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2018年北海道胆振東部地震域の斜面における微動と余震観測による斜面の震動特性 Characteristics of Ground Motion on Slopes of the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake Area Based on the Observation of Microtremors and Aftershocks

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2018 年北海道胆振東部地震域の斜面における微動と余震観測による斜面の震動特性

Characteristics of Ground Motion on Slopes of the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake Area Based on

the Observation of Microtremors and Aftershocks

〇王功輝・馬寧・土井一生・古谷元・渡部直喜・石丸聡・小安浩理・蔡飛・内村太郎・木村誇 〇Gonghui WANG・Ning MA・Issei DOI・Gen FURUYA・Naoki WATANABE・Satoshi ISHIMARU・

Hiromichi KOYASU・Fei CAI・Taro UCHIMURA・Takashi KIMURA

During the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake, a huge number of landslides was triggered on the tephra slopes, resulting in great damage to local properties and 36 casualties. Although one large landslide was initiated with its sliding surface being in the bedrock of sandstone and siltstone, most of them occurred on the tephra slope. To understand the initiation and movement mechanisms of these landslides occurring on tephra slopes, understanding the coseismic response of the slopes during the earthquake is of great importance. To achieve this, we conducted microtremor observation on the tephra slopes on Yoshino and Tomisato areas, Atsuma immediately after the earthquake. We also installed seismometers on the tephra slope near Yoshino area, and performed continuous earthquake observation. Through analyzing the observed results and comparing them with those recorded in some earthquake observation stations during the main shock, we examined the site response features of these tephra slopes and then possible initiation mechanism of these tephra landslides during the earthquake.

1.はじめに 2018 年 9 月 6 日に発生した北海道胆振東部地 震(Mj6.7)により,勇払郡厚真町を中心として広 域にわたる表層崩壊が発生し,甚大な土砂災害が 発生した.これらの斜面崩壊の発生機構を解明す るためには,筆者らは地震発生当初の調査に引き 続き,令和元年に厚真町吉野を中心として各種観 測,試料分析,および解析を実施した.ここでは, テフラ斜面において行った微動調査及び連続地 震動観測データを解析した結果を報告する. 2.観測期間および方法 地震によって崩壊した斜面の内外において微 動観測を吉野地区と富里地区で実施した.観測に は,微動探査用計測装置McSEIS-MT NEO を用い た. また,厚真町朝日地区の非崩壊斜面において, 2台の満点地震計を設置し,2019 年8~11 月の 間に連続地震観測を行った.各観測点において計 測したデータは,まず,各成分(EW,NS,UD)の 記録を高速フーリエ変換した.次に,EW と NS の スペクトルから水平面でのスペクトルを計算し, そのスペクトルから水平/上下の比(H/V ratio) を求めた.また,2018 年の本震時において厚真周 辺の地震観測点で得られた地震記録により地震 動特性を整理し,分析した. 3.結果 Fig. 1には富里地域の非崩壊斜面の一微動観測 点で得られたデータ及び連続地震動観測記録の Coda wavesを用いた解析結果(H/V ratio)を示す. そこに2つのピーク(対応する周波数は,それぞれ 5~7 Hz付近と25 Hz付近)があることが分かった. 本震時に崩壊域周辺における地震動は短周期帯 域の卓越地震動が観測されたので,本震の時には 地すべり斜面においては,地形や共振作用によっ て,斜面地震動が大く増幅され,斜面崩壊を引き 起こした可能性があると考えられる.

Fig. 1 Amplification characteristic for Tomisato area (a) and Asahi area (b).

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Fig. 1 Amplification characteristic  for Tomisato area  (a) and Asahi area (b).

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