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Self-Determination and Power-Sharing : Examining the Relevance of the Complex Power-Sharing Approach

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Self-Determination and Power-Sharing :

Examinlng the Relevance of the Complex

Power-Sharing Approach

Kazuo ISHIKAWA

Professor

There are two approaches to overcome apparently Insoluble self-determination conflicts. One is consociationalist and the other integrationist. ln addition tO these, recent studies suggest, a third approach called "complex power-sharing ap-proach" which aims to reconcile the potentially divisive prlnCIPles of

self-determination and democracy in ethnically divided states. This article examhes the theoretical contribution of this new approach and its practicalrelevance.

The complex power-sharing approach differs from the two previous apI proaches above in three respects ; firstly, it combines consociational theory and integrative theory to manage conflicts and design the structure of eventual agreement, or its implementation ; secondly, it emphasizes the role of interlla-tional actors to negotiate and implement Power-Sharing arrangements ; and fi-nally, it iIICOrpOrateS a far broader rarlge Of issues at many different levels of government to make power-sharing arrangements more effective.

To shed light on the contribution of the complex power-sharing approach, this article applies the allthor's original matrix of variables (proposed in 1994) to evaluate the progress of contemporary power sharing practices. The result sug-gests that under certain conditioIIS, liberal consociationalism can be a I10rma-tively defensible alternative to secession. Furthermore, at least in seven cases among more than twenty power-sharing resolution of connicts in the post-Cold

War years proved to be effectively paving the way for the erosion of divisioTIS.

Moreover, the result indicates certain polarization arrangements (such as

recog-nition of internal autor10mly, inner self-determination, devolutioll, etC.) in divided nations prompt rebuilding a more inclusive institutional framework and avoid the

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temp()ral and fragile solutioll Withotlt a moderate arld effective management of consociations among leaders of each conflicting camp, and well-intentioned inter-velltioIIS by outsiders.

Das Verfassungsrecht in der Internationalisierung

- In der Spiegel der auswartigen Gewalt,

der StaatsangehGrigkeit und der

militarischen Kooperation

-Osamu ISHIMURA

Professor

Dieses Referat besteht aus deutschJapanicherl Symposien in Tokyo 2008. Auf一 grund meiner Erkenntnis tiber die Internationalisierung der Verfassung bestellte ich mich mein Thema darauf,wie die Verfassungswirklichkeit unter grol言en

Um-walzungen gestellt ist. Habe Ich darauf gedachte, heutige Verfassungsrecht als

eirl Geschen in der IIltemationalisieruI一g und sogar zur GlobaliseiruI一g Si°h zu

bewegell.

Ⅰ)ie langfristige Beherrschung Yon nordischen Lander zur stldlichen Lander

zwar dauerte es, aber im 20. Jh. endlich k()nnte man glauben, dass richtige

Inter-nationalisierung zum Verfassungsrecht verwirklicht wurde. Daher modemes

Ver-fassungsrecht nimmt schon die von selbst beurteilte Internationalisierung in Ar-tikcln tiber. Diese Internationalisierung bedeutet noch das, was jeder mach

eigenen Meinungen die Beziehung mit Anderem beurteilt , deswegen dazu braucht man den Gesichtspunkt von Vergleich. Aber wir vergleichen uns

heutzutage nicht T一ur eillen Staaten nit Andere, soIlderll auCh mit einer Gel meinsameridee der ITlternatioTlalisierung. ⅠIIZWischen die StaateI一eillender Ein-fltlf3e geben, damn kommt es ganz neuen Modestil.

Die Spannungsverhaltnis zwischen Verfassungsrecht und der

Internation-alesmaJ言stab ist geschen, in der Folge kommt es die Relativitat des

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