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Improved Incomplete Derivative PID Control of Axial Active Magnetic Bearing

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书 书 书

50

 

2015

       

西

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

        Vol. 50  No. 2 Apr. 2015

稿

20130515

:蒋

1969 -

),男

,教

,博

,研

、电

,电

02887600317

Email

double_long@ 126. com

:蒋

,胡

PID

西

2015

50

):

241246.    

02582724

2015

02024106    DOI

10. 3969 / j. issn. 02582724. 2015. 02. 006

轴向主动磁轴承的改进不完全微分

PID

控制

 

1.

西

,四

川成

610031

2.

西

川成

610031

 

:为

,提

,以

,分

PID

,并

PID

PID

能要求的情况

,提出一种基于二阶不完全微分

PID

控制的改进算法

采用

MATLAB

Simulink

仿

,利

仿

,改

,气

20 μm

,比

PID

、带

PID

50%

30 μm

),证

:磁

PID

;数

;稳

TP273   

Improved Incomplete Derivative PID

Control of Axial Active Magnetic Bearing

JIANG Qilong

  HU Zhenqiu

1. Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle

Ministry of Education

Southwest Jiaotong University

Chengdu 610031

China

2. School of Electrical Engineering

Southwest Jiaotong University

Chengdu 610031

China

Abstract

In order to reduce the interference of measurement noise and improve the steadystate

precision of magnetic bearing control

the active magnetic bearing of a vertical motor was adopted to

analyze the influence of measurement noise on the traditional PID control. Considering that the

incomplete derivative PID controller with the firstorder filter and the traditional PID controller cannot

meet the requirement in performance of controlling the measurement noises

an improved algorithm for

the incomplete derivative PID control with the secondorder filter was proposed. A simulation platform

was then built in Simulink of MATLAB

and the improved algorithm was verified experimentally on the

active magnetic bearing platform using C programming language. Results of simulation and experiments

show that the improved algorithm can improve the static performance of the magnetic bearing. Using

the incomplete derivative PID controller with the secondorder filter

the steadystate error of the air

gap of the magnetic bearing was about 20 μm

reduced by nearly 50%

i. e.

30 μm in magnitude

compared to the traditional PID controller and the incomplete derivative PID controller with the first

order filter. This proves the effectiveness of the improved algorithm.

Key words

magnetic bearing

PID controller

digital filter

stability

(2)

西

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

50

   

,使

,是

,轴

向位置能否准确和稳定地进行控

,直

,进

,而

、阻

27

,轴

,测

测量过程中信噪比恶化

,导致

,抑

控制中的测量噪声

,对磁轴承系统的控制十分

略来抑制

,也可以用滤波器滤波

来抑制

10

]采

PID

,实

现了在外界干扰下突变较小的效

,但

300 μm

11

]中

,电

PID

,但

12

]采

PID

,实

13

]通

,实

,但

仿

,并

,而

,没

,仿

统的影响也没有分析

文献

14

]针

,提

,设

,取

,但

,传

PID

,传

PID

,从

,最

PID

PID

,针

,为

仿

1 

   

,电

,由

线

、推

(转

,整

,输

,产

,吸

δ

,可

F =

μ

- i

δ

- x

F + F

- mg = m¨x

}

μ

线

    









  δ

1 

Fig. 1  Structure model for an axial active magnetic bearing

线

,可

m¨x = k

x - k

2μ

Ai

20

4x

3 0

2μ

Ai

4x

20

(3)

,等

:轴

PID

)可

,系

,控

使

,再

)还

,传

,这

(有

,可

,从

,满

,很

PID

,甚

使

,本

2 

PID

   

PID

PID

(低

15

,本

PID

,如

                              + +

2 

PID

Fig. 2  Structure of the improved incomplete derivative PID control algorithm

,过

)由

s + 1

)(

s + 1

);

)将

)写

dt

+ T

du

dt

  u

= K

de

dt

)将

)写

  T

- u

k - 1

k - 1

- u

k - 2

 

+ T

- u

k - 1

+ u

  K

- e

k - 1

)求

+ t

+ T

+ t

2 s

×

 

- e

k - 1

))

 

+ T

+ 2T

k - 1

  T

k - 2

)};

)令

α =

- T

+ t

+ T

+ t

2 s

β =

2 s

+ t

+ T

+ t

2 s

= K

β

- e

k - 1

))

 

1 - α - β

k - 1

+ αu

k - 2

), (

)为

)为

- 1 < α < 0

  0 < β < 1

  0 < 1 - α - β < 1.

,可

α

β.

α

β

,通

)可

,就

,从

PID

3 

仿

   

PID

PID

,在

、仅

,进

PID

、带

PID

(简

PID

)、带

PID

(简

PID

,方

0. 000 5

,气

器的输出范围为

0 ~ 5 V

PID

参数依次为

5. 1

0. 000 087

115

,一

PID

(4)

西

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

50

α

0. 86

,二

PID

α

- 0. 49

β

0. 09

,工

1 mm.

仿

,常

PID

PID

PID

PID

,由

,导

1 s.

得较好的动态性能

,需要提高微分系

,获

PID

,分别为

5. 1

0. 000 5

500.

仿

,结

,二

PID

PID

,稳

完全微分

PID

小了

50%

以上

,最多时将近

50 μm.

PID

,但

,都

0. 5 s

,较

,二

PID

势将更加明显

,这一点由图

和图

的对比

              











  

3  3

Fig. 3  Antiinterference effect of three control methods          







 



4 

PID

Fig. 4  Antiinterference effect of two incomplete derivative PID control algorithms

,本

对传统

PID

采用试凑法获得的最好参数为

200. 55

0. 3

110 000

,一

PID

控制采用的参数都为

450. 55

0. 45

180 000.

5 ~ 7

8 ~ 10

,传

PID

,一

1 

Tab. 1  Parameters of the system hardware

 

/ kg 78. 5  

150  

/ Ω 0. 51  

/ mm2 10 500  

/ mm 1  

/ A 3. 25  

/ mm 2  

/ mH 4. 192

5 

PID

Fig. 5  Dynamic process of the traditional PID

(5)

,等

:轴

PID

6 

PID

Fig. 6  Dynamic process of the incomplete derivative PID with the firstorder filter

7 

PID

Fig. 7  Dynamic process for the incomplete derivative PID with the secondorder filter

8 

PID

Fig. 8  Steadystate effect of the traditional PID

10

,带

,传

50%

,对

,气

30 μm.

9 

PID

Fig. 9  Steadystate effect of the incomplete derivative PID with the firstorder filter

10 

PID

Fig. 10  Steadystate effect of the incomplete derivative PID with the secondorder filter

4 

   

PID

,带

PID

,本

PID.

仿

,稳

,引

微分

PID

是非常必要

较其他复杂的算

,本

 

:科

2003

45.

 

,邓

,严

,等

2000

33

):

2931. ZHU Huangqiu

DENG Zhiquan

YAN Yangguang

et al. The principle of bearingless motor and its study status

. Micromotor

2000

33

):

2931.

  FUKATA S

YUTANIK. Characteristics of electromagnetic

(6)

西

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

50

systems of magnetic bearings biased with permanent magnets

∥ Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Magnetic Bearings. Cambridge

MIT

1998

234243.

  MCMULLEN P T

HUYNH C S

HAYES R J. Combination radialaxial magnetic bearing

∥ Proceedings of 7th International Symposium on Magnetic Bearings. Switzerland

:[

s. n.

],

2000

473478.

  TAKAMOTO Y

CHIBA A

FUKAO T. Test results on a prototype bearing less induction motor with fiveaxis magnetic suspension

∥ Proceedings of 7th International Power Electronics Conference. Yokohama

s. n.

],

1995

334339.

 

,朱

,曾

,等

究[

中国机械工程

1999

10

):

387 389. ZENG Li

ZHU Huangqiu

ZENG Xueming

et al. Research of permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic levitation bearing

. Chinese Mechanical Engineering

1999

10

):

387389.

 

,成

,潘

,等

电机与控制学报

2008

12

):

365370. CHENG Jiaju

CHENG Qiuliang

PAN Wei

et al. Antiinterference control of bearing less motor axial hybrid magnetic bearing

. Electric Machines and Control

2008

12

):

365370.

  STEWART D. A platform with six degrees of freedom

∥Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanic Engineer. 1965

180

371386.

  ZHONG Yi

LIU Quan. Improved adaptive filtering application based on DSP for active magnetic bearing system

∥ Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Signal Processing.

S. l.

]:

IEEE

2006

1620.

10

 

,胡

,余

,等

PID

2013

28

):

93100. LIU Hexiang

HU Mingqiang

YU Haitao

et al. An scheme using adaptive fuzzy sliding mode PID on magnetic vehicle

. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

2013

28

):

93100.

11

 

,邱

线

PID

控制器的设计[

机床与液压

2013

41

):

94100. LAN Yipeng

QIU Chao. The controller design using fuzzy pid on magnetic levitation permanent magnet linear motor

. Machine Tool & Hydraulics

2013

41

):

94100.

12

 

,张

,钱

统稳定性控制[

南京航空航天大学学

2013

45

):

190195. XIAO Minjin

ZHANG Jiansheng

QIAN Xianyi. The stability control of active magnetic system based on adaptive fuzzy method

. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics

2013

45

):

190195.

13

 

,刘

,诸

,等

2011

10

):

2630. LU Lihu

LIU Haijuan

ZHU Dehong

et al. Fuzzy antiinterference control of axial active magnetic bearings

. Bearing

2011

10

):

2630.

14

 

,房

,魏

,等

法[

航天大学学报

2010

36

):

421425. DING Li

FANG Jiangcheng

WEI Tong

et al. A new method of the axial magnetic bearing robust control for disturbance rejection

. Journal of Beijing university of aeronautics and astronautics

2010

36

):

421425.

15

 

PID

MATLAB

仿

2004

125205.

(中

:秦

 

   

:兰

参照

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