小児医療に携わる看護師の倫理的な看護実践を強化する介入プログラムの効果

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小児医療に携わる看護師の倫理的な看護実践を強化

する介入プログラムの効果

著者

松森直美

学位名

博士（看護学）

学位授与機関

神戸市看護大学

学位授与番号

24505甲第13号

学位記番号

甲第13号

URL

http://id.nii.ac.jp/1189/00000202/

Creative Commons : 表示 - 非営利 - 改変禁止 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.ja

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ᖺᗘ ༤ኈㄽᩥ

ᑠඣ་⒪࡟ᦠࢃࡿ┳ㆤᖌࡢ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࢆ

ᙉ໬ࡍࡿ௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢຠᯝ

Effects of Intervention Programs to Promote

Ethical Practices for Nurses in Pediatrics

⚄ᡞᕷ┳ㆤ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔

༤ኈᚋᮇㄢ⛬

┳ㆤᐇ㊶㛤ⓎᏛ ᑠඣ┳ㆤᏛ

Ꮫ⡠␒ྕ ᯇ᳃ ┤⨾

㸦ᣦᑟᩍဨ ஧ᐑ ၨᏊ ᩍᤵ㸧

(3)

2017

_{ᖺᗘ ༤ኈㄽᩥせ᪨}

ᑠඣ་⒪࡟ᦠࢃࡿ┳ㆤᖌࡢ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࢆᙉ໬ࡍࡿ௓

ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢຠᯝ

┳ㆤᐇ㊶㛤ⓎᏛ㡿ᇦ 72013005 ᯇ᳃ ┤⨾

ᣦᑟᩍဨ ஧ᐑ ၨᏊ

Ϩ Ϩ㸬◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ ་⒪ࡢ㧗ᗘ໬ࡸከᵝ࡞౯್ほࡢ୰࡛ࠊၿ⾜࡜ࡋ࡚་ ⒪ฎ⨨ࢆཷࡅࡿࡓࡵࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢᶒ฼ಖㆤࡸᡂ㛗 Ⓨ㐩ࢆಁࡍどⅬ࡛ࡢ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡣࡲࡍࡲࡍ㔜せ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋ㧗ᶫࡽ(2012)ࡣᑠඣ┳ㆤ࡟ᦠࢃࡿ┳ㆤᖌࢆᑐ㇟ ࡟ㄪᰝࡋࠊᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ᖺᩘู࡛ 0㹼5 ᖺࡢ┳ㆤᖌ ࡣᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼౵ᐖሙ㠃࡬ࡢᑐฎࡀ┳ㆤᖌ㛫࡛ࡢヰࡋ ྜ࠸࡟␃ࡲࡾ೔⌮ⓗ┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ᣦ᦬ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᑠᯘࡽ㸦2008㸧ࡣࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮ࡢಖㆤࠊ ᝟ሗᥦ౪➼࡬ࡢΰྜ⑓Ჷ┳ㆤᖌࡢព㆑ࡢపࡉࢆࠊ▼ᾆ ࡽ㸦2012㸧ࡣΰྜ⑓Ჷࡢ┳ㆤ೔⌮ࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ேⓗ࣭ ≀⌮ⓗ⎔ቃඹ࡟Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᡂ㛗Ⓨ㐩ࡸ㐟ࡧࡢ᥼ຓࡀ㞴ࡋ ࠸≧ἣࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᑡᏊ໬ࡸ་⒪㈝ᢚไࢆ⫼ᬒ࡜ ࡋࡓΰྜ⑓Ჷ໬ࠊ▷ᮇධ㝔ࡢືྥࡢ୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿ೔⌮ⓗ ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢ୙㊊ࡀㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ ᵝࠎ࡞ᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢሙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢᙉ໬ ࠾ࡼࡧேⓗ࣭≀⌮ⓗ⎔ቃ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ࡀ ᑡ࡞࠸┳ㆤᖌ࡬ࡢᏛ⩦ࡢᶵ఍ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ ࡛ 2012 ᖺ࡟ᑠඣ┳ㆤࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ௓ධࣉࣟ ࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ1 ࠿᭶༙ᚋ࡟࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢ 㡯┠ࡢᐇ᪋㢖ᗘࡣᨵၿࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀ௨㝆ࡢຠᯝࡢᣢ⥆ ᛶࡸᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ᖺᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸┳ㆤᖌ࡟↔Ⅼ໬ࡋࡓ ௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢຠᯝࡣ୙࡛᫂࠶ࡿ(ᯇ᳃㸪2013)ࠋ ϩ㸬◊✲┠ⓗ ᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂 5 ᖺ௨ෆࡢ┳ㆤᖌ࡟ᑐࡋᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ ᪘࡟ᑐࡍࡿ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࢆᙉ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ ࡋࡓ௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࠊ௓ධ๓ᚋ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ┳ㆤ ᖌࡢㄆ㆑࡜⾜ືኚᐜཬࡧ┳ㆤᖌࡀ࡜ࡽ࠼ࡓ┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡟ ᑐࡍࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂ࠿ࡽࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢຠᯝࡢᣢ ⥆ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ Ϫ㸬⏝ㄒࡢᐃ⩏ 1㸬೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢせ⣲㸦Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢᨭᣢⓗࢣ࢔ࠊᏊ ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ᝟ሗᥦ౪ࡢᐇ㊶ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࣭ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂ ࡢほᐹࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࣇ࢛࣮ࣟ࢔ࢵࣉࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢឤ᝟⾲ ⌧ࡢಁ㐍㸧ࡀྵࡲࢀ೔⌮ཎ๎㸦⮬ᚊࠊၿ⾜ࠊ↓ᐖࠊṇ ⩏ࠊㄔᐇࠊᛅㄔ㸧࡟㐺ࡗࡓ┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡜ࡋࡓࠋ 2㸬ᑠඣ┳ㆤࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝ ᳨ᰝࡸฎ⨨ࢆཷࡅࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘࡬ࡢ೔⌮ⓗ┳ㆤᐇ ㊶ࡢ඾ᆺ౛ࢆ⡆₩࡟⾲⌧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ ϫ㸬ᴫᛕᯟ⤌ࡳ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡸᐙ᪘ࡢᶒ฼ಖㆤࢆព㆑ࡋࡓ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࢆᙉ໬ ࡋ┳ㆤᖌࡢ⾜ືኚᐜࢆಁࡍࡓࡵࡢᴫᛕᯟ⤌ࡳࢆࣁ࣮ࢩ ࣮㸦1996㸧ࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ࣭ࣔࢹࣝࢆཧ↷ࡋసᡂࡋ ࡓࠋ┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔࢘ࢺ࣒࢝ࡢどⅬࢆඛࡢ࢔ࢭࣥ ࢺࡢ 4 ࡘࡢせ⣲࡜ࡋࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂࡢ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞ ┠ᶆࢆࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ࣭ᐙ᪘ࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃ㐣⛬࡬ࡢཧ ຍࠖࠊࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢࢥ࣮ࣆࣥࢢ⬟ຊ࣭⤫ไឤࡢಁ㐍ࠖࠊࠕࢫ ࢱࢵࣇ࡜ࡢಙ㢗㛵ಀࡢᵓ⠏ࠖࡢ ࡘࡢどⅬ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ Ϭ㸬◊✲᪉ἲ 1㸬ᑐ㇟⪅ ᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂 ᖺ௨ෆࡢᑠඣ་⒪࡟ᦠࢃࡿ┳ㆤᖌ 2㸬௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛཬࡧࢹ࣮ࢱ཰㞟᪉ἲ 1)ึᅇ௓ධཬࡧㄪᰝ㸸ཧຍ⪅ࡣ೔⌮ⓗ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢ ᇶ♏▱㆑ཬࡧᑠඣ┳ㆤࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ 30 ศࡢ࣑ ࢽࣞࢡࢳ࣮ࣕࢆཷࡅࠊᐇ㊶౛ࡢグධ࡜ཧຍ⪅ྠኈ࡟ࡼ ࡿࣆ࢔ࣦ࣮ࣞࣗࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ௓ධ๓࡟ᑠඣ┳ㆤࢣ࢔ࣔࢹ ࣝ 24 㡯┠ࡢᐇ᪋㢖ᗘࡢグධ(ㄪᰝ A)ࠊ௓ධ┤ᚋࡣྠ㡯 ┠ࡢᐇ᪋ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ 5 ẁ㝵ࡢࣜࢵ࣮࢝ࢺࢫࢣ࣮࡛ࣝグ ධࡋࠊඛ࡟グධࡉࢀࡓᐇ㊶౛࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ 2㸧2 ࢝᭶ᚋࡢࣜࣇࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥཬࡧ㒑㏦ㄪᰝ㸸ㄪᰝ A࡜ᐇ㊶౛ࡢグධࢆ 2 ᅇ┠ࡢ௓ධཬࡧࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ 3) 3࢝᭶ᚋࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡཬࡧ㒑㏦ㄪᰝ㸸ㄪᰝ Aࡢኚ໬ࢆࣞ࢖ࢲ࣮ࢳ࣮ࣕࢺ࡟♧ࡋࡓ⏝⣬࡟⫯ᐃⓗ࡞ ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ௜ࡋ࡚㏦௜ࡋࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋྠ ᫬࡟ࠊ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡜Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂࡢኚ໬ࠊ ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚グ㏙ᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ 3㸬ศᯒ᪉ἲ ㄆ㆑ࡢኚ໬ࢆ⾲ࡍᩘ್ࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ Microsoft Excel ࡛ 㞟ィࡋ SPSS(Ver.22)࡟ࡼࡿࣀࣥࣃ࣓ࣛࢺࣜࢵࢡ᳨ᐃ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᐇ㝿ࡢලయⓗ࡞⾜ືࢆ⾲ࡍグ㏙ࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㉁

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ⓗᖐ⣡ⓗศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ᑠඣ┳ ㆤࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡟ࡼࡿຓゝࢆཷࡅࠊጇᙜᛶࢆ☜ಖࡋࡓࠋ 4㸬೔⌮ⓗ㓄៖ ⚄ᡞᕷ┳ㆤ኱Ꮫ೔⌮ᑂᰝጤဨ఍ࡢᢎㄆࢆᚓ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ϭ㸬⤖ᯝ 1㸬ㄪᰝ༠ຊ⪅ࡢᴫせ 32ྡࡢཧຍ⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕ᭷ຠᅇ⟅ 22 ྡ(68.6㸣)ࡢࢹ࣮ ࢱࢆศᯒࡋࡓࠋ┳ㆤᖌ⤒㦂ࡢᖹᆒᖺᩘࡣ 8.1 ᖺࠊᑠඣ ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ᖺᩘࡢᖹᆒࡣ 2.8 ᖺ࡛ࠊ13 ྡࡣᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ ࡳࡢ⤒㦂⪅ࠊ9 ྡࡣ௚⛉⤒㦂⪅࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 2㸬ㄪᰝᮇ㛫 ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 11 ᪥㹼ᖹᡂ 28 ᖺ 7 ᭶ 10 ᪥ 3㸬೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢㄆ㆑ࡢኚ໬࡜⾜ືኚᐜ 1) ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡟ᑐࡍࡿㄆ㆑ࡢኚ໬ ᑠඣ┳ㆤࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࡢྛ㡯┠ࡢᐇ᪋࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄆ㆑ࡣࠊ ௓ධ┤ᚋ࡟ 24 㡯┠୰ 18 㡯┠(75.0㸣)ࡀࠕࡇࢀ࡞ࡽ࡛ ࡁࡿࠖ࡜ධᡭ(ᐇ⾜)ᐜ᫆ᛶࡀㄆ▱ࡉࢀࠊ᭷ព࡟ᨵၿࡋ ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ 2 ࢝᭶ᚋࡢᐇ᪋㢖ᗘࡢ୰ኸ್ࡣ 10 㡯┠㸦55.6㸣㸧ࡀ௓ධ๓ࡼࡾ㧗್࡜࡞ࡾࠊࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟ᣵ ᣜ࣭⮬ᕫ⤂௓ࡍࡿࠖࠊࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠖࠊࠕኌ࠿ࡅࢆ ࡍࡿࠖࠊࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㉁ၥ࡟㐺ษ࡟⟅࠼ࡿࠖࡢ 4 㡯┠ࡀ᭷ ព࡟㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ 2) ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⾜ືኚᐜ ึᅇ࡜ 2 ࢝᭶ᚋࡢᐇ㊶౛ࢆẚ࡭ࡿ࡜ࠊ2 ࢝᭶ᚋࡣᣵ ᣜ࣭⮬ᕫ⤂௓ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢཱྀ㢌࡛ࡢㄝ᫂ࡸᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᑐ ฎ⾜ືࡀྥୖࡍࡿኌ࠿ࡅࡀព㆑ࡋ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࠊ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ ᜍᛧᚰࢆ⦆࿴ࡋᏳ඲࡟ฎ⨨ࢆ⾜࠺ጼໃࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ࠙ぶࡢ༠ຊࢆព㆑ࡋ࡚ಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠚࠊ࠙⤊஢ᚋ࡟ ぶ࡬ࡢኌ࠿ࡅࢆព㆑ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠚ➼ࡢ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢ ኚ໬ࡀࡳࡽࢀࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢࡀࢇࡤࡾࡸᡂ㛗ࢆぶ࡜ඹ᭷ࡋ ࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿኌ࠿ࡅࢆ⾜࠺ࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ 3) Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂࡢኚ໬ ึᅇ࡜ 2 ࢝᭶ᚋࡢᐇ㊶౛ࢆẚ࡭ࡿ࡜ࠊ2 ࢝᭶ᚋࡣᏊ ࡝ࡶࡢฎ⨨๓ࡢ཯ᛂ࡟ࡣ࠙⣡ᚓࡍࡿࠚࠊ࠙⮬୺ⓗ࡞⾜ື ࢆࡍࡿࠚࡀ㢧ⴭ࡟ࡳࡽࢀࠊฎ⨨ᚋࡣ‶㊊ឤࡸ㐩ᡂឤࡢ ⾲ฟ࡬࡜ኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊぶࡢ཯ᛂࡣ࠙ぶࡀᏊ࡝ ࡶࢆㄝᚓࡍࡿࠚ࠿ࡽ࠙ぶࡀ㡹ᙇࢀ࡜Ꮚ࡝ࡶࢆບࡲࡍࠚࠊ ࠙ぶࡀ༠ຊࡍࡿࠚࠊ࠙ᡂ㛗ࢆ႐ࡪࠚ➼࡟ኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ 4㸧3 ࢝᭶ᚋ࡟࠾ࡅࡿຠᯝࡢᣢ⥆ᛶ ࠙Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡟ࢃ࠿ࡾࡸࡍࡃㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠚࡣ ᝟ሗᥦ౪ࠊ࠙㡹ᙇࡾࢆㄆࡵࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠚࡣᨭᣢⓗࢣ ࢔ࠊ࠙ᐇ᪋ᚋࡢ཯ᛂࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠚࡣᏊ࡝ ࡶ࣭ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂࡢほᐹࠊ࠙ࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࢆᚅࡘࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ ࡓࠚࡣᏊ࡝ࡶࡢឤ᝟⾲⌧ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ ࡢኚ໬ࡣ࢔࢘ࢺ࣒࢝ࡢ 4 ࡘࡢせ⣲ࢆ‶ࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲ ࡓࠊ࠙Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀ༠ຊⓗ࡟࡞ࡾฎ⨨ࡸ㛵ࢃࡾࡀࢫ࣒࣮ࢬ࡟ ࡞ࡗࡓࠚࡣᏊ࡝ࡶࡢពᛮỴᐃ㐣⛬࡬ࡢཧຍࠊ࠙Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀ ⣡ᚓࡋ࡚⮬ᚊࡋ࡚ฎ⨨ࢆཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ ࡗࡓࠚࡣᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⤫ไឤࡢಁ㐍ࠊ࠙1 ேࡢ┳ㆤᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚ ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠚࡣಙ㢗㛵ಀࡢᵓ⠏ࢆᑟࡁࠊ Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂࡢኚ໬ࡣࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞┠ᶆࡢ 3 ࡘࡢ どⅬࢆ‶ࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ 5) ௚⛉⤒㦂ࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡼࡿຠᯝࡢ㐪࠸ ௚⛉⤒㦂⪅ࡣࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡀἽ࠸࡚ࡶᢲ࠼ࡘࡅࡎ࡟ࠊ௚ ࡢ᪉ἲ࡛ᑐฎࡍࡿࠖ➼ᑠඣ┳ㆤࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࡢ 4 㡯┠ࡀ ᭷ព࡟ᨵၿࡋࡓࡀࠊࠕᣵᣜ࣭⮬ᕫ⤂௓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࡣᑠඣ ┳ㆤࡢࡳࡢ⤒㦂⪅ࡼࡾᐇ᪋㢖ᗘࡀప࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢࡳࡢ⤒㦂⪅ࡣࠕ་⒪ᚑ஦⪅ྠኈ᳨࡛ᰝ࣭ ฎ⨨࡟㛵ಀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆㄯ➗ࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ➼ 5 㡯┠ࡢᐇ᪋㢖ᗘࡀᨵၿࡋࠊ3 ࢝᭶ᚋࡢ࠙ぶ࡜ࡢ༠ຊ ࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠚ࡜ࡢグ㏙࠿ࡽぶ࡬ࡢ┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡟㛵ࡍࡿ ㄢ㢟ព㆑ࡀႏ㉳ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ Ϯ㸬⪃ᐹ ௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢ࢔࢘ࢺ࣒࡛࢝࠶ ࡿ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢ 4 ࡘࡢせ⣲࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ᝟ሗᥦ౪ࡸᨭᣢⓗ ࢣ࢔࡞࡝ධᡭ(ᐇ⾜)ᐜ᫆ᛶࡢ㧗࠸ᇶᮏⓗ࡞೔⌮ⓗ┳ㆤ ᐇ㊶ࡢᨵၿࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡀᐇ᪋๓࡟ ⣡ᚓࡋࠊᐇ᪋ᚋ࡟‶㊊ࡍࡿゝື࡟ኚ໬ࡋࠊࡑࡢᵝᏊࢆ ぢࡓぶࡶᏊ࡝ࡶࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆㄆࡵࠊ✚ᴟⓗ࡟Ꮚ࡝ࡶ ࡟㛵ࢃࡿጼໃ࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓࡼ࠸ᚠ⎔࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ ࡓࠋࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄝ᫂ሙ㠃࡟ྠᖍࡋ࡚࠸ ࡓぶࡢ⌮ゎࡀಁࡉࢀẼᣢࡕ࡟వ⿱ࡸຠຊឤࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ௓ධ㛤ጞ࠿ࡽ 3 ࢝᭶ᚋࡢ Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂ࠿ࡽࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ࣭ᐙ᪘ࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞ព ᛮỴᐃ㐣⛬࡬ࡢཧຍࠖ➼ࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞┠ᶆ࡛࠶ࡿ 3 ࡘࡢ どⅬࡢᐇ⌧࡜ຠᯝࡢᣢ⥆ᛶࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂 5 ᖺ௨ෆࡢ௚⛉⤒㦂⪅࡛ࡣࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ ࡢ▱ࡿᶒ฼࡜⮬Ⓨⓗ࡞⾜ືࢆᑛ㔜ࡍࡿᇶᮏⓗ࡞೔⌮ⓗ ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡋࠊᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢࡳࡢ⤒㦂⪅࡛ࡣಙ㢗㛵 ಀᵓ⠏࡟㔜せ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡀᨵၿࡋࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᑠ ඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ࡢὸ࠸ΰྜ⑓Ჷࡸデ⒪ᡤࡢ┳ㆤᖌࠊ᪂ே ┳ㆤᖌ➼ࡀᇶ♏ⓗ࡞ᑠඣ┳ㆤࢆᏛಟࡍࡿᶵ఍࡜ࡋ࡚ᮏ ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣ᭷ព⩏࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ୧⪅㛫࡟ ⤒㦂ᖺᩘࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊཧຍ⪅ࡢ┳ㆤ⤒㦂 ཬࡧᩍ⫱⫼ᬒࡢ㐪࠸࡜௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢຠᯝ࡜ࡢᅉᯝ 㛵ಀࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⬺ⴠ⪅ࢆ㜵 ࡂࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᐇ⾜ྍ⬟ᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ࡟ࡣࠊཧຍࡋࡸࡍ ࠸᪥⛬ࡢᥦ♧ࡸ◊ಟ௻⏬ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௒ᚋࡣ௓ධࣉ ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᬑཬࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ࡢබ㛤ㅮᗙࡸ་⒪ ᪋タࡢ㝔ෆ◊ಟ➼࡛ᐇ᪋᳨࣭ドࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ

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Abstract

Effects of Intervention Programs to Promote Ethical Practices for Nurses in Pediatrics

Naomi Matsumori

Kobe City College of Nursing, 2017

Dissertation Advisor: Professor Keiko Ninomiya

I. Background

In Japan, the birth rate is currently decreasing,

while the number of mixed wards is increasing;

therefore, it is necessary to provide learning

opportunities for nurses with limited pediatric nursing

experience in order to promote ethical nursing

practice in various pediatric nursing settings.

Takahashi et al. (2012) reported that ethical nursing

practice was insufficient, noting that the most

frequent length of pediatric nursing experience was

0–5 years. Kobayashi et al. (2008) reported poor

awareness of the importance of privacy protection

and information provision among nurses in mixed

wards. Although an intervention program using a

pediatric nursing care model in 2012 promoted the

implementation of almost all approaches specified in

the model in 1.5 months, the durability of such effects

was not examined. The effects of another

intervention program for nurses with limited pediatric

nursing experience have also remained unclear

(Matsumori, 2013).

II. Objective

An intervention program for promoting ethical

nursing practices among patients and their families

was implemented for pediatric nurses with 0–5 years’

pediatric nursing experience. The objective of this

study was to clarify changes in nurses’ recognition

and behaviors, as well as the intervention’s

post-initiation durability.

III. Definition of terms

1. Ethical nursing practice

Ethical nursing practice is nursing practice that

integrates the components of ‘child assent’ and

conforms to ethical principles.

2. Pediatric nursing care model

A model defining 24 nursing approaches was

developed by the researchers to show simple

examples of ethical nursing practice for pediatric

patients and their families.

IV. Conceptual framework

A conceptual framework to change nurses’

behav-iors was created based on the feedback model by

Hersey (1996).

V. Methods

1. Subjects

Nurses with 0–5 years of pediatric nursing

experience provided pediatric services.

2. The program and study procedure

During the first session, a 30-minute mini-lecture

was given. The nurses also described the details of

the approaches they had performed and conducted a

peer review. Concerning the pediatric nursing care

model, the frequency of implementing each approach

was examined before and at 2 months after the

initiation of intervention. The recognition of its

feasibility was evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale

at the end of the first session. Furthermore, in Month

2, the contents of reflection and the outcomes were

evaluated by examining the approaches performed

and described by the nurses. In Month 3, the results

of the surveys conducted during the study period

were presented to the nurses, accompanied by

comments that asked them to describe changes in

their behavior in ethical nursing practice, those in

pediatric patients’ and their families’ responses, and

their recognition of future challenges.

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3. Ethical considerations

This study was approved by the ethical review

board of the Kobe City College of Nursing.

VI. Results

1. Participants and intervention sessions

Among the 32 participants, 22 (68.6%) from

whom valid responses were obtained were analyzed.

A total of 13 intervention and survey sessions were

held. In Months 2 and 3, the procedure was

performed by mail.

2. Changes in recognition and behavior of nurses

related to ethical nursing practice

Significant changes were observed immediately

after the initiation of the intervention, as the

participants began to recognize 18

(75.0%)

out of the

24 approaches as feasible. In Month 2, the median

frequencies of implementing 10 (55.6%) approaches

exceeded the initial values, four of which showing

significant differences. The nurses’ descriptions of the

approaches they had performed revealed

improvements in basic and feasible ethical nursing

approaches, such as <greetings/self-introductions>

and <oral explanations>. The nurses began to support

parents after medical examination/care not only by

appreciating their efforts, but also by sharing

information regarding their children’s coping and

growth through verbal communication.

3. Changes in pediatric patients and their families’

responses

In Month 2, there were marked increases in the

frequency of observing pediatric patients <agree>

and <adopt autonomous actions>. Parents’ statements

also increased, described as <The parents agree>,

<The parents cooperate>, <The parents encourage

the patient>, and <The parents praise the patient for

his/her patience>.

4. Durability of effects in Month 3

The changes in the nurses’ approaches and those in

pediatric patients and their families’ responses

observed in Month 3 corresponded to all four of the

behavior outcomes and three final goals.

5. Differences related to the nursing experience of

working in other departments

As for nurses with experience working in other

departments, improvements were observed in their

basic approaches. Those whose experience was

limited to pediatric nursing showed improvements

in approaches essential for the establishment of

trust-based relationships, with an enhanced

awareness of the necessity of addressing the

challenges of nursing practice for parents.

VII. Discussion

The program described in the present study

promoted ethical nursing approaches such as

<information provision> and <supportive care> for

pediatric patients and their families, confirming its

usefulness to achieve the following goals:

<enhancing pediatric patients’ coping ability and

sense of control> and <promoting pediatric patients

and their families’ active participation in the

decision-making process>. The reduced frequency of

explanations to parents may have been a result of

their attendance to explanatory meetings for their

children, as this also enhanced their understanding,

making additional explanations unnecessary. At the

same time, their enhanced sense of security and

self-efficacy may have led to the development of

active attitudes, such as appreciating pediatric

patients’ patience and actively seeking involvement.

These results support the usefulness of the program

to provide opportunities for nurses working in mixed

wards or clinics, as well as novice nurses, to learn

about basic pediatric nursing. In the future, the

program will be provided for wide-ranging subjects

by extension lectures at an educational institute or

training at a hospital. In order to prevent withdrawal

while increasing the feasibility of the program, it will

be necessary to enable them to participate in each

session comfortably on multiple candidate days and

describe the free-description section more briefly

within a short time.

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i

┠ ḟ

せ ᪨ Ϩ 㸬 ᗎ ㄽ ◊ ✲ ࡢ ⫼ ᬒ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ϩ 㸬 ᩥ ⊩ ᳨ ウ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡬ ࡢ ࢖ ࣥ ࣇ ࢛ ࣮ ࣒ ࢻ ࣭࢔ ࢭ ࣥ ࢺ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ࡢ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ స ᡂ ࡜ ά ⏝࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭㺃㺃࣭࣭ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ೔ ⌮ ཎ ๎ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ㄆ ㆑ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡬ ࡢ ㄝ ᫂ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ㄆ ㆑ ࡢ ⌧ ≧ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ 㸧ࠕ ㄝ ᫂ ࠖ ࢆ ᇶ ┙ ࡜ ࡋ ࡓ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ⌧ ≧ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㺃㸧 ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ഃ ࠿ ࡽ ཯ ᛂ ࢆ ࡜ ࡽ ࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ᐇ ㊶ ୖ ࡢ ᫬ 㛫 ⓗ ࣭ ⤒ ῭ ⓗ ไ ⣙ ࡜ ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ࡢ ே ဨ ୙ ㊊ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧ㄝ ᫂ ࡔ ࡅ ࡛ ࡞ ࡃ ⥅ ⥆ ⓗ ࡞ ᨭ ᣢ ⓗ ࢣ ࢔ ࡀ ᚲ せ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ΰ ྜ ⑓ Ჷ ࡛ ࡢ ㄆ ㆑ ࡢ ప ࡉ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 Ꮫ ⩦ ࡢ ᶵ ఍ ࡢ ᚲ せ ᛶ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ⤒ 㐣 ࡢ ほ ᐹ ࡜ ࣇ ࢛ ࣟ ࣮ ࢔ ࢵ ࣉ ࡢ 㔜せ ᛶ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ⮫ ᗋ ⌧ ሙ ࡛ ࡢ ㄢ㢟 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࠕ ㄝ ᫂ 㺁࡜ 㺀᝟ ሗ ᥦ ౪ 㺁ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ᑠ ඣ ┳ ㆤ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ ⮫ ᗋ ࡬ ࡢ ᛂ ⏝ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭ ⡆ ᫆ ∧ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ స ᡂ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ᑠ ඣ ┳ ㆤ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࢆ ά ⏝ ࡋ ࡓ ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ ࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭ 㸬 ࣇ ࢕ ࣮ ࢻ ࣂ ࢵ ࢡ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸬 ᩥ ⊩ ᳨ ウ ࡢ せ ⣙ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ Ϫ 㸬 ◊ ✲ ┠ ⓗ ࡜ ◊ ✲ ┠ ᶆ 㸬 ◊ ✲ ┠ ⓗ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㺃㸬 ◊ ✲ ┠ ᶆ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸬 ◊ ✲ ࡢ ព ⩏ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ϫ 㸬 ᴫ ᛕ ᯟ ⤌ ࡳ ࡜ ௬ ㄝ㸬 ⏝ ㄒ ࡢ ᐃ ⩏ 㸧 ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ຠ ᯝ ࡢ ᣢ ⥆ ᛶ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ᑠ ඣ ┳ ㆤ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ࣝ 㸬 ᴫ ᛕ ᯟ ⤌ ࡳ ࣇ ࢕ ࣮ ࢻ ࣂ ࢵ ࢡ ࣭ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡟ ᇶ ࡙ ࡃ ㄝ ᫂ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡢ ᴫ ᛕ ᯟ ⤌ ࡳ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ Ϭ 㸬 ᪉ ἲ 㸬 ◊ ✲ ࢹ ࢨ ࢖ ࣥ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸬ㄪ ᰝ ᪉ ἲ 㸧 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡢ ເ 㞟 ᪉ ἲ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ௓ ධ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ㄪ ᰝ ࡢ ᴫ せ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭

(8)

ii 㸧 ึ ᅇ ௓ ධ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ཰ 㞟 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ௓ ධ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ㄆ ㆑ ࡢ ᢕ ᥱ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ձ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ᇶ ♏ ⓗ ▱ ㆑ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ࣑ ࢽ ࣞ ࢡ ࢳ ࣕ ࣮ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࣭ ࢳ ࢙ ࢵ ࢡ ࣜ ࢫ ࢺ ࡬ ࡢ グ ධ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ௓ ධ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ㄆ ㆑ ࡢ ᢕ ᥱ ࣭ ࣭ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ グ ධ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ᐇ 㝿 ࡢ ⾜ ື ࡢ ᢕ ᥱ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ձ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ 㑅 ฟ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ ᑠ ඣ ┳ ㆤ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ 㡯 ┠ ࡟ ↷ ࡽ ࡋ ࡓ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ グ ධ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ ឤ ᝿ ࡢ グ ධ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ մ ࣆ ࢔ ࣞ ࣦ ࣗ ࣮ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ࣔ ࢹ ࣜ ࣥ ࢢ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ࣜ ࣇ ࣞ ࢡ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ௓ ධ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ㄆ ㆑ ࡜ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ཰ 㞟 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ࠿ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ࣇ ࢕ ࣮ ࢻ ࣂ ࢵ ࢡ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ௓ ධ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ཰ 㞟 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸦㸧㠃 ᥋ ἲ ࡢ ሙ ྜ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸦㸧㒑㏦ㄪ ᰝ ࡢ ሙ ྜ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸬 ศ ᯒ ᪉ ἲ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࣭ ࢳ ࢙ ࢵ ࢡ ࣜ ࢫ ࢺ ࡢ ศ ᯒ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ グ ධ ⏝ ⣬ ࡢ ศ ᯒ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸱 ࠿ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ 㠃 ᥋ ࡲ ࡓ ࡣ ㄪ ᰝ ⏝ ⣬ ࡢ ศ ᯒ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࣭ ࢳ ࢙ ࢵ ࢡ ࣜ ࢫ ࢺ ࡜ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ ⤫ ྜ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ 㸬 ೔ ⌮ ⓗ 㓄 ៖ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㺃 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡟ ⌮ ゎ ࢆ ồ ࡵ 㸪 ྠ ព ࢆ ᚓ ࡿ ᪉ ἲ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡢ ே ᶒ ࡢ ᧦ ㆤ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ ࡢ 㓄 ៖ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ಶ ே ᝟ ሗ ࡢ ಖ ㆤ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡟ ⏕ ࡌ ࡿ ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡬ ࡢ ༴ 㝤 ᛶ ཬ ࡧ ୙ ฼ ┈ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ 㓄 ៖ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ϭ 㸬 ⤖ ᯝ 㸬ㄪ ᰝ ༠ ຊ ⪅ ࡢ ᴫ せ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ㄪ ᰝ ༠ ຊ ⪅ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ㄪ ᰝ ᮇ 㛫 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ ᅇ ᩘ ࡜ ྛ ᅇ ࡢ ཧ ຍ ே ᩘ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ศ ᯒ ࠿ ࡽ 㝖 እ ࡋ ࡓ ༠ ຊ ⪅ ࡢ ᴫ せ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸬 ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࣭ ࢳ ࢙ ࢵ ࢡ ࣜ ࢫ ࢺ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ㄆ ㆑ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㺃 ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ 㡯 ┠ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ㄆ ㆑ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࢔ ࢘ ࢺ ࢝ ࣒ ࡢ ᣦ ᶆ ู ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㺃 ࠕ ᝟ ሗ ᥦ ౪ ࠖ ࡟ ヱ ᙜ ࡍ ࡿ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࠕ ᨭ ᣢ ⓗ ࡞ 㛵 ࢃ ࡾ ࠖ ࡟ ヱ ᙜ ࡍ ࡿ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࠕ ឤ ᝟ ⾲ ⌧ ࡢ ಁ 㐍 ࠖ ࡟ ヱ ᙜ ࡍ ࡿ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࠕ ほ ᐹ ࣭ ஦ ᚋ ࡢ 㛵 ࢃ ࡾ ࠖ ࡟ ヱ ᙜ ࡍ ࡿ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ࡢ ᭷ ↓ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ᐇ ㊶ ≧ ἣ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ࡢ ᭷ ↓ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ྛ ㄪ ᰝ ᅇ ࡢ ᭷ ព ᕪ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ࡢ ᭷ ↓ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡜ ᐇ ᪋ ࡢ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ձ ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ࠶ ࡾ ⩌ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡜ ᐇ ᪋ ࡢ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ࡞ ࡋ ⩌ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡜ ᐇ ᪋ ࡢ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸬೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ㄆ ㆑ ࡜ ⾜ ື ኚ ᐜ ࡢ ㉁ ⓗ ศ ᯒ ⤖ ᯝ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ㄆ ㆑ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ⾜ ື ࡜ ⾜ ື ኚ ᐜ ࢆ ⾲ ࡍ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ グ㏙ ෆ ᐜ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ グ㏙ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ ᴫ せ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ึ ᅇ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭

(9)

iii ձ ᳨ ᰝ ࣭ ฎ ⨨ ๓ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ ᳨ ᰝ ࣭ ฎ ⨨ ୰ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ ᳨ ᰝ ࣭ ฎ ⨨ ᚋ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ձ ᳨ ᰝ ࣭ ฎ ⨨ ๓ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ ᳨ ᰝ ࣭ ฎ ⨨ ୰ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ ᳨ ᰝ ࣭ ฎ ⨨ ᚋ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ࡢ ⾜ ື ኚ ᐜ ࡜ ࡑ ࢀ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ 㺃ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ձ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡬ ࡢ ཱྀ 㢌 ࡛ ࡢ ㄝ ᫂ ࡜ ㄝ ᫂ ࡢ ☜ ㄆ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ࡢ ኌ ࠿ ࡅ ࠊ ᨭ ᣢ ⓗ ࢣ ࢔ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ ぶ ࡀ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࢆ ㄝ ᚓ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ ບ ࡲ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࡬ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ մ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡀ ⣡ ᚓ ࡋ ‶ ㊊ ࡍ ࡿ ⾲ ᝟ ࡟ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ࡈ ࡜ ࡢ ึ ᅇ ࠿ ࡽ ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㺃 ձ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ᐙ ᪘ ࡬ ࡢ ᨭ ᣢ ⓗ ࢣ ࢔ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ᐙ ᪘ ࡬ ࡢ ᝟ ሗ ᥦ ౪ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ᐙ ᪘ ࡢ ཯ ᛂ ࡢ ☜ ㄆ ࡜ ࣇ ࢛ ࣟ ࣮ ࢔ ࢵ ࣉ㸦ほ ᐹ 㸧࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ մ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡢ ឤ ᝟ ⾲ ⌧ ࡢ ಁ 㐍 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ึ ᅇ ࡜ ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ࡢ ᣺ ࡾ ㏉ ࡾ ࣭ Ẽ ࡙ ࡁ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ձ ึ ᅇ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ᣺ ࡾ ㏉ ࡾ 㺃Ẽ ࡙ ࡁ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ ղ ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ᣺ ࡾ ㏉ ࡾ 㺃Ẽ ࡙ ࡁ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ ึ ᅇ ࡜ ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ グ㏙ ෆ ᐜ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࢳ ࢙ ࢵ ࢡ ࣜ ࢫ ࢺ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࡜ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ኚ ໬ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵㐃 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ձ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡀ ቑ ࠼ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ཯ ᫎ ࡋ グ㏙ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ 㡯 ┠ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡣ ῶ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡛ ࡣ ᐇ ᪋ ࡛ ࡁ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ 㡯 ┠ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡟ ኚ ໬ ࡣ ࡞ ࠸ ࡀ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡛ ࡣ ᐇ ᪋ ࡛ ࡁ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ մ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡶ ῶ ᑡ ࡋ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࡶ グ ධ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ յ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ቑ ຍ ࡀ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ཯ ᫎ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࠿ ᭶ ᚋ ㄪ ᰝ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ グ㏙ ᅇ ⟅ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶㡯 ┠ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ձ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ᐙ ᪘ ࡬ ࡢ ᝟ ሗ ᥦ ౪ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ᐙ ᪘ ࡬ ࡢ ᨭ ᣢ ⓗ ࢣ ࢔ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ᐙ ᪘ ࡢ ཯ ᛂ ࡢ ☜ ㄆ ࡜ ࣇ ࢛ ࣟ ࣮ ࢔ ࢵ ࣉ ほ ᐹ 㸧࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ մ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡢ ឤ ᝟ ⾲ ⌧ ࡢ ಁ 㐍 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡸ ᐙ ᪘ ࡢ ཯ ᛂ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ձ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ᐙ ᪘ ࡢ ✚ ᴟ ⓗ ࡞ ព ᛮ Ỵ ᐃ 㐣 ⛬ ࡬ ࡢ ཧ ຍ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡢ ࢥ ࣮ ࣆ ࣥ ࢢ ⬟ ຊ ࣭ ⤫ ไ ឤ ࡢ ಁ 㐍 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࣭ ᐙ ᪘ ࡜ ࢫ ࢱ ࢵ ࣇ ࡜ ࡢ ಙ 㢗㛵 ಀ ࡢ ᵓ ⠏ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௒ ᚋ ࡢ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ㄢ㢟 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡜ ྛ ᫬ ᮇ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ ࡢ ᑐ ᛂ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸬 ᴫ ᛕ ᯟ ⤌ ࡳ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵㐃 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ 㛤 ጞ ๓ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ 㛤 ጞ ┤ ᚋ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ 㛤 ጞ ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ 㛤 ጞ ࠿ ᭶ ᚋ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ Ϯ 㸬 ⪃ ᐹ 㸬 ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ ࡢ ຠ ᯝ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭

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iv ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ㄆ ㆑ ࡜ ⾜ ື ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ධ ᡭ ᐇ ⾜ ᐜ ᫆ ᛶ ࡢ 㧗 ࠸ ᇶ ᮏ ⓗ ࡞ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ձ ᣵ ᣜ ࣭ ⮬ ᕫ ⤂ ௓ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ղ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ཱྀ 㢌 ࡛ ࡢ ㄝ ᫂ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ճ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡢ ᑐ ฎ ⾜ ື ࡀ ྥ ୖ ࡍ ࡿ ኌ ࠿ ࡅ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ մ ᜍ ᛧ ᚰ ࢆ ⦆ ࿴ ࡋ Ᏻ ඲ ࡟ ࢣ ࢔ ࢆ ⾜ ࠺ ✚ ᴟ ⓗ ࡞ ጼ ໃ ࡬ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ḟ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ࡬ ά ࠿ ࡍ ጼ ໃ ࡬ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᇶ ᮏ ⓗ ࡞ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ᣢ ⥆ ᛶ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧 Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ᐙ ᪘ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡢ ✚ ᴟ ⓗ ࡞ ព ᛮ Ỵ ᐃ 㐣 ⛬ ࡬ ࡢ ཧ ຍ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ぶ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡜ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ᐙ ᪘ ࡬ ࡢ ᙳ 㡪 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ೔ ⌮ ⌮ ㄽ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ព ⩏ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ⪅ ࡢ ᭷ ↓ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ࡬ ࡢ ຠ ᯝ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ⪅ ࡢ ᇶ ♏ ⓗ ࡞ ᑠ ඣ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ᨵ ၿ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ⪅ ࡢ ᣵ ᣜ ࣭ ⮬ ᕫ ⤂ ௓ ࡢ ᙉ ໬ ࡢ ᚲ せ ᛶ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ⪅ ࡜ ᑠ ඣ ┳ ㆤ ࡢ ࡳ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ᨵ ၿ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸࣭࣭࣭࣭࣭ ᑠ ඣ ┳ ㆤ ࡢ ࡳ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ぶ ࡬ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ㄢ㢟 ព ㆑ ࡢ ႏ ㉳࣭࣭࣭ ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ ࡢ ᐇ ⾜ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ 㸧⬺ ⴠ ⪅ ࢆ 㜵 ࡂ ᐇ ⾜ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࢆ 㧗 ࡵ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡢ ᕤ ኵ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭࣭ ࣭ ௒ ᚋ ࡢ ௓ ධ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ ࡢ ㄢ㢟 ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ▷ ᫬ 㛫 ࡛ ⾜ ࠺ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࡢ 㔜せ ᛶ ࢆ ఏ ࠼ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ ᢏ ⾡ ࢆ ☻ ࡃ ஦ ࡬ ࡢ ๓ ྥ ࡁ ࡞ ጼ ໃ ࢆ ᘬ ࡁ ฟ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ᢚ ไ ࡍ ࡿ ๓ ᚋ ࡛ ࡢ ኌ ࠿ ࡅ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ࢆ ಁ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ᐇ ⾜ ྍ ⬟ ࡞ ᨵ ၿ ࡬ ࡢ ព ḧ ࢆ 㧗 ࡵ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ 㡯 ┠ ࢆ ぢ ┤ ࡋ ⢭ 㑅 ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ΰ ྜ ⑓ Ჷ ࡸ デ ⒪ ᡤ ➼ ࡟ ໅ ົ ࡍ ࡿ ┳ ㆤ ⫋ ࢆ ᑐ ㇟ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ࣉ ࣟ ࢢ ࣛ ࣒ ࢆ ᐇ ᪋ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ϯ ⤖ ㄽ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ϰ ◊ ✲ ࡢ 㝈 ⏺ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ㅰ ㎡ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ᩥ ⊩ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭ ࣭

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v ᅗ a. ࣇ ࢕ ࣮ ࢻ ࣂ ࢵ ࢡ ࣭ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡟ ᇶ ࡙ ࡃ ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡢ ㄝ ᫂ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ᅗ b. ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡢ ᴫ ᛕ ᯟ ⤌ ࡳ ᅗ c. ௓ ධ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ㄪ ᰝ ࡢ ᴫ せ ᅗ 1㸫 1) ึ ᅇ ㄪ ᰝ ࡜ 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ㄪ ᰝ ࡢ ୰ ኸ ್ ẚ ㍑㸸ࠕ ᝟ ሗ ᥦ ౪ ࠖ ࡟ ヱ ᙜ ࡍ ࡿ 㡯 ┠ ᅗ 1㸫 2) ึ ᅇ ㄪ ᰝ ࡜ 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ㄪ ᰝ ࡢ ୰ ኸ ್ ẚ ㍑㸸ࠕ ᨭ ᣢ ⓗ ࡞ 㛵 ࢃ ࡾ ࠖ ࡟ ヱ ᙜ ࡍ ࡿ 㡯 ┠ ᅗ 1㸫 3) ึ ᅇ ㄪ ᰝ ࡜ 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ㄪ ᰝ ࡢ ୰ ኸ ್ ẚ ㍑㸸ࠕ ឤ ᝟ ⾲ ⌧ ࡢ ಁ 㐍 ࠖ ࡟ ヱ ᙜ ࡍ ࡿ 㡯 ┠ ᅗ 1㸫 4) ึ ᅇ ㄪ ᰝ ࡜ 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ㄪ ᰝ ࡢ ୰ ኸ ್ ẚ ㍑㸸ࠕ ほ ᐹ ࣭ ஦ ᚋ ࡢ 㛵 ࢃ ࡾ ࠖ ࡟ ヱ ᙜ ࡍ ࡿ 㡯 ┠ ᅗ 2㸫 1) 1 ᅇ ┠ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ ࣮ 㛫 ࡢ 㛵㐃 ᅗ 2㸫 2) 2 ᅇ ┠ (2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ )ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ ࣮ 㛫 ࡢ 㛵㐃 ᅗ 3. ᴫ ᛕ ᯟ ⤌ ࡳ ࡜ ⤖ ᯝ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵㐃⾲ a. ⡆ ᫆ ∧ ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ⾲ b. ྛ 㡯 ┠ ࡟ ྵ ࡲ ࢀ ࡿ ࢔ ࢘ ࢺ ࢝ ࣒ ࡢ ᣦ ᶆ ⾲ 1. ༠ ຊ ⪅ ୍ ぴ⾲ 2㸫 1) ⤒ 㦂 ᖺ ᩘ ࡢ ෆ ヂ⾲ 2㸫 2) ᑠ ඣ ┳ ㆤ ࡢ ⤒ 㦂 ᖺ ᩘ ࡢ ෆ ヂ⾲ 3. ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ 㝖 እ ࡲ ࡓ ࡣ ࣜ ࢱ ࢖ ࣖ ࡋ ࡓ ༠ ຊ ⪅ ࡢ ෆ ヂ⾲ 4㸫 1) ึ ᅇ ㄪ ᰝ ࡜ 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ㄪ ᰝ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ୰ ኸ ್ ࡜ ᭷ ព ᕪ ⾲ 4㸫 2) ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ ྛ 㡯 ┠ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ࠕ ࢃ ࠿ ࡽ ࡞ ࠸ ࠖ ࡜ ᅇ ⟅ ࡋ ࡓ ௳ ᩘ ⾲ 5. ௚ ⛉ ⤒ 㦂 ู ࡢ ୰ ኸ ್ ࣭ ᖹ ᆒ ್ ࡜ ᭷ ព ᕪ ⾲ 6. ึ ᅇ ࠿ ࡽ 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡲ ࡛ ࡢ ࢳ ࢙ ࢵ ࢡ ࣜ ࢫ ࢺ グ㏙ ᅇ ⟅ ࡢ ࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ ࣮ ⾲ 7㸫 1㸧 ྛ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ ᖺ 㱋 ࣭ ᛶ ู ࣭ ⑌ ᝈ ྡ ࣭ ฎ ⨨ ࡢ ෆ ᐜ ⾲ 7㸫 2㸧 ྛ ᅇ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ ᴫ せ⾲ 7㸫 3㸧 ྛ ᅇ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ⑌ ᝈ ⾲ 8㸫 1㸧 1 ᅇ ┠ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ⾲ 8㸫 2㸧 1 ᅇ ┠ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ ࣮ ⾲ 9㸫 1㸧 2 ᅇ ┠ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ぶ ࡢ ゝ ື ⾲ 9㸫 2㸧 2 ᅇ ┠ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ ࣮ ⾲ 10. ึ ᅇ ࡜ 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࡢ ࢝ ࢸ ࢦ ࣜ ࣮ ⾲ 11. ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ᣺ ࡾ ㏉ ࡾ ࣭ Ẽ ࡙ ࡁ ࡢ ⮬ ⏤ グ㏙⾲ 12. ྛ 㡯 ┠ ࡢ ᐇ ᪋ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࡜ ᐇ ㊶ ౛ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ኚ ໬ ࡜ ࡢ 㛵㐃⾲ 13㸫 1㸧 3 ࠿ ᭶ ᚋ ㄪ ᰝ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ グ㏙ ᅇ ⟅ 㸹 ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡢ ᐇ ㊶㡯 ┠ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ኚ ໬ ⾲ 13㸫 2㸧 3 ࠿ ᭶ ᚋ ㄪ ᰝ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ グ㏙ ᅇ ⟅ 㸹 Ꮚ ࡝ ࡶ ࡜ ᐙ ᪘ ࡢ ཯ ᛂ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ⾲ 13㸫 3㸧 3 ࠿ ᭶ ᚋ ㄪ ᰝ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ グ㏙ ᅇ ⟅ 㸹 ௒ ᚋ ࡢ ೔ ⌮ ⓗ ࡞ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶ ࡢ ㄢ㢟⾲ 14. ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡜ ྛ ᫬ ᮇ ࡢ ┳ ㆤ ᐇ ㊶㈨ ᩱ 1. ࣑ ࢽ ࣞ ࢡ ࢳ ࣕ ࣮ ㈨ ᩱ ㈨ ᩱ 2㸫 1㸧 ࢣ ࢔ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࣭ ࢳ ࢙ ࢵ ࢡ ࣜ ࢫ ࢺ ㈨ ᩱ 2㸫 2㸧 ᐇ ㊶ ౛ グ ධ ᵝ ᘧ ㈨ ᩱ 2㸫 3㸧 3 ࠿ ᭶ ᚋ ࡟ 㒑㏦ ࡋ ࡓ ࣇ ࢕ ࣮ ࢻ ࣂ ࢵ ࢡ ⏝ ⣬ ㈨ ᩱ 3. ཧ ຍ ᛂ ເ ⏝ ⣬ ㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 1)◊ ✲ ༠ ຊ ౫ 㢗 ᭩ (ᡤ ᒓ ᪋ タ ⏝ ࡑ ࡢ 1) ㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 1)◊ ✲ ༠ ຊ ౫ 㢗 ᭩ (ᡤ ᒓ ᪋ タ ⏝ ࡑ ࡢ 2) ㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 2)-ձ ཧ ຍ Ỵ ᐃ ㏻ ▱ ᭩ 㸦 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ⏝ 㸧㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 2)-ձ ཧ ຍ Ỵ ᐃ ㏻ ▱ ᭩ 㸦 ཧ ຍ ࢆ ᩿ ࡿ ሙ ྜ 㸧㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 2)-ղ ◊ ✲ ༠ ຊ ౫ 㢗 ᭩ 㸦 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ⏝ ࡑ ࡢ 㸯㸧㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 2)-ղ ู ⣬ 㸹 ◊ ✲ ༠ ຊ ౫ 㢗 ᭩ 㸦 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ⏝ ࡑ ࡢ 㸰㸧㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 3)-ձ ྠ ព ᭩ 㸦 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ⏝ 㸧㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 3)-ղ ྠ ព ᭩ 㸦 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ⏝ ◊ ✲ ⪅ ಖ ⟶ ⏝ 㸧㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 4)-ձ 3 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ 㠃 ᥋ ㄪ ᰝ ౫ 㢗 ᭩ 㸦 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ㄪ ᰝ ᫬ ࡟ 㓄 ᕸ 㸧㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 4)-ղ 3 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ 㠃 ᥋ ㄪ ᰝ ྠ ព ᭩ 㸦 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ⏝ ࣭ 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ㄪ ᰝ ᫬ ࡟ 㓄 ᕸ 㸧㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 4)-ճ 3 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ 㠃 ᥋ ㄪ ᰝ ྠ ព ᭩ 㸦 ◊ ✲ ⪅ ಖ ⟶ ⏝ ࣭ 2 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ ㄪ ᰝ ᫬ ࡟ 㓄 ᕸ 㸧㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 4)ͼմ 3 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡟ 㒑㏦ ࢆ ᕼ ᮃ ࡋ ࡓ ሙ ྜ ࡢ ౫ 㢗 ᩥ ㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 4)ͼյ 3 ࢝ ᭶ ᚋ ࡢ 㒑㏦ ࢆ ᕼ ᮃ ࡋ ࡓ ሙ ྜ ࡢ ㄪ ᰝ ⏝ ⣬ 㸭㠃 ᥋ ㄪ ᰝ ࢞ ࢖ ࢻ ㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 5)-ձ ྠ ព ᧔ ᅇ ᭩ (ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ⏝ ) ㈨ ᩱ 4㸫 5)-ղ ྠ ព ᧔ ᅇ ᭩ (◊ ✲ ⪅ ಖ ⟶ ⏝ )

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Ϩ Ϩ㸬ᗎㄽ  ◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ ་⒪ࢆཷࡅࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢᚰ⌮ⓗ࡞౵くࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢᚲせᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸ ࡚ࡣࠊḢ⡿࡛ ᖺ௦࠿ࡽၐ࠼ࡽࢀࠊ ᖺ๓ᚋ࡟┳ㆤࡢศ㔝࡟ᑟධࡉࢀࡣࡌࡵࡓࠋ ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࠊ ᖺ௦㡭࠿ࡽࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢධ㝔ࡸ⑓Ẽ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᚰ⌮ⓗ཯ᛂ࡜ᑐᛂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿⴭ᭩ ࡸヂᮏࡀฟ∧ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ぶ࡬ࡢᡭ⾡๓ࡢ࢚࢜ࣜࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡸࠊ㏥㝔᫬ᣦᑟ ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᖺࠊ᪥ᮏ་ᖌ఍ࡢ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࣭ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢺ࡟㛵ࡍࡿሗ࿌ ࢆᶵ࡟ᝈ⪅ࡢ▱ࡿᶒ฼ࢆᑛ㔜ࡋࡓ་⒪ࡀᬑཬࡋࠊ ᖺ࡟᪥ᮏࡀࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼᮲⣙ࠖࢆᢈ ෸ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ➨ ᮲ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢⓎ㐩࡟ᛂࡌࡓ┦ᛂࡢㄝ᫂ࢆཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡢಖドࠖࢆ་⒪ࡢ ୰࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㑂Ᏺ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺㆟ㄽࡀ῝ࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸦ᚋ⸨㸪㸧ࠋ ᖺ࡟ᑠඣ⛉ࢆ ᭷ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏࡢ ᗋ௨ୖࡢ⑓㝔ࡢᑠඣ⛉་㛗 ྡ࡜┳ㆤᖌ㛗 ྡࡢィ ྡࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓᑠ ඣࡢධ㝔⎔ቃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㐟ࡧࡸసᴗ➼ࡢάື࡟㛵ࡍࡿព㆑ㄪᰝࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࠊẼศ㌿᥮࡞࡝ࡢࠕࣉࣞ ࢖ࢭࣛࣆ࣮ࡢᥦ౪ࠖࡣ 㸣ࠊࠕぶࡀධ㝔ඣࡢࡑࡤ࡟௜ࡁῧ࠸἞⒪ࡸ┳ㆤ࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࠖ㸣ࠊ ࠕᑠඣᝈ⪅࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࣭ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢺࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࠖ㸣࡜⑓㝔࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ ࡬ࡢ೔⌮ⓗ࡞ᐇ㊶ࡀప࠸⌧≧ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ㸦㔝ᮧ㸪㸧ࠋ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ᑠඣ⛉Ꮫ఍㸦$PHULFDQ $FDGHP\RI3HGLDWULFV ௨ୗ $$3 ࡜␎ࡍ㸧⏕࿨೔⌮ጤဨ఍ࡣࠊ ᖺࠕᑠඣ་⒪࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖ࣥ ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࣭ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢺ㸪ぶ࡟ࡼࡿᢎㄆ㸪࢔ࢭࣥࢺࠖࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࡓࠋ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࢆࠕᝈ⪅ࡢ⌮ゎ࡜ ཯ᛂ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿせᅉࢆホ౯ࡋࠊࢣ࢔ࢆᛌࡃཷࡅධࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡀ⮬ศࡢ≧ែ ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᨭ᥼ࡋࠊデ᩿࡜἞⒪࡟ࡼࡾண᝿࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆఏ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ ࠊ඲࡚ࡢ ་⒪⫋࡟ࡼࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡢពᛮỴᐃ࡬ࡢཧຍ࡜㆟ㄽࡀ᭱㧗ࡢ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢᵝ┦࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᥦၐࡉ ࢀࡓࠋ ᖺ ௦ࡢ⤊ ࢃࡾ ࡟ ࡣࠊ ᑠ ඣ┳ ㆤ࡟࠾ ࠸࡚ Ꮚ࡝ࡶ ࡢᶒ ฼ࢆᏲ ࡿࡓ ࡵ ࡢ᪉ ἲ࡜ ࡋ࡚ ᮌ ෆࡽ ࡟ࡼࡾࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹ࡛ࣥ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࣉࣞ࢖ࢭࣛࣆ࣮ࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡀ Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࣭ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢺࢆᣦࡍゝⴥ࡜ࡋ࡚⤂௓ࡉࢀࡓᯇ᳃௚㸪ࠋ ᖺ࡟ࡣ᪥ᮏ┳ㆤ༠఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢᴗົᇶ‽ࡢ୰࡛ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜㣴⫱⪅࡟ࡣࠊ᳨ᰝ㺃἞⒪㺃 ⑓≧㺃ฎ⨨࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㐺᫬࡟ㄝ᫂ࢆࡋࠊ⣡ᚓ㺃஢ゎ㺃⌮ゎࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ດࡵࠊࡑࡢ㝿࡟ࡣ Ⓨ㐩࡟ᛂࡌࡓࢃ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ゝⴥࡸ⤮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢᚲせᛶࡀᥦၐࡉࢀࡓ㸦᪥ᮏ┳ㆤ༠ ఍㸪㸧ࠋ ᖺ࡟ࡣᖹᡂ ᖺᗘ┳ㆤᖌᅜᐙヨ㦂ࡢฟ㢟ᇶ‽ࡀᨵゞࡉࢀࠊᑠඣ┳ㆤᏛ࡛ࡣࠊ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢேᶒ࡟㓄៖ࡋࡓ⑓㝔⎔ቃࡢᩚഛࡸࠊࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡢ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࣭࢔ ࢭࣥࢺ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⌮ゎࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㧗ᶫ㸪ࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ ࡀࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ᚎࠎ࡟⑓Ჷ࡛ࡢᐇ㊶ࡸ◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࡽࢀᬑཬࡋࡣࡌࡵࡓࠋ་Ꮫ୰ ኸ㞧ㄅ ZHE ࡟ࡼࡿᩥ⊩᳨⣴࡛ࡣࠊࠕࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࠖࡲࡓࡣࠕࣉࣜࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࠕ┳ ㆤࠖࡢ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿᩥ⊩ࡣ ᖺ௨㝆࠿ࡽᛴ⃭࡟ቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᖺ࡟඲ᅜ ᗋ௨ୖࡢ⑓㝔 ᪋タࡢᑠඣ⑓Ჷ┳ㆤᖌ㛗࡟⾜ࡗࡓ኱すࡽࡢㄪᰝ㸦㸧 ࡛ࡣࠊࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ▱ࡿᶒ฼ࡢᑛ㔜ࠖࢆពᅗࡋࡓᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂ࡣ ๭௨ୗ࡜ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ᖺ࡟඲ᅜ ᗋ௨ୖࡢ⑓㝔ࡢᑠඣデ⒪⛉࡟ᡤᒓࡍࡿ┳ㆤᖌ ྡ࡟⾜ࡗࡓⴭ⪅ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ ࡣࠊࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ▱ࡿᶒ฼ࡢᑛ㔜ࠖࢆពᅗࡋࡓᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂ࡣ ๭ࠊ ᖺࡢ┳ㆤᖌ ྡ࡟ ᑐࡍࡿྠᵝࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ ๭௨ୖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ་⒪ฎ⨨ࢆཷࡅࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᚰ⌮ⓗ‽ഛࡢᚲせᛶ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕᖖ࡟ᚲせࠖ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿ๭ྜࡣࠊ㸣㸦㸧࠿ࡽ 㸣㸦㸧࡟ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ ࡢㄝ᫂᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕேᙧ࣭⋵ලࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠖ๭ྜࡶࠊ㸣㸦㸧࠿ࡽ 㸣࡟ቑຍ

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ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸦0DWXPRUL0DWXPRUL㸹ᯇ᳃Dࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᖺࠎቑ࠼࡚ࡁࡓࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ぶࡢᑛཝࢆᏲࡿࢣ࢔ ࡢᐇ㊶ࡸㄪᰝ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᑠඣ⑓Ჷ࡛ࡢ┳ㆤᖌࡢ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢព㆑ࡣ╔ᐇ࡟ྥୖࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㧗ᶫࡽࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ⑓㝔ࡸᑠඣᑓ㛛⑓㝔࡞࡝ᑠඣ┳ㆤ࡟ᦠࢃࡿ┳ㆤᖌ ྡࢆᑐ㇟ ࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ࢆ᧦ㆤࡍࡿ┳ㆤࡢ⌧≧ࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊ೔⌮ⓗጼໃ࡟᭱ࡶᙳ㡪ࡢ࠶ࡗࡓᩍ⫱ࡣ⌧ ௵ᩍ⫱࡛ࠊᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ᖺᩘู࡛ࡣ 㹼 ᖺࡀࠊᖺ㱋ู࡛ࡣ 㹼 ṓࡢ┳ㆤᖌࡀᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ ฼౵ᐖሙ㠃࡬ࡢᑐฎࡀ┳ㆤᖌ㛫࡛ࡢヰࡋྜ࠸࡟␃ࡲࡾࠊ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ୍᪉࡛ࠊΰྜ⑓Ჷ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ┳ㆤᖌࡢㄆ㆑ࡢྥୖࡀㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸦ᯇ᳃Dࠋ⡿ᒣࡽ㸦㸧ࡣࠊࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆࠕ▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࡢࡣࠊᑠඣ⑓Ჷࡢ┳ ㆤᖌ࡛ࡣ ࠊΰྜ⑓Ჷࡢ┳ㆤᖌ࡛ࡣ ࠊᑠᯘࡽ㸦㸧ࡣࠊࣉࣛ࢖ࣂࢩ࣮ࡢಖㆤࠊ᝟ሗᥦ ౪ࠊᐙ᪘ࡢᨭ᥼ࡣᑠඣ⑓㝔࡜ᑠඣ⛉⑓Ჷࡼࡾࡶΰྜ⑓Ჷࡢព㆑ࡀప࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ 㛫ࡽ㸦㸧ࡣࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢᐇ᪋ࡣᑠඣ⛉⑓Ჷࡢ┳ㆤᖌ ࠊΰྜ⑓Ჷࡢ┳ㆤᖌ ࠊ ᑠඣ⛉እ᮶ࡢ┳ㆤᖌ ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㧗ᮌࡽ㸦㸧ࡣᑠඣ⛉࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ⱞᡭព㆑ࢆࡶࡗ ࡚࠸ࡿ┳ㆤᖌࡀ ࡛࠶ࡿΰྜ⑓Ჷ࡛ࡢࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢ඘ᐇࢆ┠ⓗ࡟ࠊࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ ⤮ᮏࡢసᡂ࡜ᐇ㊶ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ┳ㆤᖌࡣධ㝔ඣࡢഴྥࡸᐙ᪘ࡢ㌟యⓗ࣭⢭⚄ⓗ㈇ᢸࢆ ⌮ゎࡋ࡚ᑠඣࡸᐙ᪘ࡀ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ㄝ᫂ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊᐙ᪘ࡢಙ㢗ឤࢆᚓࡿᶵ఍࡜࡞ ࡗࡓ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ▼ᾆࡽ㸦㸧ࡣࠊΰྜ⑓Ჷࡢ୰࡛ࡢ┳ㆤ೔⌮ࡢㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊேⓗ࣭≀ ⌮ⓗ⎔ቃඹ࡟Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᡂ㛗Ⓨ㐩ࡸ㐟ࡧࡢ᥼ຓࢆཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸≧ἣ࡜࡞ࡾࡸࡍࡃࠊᑠඣ ┳ㆤࡢᐃᮇⓗ࡞ຮᙉ఍➼ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ᭱ၿࡢ฼┈ࢆព㆑ࡋࡓ┳ㆤࡸᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂࡟✚ ᴟⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊᑠඣデ⒪⛉ࡢ┳ㆤᖌࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓㄪᰝࡢ グ㏙ᅇ⟅࡛ࡣࠊࠕ≀ရࢆ౑࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࣉࣞࣃࣞ ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡶ࠸ࡿࠖࠊࠕࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡣᐇ᪋ࡋ࡞࠸ࡀࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚ฎ⨨ ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜೔⌮ⓗ࡞ᐇ㊶࡛࠶ࡿࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂ࠖ࡜ࠕࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࠖࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡚ ࠸࡞࠸ㄆ㆑ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ࡀ ᖺ௨ෆࡢ┳ㆤᖌࡢグ㏙࡛ࡣࠊࠕ▷࠸ධ㝔ᮇ㛫ࡢ୰ ࡛඘ศ࡞᫬㛫ࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠖࠊࠕࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ⮬యࢆ㞴ࡋࡃ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠊ ࠕ㐨ලࡣ㧗㢠࡛㉎ධ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠖࠊࠕࡈ࡯࠺ࡧࢩ࣮ࣝࢆసᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⤮ࡀⱞᡭࡔࡗࡓࡾࠊసᡂ ࡢ᫬㛫ࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠊࠕ་⒪ഃࡢ຾ᡭ࡞ᛮ࠸㎸ࡳ࡛Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡸ୧ぶࡢẼᣢࡕࢆ☜ㄆࡏࡎ 㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛཯┬ࡉࡏࡽࢀࡿࠖ➼ࡢㄆ㆑ⓗ࣭⤒῭ⓗ࣭᫬㛫ⓗ࡞㜼ᐖᅉᏊࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛ࠊࠕ᪥ᖖࡢ୰࡛⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊព㆑ࡋ࡚㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸Ẽࡀࡍ ࡿࠖࠊࠕᬑẁ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿㄝ᫂ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿேࡶ࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ᐇ㝿Ⰻ࠸ࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿ ุ᩿࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠖ➼ࠊ ᪥ᖖࡢᐇ㊶ࡢ୰࡟ࡍ࡛࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡸホ౯ࢆᚲ せ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓᯇ᳃ࠋ┳ㆤ◊✲ࡢᣦᑟ࡛㛵ࢃࡗࡓᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂 ᖺ┠ࡢ┳ㆤᖌࡢሙྜࡶྠᵝ࡟ࠊ᪥ᖖࡢ୰࡛⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࢆព㆑ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡸᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂࢆぢ࡚ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᐇឤࡋࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ ࡚ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢሙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢᙉ໬ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⤒㦂ᖺᩘࢆࡣࡌࡵே ⓗ࣭≀⌮ⓗ⎔ቃ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ࡀᑡ࡞࠸┳ㆤᖌ࡬ࡢᏛ⩦ࡢᶵ఍ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ ᖺ࡟ᅜෆ࡛⾜ࡗࡓྠࡌㄪᰝࢆ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ⑓㝔Ꮚ࡝ࡶ༠఍ࡢຍ┕ᅜ࡛࠶ࡿࢻ࢖ ࢶ࡟࠾࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢᐇ㊶ࡢ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࡢ᪉ࡀ᪥ᮏࡼࡾࠕ᝟ ⥴ⓗⓎ㐩ࢆಁࡍࠖࠕ┳ㆤࡢ㉁ࡢྥୖࠖ࡞࡝ࡢᅇ⟅ࡀ ๭ከࡃࠊ᪥ᮏࡣࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡼࡾぶ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ

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ࡓ᪉ࡀࡼ࠸ࠖࠕㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀ୙Ᏻ࡟࡞ࡿࠖࠕᴗົࢆᨵၿࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡀ ࢻ࢖ࢶࡼࡾ ๭௨ୖከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࢻ࢖ࢶࡢ᪉ࡀ㛗ᮇⓗどⅬ࡛Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ⬟ຊࢆᑛ㔜ࡋ ࡓᐇ㊶ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣᚰ⌮ⓗ‽ഛࡢᚲせᛶࡢㄆ㆑ࡣྥୖࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࢆ⮬ᚊ ࡋࡓᏑᅾ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵ▱ࡿᶒ฼ࢆᑛ㔜ࡍࡿព㆑ࡀపࡃࠊ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢࡓࡵࡢᴗົᨵၿࡀồ ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸦,VIRUW0DWVXPRUL %U¾KH㸧ࠋ ⑓㝔࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢᶒ฼ಖㆤࡢព㆑ࡀ㧗࠸࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸⌧≧ࡢ୰ࠊ ᖺ᳨ᰝ࣭ฎ⨨ ࢆཷࡅࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂ࡢ⌧≧ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ་⒪ሙ㠃ࡢཧຍほᐹ࡜㠃᥋࡟ࡼࡿ ㄪᰝࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢣ࢔ሙ㠃࡛ᢲࡉ࠼ࡘࡅࡽࢀࡓ᫬ࡣືᦂࡋ࡚࠸ࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡀࠊㄝ᫂ࡀ ࠶ࡗࡓሙྜࡣືᦂࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡞࡝ࡢᵝࠎ࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ぶࡢᵝᏊࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢෆᐜࡀᑠඣ ┳ㆤࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡓ◊✲࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡟ࡼࡗ᳨࡚ウࡉࢀࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡸぶࢆ୺య࡜ࡋᑛཝࢆᏲࡿ ࢣ࢔ࡢព㆑ࢆၨⓎࡍࡿ඾ᆺ౛ࡀ㑅ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋ ᖺ࡟ࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢ୰࠿ࡽ᳨ᰝ࣭ฎ⨨ሙ㠃ࡢ඾ ᆺ౛ࢆ㞟ࡵࠊࠕࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࠖࢆసᡂࡋࠊ⮫ᗋࡢ┳ㆤᖌ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓᚋ࡟ᐇ㊶ࡢኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄪ ᰝࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᐇ᪋๓࡜ẚ࡭ࠊ ࠿᭶ᚋࠊ ࠿᭶ᚋ࡜ẁ㝵ⓗ࡟ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ┠ࡢ㧗ࡉ ࡛ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠖ➼ࡢ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢㄆ㆑ࡀྥୖࡋ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ᨵၿຠᯝࡀぢ㎸ࡲࢀࡓ㸦⼎ྡ㸪㸧ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊⴭ⪅ࡣ᪥ᖖࡢ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࢆぢ┤ࡍࢶ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡇࡢࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝ ࢆά⏝ࡋ⾲⌧ࢆ⢭㑅ࡋࡓࠕ⡆᫆∧ࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࠖࡢࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࣜࢫࢺ࡜஦౛グධ⏝⣬ࢆసᡂࡋࠊ௓ ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⪃᱌ࡋࡓࠋ ᖺ࡟ࡇࡢ௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᑠඣ┳ㆤ࡟ᦠࢃࡿ ྡࡢཷㅮ⪅ࢆ ᑐ㇟࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ ࠿᭶༙ᚋ࡟ࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢ㡯┠࡟࠾࠸࡚ᐇ᪋㢖ᗘࡀᨵ ၿࡋࠊࡇࡢ௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣ᪥ᖖࡢ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚᭷⏝࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ୍᪉᳨࡛ᰝ࣭ฎ⨨ᚋࡢ཯ᛂࢆほᐹࢆࡍࡿ㡯┠࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᨵၿ࡟⮳ࡽ࡞࠿ ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࠊ ࠿᭶༙௨㝆ࡢຠᯝࡢᣢ⥆ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᢕᥱ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ṧࡗࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊཷㅮ⪅ࡢᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ᖺᩘࢆ㝈ᐃࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ⤒㦂ᖺᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸┳ㆤᖌ࡟↔Ⅼ໬ ࡋࡓ௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢຠᯝࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᯇ᳃㸪ࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ௓ධࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ࡀ ᖺ௨ෆࡢ┳ㆤᖌࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤ ᐇ㊶ࢆព㆑໬࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࡢ㡯┠࡜࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢせ⣲ࡸ೔⌮ཎ๎࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ࢆ᫂☜໬ ࡋࠊ᳨ᰝ࣭ฎ⨨ᚋࡢほᐹࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᩍᤵෆᐜࢆ෌⪃ࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㛤ጞ᫬࡜ ࠿ ᭶༙௨㝆ࡢᐇ㊶౛ࡢグ㏙ෆᐜ࠿ࡽ┳ㆤᖌࡢ⾜ືኚᐜ࡜┳ㆤᖌࡀ࡜ࡽ࠼ࡓᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ᐙ᪘ࡢ཯ᛂ ࡢኚ໬ࢆᢕᥱࡋࠊຠᯝࡢᣢ⥆ᛶࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ

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ϩ ϩ㸬ᩥ⊩᳨ウ  Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࣭࢔ࢭࣥࢺ ㄝ᫂࡜ྠពࡣேࢆᑛ㔜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⮬ᕫỴᐃᶒࡣ⮬❧࡜࠸࠺ேࡢᶒ฼࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢺྠពࡢ⬟ຊࡣ☜࠿࡞ዎ⣙ࢆ⤖ࡪࡓࡵࡢἲⓗ࡞⬟ຊࠊỴᐃ࡛ࡁࡿᚰ⌮ⓗࠊⓎ㐩ⓗ⬟ ຊࡀせồࡉࢀࡿࠋ἞⒪ࡢ㝿࡟ᮍᡂᖺ⪅࡟௦ࢃࡗ࡚ぶࡀྠពࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊἲⓗ࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ᮍᡂᖺ⪅ࡣ☜࠿࡞ྠពࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀ἞⒪ࢆཷࡅධࢀࡿពᚿࢆ㔜せ࡟⪃࠼ࡿ㓄៖࡜ࡋ࡚࢔ࢭࣥ ࢺࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࣭ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢺࡣᡂே་⒪࡛୺࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࡀࠊ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡣㄽதࡀ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢᐇ㝿ࡢᐃ⩏ࠊఱṓࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟࢔ࢭࣥࢺࢆࡍ ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊࡔࢀࡀ⾜࠺࠿ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ぶࡢ㛫ࡢㄽதࢆ࡝࠺ゎỴࡍࡿ࠿ࠊ࢔ࢭࣥࢺ࡜ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢺࡢ㛵 ಀᛶ࡜ᐙ᪘࡜Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢ᝟ሗ㛤♧ࡢ㉁࡜㔞ࠊ㛤♧ࡉࢀࡓ᝟ሗࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⌮ゎࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࠊ ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢ㐣⛬࡜ࡋ࡚ຠᯝⓗࠊᐇ㊶ⓗࠊ⌧ᐇⓗ࡛ᛂ⏝ྍ⬟࡞ពᛮỴᐃࣔࢹࣝࢆ㆟ㄽࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ඲࡚ࡢ⫋✀࡟ࡼࡿពᛮỴᐃ࡬ࡢཧຍ࡜㆟ㄽࡀ᭱㧗ࡢ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢᵝ┦࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ṓ௨ୖࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡣ἞⒪ࡢពᛮỴᐃ࡛኱ே࡜ྠ➼ࡢ⬟ຊࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢពᛮỴᐃ࡟ࡣ㑅ᢥࡢ⮬⏤ࠊྜ⌮ⓗ࡞㑅ᢥࠊ㑅ᢥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗࡢ⌮ゎࡀồࡵࡽࢀࠊᏊ࡝ ࡶࡢ⌮ゎຊ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ࢔ࢭࣥࢺ࡟ࡣ」ᩘࡢẁ㝵ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᖺ㱋ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ▱㆑ࠊ೺ᗣ≧ ែࠊ୙Ᏻࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ⤒㦂ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⊂⮬ࡢ౯್࡜ᩥ໬ࠊᐙ᪘ࡢ౯್ほࡸ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞⫼ᬒࡍ࡭࡚ ࡀពᛮỴᐃࡢ⬟ຊ࡟స⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵಶูࡢ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࣔࢹࣝࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ᑠඣ⛉Ꮫ ఍ࡣྍ⬟࡞㝈ࡾ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶࢣ࢔࡬ࡢ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ່ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࢆ㐣⛬࡜ࡳ࡞ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ་⒪⪅ࡢ㈐௵ࡣᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ௦ᘚ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ࣮ࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡇࡢ㐣⛬ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡇ ࡜ࢆಖドࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⮫ᗋᐙࡣᏊ࡝ࡶࡀ⮬ศ࡛⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿᡭ❧࡚ࢆぶ࡟ᥦ౪ࡋࠊ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢỴᐃࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࠸ࡘࡶດຊࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ8QJXUXࠋ ∦⏣㸦㸧ࡣࠊ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡣࠕᢎㅙ㸦㸻ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢺ㸧ࠖ࡜ྠ⩏࡟ヂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀἲⓗ࡞ഃ㠃 ࡀ௜ຍࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊព࿡࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠕ⣡ᚓࠖࡀ᭱ࡶ㏆࠸ゝⴥ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᏊ࡝ ࡶࡀ⮬ศ࡟࡞ࡉࢀࡿ⾜Ⅽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟༑ศ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢ㑅ᢥ࣭Ỵ᩿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ⣡ᚓࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ་Ꮫ఍㸦㸧ࡣࠊᮍᡂᖺ⪅࡞࡝ྠព⬟ຊࡀ࡞࠸⪅ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ ࡓ㑇ఏᏛⓗ᳨ᰝࡢሙྜࡣ⿕㦂⪅ࡢ⌮ゎᗘ࡟ᛂࡌࡓㄝ᫂ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᮏேࡢ஢ゎ㸦࢖ࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࢻ࣭ ࢔ࢭࣥࢺ㸧ࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ $$3 ࡀ♧ࡋࡓ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢせ⣲ࡣ௨ୗࡢ Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡓࡕࡀ⮬ศࡢ⑓≧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ⓨ㐩ẁ㝵࡟㐺ࡋࡓ⌮ゎࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺ᨭ᥼ࡍࡿࠋ 㸧࡞ࡉࢀࡿ᳨ᰝࡸฎ⨨ࡢෆᐜࡸࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ 㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ≧ἣ⌮ゎࡸ཯ᛂ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿせ⣲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⮫ᗋⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿ 㸧ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀࡓࢣ࢔࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⮬Ⓨⓗ࡟Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀ⣡ᚓ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿⾲⌧࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ᕤኵࡍ ࡿࠋ ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢ㐣⛬࡟ᚲせ࡞せ⣲ࡀㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ ࡟ᚲせ࡞せ⣲࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ  ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࡢసᡂ࡜ά⏝ ᖺ᳨ᰝ࣭ฎ⨨ࢆཷࡅࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂ࡢ⌧≧ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ་⒪ሙ㠃ࡢ ཧຍほᐹ࡜㠃᥋࡟ࡼࡿㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡀἽ࠸࡚ࡶື࠿࡞࠸᳨࡛ᰝࢆ⤊஢࡛ ࡁࡓሙ㠃ࠖࡸࠕ᳨ᰝࡢ᫬ࡣᢲࡉ࠼ࡘࡅࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠸ࡘࡶࣅࢡࣅࢡࡋ࡚࠸ࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡀࠊ᳨ᰝࡢ๓ ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡀ࠶ࡿ⑓㝔࡛ࡣࣅࢡࣅࢡࡋ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠖ࡞࡝ࠊࢣ࢔ሙ㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿᵝࠎ࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ぶࡢᵝ

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Ꮚࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢෆᐜࡀᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛ᵓᡂ ࡉࢀࡓ◊✲࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡟ࡼࡗ᳨࡚ウࡉࢀࠊ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡸぶࢆ୺య࡜ࡋࠊᙼࡽࡢᑛཝࢆᏲࡿࢣ࢔ࡢព㆑ࢆ┳ㆤᖌ࡟ၨⓎࡍࡿ඾ᆺ౛ࡀ㑅ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋ ඾ᆺ౛ࡣࠊ㹼 ṓࠊ㹼 ṓࠊ ṓ௨ୖࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ぶࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟↔Ⅼࢆ࠶࡚ࠊ᥇⾑ࠊⅬ⁲ࠊᢤ ⣒࡞࡝᳨ᰝ࣭ฎ⨨ࡢᐇ᪋๓࣭୰࣭ᚋࡢሙ㠃ࡈ࡜࡟ᩚ⌮ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ࡝ࡢ㒊ศࡀࡼ࠸ࢣ࢔࡜ ࡋ࡚Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ぶࡢᑛཝࡀᏲࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࡝࠺ࡍࢀࡤᨵၿ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ♧ࡍ஦౛ࡢゎ㔘࡜ࡑ ࡢ᰿ᣐࠊᐇ㊶࡬ࡢᛂ⏝᪉ἲࢆຍ➹ࡋࠊࠕ᳨ᰝ࣭ฎ⨨ࢆཷࡅࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂࡜⣡ᚓ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢣ ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࠖ㸦௨ᚋࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝ㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ $ ∧ ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ㸦⼎ྡ㸪㸹⼎ྡ㸪㸧ࠋ ᖺ࡟ࡣࠊ┳ㆤᖌ࡟ࡇࡢࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࢆㄝ᫂ࡋࡓᚋ࡟ࠊᐇ㝿࡟⑓㝔᳨࡛ᰝ࣭ฎ⨨ࡢࢣ࢔ࢆ ヨࡳ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢヨ⾜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ┳ㆤᖌࡀ㐪࿴ឤ࡞ࡃ౑⏝ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡼ࠺஦౛ࢆ⢭㑅ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ ࡸᐇ㊶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᢏ⾡ࢆࡉࡽ࡟Ⓨ᥀ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࡢホ౯࡜Ἴཬຠᯝࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋ ༠ຊ⪅㸦ࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࡢᐇ㊶⪅㸧࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ⮫ᗋ⤒㦂 ᖺ┠௨ୖࡢ┳ㆤᖌ ྡ࡛ࠊ㹼 ṓࡢᑠඣ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⾜ࡗࡓ᥇⾑ࡸὀᑕ࣭Ⅼ⁲ࠊ⭜᳝✸่ࠊ&7 ᳨ᰝ࡞࡝࡟㛵ࡍࡿሙ㠃 ௳ࡀሗ࿌ ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢሙ㠃ࢆ㉁ⓗᖐ⣡ⓗ࡟ศᯒࡋࠊࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࡢᐇ㊶࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ┳ㆤ ᖌࡸ⑓Ჷ඲య࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ձㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊղᏊ࡝ࡶࡢຊࢆᘬࡁฟࡍࡇ࡜ࠊճぶࡀࢣ࢔ ࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊմ⑓Ჷ࡬ࡢἼཬຠᯝࡢ㸲࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ศ㢮ࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࢆ 㹼㡯┠ࡢࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࣜࢫࢺ࡟ࡋࡓ㉁ၥ⣬ࢆ⏝࠸࡚༠ຊ᪋タࡢ⑓Ჷ┳ㆤᖌࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓㄪᰝࢆ⾜ ࠸ࠊヨ⾜ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ㛤ጞ๓ ௳ࠊᐇ᪋ᚋ ࠿᭶ ௳ࠊᐇ᪋ᚋ ࠿᭶ ௳ ࡢᅇ⟅ࢆศᯒࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊࠕㄡࡀ㸦㹼 ṓࡢ㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࠿ࠊぶ࡜┦ㄯࡍࡿࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜ࡢᅇ⟅ࡣࠊ㛤ጞ๓ 㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ ᭶ᚋ 㸣ࠊ ࠿᭶ᚋ࡟ࡣ 㸣࡟ቑຍ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦S㸺㸧ࠋྠᵝ࡟ࠊࠕ㸦㹼 ṓࡢ㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ┠ࡢ㧗ࡉ࡛ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠖࡣࠊ㛤ጞ๓ 㸣ࠊ ࠿᭶ᚋ 㸣ࠊ ࠿᭶ᚋࡣ 㸣࡟ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦S㸺㸧㸦⼎ྡ㸪㸧ࠋ ࡲࡓࠊబ⸨ࡽ㸦㸧ࡣࠊࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝࢆࡶ࡜࡟⑓Ჷ⊂⮬ࡢࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩ࣐ࣙࣥࢽࣗ࢔ࣝࢆస ᡂࡋࠊ⣬Ⱚᒃࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ 㹼 ṓ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊẕぶࡢཧຍࢆಁࡍ㛵ࢃࡾ ࡸᏊ࡝ࡶࡢពᛮࢆᑛ㔜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ㔜せᛶ࡟Ẽ࡙ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࢣ࢔ࣔࢹࣝ ࢆᑟධࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡽࡓࡵ࡚Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂࡜ぶࡢ༠ຊࢆព㆑ࡋࡓࢣ࢔ࡢᐇ㊶ࡀቑ࠼ ࠊ ┳ㆤᖌࡀά⏝࡛ࡁࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡢពᛮỴᐃࣔࢹࣝࡢᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡍ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ  ┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡟࠾ࡅࡿ೔⌮ཎ๎࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄆ㆑ ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢ೔⌮࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ᚊࠊၿ⾜ࠊ↓ᐖࠊṇ⩏ࠊㄔᐇࠊᛅㄔࡢ ࡘࡢཎ๎ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⮬ᚊࡣࠊ ಶேࡀࡑࡢேࡢィ⏬ࡸ⾜ືࢆ⮬ᕫỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆࡵࠊ⮬ᚊࡋ࡚Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿே࡜ࡋ࡚ᢅࢃࢀ ࡿ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࠊ⮬ᚊᛶࡀపࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡣಖㆤࡉࢀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋၿ⾜ࡣࠊⰋ ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ⾜࠺⩏ົࠊ↓ᐖࡣࠊᐖࡸ༴㝤ࢆ㑊ࡅ༴ᐖࢆཬࡰࡉ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࠊṇ⩏ࡣࠊ㐺ṇ࠿ࡘබᖹ࡞ ࣊ࣝࢫࢣ࢔㈨※ࡢ㓄ศࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊㄔᐇࡣࠊ┿ᐇࢆ࿌ࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࠊᛅㄔࡣࠊ⣙᮰ࢆᏲࡗࡓࡾ ⛎ᐦࢆᏲࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸦)U\㸧ࠋ℈⏣㸦㸧ࡣࠊ೔⌮ุ᩿ࡢᣦᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡇࡢ ࡘࡢཎ๎ࢆ࠶ࡆࠊᗂඣᮇࡢ᥇⾑ሙ㠃ࢆศᯒࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᥇⾑⾜Ⅽࡣ⑓Ẽࡢᅇ᚟ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡛࠶ ࡾၿ⾜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟③ࡳࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡓࡵ↓ᐖࡢཎ๎࡟཯ࡍࡿࡀࠊᏳ඲࡟☜ᐇ࡟᥇ ⾑ࢆ ᅇ࡛⤊࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ↓ᐖ࡜࡞ࡿࠋᡭࢆᢲࡉ࠼࡚ࡶᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ⣡ᚓࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ⮬ᚊࢆ ᑛ㔜ࡋࠊ③ࡳࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆఏ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣㄔᐇࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ஺΅࡟ྥࡁྜ࠸┿๢࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ ᛅㄔࠊಶࠎࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢࢽ࣮ࢬ࡟ᛂࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡣṇ⩏࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪥ᖖࡢࢣ࢔ሙ㠃࡟ ࠾࠸࡚┳ㆤ೔⌮ࡀ㛵ಀࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭱ၿࡢࢣ࢔࡜ࡣఱ࠿ࢆᖖ࡟⪃࠼ᐇ ㊶ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋඛࡢ $$3 ࡀᥦ♧ࡋࡓ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢ ࡘࡢせ⣲ࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼ

(17)

ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ೔⌮ཎ๎࡟㐺࠺┳ㆤᐇ㊶࡜࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ᑠᐑࡽ㸦㸧ࡣࠊ೔⌮⥘㡿ࡢㄆ㆑࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᑠඣᑓ㛛⑓㝔ࡢ┳ㆤᖌ ྡ࡟ㄪᰝࡋࠊ᮲ᩥ㸲 ࠕ┳ㆤ⪅ࡣࠊேࠎࡢ▱ࡿᶒ฼ཬࡧ⮬ᕫỴᐃࡢᶒ฼ࢆᑛ㔜ࡋࠊࡑࡢᶒ฼ࢆ᧦ㆤࡍࡿࠖࢆ⌮ゎࡋᐇ ㊶࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ๭ྜࡣ ๭࡛ࠊぶ࡟ࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ ࡓ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ೔⌮⥘㡿ࢆ┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢලయⓗ⾜ື࡟⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚༑ศ࡟⌮ゎ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸⌧ ≧ࡸᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ࡢ᧦ㆤ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᙺ๭ࡀ༑ศ࡟ㄆ▱ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㧗ᶫ ࡽࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ⑓㝔ࡸᑠඣᑓ㛛⑓㝔࡞࡝ᑠඣ┳ㆤ࡟ᦠࢃࡿ┳ㆤᖌࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ ࢆ᧦ㆤࡍࡿ┳ㆤࡢ⌧≧ࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡣ ๭ᙅࠊㄝ᫂࡜ྠពࡣ ๭ᙅࡀᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡓ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ೔⌮ⓗጼໃ࡟᭱ࡶᙳ㡪ࡢ࠶ࡗࡓᩍ⫱ࡣ ๭ᙅࡀ⌧௵ᩍ⫱࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࠊ ᳨ᐃࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ᖺᩘู࡛ࡣ 㹼 ᖺࡢ⩌ࠊᖺ㱋ู࡛ࡣ 㹼 ṓࡢ⩌㸦኱ Ꮫ㝔௨እ㸧࡛Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼౵ᐖሙ㠃࡬ࡢᑐฎࡀ┳ㆤᖌ㛫࡛ࡢヰࡋྜ࠸࡟␃ࡲࡾࠊ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤ ᐇ㊶࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢ୙㊊ࡣ୺ ࡟ᑠඣ┳ㆤࡢ⤒㦂ᖺᩘ ᖺ௨ෆࡢ┳ㆤᖌࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⌧௵ᩍ⫱ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ  Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢㄝ᫂࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄆ㆑ࡢ⌧≧ 㸧ࠕㄝ᫂ࠖࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡋࡓ೔⌮ⓗ࡞┳ㆤᐇ㊶ࡢ⌧≧ ་Ꮫ୰ኸ㞧ㄅ ZHE ࡟ࡼࡿᩥ⊩᳨⣴࡛ࡣࠊࠕࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࠖࡲࡓࡣࠕࣉࣜࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࠖ ࠾ࡼࡧࠕ┳ㆤࠖࡢ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿᩥ⊩ࡣ ᖺ௨㝆࠿ࡽᛴ⃭࡟ቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦㹼 ᖺ㸸 ௳ࠊ㹼 ᖺ㸸 ௳ࠊ㹼 ᖺ㸸 ௳ࠊ㹼 ᖺ㸸 ௳ࠊ㹼 ᖺ㸸 ௳ࠊ ᖺ ᭶㹼 ᭶㸸 ௳㸧ࡇࡢ୰࠿ࡽࠊࠕ┳ㆤࠖࠕࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࠖࠕព㆑ㄪᰝࠖ ࠕㄆ㆑ࠖࡢ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻࢆ⏝࠸་୰ㄅ :(%㸦㸧࡛ᅜෆࡢᩥ⊩ࢆ᳨⣴ࡋ ௳ࡢᩥ⊩ࢆᢳ ฟࡋࠊࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢᐃ⩏ࡀグ㏙ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿㄪᰝ࡜ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࡢ㛵㐃ࢆศᯒࡋࡓࠋࣉࣞࣃࣞ ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᐃ⩏ࡢグ㏙ࡣ኱ࡁࡃ ࡘ࡟ศࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊྛᩥ⊩ᩘࢆᢕᥱࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊձࣉࣞࣃ ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢢࢵࢬࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ஦๓ㄝ࣭᫂᝟ሗᥦ౪㸦⣬Ⱚᒃ࣭⤮ᮏ ௳ྵࡴ㸧 ௳ࠊղ἞⒪ࡸ᳨ ᰝࠊฎ⨨ࠊධ㝔⏕άࢆ஌ࡾ㉺࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᑐฎ⬟ຊࡸ㡹ᙇࡾࢆᘬฟࡋᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ೺ࡸ ࠿࡞Ⓨ㐩ࢆᨭ᥼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࠊ⎔ቃ࡙ࡃࡾࠊ㓄៖ ௳࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋձཬࡧղࡣඛࡢ࢔ࢭࣥࢺࡢ せ⣲࡟ྜ⮴ࡋ೔⌮ⓗ࡞ᐇ㊶࡜ࡋ࡚ᗈࡃ⮫ᗋ࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢᐇ᪋≧ἣࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ ࡟ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠕ஦๓ࡢㄝ࣭᫂᝟ሗᥦ౪ࠖ࡜ࡋࡓᐃ⩏ձࡢሙྜࠊ຾㒊ࡽ㸦㸧ࡣᑠඣ⑓Ჷࡢ┳ㆤᖌ ྡ ࡬ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᖺ㱋ࡸᛶ᱁ࠊ⌮ゎᗘࢆ⪃៖ࡋࠊᐇ᪋ྍ⬟࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡟ࡣࡍ࡭࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ 㸣ࠊࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᖺ㱋ࡸᛶ᱁ࠊ⌮ゎᗘࢆ⪃៖ࡋࠊᐇ᪋ྍ⬟࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡟ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟⾜ࡗ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠖ㸣ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡶྠᖍࡍࡿࡀࠊぶ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ 㸣ࠊࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢྠᖍ࡞ࡋ࡛ࠊぶ ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ㸣࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᒣᕝࡽ㸦㸧ࡣᑠඣ┳ㆤᖌ ྡࢆᑐ㇟࡟ㄪᰝࡋࠊ ᐇ᪋ࡣ 㸣࡜ࠕᚲせᛶࡣㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠖࡇ࡜ࢆᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ 㔝୰ࡽ㸦㸧ࡣ㸿┴ෆࡢᑠඣ⑓Ჷ࣭ΰྜ⑓Ჷ࣭እ᮶ࡢ┳ㆤᖌ ྡ࡟ㄪᰝࡋࠊࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞ ࢩࣙࣥࢆࠕࡼࡃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠊࠕ᫬ࠎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠊࠕࡓࡲ࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠊࠕࡋ࡚࠸ ࡞࠸ࠖࠊࡲࡓࠊ㰻⸨ࡽ㸦㸧ࡣࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆࠕᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ┳ㆤᖌ㛗 ࠊ ┳ㆤᖌ ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ➉ᮏࡽ㸦㸧ࡣᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ་⒪࡟㛵ࢃࡿ་ᖌ ྡࠊ┳ㆤᖌ ྡࢆྵࡴ་⒪⪅ ྡࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢㄆ㆑ࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊࠕ㛵ᚰࡀ࠶ࡿࠖࠊࠕᑟ ධࡋࡓ࠸ࠖࡢ୍᪉ࠊࠕࣉࣞࣃ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ┳ㆤᖌ ࠊ་ᖌ ࡜㛵

小児医療に携わる看護師の倫理的な看護実践を強化する介入プログラムの効果