中央 ア ジア出土 梵文法華経断片
戸
田
宏
文
こ こ に 報 告 す る 梵 文 法 華 経 断 片 は, 現 在India Office Libraryに 保 管 し て あ る Sanskrit manuscript fragments from the Stein and Hoernle Collections の 中 か ら見 出 さ れ た も の で あ る。 こ のCollectionの 法 華 経 断 片 の い ぐ つ か は, 既 に 本 田 義 英 博 士 に よ つ て 将 来 さ れ, 公 刊 さ れ て い る。(「西 域 出土 梵 本 法 華 経 」H.と 略 す。)し か し こ の 刊 本 に 収 め ら れ て い る断 片 に つ な が る 同 一 写 本 も 新 た に 見 出 さ れ た。 これ ら の 諸 断 片 に 共 通 し て い る こ と は, ほ ぼ 完 全 にPetrovsky本 に 合 致 す る と い う こ と で あ る。 新 し く見 出 さ れ た 断 片 を, Petrovsky本(P.)とNanjio-Kern本(NK.)と 対 照 した 結 果 を 示 せ ば 次 の ご と く な る。(folio no. は東 洋 文 庫 所 蔵 影 印 本(T.と 略 す) の丁 数 を示 す。79十78(2)十77(2)はfol.79に あ る1枚 の 断片 がfol. 78に あ る2枚 の 断 片 とfol. 77に あ る2枚 の断 片 に つな が る こ とを示 す。)
Chap. f olio no. P. NK.
I 77 12b, 4-12b, 7(?) 7.1-7.2 66 14b, 3-15b, 1 7.3-7.11 83 19b, 3-20a, 4 12.15-14. 2(30bd, 36b-40c) 83(2) 24a, 6-25a, 7 18.2-19.2 75 29b, 6-30a, 1 22.2-22.5 78 32b, 1-33a, 4 24.16-25 11(71c-78b) II 162 36a, 4-37a, 1 29.2-29.9 162 51b., 2-52a, 5 43.6-43.14 III 79+78(2) +77(2) 84b, 3-86a, 1 78.5-79.6 76 90b, 3-91a, 6 83.9-84.8(44b-50d) IV 162 102a.4-102b.7 100.4-101.1 47 110a, 7-111a, 1 107.7-108.2 67 116b, 3-117a, 4 113. 3-114.9 (22b-27b) V 76 128b.6-129a.7 128. 14-129. 10 (24c-29d) 79 137a.3-137b., 1 137.14-138.7
-1081-中央 ア ジ ア出土 梵 文 法 華 経 断 片(戸 田) (48)
VI 75+76 143a, 6-144a, 5 147. 7-148.8 (12a-16a)
161 149a, 3-149b, 5 154. 3-154. 16(30a-35d) VII 157 175b, 3-176b, 2 181.14-182.13 161 182b, 3-183a, 6 188.7-189.3 VIII-IX 71 203a, 6-203b.2 214.5-215.1 XI 157 230b, 7-232a, 2 242.8-243.7 XV 67 287a, 1-287a, 4 299.8-299.13 XVI 44(5) 308a, 1-310b, , 5 319.3-321.9 XVIII 79 333b, 5-334a, 7 347.4-347.11 78(H. 251-2)+77 334b, 2-335a, 7 347.12-348.9 82(H. 179-180) 335b, 1-336a, 7 348.9-349.8 XIX 84(2) 346a, 3-347b, 3 360.2-361.3 79+78 353a, , 1-354b.5 367.1-368.1 XX 83+82(H. 185-6) 363a, 1-363b, 7 377.6-378.6, 83+81+75+80+84 364a, 1-367b.7 378.6-381.10 80(H. 261-4) 81(H. 259-260, 269-270) XXI 156 373a, 6-374b, -2 387.8-388.7 XXII 80+83 383a, 1-383b, 7 397.9-399.4 XXIV 156 411b, 5(?)-412b, 4 427.5-427.15 157 414b, 3-415b, 4(?) 429.6-430.13(?) XXVI 77+83 434b;7-435b, 6 459.8-461.1 XXVIII 70 456b, 6-457a, 6 484.11-485.7 VII Purvayogaparivarta P. T. 182b)3 nisti(r)na(samjnino)
b, 3-4 (man)y(e)yuh ta(m enam sa) desikali puru(sas) b, 5 (naga)ram antardhapa(ye)d antardhapayitva b, 6 (abhya)se sa ito maharatnadvipa idan to ma(ya)
b, 7 (e)vam eva bhiksavas tatha(ga)to rhanl)samya(ksambuddhah)
1) III (79. 3-4) (tatha)gato 'rhan samyaksambuddhas tathagatajfl(ana-) (T. fols. 78-77, P. 85b, 3-4), XXI (388..5) tathagato JS rha(m) samyaksa(m)buddha(s) (T.
fol. 156, P. 374a, 6-7) cf. Hoernle MR. p. 182.
-1080-183a, 1-2 (ta)tha(ga)to 'rhan') samyaksambu(ddha) evam pasyati a, 3 (parinamayitav)ya(m) nirvapa(yita)vyam ma khalv ime satva
e (kam)
a, 4 (niv) arteyur no pasam (kra) meyuh bahupari (klesam) a, 5 (buddhajnana)m abhisambo(ddhum iti) tadvat tathagato a, 6 (abhinirmi)noti tesam
P. (182b, 1-183a, 7) (NK. 188. 6-189. 4)
(182b, 1) atha to kantaraprapta(h) purusas tam r(2)ddhimayam nagaram pas-yitva praviseyur agataratnadvipasamjninas ca bhaveyuh nirvana(3)samjninas ca bhaveyu(r) nirvana(!)samjnino nirvrta sma sitibhuta smeti manyeyu' tam e(4)nam sa desikah purusas tan purusa(m) visrantan viditva punar eva tam rddhimayam na(5)garam antardhapayed antardha(pa)yitva ca tan purusan evam vaded agacchant(u) bha (ga) vanta (6)kalyanasatva abhyase sa ito maharatnad-v.ipa idam to maya mahanagaram yusma(7)ka(m) visramana(!)rthayabhinir-mitam iti
evam eva bhiksavas tathagato 'rhan samyaksam(183a, 1) (ksam] buddhah sa yusmakam ca sarvasatvanam ca desikah atha khalu bhiksavas tathagato rham samya(2)ksambuddha evam pasyati mahantam idam klesakantaram nirvahi-tavyam nirgannirvahi-tavyam parinama(3)yitavyam nirvapayitavyam" ma khalv ime satva eka(m) eva buddhayanam idam bhasitam (4)srrutva drravenaiva(!) ni (r)-varteyur nopasamkrrameyu- bahupariklesam idam buddhayanam sa(5)mudani-ya(m) tena vaya(m a)pratibala buddhajnanam abhisamboddhum iti tadva(t) tathagatah satva(6)nam durbalasayatam viditva yatha sa desika rddhimayam nagaram abhinirminoti tesam (7)satvanam visramana(! )rthaya visranta(m)s caina(m) viditva evam kathayati rddhimayam nagaram iti (183a, 7 end)
次 に これ らの断 片 の 中か ら, い くつ か を示 そ う。
V Ausadhiparivarta fol. 76 (Kha ix 26)
(santarpaya(mi) ima sarvalokam megho 'va varim sama mumcamana aryesu nicesu ca tulyabuddhi)h
du (h) si (labhutesu ca silavatsu 24)
-1079-中央 ア ジ ア出土 梵 文 法 華 経 断 片(戸 田) (50)
(vinastacaritra tathaiva ye na)ras caritra-ac(arasamanvitas ca drstau sthita ye ca vinastadrstayah
samya)gdasa(!) ye ca vi(suddhadrsti 25) (hinesu utkrstamatisu- ca pi
mrdv-indriyesu pravadam) ti (!) dharmam kil(asita(m) sarva vivarjayitva
samyak pramumcamy aha dharmavarsam 26) yathabalam ca sru(niyana mahyam
vividhasu bhumisu pratisthahamti devesu m)a(r)tyesu manaura(mesu
sakrresu brahmesu ca cakrravartisu 27) (ksudrranuksudrra i)ma osadhiyu
(khuddika2) eta iha ye(!) ca loke anya ca madhya mahati ca o) sadhi
srunotha t(am sarva prakasayisye 28) (anasrava (!) dharma pra janamana)
nirvanaprapt(a viharamti ye nara(h) sadabhi jna-traividya bhavamti ye ca
sa) kh(u)d(d)ika2) o(sadhi (ti) pramucyate(!) 29) XX Sadaparibhutaparivarta
P. T.
364a, 1 (aparibhuta yusme mama' tat kasya hetau' sarve yu(yam) (81')
a, 2 (tatha)gata arhantah samyaksamb(u)ddh(a) (81') a, 3 (bodhisatva)yanika evam sravayati (81')
a, 4 (upasika)ya va to tasya sarve yadbhuy(ena) (81')
a, 5 (utpada)yanty akrrosa(nti) paribhasamti kuto 'yam aprcchito 2)cf. III-116b khuqqalaka(98a, 5護、 挫 随), -122b khuqqaka(98b, 7什、 挫 随), V-1
3b khuddika(127b)2)III(60. 9) khu(d)dalakayanena(65b, 1), V(122.4) khuddalakah khuddalakanada khuddalakakasta(!) khudda(la)kasakhapatrapalasa (122b, 5-6)1, XXVI(460.4) khumdalako(!) (435a, 7) (T. 77 (khu)ddalakau).
-1078-(bhi)ksu(r) (83-81)
a, 6 (ity a)tmanasyopada(rsa)yaty asmakam ca vyakaroty anutta-raya(m) (83'-81')
a, 7 (akam)ksitamn ca' atha kha(lu maha)sthamapra(pta tasya bodhi)satvasya (83'-81')
364b, 1 gacchamty akrrosyamta(sya pari) bhasya(ntas) ya (sa ca bo)-dhisatvo (83-81)
b, 2 (na vyapadya)ti na vyapadam u(tpada)yati ye casya satva evam samsrava(yamanasya) (83-81)
b, 3 (ksipa)mti atan (duragat)an evam u(c)cakanthataya samsrava-(yati) (83-81)
b, 4 yuyam bodhisatvacarikam (caratha) (81)
b, 5 (samyaksambu)ddhas tasya bodhisatvasya tebhir a(dhimanike-bhir) (81)
b, 6 (up)asikabhi' satatasamitam (81) b, 7-365a, 1 naham yusmakam pari(bhavamiti) (81)
a, 1 (sadapa)ribhutau bhiksunam sadaparibhuto bhiksuninam sa-(daparibhuta) (75-80)
a, 2 (upasakopasika)nam tebhih sa bhiksur bodhisatv(o) mahasat-vah sadapari (bhuta iti nama krtam babhuva) (75-80) a, 3 tasya ca khalu punar mahasthamaprapta sadapari (bhutasya)
(75-80)
a, 4 (mahasatva)sya (ka)la(kri)yayam pratyupa(sthitayam) (75-80) a, 5 (ayam dharmaparya)ya(h sruto 'bhut) tena ca bhagavata
bhi-(ksmagarjitasvararajena) (75-80) a, 6-365b, 2...
b)2-3 (sarva)m u(dgrahitava)n udgrah(i)tva ca (75'-80') b, 3-4 (ghranavi)suddhi(m) j(ihvav)isuddhim kaya(visuddhim)
(75'-80')
b, 4-5 (sahapratila)bda(!) (bhir visuddhi)bhis ca mahasthamaprapta tena bodhisatvena imam pd(...) (75'-80')
b, 5-6 vimsativarsakotinayutany atmanau jivitasamska(ram) (75'-80')
-1077-中 央 ア ジア 出土 梵 文 法 華 経 断片(戸 田) (52)
b, 6-7 vimsativarsakotinayutani punar apimam dha(rmaparyayam) (75'-80')
b, 7-366a, 1 adhimanika(h) satva(h) purva(m) bh(iksu-) (80) a, 1(?) cittani babhuvur aparibha(vami) (...) paribha(vami)
(80-84)
a 2-3 (ta)sya bodhisatvasya tan namakrtam (sadapari)bhuta iti to (80-84)
a, 3-4 (r)ddhibalasthamam drstva pratibha(nasthamam prajnaba)-lasthama (mad (m) (80-84)
a, 4-5 (vidi)tva sarve nusahayi(bhuta babhuvus) (80) a, 6-366b.2...
b, 3 (-saha) srrany a (m) radhayamasa (80')
b, 4-5 (sam) prrakasayamasa sau nup (urvena purva)kena kusala(mulena) (80'-84')
b, 5 dumdubhisvarara jasamana(makanam...) arhat(am) (80'-84')
b, 6 vi(m)saty eva tathagatakoti(nayutany ara)dhay(amasa) (80'-84')
b, 7(?) (saddharmapundarika)m eva dharmaparyayam adha(rayama-sa)3) (80')
b, 7-367a, 1(?) (a)nupurvena punar eva meghesvara(rajasamanamakanam) (81') a, 2 (tath)agata(nam a)rhat(am samyaksambuddh)anam vimsaty
eva tathagatakoti-(81-81')
a, 3 (-nayutasatasaha)srrany aradhayama(sa....ida)m eva saddharmapundarika(m) dharmapa(ryayam) (81-81')
a, 3-4 (adharaya) masa4) desaya (masa sam) praka sayamasi(!) catasr-nam pari (sadam) (81-84-81')
a, 5 (anavali)nacittah sarvatra caiva(ru)paya(!) visuddhya
saman-va(gato) (81-84-81') (81-84))
a, 6
(srotrapa)risuddhya ghra(naparisuddhy)a jihvapari(suddhya)J
3) (380.10)K'aragitavan(144a, 6a-b)bzuh ste(北 京67-1-1).
-1076-a, 7 (manaparisuddhya sa)manvagato ('bhut sarvatra ce)dam eva-(rupam) sa(ddharmapundarikam) (81-84)
367b, 1 (pari) sadam anava (linacittah sam) prakasay (amasa) (81'-84') b, 2 (sadapa)ribhuto baudhi(satvo mahasa)tva etaka(nam) (81'-84')
b, 3 (sa)tkaram krtva gurukaram anyesam ca bahuna(m) buddha-kau(ti-) (81'-84'-81)
b, 4-5 (satka)ram krtva guru(kara mkrtva sa)rvatra cedam saddhar-mapundarikam dharmapa(ryayam) (81'-84'-81) (81'-81) b, 5-6 catasrnam pa(risadam samprakasa)yitva tena ca kusalamulena b, 6-7 (bodhisa)tvo. nutta(ram) sam(yaksambodhim
abhisam)buddha-(h) syat khalu punas to mahastha(maprapta) (81-81) b, 7 (tena kale)na tena samayena sada(paribhuto) (81)
XXII Dharaniparivarta
383a, 1 (evamrupanam dharma)bhanakanam ()t pu(...) (80) a, 2 (lapsya)ti' tad yatha yakso va raksasau va (80)
a, 3 (v)a kumbhando va avatarapreksi-d-avata(ragaveksi) (80) a, 4 (pradana)suro bodhisatvo mahasatvos(!) tasya(m) velayam (80) a, 5 (ta)d yatha jvale maha jvale uke muke ate a(tavati) (80) a, 6 (c)itini' nrti(ni) n(r)tyavati' imani ta(ni) (80-83)
a, 7 (buddhe)bhir bhagava(dbh)ir bhasitany a(numoditani) (80-83) b, 1 (viradhit)a(h) syur yas tesam tatharupa(nam) (80'-83')
b, 2 (a)tha khalu vaisra(mano) maharaja bhagavantaip sa(khyamunim) (80'-83')
b, 3 (aham a)pi bhadanta bhagavan dharanipadani bha(sisye) (80') b, 4 (anukam) paya raksavaranaguptaye ca satvanam (ca arthaya) (80') b, 5 ade nade nunade anadunadi5> ku(nadi//) (80')
b, 6 (tatha)rupanam dharmabhanakanam anu(raksam) (80') b, 7 dharmabhana(kanam) (80')
XXIV Gadgadasvaraparivarta 411b, 5(?) (buddhaksetra)c caturasiti(bhir) (156)
4)(381.1)K'aragitavan(144b, 1b)bzuh ste(67-1-3)(什)受 持(大 正51a). cf.(381.7)K'aragayitva(144b, 3a)bzun ste(67-1-6).
-1075-中 央 ア ジ ア出土 梵 文 法 華 経 断片(戸 田) (54)
b, 6 (lokadha)tum agacchati ma(m) darsanaya va(ndanaya) (156) b, 7 (dharmaparya)yasya sravanaya tasyedam (purvanimittam) (156) 412a, 1(?) (kim) punar bhagavams tena kula(putrena) (156)
a, 3 (upacita)syayam evarup(o) visesas pra(tilabdhah) (156) a, 4 (vayam) bhagavan samadhim srn(o)mah ta(tra) (156) a, 5-6 (bodhi)satvasya mahasatvasya va(rnam) (156')
a, 6-7 (tatha)gato 'Than samyaksambuddhas tath(arupam) (156') -412b, 1(?) saham lokadhatum agacche(t) (156')
b, 2 (manyusriyam kuma)rakabhutam6) etad a(vocat) (156')
b, 3 (pa)rinirvrta(h) saptaratnamaye st(upe madhye praptah) (156') b, 4 bhagavamtam prabhutara(tnam tathagatam) (156')
H. 217-218 (T. fol. 72) (NK. 427. 4-15)
(217, 1) lokadhatau tasya bhagavatah kamaladalavimalanaksatrara jasamkusumit-bhijnasya (ta(2)thagatasyarhatah) samyaksambuddhasya buddhaksetrec(!) caturasitibhir bodhisatvasahasrebhih sardham parivrtah pu(3) (raskrta imam
saham) lokadhatum agacchati man darsanaya vandanaya pa(ry)upasanaya imasya ca (4) (saddharmapundarikasya) dharmaparyayasya sravanaya tasyedam purvanimittam atha khalu mamnyusrih kumarakabhu (5) (to bhagavantam etad a)vocat kim punar bhagavams tena kulaputrena kusalamulasambharam
krtam yasya kusalamula (218, 1) (sambharasya krtasya u) pacitasyayam evarupo visesah pratilabdhah katamatra va bhagavan samadhav asau (2) (bodhisatvo mahasa)tvas carati tam (vayam samadhim srnomah tatra ca) vayam sama-tdhau carema tam ca vayam bodhisatvam mahasatvam pasyema kim ta(3) (sya bodhisatvasya ma)hasatvasya varnam kim limngam kim rupam kidrsam samsthanam kim acaram tat sadhu bhagavan ku(4) (rvatu tathagato rha)n samyaksambuddhas tatharupam nimittam yena nimittena samcoditah samanah sa bodhisatvo maha(5) (satva imam saham lokadhatum agacchet
atha khalu bhagavam cchakyamunis tathagato Than samyaksambuddho manyusriyam kuma (rakabhutam etad avocat)
5) 什 訳, 突 訳 は 五 句 に 読 ま る べ き で あ り, 本 田 義 英 「仏 典 の 内 相 と外 相 」pp. 191-202 の 所 論 は 再 考 さ る べ き で あ ろ う。
6) cf什 訳(大 正55c, 4-5行).
