佛教大学総合研究所紀要 2000（別冊）号(20000325) 217「抄録」

SUMMARIES

How the First Diplomatic Mission Understood the Policy

of "Rich Country and Strong Army"

in the Early Meiji Era

CREON, Seong-hee

This article discusses, through

Iltongkiyu

how Kim Ki-su 4:*~t3~ understood the policy of "Rich Country and Strong Army" and reacted to it.

The Japanese government intended to realize the policy of "Rich Country and Strong Army" by westernizing. The itinerary included "Rich Country and Strong Army" - related facilities such as army training fields.

There are two reasons why the Japanese government urged the mission to realize the policy of "Rich Country and Strong Army" in Korea. First, they feared Russia's southern expansion. Second, they need to restrain to the relation between Korea and China.

Although historically Korea had had close relationship with China, Japan wanted to break such relation and force Japan's influence upon Korea.

While Kim Ki-su recognized the necessity of military enlargement to some extent, on the other hand, he insisted that Korea should follow the Chinese system and Confucian disciplines as it had always done.

Kim Ki-su criticized the principles of "Rich Country and Strong Army" such as dependency on western technology.

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Nishida Kitaro's View of Imperial Japan

T AYAMA, Reishi

It is impossible to do entire justice to the word "- (oneness)" employed by Nishida's philosophy in English or even in Japanese, which covers "singularity" and "unity". This problem becomes particularly acute when one tries to find a coherence in such concepts as

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appear in The Study of Good. "Pure experience" plays the key role in The Study

of Good as the basis for the oneness of the subject and the object. In the claim,

the two meanings of

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or rather the obscurity in its meaning, is reflected in the nationalism of the Kyoto School by differentiating "singularity" from "unity". This differen-tiation, however, has been one of the major topics in the history of western philosophy. St. Thomas and Kant are examples. They produced delicate argu-ments for the denial of "unity" as an object of experience. With their solid arguments as the background I shall inquire into how "singularity" and "unity" are confused in Nishida's thought. "Unity" was abused by the Kyoto School when it supported the Pacific War as a sacred cause. Unity as the condition of experience cannot be an object of experience. But, unity was tacitly replaced by singularity in the talks by the Kyoto School. By doing this, it claimed the unity of nations by the dominance of one nation, namely, Japan.

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Ethnic consciousness of Zainichi-Korean

in Lee Yan-ji' s novels

KIM, Keuk-mi

The theme of this paper is the "ethnic identity" of Zainichi-Koreans, or Korean residents in Japan. The term Zainichi-Korean mainly refers to Koreans who

immigrated to Japan during the period from just before World War II and immediately after it, and their descendents. Today, half century after the end of the war, the meaning of "ethnicity" or "nationality" for Zainichi-Koreans them-selves seems to have gone through important changes. It has, of course, been influenced by the surrounding Japanese society, and by the two Korean nation-states that confront each other along the 38th parallel. However Zainichi-Korean consciousness is not formed solely by such national influences. The journalist Nomura Susumu (author of Sekai no Korean [Koreans in the World]) argues,

"We mistake the essence of the matter if we view the Zainichi-Korean issue as a problem between the two nation-states of Korea and Japan."

In this paper the author discusses the novels and essays of Lee Yan-Ji, a Zainichi writer who died too young at the age of 37. Her works have rich depic-tions of subjectivity, sharply presenting the self-consciousness of her mainly female protagonists. The novels reviewed here are Nabitaryon, Koku, and Yuhi. Several

of her essays written along with these novels are also examine. The author stresses the vividness and strength of the novelist's focus on "the place where one really is". She herself left Japan for her Korean homeland that she dreamed of, but realized she was, in fact, an alien in the real land of Korea. Yet, even after going through the conflicts brought about by searching for herself as a "Korean", she kept pursuing some "place" where she belonged. Not a few Zainichi-Koreans would identify themselves with the Zainichi heroine in her conflicts of nationality and the search for the "place" to be. The author wants to present, in Lee Yan-ji's search for the meaning of her "ethnicity", one factor of the state of Zainichi-Korean ethnic consciousness.

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