ᗂඣᮇ࠾ࡅࡿ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ⎔ቃᵓᡂࡘ࠸࡚
̿ᩍᮦ࡛࠶ࡿ⣲ᮦࡢ≧ែࡢኚᏊࡶࡢ⾲⌧㐟ࡧࡢᗈࡀࡾࢆどⅬ̿
῝ᑿ ⚽୍*
㈡▷ᮇᏛ ᗂඣᩍ⫱ಖ⫱Ꮫ⛉
Clay Play and Environmental Composition in Early Childhood
From the viewpoint of changes in the state of teaching material resources and the expansion of children's expression in play.
Hidekazu FUKAO*
Department of Early Childhood Care and Education, Shiga Junior College
Abstract: The basis of early childhood education is “play”. Children develop the strength and knowledge to live through play. Speaking of play, it has become less common in urban areas to see children being scolded by their parents for becoming muddy by playing outside. The scene of a child covered in mud in an urban area is probably a result of the child being told to do so by someone or by a kindergarten. It is speculated that there is a big difference between the children's developing the strength and knowledge to live through their own original play and when that strength and knowledge is taught to them through education.
However, it can be said that in an educational institution is the only place where children can experience activities like playing in mud in a modern urban environment. Mud play is now considered to be an important activity included in kindergarten and nursery school programs. Clay, which is indispensable for playing with mud, is very plastic and suitable for art. However, it is difficult to use and handle as a teaching material.
This paper considers children's play with clay and how to handle clay, based on the results of a review of research in 2017 and 2018, and the results of a survey of practical activities conducted in a kindergarten in 2019. Keywords: clay, clay play activities, teaching material, handling
㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ
ᗂඣᩍ⫱ࡢᇶᮏࡣࠕ㐟ࡧ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋᏊࡶࡣ㐟ࡧࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡿຊࢆ⫱ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ㐟ࡧ࠸࠼ࡤ ᭱㏆Ꮚࡶࡓࡕࡀእ࡛㐟ࡧἾࢇࡇጼ࡞ࡾಖㆤ⪅ྏࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙ㠃ྜ࠺ࡇࡀ㒔ᕷ㒊࡛ࡣᑡ࡞ ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋఱᨾ࡞ࡽ㒔ᕷ㒊࡛Ἶࢇࡇጼࢆぢࡿሙ㠃࠸࠺ࡢࡣἾࢇࡇ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ேྥ ࡅࡽࢀ࡚㐟ࢇࡔሙྜࡀከ࠸ࡽ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᏊࡶࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ⎔ቃࡀࡑ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺* E-mail: [email protected]
ࡀᏊࡶࡓࡕࡀ㐟ࡧࡢᒎ㛤ࡢ୰࡛ࡑࡢጼ࡞ࡗࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ㐟ࡧࡢ୰࡛⏕ࡳฟࡋࡓάື ࡶゝ࠸㞴࠸ࠋᗂ⛶ᅬ࠾ࡅࡿἾ㐟ࡧࡶࡑࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋᗂඣᑐࡍࡿᩍ⫱࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡢព⩏ࢆㄆ㆑ ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࡶྠ⌧ᅾࡢᩍ⫱࠸࠺ࡶࡢ㐪ឤࢆぬ࠼ࡿࠋ ᗈ㎡ⱌ࡛ࠕᩍ⫱ࠖ࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆㄪࡿࠕձᩍ࠼⫱࡚ࡿࡇࠋᮃࡲࡋ࠸▱㆑࣭ᢏ⬟࣭つ⠊࡞ࡢ Ꮫ⩦ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿពᅗⓗ࡞ാࡁࡅࡢㅖάືࠖ ࠶ࡿࠋ Ꮚࡶࡓࡕࡀᡭእ࡛㐟ࡧ㌟ࡘࡅࡓࠕ⏕ࡁࡿຊࠖ฿㐩Ⅼࢆ♧ࡉࢀࡓᩍ⫱࡛㌟ࡘࡅࡓ ࠕ⏕ࡁࡿຊࠖࡣ㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡋ⌧௦ࡢ⎔ቃࡢ୰࡛Ἶࢇࡇ㐟ࡧࡢࡼ࠺࡞άືࢆᏊ ࡶࡓࡕࡀయ㦂࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺⎔ቃࢆᩚ࠼ࡿࡢࡣᩍ⫱࠸࠺ሙ㠃࡛ࡋ࡞࠸࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢἾࢇࡇ㐟ࡧḞࡏ࡞࠸ᅵ⢓ᅵ㸦௨㝆⢓ᅵ㸧ࡣᗂඣᩍ⫱ࡗ࡚㠀ᖖ㔜せ࡞⣲ᮦ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿ ࡀ⏝᪉ἲࡸྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ᩍᮦ࣭⣲ᮦࡶ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ᮏㄽࡣⴭ⪅ࡼࡿ῝ᑿ㸦㸧ࠕᗂඣࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ࠾ࡅࡿᩍᮦࡢࣁࣥࢻࣜࣥࢢࡘ࠸࡚̿άືෆ ᐜ⣲ᮦࡢ≉ᛶࡽ̿ࠖ㸧ཬࡧ῝ᑿ ࠕᗂඣࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ࠾ࡅࡿᩍᮦࡢࣁࣥࢻࣜࣥࢢࡘ࠸࡚ ϩ̿⢓ᅵࣜࢧࢡࣝࡢࡓࡵࡢ⢓ᅵ⢊○ᐇ㦂ࡽ̿ࠖ㸧ࡢ᳨ド ᖺᗘ㈡▷ᮇᏛ㝃ᒓᗂ ⛶ᅬ࠾࠸࡚⾜ࡗࡓᐇ㊶άືࡢㄪᰝ◊✲⤖ᯝࢆࡶᗂඣࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ⢓ᅵࡢྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࡘ࠸࡚ ⥲ྜⓗ⪃ᐹࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸰㸬 ᖺᗘ ᖺᗘࡢㄪᰝ◊✲᪉ἲ⤖ᯝࡘ࠸࡚
ᖺᗘࡢ◊✲᪉ἲ⤖ᯝࡽ㸧 ⴭ⪅ࡣ ᖺᗘ㈡▷ᮇᏛ㝃ᒓᗂ⛶ᅬࡢᅬᗞ࠾࠸࡚㸪ᖺ୰ ࢡࣛࢫ㸪ᖺ㛗 ࢡࣛࢫࡢᗂ ඣࢆᑐ㇟㸪ᗂ⛶ᅬᩍㅍ ྡཬࡧᏛ⏕ ྡࡶ ᖺ ᭶ ᅇࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧࡢᐇ㊶άືࢆ⾜ ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋάືࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᅬࡢᢎࡢࡶᫎീࡸ⏬ീ࡛グ㘓ࡋᏊࡶࡓࡕࡢ⾜ືࢆほᐹࡋࡓࠋ⏝ ࡋࡓ⢓ᅵࡣಙᴦࡢ㝡ⱁ⏝Ỉ⡔㉥Ⰽ⢓ᅵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅗ ࡽᅗ ࡲ࡛ཬࡧᅗ ࡣ ᖺᗘㄪᰝࡢࡶ ࡢࡢᥖ㍕࡛࠶ࡿ 㸧ࠋࡲࡓᗂ⛶ᅬᩍㅍ࠾ࡼࡧᏛ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟άືᚋ⮬⏤グ㏙࡛ࡢឤࣥࢣ࣮ ࢺࢆྲྀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋグධඛ❧ࡕ㸪ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡣ↓グྡ㸪⮬⏤ពᚿ࡛ࡢᥦฟ㸪༏ྡᛶࢆಖドࡍࡿࡇ㸪 ┠ⓗࡣ㐀ᙧ⾲⌧ࡿ◊✲࡛࠶ࡾ⏝ࢆࡋ࡞࠸᪨ࡢㄝ᫂ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡘ࠸ ࡚ࡣ࢚ࢡࢭࣝධຊࡋࢹ࣮ࢱࡋ࡚ศᯒࢆᅇ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᅗ ⾲ ᅗ ⢊ࡢ⢓ᅵࢆゐࡿ ᅗ ⢊Ỉࢆຍ࠼ࡿ ᅗ Ἶ≧ࡢ⢓ᅵࢆᴦࡋࡴᖺᗘࡢ㝃ᒓᗂ⛶ᅬ࠾ࡅࡿᐇ㊶άື ࡛ࡣᏊࡶࡓࡕࡢ⢊ࡢ⢓ᅵࢆゐࡗ࡚ࠕࡩࢃ ࡩࢃࠖ࠸࠺ኌࡸỈࢆຍ࠼࡚࠸ࡃ⢓ᛶࡀ ࡛ࡓࡇࡼࡿࠕࡓࡓࠖ࠸࠺ኌ࡞ ゐឤࢆᴦࡋࡴኌࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦ᅗ ᅗ ᅗ 㸧ࡑࡋ࡚⢓ᅵࢆᮌᢞࡆࡘࡅ࡚ᘬ ࡗࡅࡿ⾜Ⅽࡸࡑࡢ⢓ᅵỈࢆຍ࠼ᮌ ࠕࡍࡍࠖࡢ⢓ᅵࢆሬࡾࡓࡃࡿ⾜Ⅽࡶ⌧ㄆ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᅗ ࡲࡓ⢊ࡽ⢓ᅵኚ ࡍࡿάື㐣⛬࡛⩦ᚓࡋࡓ⢓ᅵࡢ≉ᛶ㸦ಖỈᛶ㸧 ࢆ⏕ࡋ࡚ᅬඣࡓࡕࡣᅵᡭ࡛ụࢆసࡾ ࡑࡢ୰Ỉࢆࡓࡵࡿ࠸࠺άືࡶぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ 㸦ᅗ 㸧 ᅇࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢ⮬⏤グ㏙ࡢศᯒࡣ .+&RGHU ࢆ⏝ࡋ㸪ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࣐ࢽࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠸ඹ㉳ࢿ ࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᅗࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋ㸦ᅗ ⾲ 㸧 ᗂ⛶ᅬᩍㅍࡸᏛ⏕ࡽࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࡛ࡣឤゐ㛵ಀࡍࡿゝⴥࢆ୰ᚰᏊࡶࡓࡕࡢጼࡀ㏙ࡽ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ᅗ ᮌᢞࡆࡘࡅࡽࢀࡓ⢓ᅵ ᅗ ᅗ ࡢ⢓ᅵỈࢆຍ࠼㐟ࡪ ᅗ ụࡢไస ᢳฟㄒ ฟ⌧ᅇᩘ ᢳฟㄒ ฟ⌧ ᅇᩘ ᢳฟㄒ ฟ⌧ ᅇᩘ ᢳฟㄒ ฟ⌧ ᅇᩘ ᢳฟㄒ ฟ⌧ ᅇᩘ Ꮚ䛹䜒 㻞㻜 ◁ 㻣 ⮬ศ 㻠 ᎘䛜䜛 㻟 ᵝᏊ 㻟 ⢓ᅵ 㻝㻥 స䜛 㻣 ᑡ䛧 㻠 ᡭ 㻟 䛯䛟䛥䜣 㻞 ᴦ䛧䜐 㻝㻤 ฟ᮶䜛 㻣 ᢞ䛢䜛 㻠 ≧ែ 㻟 䝹䞊䝹 㻞 㐟䜃 㻝㻢 ㊊ 㻣 ኚ䜟䜛 㻠 ゐ䜛 㻟 㐪䛖 㻞 ឤゐ 㻝㻞 Ἶ䜣䛣 㻢 Ⰻ䛔 㻠 ゐ䜜䜛 㻟 ୍⥴ 㻞 Ꮚ 㻝㻞 ධ䜜䜛 㻢 䝃䝷䝃䝷 㻟 ✚ᴟ 㻟 ຍ䜟䜛 㻞 Ἶ 㻝㻞 ở䜜䜛 㻡 ᴦ䛧䜑䜛 㻟 య㦂 㻟 Ꮫ⏕ 㻞 㐟䜆 㻝㻝 ᅋᏊ 㻡 άື 㻟 䛝䛔 㻟 ႐䜆 㻞 Ỉ 㻥 ዲ䛝 㻠 ᶵ 㻟 ᬑẁ 㻟 Ẽ 㻞 ᴦ䛧䛔 㻣 ᛮ䛖 㻠 ⤒㦂 㻟 㐩 㻟 ⱞᡭ 㻞 ⾲㸯ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ⤖ᯝ ฟㄒ㢖ᗘୖ ᅗ ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺศᯒ ඹ㉳ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ ୰ᚰᛶ㸦ḟᩘ㸧
῝ᑿ㸦㸧ࡢㄪᰝ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣ⢓ᅵࡢྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࡢ㞴ࡋࡉࡀ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧࢆᅬࡢ⌧ሙ࠾࠸࡚ᩗ㐲 ࡉࢀࡿ⌮⏤ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ㝡ⱁࡢᡭἲࢆ࠸⡆᫆⣲ᮦࡢฎ⌮ࡸ⎔ቃタᐃࡀ࡛ࡁࡿᡭἲ ࡸ⏝ලࡢ⏝ࢆᥦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡉࡽ㸪 ᖺᗘࡢάື࡛ࡣ⢊ ࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧࡽỈࢆຍ࠼࡚ࡢⓎᒎⓗά ືࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡀ⢓ᅵࡢ⟶⌮ୖࡢၥ㢟Ⅼ 㸦࢝ࣅࡸປຊ࡞㸧ࡢゎỴ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࡞ᩍᮦ㈝ࡢ⠇⣙ࢆ⪃៖ ࡋ⢓ᅵࡢࣜࢧࢡࣝ᪉ἲࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ ⤖ᯝάື࡛⏝ࡋࡓ⢓ᅵࢆ⇱ࡉ ࡏ⢊ᮎࡋ࡚ᗘ⏝ࡍࡿ࠸࠺᪉ἲ ࢆ⪃࠼ḟᖺᗘࡑࡢᡭἲࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿ ࡇࡋࡓࠋ ᖺᗘࡢ◊✲᪉ἲ⤖ᯝࡽ㸧 ๓ᖺᗘࡢ◊✲⤖ᯝࢆࡶⴭ⪅ࡣ ᖺᗘᩍᮦ࣭⣲ᮦ࡛࠶ࡿ⢓ᅵࡢ≉ᛶὀ┠ࡋ࡚ᩍᮦ⟶⌮ ࡢࡓࡵ㸪⣲ᮦࡢ⢊○ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡶᩍᮦࡋ࡚ࡢ⢓ᅵࢆ⏝ࡋࡓάືࡘ࠸࡚㸪 ⪃ᐹࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⇱⢓ᅵࡢ⢊○ᐇ㦂ࡣ ᖺᗘ⏝ࡋ࡚⇱ࡉࡏࡓ⢓ᅵࢆ㸪⣙୍㎶ FP ࢟ࣗ ࣮ࣈ≧⢓ᅵࢆ⣽ࡃࡋ༑ศ⇱ࡉࡏ࡚⏝ࡋࡓࠋ⢊○⏝ࡢᶵᲔࡣࣛ࣎ࢿࢡࢺᰴᘧ♫ࡢࠕࣁ ࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣑ࣝࠖ+6㸫㸦ᅗ 㸧㸦ᅗ 㸧ࢆ⏝ࡋ⢊○ᚋࡢ⢓ᅵࡢ⣽ࡉࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓࡵ㝡ⱁ ⏝ࡢࡩࡿ࠸ ┠ ┠ ┠㸦ᅗ 㸧ࡢ ✀㢮ࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᅗ ࡽᅗ ࡲ࡛ࡣ῝ᑿ㸦㸧ࡢ┿ࢆ⏝ࡋᥖ㍕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࠋ ᅗ ࠕࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣑ࣝࠖ+6㸫ᅗ ࠕࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣑ࣝࠖ࢝ࢵࣉෆ㒊 ᅗ 㝡ⱁ⏝ࡩࡿ࠸ ✀㢮 ᅗ ⢓ᅵࣜࢧࢡࣝᅗ
ᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࠕࣁࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࣑ࣝࠖࢆ⏝ࡋࡓሙྜJ ࡢ⣙୍㎶ FP ࡢ❧᪉య≧ࡋࡓ⇱⢓ ᅵࢆ ⛊㛫⢊○ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ᮇᚅࡋࡓ⢊ᮎ≧ࡢ⢊⢓ᅵࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ ᅗ 㸧 ࡇࡢ⢊○ᕤ⛬ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵࡣ⢓ᅵࢆࡋࡗࡾ⇱ࡉࡏࡿࡇࡀ㔜せ࡞࣏ࣥࢺ࡞ࡿࠋ⢊○๓ ⢓ᅵࢆⷧࡃࡢࡤࡋ⇱ࢆ᪩ࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢ㐣⛬ࡢ୰࡛ⷧࡃ⇱ࡉࡏࡓ⢓ᅵ ᅗ ࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚᪂ ࡋ࠸άືࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠸࠺௬ㄝࡀࡓࡗࡓࠋ⇱⢓ᅵࡢᣢࡘ◳ࡉࢀࡿ࠸࠺ᛶ㉁Ꮚ ࡶࡓࡕࡀࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᛂࢆ♧ࡋάືࡢᒎ㛤ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࢆḟᖺᗘࡢㄢ㢟ࡋࡓࠋ
㸱㸬 ᖺᗘࡢㄪᰝ◊✲᪉ἲ⤖ᯝࡘ࠸࡚
◊✲᪉ἲ ๓ᖺᗘࡢ◊✲⤖ᯝࢆࡶ⇱ࡋࡓ⢓ᅵࢆ࠸Ꮚࡶࡓࡕࡀࡢࡼ࠺࡞άືࢆ⾜࠺ࢆㄪᰝࡋ ࡓࠋሙᡤࢆ㈡▷ᮇᏛ㝃ᒓᗂ⛶ᅬࡢࢸࣛࢫᅬᗞࡋ࡚㸪ᑐ㇟ࡣᖺ㛗 ࢡࣛࢫࡢᅬඣࡋࡓࠋ ᖺ ᭶ ᅇᮅࡢⓏᅬ┤ᚋࡢ⮬⏤㐟ࡧࡢ㛫άືࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᅇࡢ◊✲άືࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ๓ ᅬಖㆤ⪅◊✲㛵ࡍࡿάື࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ᭩㠃࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋྠࡌࡃ᭩㠃࡚ᢎㅙࢆᚓࡓࠋᢎㅙࢆ ᚓࡓᅬඣࡢࡳࢆᫎീࡸ⏬ീ࡛グ㘓ࡋᏊࡶࡓࡕࡢ⾜ືほᐹࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᙜ᪥ࡣᅛᐃࣅࢹ୍࣓࢜࢝ࣛ ྎࢆタ⨨ࡋᚲせᛂࡌ࡚ࢫࢳ࣮࣓࡚ࣝ࢝ࣛᙳࢆࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡎᅬ࡛ࡢάື㝿ࡋ୍࡚ᖺᗘ⏝ࡋࡓ⢓ᅵ㸦Ỉศࢆྵࢇࡔ⢓ᅵ≧ࡢࡶࡢ㸧ࢆ⣙ ੈࡢཌࡉࡢ ᯈୖษࡾศࡅ༑ศ⇱ࢆࡉࡏࡓࠋࡇࡢษࡾศࡅ᪉ἲࡣ㝡ⱁࡢࠕࡓࡓࡽࠖࡢసᡂ᪉ἲ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ⢓ᅵࡢሢࡢᕥྑࡓࡓࡽᯈ㸦ཌࡉ ੈࡢᯈ㸧ࢆᩘ༑ᯛ⨨ࡁࡑࡢᯈษࡾ⣒ࢆῧࢃࡏࢫࣛࢫࡋࡓࠋ 㸦ᅗ 㸧ࡑࡢࢫࣛࢫࡋࡓ⢓ᅵᯈࢆ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࢥࣥࢸࢼ୪ᩘ᪥㛫⇱ࡉࡏࡓࠋ㸦ᅗ 㸧 ᙜ᪥ᏊࡶࡓࡕࡀⓏᅬࡍࡿ๓ᗂ⛶ᅬࡢࢸࣛࢫᩜ࠸ࡓࣈ࣮ࣝࢩ࣮ࢺࡢୖ⇱ࡉࡏࡓ⢓ᅵࢆ࠾ ࡁ‽ഛࢆࡋࡓࠋ㸦ᅗ 㸧࡞࠾ᑡ㔞ࡢ⇱ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸⢓ᅵࡶ ᡤ࠾࠸ࡓࠋ ᖺࡢ⤖ᯝ Ⓩᅬࡋ࡚ࡁࡓᅬඣࡓࡕࡣࢸࣛࢫ࠶ࡿぢ័ࢀ࡞࠸≀య⯆ࢆ♧ࡍࡶࡢࡢ᭱ึࡣᡭ᥈ࡾ≧ែ࡛ ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢぢ័ࢀ࡞࠸≀యࡀ᪥ࡈࢁ㐟ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ⢓ᅵ࡛࠶ࡿ࠸࠺ㄆ㆑ࡀ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠕࡇࢀ ఱ㸽ࠖ࠸࠺Ꮚࡶࡓࡕࡢ㉁ၥࡽࢃࡗࡓࠋ ᅗ ᅗ ⢊○ᚋࡢ࢝ࢵࣉෆ㒊 ᅗ ⷧࡃࡋࡓ⢓ᅵᅗ ࡇࢃࡈࢃ⇱⢓ᅵᯈ࡛㐟ࡪ ᅗ ୕ゅఝࡓᙧࢆ᥈ࡋฟࡍ ᅗ ࡓࡓࡽࡢไస㢼ᬒ ᅗ ࡓࡓࡽ⇱㢼ᬒ ᅗ Ⓩᅬ┤ᚋࡢᵝᏊ ᅗ ࢸࣛࢫ ⇱⢓ᅵタ⨨≧ἣ
ᅗ ᅄゅᙧࢆぢࡘࡅฟࡍ ᅗ ࡦࡽࡀ࡞ࡢࠕࡘࠖࡢᏐࢆぢࡘࡅฟࡍ
ᅗ ⢓ᅵᯈ࡛ᆅ㠃⤮ࢆᥥࡃጼ ᅗ ⢓ᅵᯈࢆᆅ㠃ࡇࡍࡾࡘࡅ࡚⢊ࡍࡿ
ᅗ ⢊ࢆ⢓ᅵࡾࡅࡿࠋ ᅗ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⢓ᅵࢆࡘ࡞ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿ
ᅗ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⢓ᅵ࡛ࣃࢬࣝ ᅗ ⮬ศ࡛ࡗࡓ⢓ᅵ࡛ࣃࢬࣝ
ᅗ ࡛ࡣࡇࢃࡈࢃ⢓ᅵࡢᯈࢆᣢࡕቯࢀ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺㐟ࡪጼࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋᏊࡶࡓࡕࡣ⢓ᅵᯈ ࡀࢀࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࢆྰᐃⓗ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᭱ึࡣேᩘࡶᑡ࡞ࡃࡲࡓࣈ࣮ࣝࢩ࣮ࢺࡢ ୰ධࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡎ࿘ࡾ࡛㐟ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿጼࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋᅗ ࡣᣠࡗࡓ⢓ᅵࡢᙧࡀ୕ゅᙧఝ࡚ ࠸ࡿぢࡏ᮶ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㔞ࡢࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⢓ᅵᯈࡢ୰ࡢᵝࠎ࡞ᙧࡢ୰ㄆ㆑࡛ࡁࡿᙧࢆ᥈ ࡑ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿጼࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋᅗ ࡛ࡣᅄゅᙧࢆぢࡘࡅฟࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ᙧ᥈ࡋࡀጞࡲࡗࡓ ࡀᅗ ࡳࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺ࡦࡽࡀ࡞ࡢࠕࡘࠖࡢᏐࢆぢࡘࡅฟࡋࡓᅬඣࡀ࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡢᙧࡣᖹ㠃ⓗឤ ぬ࡛ࡣぢࡘࡅฟࡏࡎ ḟඖどⅬࡽ⢓ᅵࡢᯈࡢ᭤ࡀࡗࡓഃ㠃ࡽᙧࢆぢࡘࡅࡔࡋࡓࠋᖹ㠃ࡢࢱࣝ 㐟ࡧ࡛ࡣぢࡘࡅฟࡏ࡞࠸୕ḟඖࡢᙧ᥈ࡋ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㛫ࡀ⤒㐣ࡍࡿࡶᏊࡶࡓࡕࡣ⢓ᅵࡢᯈࢆࡢࡼ࠺ᢅࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸࠸࠺ࡇࡀࢃࡾ ࡔࡋࡱࡁࡱࡁ⢓ᅵࢆᢡࡗ࡚ࡿᏊࡶࡓࡕࡸᆅ㠃ⴠࡋ࡚ࢃࡊࡿᏊ࡞ࡶ࡛࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡱ ࡁࡱࡁࡿឤゐࡶⴠࡋ࡚ࡿࡇࡶᴦࡋ࠸ࡼ࠺࡛ࡋࡤࡽࡃ⥆࠸ࡓࠋ ᅗ ࡛ࡣ⢓ᅵࡀࢳ࣮ࣙࢡࡢࡼ࠺࠼࡚ᆅ㠃⤮ࡀᥥࡅࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࢆⓎぢࡋࡓᏊࡶࡓࡕࡀ ᆅ㠃⥺ࢆᥥ࠸ࡓࡾࡇࡍࡾࡘࡅሬࡾ㎸ࢇࡔࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋྠ⢊ࡀ࠸ࡗࡥ࠸ฟࡿࡇࡶᴦࡋࢇ࡛ ࠸ࡓࠋᅗ ࡛ࡣูࡢᏊࡶࡓࡕࡀ⢓ᅵᯈࢆࡇࡍࡾ⢊ࡍࡿࡇᴦࡋࡳࢆぬ࠼࡚࠸ࡿᵝᏊࡀㄞࡳ ྲྀࢀࡿࠋᅗ ࡛ࡣ⢓ᅵࡢᯈྠኈࢆ᧿ࡾྜࢃࡏ࡚ࡇࡍࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋᅗ ࡢࡼ࠺ࠕࡇࡍࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡇࡍࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᡤࡢⰍࡀኚࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࡇࡍࡾྜࢃࡏࡓ⢓ᅵࡢᯈࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ᮦ㉁ࡢ⾲㠃ࡢࢃࡎ࡞ኚẼࡀ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࡇࡢ㝿࡛ࡁࡓ⢊ࡣᅗ ࡢࡼ࠺ᰂࡽ࠸⢓ᅵ ࡢୖࡶࡾࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ᅗ ࡽᅗ ࡲ࡛ࡣࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⢓ᅵ࡛ࣃࢬࣝࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿጼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭱ึࡣࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ∦ࢆ 㐺ᙜ᥈ࡋࡔࡋ㔞ࡢࡁ࠸ᒣࡢ୰ࡽྜ࠺ࡶࡢࢆぢࡘࡅࡔࡑ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋࡋ࠶ࡲࡾࡶ㞴 ࡋ࠸ࡢ㏆ࡃ࡛ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢྠኈࢆྜࢃࡏࡿᏊࡶࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࢃࡊࢃࡊ⮬ศ࡛ࡁࡵ ࡢ⢓ᅵᯈࢆࡾࡑࢀ࡛ࣃࢬࣝ㐟ࡧࢆࡍࡿᏊࡶฟ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ᅗ ࡛ࡣᏊࡶࡓࡕࡀ㊊࡛⢓ᅵᯈࢆ㋃ࡳ㊊ࡢឤࡌࡿឤゐ⢓ᅵࡢࢀ࡚࠸ࡃឤゐࢆᴦ ࡋࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࠋ ᅗ ࡣᚋ∦ࡅࢆጞࡵࡓࡇࢁᏊࡶࡓࡕࡀᡭఏࡗ࡚ࡃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙ㠃࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢞ࢧ࢞ࢧ ࡁ㞟ࡵ࡚㖊ධࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀᴦࡋࡑ࠺࡛ᐊෆධࡿ㛫ࡀ᮶࡚ࡶ᭱ᚋࡲ࡛ᡭఏࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࠋ Ꮚࡶࡢάືࢆࡁࡃᩚ⌮ࡍࡿࡁࡃࡘศࢀࡓࠋ᭱ึ⢓ᅵࡢ⣲ᮦࢆᴦࡋࡴ⾜Ⅽ࠼ࡤ ⇱⢓ᅵࡢឤゐࢆᴦࡋࡴࡿⴠࡍ㋃ࡴ⢊ࡍࡿ࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋḟ⣲ᮦࢆࡗ ࡚ࡢ⾜Ⅽᙧ᥈ࡋࢆࡍࡿᆅ㠃⇱⢓ᅵ࡛⤮ࢆᥥࡃࢀࡓࡶࡢࢆࡗ࡚ࣃࢬࣝ㐟ࡧࢆࡍࡿ┿ ࡣᥖ㍕ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀࡑࡢ✚ࡳୖࡆࡿࡸᰂࡽ࠸⢓ᅵࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࢧࣥࢻࢵࢳࡸື≀ࢆసࡿ άືࡶぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ
㸲㸬⪃ᐹ
ᖺࡢㄪᰝ◊✲ࡽ⣲ᮦࡢᢅ࠸᪉ཬ ࡧᏊࡶࡓࡕࡢάືࡘ࠸࡚㝃ᒓᗂ⛶ᅬࡢ ࡳ࠾ࡅࡿᐇ㊶άືࡽ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀᩍᮦ ࡋ࡚㸪⢓ᅵࡢ⏝᪉ἲࡢࡦࡘࡢ᪉ྥᛶࡀぢ ࠼࡚ࡁࡓ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ⴭ⪅ࡀ ᖺᗘ௬ㄝ 㸧ࢆ❧࡚ࡓᅗ ࡢᅵ⢓ᅵࡢࣜࢧࢡࣝᅗࡣ ᖺᗘࡢᐇ ㊶άື࠾࠸࡚ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗ ࡓࠋࡲࡓ⣲ᮦࡢ⟶⌮᪉ἲ࡛࠸࠼ࡤ⇱ ࡽ⢊○࠸࠺ᕤ⛬࡛ࡣ῝ᑿ㸦㸧㸧࠾ ࠸࡚ᥦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢫࣛࢧ࣮ࢆࡗࡓ⢓ᅵ ࢆ⣽ࡃࡍࡿᕤ⛬ࡣᖺᗘࡢᏊࡶࡓࡕά ື࠾࠸࡚⇱⢓ᅵᯈࢆ⏝ᚋ㋃ࢇ࡛ ⢊ࠎࡍࡿ࠸࠺㐟ࡧࡼࡗ࡚ᚲせ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ᭱⤊ⓗࡣᶵᲔࡼࡿ⇱⢓ᅵࡢᚤ⢊○࠸࠺㐣 ⛬௨እࡣᏊࡶࡓࡕࡀ⮬㌟࡛ࡁࡿᕤ⛬࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ⢊ࡽἾἾࡽ⢓ᅵ⢓ᅵࡽ⇱⢓ᅵᯈ⢊○࠸࠺ࡍ࡚ࡢ㐣⛬ࢆಖ⫱⪅ࡢຓࢆᚓ࡞ࡀ ࡽᏊࡶࡓࡕࡀࢃࡾ⾜࠼ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡇࡢάືࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢ⣲ᮦࢃࡾ࠾ ࠸࡚Ꮚࡶࡓࡕ⮬㌟ࡢ㐟ࡧࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡃࡿࡇࡶ ᖺ㛫ࡢᐇ㊶◊✲࠾࠸࡚᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᖺᗘࡢάື࠾࠸࡚᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓ⢊ࡢ≧ែ࠾⾜ࡅࡿࠕࡩࢃࡩࢃࠖࡸࠕࡉࡽࡉࡽࠖ࠸࠺ ୍⯡ⓗ࡞⢓ᅵࡣ㐪࠺㐟ࡧ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡿឤゐឤືἾ≧ࡢࠕࡠࡿࡠࡿࠖࡸࠕࡕࡹࡿࡕࡹࡿࠖ࠸࠺ゝ ⴥ⌧ࢀࡓἾ㐟ࡧࡋ࡚యឤ࡛ࡁࡿάື⢓ᅵ≧㸦୍⯡ⓗ࡞⢓ᅵࡢ≧ែ㸧ࡼࡿྍረᛶࡢ㧗࠸ᩍᮦ ࡋ࡚ࡢ㐀ᙧάືࡑࡋ࡚ ᖺᗘࡢάື࡛ࡣ⇱ࡋࡓ⢓ᅵ࡛Ꮚࡶࡓࡕࡀ⮬ⓎⓗⓎぢࡋࡓᙧࡉ ࡀࡋ࠾⤮ࡁ⢊ࡍࡿ㐟ࡧࣃࢬࣝ㐟ࡧࡸࡗࡓࡾ㋃ࢇࡔࡾࡋ࡚యឤࡍࡿឤゐ㐟ࡧᵝࠎ࡞ 㐟ࡧࡀᒎ㛤࡛ࡁࡿࡇࡀᐇドࡉࢀࡓࠋ Ꮚࡶࡓࡕࡢ⾲⌧άືࡢ᰿ᖿ࠸࠼ࡿឤࡌࡿᴦࡋࡴ࠸࠺⾜Ⅽ࠸࠺㠃࠾࠸࡚⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧࡢ άືࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⣲ᮦࡢᵝࠎ࡞≧ែࡢࢃࡾࡽᏊࡶࡓࡕࡢ㐟ࡧᚰࡀࠕゐⓎࠖࡍࡿ࠸࠺⤖ᯝ ࡞ࡗࡓ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ㸳㸬࠾ࢃࡾ
ᖺ㛫ࠕ⢓ᅵࠖ࠸࠺⣲ᮦࡘ࠸࡚Ꮚࡶࡓࡕ࠼ࡿᩍᮦࡋ࡚ࡢᢅ࠸᪉⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧάື ࡢᒎ㛤ࢆ᳨ドࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᅵ࠸࠺⮬↛⏺Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ୍ࡘࡢᩍᮦࡢᕤኵࡼࡾᏊࡶࡓࡕ ᵝࠎ࡞㐟ࡧࡢࡁࡗࡅࢆ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋᗂඣᩍ⫱࣭ಖ⫱ࡢ⌧ሙ࠾࠸࡚ᩍᮦࡢᕤኵ ᅗ 32 ᅵ⢓ᅵࣜࢧࢡࣝᅗ ver2 Ꮚ ࡶ ࡢάື ⢊○ Ќ ⇱ࡑࡢᥦ♧ࡢ᪉ࡣಖ⫱⪅ࡗ࡚㠀ᖖ㔜せ࡞ࡇࡣ᫂ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᏊࡶࡓࡕࡢࠕ㐟ࡧࠖࡢ୰ᚰ ࡣ㐀ᙧ⾲⌧࠾࠸࡚ࡣࡑࡢࡍ࡚ࡀࠕ㐣⛬ࠖࡲࡓࡣࠕࣉࣟࢭࢫࠖ࠶ࡿࠋᏊࡶࡢⓎ㐩⌮ゎࢆ ῝ࡵᏊࡶࡓࡕࡢ⾲⌧ࡢᇶ┙࡞ࡿࠕឤ࡛ࡢㅖឤぬࠖࠕឤᛶࠖࠕᴦࡋࡴࠖࠕᛮ⪃ࠖࠕぢࡿࠖ࡞ ࡢゝⴥ௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿయ㦂ࢆಖドࡍࡿຓࡀಖ⫱⪅ࡢ㈐ົ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡋࡋ᪥ࠎࡢಖ⫱㏣ࢃࢀಖ⫱⪅ࡗ࡚ࡣᩍᮦ◊✲㛫ࢆྲྀࡿࡇࡣ㠀ᖖ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡑ࠺࠸ ࡗࡓព࡛ࡣᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲ࡸಖ⫱⪅㛫ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ௨ୖᗂඣᩍ⫱ࡢ ᚋࡢ㉁࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆᕥྑࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ ᖹᡂᖺ᭶ࡽࡢ᪂ᩍ⫋ㄢ⛬ࡢ㛤ጞࢆᶵ㐀ᙧ⾲⌧ࡢศ㔝࠾࠸࡚ࡶᩍ⛉ࡋ࡚࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ ࠕ㡿ᇦཬࡧಖ⫱ෆᐜࡢᣦᑟἲ㛵ࡍࡿ⛉┠ࠖ࠾࠸࡚㡿ᇦࡢᑓ㛛ⓗ㡯ಖ⫱ෆᐜࡢᣦᑟἲࡀᙉࡃ 㛵㐃ࡅࡽࢀࡼࡾᐇ㊶ⓗಖ⫱ຊࡢ࠶ࡿಖ⫱⪅ࡢ㣴ᡂࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡇ࡞ࡿࠋᙜᏛࡢࡼ࠺࡞㣴ᡂᰯ ࠾࠸࡚ࡣᏛ⏕ࠕఱࢆᩍ࠼࡚࠸ࡃࡢࠖ࠸࠺ࡇࢆ⢭ᰝࡋᩍᤵࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ㅰ㎡
ᮏ◊✲ࡣᖹᡂ ᖺᗘᏛ㛗㔞⤒㈝ࡼࡿᨭࢆཷࡅ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇグࡋ࡚ㅰ ពࢆ⾲ࡍࡿࠋᩥ⊩
᪂ᮧฟ⦅ ࠗᗈ㎡ⱌ㸦➨ ∧㸧࠘ᒾἼ᭩ᗑ S ῝ᑿ⚽୍㸦㸧ࠕᗂඣࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ࠾ࡅࡿᩍᮦࡢࣁࣥࢻࣜࣥࢢࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ㈡▷ᮇᏛ⣖せ ➨ ྕ SS ῝ᑿ⚽୍㸦㸧ࠕᗂඣࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ࠾ࡅࡿᩍᮦࡢࣁࣥࢻࣜࣥࢢࡘ࠸࡚ϩࠖ㈡▷ᮇᏛ⣖せ ➨ ྕ SS ᵽཱྀ⪔୍ ࠗ♫ㄪᰝࡢࡓࡵࡢィ㔞ࢸ࢟ࢫࢺศᯒ̿ෆᐜศᯒࡢ⥅ᢎⓎᒎࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠘ ࢼ࢝ࢽࢩࣖฟ∧ ῝ᑿ⚽୍㸦㸧ࠕᗂඣࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ࠾ࡅࡿᩍᮦࡢࣁࣥࢻࣜࣥࢢࡘ࠸࡚ϩࠖ㈡▷ᮇᏛ⣖せ ➨ ྕ S ῝ᑿ⚽୍㸦㸧ࠕᗂඣࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ࠾ࡅࡿᩍᮦࡢࣁࣥࢻࣜࣥࢢࡘ࠸࡚ϩࠖ㈡▷ᮇᏛ⣖せ ➨ ྕ S ⸨ཎ㐓ᶞ ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧࡢᣦᑟἲ㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹᏳ⏣ዪᏊᏛ⣖せ 㸪SS ⰱ⏣㢼㤿➉ෆᖹ ⢓ᅵࡢ㐀ᙧάື࠾ࡅࡿᗂඣࡢぢࡏࡿⓎヰ, 㸫Ⓨヰࡢ≧ἣࡑࡢᶵ⬟╔┠ࡋ࡚㸫ḟୡ௦ᩍဨ㣴ᡂࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲⣖せዉⰋᩍ⫱Ꮫ3 ➉ෆᖹⰱ⏣㢼㤿 ⢓ᅵࡢ㐀ᙧάື࠾ࡅࡿᗂඣࡢぢࡏࡿⓎヰϩ 㸫ࡑࡢⓎ⏕ᶵᗎ㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウࢆ୰ᚰ㸫ḟୡ௦ᩍဨ㣴ᡂࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲⣖せዉⰋᩍ⫱ᏛSS๓ᔱⱥ㍤ ࠕᗂඣࡢࡓࡵࡢ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧタഛࡢᵓ⠏ࠖྜྷഛᅜ㝿Ꮫ◊✲⣖せ ➨ ྕS ୖ࿘୍㑻ୖᅬἋ⏤㔛 ࠕᗂඣᮇࡢᅵ⢓ᅵࡼࡿ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧ̿㮵ඣᓥᕷෆࡢᗂ⛶ᅬ࠾ࡅࡿᐇ㊶◊✲̿ࠖ ༡ᕞᆅᇦ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᡤሗ ➨ ྕSS Ụᮧᙪ㝞㈆Ṋᑠ⇩ỤୖಙᏊᰩᒣ㝧Ꮚ⸨ᯘΎோబࠎᮌಇ㑻 ࠕᏊࡶࡢᚰࡽࡔࢆᣅࡃ⮬↛ಖ⫱࣭ᩍ⫱ ᅵ⢊άືࡢᒎ㛤ࢆ୰ᚰࠖྡྂᒇ⏘ᴗᏛ࣭ྡྂᒇ ⤒Ⴀ▷ᮇᏛ⎔ቃ⤒Ⴀ◊✲ᡤᖺሗ SS Ṋᑠ⇩ ࠕࢁ㐟ࡧ⢓ᅵ㐟ࡧࡢᅜࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝ㛵ࡍࡿ⪃ᐹࠖᏊࡶᏛ◊✲ㄽ㞟ྡྂᒇ⤒Ⴀ ▷ᮇᏛᏊࡶᏛ⛉Ꮚ⫱࡚⎔ቃᨭ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮➨ ྕSS̽ ⚄㇂╬௦ ࠕᗂඣࡢ⢓ᅵ㐀ᙧ୍ᇶ♏ⓗ࡞ᢏ⬟ࡢ⩦ᚓཬࡧ㢟ᮦ㸦ࢸ࣮࣐㸧ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᐇ㊶᳨ド୍ࠖ ⨾⾡⛉ᩍ⫱Ꮫㄅ 9ROSS ᓥ⏣ెᯞ ࠕᗂඣࡢ⢓ᅵ㐀ᙧࡢ◊✲᪉ἲࢆࡵࡄࡗ࡚ࠖᇸ⋢ᏛᅬᏛ⣖せ㸦ே㛫Ꮫ㒊⠍㸧➨ ྕ SS
