• 検索結果がありません。

Eggs,Larvae乱ndJuvenilesortbeFishesOecu王・ring intbeN三唱胤raRiver】云stllary,CentralJapan

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

シェア "Eggs,Larvae乱ndJuvenilesortbeFishesOecu王・ring intbeN三唱胤raRiver】云stllary,CentralJapan"

Copied!
26
0
0

読み込み中.... (全文を見る)

全文

(1)

Bull.Fae.Bioresoul・eeS,MieUniv.  

No.23:37一世62   Decemberl,1999   

Eggs,Larvae乱ndJuvenilesortbeFishesOecu王・ring   intbeN三唱胤raRiver】云stllary,CentralJapan   

SeishiKIMURA■,MakotoOKADA,でsuyoshiYÅMAS王iIでA,‡zumiTÅNIYAMA,  

TaigaYo00,MitsuruHIROSE,でetsuyaSADOandFumikoKIMURA  

ダisheriesRes組rdlLaboraもOry,MieU王1iversity,  

P.0.Boxll,W昭u,ShiIna,Mie517−07喝Japan  

Abstract   

でhelarvalandjuvenilerish紘unain theNagara Riv¢reSいJary,CenもralJapan,WaS   Sul、\∫CyCdduringthcpclliodfromJull・199:1toApl・il1997,andLhecrfccts orthcl・CCCn巾・・  

compleLCdesLuar)▼damwereeonsidered.Atotaloトl,丁71rishcg−gLSCOllectcdr叩r・CSentCd   lltaxa,bei喝mainly coastalmarine speeies.Larvae and juvenま1e fish¢S COllected   totalcd17,8L18rcpresenting27fall−ilies and37species,iI−Cludingbrackish,diadromous   migratoryandcoaslalmarincrol・111S.ThclowerNElgEu−tlRiveresしuary,belo、、rthedam,  

playedanimportanもroleasspawni11gandnurseryg・rOlユndsrorsomemarinerishes,  

whichthedamdldnotdirectlyeffecも.でhelarvalfishraunaintheupp¢rNagara River   estuary,abovethedarn,WaSlessdiversethanthatinthelowerestuary,Withsomeupper  

esじuarinem 

gaLes.Catadromous Plecog[ossl上S CZ仙:1elis c!ZtiuビIislal、、!ne,uSUallさ,dominanti】lthe   lowerreachesortheNと噌araRiverまnNovember,b¢Cametrappedinthedambaekwater   after thedam gateswereclosed,alarge proportion ofthelar・Vae OVera11thus being・  

unableねmlgratenOrmally to thelowerestuarine area.Berore thedam gates were   elosed,SaloTlgichL恒′S l(cT10doJ川,aSdisLributcd、、・idcly throughout tllC Nagara Ri、・er   estuary,itsspawnlnggrOundapparentlybeingloca亡母dintheupperestuary.Followlng   the closure o仁軌egates,the spawnlngandnurs訂y grOunds were destroyed and the  

Sp肛iescompleとeまydisappearedぎromとbelo耶rreaC‡leSOf班eNagaraRiver.Thedam  

apparentlydidllOtafrectcatadromousCoLtLLS(・eilliilar、Iac.althoughitinrlucncedonthe   an乱dromousJuVenileBWh紺theypassedoverit.  

Kc)・ll;ords:rishlal、\▼a・fishju\でnile・NagnraRi\′CreStuarydam■  

㌘〜ecog払ββ㍑ぷα££iueヱiぶα£如e〜iざ・ぷαまα几g£c′血ッぶm£crodo花  

Introduction   

CoastalzonesLlrCgenerall),1■eCOgniヱCdasimportantnursel・yal、eaSforlal・、rnlandju、・Cnilcmarinefishcs  

becauseoftheirhighnuもritiousenvironmentsandtopographicalvariabiliもy.Inra玖manyfまshesspend  

Aeeepもed:September a,1999  

−Sendreprintreque$も忌もOSK(e−maま1:1くimura・S@bio.mまe凡ae.jp)   ヂ‥1   三澄大学生物資源学部附属水産実験所,517・0703三葛県志輝郡志輝町和邁志礫郵便局私沓箱11琴   

(2)

S¢is 

38   雷聡。㌻王室琵㌫Ⅰ雲琴誤諾三豊誉諾言語t霊!憲㌘ 

their¢arlylirehistorystag・eSinsuehzones一トユ〉Amo11gSもcoastalzonesandofrshoreareas,eSとuarieshave   thehighestprimaryproductivityandmostabundantzooplankもers,用b¢ing・OneOどもhemo或important  

nurserさ・grOundsfol・1ar、・aCand juveniles or  

variousmarinefishes,=)However,Various  

human acti\・ities ofrer to arfeelcstual・inc  

environments directly and/orindirecも1y,  

resultingin 8eriousimplieations for the  

resident.This has happc】1ed seriousl)′  

inJapan.HoⅥr8Ver,Stlユdies onlarvaland   ju\▼enile fish faunasinJapanese esLuftries  

arerew,beingknown only for the Yama−  

kuniRiver,Oita Prefecもure,Kyushu,g)  

Roklほku River,Saga Pr◎feeもure,Kyu−  

shu,10)Kaeda River,MiyazakiPrerect正¢,  

Ⅰ(yushu,= and Shimanto Ri\・er,Kochi  

Prer¢Cもure,Shikoku.8)   

でheNagara RiverorlglnateSintheHida  

highlands.GiruPrerecture,eenlralHonshu,  

Japan,jOinlngWith theIbiRiver nearits   mouLhanddrainingintotheinnermostpart   OfTseBayatIくu\\・ana,MiePrefecture(Fig.  

1).BecausethelowerNag・araRiverpasses   throughlow・1yin凱 nOn−und山anも plains,  

its estuaryextended some20km upstream  

from the river mouth.Euryhaline fishes,  

エα£eo〜αわrαエノ叩071ic㍑β(Percichthyidae),  

13ら037.81E   1360d5●E  

Fig.11Mapo=helo、、・errCaChesorLheNagaraRi\TeI・.  

Fig.2.TheNagaraRiverestuarydaminNovember1995.   

(3)

LarvalyishyaunaintheNag鼠raRまverEstuary  

39  

〟ug£〜c叩ゐα〜㍑ぶ(Mug・ilidae)andC′iegO氾ゐαemα加九££㍑ぶ(Mug・ilidae)occurredmoretban14kmupstream  

fromthemouth,andcoastalfishes,KoTWSiT・uSPuTLCtatuS(Clupeidae)and Magochi Pla妙CqPhalussp.  

(Platycephalidae)more than7km.12)In addition,COmmerCialfish紺ies for Sα〜α花g£c如ゐッぷmicro(ブ0托  

(Salangichthyidae)andCorわ加ヱαノ叩0花£ごα(Bivalvia)wer¢Wellestablished.However,COnStruCtionor   alargeresもuarydam(called Nagara−gaWakakozeki )beganca.5kmupstreamfromtheNa首ara   Rivermouthinl.q88andwascompletedin1994(Figs.1,2)<Thedamincludesseveralverticallymovable   gaも¢SinordertoadjusttheⅥ′aterlevelbehindthedam.Thegat¢SWereelosedtentaもiv¢1yfromMay1994  

andbeg・anpermanentOPerationinJuly1995.Subsequently,thelowerreachesoftheNagaraRiverhave   beendividedintoalarg・e8ta嘗nant,1ake−1ikebackwaterareaandsmallestuary・   

Theaims orthispaperareto clariryもh8Chang・¢Sin軌elarvalandjuvenile鮎b faunain thelower  

reachesortheNagaraRiverrrom1994to1997,andtodeも紺minetheinrluencesortheestuarydamon仇e  

larvalandjuvenilerishass¢mblag・eS.  

MatcI・ials and Mcthods   

Studyare免  

官ieldcollections,mad¢arOundneaptideonceroreachseason oどtheyear,WereCarri¢dout12tまmes   fromJuly1994toApril1997(Tablel).ThegaもesoftheNag・araRiverestuarydamwereopenduring・the  

Tablcl.DateandTime,LunarAg・e,andTimeofHighandLowTidesatEachFieldCollection  

2Jul,12Nov125Feb.22Apr.5Aug・.3Nov.10y8b.25May.27Jul.16Nov.15yeb.12Apr,  

,94 ,94  ,95  −95 ,95  ,95  ,96 ,96 ,96 ,96 ,97  ,97   Lunar昭e  22.8  8.6  25.2 22.0  8.5  9.9  20.6  7.6  

00:48 03:36 10:31     02:54 09:05 10沼6  

11.4  4.9  7.5  4.7   02:13 09:48 11:13 08:25   16:18 20:53      21こ39   09:08 02:51 04:50 02:34   21:4115:19 18:40 15:08  

Hig・hもide  

Low tide  

12:37 14:00 14:30     12:52 15:29 21:37 23:43   06:47 07:10 08:50 05:01 06:11 08:59 02:49 04:27   18:12 20劇 21:2117:45 18:27 21:37 15:1117:01   Timewheneachhaulstarted  

1  9  1  3  2  8  3  5  2 .4  1  3  

1  0  0  9  9  8  1  1  1  0  0  0  

3  5  1  0  0D  5  

2  5  2  4  八‖>  3 1  0  0  9  9  ︵‖0 1  1  1  0  0  0  

7  4  9  n八U  4  1  

3  ∧‖>  2  A− 1  4  

1  1  ハU  9  9  8  1  1  1  0  0  ∧=V  

9  0  9  2  6  5 1  5  5  2  jq− 0  

5  4  3  0  9  9  1  1  1  1  0  0  

2  0  ∧一〇  5  2  5   4  ∧りん  4  5  2  4  

3  1  0  9  9  QU l l  1  0  0  0  

1  5  A﹁  2  6  2  

5  2  勺リ  5  1  4 8  鎗U  9  1  1  八U  

O O O l l l   

StaもまonNl13:37   StaとionN212:49   StationN3 08:49   StationN4 09:11   StationN5 09:42   SもationN6 10:18   StationKl13:51   StationK2 15:10   StationII   StationI2   StatioIlI3   SねtionI4  

13:22 13:29   11:27 11:27   11:04 10:46   10:08 10:11  

09:36  09:35  

08:40 08:46  

13:55 1・l:03   1∠l:37 14:46  

3  rヘリ  1  7  

4  3  5  0  0  3  3      一﹂﹁  3  5  8  4  3  5  1  0  9  1  1  1  0  0  1  1  

一礼●  n入U  1  3  0  1  nO  4 5  1  2  2  5  1  2  2 3  3  1  0  9  9  4  5 1  1  1  1  nU O l  1  

4  2  0  7  8  〇 .4  1  .4  jハH.一 2  2 .4  0  0  0  

4  3  1  0  9  9  5  6 1  1  1  1  0  0  1  1  

(4)

40  

Seまs 

ぎ鞄。慧等㌶蕊E筆端冨三三豊誓言奪憲‡諾 

firsttothirdcol18Ctions(July1994toFebruary1995),butthey were closed thereafter・Six sampling・  

stations,Nl・N6,WereeStablishedinthelowerreachesoftheriver,SもationsNl−N3(lowerNagaraRiver   stations)b扇ngsituatedbelowth8damandN4−N6(upperNagaraRiverstaもi∞S)above(Fig・1,Table   2).In addition,2and4stations,reSpeCtively,in汰e Xiso(KlandIく2)andIbi(ⅠトⅠ4)Rivers were  

establishedrorcomparativepurposes(Fi.g.1,Table2).Waもerもemperatur8andsaliniもyattheもimeor   eachfieldcollecもionareshowninTable3.Watersalinitywasnotedatallstationsduringthe open   紳es period,butnotattheupperN昭araRivers七色tionsafterthegateswereelosed(exceptinApril1995   whenthegateswereelosedtentativelyandbrackishwaterremain¢dinthebottomlayeriustabovethe  

dam).  

SampIcgcarandproccdures  

Fisheggs,larvaeandjuvenileswerecollectedusingarlnglarvalnetwithmouthdiameterl・3m,iength   4,5rnandO.33mmcodendmesh.Thenetringwasfittedwithaflowmeter(afterFebTuary1995)anda   buoy,bywhichthenetdepthwasadjusted.Thenetwastowedhorizontallyatl・5−2・5kt for5min・  

Surfaceandbottomtowsweregenerallycarriedoutaもeaeh如ation・でhesur払cetowstargeもedlmdepth  

(atthecenterofthenetring)andthebottomtows3.7mdepth・Atstationsshallowerthan4・5mdepth,  

thetar紳d叩thofthebottomtowwasadjusもedも01・2maboveもheriverb¢d・StationNl,beinglocatedin  

theshallo\VeStallea,\VaSOrtenSha1lo\Verthan3.Orndepth.In Lhese cases,bottom tows werc abol,ted・  

Watervolumessampledrar将edfrom200も0400m3.EachcatchwaspreservedinlO%rormalindiluもed   withwatertakenrromtherespectiv8Station.  

Laboratory procedures 

でhesampleswereentirely sorted uslng a dまssecting micro8COpe at6−10Ⅹ・Allfish eggs,1arvae   andjuveniles wereremovedandidenもiried toもhelowesttaxon possible,rOllowlng Nakabo18 and   Okiyama14〉.Derinitiono=he組rlylirehistorystagesorrisheswasrollowedKendalletal・15)Bodylen酎h  

Table2.LocaliLyandDepthofEaehStation  

Station River  

Approx.distancerromrivermouth(km) D叩th(m)  

2.5・3.5   3.5−5.5   5.0−6.5   5.0−7,5   5.5−6.5   5.5−7,5   4.5−6.5   5.0−6.5   3.5−5.0   4.0−6.0   3.5−5.5   5.5−7.0   

NI   Nagara  

N2   Nagara   N3   Nagara   N4   Nagara   N5   Nagara   N6   Nagara   XI   Kiso   X2   Kiso   Il   Ibi   I2   Ibi   I3   Ibi  

‡4  

Ibi  

(5)

LarvalFまshyaunaintheNagaraRiverEstuary  

41  

m 寸 00 lJつ q> q〇  l I   N r」†・・■ N N N   

▼・・・・・{  ▼−・■  l・・・づ  l・・・づ   ▼・−1  ▼・・・・■  

0〇 ト・ く)0 の く〉〇 トー l   I・{ ▼−可 ぐ弓 ぐq Cq ぐq   

▼・・・■  ■・・■  ■■  ■−・■  ▼・・・■  ▼・・・づ  

0〇 くJ⊃ 00 の r■ の I l   の 0〇 CO ¢ [■・− く D  

N の 0 の の Cく)  t l  

卜・1は〉∝).D く」〇 くJ⊃  

0〇 の の 卜 uつ Lrう I I   亡■− 【■、  の  N N rl   

▼・・・・{  ▼・・・・{  ▼・・・■   ■−{  ▼・・・一  I・−1  

サ 的 l∫つ ぃー 「r qつ I l   q> の 1㌣ N N r■  

I・・・」  l・・・■  I・・一  −  ■・・・■  I−−■  

t=〉 く⊃ Cn ∽ くゎ O〇 l    ト q⊃ くエ〉 寸 寸 1群   トー Cn の ぐq (=) 0〇 l   は〉 ,サ+∪つ+『  Lr⊃ 寸   の サ リつ Lr⊃ l ∝〉 eq Lrつ  

0〇 の 0⊃ し〔つ    ゃ Cこ〉 仁・− ▼・・−■  「・・・■  ▼・−1  ■・・」       −」  ▼・・−l ▼−・■  

q⊃ L/つ の N I の く⊃ ヤー  

0〇  ト  ト uつ   ・寸● の q⊃ −・→  ▼・・{  −  ▼−→       ▼・→  −−1  ■−イ  

0〇 ロつ の 【ベ  ト しr) q⊃ Cq   ぐつ 亡つ ロつ 亡、 【、 【、 ロつ Uつ  

N N N N N N N ぐq  

ト 寸 の r叫 N uつ 甘 く♪  

く♪ Qさ  ト の の の m m   Cヾ ぐヾ Cq 耶 ぐ勺 N N N   rl∝) 灯〉は)∝  く:0 く.D てr   m N Cヾ ぐq Cq 耶 ぐヾ 銅  

■・・・・・1  ■・・・■  ■・1  l・・・■  ▼・・・・1  ▼・・・■  ▼一■  ▼・・・・{  

⊂⊃ 卜 (:0 ∽ N の ⊂り 書→  

の ぐヾ N 内 的 N N N ▼・・}  I・・・・・ぺ  ▼・・・・・l l・−1  ナ・・」  −・・・」  −・・・■  ■・・・■  

∝) ■マ Ln ▼T N Uつ N 【−  

CO q⊃ d⊃ q⊃ の 【■− ロ〇 OD  

⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ 【■■− 、=) ■▼コ・ 「r の 00   の 0〇  ト 仁一  ト  ト 卜 ご−・  

C⊃ 寸 0〇 0〇 トー ごq q⊃ m   C> くゎ の ト  ト IJつ の Cわ  

N  ▼・}  ▼・・} l・・・→ I・・■ I・・一  「・・・・l 【・■  

⊂⊃ 的 くD く=) uつ LJつ ㈹ ぐつ   く=) ト くエ) く」D Lr〕 し つ 0〇 卜  

N 】・・■ ▼・−ぺ ▼・・■ r■ ▼→ I−ぺ ▼・・■  

q⊃ しっ ■−イ N N ⊂⊃ ■・・{ ⊂〕  

『疇 「やl,寸 ■寸t や C巧 「デ 噌  

N Cヾ N Cヾ ⊂勺 N N N  

▼・・r N  ●マ■ N  卜 ▼・・→ ロ⊃ ⊂⊃  

く♪ く.D ▼サ 寸 の の Lゴつ くエ〉  

ぐq N 鋼 C勺 ご勺 Cヾ N ぐヾ  

碕.コ ∽.コ の.の  

の く⊃  

J cq  

r■  ▼1  

■て■■ 【、  N  ⊂) ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃  

▼・・■ Cわ 0〇 く⊃ (=) く=)  

亡†つ N ぐ勺   N 、てr  ■可■ ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃   

;Yつ −−1 0〇 ⊂⊃ e ⊂⊃  

銅 N  

卜・1−イ Lrつ こつ く> く>  

の こ> の く> く:⊃ く>  

N ぐ†つ N  

⊂⊃ ▼・・→ CO ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃  

OD uつ 〔、 ○ くっ く⊃  

「・−1 I→  t−・1  

くp (=> 銅 く⊃ ⊂> く⊃  

I・・づ N Cく) ⊂> ⊂> ⊂> ぐ)1∝〉 (N  

マ ・・{ しD ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃   

【、  m ぐつ ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃  

Cq 即 「■  

0〇 0〇 【、 ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃  

N O〇 0〇 く⊃ ⊂⊃ (=〉  

の N ぐq   Lrつ 草つ uつ く⊃ t〇 亡⊃  

N ⊂⊃ rつ ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃  

ぐ一つ N ▼・・■  

?0 ?0 ∞.昭︻ め.の ∞.〇 卜.〇  

¢.〇 〇.〇 〇.宗 〇.り ト.の 〇.や  

誓罵 の.∽ の.のN て讐 て蒜 の.m︻  

トの∵hd可  卜竿qむh  芦︐g之  誤.・q式  

斡  

∽  

斡  

∽  

斡  

こ乃  

ロコ  

∽  

斡  

∽  

Pコ  

∽  

仁q  

∽  

斡  

∽  

仁q  

∽  

くゎ  ト  

トニ 亡J  

卜  I r■ の   亡、−     卜 く.D  

の I m uつ  

く.D    ロつ †・・叫 ▼・・・」      ▼■■  {  

C勺  暮 I・・{ uつ  

ゃ     N I−■ †→      ▼−・■  事・・1  

営両︼U遥︒Uぷじ感国憲︵〇S聖合冊霊−拐p莞︵p︶むhn扇恕d已むト恕竃き・椚む3dト   〇.的 〇.︻  ∽.コ=N.¢  

l Cn+くヾ   

『Jld  

亡■− †→ く> く⊃  

⊂) く訝〉 (芯ト くっ  

の N Cq  

∀ ▼一叫 ▼・・■ こっ   こ〉 針】 くに〉 くっ  

の N I・−1  

く:〉 N N  

⊂〉 一∝〉 (ニ  

Cヽ8 閃   こ〉 1式〉 lエ   こ)1∝〉 く㌍  

ごq †−■  

夢.g芝  野.警句  浣..邑叫  声.ぷむ料  芦・昌宏  

⊂⊃ 0〇 ▼・・・1 N ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ 【■− m   の の 亡■− くっ く> くっ の m  

銅 N N  

N N   Lごつ ⊂> Cわ ⊂⊃ ○ く> く⊃ Liつ  

「r −寸1 ぐq く⊃ ⊂> C) ヽ椚 Iごつ  

N I・・づ  T−j   r叫  

の 【、 ヽT m ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ m ▼・・{  

Uつ 【、  a⊃ ∝)・・一 ⊂⊃ しn 手つ  

耶 N ぐq   N ぐ勺  

q> Ln の こっ く> くっ くっ の  

【、 くコ:〉 U⊃ 、=) ⊂⊃ ⊂⊃ −■ ⊂⊃  

l l ▼・・{ m I・・−・+ごつ  l ▼・→  

t−1 の の く>     N   ぐつ N N ▼・・・−     m   卜 しJつ Lr⊃ の ▼・} 一寸 寸 uつ   の て㌢ N ⊂> の uつ P一 卜   N N  ▼・・・」 ▼・・{  ▼・・{     N  【   L王つ め Lr) Ln t」つ Cq uつ IJつ  

∝〉 くカ 【◆−− r■ I−」 くっ の q>  

N N 即 N N N N  

Uつ N  【  ▼・・→ しiつ −・・「 爪 ⊂⊃  

00 uつ か 亡一 亡ヾ (=〉 ■寸lくや  

ご勺  【†  

I→  

e勺 Lrつ IJつ m ぐヾ  ト くゎ く.D   亡−− く£〉 m ゃつ q⊃ め q〇 ▼・■  

N N †・・■ r叫   耶 N  

の 卜 くエI u> q〇 亡− く> Lr)  

寸 ⊂) 爪 Ln lJつ IJつ Lr) 蹄 耶 ▼−■       I→  

.ぉおー∈0ゴOq:  

.恕L訂完Od℃n∽.  

むー焉−⁝d鳥ぢ蔦裟禁色ゴりp仁雨お苫hO叫霊dq   

寸㌘.−nb   寸l  

mI  

N叫  

tH  

N滅  ︷滅  

qN  

∽Z  廿Z  

nZ   NZ  

一Z  

念叫∈コdS  

寸Ⅰ  

のi  

禦  

−i   削減  

一頭  

∽之  

爪Z  マN  

nZ   NZ  

一Z  

賀軍票乳首だ  

GO霊dぶS  

(6)

、;ン   ト、●●−・−ニー、・.ミゝ:−、‥、‥∴・:さ.・−ミ∴、\∴∴.‥二二こ;∴−;主ミご、ご・:十ご:J・!、∴l‡:;∴ミ;∴、∴、−∴:、  

(BL)wasdefined as thenotochordleng・thin yolksac,Preflexion and flexionlarvaeandthestandard   le咽もhinposぱ1exionlarvaeandjuveniles.16)Alloftbe叩eeimenscollectedduringth8Sもudyared叩OSited  

attheFまぶheriesR¢SearehLaboratory,MieUniver8iLy(FR工JM),  

Results   

Gencl・alaspcctoffishcggdistribution  

Atotalor4,771曙gSeOllectedwereclassiぎiedintolltaxa(でable4).ぶαrdi花eヱZα2比托α£;(Clupeidae)  

eggsoccurredmostabundanも1yinthelowerstationsorthe‡ヾa嘗araandKisoRiv8rS(Nl−N3andKl)in   summel∴Ko′10SinLSPとLTICEclttlSandTriocan血LSt>iactLLe血LS(Triacanthidae)eggswerealsoabundant.  

beingrecordcdin spring and summer.LleSpeetivcly.Although cyprinid aIld Sa[ongicJithユ}S micT10doTl   曙gSareadhesive,theywerecollectedby軌elarvalnet,therormerprobablyhavingbecomedeもached   rromsubstratapriortosampling.ScL[cmgicht)l)・SmicT・Odoneggswercco11ectedwheIlthenetjust・tOuChed  

Lheril・erbed.Thlleet)▼peSO[unidenti[iElbユeeggswcrecaughtinthe、壷inityoftherivermouths.The)・Were  

sphericalinshape,buoyantandwithasingleoilglobule,butcouldnotbeidentified(typeA:Ca.0.6mm   ineggdiameterandea.0.15mminoilg・lobulediam¢ter;typeB:Ca.0.7mmin曙gdiameterandea.0.15   mminoilglobulediameter;typeC:Ca.1.Ommin曙gdiameもerandca.0.30mminoiまglobulediame短ご).   

Thelo\\rel・Stations.Nl−N3andKl.weremoreabundantin both number ofeggs ELnd number of taxa   thantheuppcrstations(Figs.3. l).TheuppcrNagaraRi、・erStations\VereVer)TPOOrinfisheggs.nonc   atallbcingatstationN5.Theover811numberoreggsincreasedinsurnmeratthelo\VerStations,0\Ving  

Tablc 1.ListofFishEggsCollecLed  

Taxa   No.0reggS   Station(s)l   Season(s)‥  

Clupeidae   

蝕rdご花egZαZ比乃αβ£   

必粕淵血勘㍑枇紬加  

Eng・raulidae   

動脚Ⅷ通ゎ毎w諭闇   Cyprinidae  

Salang・ichthyidae  

2808   Nl−N4(0),Ⅹ1,Ⅹ2   Su   665  

NトN3,Ⅰく1.11−】3  

Sp  

16  

Nl−N3,Jく1  

Sp−A  

7  

N6   Sp−Su  

W  

Sp,A    Su   蝕gα托g£eゐ班ッきm£crodo71  

8  

Callionymida8    月印Om扶Ce托昆ぷSp.  

S01enoidei   Tria(:anthidae   

7ナiαCα托£九㍑∫わiαC比ヱeα£昆∂  

Unidentiriablc A   Unidenlifiable B  Unidentifiable C 

l l l   K K K      2  

−.   ●√    ◆. 王 2 2 2  N N N l石  l・l︐l︐K  

N N N  

u u u P  S くU S S  

9 1 7 0U  

5 2 4  

6 4 2  

(0),,indieateseolleetionma血whenthed8mgateSWereOpen.  

‥A:autumn(November);Sp:Spring(ApriトMay);Su:Summer(Juiy・August);W;Winter(February).   

(7)

Lar、rEllFishFELunaintheNagar・aRil・・erEstuElrl・   43  

ね 叩aWnlng がぶαrdi乃eヱ〜α Z㍑花αβfand rわ血㍑igα£侵ぶ,∬0乃0ぶir㍑ぶ β㍑花ご£α£㍑古色nd jモ叩Om㍑ごe花㍑5  

(Callionyrnidae)eggswerecapturedabundantlyat$tationsN3inM&y1996andNlandN2inNovember  

1996,reSpeCtively.  

Generalaspcc10rlal・llalandjuYenilefishfauna  

Atotalor17,8481arvaeandjuvenilescollectedwereclassiriedinto23familまesand37speci¢S,including   Repom【LCenuSSp(p).,ChoeTlOgObtL上S!LrO加nhcolnplcx(Gobiidae)and⊥lforms of uIlidentiriablc  

gobiids(Table5).でhelo耶rS七色もions,NトN3,Kl,K2andIIshowedagr組ter diversity oどspecies′  

COmpOSitionthantheupperstations(Fig.5).Species compositionsaもthetwouppermost8tation$inthe   NagaraRiver(N5and N6)were very simpie,COnSisti咽Or mainly unidentiriable Gobiidae NAin   Summer,タ£ecogヱ0ぶぶ㍑βα〜£iueZ;ぷα〜抽e鮎(Plecoglossidae)in auもumn,andぷαg∽g£c如たッ∂m£crodo乃  

(duringth8 Opengaとes period)orCo批βre〜花£よ(Cottまdae;a鮎rgateごloぷure)iれWint訂.Dominant  

SpeCiesatthelowerN8,garaRiverstationsweresimilartothoseatthelowerstationsin the Kiso(Kト  

Ⅹ2)andlbi(IトI2)Rivers,butdifferedfromthoseattheupperstationsintheNagara(N4−N6)andIbi  

(王3・Ⅰ4)Rivers(Table6).DominantspeciesweresimまIarattheupperstationsintheNagaraandIbi  

Rivers.  

ー  O l 巾     ■0    0    −  抽   10   1  コ帽十S 

軋 

約  

0      1  1  

0      1   

0      1  

0  

1  

10  

1  

1  

00  

10¢  

10  

1  

︼二︻mm︼忘正−0もqEコ邑  

Fig13・Seasonaleh飢一geSinnumberoffishcggseollectedaleaehstationl   

(8)

・;;   

\−−、、モ 

∴.・ 

ThenumberorspeciesgenerallyincreELSedinsuInmCr and\、1nter.eXCCpt at the upper Nagara Ri\Tell  

Stations,Whereonlyafewspecieswerefoundandtheseasonalchang・einnumberofspecieswasminimal  

(Fig・.6).Therewerenoclearseasonalchangesinnumbersofindまvidualsateachstation(Fig.7),the   annualfluctuationsin number orlfLr\・ae and juveniles ateaCh station being some\\▼hatlarge and  

Obscurlnganyerどectorseasonalchang・eS.でheNovember1996and1997peaksattheupperNagaraRiver   Statio】1SrCSultedfl・OmalargenumberorP.a.cz]Liucltslall\・ae.Thepcaksin August1995at stations N3   and K2were attributable to蝕rd王花eZgαZ㍑花αβ王,in April1995aもN2and Klandin April1997aもIlto  

Aごα托班ogoむ£㍑ぷβαUgmα花uS(Gobiidae),andinyebruary1997aもN3toCo伽ぷrei乃i£.  

Sirnpson sindexordi\・erSity一丁 for thelar\・alandjuvenile fish assemblageateachstation genel・allさ・  

increasedinsummcl・and\\′inter(Fig.8).butdeercasedgraduallyfl・Omthelo\\,ertOthe upperstations   intheNagaraand‡biRivers.AtstationN4,itclearlydecreasedafterApril1995,followlngClosure of  

damgates.However,nOSlgnificantchangesintheindexbeforeandafterg・ateClosurewereapparentat  

the other stations.  

Pianka sindices or8imilarity18〉of thelarvaland juvenile fish assemblag・eS between station Nl  

(lowermost)and the oもher Nagara River stations decreased somewhat graduallyin an upstream  

心火出トm訊︼儀EちーぷEコヱ   ﹂者  qO﹂トp  >OZ  ち﹁  L訂≡  月○軋ゆの.  >0之  功〇く  ﹂倉﹁  qO﹂肌仇.  >○ヱ  ︻⊃﹁寸仇.  

夢   歩  

Fig.4.SeasonalchangesinnumbeTOffisheggtaxacollectedateachstation.   

(9)

Larval】アish‡PaunainもheNagaraRiver】ヨstuary   45  

Tablc5.ListorLal・\・alEuldJtl\・enile FishesCo11eeled  

No.orinds.  

StatioIl(s)●  

553 Nl−N4(0),N5(0),Kl,K2,I1  

25  

Nl−N3,Ⅰトほ  

171 NトN4(0),Kl,K2,Il,Ⅰ2  

1   N4(C)  

S闘On(s)‥ Sはどe(s)… MYle桐油(mm)  

Su   Ll−し1 1ふ10.5    Sp−Su   L2  

Ll.9・11.1  

Sp,A L2−u  2ふ16.4  

Sp  

L3   10.6  

A−W L2_u   4.4_27.5   W−Su   L2−J   4.臥32.3  

Sl〕eCies  

Clupeidae   

おd£托e£gα2乙〝tαS£   

盈抑矧血勘叩邪知加   Eng・raulidae   

ぷ花grα㍑〜£ぷノqpO7混比ぶ  

Cyprinidae   

フナ£わogo(ゴ0花んαゐ0乃e花βiざ  

Plecoglossidac   

アgecog£0β∂㍑gα££加ヱ王βα〜ぬei£β 7608  NトN6,Kl,K2,Il,Ⅰ3,Ⅰ4  

Salangichthyidae  

1097  Nl−N6(0),Kl,K2,ⅠトⅠ4  

1  

N3   

6   NトN3.Ⅰく1.Ⅰ2  

2  

Nl   

1816  NトN6.Kl,K2,Il,Ⅰ3,Ⅰ4   

5  

N2.N3.K1   30   Nl,N3,Ⅰ4  

1   Ⅰ3  

3   エく1   

37   NトN3,Kl,K2    12   Nl−N3.K1  

2   Il,Ⅰ2   

10   Nl−N3,K2    202   Nl−N3,Il,Ⅰ3,王4  

1  

N1   

3  

Nl,K1   

92  Nl・N4(0),Kl,K2,王1    118  

NトN3,Il・Ⅰ4   

182   Nl−N3,Kl,K2,Il,Ⅰ2  

1  

N3  

103  Nl・N6,Kl,K2,Il,Ⅰ3,Ⅰ4   こ1639 Nl−N3,N6(0).Kl.Ⅰく2.ⅠトH   

6  

Nl−N3.N4(0),Ⅰく1   908  

Nl−N6.Ⅰく1.Ⅰく2,Il−Ⅰ 1  

111  NトN6,Ⅹ1,Ⅹ2,Il,‡3   

33   N4・N6,K2   

4  

I1   

298   Nl−N6∴Kl.11  

1  

N2  

3   Nl.‖   

ぶαZα7堵£ご加わ鳩m王ごrOdo托  

Scorpaenidae   

ぶeむαg£e8ま花erm£∂   

ぶeむαざ£iぶC乙 gmαrmOrα£㍑ぶ  

Platycephalidae   

㌘払妙e印加〜比ぷSp. m8唱OChi    Cottidae   

Coと£比grei花ii   

Co比uぷたαZiゐα  

Percichlhyidae   

エα£eoヱαbrα霊ノ8pO花£cαぶ  

Centrarchidae   

エepomiぶmαごrOC最r㍑g   Carang・idae   

升α亡ん㍑r㍑ぶノ叩Orも£e㍑S   

かecqpね㍗捉βmαr猛αd∂i  

Leiognathidae   

エeiog花α£九㍑β花沈eゐαgiβ  

Sparida¢   

Acα乃£ゐopαgr㍑ggCゐ〜egeヱま  

Sparidae   

Ⅳiわeαmi£ぷ㍑ゐ比rii  

Pholididae   

タ九oZ£ぶ花eわ㍑〜0ぶα  

Bl¢nniidae   

タαrαむ〜e乃乃i比ぷツα£αわei   

Omoむrα花Cゐ㍑ざZo£OZO花㍑∫   

Omoむrα托Cゐぴgeヱegα花β  

Ammodytidae   

Ammoめ庖ぷperぶ0花α£比β   Callionymida¢   

属叩Om比Cerl㍑ぶ叩(p).  

Gobiまdae   

ブナidだ花よigeJ・わ擁βC£α£㍑ぷ   

仇αe花OgOむi祝ぷ㍑rOぬe花iαCOmPlex  

.4cロ†l【/10gOわ山s/JdLイJIlαn‖S    Acα指摘ogoむi㍑ぶぬc£わeぷ   

GobiidaeNA   

Gobiidae NB    GobiidaeNC    GobiidaeNK   

Dam喝ed(unidentiriable)  

Gobiidae   Centrolophidae   

アβe花0卵とβα乃Omαgα  

Pleul・OneCtidae   

タ〜e㍑rO花eC£eぷVOゐ0んαmαe   

L4   9.4   L2,L3   3.3−6.7   

L3.J   5.9−11.2    L2_J   5.5_16.5   L2−J   6ふ12.O    L4−J  12.5−20.0  

し1  

10.O  

J   9.6−12.5  

L3−J   5.5−20.O    L2,L3  1.7−4.7  

L2  

3.0−3.4  

L2  

1.8.3.3   

L2−し1 13.1−27.5   L3   5.9   

L2  

2.8.3.O  

L2−J l.8_16.O    L2−L4   4.6−21.5    Ll−L4   1.2−8.0   W  

A・Sp  

Su    W−Sp   

W    W−Sp  

Su   Su    Su   Su  

Sp  

Su   W   A    Su    Su  

W    Su−W  

Su  

A・Sp  

W−Sp   

Sし1  

Sp−Su   Sp−A   

Su   Su.W  

10.▲1   3ふ30.0   3.9−18.0  

2.3−3.2   1.8−6.0   2.ト4.5   2.2−4.0   1ふ5.8   

J  

L2.L3.J    Ll−J   Ll.L2   

Ll−L3   L2.L3   L2   L2  

J   12.O   

L3_u   8.3■11.2   

(Tobe∽ntinu¢d)  

(10)

い  

ト‥一圭一−:1:∴・−・‥・二・㌍∴−、、よi・i・.:∴十‥ニ十」・J∴二∴・−∴、−/−ぅ‥・∴.:‥、、∴ト∴∴ニー・・  

Tablc5.Lis10fLal・\・alandJu\・enilcFishesCollccted(Continued)  

Season(s)‥ Staどe(s)… Bodylength(mmj   Slation(s)●  

ドン・・こi・エ  

こ。こ 

でriaeanもhidae   

27  

Nl_N3.Ⅰく2  

Su   L2  

1.0−1.9   

2  

Nl,N3   Su−A L2−L3  2ふ3.6  

コケiαCα花£ゐ㍑ぶわiαC乙£〜eα£㍑β  

Monacanthidae   

属昆dαr£比ぶereO亡プeぶ  

Dama榊    ・ (0),,and (C) indicat¢ごO11ectまonmadeonlywh¢ndamgateswer屯Openandclosed,reSpeetively・   

‥A‥autumn(November);Sp:Spring(ApriトMay);Su:Summer(July・Augu5t);W:Whter(y血ual・y)・   

…Ll:yOllくSae18rVae;L2:preflexionlarvae;L3:ど1exionlarvae;L4:pOStど如ionlarv略Jりuveniles・  

掴 拍 榊 相 加 ○00 ー︵邑 

遥仁旦d−∽   ︵邑文⊂0呈慮ゆ  

的 紺 朋 銅 ○∞ 附 桝 朝 綱  

︵邑笠盲岬義明 1 ︵邑墓仁○琶S   ︵ボ︶門−⊂○慧苗  ︵藍望琶慧苗  

適錮 甜00⁝⁝﹄  

竹邑M之ぢ9−冨︼∽   ︵藍亡○芯月∽  ︵邑N滅亡○芯月の  

冨ごま繋留頗   閃 闘  紺 ○∞  

︵邑;UO︼18S   ○  ∧V  0  8  ¢  ■﹁   冨ゞUOコ8S  

h阜  

一〇Lト小■   

≧羞   

︻⊃﹁  

ト疇苫  

月○軋ゆ研−   

>○道  

政−尋  

h▲才  

力也仏拍巾.   

ゝ○之   

︼コり蔑.  

一号   

妻だこ㌫.   

○之   

︻長.  

き羞  

電灯︻爪昂.   

>0王  

研コく  

一号   

qO﹂∽か.   

ゝ○之   

ち﹁茅  

Fig.5.Seasonalehangesin叩eCiescomposiもionorlarvalandjuvenilefishesaもeaehstation・  

Ar‥Acα花£如goあi比葺畑びimα乃uβ;Ap‥Ammoめ虚言perβ0乃α£㍑β;C・仇αenOgOわi∽㍑rO£?肌ぬ.complex;  

Ck:CotEILSIeE7=i厄;Cl・:Co仙STleinil;Dm:DccnptenLS mnnLCZdsi:Ej:ETZgratLLisjopoT−iczLS:Ⅰくb:  

∬α′・e去㍑βわieogorα£捕;Kp:∬0花05gr昆βp㍑花C拍£uぷ;Lj:エα如加rα芳ノ叩0花王c㍑g;Ln= エeよog乃α£九㍑g  

乃㍑eたα触NA:Gobiidae NA;NB:Gobまidae NB;0:Others(1ess than13%in proportion);Oe:  

Omoむ和花C克昆β gねgα那;01:Omoわ和乃eゐ㍍ Zo£OZO花㍑£;P: Magocl−i ダ払妙C呼んα最古sp・;Pa:  

タヱecoggoぷぷ昆βα抽egigα紬eヱig;Pn:ダた0£iタ花eむ㍑Zo∂α;R:属印Om㍑ごe几昆βSp(p)・;S:励わα∂と£ぷC昆β  

mαrmOrα£㍑β;Sm:助ぬngね如たッgmよcrodo托;Sz:蝕rdi托e肋z肌那i;Tb‥升iαCα花王九㍑βわ払c混血餌ぷ;でj:  

升αごた比r㍑gノ叩071ic!上β.   

(11)

Lar\・alFishFaunaintheNagaraRi\!erEstuary   47  

西之む房p叫両β0ロ  

亘Zむ頭p⁝30び  

霊ld已00   

ぷだむぷ23吟点心0軸0忌日威じ  

めぷぷじだ3q巧霊L偏琶だ鳶叫   

だ0℃OLU冊∈め息芯登明和だぷ叫巧  

叫3だぢ∈囚毒管3ぶ0軸0雲だ警﹃  

志ld∈OU   

ぷだむぷOL3竃還0軸0だむe書︶   

だ0℃OLO悌∈∽︑ぷぷじ馬だぷM巧  

叫3だQ∈皿昌管3ぷ0恥○雲賀qU彗  

玉td20U   

霊だむぷOL3埼3ぷ0軸0だむ8べじ  

斡盗むdp両両qOロ  

<託¢dp両州qOぴ  

︽盗む祀p霊qOび   宍登ど蔓た致ぎ嘆息ぎ童拐  

∽3買q∈叫毒管∽3ぷQ軸Qべ竃警句  

むじてds  

二こ∵−ごソ三・ご︵†−こ∵⁚こ︑・ニ︶ここ叫−=章二ノ・きこハ川で∵ここニ︻⁚・三l二こ二:・≒二≡ごて宇二七ニ∴﹁一.竺二三一ご.   

薫扇勺0之  

薫忘pOZ  属扇勺OZ   雨︸再p O之  尋一再pO之  

雨−dp OZ  

叫旬叫覧ぶQ明道心鳶毒づ明宏切0芯OUむ叫軋  

だ0℃Qb叫∈叫ゝゼぷ0協だぷ一哉  

篭だ叫むL勒3叫叫OU  

宍導ど蔓E致ぎ嘆息ぎ薫拐  

叫履だ叫むL的3明いちじ  

明遣む鳶ぶぢ巧遣む鳶叫叫母巧3明叫0叫軸Oq選句  

霊芯∈OU  

ぷeむぷOL3切3叫心Q毎Q琶日々U  

叫囚だ減むL∽330U  

恕的0叫3竜むだ∽叫叫0べ札  

的道警還ぢ巧叫叫む点心叫8∽誘的○〜軸Qむ鳶和  

明減だ皿むL明330U  

宏一d己OU  

ぷだむぷOL3埼3還0旬0だむ漫々U  

旬皿ぶむL叫3叫心OU  罠登ど蔓ヒ監ぎ嘆息ぎ蔓虜  

篭だ叫むL巧3叫叫QU   り3だB∈皿畠qり3還Q軸0霊ee彗  

粥心td∈OU  

ぷだむぷOL3功3叫心○恥0だむ8べU  

日東叫N日々∽3霊OU  

篭だ旬むL的3叫叫OU  

だQ℃OLU叫∈∽ゝゼぷじ旬軸ビぷM巧  

JヱU−き  

的遣警句叫〜8切遺賢還8切3り竃芯QOむ〜札  

的3U叫だ0旨︑∽叫叫3BL知名  

的遣む鳶ぶつ的叫叫む鳶ぶぢ∽誘的0芯○むむ叫勘  

︵乱︶n∽∽3富む3∈Q詠唱  

∽叫叫む鳶竜也明叫叫む鳥篭Q∽讃巧0芯QOむ叫q  

︵d︶d∽Ⅵ3§む3gO詠唱  

的l︼叫む点心叫8∽叫叫む鳶ぷ窃巧3均等芯OUむ叫勘  

切3.3だQ旨︑巧叫叫32沙嘩  

∽3U竃○屯ぢへ叫遣32軸再痘﹁  

叫叫叫む鳶叫叫巧巧遣宝ぷ8吻誘岩叫恥OU鳶札  

.︵d︶dsヨだむU3∈○詠弼  

3童萱診で童尋弘志  

∽偏叫送還8∽吊叫む鳶竜田∽3明等芯OUむ叫恥  

︵d︶d明竃監U3∈0詠唱  

埼遣慧ぷQり遣む鳶曇Q3設○叫恥OUむ叫勘  

当烏誓邑旦恵登戸ち点  

UEコ一コく   句盗むdp叫叫ぷ○び   

簑誌憑壷童≧ぷ登兵  

減り出だ3N窃〜叫むぷ℃LM巧  

鍼之心頭p両叫ぷOU  

∽だQ恥鳶む∽3彗だ2心Q∈○  

西之む房p謡qOロ  

叫りqだ3N8叫叫むだ偏℃Lぷ肌﹁  

U之①dp霊q00  

預託¢dp謡β00  

可Z¢dp両州q00  

斡之ふ蒜p霊βOU  

岩島蔓壷養家ぷ登真  

電Qだ3N8叫叫むだ皿℃L再抗﹁  

叫りqだ3Nぷ叫uだ叫℃LM巧  

慨Z¢鰯p霊qOじ  

Ⅵ§智叫む∽3べU§L竜QgO  

.8G再Puぷ噌箋hむpLO一望p弘已巴hd巴再哲⁝出払s  

斡盗む尋p叫∴這OU  

U之むdp叫叫qOU  

可盗心dp沼qOロ  

LU2∈コS  dコOh地鳥0叫−霊S  

︵p¢SOtO盗電0︶  

叩N・tZ   ︵p①∽0−U∽¢嵩び︶  

uN・†N  

︵U邑OSU一屯営  

mN・tN  

︵雲呑○岩雲d︶  

撃石・寸Z   叩頭J滅  

サワ叩Ⅰ   NT已  

(12)

Seis 

48   ぎ軍法。r王室農㌫E学描冨岩急監禁言語憲‡諾 

Gales Opsn  G8tOSCloさOd  

6   

4   

2   

0   8   

ヰ   

2   

0   6   

ヰ   

2   

0  

12    10  

8   

6   

ヰ  

2  

0  

12    10   

8  

6  

4  

2  

0  

12    10  

8   

8  

4  

2   

0  

盟竃監好意症石膏牽き三吉ヱ空岳一−Oh心慮EOZ   h替  月朗広トp  >○之  

−コつ  

静玉  名正二嵩.  

ゝ○之  

野丘  象ぞ  

妻広肌夢  

>○之  

︼コつ慕.   J茸  qO﹂トp  >○王  ■コ﹁  許苫  一脛こ夢  >○  野卑  一身  一〇﹂消印.  >○王  

︼コつ∀研.  

Fig.6.Seasonalehang・eSinnumberoflarvalandjuvenilefishspeciescollec七¢dateachstationt   direction(Fig.9).Tbeindicesbetweenn扇ghbori咽Stationsdecreasedabruptlybetw¢enN2andN3,and   betweenN3andN4,eXCeptinNovember1995and1996,andFebruary1997whencatadromouslarvaeor㌘・  

a.altiuelisorCo軌8T・einiiweredominantanddistributedwidely throughoutthelowerreaches ofもhe   N昭araRiver(Fig.9).  

ダ払∝甘ね朗肛針扉舘躇濫狛裏蝕川路1arvae  

Catadromouspreflexionlarvaeorタ£eごOg払ββ㍑βαヱ如e£igαヱ£王びei£ぶ(4.4−8.8mmBL),WereCOlleetedin  

NovemberatallstaLions,eXCePtSLationI2wherenocollections\Vere madein that mo11th.Thclar、・ae   occurredabundantlyatstationN6in1994,atN4andN6in1995,andaもN4−N6andI4in1996(yig.10)・  

Them組nbodylengthsofthelarvaecollectedat軌elo胴r(Nl−N3;6.85mm)andupper(N4−N6;6・49   mm)NagaraRiverstationsandRまsoRiverstations(KトK2;6.22mm)werealmostthesame,ther¢b扇ng   nosignificantdifferences(β>0.05)in1994(Fig.11)・However,themeanbodylength at thelower   NagaraRiversはもions(6.37rnm)was軸nificanuylessthanatもheupperNag色raRiversもaもions(7・20   

(13)

LarvalFishFaunaintheNagaraRi\一erEstual・)▼   49  

琶£二ざ三選竃ぎ竜塵完璧ぎ弓;碧−0一党苫ヨ邑   1  翰  Ⅶ  1  

0  

1  

鉦 霊屋要員ぎ羞歪富葛羞空音  

羞鼻音羞膵屋澄吾   

1  

1M  

l00  

10  

1  

100  

10  

1   

100  

10  

1   

Fig・7・Sea$Onalcbangesinnumberorrishlarvaeandjuvenilescolleet8dateaehstation.   

mm;p<0・01),andwasalmost沈esameasattheXisoRiverstations(6.16mm;p>0.05)in1995.In   1996,th¢m組nlengthatthelowerNagaraRiv¢rStations(5.73mm)wasalmosもthesameasatthelower   IbiRiv¢rSもation(Il;5・92mm;p>0義05),butsignまricanuylessthanatもheupp¢rStationsortheNagara  

(7・22mm)andIbiく払Ⅰ4;6.50mm)Riv肝Sb<0.01).でhem組nbodylenかhatもh¢lowerIbiRivers七色tion  

(Il)wasalsosignirまean糎1¢SSthanat払eupperstationsb<0皿).Aft¢rthedamgateswereelosed,  

1arvaewereeollectedinlargequantitiesaももheupp¢rNagaraRiver8ぬもions,themeanbodyleng払atN4   beingsignificantlygreaterthazlatN6(p<0.01)(Table7).  

ByF¢bruary,thelarvaehadgrowntothefl狐ionorposもrl¢Ⅹion8ta酢S,11.4・27.5mmBL(Fig.11),  

OCCurrま喝atthelowerNagaraRiversもaもionsin1996and1997,andtheIbiRiverstationsin1997(Fig 10).  

InFebruary1997,汰emeanbodylen離hsatth¢lowerN昭araRiverstations(15.6mm)and血eupper  

(15,6mm)andlower(15.9mm)IbiRiver8tationswerealmostth¢Same(p>0,05).   

(14)

50  

Seis観覧㌘鞄。㌣恕慧ど望響論旨Eア㍊冨譜ゝ竃三豊警抽一恕恋慕霊設㌘Å・  

_______二  

L血  

L皿−  

」塩  

二 

野ig.臥 SeasonalchangesinSimpson,sindexofdiversityat8aChsね豆on・   

SaEangicIzthysmicT10doTllarvaeandju、■eniles   

PreflexionlarvalもOiuvenilestagesor蝕Zα花gic如ゐッβm£ero血乃Wer¢COlle由drromFebruarytoJuly  

(ぎigs.12,13),althoughinFebruary,Onlypreflexionlarvae(4・9−臥2mmBL)occurred・InFめruary1995,  

wh占nth¢damg扇eswer¢Open,numerOuSlarvae耶reeOllectedaも伽upperNagaraRiversぬtions・In   Fめruary1996,When血¢gaも錯WereClosed,nOぶ・m£cro血花1arvae朋reeOllectedattheNagaraRivぼ   stations,alもhough血yoecurredintheIbiRiversねもions・Inyebruary1997,Onlylllarvae(2もOWS)椚re   collectedintheNagaraRiveratstationN3・  

Thelarvae卵nerallyr8aChedtotbeflexionorposぱ1釘donstagesinAprilorMay,andthejuv¢nilestage   inJuly・InAprまlorMay,汰elarvaeu$uallyoccurredat血lowerstationsinthethreeRivers,havi喝  

widerangesinbodylength・rrhelengthcompositioninApril1995showedaunimodaldistribution,but   thos¢inMay1996andApril1997椚rebimodal(Fig.14).Moreover,inApril1997,Smallerpreflexion  

lar\・aeWeredominant.   

(15)

Larvalyishyaunain払eNagaraRiverEsもuary  

51  

0 0  0 0  5  

とて空∈−Sち×むp亡−S−帽よ亡巾一d   M  

F8b.,97   

、 てトー‥−○−‥・−0  

8  N  

5 N  

4  N  

3 N  

N2  N3  伸事  N5  N6NI N2  

Stl爪10∩  

Nl  

Fig.9・Pianka,sindexofsimilarityroreach8amplingdate・Opencirclesindicateindices   bet\Veen Station Nland the other stations;SOlid circles,indices between station N6  

andtheotherstations;andstars,indicesbetweenneighboringstations.  

CotLusreLniElarl・aeandjul・eniles  

PreflexionlarvaltoJuVenilestagesofCo助Srein£iwerecouectedinFebruaryandÅpril・Althoughless   abundantin1995and1996,they購reeXけemelyabundantin1997(Fig,15)・InF¢bruary1997,prerlexion   topostrlexionlarvae(5ふ10.6mmBL)werecollected(Fig・16),themeanbodyl◎ngth8aもthe upper   stationsofboththeNagara(N4−N6)andIbi(Ⅰ3−Ⅰ4)Riversbeingsigniricantlygreatertbanatも加lo椚r   stations(Nl−N3andIl;P<0.01).  

InApril1997,1arvaeonlyoccurredatthelowerNagaraRiversもationsandbothlarvaeandjuvenilesat   theIbiRiverstations.Sampleseolleeもedat七heNagaraRiverstationseonsistedoronlyflexionlarvae  

(8ふ10.7mmBL),Withara汰¢rnarrOWbodylengthra咽e(Fig,1軋 How飢er,沈oseattheIbiRiver   

(16)

メ‥−−ミ!・・上さニデ、…ミ∴・:、∴ご〜ミミ〔三∴、ミ.Iトト:、∴∴−−・‥it:ミ∴:!.王∴ミ:二∴・、…ご:ぐミ・い.ご;て・二:∴:こ‥−ここ:−ニーミ∴‥∴・  

52   

警芸忘議Ⅷ5︒㌍U︒▼︒2−︒ 

川柳脚㈹⁝刷紺︒  

●コ巾︑篤己コ望聖r空相S竜>≡巾S⊃Sの○︼官営孟−○︼中q∈コZ  

NI N2 N3   N4 N5 N¢   KI K2  

⁝㈹㈹ 摘㈹は㍑  

N N K N N  

NI N2 Nユ   N4 N5 N8   K   氾⁝   場印.d心﹂  

NI N2 Nう   Nヰ N$ N¢   】2 椅  

N N  

刷㈹冊‖ 瞞㈹⁝M  

N‖ ‖N  

NI N2 N3   Nq N5 N6   1113 14   200  

1SO   lOや  

S0  

0  

ト仇∴qu﹂  

10   20   30  

Bodyしongthtm呵  

Fig.11.Bodylengths orPLecogZossLLS CELLiueLis   o吊uelislar\▼ae.Horizontalbarsindicate   ranges,Verticalbars means and rectan−  

glesmeans±sLandardde\・iation.  

NI N之 N3   Nヰ N5 N8   St8t18∩   

Fig.10.Numberofダ£eごOggOぶg㍑βαま如eヱよs   OZt[L・eZislar\,aeCaPturedperhaul   ateacbstation.  

Table7.Range,MeqnandStandardDeviation(SD)ofBodyLength(mm)  

Of Catadromous PZecogEossus oZtiuelis cLZtiuelis Lar\・ae at the   UpperNagaraRiverStationsinNo\・ember  

1995   1996  

N4   N6   N4   N5   N6  

Range  4.88−8,75  5,50−7.50  5,餌場.13  5.75・臥00  5.63・7.88   Mean   7.77   6.64   7.33   7.24   7.08   

SD   O,45   0.84   0.38   0.35   0.38  

1001且rVaemeaSur8d at eachstation.  

−(ヽ   

(17)

LarvalFishFaunaintheNagaraRiverEstualT   53  

K13。R. 革  

⊃  

N8g8ra札  

1  

0   2∞  

$0  

0   140  

NIN2 N3   N4 N5 N$   KIK2  

鵬鵬根 購M殿  桐M Kl 桐M椚  

設.Ja  説∴月¢軋  

NI N2 日8   N4 N5 N6   KI K2  

ち苺︑め苫亡ぎコつP亡付駕己5亡○︼ぢ︼0琶玖雲竜笛完扇∽−○毎月EコZ   ほほ  

.  

4小 N N  

NIN2 N3   N4 Nさ N6  

Nag8r8R・D8m   畏  

ゆの..q︳﹂  

β hふ縛胡 相  

N4・N¢  

Nl・N3   暮3  

ほ  

N4・NG   Nl・N3  

tユー仙  

川  

ゆの∴一っつ  

NI Hヱ Nユ   ー小IN5 N6   11 は 13 1l  

‖  

N N  

0   1(〉   20   30  

BodyLongth(m叫  

Fig.1乱 Bodylen酎hs ofぶαぬ門gよご最/拶ぶmねrodo托  

1arvae and juveniles.HoriヱOntalbars   iれdまca紬rangeぷ,yerとicaibars means and   rectanglesmeans±standarddeviation.  

NI N2 N8   N4 日き N6  11 ほ   St8tlon  

yig.12.Numberor勤王α托gic如九ッぶmか−  

0(gO花1arvae alld juveniles cap−  

turedperhaulateachstation.  

stationsshowedwider乱【噂eSinbodyleng・抽(rlexionlarvae臥4−9.9mmBL,aSingleposげ1exionlarva   12.5nlI11BLandjuveniles15.1−16.5rnmBL;Figs.16,1了).  

Gobiidlarl・aC lndjul・eniles.   

Atotalor6.103gobiidlar\・aeandju\・eniles\\・CreCOllect、edinthelo\\▼errCaChesofthe Nagal・a.1biaIld   KisoRivers・Approximately80%wereidentifiedas升ideTuigerb擁scialus,qhaeTWgObiusurota乾草ia   eomplex,Acα乃£九ogoむ;㍑ぷ/ヱαUimα花㍑8andA・Zα£わeざ,theremainderbei咽unidentiriableand声Or七味intD  

1rorms.GobiidaeNA.NB,NCandNK.Ofthegobiidlar\・aeand ju\・eniles.excluding badly damaged   specimens,A.βαUimα托払gWaS払e greatest numerically,aCCOunting for79,9%ofもbe gobiidはteh.   

(18)

メいこ、!?・J∴‥−、・:ご、二、−ご.・㌫∴−∴一i卜こ・∴・、Jl、モ!−、ミご∴−し1モ。∴‡●∴∴r、・一三ミ.ごごモーこ.‥−∴…∴J∴∴・  

54   

■U O   ▲U   ■U   ︷リ  0   ■U   ▲U ■u      ■a  ■/   ▲0   5   ■■   ■J  ウ一  l     −     1  

NI N2 N3   N4ト15 N$  

$$ヰ82 1︒謝掴組澗㈹駒︒3 2  

一コ巾︑ゆ空モむ>⊃つPU巾山元>−q﹂∪芯﹂S⊃右OU−0﹂むq∈⊃ヱ  

ち眉こ型空論一EOpOh登ヒ乳首玉島昏−柏崎葛L申q∈nZ  

NI N2 Nュ   N4 N5 N6   は 13  

∧V       5  

Nl舶 Nき   仙I N5 N$  

NI N2 N3   Nヰ N5 N8   Stさt10∩  

4 ¢ 8 用12 かl購†82022242¢28 ユO  

Bodyしength(mm)  

Fig.14.Size composition ofぶαgα花gic加ゎッβ  

microdo花1arvae and juveniles coト   1ectedin April1995,May1996and   April1997.  

Fig.15.Number ofCo比㍑ざre£乃££1arvae and   ju\▼eniles captured perhaulat eaeh   station.  

Gobiidae NA accounted for15.6%,and Gobiidae NB and C.urotaeniacomplexl.9 andl.7%,  

respectively.Theremaindercomprisedlessthan196.   

Morphologicalchal・aCtCristicsandecologicalaspectsortheunidentiriablegobiids\\rereaSrOllo\\▼S:   

Goわ;i血e脳−Bodyelongated,Ca.26myomeres,pOOrly plgmented;dorsumlacking・m¢1anophores;  

dorsalsurfaceofgasbladderheaYilypigmented;aSinglelal・gebranchedmelanophorepresentonvenLral   midlineoftail(Fig.18A).Yolksactoflexionlarvaewerecollectedatallstations,mainlyinsummer.  

Thelarvacoccu)Tedatboththeupperandlo、VerStationsintheNagaraRi\・erafterthe dam gates\Vere  

elosed.  

Goむ;Z血e〃ぷ−Bodyelo咽aもed,C臥26myomeres;aSl喝1elargebranched melanophore present on  

dorsalmidlincoftail:aSeriesorrnelanophoresondorsalsurfaceofvisceralcavit)・COntinuous\\−iththose   alongventralmldlin¢Ofと卑il,rOrming・aSing・1eblaekline(Fig.18B).Prerlexまonandflexionlarva¢Were   COllectedrromspringtoautumn(p組kin$ummer)atallsもations,eXCepもⅠ2andI3.でbelan7aeOCCurred  

atboththeupperandthelowerstationsintheNagaraRi、▼erafterthedamgntes\VereClosed.  

GobfidoeNC−Bod)・Clon呂・atCd,Ca、26m)・Omel・eS;a SmalllllClanopI】OrepreSent On dorsalmidlineor  

tail;melanophoresondorsalsurraceorvisc8raleav比ywells叩aratedrromeachother;aSlng・l¢Well   

(19)

LarvalFishFaunainもheNagaraRiverEstuary  

55   

…  

F¢b.●ささ  

●  4 1  

N N   ⁝⁝削 ‖  

N N  

10   BodyLongth(mmI  

Fig.16.Bodylengths or Co紬βrei花£ilarvae and juveniles.  

Horizontalb8.rSindicaもe ran酢S,Verticalbars me8.nS   andrectanglesmcans±standardde\・iation.  

一1 0  2  3  

一コqエ︑s−m⊃Pち葛∪OLむq∈⊃Z  

8  9 10 11 12 13 1ヰ 15 18  

日odyしOngth(mm)  

Fig.17.Size composition o(Co血S   reiTZ[ilal・VaCandju\・CIliles eol−  

1ecとedまnApril1997.  

Fig.18.Fourrormsofunidentiriablegobiidlar\・ae.  

A…GobiidaeNA,ぎRLM24163,prerlexion   larva,3.5mmBし2July1994,St.N4.  

B−Gobiidac NB,FRL入;12√116・l,prCrlcxion   larva,3.2mmBL,2July1994,St.N4.  

C−GobiidaeNC,アRLM24165,preflexion   laI・、・a.3.1mmBL,5August1996,SLlく2.  

D−GobiidaeNK,FRLM24166,preflexion   larva,5.7mmBし15下 ebruary1997,St.Il.  

(20)

「..    ト∴:ミ..ミミ七:一十∴、:・1一二・..1∴■:ミ;、・:∴: −‥tミ;∴−1き二:、、こ.:∴.・.・・ノ、・−∴、∴、う㌧・:、・:;ご−ミこ.・ご:ト  

branchedmelanophoreonventralmid‡ineortail(Fig.18C).Prが1exionlarvaewerecollecも¢dinsummer   aも血eupperstationsinもheNagara(N4−N6)and‡乞iso(K2)Rまvers・  

Goわii血e Ⅳ好一Body 8longaもed,Ca・30myomeres;dorsalmidlinelacking melanophores;6   melanophoresonvenもralmidlin¢Oftail(Fig.18D).Atotalor4prefl¢Ⅹionlarvaewerecoll¢Ctedin  

summerandwinteratstaもionIl.  

Discussion   

CllaraCtCl・isticsofttlClarl・alandjul・enilcrishfaunainthelo\l・CrrCaChesorthcN噂araRil・er  

ThelaTValandjuvenilefishescollectedattheNagaraRiverstationsconsistcdmainlybrackishwater  

speciese・g・勤王α托gic如九ッぶm£crodo′1,diadromousmlgrakげySpedese・g・タ£ecogヱ0βぷ㍑ぷαヱ抽e〜i8α払   ueg£βandCo££昆ぶre£花i,andmanyeoasは1marin¢SpeCi8S臥g.βαr(ゴi花eヱZαZ㍑花αβi,gO′10ぷ王「比Sp㍑融α孟㍑ぷ,  

励堺Ⅶ揖=極細祓肌(Engraulidae),OJ乃0むrα花C加βegegα托ぷ(Blenniidae)and Aeα乃班ogoわi昆ββαUi−  

moTil上S.Marinefishes\\,ereCOllectedmainlyatthelowerstatiollS.Nl−N3,e、1enWhenthedamgateswel・e   opⅢ,althougharewg.ノ叩0乃ic㍑β1arvaewereはken飢StationN4〈6.5kmfromtherivermouth)and   SardineLla=lLTICZSiandKczrei!LSbicoLoratLES(Pleuronectidac)1arvacatN5(10.Okm).^ftel・thed8.mgateS   werecIosed,nOmarinefishlarvaeor3uVenilesoccurredattheupperNagaraRiverstaもions.Therefore,  

itwasclear血色tmarinefishlarvaeandjuvenileswereusuallyrestricもedtowithinca・5kmabov¢the   rivermouth,rarelyoccurrl咽beyondthaも即enWhenthedamgateswereop弧 Althoughmostor汰e   marinerまsheggsweretakenrrom如ationsNlandN2,助rdf汀eヱ〜αZ 乃αざieg卵OCCurredatstaもionN4  

Whenthegateswereopen.  

Amongsもthelarvae collected during thi8Sもudy,P・α・αヱ如eg£βW8re the greatest numerically−  

accounti咽rOr42.6%of血eぬtalcatch.Acα花班ogoむi㍑ぶ刃αぴ£mα乃比gCOmprised26・0%ortheto七色lcatれ   andCo血βrei花££,蝕加g£ご九頗ぶmかodo花,GobiidaeNAandぷαrdi花e£〜αg㍑花αぷ£7.4,6−1,5・1and3・1%,  

respectively.Theremainlng SpeCies comprisedless than2%by number・Because ofthe different   m如hodsandgearused,itisdi汀iculもtoeompare払epresenもresult$indetailwiththoseofprevious   workers.However,P.a.altiuelisandgobiidlarvaewerealsofoundtobedominantintheShimanto   Riverestuary,Shikoku,Japan.8〉   

Thespeeiescomposi伍onorthelarvalandjuvenilefishesin血ekwerreachesorthe Nagara Riv群  

chan酢dbothseasona11yandspaもially(Fig.5).Seasonalchangeswereperiodic.eachseasonbei咽   charaeteriヱedby a partieularfaunalcomplemenもat each staもion(Table6):鮎㌻ぬeヱZαZ比花α5£,0・  

egegα花gandothermarin¢risblarvaeandjuvenilesa=ムelowerstations(NトN3),andGobiida¢NAat血   upperstations(N4−N6),insummer;及ノ叩0花ic㍑点and点呼Om㍑ごe花㍑ぎSp(p)・atthelowerstationsandダ・  

a.aztiL!elisatalmosLa11stations,inautumn;ChaenogoむilLSILrOLcLeT血complexandjl・j−laL・imaTlとJSatthe   lo\VerStationsandColtLLSreiTliiEltmainlytheupperstations,inwinLcr;SaloTtgicht]り・S′涙crodonandjll   βαU£mα托㍑ぶatthelowersもationsandGobiidaeNA,N】きandCゐαe花OgOわ£比ぶ沈rO比ほ花£αCOmplex at the  

upp¢rStations,insprlng.Spatまalchangesintbelarvalandjuvenilefishrauna$appearedtobecomplex  

(Fig.軌suchfaunaschan離ng abruptly between statまons N2and N30r beもWeen N8and N4,inもhe  

summerseasons.However,beeausemlgratOrylarvaeweredistributedwidelylnthees七uary,汰elarval   fishfaunagraduallychangedspatiallyduringtheotherseasons,eVenafterthedam g・ateS had been  

closed.   

参照

関連したドキュメント

(See Section 4 for the obstruction.) For principally polarized abelian varieties in general, 1 Flach [Fl] proved that the pairing is antisymmetric, by which we mean hx, yi = −hy, xi

For the above case, we show that “every uncountable system of linear homogeneous equations over Z , each of its countable subsystems having a non-trivial solution in Z , has

Once again, the goal of this section is a characterization of adjunctions, this time in the 2-category EQT ∗ of pointed equipments, in terms of the data that tend to arise in change

図 キハダマグロのサプライ・チェーン:東インドネシアの漁村からアメリカ市場へ (資料)筆者調査にもとづき作成 The Yellowfin Tuna Supply Chain: From Fishing Villages in

Under these hypotheses, the union, ⊂ M/T , of the set of zero and one dimensional orbits has the structure of a graph: Each connected component of the set of one-dimensional orbits

In this paper we focus on the relation existing between a (singular) projective hypersurface and the 0-th local cohomology of its jacobian ring.. Most of the results we will present

Our goal in this short note is to give a quick proof of a stronger result, which immediately generalizes to partially resolve a conjecture of Gica and Luca on equation (1)..

We show in Theorem 1.6 that the 2-category structure can be described more simply in terms of lax braided cat-operad actions.For example, there is a braided cat-operad B (see 1.2)