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「I don’t know」と知の魅力

副学長 柴田 正良

新入生のみなさん,入学おめでとうございます。

ある外国人の学長がみなさんと同じように大学の新入生だった頃,別の大学の学長だった父 親に,こう聞いてみたそうです。

「いままでで一番難しかった答えは何?」。「I don’t know」。「えっ, お父さんは何でも知 っていたの?」。「いや,そうじゃない。答えるのに一番難しいのは,自分の知らないことを はっきり「知らない」と言うことなんだ」。

「無知の知」という,この本質的にソクラテス的な態度は,私たちが年を重ね,知識を増や していけばいくほど,素直に維持することができなくなるものです。恥への恐れや見栄や過 信が,知らず知らずのうちに自分たちの眼を曇らせ,知らないことを「知っている」と思い 込ませ,「真の知」の獲得を妨げてしまうのです。ですから,大学に入ってまずみなさんに 求められるのは,この知の「自己欺瞞」とでも言うべきものを振り払うことです。そして,

自分が本当に知っているのは何かということに,真摯に向き合うことです。

金沢大学は,卒業・修了時のみなさんに保証する知識や能力を,平成26 年度に「金沢大学

〈グローバル〉スタンダード(KUGS)」(学士課程版・大学院課程版)として定めました。今 回は,そのうちの「大学院課程版」に焦点を当てましょう。これは,「学士課程版」の基本 的な 5つのスタンダードの水準を高度先鋭化したものですが,その観点は 2つあります。

第 1 は「強固なグローバルマインド」,第 2は「明確な倫理的思考」です。さて,「自己 の立ち位置を知る」,「自己を知り,自己を鍛える」,「考え・価値観を表現する」,「世界とつ ながる」,「未来の課題に取り組む」という 5 つのスタンダードを高度先鋭化するというの は,どういうことでしょうか?

それは,現在の我が国において,これまで以上に修士人材・博士人材が求められていること と関係しています。その背景はみなさんもよくご存じでしょう。止める手立てがまったく見 つからない人口減少と,AI の台頭に象徴される情報化社会の超高度化です。これらはいず れも,自然資源の乏しい我が国において,人的資源の質の向上,すなわち大学がこれまでよ り以上に優れた知的人材をより多く輩出することを要求します。それができなければ,我が 国は多くの文明や民族が衰退の歴史を経験してきたように,21 世紀の世界のなかで埋没す るでしょう。

2013年に1000万人だった訪日外国人旅行者は2016年に2000万人,昨年2018年には3000 万人を突破しました。政府の目標は,オリンピック・パラリンピックの年,2020年に 4000 万人を達成することです。外国人旅行者にとって日本は,スマートな先端技術に溢れた都市 のみならず伝統や歴史を大切に継承してきた地方,安心安全な社会,清潔で穏やかな人々の 暮らし,繊細な味覚さえ魅了する深い食文化などが,その魅力となっているのかもしれませ ん。しかし,こうした魅力は,結局はそれらを支える人々の絶え間のない努力によってしか 生み出されません。結局は,人の力なのです。しかも,挑戦と変化を恐れない若い人たちの

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力。

今後,我が国が衰退も没落もせずに,世界の人々を惹きつけ続けることができるとすれば,

それは,過去にあったような,自らの独善的なヴィジョンを振り回す,自分勝手な力の誇示 によってではなく,世界の国々との協調と融和を掲げ,人類全体の未来という価値観に自ら の行動規範をおくことによってだ,と私たちは考えます。「強固なグローバルマインド」は 人々や文化の多様性を求め,「明確な倫理的思考」はたんなる弱肉強食の道を戒めるでしょ う。

新入生のみなさんには,ぜひとも世界に跨がって活躍する修士人材・博士人材となるよう,

自らの知の魅力を高めていってもらいたいと切に願っています。

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“I don’t know” and The Fascination of Knowledge

SHIBATA Masayoshi Vice President Kanazawa University

Welcome, new students of Kanazawa University!

Back when a non-Japanese president of a university entered a university as a freshman like you, he asked the following question of his father, who was also a president of a different university at that time. “What was the most difficult answer you ever had to give?” His father replied, “I don’t know.” “What?”

the son responded. “You knew everything?” “That’s not what I mean,” his father corrected him. “The most difficult thing for us to say is to answer clearly “I don’t know” about what we don’t know.”

“I should know exactly what I don’t know”, this essentially Socratic attitude becomes increasingly harder to honestly hold as we grow older, and gain more and more knowledge. We are afraid of looking stupid, we try to show off, we get overconfident, so that we unconsciously cloud our own vision to the point that we believe that we know things we actually don’t know. That stands in the way of getting true knowledge. This is why I recommend you, as new university students, not to deceive yourselves with this kind of false knowing. Ask yourself sincerely what you truly know for sure.

In the 2014 academic year, our university set forth the Kanazawa University “Global”

Standard (KUGS) to outline the knowledge and skills that the university promises to impart to you upon finishing undergraduate or graduate school. This time I will focus on the “Graduate course” chapter in KUGS. It is based on the five basic “Undergraduate course” standards and is upgraded by highlighting two key perspectives. The first is a “strong global mind” and the second is “clear ethical thinking”. What does it mean to excel at the five standards of “Knowing one’s own position”, “Knowing and training oneself”, “Expressing thoughts and values”, “Connecting with the world” and “Tackling future problems”?

The answer is related to the current demand for more and more master’s and doctoral graduates in Japan. You might have already heard about it. The endlessly declining population and the super-sophistication of the information society symbolized by the rise of AI. Tackling these problems requires improvement in the quality of human resources, in other words, it is expected that our universities will produce even better quality intellectuals than before. If we cannot do it, then Japan, where natural resources are scarce, will be buried in the 21st century, similarly

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to many civilizations and ethnic groups we saw in the history.

Japan has succeeded in attracting 10 million foreign visitors in 2013. This number exceeded 20 million by 2016 and 30 million last year in 2018. The goal of the government is to achieve 40 million foreign visitors in 2020, the year of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. For foreign tourists, not only is Japan a highly developed country filled with advanced technologies, but also it has many local regions where treasured traditions and history has been carefully passed down through the generations, not to mention that it is a safe and secure society, a place where people live in clean and calm neighborhoods, with a refined cuisine and rich fascinating food culture even the most demanding “gourmets” cannot complain about. However, these fascinations are only created and continued on through the constant efforts of the people who are supporting them. In other words, the thing is the power of the people. And a big part of this power is the power of young people who are not afraid to challenge and change.

In the future, if Japan wants to avoid decline and ruin, and keep attracting people from the world, we need to throw away selfish tendencies and self-righteous visions like the ones we had in the past, and work to establish cooperation and reconciliation with the countries of the world by setting our own code of conduct on the values that make the future of humanity as a whole. Having a “Strong global mind” will require the diversity of peoples and cultures, and maintaining “clear ethical thinking” will prevent “law of the jungle” ethics.

I sincerely hope that all new graduate students will enhance the appeal of their knowledge and become master’s and doctoral students who go on to play an important role in the world.

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