自習に適したプログラミング教育用例題自動生成システム

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(1)Vol.2015-CE-132 No.13 Vol.2015-CLE-17 No.13 2015/12/5. ऴ‫إ‬ϼྸ‫˟ܖ‬ᄂᆮ‫إ‬ԓ IPSJ SIG Technical Report. ᐯ፼ƴᢘƠƨȗȭǰȩȟȳǰ૙Ꮛဇ̊᫆ᐯѣဃ঺ǷǹȆȠ ⱝ㇂ ᙲⰋ1,a). ๓⏣ ฼அ2. ಒᙲ㸸ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᩥἲࡢࡼ࠺࡞▱㆑⩦ᚓࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ, ᐇ㝿࡟ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆసᡂࡍࡿయ㦂 ࡀࡑࡢ⌮ゎ࡟ࡣ㔜せ࡜࡞ࡿ. ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ, ཯㌿ᤵᴗࡢ஦๓Ꮫ⩦ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⮬⩦⎔ቃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿ౛㢟ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࢆ, 1) ᩥἲ⌮ゎࡢࡓࡵࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟, 2) ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛព࿡⌮ゎࡢ ࡓࡵࡢฟຊ᥎ᐃၥ㢟, ࡢ 2 せ⣲࡟㞟⣙ࡋ, ࡑࡢ౛㢟ࢆࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࠿ࡽ⮬ື⏕ᡂࡍࡿ web ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ ࢆ PHP ゝㄒࢆ⏝࠸࡚㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ. ࡉࡽ࡟, ⡆᫆ⓗ࡞ MOOC ࡜⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓᐇ㦂⎔ቃࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ, ࡑࡢホ౯࡟ࡼ ࡾ୍ᐃࡢຠᯝࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ.. 1. ƸơǊƴ. ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥᩍᮦࡢ⮬ື⏕ᡂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿ [3]. ᙼࡽࡢᡭἲࡣ㒊ศⓗ࡟ࡣᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ, 㐠⏝ࡍࡿ. ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࡢᬑཬࡸࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࡢᾐ㏱࡟࡜ࡶ࡞. ᩍဨ࡟㧗࠸ࢫ࢟ࣝ࡜せồࡋ, ᥇Ⅼࡢᡭἲ࡟ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ. ࡲ. ࠸, ᵝࠎ࡞ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀ㌟㏆࡜࡞ࡾ, ࡑ. ࡓ, ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢඛ⾜◊✲࡛ࡣㄢ㢟ࡢ⮬ື᥇Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣྲྀ. ࢀࡽࢆసᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱ࡀᵝࠎ࡞ẁ㝵࡛. ࡾ⤌ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ, ㄢ㢟⮬యࡢ⮬ື⏕ᡂ࡟ࡣࡩࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸. 㔜せ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ. ୍⯡࡟, Java ࡸ C ゝㄒ࡞࡝ࡢࣉࣟ. ࡞࠸ [4], [5].. ࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱࡟࠾࠸࡚, ᩥἲࡸ㛤Ⓨࢶ࣮ࣝࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡔ. ࡑࡇ࡛, ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿ౛㢟ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥ. ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ, ᐇ㝿ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࢆ౛㢟࡞࡝ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚⾜࠸,. ࢢࢆ, 1) ᩥἲ⌮ゎࡢࡓࡵࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟, 2) ࣉࣟ. ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋసᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀゝㄒ⩦ᚓ࡟ࡣᚲせ୙. ࢢ࣒ࣛព࿡⌮ゎࡢࡓࡵࡢฟຊ᥎ᐃၥ㢟, ࡢ 2 せ⣲࡟㞟⣙ࡋ,. ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ.. ⡆༢࡛᥇Ⅼࡀᐜ᫆࡞ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ౛㢟ࡢࡳ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ, ࡑࡢ౛㢟. ୍᪉, ᪂ࡋ࠸ᩍ⫱ࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ MOOC (Mas-. ࢆࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࢆ⏝࠸࡚⮬ື⏕ᡂࡍࡿ web ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙ. sive Open Online Course) ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ཯㌿ᤵᴗ (flip teaching). ࣥࢆ, PHP ゝㄒࢆ⏝࠸࡚㛤Ⓨࡋ, ⡆᫆ⓗ࡞ MOOC ࡜⤌ࡳྜ. ࡀὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ [1]. ཯㌿ᤵᴗ࡛ࡣ, ண⩦࡜ࡋ࡚▱㆑⩦. ࢃࡏ࡚ホ౯ࡍࡿ.. ᚓᆺࡢᏛ⩦ࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡁ, ᩍᐊ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡑࡢ▱㆑ࡢᐃ╔ࢆᅗ. 2. ȗȭǰȩȟȳǰ૙Ꮛᙀя૙஬. ࡿࡓࡵࡢ₇⩦࡞࡝ࢆ⾜࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ. ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱ ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ཯㌿ᤵᴗࢆ㐺⏝ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺ヨࡳࡣ࠶ࡾ, Maher. ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢゝㄒᩍ⫱ࡢᇶᮏࡣᩥἲࡢ⩦ᚓ࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡑ. ࡽࡢᩥ⊩ [2] ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ, web ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ㛤Ⓨࡢᩍ⫱. ࡇ࡛, ᩥἲ⌮ゎࡢ⿵ຓᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚, ࣂࢢࢆྵࡴࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ. ࢆ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥࣅࢹ࢜࡜ࢡࣛࢫ࡛ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ⤌ࡳྜ. Ꮫ⩦⪅࡟ᥦ♧ࡋ, ࡑࢀࢆಟṇࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾṇࡋ࠸ࣉࣟࢢ. ࢃࡏ, ࡑࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ.. ࣒ࣛ࡟ࡍࡿ “ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟” ࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿ. ࡲࡓ,. ๓㏙ࡢ㏻ࡾ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᩥἲࡢࡼ࠺. ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛసᡂ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ, ⮬ࡽࡀ⪃࠼ࡿ࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࡸ. ࡞▱㆑⩦ᚓࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ, ᐇ㝿࡟ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆసᡂࡍࡿయ㦂. ゎἲࢆṇࡋࡃࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿ. ࡑ. ࡀࡑࡢ⌮ゎ࡟ࡣ㔜せ࡜࡞ࡾ, ཯㌿ᤵᴗ࡟㐺⏝ࡍࡿሙྜࡣ, ண. ࡢ⬟ຊࢆᾰ㣴ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟, “ฟຊ᥎ᐃၥ㢟” ࡛ࡣ, ព࿡⌮ゎࡢ. ⩦࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶከࡃࡢ౛㢟ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠺ᶵ఍ࡀᚲせ. ⿵ຓᩍᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚, ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᐇ⾜ࡉࡏࡎ࡟࡝. ࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡋ࠿ࡋ, ౛㢟ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࢆᏛ⩦⪅ࡀ⮬ศ࡛᥇. ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᣲືࢆࡍࡿ࠿ࢆ᥎ᐃࡋ, ⏬㠃࡟⾲♧ࡉࢀࡿ್ࢆ⟅. Ⅼࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋࡃ, ࡲࡓ, ከࡃࡢ౛㢟ࢆணࡵసᡂࡍࡿࡢࡶ. ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᏛ⩦⪅࡟ࡉࡏࡿ. ࡞࠾, ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ, C ゝㄒࡢࣉ. ࢥࢫࢺࡀ኱ࡁ࠸. ୍᪉, Radoˇsević ࡽࡣ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ. ࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱࡛ࡢᐇ⿦౛ࢆ♧ࡍࡀ, ᮏᡭἲࡣ௚ࡢࣉࣟ. 1. ࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢゝㄒ࡛ࡶᐜ᫆࡟㐺⏝ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡲࡓ, ࣉࣟࢺࢱ. 2. a). ⏥༡኱Ꮫ Konan University, Okamoto, Kobe 658–8501, Japan 㜰༡኱Ꮫ Hannan University, Amami Higashi, Matsubara, Osaka 580–8502, Japan [email protected]. ⓒ 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan. ࢖ࣉࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ, http://pplinux.is.konan-u.ac.jp/rccE.html ࡟ ࠾࠸࡚࠶ࡿ.. 1.

(2) Vol.2015-CE-132 No.13 Vol.2015-CLE-17 No.13 2015/12/5. ऴ‫إ‬ϼྸ‫˟ܖ‬ᄂᆮ‫إ‬ԓ IPSJ SIG Technical Report. (a) Initial view. (b) Program with errors. (c) Debug completion. (d) Next program ‫׋‬1. ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟. Fig. 1 Syntax practice. 2.1 ȗȭǰȩȠȇȐȃǰբ᫆. ࠸ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟࡞ࡿ (ᅗ 1 (c)). ࡉࡽ࡟Ꮫ⩦ࢆ⥆ࡅࡿሙྜࡣ,. 2.1.1 ಒᙲ. “next program” ࣎ࢱࣥࢆࢡࣜࢵࢡࡍࡿ࡜, ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣂࢢ࠶ࡾࣉ. ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟ࡢ⿵ຓᩍᮦࡣ, ᩥἲ⌮ゎࡢᐃ╔. ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀ⾲♧ࡉࢀࡿ (ᅗ 1 (d)). ࡞࠾, ᪂ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟ࢆᥦ♧. ࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࣂࢢࢆྵࡴࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢࢹࣂࢵࢢࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ. ࡍࡿ㝿࡟, ࣂࢢ⋡ (ratio of bugs) ࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ, ࣂࢢ. ⾜࠸, ᩥἲ⌮ゎࡢ㛫㐪࠸ࢆಟṇࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿ. ᅗ 1. ࡢྵ᭷⋡ࢆኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ. ࣂࢢ⋡ࢆ 0 ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜ࣂࢢ. ࡟ᮏ⿵ຓᩍᮦࡢᐇ⾜⏬㠃ࢆ♧ࡍ.. ࡢ↓࠸ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀᥦ♧ࡉࢀ, 100 ࡟ࡍࡿ࡜, ௨㝆࡛㏙࡭ࡿ. ᮏ⿵ຓᩍᮦ࡛ࡣ, ࡲࡎ, ୰ኸࡢᯟෆ࡟ࣂࢢࢆྵࡴࣉࣟࢢࣛ. ࣂࢢࡢࡍ࡭࡚ࡣྵࡲࢀࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜࡞ࡿ. ࡋ࠿ࡋ, ࣂࢢ⋡. ࣒౛ࡀ⾲♧ࡉࢀࡿ (ᅗ 1 (a)). ࡇࡢࡲࡲ “compile check” ࣎. ࡀ㧗㐣ࡂࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࢀࡤ, ᮏ᮶ࡢṇࡋ࠸ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ. ࢱࣥࢆࢡࣜࢵࢡࡍࡿ࡜, ࢥࣥࣃ࢖࢚࣮ࣝࣛࡀ⾲♧ࡉࢀࡿ (ᅗ. ࡀぢ࠼࡙ࡽࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࢹࣇ࢛ࣝࢺࡣ 8 ࡟タᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ.. 1 (b)). Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡣ, ⌮ゎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᩥἲ▱㆑࡜࢚࣮࣓ࣛࢵࢭ࣮. 2.1.2 ૙Ꮛјௐ. ࢪࢆཧ↷ࡋ࡚ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆಟṇࡋ, ࢚࣮ࣛࡀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡲ࡛. ࢹࣂࢵࢢ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ, ࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣛࡢ࢚࣮࣓ࣛࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆ. ࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࢆ⥆ࡅ, ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࣂࢢࡀ↓ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜ᩥἲⓗ࡟ṇࡋ. ฼⏝ࡍࡿ. ᩥἲࡢ⌮ゎࡣ࢚࣮࣓ࣛࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ࡟㢗ࡽ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡍ. ⓒ 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan. 2.

(3) Vol.2015-CE-132 No.13 Vol.2015-CLE-17 No.13 2015/12/5. ऴ‫إ‬ϼྸ‫˟ܖ‬ᄂᆮ‫إ‬ԓ IPSJ SIG Technical Report. $vn=array(”i0”,”j0”,”asum”,”bmax”,”cmin”,. $p[$i]= ”#include <stdio.h>. ”dx”,”ex”,”fy”,”cmax”,”height”,”k”,”bmin”,. int main(void){. ”bsum”,”num”,”ok”,”p1”,”q1”,”r0”,”s”,”t”,. float v0;. ”uu”,”vv”,”width”,”x”,”y”,”z”);. int v1, v2, a0[20];. $an=array(”zz”,”yy”,”xx”,”wvec”,”vvec”,. v0= v1+ v2+ a0[2];. ”uvec”,”t”,”s”,”r”,”q”,”p”,”o”,”n”,”m”,”l”,. return 0; }”;. ”k”,”j”,”i”,”h”,”g”,”f”,”e”,”d”,”c”,”b”,”a”); (b) Name list #include <stdio.h>. (a) Program template. $sp[$i][0]=”stdio.h”;. int main(void){. $rp[$i][0][0]=”float”;. single y;. $rp[$i][0][1]=”single”;. int z,dx,d[20];. $rp[$i][1][0]=”;”;. y=k+dx+g[2]:. $rp[$i][1][1]=”:”;. return 0; (c) Bug information. } (d) Generated program ‫׋‬2. ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟ࡢ PHP ࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺ. Fig. 2 PHP script for syntax practice. ࡭ࡁ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡶ࠶ࡿࡀ, ᐇ㊶ⓗሙ㠃࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ, ࣉࣟࢢ. 㛫㐪࠼ࢆ⾜࠺ᩥᏐิࡢ୍ぴࢆグ㍕ࡍࡿ. ౛࠼ࡤ, stdio.h ࡛. ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࡣࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣛࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᬑ㏻࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡋࡓ. ࠶ࢀࡤ, 㐺ᙜ࡟ᩥᏐࢆ๐㝖ࡋࡓࡾᤄධࡋࡓࡾࡋ࡚, stdi.h ࡸ. ࡀࡗ࡚, ࢚࣮࣓ࣛࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆཧ⪃࡟, ṇࡋ࠸ᩥἲ࡬ኚ᭦ࡍࡿ. stdiio.h ࡢࡼ࠺࡞᭩ࡁ㛫㐪࠼ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ. ୍᪉, “rp”. ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ, ⌮ゎࡋ㛫㐪࠼࡚࠸ࡓᩥἲࢆṇࡋࡃ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡿ. ࡛㛤ጞࡍࡿ㓄ิ࡟ࡣᩥᏐࡢ᭩ࡁ㛫㐪࠼ࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆᣦᐃࡋ. ࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ. ࡲࡓ, ࣂࢢ⋡ࢆኚ᭦࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛, ࡼࡾ῝࠸⌮ゎ. ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡇࢀࡣ, ࡼࡃ࠶ࡿ᭩ࡁ㛫㐪࠼ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ. ࢆࡋࡓ࠸ሙྜࡣ, ࣂࢢ⋡ࢆ࠶ࡆ࡚ᩍ⫱ຠᯝࡢຠ⋡ࢆྥୖࡍ. ᣦᐃࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛, ౛࠼ࡤ, ࢥࣟࣥ࡜ࢭ࣑ࢥࣟࣥࡢ᭩ࡁ㛫㐪࠼. ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ. ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜ࡼࡾ, ᩍᮦࢆㄞࡴࡔࡅ࡛ᩥ. ࡸ, float ࡜ single ࡢぬ࠼㛫㐪࠼, ࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢚࣮ࣛ࡟ᑐᛂࡋࡓ. ἲࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ, ୍ᐃࡢᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞౛㢟ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛ. ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ.. ࣥࢢࢆㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ, ᩥἲࡢᐃ╔ࡀᅗࢀࡿ࡜. Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡀᥦ♧ࡉࢀࡓࣂࢢ࠶ࡾࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆಟṇࡋࡓᚋ,. ᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿ.. ࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺࡣಟṇᚋࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆࣘࢽ࣮ࢡ࡞ࣇ࢓࢖ࣝྡ࡛. 2.1.3 ܱᘺ૾ඥ. ಖᏑࡋ, ࢧ࣮ࣂෆࡢࢥࣥࣃ࢖࡛ࣛࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡋ, ࡑࡢࢥࣥࣃ. ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣ PHP ゝㄒࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ web ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ. ࢖ࣛ࠿ࡽࡢ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆᏛ⩦⪅ࡢࣈࣛ࢘ࢨ࡟㏉ಙࡍࡿ. ࢥ. ࠶ࡿࡀ, ඲࡚ࡢၥ㢟ࢆணࡵ⏝ពࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ, ඖ࡜࡞. ࣥࣃ࢖ࣛ࠿ࡽࡢ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤಟṇࡀ⤊஢ࡋࡓ࡜ࡋ. ࡿࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜ࡑࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆࣂࢢࢆྵࡴ. ࡚, “OK” ࡢᩥᏐิࢆ㏉ࡍ. ࡞࠾, ౑⏝ࡍࡿࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣛࡣ C. ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᣦ♧ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝ពࡋ, Ꮫ⩦⪅࠿ࡽせồ. ࢥࣥࣃ࢖࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿࡀ, ࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣛࢆኚ᭦ࡋ, ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࣉ. ࡟ᚑ࠸, ᐇ⾜᫬࡟ࣂࢢ࠶ࡾࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ.. ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡞࡝ࢆኚ᭦ࡍࡿ࡜, C ゝㄒ௨እ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡶᐜ࡛᫆,. ᅗ 2 ࡟ PHP ࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺࡢ୍㒊࡜⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ. ᖜᗈ࠸ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱࡟฼⏝ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ.. ౛ࢆ♧ࡍ. ࡲࡎ, ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࡜࡞ࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣ, ኚᩘྡ ཬࡧ㓄ิྡࢆ “ ” ࡛㛤ጞࡍࡿྡ๓࡛グ㍕ࡋ, ᐇ⾜᫬࡟ name. 2.2 Јщਖ਼‫ܭ‬բ᫆. list ࡟࠶ࡿྡ๓ೃ⿵࠿ࡽࣛࣥࢲ࣒࡟ᙜ࡚ࡣࡵࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿ (ᅗ. 2.2.1 ಒᙲ. 2 (a), (b)). ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾ, Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡣྠࡌࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚. ฟຊ᥎ᐃၥ㢟ࡢ⿵ຓᩍᮦࡣ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢព࿡⌮ゎࢆᅗ. ࡶྠࡌࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁ࡟ࡃࡃ, ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋᏛ. ࡿࡓࡵ࡟⤖ᯝฟຊࡢண ࢆ⾜࠸, ṇࡋ࠸ព࿡ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ. ⩦࡟㐺ࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟࡞ࡿ. ࡞࠾, ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࡣᩥἲ. ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿ. ᅗ 3 ࡟ᮏ⿵ຓᩍᮦࡢᐇ⾜⏬㠃ࢆ♧ࡍ.. ⌮ゎࡢ㐍ᗘ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚సᡂࡋ, ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ౛㢟ࡢࣂ࢚࣮ࣜ. ᮏ⿵ຓᩍᮦ࡛ࡣ, ࡲࡎ, ୰ኸࡢᯟෆ࡟ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀ⾲♧ࡉ. ࢩࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵ࡟, 10 ࠿ࡽ 20 ಶ⛬ᗘࡢ」ᩘࡢࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ. ࢀࡿ (ᅗ 3 (a)). Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡣࡇࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆㄞࡳ, ࡑࡢព࿡ࢆ. ࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿ.. ⌮ゎࡋࡓୖ࡛ printf 㛵ᩘࡢฟຊࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ. ᥎ᐃࡋࡓ್ࢆ. ࡲࡓ, ࣂࢢࡢ⏕ᡂ᪉ἲࡣ 3 ✀㢮࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ. ࡲࡎ, ๓. ᅇ⟅ḍ࡟グධᚋ, “check” ࣎ࢱࣥࢆࢡࣜࢵࢡࡍࡿ࡜, ᐇ⾜⤖. ㏙ࡢ㏻ࡾ, ኚᩘྡཬࡧ㓄ิྡࡣᐇ⾜᫬࡟ᙜ࡚ࡣࡵࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ. ᯝ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࡀ⾲♧ࡉࢀࡿ (ᅗ 3 (b)). ⾲♧ࡉࢀࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ. ࡿࡀ, ࡇࡢᙜ࡚ࡣࡵࢆࣛࣥࢲ࣒࡟ኚ᭦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛, ᮍᐉゝኚ. ࡟ࡣ, 㛵ᩘࡢ෌ᖐ࿧ࡧฟࡋࢆྵࡴࡶࡢࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ᬯ⟬࡛ࡢ. ᩘ࡞࡝ࡢ࢚࣮ࣛࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ. ᅗ 2 (a) ࡟ࡣ 2 ✀㢮ࡢࣃࢱ࣮. ᅇ⟅ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢព࿡ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿ. ࣥࡀグ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ. “sp” ࡛㛤ጞࡍࡿ㓄ิ࡟ࡣᩥᏐࡢ᭩ࡁ. ⬟ຊࡢᾰ㣴ࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ.. ⓒ 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan. 3.

(4) Vol.2015-CE-132 No.13 Vol.2015-CLE-17 No.13 2015/12/5. ऴ‫إ‬ϼྸ‫˟ܖ‬ᄂᆮ‫إ‬ԓ IPSJ SIG Technical Report. (a) Initial view. (b) Result guess ‫׋‬3. ฟຊ᥎ᐃၥ㢟. Fig. 3 Semantic practice. ࡞࠾, ၥ㢟ࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱタᐃ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ, ࢮࣟ๭⟬ࡸ࣓ࣔࣜ. ࣉࢺࡣࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆࣘࢽ࣮ࢡ࡞ࣇ࢓࢖ࣝྡ࡛ಖᏑࡋ, ࢧ࣮. ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࢚࣮ࣛ࡞࡝ࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛, ᐇ⾜. ࣂෆࡢࢥࣥࣃ࢖࡛ࣛࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣝࡋ࡚ᐇ⾜ࡋࡓࡢࡕ, ᐇ⾜⤖. ᫬ࡢ࢚࣮ࣛࡀ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟␃ពࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ.. ᯝ࡜Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡢẚ㍑ࢆᏛ⩦⪅ࡢࣈࣛ࢘ࢨ࡟㏉ಙࡍࡿ.. 2.2.2 ૙Ꮛјௐ. ࡞࠾, ౑⏝ࡍࡿࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣛࡣ C ࢥࣥࣃ࢖࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿࡀ, ࢥࣥࣃ. ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࡸ᮲௳ศᒱ, 㛵ᩘ࿧ࡧฟࡋ࡟ࡼࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ. ࢖ࣛࢆኚ᭦ࡋ, ࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡞࡝ࢆኚ᭦ࡍࡿ࡜,. ືసࢆᢕᥱࡋ, ព࿡ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣṇࡋ࠸ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛస. ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟࡜ྠᵝ࡟, C ゝㄒ௨እ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡶ. ᡂ࡟Ḟ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸せ⣲࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡇࡢ౛㢟࡟ṇࡋ࠸ᅇ⟅ࢆ୚࠼. ᐜ࡛᫆, ᮏ⿵ຓᩍᮦࡶᖜᗈ࠸ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱࡟฼⏝ྍ. ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ, Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡣࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢືసࢆ⪃࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶. ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ.. ࡾ, ព࿡⌮ゎࢆྥୖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ. ࡲࡓ, ኚᩘྡࡸᐃᩘ. ࡞࠾, ๓㏙ࡢ㏻ࡾ, ᩥᏐิࡢ⨨ࡁ᥮࠼࡟ࡼࡾࢮࣟ๭⟬ࡸ࣓. ࡞࡝ࢆ㝶᫬ኚ᭦ࡋ, ᬯ⟬࡛ࡶィ⟬ྍ⬟࡞ࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ࡟࡞ࡿ. ࣔࣜ࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࢚࣮ࣛ࡞࡝ࡢᐇ⾜᫬࢚࣮ࣛࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶ. ࡼ࠺࡞౛㢟ࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ, ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ౛㢟ࢆ⾜࠼, ᩍ. ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛, ࢫࢡࣜࣉࢺࢆసᡂࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟ࢆ. ⫱ຠᯝࡶྥୖࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ.. ⏕ࡌࡉࡏ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ㑅ᢥ࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟␃ពࡍࡿ. 2.2.3 ܱᘺ૾ඥ. ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ.. ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣ PHP ゝㄒࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ web ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟࡜ྠᵝࡢసᡂ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡾ, ඲࡚ࡢ ၥ㢟ࢆணࡵ⏝ពࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ, ࣂ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥࡢ࠶. 3. ᬴ܱƱᎋ‫ݑ‬ 3.1 ᬴ܱ૾ඥ. ࡿၥ㢟ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟, ඖ࡜࡞ࡿࢸࣥࣉ࣮ࣞࢺࣉࣟࢢࣛ ࣒࡜⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ⏝ពࡋ, Ꮫ⩦⪅࠿ࡽせồ࡟ᚑ࠸, ᐇ⾜᫬࡟ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ. ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟࡜ྠᵝ࡟, ኚᩘྡࡸ㓄ิྡࡣ. name list ࡢ୰࠿ࡽࣛࣥࢲ࣒࡟㑅ࡤࢀࡿ. ౛࠼ࡤ, val1 ࡣ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ࡜, val2 ࡣ 4, 5, 6 ࡜ᐇ⾜᫬࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡽࢀ, 」ᩘࡢࣃ ࢱ࣮ࣥࡢၥ㢟ࡀ⏕ᡂ࡛ࡁࡿ. ࡲࡓ. ₇⟬Ꮚࡸ if ᩥࡢ᮲௳࡞ ࡝ࡶ⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿ. ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾ, Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡣྠࡌࢸࣥ ࣉ࣮ࣞࢺ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶྠࡌࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁ࡟ ࡃࡃ, ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋᏛ⩦࡟㐺ࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟࡞ࡿ. ᥦ♧ࡉࢀࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢฟຊࢆᏛ⩦⪅ࡀ᥎ᐃᚋ, ࢫࢡࣜ. ⓒ 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan. ‫׋‬4. ᐇ㦂⎔ቃ. Fig. 4 Evaluation environment. 4.

(5) Vol.2015-CE-132 No.13 Vol.2015-CLE-17 No.13 2015/12/5. ऴ‫إ‬ϼྸ‫˟ܖ‬ᄂᆮ‫إ‬ԓ IPSJ SIG Technical Report ᘙ1. ホ౯ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ, ၥ㢟ࡢᑐ㇟ࢆỴࡵ, 1) ஦๓Ꮫ⩦ (⣙ 12 ศ),. ホ౯⤖ᯝ. Table 1 Evaluation results. 2) ஦๓ࢸࢫࢺ (10 ศ), 3) ౛㢟࡟ࡼࡿᏛ⩦ (8 ศ (ᩥἲ⌮ゎ)+7 ศ (ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛព࿡⌮ゎ)), 4) ஦ᚋࢸࢫࢺ (10 ศ) ࡜ࡋ, ஦๓. Syntax post. pre. post. 1. 44.4%. 55.6%. 0.0%. 0.0%. 2. 33.3%. 44.4%. 0.0%. 0.0%. 3. 33.3%. 44.4%. 0.0%. 25.0%. 4. 44.4%. 55.6%. 25.0%. 25.0% 50.0%. ࢸࢫࢺ࡜஦ᚋࢸࢫࢺࡢ⤖ᯝࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡚, ౛㢟࡟ࡼࡿᏛ⩦ࡢ ຠᯝࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ. ホ౯ᐇ㦂࡛ᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿၥ㢟ࡣᩘ್✚ศࡢ C ゝㄒࣉࣟࢢࣛ 1 ࣒࡛, ஦๓ࢸࢫࢺࡣ f (x) = n ࡢᩘ್✚ศࡢ C ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ x ᚋ㏙ࡢ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢࣂࢢࢆྵࢇࡔࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ, ஦ᚋࢸࢫࢺࡣ஦๓ ࢸࢫࢺࡼࡾࡶ」㞧ࡉࡀⱝᖸቑࡍࡼ࠺࡟, f (x) = xn (n = 1...10) 1 n+1 ࡢᩘ್✚ศ࡜ F(x) = (n = 1...10) ࡢ୙ᐃ✚ศࢆ x n+1 ⏝࠸ࡓ✚ศィ⟬ࢆ⾜࠺ C ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ. ஦ᚋࢸࢫ. Semantics. pre. 5. 0.0%. 22.2%. 50.0%. 6. 44.4%. 55.6%. 0.0%. 0.0%. 7. 88.9%. 88.9%. 25.0%. 25.0%. total. 41.3%. 50.8%. 14.3%. 20.8%. ࢺࢆⱝᖸ」㞧࡟ࡋࡓࡢࡣ, ஦๓ࢸࢫࢺ࡛ᩘ್✚ศࡢࣉࣟࢢ ࣒ࣛࡢ⌮ゎࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ, ྠ⛬ᗘࡢ㞴ࡋࡉ࡛࠶. (syntax) ࡢࣂࢢࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ 9 ಶࡢ୰࠿ࡽṇࡋࡃಟṇ᪉ἲ. ࢀࡤ஦ᚋࢸࢫࢺࡢ᪉ࡀ⡆༢࡟ぢ࠼ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶. ࢆ♧ࡉࢀࡓ๭ྜ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛព࿡⌮ゎ (semantics) ࡢࣂࢢࡢ. ࡿ. ஦๓ࢸࢫࢺ࡛⏝࠸ࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣ 40 ⾜࡛, ஦ᚋࢸࢫࢺ. ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ 4 ಶࡢ୰࠿ࡽṇࡋࡃಟṇ᪉ἲࢆ♧ࡉࢀࡓ๭ྜࢆ. ࡣ 50 ⾜࡛࠶ࡿ.. ♧ࡍ.. ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢸࢫࢺࡣᩥἲ⌮ゎ (syntax) ࡜ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛព࿡. ࡲࡎ, ᩥἲ⌮ゎ (syntax) ཬࡧࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛព࿡⌮ゎ (seman-. ⌮ゎ (semantics) ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢࣂࢢࢆ௜ຍࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ,. tics) ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ, ඲యⓗ࡟ࡣ஦๓ࢸࢫࢺ (pre) ࡼࡾࡶ஦ᚋ. ࡑࡢᣦ᦬࡜ಟṇ᪉ἲࢆၥ࠺ࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ. syntax ࡢࣂ. ࢸࢫࢺ (post) ࡢ᪉ࡀᡂ⦼ࡀ࢔ࢵࣉࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ, ౛㢟ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ. ࢢ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ, 1) stdio.h ࡢ⥛ࡾ㛫㐪࠸, 2) define ᩥࡢࢭ࣑ࢥ. Ꮫ⩦ࡢຠᯝࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ. ṇゎ⋡ࡣ semantics ࡼࡾࡶ syn-. ࣟࣥ, 3) 㛵ᩘࡢ௬ᘬᩘ୪ࡧ࡟ࢭ࣑ࢥࣟࣥ௜ຍ, 4) 」ᩘࡢኚᩘ. tax ࡢ᪉ࡀ㧗࠸. syntax ࡢ㛫㐪࠸ࡣᩥᏐࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆぢࡿࡔ. ᐉゝࡢ࣐࢝ࣥᛀࢀ, 5) integer ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ, 6) for ᩥࡢ᮲௳ࡢ. ࡅ࡛Ẽ࡙ࡃࡶࡢࡀከ࠸. ౛࠼ࡤ, “int main (void;)” ࡸ. ୰ࡢ᭱ᚋ࡟ࢭ࣑ࢥࣟࣥ௜ຍ, 7) ᩥᮎ࡟ࢥࣟࣥ௜ຍ, 8) ᩥᮎࡢ. “for(i=0;i<DIV NUM+1;i++;)” ࡣ, ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟ C ゝㄒࣉࣟ. ࢭ࣑ࢥࣟࣥᛀࢀ, 9) ᮍᐃ⩏₇⟬Ꮚࡢ౑⏝ࡢ㛫㐪࠸ࢆ௜ຍࡋ. ࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿேࡣࡍࡄ࡟Ẽ࡙ࡃࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡲ. ࡚࠸ࡿ. ࡲࡓ, semantics ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ, 1) 㛵ᩘࡢ௬ᘬᩘ࡜㛵ᩘ. ࡓ, “integer i;” ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡣ, ௚ࡢゝㄒ (౛࠼ࡤ FOR-. ෆࡢኚᩘྡࡢ࣑ࢫ࣐ࢵࢳ, 2) printf ᩥࡢ᭩ᘧࡢ࣑ࢫ࣐ࢵࢳ,. TRAN) ࡞࡝࡟ࡶ▱㆑ࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣ, ࠿࠼ࡗ࡚ぢⴠ࡜ࡍሙྜ. 3) for ᩥࡢ᮲௳ࡢ࣑ࢫ࣐ࢵࢳ 1(< ࠿ <= ࠿), 4) for ᩥࡢ᮲௳. ࡀ࠶ࡿ. ࡯ࡰ඲࡚ࡢ⿕㦂⪅࡟࠾࠸࡚, ஦๓ࢸࢫࢺࡼࡾࡶ஦. ࡢ࣑ࢫ࣐ࢵࢳ 2(+1 ࡍࡿ࠿ྰ࠿) ࡢ㛫㐪࠸ࢆ௜ຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ.. ᚋࢸࢫࢺࡢ᪉ࡀᡂ⦼ࡀ࠶ࡀࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢ. ஦๓Ꮫ⩦ࡢࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶࡣ powerpoint ࢆ⏝࠸࡚సᡂࡍࡿ. ෆᐜࡣᩘ್✚ศࡢㄝ᫂࡜ C ゝㄒࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࡢᴫせ, ≉. ၥ㢟ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᩥἲ⌮ゎࡢᏛ⩦ࡣ▷᫬㛫 (8 ศ) ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㧗 ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ.. ࡟஦๓ࢸࢫࢺཬࡧ஦ᚋࢸࢫࢺ࡛ၥࢃࢀࡿෆᐜ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㒊ศ. ୍᪉, semantics ࡢሙྜࡣ, ῝ࡃࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⌮ゎࡋ࡞࠸. ࢆᙉㄪࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡍࡿ. powerpoint ࡢࣀ࣮ࢺ㒊ศ࡟ႅࡿᩥ. ࡜ࣂࢢࡣぢࡘࡅ࡟ࡃ࠸. ౛࠼ࡤ, ᩘ್✚ศࢆࡍࡿ⠊ᅖࢆ. ゝࢆグ㏙ࡋ, STORM Maker ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⮬ືⓗ࡟㡢ኌྜᡂࡋࡓ. DIV NUM ಶ࡟ศ๭ࡋ, ࡑࡢྜィࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿ㒊ศࡢ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ. web ࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ. ࡲࡓ, ஦๓Ꮫ⩦, ஦๓ࢸࢫࢺ, ౛. ࡟ “for(i=0;i<DIV NUM+1;i++;)” ࡜グ㍕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ, ᐇ. 㢟Ꮫ⩦ཬࡧ஦ᚋࢸࢫࢺ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿᐇ㦂ࢩࢼࣜ࢜ࢆ Javascript. 㝿ࡣ “for(i=0;i<DIV NUM;i++)” ࡜ಟṇࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ. ࡋ. ࡛グ㏙ࡋ, Chrome ࡟ෆⶶࡢ㡢ኌྜᡂᶵ⬟࡟ࡼࡾ࢞࢖ࢲࣥࢫ. ࠿ࡋ, ࢸࢫࢺ᫬㛫ࡀ 10 ศ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡑࡇࡲ࡛ࡢ⌮ゎ࡟⮳ࡿ. ࡀ㡢ኌྜᡂࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓ web ࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ.. ๓࡟᫬㛫ษࢀ࡟࡞ࡗࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ. ஦ᚋࢸࢫࢺ࡛ᡂ⦼ࡀ. ᅗ 4 ࡟஦๓Ꮫ⩦ࢆ⾲♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ web ࣮࣌ࢪࡢ౛ࢆ♧ࡍ.. ୖࡀࡗࡓ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ୍ே࡛࠶ࡾ, ᪂ࡓ࡟ぢࡘࡅࡽࢀࡓࣂࢢࡣ. ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ, C ゝㄒࡣ୍㏻ࡾᏛࢇࡔ⏨ᏊᏛ⏕ (21 ᡯࡶࡋࡃ. printf ᩥࡢ᭩ᘧࡢࣂࢢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ. ඲యࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚, for ᩥࡢ᮲௳. ࡣ 22 ᡯ)7 ྡ࡜ࡍࡿ. ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ᪤࡟ C ゝㄒࡣᒚಟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ. ࡢ࣑ࢫ࣐ࢵࢳࡢࣂࢢࢆぢࡘࡅࡓ⿕㦂⪅ࡣ࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓ. ῝࠸. ࡀ, ᒚಟᚋࡢ C ゝㄒࡢ౑⏝㢖ᗘࡣ㧗ࡃ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛, ௒ᅇࡢᐇ㦂. ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ⌮ゎࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢ౛㢟ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ⏕ᡂ᪉ἲ. ࡢ㛤ጞ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶᩥἲ⌮ゎࡀᐃ╔ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺. ࡟ࡣ௒ᚋࡉࡽ࡞ࡿᕤኵࢆᚲせ࡜ࡋ, syntax ࡜ semantics ࡢᏛ. ≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡿ.. ⩦ࡢ᫬㛫ࡢ㓄ศࡶ௒ᚋࡢ᳨ウ஦㡯࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ.. 3.2 ኽௐƱᎋ‫ݑ‬. 4. ƓǘǓƴ. ⾲ 1 ࡟ホ౯ᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡿ஦๓ࢸࢫࢺ (pre) ࡜஦ᚋࢸࢫࢺ. ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿ౛㢟ࣉࣟࢢࣛ. (post) ࡛ࡢṇ⟅⋡ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍ. ࡞࠾, ṇ⟅⋡ࡣ, ᩥἲ⌮ゎ. ࣑ࣥࢢࢆ, 1) ᩥἲ⌮ゎࡢࡓࡵࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢹࣂࢵࢢၥ㢟, 2) ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛព࿡⌮ゎࡢࡓࡵࡢฟຊ᥎ᐃၥ㢟, ࡢ 2 せ⣲࡟㞟. ⓒ 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan. 5.

(6) ऴ‫إ‬ϼྸ‫˟ܖ‬ᄂᆮ‫إ‬ԓ IPSJ SIG Technical Report. Vol.2015-CE-132 No.13 Vol.2015-CLE-17 No.13 2015/12/5. ⣙ࡋ, ࡑࢀࢆ PHP ゝㄒࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ web ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ ࡚㛤Ⓨࡋ, ࡑࡢணഛホ౯࡟ࡼࡾ୍ᐃࡢຠᯝࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ. ௒ᚋࡣ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢព࿡⌮ゎࡢ౛㢟ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟ࡘ࠸ ࡚෌⪃ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟, ᩥἲ⌮ゎ࡜ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢព࿡⌮ゎ ࡢ᫬㛫㓄ศࡢ᳨ウࢆ⾜࠺. ࡲࡓ, MOOC ࡜ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡟ ࡼࡿᐇ⏝ⓗ࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡜ࡋ࡚ᵓ⠏ࡋ, ᐇ㝿ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥ ࢢᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐇドⓗ࡞ᐇ㦂ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡁ, ࡉࡽ࡟, C ゝㄒ௨ እࡢゝㄒ࡬ࡶ㐺⏝⠊ᅖࢆᗈࡆ, ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᩍ⫱࡬㈉⊩ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ.. ᜓᠴ ᮏ◊✲ࡢ୍㒊ࡣ JSPS ⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝ (ᇶ┙◊✲ (C) 15K00501,. 2015-2017) ཬࡧ⚾❧኱Ꮫ➼⤒ᖖ㈝⿵ຓ㔠≉ู⿵ຓࠕ኱Ꮫ㛫㐃ᦠ➼࡟ࡼࡿඹྠ◊✲ࠖ࡟ࡼࡿ㸬 Ӌᎋ૨ྂ [1]. [2]. [3]. [4]. [5]. J. Wesley Baker, “The “Classroom Flip”: using web course management tools to become the guide by the side,” in Proc. 11th International Conference on College Teaching and Learning, pp. 9-17, 2000. M. Maher, H. Lipford and V. Singh, “Flipped classroom strategies using online videos,” http://maryloumaher.net/Pubs/2013pdf/Flipped-StrategiesCEI-Report.pdf, 2013. D. Radoˇsević, T. Orehovaˇcki and Z. Stapić, “Automatic online generation of student’s exercises in teaching programming,” in Proc. Central European Conference on Information and Intelligent Systems, CD-ROM, 7 pages, 2010. S. Gupta and S. Dubey, “Automatic assessment of programming assignment,” Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 315-322, 2012. R. Queirós, J. Leal, S. Gupta and S. Dubey, “Programming exercises evaluation systems: an interoperability survey,” in Proc. 4th International Conference on Computer Supported Education, pp. 83-94, 2012.. ⓒ 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan. 6.

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