過去形(3)
中学2年生コース
1
Today’s goal
1. 過去形(be動詞)の
肯定文・否定文・疑問文を作れるようになる。
3
take a walk
散歩する
get on a bus
バスに乗る
get off a bus
バスから おりる
get in a car
車に乗る
get out of a
car
車からおりるride a bicycle
自転車に乗
る
do one’s
homework
宿題をする
work in the
garden
庭仕事をするput on/turn
on the light
明かりをつけるturn off the
light
明かりを消す
have a good
time
良い時を過ごすdraw a
picture
絵を描く
take a picture
写真を撮る
c
u
t down
…を切り倒す
l
ea
ve
…を出発する
ch
i
ldren
子供たち
過去形の作り方
4 ほとんどの 規則動詞 -ed をつける play help visit played helped visited eで終わる 動詞 -d をつける arrive like use arrived liked used 語尾が 子音字+y で終わる動詞 yをiに変えて-edをつける study carry cry studied carried cried アクセントのある 短母音+子音字 で終わる動詞 子音字を重ね て-edをつける stop drop plan stopped dropped planned 不規則動詞 have go had went5 1. あなたは毎日テニスをします。 (現在形) • _____ _______ tennis _______ ______. 2. 彼女は毎週日曜日にバイオリンを弾きます。 (現在形) • _____ _______ the violin _______ _________. 3. あなたは昨日ピアノを弾きました。 (過去形) • _____ _______ the piano __________. 4. 彼女は昨晩ゲームをしました。 (過去形) • _____ _______ games ______ _______.
現在形と過去形(一般動詞×肯定文)
過去形(一般動詞)に__________はない!6 1. 私はテレビを見ません。 (現在形) • _____ _______ _______ TV. 2. 彼はYouTubeを見ません。 (現在形) • _____ _______ _______ YouTube. 3. 私は先週サッカーの試合を見なかった。(過去形)
• _____ _______ _______ the soccer game ______ _______. 4. 彼は今朝TVドラマを見なかった。 (過去形)
• _____ _______ _______ a TV drama _____ _________.
現在形と過去形(一般動詞×否定文)
7 1. あなたは放課後に英語を勉強しますか? (現在形) • _____ _____ _______ English _______ school? 2. Maryは夕食前に数学を勉強しますか? (現在形) • _____ _____ _______ math _______ dinner? 3. Tomは3日前に歴史を勉強しましたか? (過去形) • _____ _____ _______ history three days _____?
4. Emilyは先月、理科を勉強しましたか? (過去形) • _____ _____ _______ science _____ _______?
現在形と過去形(一般動詞×疑問文)
8
1. あなたは昨晩、宿題をしましたか? (過去形)
• _____ _____ _______ ______ homework last night? 2. はい/いいえ • Yes, _____ _______. / No, _____ _______. 3. 彼女は昨日、宿題をしましたか? (過去形) • _____ _____ _______ ______ homework yesterday? 4. はい/いいえ • Yes, _____ _______. / No, _____ _______. 5. 彼らは先週、宿題をしましたか? (過去形)
• _____ _____ _______ ______ homework last week? 6. はい/いいえ
• Yes, _____ _______. / No, _____ _______.
<解答巻末>
肯定文
否定文
疑問文
play tennis
need a pen
visit Osaka
watch TV
use the room
cook dinner
listen to the
radio
10
不規則動詞
原形
過去形
原形
過去形
原形
過去形
begin
bring
buy
come
do
eat
forget
get
give
go
have
hear
know
leave
make
meet
put
read
run
say
see
sell
send
sing
speak
swim
take
teach
tell
write
※出典: New Treasure Stage1 Lesson9 <解答巻末>
<解答巻末>
肯定文
否定文
疑問文
carry one’s
bag
I
carried
my bag.
I
didn’t
carry
my
bag.
Did
you
carry
your bag?
wash the
dishes
sing a song
take a walk
go to school
do one’s
homework
bring one’s
umbrella
11answer the phone
listen to music
play the piano watch TV use a smartphone wash my face
study talk with friends have dinner clean the room
make dinner go to the station speak English look at the sky open a textbook 12 <解答巻末>
過去形+ last week
• I
played
the piano last week.
• I
didn’t
study
last week.
13 take a train get on a bus ride a bike read a book swim
put on
a light give a present eat lunch go shopping
drink soda draw pictures (過去形drew) have a good time play table tennis buy some books do one’s homework <解答巻末>
過去形+ last week
• I
• I
got on a bus
last week.
Day Week Month Year 今日 今週 今月 今年 昨日 先週 先月 昨年 一昨 日 2週間 前 2ヵ月 前 2年前 3日前 3週間前 3ヵ月前 3年前 <解答巻末> 14
• 今日の朝(今朝) • 今日の午後 • 今日の夜(今夜) • 昨日の朝 • 昨日の午後 • 昨日の夜(昨晩) • 1時間前/2時間前 • 1分前/2分前 • この前の週末 • この前の日曜日 • 去年の夏 <解答巻末> 15
◆一般動詞
1. I
clean
my room every day.
2. I
________ my room last Sunday.
3. She
usually
drinks
coffee.
4. She
_______ coffee yesterday morning.
◆be動詞
5. I
am
tired now.
6. I
_______ tired yesterday.
7. We
are
very busy today.
8. We
_______ very busy yesterday morning.
am, is 過去形 _______ are 過去形_______
◆一般動詞
1. They
study
English from Monday to Friday.
2. They
_______ English an hour ago.
3. He
sometimes
makes
dinner.
4. He
_______ dinner last night.
◆be動詞
5. They
are
sometimes late for school.
6. They
______ late for school this morning.
7. It
is
cloudy today.
8. It
_______ cloudy yesterday.
am, is 過去形 _______ are 過去形_______
現在形と過去形(be動詞×肯定文)
181. 私は今日ハッピーだ。
• ____ _____ _______ _________.
2. 私は昨日ハッピーだった。
• ____ _____ _______ _________.
3. 彼は今、先生だ。
• ____ _____ ____ _______ ______.
4. 彼は5年前、先生だった。
• ____ _____ ____ _______ ______ ______ ______.
現在形と過去形(be動詞×否定文)
191. 私は今日ハッピー
ではない
。
• ____ ____ ____ ______ _________.
2. 私は昨日ハッピー
ではなかった
。
• ____ ____ ____ ______ _________.
3. 彼は今、先生
ではない
。
• ____ ____ ____ ____ _______ ______.
4. 彼は5年前、先生
ではなかった
。
• ____ ____ ____ ____ _______ _____ ______ _____.
be動詞の_____ に _____を置く
現在形と過去形(be動詞×疑問文)
201. あなたは今日ハッピーですか。
• ____ ____ ______ _________?
2. あなたは昨日ハッピーでしたか。
• ____ ____ ______ _________?
3. 彼は今、先生ですか。
• ____ ____ ____ _______ ______?
4. 彼は5年前、先生でしたか。
• ____ ____ ____ _______ _____ ______ _____?
______ と ______をひっくり返す + ?
疑問文の答え方 (Yes, No)
1. Were
you
happy yesterday?
2. Was
he
happy yesterday?
3. Was
it
rainy yesterday?
4. Were
you
(あなたたち) happy yesterday?
5. Were
they
happy yesterday?
22
主語
(単数)
be動詞
主語
(複数)
be動詞
1人称
I
we
2人称
you
you
3人称
he
they
she
it
be動詞は何が入る? (過去形)
1. You study English every day. (下線部をyesterdayに変える)
2. She washed the dishes last night. (否定文に)
3. They did their homework yesterday. (疑問文に)
4. It is sunny today. (下線部をyesterdayに変える)
5. You are happy today. (下線部をlast nightに変えて否定文に)
6. It was hot last week. (疑問文に)
7. I say hello to you. (yesterdayをつけて書き換え)
8. He left Tokyo for New York. (否定文に)
9. She arrived at the station. (疑問文に)
10. Those children are all active. (過去形に)
11. They were good actors. (否定文に)
12. Hiro was sick in bed last Sunday. (疑問文に)
1. Last year she ______ 12 years old, so she ______ 13 years old now.
2. I ______ not in Japan five years ago. I lived in Australia then.
3. A:Where ______ the children?
B:I don’t know. They ______ here two hours ago. 4. My homeroom teacher ______ happy yesterday,
but he ______ angry today.
5. A: ______ you on the baseball team?
B: I ______ on the baseball team last year, but now I ______ in the swimming club.
空欄にbe動詞を入れよう
6. They ______ late for school this morning. Don’t ______ late tomorrow.
7. Where ______ you last night? I didn’t find you at the party. 8. A: What ______ your name?
B: My name ______ Yuta. Nice to meet you. 9. Karen and I went to the same school.
She ______ kind then and she ______ kind now, too. 10. A: How ______ the weather in Tokyo today?
B: It ______ rainy yesterday but it ______ sunny today.
空欄にbe動詞を入れよう
主語 補語 肯定文 否定文 疑問文
I sleepy I was sleepy. I was not
sleepy. Was I sleepy? you surprised he upset she thirsty it important we excited they scared <解答巻末> 27
並び替え((助)動詞は必要に応じて変えよう)
28
1. 私の母は、昨日庭にいました。
•
( be / mother / in / yesterday / my / the garden ).
2. 2日前は、雨ではなかった。
•
( two / rainy / days / it / be / not / ago ).
3. 昨晩、雨は降りませんでした。
•
( rain / it / do / last / not / night ).
4. 彼女は、昨日、庭仕事をしましたか?
•
( work / yesterday / do / she / the garden / in )?
•
?
並び替え((助)動詞は必要に応じて変えよう)
29
5. 先週、雪はふりましたか?
•
( snow / it / last / do / week )?
6. 昨日は、雪でしたか?
•
( snowy / it / yesterday / be )?
7. あなたは放課後、英語の勉強をしなかった。
•
( do / study / school / you / after / not / English ).
8. あなたは放課後、元気だった。
•
( fine / be / school / you / after ).
•
.
並び替え((助)動詞は必要に応じて変えよう)
30
9. 彼女は3年前、音楽の先生になった。
•
( a / three / teacher / years / become / she / ago / music ).
10.あの音楽の先生は、今朝怒っていた。
•
( angry / this / that / morning / music / be / teacher ).
11.彼らは1時間前、公園にはいなかった。
•
( be / in / ago / the park / an / they / hour / not ).
12.私たちはパーティーでとても楽しみました。
•
( a lot of / the party / at / we / fun / have ).
.
• I
play
soccer.
• You
eat
breakfast.
• He
cuts down
trees.
• She
reads
books.
• They
take
a bath
• I
am
a teacher.
• You
are
busy.
• It
is
rainy.
• She
is
kind.
• They
are
doctors.
一
般
動
詞
b
e
動
詞
主語
動詞
現在形
過去形
<解答巻末> 31How’s the weather today?
(晴れ)
(曇り)
(雨)
(雪)
It
is
sunny.
It
is
cloudy.
It
is
rainy.
It
is
snowy.
yesterday(過去)の場合
(主語)
(動詞)
It
rains
.
yesterday.
yesterday.
yesterday.
yesterday.
yesterday.
It
snows
.
yesterday.
動詞のrain / snowの場合は? 例:
It
is
raining
now.
例:
It
is
snowing
now.
32 <解答巻末>
(主語)
(動詞)
Take turns(交代で) to draw cards.
33
Were
you
happy last week?
Yes,
I
was
.
I
was
happy last week.
No,
I
wasn’t
.
I
wasn’t
happy last week.
happy
34
sick
sleepy
sad
happy
busy
hungry
full
angry
fine
bad
tired
scared
thirsty
surprised
bored
Were you happy last week? Yes, I was. I was happy last week.
Make questions
Let’s get the answer
from your partner
three times
!
•Yes, I was.
相手にYes, I was.と答えさせる質問をしよう。
相手にYes, I was.と先に3回言わせたら勝ち。
質問は一問ずつ、交互にすること。
35 参考: 瀧沢広人先生• Were you at school last week?
• Were you at home last night?
• Were you happy this morning?
• Were you busy this morning?
• Were you in Chiba yesterday?
• Were you an elementary school student before?
• Were you in the swimming club before?
• Were you in the baseball club before?
• Were you a baby before?
• Were you born in Japan?
What are your questions?
Make questions
Let’s get the answer
from your partner
three times
!
•No, I wasn’t.
相手にNo, I wasn’t.と答えさせる質問をしよう。
相手にNo, I wasn’t.と先に3回言わせたら勝ち。
質問は一問ずつ、交互にすること。
参考: 瀧沢広人先生 37• Were you in Tokyo last week?
• Were you at school last night?
• Were you sad this morning?
• Were you sick this morning?
• Were you at the library yesterday?
• Were you a high school student before?
• Were you in the swimming club before?
• Were you in the baseball club before?
• Were you sleepy 5 minutes ago?
• Were you born in China?
What were your questions?
原則: 1つの文には１つの動詞
1.
She
had
an iPhone last year.
2.
She
was
a pianist before.
3.
She
was had
an iPhone last year.
4.
She
didn’t
have
an iPhone last year.
5.
She
didn’t
was
a pianist before.
6.
She
was
n’t
have
an iPhone last year.
7.
She
didn’t
a pianist before.
8.
Were
she a pianist before?
9.
She
didn’t
has
an iPhone last year.
10. Was
she
have
an iPhone last year?
39
○ or × ?
解答
<解答巻末>
肯定文
否定文
疑問文
play tennis
I
played
tennis.
I
didn't
play
tennis.
Did
you
play
tennis?
need a pen
I
needed
a pen.
I
didn't
need
a pen.
Did
you
need
a pen?
visit Osaka
I
visited
Osaka.
I
didn't
visit
Osaka.
Did
you
visit
Osaka?
watch TV
I
watched
TV.
I
didn't
watch
TV.
Did
you
watch
TV?
use the room
I
used
the room.
I
didn't
use
the
room.
Did
you
use
the
room?
cook dinner
I
cooked
dinner.
I
didn’t
cook
dinner.
Did
you
cook
dinner?
listen to the
radio
I
listened
to the
radio.
I
didn’t
listen
to
the radio.
Did
you
listen
to
the radio?
42
不規則動詞
原形
過去形
原形
過去形
原形
過去形
begin
began
bring
brought
buy
bought
come
came
do
did
eat
ate
forget
forgot
get
got
give
gave
go
went
have
had
hear
heard
know
knew
leave
left
make
made
meet
met
put
put
read
read
run
ran
say
said
see
saw
sell
sold
send
sent
sing
sang
speak
spoke
swim
swam
take
took
teach
taught
tell
told
write
wrote
※出典: New Treasure Stage1 Lesson9 <解答巻末>
<解答巻末>
肯定文
否定文
疑問文
carry one’s
bag
I
carried
my bag.
I
didn’t
carry
my
bag.
Did
you
carry
your bag?
wash the
dishes
I
washed
the
dishes.
I
didn’t
wash
the
dishes.
Did
you
wash
the dishes?
sing a song
I
sang
a song.
I
didn’t
sing
a
song.
Did
you
sing
a
song?
take a walk
I
took
a walk.
I
didn’t
take
a
walk.
Did
you
take
a
walk?
go to school
I
went
to school.
I
didn’t
go
to
school.
Did
you
go
to
school?
do one’s
homework
I
did
my
homework.
I
didn’t
do
my
homework.
Did
you
do
your
homework?
bring one’s
umbrella
I
brought
my
umbrella.
I
didn’t
bring
my
umbrella.
Did
you
bring
your umbrella?
44
• I answered / didn’t answer the phone last week.
• I washed / didn’t wash my face last week.
• I played / didn’t play the piano last week.
• I watched / didn’t watch TV last week.
• I used / didn’t use a smartphone last week.
• I listened / didn’t listen to music last week.
• I studied / didn’t study last week.
• I talked / didn’t talk with friends last week.
• I had / didn’t have dinner last week.
• I cleaned / didn’t clean the room last week.
• I made / didn’t make dinner last week.
• I went to / didn’t go to the station.
• I opened / didn’t open a textbook last week.
• I looked / didn’t look at the sky last week.
• I spoke / didn’t speak English last week.
• I took / I didn’t take a train last week.
• I got / didn’t get on a bus last week.
• I rode / didn’t ride a bike last week.
• I didn’t read / I read a book last week.
• I swam / didn’t swim last week.
• I put / I didn’t put on a light last week.
• I gave / didn’t give a present last week.
• I ate / didn’t eat lunch last week.
• I went / didn’t go shopping last week.
• I did / didn’t do my homework last week.
• I drew / didn’t draw pictures last week.
• I had / didn’t have a good time last week.
• I played / didn’t play table tennis last week.
• I bought / didn’t buy some books last week.
• I drank / didn’t drink soda last week.
45 <解答巻末>
Day Week Month Year
今日 today 今週 this
week 今月
this
month 今年 this year
昨日 yesterda
y 先週
last
week 先月
last
month 昨年 last year
一昨 日 the day before yesterday 2週間 前 two weeks ago 2ヵ月 前 two months ago 2年前 two years ago 3日前 three days ago 3週間 前 three weeks ago 3ヵ月 前 three months ago 3年前 three years ago <解答巻末> 46
• 今日の朝(今朝) – this morning • 今日の午後 – this afternoon • 今日の夜(今夜) – tonight • 昨日の朝 – yesterday morning • 昨日の午後 – yesterday afternoon • 昨日の夜(昨晩) – last night • 1時間前/2時間前 – an/one hour ago – two hours ago • 1分前/2分前
– a/one minute ago – two minutes ago • この前の週末 – last weekend • この前の日曜日 – last Sunday • 去年の夏 – last summer <解答巻末> 47
1. You study English every day. (下線部をyesterdayに変える)
• You studied English yesterday.
2. She washed the dishes last night. (否定文に)
• She didn’t wash the dishes last night.
3. They did their homework yesterday. (疑問文に)
• Did they do their homework yesterday?
4. It is sunny today. (下線部をyesterdayに変える)
• It was sunny yesterday.
5. You are happy today. (下線部をlast nightに変えて否定文に)
• You weren’t happy last night. 6. It was hot last week. (疑問文に)
• Was it hot last week?
7. I say hello to you. (yesterdayをつけて書き換え)
• I said hello to you yesterday.
8. He left Tokyo for New York. (否定文に)
• He didn’t leave Tokyo for New York. 9. She arrived at the station. (疑問文に)
• Did she arrive at the station?
10. Those children are all active. (過去形に)
• Those children were all active. 11. They were good actors. (否定文に)
• They weren’t good actors.
12. Hiro was sick in bed last Sunday. (疑問文に)
• Was Hiro sick in bed last Sunday?
主語 補語 肯定文 否定文 疑問文
I sleepy I was sleepy. I was not
sleepy. Was I sleepy? you surprised You were
surprised.
You were not
surprised.
Were you
surprised? he upset He was upset. He was not
upset. Was he upset? she thirsty She was thirsty. She was not
thirsty. Was she thirsty? it important It was important. It was not important. Was it important? we excited We were excited. We were not excited. Were we excited? they scared They were
scared.
They were not
scared.
Were they
scared?
並び替え((助)動詞は必要に応じて変えよう)
51
1. 私の母は、昨日庭にいました。
•
( be / mother / in / yesterday / my / the garden ).
•
My mother
was
in the garden yesterday.
2. 2日前は、雨ではなかった。
•
( two / rainy / days / it / be / not / ago ).
•
It
was not
rainy two days ago.
3. 昨晩、雨は降りませんでした。
•
( rain / it / do / last / not / night ).
•
It
did not
rain
last night.
4. 彼女は、昨日、庭仕事をしましたか?
•
( work / yesterday / do / she / the garden / in )?
•
Did she
work
in the garden yesterday?
並び替え((助)動詞は必要に応じて変えよう)
52
5. 先週、雪はふりましたか?
•
( snow / it / last / do / week )?
•
Did it
snow
last week?
6. 昨日は、雪でしたか?
•
( snowy / it / yesterday / be ).
•
Was
it
snowy yesterday?
7. あなたは放課後、英語の勉強をしなかった。
•
( do / study / school / you / after / not / English ).
•
You
did not
study
English after school.
8. あなたは放課後、元気だった。
•
( fine / be / school / you / after ).
•
You
were
fine after school.
並び替え((助)動詞は必要に応じて変えよう)
53
9. 彼女は3年前、音楽の先生になった。
•
( a / three/ teacher / years / become / she / ago ).
•
She
became
a music teacher three years ago.
10.あの音楽の先生は、今朝怒っていた。
•
( angry / this / that / morning / music / be / teacher ).
•
That music teacher
was
angry this morning.
11.彼らは1時間前、公園にはいなかった。
•
( be / in / ago / the park / an / they / hour / not ).
•
They
were not
in the park an hour ago.
12.私たちはパーティーでとても楽しみました。
•
( a lot of / the party / at / we / fun / have ).
•
We
had
a lot of fun at the party.
.
• I
play
soccer.
• You
eat
breakfast.
• He
cuts down
trees.
• She
reads
books.
• They
take
a bath
• I
am
a teacher.
• You
are
busy.
• It
is
rainy.
• She
is
kind.
• They
are
doctors.
一
般
動
詞
b
e
動
詞
主語
動詞
現在形
過去形
• I
played
soccer.
• You
ate
breakfast.
• He
cut down
trees.
• She
read
books.
• They
took
a bath.
• I
was
a teacher.
• You
were
busy.
• It
was
rainy.
• She
was
kind.
• They
were
doctors.
How’s the weather today?
(晴れ)
(曇り)
(雨)
(雪)
It
is
sunny.
It
is
cloudy.
It
is
rainy.
It
is
snowy.
yesterday(過去)の場合
It
was
sunny
It
was
cloudy
It
was
rainy
It
was
snowy
(主語)
(動詞)
It
rains
.
yesterday.
yesterday.
yesterday.
It
rained
yesterday.
yesterday.
It
snows
.
It
snowed
yesterday.
動詞のrain / snowの場合は? 例:
It
is
raining
now.
例:
It
is
snowing
now.
55 <解答巻末>
(主語)
(動詞)
原則: 1つの文には１つの動詞
1.
She
had
an iPhone last year.
2.
She
was
a pianist before.
3.
She
was had
an iPhone last year.
4.
She
didn’t
have
an iPhone last year.
5.
She
didn’t
was
a pianist before.
6.
She
was
n’t
have
an iPhone last year.
7.
She
didn’t
a pianist before.
8.
Were
she a pianist before?
9.
She
didn’t
has
an iPhone last year.
10. Was
she
have
an iPhone last year?
56
