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科学技術と社会に関する世論調査

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科学技術と社会に関する世論調査(平成29年9月調査)のミクロデータ分析

文部科学省 科学技術・学術政策研究所 第1調査研究グループ 要旨

2017 年 9 月、内閣府により科学技術と社会に関する世論調査が調査された。本世論調査では、

弊所が主務機関を務めるとともに、政策課題の設問案の作成等を担当した。本稿では、設問に 対して、重回帰分析による変数選択を経て絞り込まれた変数の組み合わせに対して、ベイジア ンネットワークで変数間の因果関係を推定した。結果、科学者の話の信頼度が高い回答者は科 学技術の発展はプラスになると回答する傾向がある。また、科学者の話の信頼度が高いほど社 会の新たな問題は科学技術によって解決されると回答されていることが判明した。

また、傾向スコア法による因果推定として、施策項(treatment)として入手経路(情報源、

認知経路)と小中学校の理数好きと設定すると、テレビを科学技術情報源の入手経路とする人 はそうでない人より、科学技術関心度が約 27%高いことなどが判明した。また、ラジオを科学 技術情報源の入手経路とする人はそうでない人より、10年後の日本の科学技術は諸外国に比 べ進んでいると思う人が約 7%低い。

Microdata Analysis on the Social Survey on Science and Technology and Society(2017)

1st Policy–Oriented Research Group, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), MEXT

ABSTRACT

In September 2017, social survey on science technology and society was investigated by the Cabinet Office. In this survey, the insitute acted in charge of preparing a draft question on policy issues. In this paper, for the question, we estimated the causal relationship between variables in Bayesian network for variable combination narrowed down by variable selection by multiple regression analysis. As a result, respondents who had high confidence in scientists' talk tended to answer that the development of science and technology would be positive. Also, it turned out that the higher the confidence of the scientist's talk was, the more it was answered that new problems of society were solved by science and technology.

In addition, if you set the acquisition route (information source, cognitive route) and the likes of science and mathematics of the elementary school people as the treatment of the causal estimation by the propensity score method, it was found that degree of interest in science and technology who had TV as the acquisition source was about 27% higher than that who did not have. In addition, about Japan's science and technology in ten years being much more advanced compared to other countries, people who used radio as information acquisition route are about 7% lower than that who did not use.

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