ᗂඣᩍ⫱ࢆᏛࡪᏛ⏕ࡢಖ⫱ᐇ㊶ຊࢆ㣴࠺ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᪉ἲㄢ㢟
☄ᖾᏊ
Methods and tasks of teaching materials research to cultivate childcare practical
skills of students studying early childhood education
SACHIKO USUI せ᪨ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡣಖ⫱ෆᐜࡢᐇ⌧࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓಖ⫱ࡣࠊஙඣࡢᏛ⩦ពḧ ࡸၥ㢟ゎỴ⬟ຊࡢྥୖ࡞ࠊᗂඣࡢᏛࡧࡸ⏕άࢆಖドࡍࡿᐇ㊶࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ 㣴ᡂᮇࡢᏛ⏕ࡗ࡚ᩍᮦ◊✲ࢆࡍࡿࡇࡣࠊᗂඣࡢෆ㠃⌮ゎㄆ▱➼ࡢᡂ㛗ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿᡭ❧࡚࡞ ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᗂඣᩍ⫱ࢆ┠ᣦࡍᏛ⏕ࡢᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࡛ࡢᣦᑟィ⏬ࡢᇶᮏⓗ⪃ ࠼᪉ᩍᮦ◊✲ࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࠊᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱๓ᚋࡢᏛ⏕ࡢኚᐜࡽձᗂඣࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ղᗂ ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ࡢෆᐜࢆලయࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᭷ຠᛶၥ㢟Ⅼࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࠊᗂඣ⌮ゎࠊಖ⫱ෆᐜࠊಖ⫱ᐇ㊶ຊ 㸯ࠊࡣࡌࡵ ᗂඣᩍ⫱࠾ࡅࡿᩍᮦࡣࠊᗂඣࡢ㐟ࡧࢆㄏⓎࡋάືࡢᣐⅬ࡞ࡿࠋᩍᮦࡣάືࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊಖ ⫱ෆᐜࡢࡡࡽ࠸ࢆ⥲ྜⓗ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡞ࡿࠋ㸯㸧ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᗈ⩏ࡣே㛫㛵ಀࡸ⎔ቃࡲ࡛ࡶ ྵࡲࢀࡿࠋ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡣࠊձಖ⫱⪅ࡢᩍ⫱ⓗពᅗࢆᗂඣാࡁࡅࡿࡓࡵࠊ፹య࡞ࡿᩍᮦࡢ࠸᪉ࢆලయⓗ ᵓࡍࡿࠋղᩍᮦࢆ༑ศ⌮ゎ 㠃ⓑࡉ➼ࡢ⌮ゎ ࡋࠊࡑࡢᩍᮦ࡛㐟ࡪᗂඣࡢෆ㠃ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡇࡼ ࡾࠊᗂඣࡢぢ᪉ࡸ㛵ࢃࡾ᪉ࡀࡼࡾⓗ☜࡞ࡿࠋ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇࡽᩍᮦ◊✲ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡢಖ⫱ᐇ㊶ࡢ Ꮫࡧࡢᶵ࡞ࡿᐇ⩦࠾࠸࡚ࠊಖ⫱ᣦᑟࢆ❧ࡸᗂඣ⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢᡭ❧࡚࡞ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽ ࢀࡿࠋᗂඣᩍ⫱࠾ࡅࡿᩍᮦ◊✲ಖ⫱ຊ㛵ࡍࡿㄽᩥࡣ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ୰࡛ࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᭷ຠᛶ ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㧗ᶫࠊ㱟ࠊࡣࠕᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࠾ࡅࡿ๓‽ഛࡢ⩦⇍ᗘᚋࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯ࠖ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࢆ⩦⇍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏛ⏕ࡣᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦య㦂ࡼࡾࠊಖ⫱⪅ࡢᣦᑟࡢពᅗࡸຓࡢ᪉ࡢᢕᥱࠊᏊ ࡶࡢㄆ㆑ࡸண ࠾࠸࡚ࡢ㐩ᡂᗘࡀ㧗࠸㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸰 ࡋࡋࠊ᭷ຠࡍࡿಖ⫱ᢏ⾡㛵ࡍࡿᩍ ᮦ◊✲㸦⣬Ⱚᒃࠊᡭ㐟ࡧࣆࣀ➼㸧ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡼࡿຠᯝࡣ᫂グࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊಖ⫱⪅ࡢᣦᑟࡢពᅗ ࡸຓࡢ᪉ࡢᢕᥱࠊᏊࡶࡢㄆ㆑ࡸண ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢෆᐜࡸ᪉ἲࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㏙ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ ࡞࠸ࠋ Ꮫ⏕ࡀᐇ⩦ᮇ㛫ࡢ୰࡛ࠊಖ⫱⪅ࡢᣦᑟពᅗࡸຓᢕᥱࠊᏊࡶ⌮ゎࡸண ࡢຠᯝࢆୖࡆࡿࡓࡵࡣࠊ ๓‽ഛࡀྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᐇ⩦ᚋࡢᗂ⛶ᅬࡽࡢホ౯ࡶᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ᭩ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋලయⓗ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᣦᑟࡀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿゝ࠺ࠊࠕᏊࡶࡢᐇែྜࢃࡏ࡚ᩍලࡢᩘࡸ✀㢮ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠖࠕど ぬᩍᮦࢆ࠺Ꮚࡶࡢ㞟୰ຊࡀቑࡍࠖ࡞࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࡣࠊಖ⫱ෆᐜࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ ࡾࠊᗂඣࡢពḧࡸၥ࠸࡞ࢆᘬࡁฟࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᩍᮦࢆ⇍▱ࡍࡿࡇࡣಖ⫱ࡢぢ᪉ࢆ⮬ぬࡋࡑࢀ
ࡼࡾᏊࡶࡢ⫱ࡕࢆಖ㞀ࡍࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡿࡇࡽࠊ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᪉ἲࢆヨࡳ᭷ຠᛶࡸㄢ㢟ࢆ᥈ࡾࡓ࠸⪃࠼ ࡓࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ᑐࡍࡿᐇែࢆ ㄪᰝࡋㄢ㢟ࢆ᥈ࡾࠊᐇ⩦‽ഛࡢẁ㝵࡛ࠊᑡࡋ࡛ࡶᗂ⛶ ᅬᩍ⫱せ㡿ࡀ♧ࡍಖ⫱ෆᐜཬࡧࡡࡽ࠸ᗂඣࡢጼࡀ⤖ ࡧࡘࡃᩍᮦ◊✲ࠊணࡉࢀࡿᗂඣࡢጼࡽලయⓗ࡞᪉ ἲࢆ⪃࠼ࡿᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᪉ἲࢆࠊ➹⪅ᢸᙜ⛉┠ࠕಖ⫱ෆ ᐜᣦᑟἲࠖ ᖺ⏕ᮇ ༢₇⩦ ࠾࠸࡚ࠊྠᮇ㛫 ࠶ࡿᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦ࡢᶵࢆά⏝ࡋᣦᑟィ⏬ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࣉࣟ ࢭࢫᩍᮦ◊✲ࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡇࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ ๓ᩍᮦ◊✲ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ࡇࡼࡾᏛ⏕ࡢᐇ⩦ᚋ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ẽᣢࡕࡢኚࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠸ࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᭷ຠᛶㄢ㢟ࢆ⪃࠼ࡓ࠸ࠋ 㸰ࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢᐇែㄢ㢟 㸦㸯㸧Ꮫ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢᐇែࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡘ࠸࡚ Ꮫ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ᑐࡍࡿᐇែㄢ㢟ࢆ᥈ࡿࡓࡵࠊ1 ┴ 6 ▷ᮇᏛᗂඣᩍ⫱⛉ ᖺ⏕ ே ᖺ ᭶ᩍᮦ◊✲㛵ࡍࡿᏛ⩦๓ࠊ ᖺ ᭶ᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦⤊ 㐌㛫ᚋࡢ ᅇࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࡘ࠸ ࡚グ㏙࡛ࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆ⾜࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ᑐࡍࡿព㆑ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ᭶ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺᅇ ே 㸦 㸣㸧 ᭶ ே㸦 㸣㸧 ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢศᯒ᪉ἲࡣࠊၥ࠸ᑐࡋ࡚࡛ࡁࡿ㝈ࡾ⡆₩グ㏙ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࠋグ㏙ᚋྛ⮬ࡶ࠺୍ᗘ ㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽ࠸ࠊ⮬ศࡢ᭱ࡶゝ࠸ࡓ࠸ࡇࢁୗ⥺ࢆᘬ࠸࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋᏛ⏕ࡢୗ⥺ࡢ㒊ศࢆ⾲᭩ࡁฟ ࡋඹ㏻ࡢ≀ࢆࡲࡵ࡚ഴྥࢆ᥈ࡗࡓࠋ ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ㸦$ Ꮫ⏕㸧 ၥ࠸㸸ྥୖࡸኚࡀࠕ࠶ࡗࡓࠖ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠕ࡞ࡗࡓࠖⅬࢆලయⓗᩍ࠼࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ ணࡉࢀࡿᗂඣࡢゝືࡀࡼࡾලయⓗ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡢ࡛⮬ಙࢆᣢࡗ࡚Ꮚࡶࡢ๓❧ࡘࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ ၥ࠸㸸ࡑࢀࡣ࠺ࡋ࡚ྥୖࡸኚ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࠊ࡞ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࢆᩍ࠼࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࡇࡶࡢጼࢆീࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᩍᮦ◊✲ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ๓࣑ࢫẼ࡙࠸ࡓࡾࠊゝⴥࡅࡸ ᑐᛂࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡽ 㸦㸰㸧Ꮫ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢᐇែㄢ㢟 㸯㸧ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡀࢃࡽ࡞࠸ Ꮫ⏕ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᪉ἲࢆ⪺ࡃࠊ53.0㸣ࡢᏛ⏕ࡀࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᪉ἲࡀࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ୍᪉ 41.0㸣ࡢᏛ⏕ ࡣࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᪉ἲࡘ࠸࡚ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡋࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࡘ࠸࡚ᅔࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸࠸࠺ᅇ⟅ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡀࢃࡽ࡞࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡢ᭱ࡶከ࠸⌮⏤ࡣࠊᏊࡶࡢࡇࡀࢃࡽ࡞࠸㸦 㸣㸧ࠊ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᪉ἲࡀࢃࡽ࡞࠸㸦 㸣㸧ࠊᏊࡶࡢᖺ㱋ྜ࠺ࡼ࠺⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸㸦㸣㸧ࠊ⪃࠼ࡽ ࢀ࡞࠸㸦㸣㸧ࠊ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᅗ 㸰㸧ᡭẁࡸᡂᯝ≀ࡋ࡚ࡢᩍᮦ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢᏛ⩦๓ࠊࠕᩍᮦ◊✲ࡣࠊࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࡍࠖ㉁ၥࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊసࡿ 0.0 20.0 40.0 ሶߤ߽ߩߎߣ߇ ࠊ߆ࠄߥ ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߩᣇᴺ ߇ࠊ߆ࠄߥ ᐕ㦂ߦวߞߚᣇ ᴺ߇ࠊ߆ࠄߥ ⠨߃ࠄࠇߥ ሶߤ߽߇ਥ⊛ ߦߥࠆᣇᴺ߇ࠊ ߆ࠄߥ ࠬࡓ࠭ߦ⢒ ࠍߔࠆᣇᴺ߇ࠊ ߆ࠄߥ ሶߤ߽ߦᵴേߐ ߖࠆᣇᴺ߇ࠊ߆ ࠄߥ ⢒ߩߨࠄ߇ ࠊ߆ࠄߥ ࿑ ࿑11 ᢎᢎ᧚᧚⎇⎇ⓥⓥ߇߇ࠊࠊ߆߆ࠄࠄߥߥℂℂ↱↱ 㧔 㧔㧑㧑㧕㧕
‛ࠍ㓸ߚࠅ⠨߃ࠆ㧔㧑㧕ޔ✵⠌ߒߚࠅࠆ㧔߿ߞߡߺࠆ㧕ߎߣ㧔㧑㧕ޔሶߤ߽ߦߢ߈ࠆ߆㔍 ߒߣߎࠈߪߤߎ߆ ⠨߃ࠆߎߣ㧔㧑㧕ޔࠬࡓ࠭ߦ⢒߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ⠨߃ࠆ㧔㧑㧕ߣߞ ߚ࿁╵߇ᄙ߆ߞߚޕ࿑ ߹ߚޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥ߇ࠊ߆ࠄߥቇ↢ߪޔࠍሶߤ߽ߦߐߖߚࠄߩ߆ᖱႎ߿ ⾗ᢱࠍ㓸ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄߢࠅޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߦߟߡ࿎ߞߡߥߣ࿁╵ߒߚቇ↢ߪޔᖱႎ߿⾗ᢱࠍ㓸 ߡ೨ߦ✵⠌ߔࠆߎߣߣ⠨߃ߡࠆޕ ᢎ᧚ߪᐜఽߩᵴേߘߩ߽ߩߢࠅޔᢎ᧚ߩ߆߆ࠊࠅߦࠃߞߡޟり⍮ޠࠍㅢߒߡ᭽ޘߦቇ߮₪ᓧߔ ࠆޕߒ߆ߒޔቇ↢ߩ⠨߃ࠆᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߪޔᜂᒰߔࠆᤨ㑆ߦࠄߖࠆޔ߿ࠄߖࠆ߽ߩ߿ߎߣ߇ᢎ᧚ߢࠆ ߣߞߚ⠨߃ߦ⚳ᆎߒߡߒ߹߁ޕߚߣ߃߫ޔᐜఽ߇ㆆ߮ࠍᆎࠆߣ߈ࠄ߆ߩേᯏߠߌ߇ࠆޕߘߩ ߚޔቇ↢ߪޔᐜఽߩᗵߦ⸷߃ࠆࠃ߁ߥᢎ᧚ࠍ↪ᗧߔࠆޕߒ߆ߒޔߊ߹ߢ߽ᐜఽߦ߿ࠄߖࠆߚ ߩೝỗ‛ߣߒߡ␜ߔߎߣ߇ᄙޕߘߩߚޔቇ↢ߪߘߩ ᢎ᧚ࠍᇦߣߒߚᐜఽߩߦ┙ߞߚㆆ߮ߩ㕙⊕ߐ߹ߢߪ ⠨߃ߥޕ߹ߚޔᐜఽߩㆆ߮ߪޔേᯏߠߌߛߌߢߪ⛮⛯ ߒߥޕᐜఽ߇ᄞਛߦߥࠆߚߦߪޔㆆ߮ߩਛߦࠄ߆ ߩ㆐ᕈᗵߩㅪ⛯߇ࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߣ⠨߃ࠆޕߒ߆ߒޔቇ ↢ߪޔേᯏߠߌࠍ⚳߃ࠆߣߘߩᓟߪޔᚑᨐ‛ߣߒߡᒻߦ ߐߖࠃ߁ߣޔ৻ᣇ⊛ߦᢎ߃ޔਈ߃ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆޕߎࠇࠄ ߩߎߣ߆ࠄޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߪޔߘߩᣣߘߩᤨ㑆ߦᐜఽߦߐߖ ࠆᚑᨐ‛ߢ⚳ࠊߞߡߒ߹߁ޕ⢒⹏ଔ߽ޔߢ߈ߚ߆ߢ ߈ߥ߆ߞߚ߆ޔᚻ߆ਅᚻ߆ޔߥߤߣߞߚⷰὐߦߣ ߤ߹ࠅޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥ߆ࠄㆆ߮ࠍዉ߈⢒ౝኈߦ␜ߔߨࠄ ߹ߢㅢߒߚ⢒ࠍ⚵ߺ┙ߡࠆߎߣߪߥ߆ߥ߆ߢ߈ߥޕ 㧟㧕ᣢᚑᢎ᧚ࠍಽᨆߔࠆ↢ᵴ⚻㛎߿⍮⼂ߩਇ⿷ ቇ↢ߩࠕࡦࠤ࠻ߩਛߦޔ⠨߃ࠄࠇߥ㧔ࠕࠗ࠺ࠕ߇ߥ㧕ߥߤߣ߁⠪߽ߚޕ߶ߣࠎߤߩቇ↢ ߪޔᢎ᧚ࠍㆬᛯߔࠆ㓙ߦߪޔᬺ㧔㖸ᭉޔ⟤ⴚޔ⢒╬ߩ⢒ᛛⴚߦ㑐ߔࠆ⑼⋡㧕߿ࠗࡦ࠲ࡀ࠶࠻ޔ ⢒㔀߆ࠄㆬ߱ߎߣ߇ᄙޕߎࠇࠄߩᢎ᧚߿ᣇᴺߪޔ᭽ޘߥᛛⴚ߿⚻㛎ߩࠆኾ㐷ኅ߇⠨߃ቢᚑߐ ࠇߚᢎ᧚ߢࠅޔߘߩᣇᴺ߿ᢎ߃ࠄࠇߚㅢࠅߦᐜఽߦ߿ࠄߖࠃ߁ߣߔࠆޕ߹ߚޔᐜఽߣߦᵴേߔࠆ 㓙ߦߪޔᢎ᧚ߘߩ߽ߩߩℂ⸃ߣᐜఽ߇ਥ⊛ߦᵴേߢ߈ ࠆࠃ߁ߥౕ߿‛ߦᎿᄦ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆޕߒ߆ߒޔቇ↢ߩ ᣣޘߩ↢ᵴߢߪޔᎿᄦ߿⠨߃ߡ‛ࠍᛒ߁ᯏળ߇ዋߥޕ ߘߩߚޔᎿᄦߩⷞὐ߿ᔕ↪ߩᣇᴺߥߤၮᧄ⊛⍮⼂߆ࠄ ᢎ߃ߥߌࠇ߫ޔߤߎ߆ࠄ⠨߃ߡߌ߫ࠃߩ߆ࠊ߆ࠄߥ ቇ↢߽ዋߥߊߥޕ 㧠㧕ᐜఽߣᢎ᧚ࠍߒᗵߒߡᵴേߔࠆㆆ߱ 㔍ߒߐ ቇ↢ߪޔታ⠌ߢᐜఽߣߦ↢ᵴߒᐜఽࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߎߣߩ ᄢಾߐࠍቇ߱ޕߒ߆ߒޔᰴ߆ࠄᰴߦേߊᄙߊߩሶߤ߽ߚ ߜߦኻߒࠍߒߚࠄߩ߆ࠊ߆ࠄߥޕߚ߹ߚ߹ㄭߠ ߡ߈ߚሶߤ߽ߦวࠊߖߡേߊ߆ޔᧂᾫߥᛛⴚߩߚߦޔ ᜰዉ⢒⠪ߩࠃ߁ߦ߆ߥὶࠅ߆ࠄޔࠍߒߡࠃߩ 0.0 20.0 40.0 ሶߤ߽ߩਥ ᕈޔ߿ࠆ᳇ࠍ ⢒ߡࠆߚ ሶߤ߽ߦᵴേ ߐߖࠆߚ ࠬࡓ࠭ߥ ⢒(࿎ࠄߥ ࠃ߁ߦߔࠆ㧕 ߩߚ ߨࠄะ߆ߞ ߚ⢒ࠍ⠨߃ ࠆߚ ߘߩઁ ࿑3 ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍߔࠆ⋡⊛㧔㧑㧕 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 ࠆ✵⠌ߔ ࠆ ሶߤ߽ߦߢ߈ ࠆ߆⠨߃ࠆ (㔍ߒߣߎ ࠈߥߤ⠨߃ࠆ ࠆ߽ߩࠍ㓸 ࠆ⠨߃ࠆ ሶߤ߽ߩਥ ᕈޔ߿ࠆ᳇ࠍ ߔᣇᴺࠍ⠨ ߃ࠆ ⢒ߩߨࠄ ะ߆ߞߚ⢒ ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ ࠬࡓ࠭ߥ ⢒(ᣇᴺ㧕࿎ ࠄߥᣇᴺࠍ ⠨߃ࠆ ࿑2 ቇ↢߇⠨߃ࠆᢎ᧚⎇ⓥ 㧔㧑㧕
ࢃࡽ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࢆぢ࡚ࡶࠊᏊࡶࡢయᛶࡸࡸࡿẼࢆ⫱࡚ࡿࡓࡵゝ࠸࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⮬ศࡢ⪃࠼ࡓάື ࡀࢫ࣒࣮ࢬ࠸ࡃࡼ࠺ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊᏊࡶ࠺ࡋࡓࡽ⮬ศࡢᥦ౪ࡍࡿಖ⫱ࢆࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡀ୰ᚰ ࡞ࡾࠊᏊࡶࡶάືࡍࡿ 㐟ࡪ ࠸࠺ᐇ㊶ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᅗ ௨ୖࡢࡇࡽࠊᏛ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡣࠊಖ⫱⪅ࡀᏊࡶࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵᮦᩱࡸᩍල࣭㐟ලࢆ‽ഛࡋࠊ 㛫ෆဨࡀ࡛ࡁࡿᡂᯝ≀⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋᗂඣᩍ⫱࠾࠸࡚ࡢᩍᮦࡣࠊάືࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ ࡽࠊᩍᮦࢆ◊✲ࡍࡿẁ㝵࡛ࠊᏊࡶࡢどⅬ❧ࡘࡇࡼࡾࠊᩍᮦࡑࡢࡶࡢࡢᢅ࠸᪉ࡸࡼࡾ㇏࡞ ࢃࡾ᪉ࡀぢ࠼࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢࡇࡀಖ⫱ෆᐜ᪉ἲࡢ⌮ゎ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊಖ⫱⤒㦂ࡢᑡ࡞࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡀࠊ๓ᗂඣࡢどⅬࡽᩍᮦࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡃࡇ ࡼࡾࠊಖ⫱୰ࡸಖ⫱ᚋࠊᏊࡶࡢෆ㠃࡛ఱࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢆࡳࡼ࠺ࡍࡿព㆑ࡢⱆࢆ⫱࡚ࡿࡣ ᭷ຠ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠊࡲࡓࠊಖ⫱ෆᐜࡸ᪉ἲࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᏊࡶᐤࡾῧࡗࡓෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࠸ ࠺ࡾ㏉ࡾࡢどⅬࡶᣢ࡚ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡿࠋ 㸱ࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢᐇ㊶ Ꮫ⏕ࡢᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢᐇែࡽࠊ⛉┠ࠕಖ⫱ෆᐜᣦᑟἲࠖࡢ㛤ㅮᮇᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦㸦 ᖺḟ㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿ ࡇࡽࠊಖ⫱ᣦᑟࢆ❧ࡍࡿ୰ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢᏛ⩦ࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࠊࡇࡢ⛉┠ࡢ┠ⓗࡢ⌮ゎࡶࡘ࡞ࡆ ࡓ࠸⪃࠼ࡓࠋ 㸦㸯㸧⛉┠ࠕಖ⫱ෆᐜᣦᑟἲࠖࡘ࠸࡚ 㸺ᤵᴗᙧែ㸼 ₇⩦ 㸺ᤵᴗࡢ┠ⓗ࣭┠ᶆ㸼 Ꮫ⩦ᡂᯝ㸸ಖ⫱ෆᐜ࣭᪉ἲࠊලయⓗຓࡢ᪉ἲࡢ⌮ゎࠋᐇ㊶ⓗ࣭ᛂ⏝ⓗά⏝ࡍࡿຊࡢ⋓ᚓࢆ┠ᣦ ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࠋලయⓗࡣࠊ㸯ࠊᗂඣᩍ⫱ࡢಖ⫱᪉ἲࡢᇶᮏⓗ⪃࠼᪉ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿ㸰ࠊ ࡢ⪃࠼ࢆࡩ ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊಖ⫱ࢆ⤌ࡳ❧࡚ࡿ ᣦᑟィ⏬ ࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸱ࠊᗂඣᩍ⫱ࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࢆከ᪉㠃ࡽ☜ㄆࡍࡿ ඹࠊࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸ಖ⫱ࡢෆᐜ᪉ἲࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ 㸺ᴫせ㸼 ಖ⫱ෆᐜ࠾ࡼࡧ᪉ἲࡢᇶᮏⓗ⪃࠼᪉ࢆᏛࡧࠊಖ⫱ࢆ⤌ࡳ❧࡚ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡿࡇࢆ┠ᶆࡍࡿࠋ ᤵᴗ๓༙ࡣࠊᐇ㝿ᣦᑟࢆ❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡁ࡞ࡀࡽࠊලయⓗ࡞ಖ⫱ෆᐜ᪉ἲࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡃࠋᚋ༙ࡣࠊ Ꮚࡶࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃయど㔝ࢆྥࡅಖ⫱ෆᐜᣦᑟἲࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡃࠋ 㸺ᤵᴗィ⏬㸼ͤᮏ◊✲ ࢥ࣐ศ 㸯ࠊᗂඣᩍ⫱ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ಖ⫱᪉ἲࡢᇶᮏ 㸰ࠊᣦᑟィ⏬ࡢព⩏ࠊ≉ᛶࠊᣦᑟィ⏬ࡢ᪉ἲ 㸱ࠊᣦᑟィ⏬❧ձሗࡽᗂඣࡢጼࢆㄞࡴ 㸲ࠊᣦᑟィ⏬❧ղᗂඣࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸ࠊࡡࡽ࠸㐟ࡧࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ 㸳ࠊᣦᑟィ⏬❧ճணࡉࢀࡿᗂඣࡢᛂࡑࡢᑐᛂࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ 㸴ࠊᶍᨃಖ⫱ ᗂඣࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸ಖ⫱ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ Ꮚࡶࡢഃಖ⫱⪅ࡢഃࡢయ㦂 㸵ࠊᣦᑟィ⏬❧մᗂඣࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸ᩍᮦࡢ᳨ウ 㸶ࠊࠕࡡࡽ࠸ࠖࠕホ౯ࠖࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ
ᤵᴗィ⏬ ࠊ ࡛ࡣࠊᗂඣᩍ⫱ࡢෆᐜࡸ᪉ἲࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࠊࠊࠊࠊࠊ ࡛ࡣಖ⫱ᩍᮦࡢ◊✲ࢆ ࠾ࡇ࡞࠸࡞ࡀࡽᤵᴗࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᤵᴗ㛫እࡶᕼᮃᏛ⏕ࡣ୍⥴ᩍᮦ◊✲ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ 㛫እᣦᑟ࡛ࡣ ࡢᏛ⏕ࡀཧຍࡋࡓࠋ 㸦㸰㸧ಖ⫱ᐇ㊶ຊࢆ⫱࡚ࡿᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ᪉ἲ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡀࢃࡽ࡞࠸⌮⏤Ꮚࡶࡢጼࡀࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡽࡀ୍␒࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇࡣࠊᐇ⩦୰ࡶ ྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡾࠊணࡉࢀࡿᗂඣࡢጼࡀ᭩ࡅ࡞࠸ࠋணࡉࢀࡿᗂඣࡢጼࡣࠊಖ⫱⪅ࡢⓎၥ➼ࠕ࠸࠸ ࠸࠺ࠖࠕࡸࡾࡓࡃ࡞࠸࠸࠺ࠖゝࡗࡓᛂࢆ᭩ࡃࡇ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊᗂඣᩍ⫱࠾࠸࡚ᩍᮦࡣᑠᏛ ᰯ௨ୖࡢᩍ⛉♧ࡉࢀࡿᩍᮦ␗࡞ࡾࠊᗂඣࡢⓎ㐩ࡸ⯆࣭㛵ᚰ↷ࡽࡋྜࢃࡏࡓ㐟ࡧ㸦άື㸧ࡽ ฟⓎࡋࠊఱࡢࡓࡵࡍࡿࡢ᫂ࡽࡋࠊࡑࡢࡡࡽ࠸ྥࡅࠊᗂඣࡢពḧࡸၥ࠸ࠊᕤኵࠊヨ⾜㘒ㄗ࡞ ⥲ྜⓗᘬࡁฟࡉ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㞴ࡋࡉࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᏛ⏕ࡣࡲࡎᏊࡶࢆᢕᥱࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ ࡽ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡿࡢࡣᙜ↛࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊᏛ⏕ࡣᏊࡶࡢఱࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡅࡤ࠸࠸ࡢࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ ࡽࠊḟࡢ㡰ᚑࡗ࡚ᩍᮦ◊✲ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ࡇࡋࡓࠋ 㸯㸧⌧ᅾࡢᏊࡶࡢጼࡽⓎ㐩ࡸ⯆࣭㛵ᚰࡢጼࢆᩚ⌮ࡍࡿ 㸰㸧⌧ᅾࡢᏊࡶࡢጼࡽࡡࡽ࠸㸦ఱ ࡢࡓࡵࡍࡿࡢ㸧ࢆᑟࡃ 㸱㸧ࡡࡽ࠸᭱ࡶࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸㐟ࡧ άື ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ 㸲㸧㐟ࡧ㸦άື㸧 ࡢ࣏ࣥࢺ㸦ఱࢆၥ࠸ࠊ⪃࠼ࡉࡏࠊయ㦂ࡉࡏࡿࡢ➼㸧ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿ 㸳㸧ලయⓗᩍᮦࡸᩍᮦࡢᥦ ♧᪉ἲࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ 㸯㸧⌧ᅾࡢᏊࡶࡢጼࡽⓎ㐩ࡸ⯆࣭㛵ᚰࢆᩚ⌮ࡍࡿ ⌧⫋ࡢಖ⫱⪅ࡢ༠ຊࢆᚓ࡚ࠊಖ⫱ࢆ➹⪅ࡀぢᏛࡋࠊᗂඣࡢ᪥ᖖࡢ㐟ࡧࡢጼࡸ▷ᮇⓗಖ⫱ィ⏬㸦㐌 ➼㸧࡞ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࡋ࡚ሗࢆ㞟ࡵࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢሗࢆᏛ⏕ࡀᐇ⩦࡛࠺ಖ⫱᪥ㄅ᭩ࡁᏛ⏕㓄 ᕸࡍࡿࠋಖ⫱᪥ㄅࢆ㓄ᕸࡋࡓ⌮⏤ࡣࠊᐇ⩦୰ࠊᏛ⏕ࡣಖ⫱᪥ㄅࢆ࠸࡞ࡀࡽᗂඣほᐹࢆࡋࠊࡑࡢሗ ࡽಖ⫱ィ⏬ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡇࡽࠊᏛ⏕ࡗ࡚⪃࠼ࡸࡍ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡓࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㹼 ேࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡞ࡾࠊ᪥ㄅࢆㄞࡳࠕሗ㞟ࡵࢩ࣮ࢺࠖ ➹⪅ࡀ㡯┠ࢆసᡂ ࡢ㡯┠ᚑࡗ࡚ࠊᗂ ඣ୍ேࡦࡾࡸࢡࣛࢫࡢሗࢆ᭩ࡁࡔࡋࡓࠋ 㸺ሗ㞟ࡵ㸼㸦㸸 ṓඣ ᭶㸧 ձ㐌➼ࡢࡡࡽ࠸ ᱵ㞵ࡢື᳜≀ぶࡋࡴ ⮬ศࡢ⪃࠼ࡓࡇࡸࡾࡓ࠸ࡇࢆఏ࠼࠶࠸࡞ࡀࡽ㐟ࡧࢆᴦࡋࡴ ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞⾲⌧㸦ไసάືࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸧ࢆᴦࡋࡴ ղ୍ᩧάືࡢᗂඣࡢᵝᏊ ヰࢆ⪺ࡁࠊ⪺࠸ࡓࡼ࠺ືࡅࡿࠋᛮࡗࡓࡇࢆཱྀࠎⓎゝࡍࡿ ճ⮬⏤㐟ࡧ㛫ࡢᗂඣࡢᵝᏊ ⡆༢࡞࣮ࣝࣝࡢࢤ࣮࣒ࢆᴦࡋࡴ㸦ࢧࢵ࣮࣭࢝ࢻࢵࢳ࣮࣎ࣝࠊࡓࡔࡋ࣮࣎ࣝࡢྲྀࡾྜ࠸࡞ࡀከ࠸㸧 ࡞ゎỴ᪉ἲࡣࢪࣕࣥࢣ࡛ࣥ࠶ࡾࠊヰࡋྜ࠺࠸࠺ࡇࢁࡣ⮳ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ մᗂඣࡢ⯆࣭㛵ᚰࡸே㛫㛵ಀࡢᵝᏊ ࢚࢝ࣝࡸࢲࣥࢦ࡞ᤕࡲ࠼ࡿ Ỉࡸᅵࢆࡗࡓ㐟ࡧయࢆᛮ࠸ࡗࡁࡾືࡋ࡚㐟ࡪ
ᅢ߈ߥ㆐ߥߤቯߒߡࠆޕ⊝ߢ߿ࠈ߁ߣ߁᳇߽ߜ߇ߢ߈ᆎߡࠆ߇ޔ߹ߛ߁߹ߊᗧᕁߩ⇹ ㅢ߇ขࠇߥᤨ߇ࠆ Ԝ↢ᵴ⠌ᘠឃᴭ㘩⌕ᦧ߃╬ ߶߷ቢᚑ㧔㘩ᤨ㑆㧝ᤨ㑆㧕ޔߒ߆ߒޔᚻᵞߥߤㆡᒰߦߥߞߡࠆ ԝߪߐߺ߿ߩࠅ╬ߩᢎౕ߿ౕߩ↪⁁ᴫ ߪߐߺޔߩࠅޔ࡛ࠢࡦޔࡠࡈࠔࡦ࠹ࡊߦߟߡߪᣣᏱ⊛ߦᚻߊ߃ࠆ ⛗ߩౕޔࠨࠗࡦࡍࡦߥߤࠈࠈߥᢎౕ߽ᚻߊ߃ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ߈ߚ Ԟㆇേ⢻ജߩ᭽ሶ ৻ੱ✽〡߮߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ߈ߚ ԟሶߤ߽ߩ⛗߿ຠߥߤߩ᭽ሶ ખ⦟ߒหᔒߦޔૃߚ⛗߇ᄙ ᚻߩᜰ߿⿷߇ߒߞ߆ࠅࠆ⛗ޕ߆ࠄߚ࿑ߥߤⓨ㑆⼂߇ࠆ Ԡᜂછߩᐜఽ߿ࠢࠬߦኻߔࠆߩᕁ ᐕ㐳ߦߥࠅޔߢ߽߿ࠅߚ᳇ᜬߜ߇㜞 ৻ੱ৻ੱߩᕁࠍᄢಾߦ⢒ߡߚ ԡᐜఽߩੱᖱႎ㓚ኂ╬ ߁߹ߊવࠊࠄߥߣᔶ㡆ߞߚࠅᚻ߇ߡߒ߹߁# ఽ Ԣߘߩઁ 㧞㧕ߩሶߤ߽ߩᆫ߆ࠄߨࠄࠍዉߊ Ԙ ߩሶߤ߽ߩᖱႎߣᐕ㑆⸘↹ޔ᩺ޔㅳ᩺ߣᾖࠄߒวࠊߖޔ⢒ߜߦᔅⷐߥ㗄ࠍ⠨߃ࠆޕ 㧦 ᱦఽ ٤㗔ၞޟஜᐽޠߩሶߤ߽ߩᆫߣᔅⷐߥ㗄㧔ᖱႎԙԜԞࠃࠅ㧕 ቯᗵ(ା㗬㑐ଥ)ࠍᄢಾߦߒޔᔃߒߡ⥄Ꮖ⊒ើߢ߈ࠆⅣႺࠍࠆ 㘩ߩᤨ㑆ߥߤ߽߁ዋߒ⍴ߊߔࠆ ၮᧄ⊛↢ᵴ⠌ᘠߩ⏕(ᚻᵞߥߤ)ࠍߔࠆ ᥍ࠇ㑆ߥߤᚭᄖߢࠍേ߆ߒߡㆆ߱ ٤㗔ၞޟੱ㑆㑐ଥޠߩሶߤ߽ߩᆫߣᔅⷐߥ㗄㧔ᖱႎԙԚԛԟࠃࠅ㧕 ᔃߢ߈ࠆ႐ᚲ߿ખ㑆߇ߢ߈ߡࠆߩߢߛߜ㑐ଥࠍᐢߍࠆ ઁ⠪ߦኻߒߡߩᕁߪࠆ߇߁߹ߊવ߃ࠆߥߤሶߤ߽㆐ߛߌߢߪ߹ߛ㔍ߒߩߢេഥߒߡߊ ٤㗔ၞޟⅣႺޠߩሶߤ߽ߩᆫߣᔅⷐߥ㗄㧔ᖱႎԘԛԝࠃࠅ㧕 േᬀ‛ߦ⥝ࠍᜬߞߡࠆ ߎߩቄ▵ߥࠄߢߪߩേᬀ‛ߦⷫߒ ٤㗔ၞޟ⸒⪲ޠߩሶߤ߽ߩᆫߣᔅⷐߥ㗄㧔ᖱႎԙԚࠃࠅ㧕 ࠍ⡞߈േߊߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧔ߐࠄߦ⡞ߊജࠍߟߌࠆ㧕 ᕁߞߚߎߣࠍ⸒⪲ߦߒߡવ߃߁ᭉߒߐ ٤㗔ၞޟޠߩሶߤ߽ߩᆫߣᔅⷐߥ㗄㧔ᖱႎԙԛԝԟࠃࠅ㧕 ‛߿⛗ࠍߡ߹ߨߡឬߊߎߣࠍᭉߒࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ߈ߡࠆ ࠈࠈߥౕࠍߔࠆ ᗵേߒߚߎߣ߿⚻㛎ߒߚߎߣ╬⛗ߦឬߊ
ԙ ᜰዉ᩺㧔ᧄᤨ㧕ߩߨࠄࠍ⠨߃ࠆ ᐜఽᢎ⢒ߦ߅ߌࠆ⢒ౝኈߪ㗔ၞߏߣߦߨࠄ߮ౝኈ߇␜ߐࠇߡࠆޕߒ߆ߒᐜఽᢎ⢒ߪޔᐜఽ ᦼߩሶߤ߽ߩ⊒㆐ߩ․ᓽ߆ࠄޔߘࠇࠄࠍ✚ว⊛ߦޔㆆ߮ࠍㅢߒߡⴕ߁߽ߩߢࠆޕࠃߞߡޔߎߩߨࠄ ߩ⸳ቯߪ㕖Ᏹߦቇ↢ߦߣߞߡ㔍ߒޕሶߤ߽৻ੱ߭ߣࠅߩᆫ߿ࠢࠬోߩ᭽ሶޔቄ▵߿ㆆ߮ߩ⁁ ᘒ߆ࠄࠍ㧔ߤࠎߥㆆ߮ࠍ㧕ߩߚߦߔࠆߩ߆ࠍ⠨߃ߡ߆ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥޕߒ߆ߒޔሶߤ߽ߩ ᆫࠍᦠ߈ߛߔߎߣߦࠃࠅޔߘࠇߙࠇߩᔅⷐߥ㗄߿ޔᵴേߩㆊ⒟ߢᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ㗄߇߃ߡߊࠆޕ ቇ↢ߪޔሶߤ߽ߩᆫ߆ࠄߨࠄࠍ⠨߃ߚޕ 㧨ߨࠄ߹ߢߩ⠨߃ᣇ 㧨㧪㧪 ߩᐜఽߩᆫߣ⢒ߩㅢߒ ᪢㔎ߥࠄߢߪߩㆆ߮ࠍߐߖߚ േᬀ‛ࠍណ㓸ޔ㘺⢒ߒߡࠆޕ߹ߚޔ⥝ࠍᜬߞߡⷰኤߒߚࠅޔ⹜ߒߡㆆࠎߢࠆߎߣ߆ࠄߐࠄߦ ⛮⛯⊒ዷߐߖߚ หߓ⋡⊛ߦะ߆ߥ߇ࠄߛߜߣᣇᴺߥߤ⠨߃ࠍવ߃߃ߚࠄߩߢߪߥ߆ ࠈࠈߥౕࠍߞߡߺߚࠄߤ߁ߛࠈ߁߆ ᵴേᓟߩ ߠߌߥߤߺࠎߥߢදജߐߖߚࠄߤ߁߆ 㧟㧕ߨࠄߦᦨ߽߰ߐࠊߒㆆ߮ᵴേ ࠍࠆ ⛮⛯ㆆ߮̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆̆ឭଏㆆ߮ ࠞࠛ࡞ߣࠅ ⨲⧎៰ߺ ࠞࠛ࡞ߩౕ㧔ࠆㆆ߱㧕ዊേ‛ߩ㘺⢒ ᳓ㆆ߮ ߒ⧎ߟߊࠅ ╬ޘ ߨࠄࠍ㆐ᚑߔࠆߚߦᦨ߽߰ߐࠊߒㆆ߮ࠍߚߊߐࠎߒߘߩਛ߆ࠄ৻ߟㆬ߱ޕ ㆆ߮ߩ㕙⊕ߐࠍᐜఽߩⷞὐߢ⠨߃ࠆ 㧠㧕ㆆ߮㧔ᵴേ㧕ߩࡐࠗࡦ࠻㧔ࠍޔ⠨߃ߐߖޔ㛎ߐߖࠆߩ߆㧕ࠍࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ ᐜఽߩⴕേ߿⍮ߩᆫࠍᗐߒߥ߇ࠄޔߪࠆޔേᬀ‛ߪታ㓙ߩ‛ߦ⸅ࠇⷰኤߔࠆޔ㧡ᗵࠍ ߞߡㆆ߱ޔࠥࡓߪ߅ߎߥ߁ޔ㖸ᭉߪᭉ⼆ࠍࠃᒢߊ߁ߥߤ߅ߎߥޔᢎ᧚㧔ㆆ߮㧕ߩ㕙⊕ߐ 㧔㝯ജ㧕ࠍᦠ߈ߛߔޕ ᬺߢߪޔ㧞ฬߩቇ↢ߩᮨᡆ⢒ࠍߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚޕઁቇ↢ߪޔ ࿁ߕߟሶߤ߽ߣߒߡ⢒ࠍฃߌࠆޔ ⢒⠪ߩ┙႐ߢᜰዉ᩺ࠍߥ߇ࠄⷰኤߔࠆߣ߅ߎߥߞߚޕሶߤ߽ߣߒߡෳടߒߚቇ↢ߪ⢒ࠍฃߌߚ ᓟߦޔዉ̆ዷ㐿̆߹ߣ̆ోࠍㅢߒߡߩᵹࠇߦᴪߞߡ⥄ಽ߇ᗵߓߚㆆ߮ߩ㕙⊕ߐ߿ᐜఽߩ᳇ᜬߜ ࠍ⠨ኤߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚޕ⢒⠪ߣߒߡⷰኤߒߚቇ↢ߪޔᜰዉ᩺ߦᓥߞߡ⢒ߩᛛⴚ߿ߒᣇߥߤߩ࠲ࠗ ࡒࡦࠣߦߟߡޟ⑳ߛߞߚࠄޠߤ߁ߔࠆ߆ࠍ⠨߃ߚޕ ٤ቇ↢⥄り߇ㆆ߮ߩᭉߒߐࠍ⍮ࠆ㧔⚛᧚⎇ⓥ㧕 㧦⦡᳓ㆆ߮ ⛗ౕߣ⨲⧎ߤߜࠄ߇㕙⊕߆ 㧙ࠈࠈߥ⦡߇ࠆߩߪ⛗ౕߛ߇ޔ⨲⧎ࠍ㓸ߚࠅޔ⧎ߩ⦡ߣ⦡᳓߇⇣ߥߞߚࠅߔࠆߎߣ߆ࠄᗧ ᄖᕈ߇ࠆޕ⛗ౕߩ႐วߦߪޔ⛗ߩౕߣ᳓ߩ㊂ߥߤߢㅘᗵߥߤ⇣ߥࠆᭉߒߐߪࠆ߇ޔ⨲⧎ߩ႐ ᧄᤨߩߨࠄ㧦ౕ߿ᣇᴺࠍᎿᄦߒߡ⦡᳓ࠍࠆ
วߦߪޔẩߒߚࠅߚߚߚࠅߔࠆ╬ޔ⦡ࠍߔᣇᴺࠍ ⠨߃ࠆߣ߁ᭉߒߐ߇ࠆޕ ⨲⧎߇ߚߊߐࠎࠆߣሜߒ߇ߤ߁ߒߚࠄ߆ 㧙ሶߤ߽ߣߣ߽ߦ⋡⊛ࠍᜬߞߡ៰ޕ⧎ደߩᑄ᫈ߩ⧎ ࠍ㓸ࠆߥߤߒߚࠄߤ߁߆ ✊㤀ߥ⧎ࠍ⏴ࠅẩߔߎߣߦߟߡޔሶߤ߽ߩ᳇ᜬߜߪ ߤ߁ߥߩߛࠈ߁߆ 㧙ታ㓙ߦ߿ߞߡߺࠆߣޔ⨲⧎ߩᓸᅱߥ⦡߿ᒻߦ⥝߿ ⊒߇ࠆޕ⟤ߒߣᗵߓࠆߎߣ߇⨲⧎ࠍᄢಾߦߔࠆ ߎߣߦߥߞߡߊߣᕁߞߚޕ⧎៰ߺߥߤᔅⷐએߦណ ࠄߥߎߣࠍવ߃ߚޕ ⏴ࠅẩߔౕ╬ߦߟߡ 㧙᭽ޘߥりㄭߦࠆ߽ߩࠍឭଏߔࠆ㧔ሶߤ߽ߦߚߊߐࠎߞߡ߽ࠄ߃ࠆ߆ࠄ㧕ߎߣ߽ᄢಾߛ߇ޔ߿ ࠅᣇ߽ሶߤ߽⥄ࠄ⊒ߒߡߊᭉߒߐ߇ࠆޕ᧪ߚ⦡᳓ߪㅘߩኈེߦࠇࠆߣ✊㤀ߥߩߢᗧ᰼ ߇ߐࠄߦḝߊޕߚߊߐࠎ߿ࠅߚޕ࿁߽߿ࠅߚޕ᭽ޘߥ⧎ߢ⹜ߒߚޕ᳓ࠍࠇࠆ࠲ࠗࡒࡦࠣ ߪߟ߇ᦨ߽⦟߆╬ޔㆆ߮ߩ㕙⊕ߐߩℂ⸃߇⤘ࠄࠎߛޕቇ↢ߦߣߞߡ⚛᧚⎇ⓥߪޔሶߤ߽ߦࠍ 㛎ߐߖߚࠄߩ߆ޔߤࠎߥߎߣࠍ⠨߃ߐߖߚߩ߆߇߃ߡߊࠆߣߡ߽ᗧ⟵ߥ߽ߩߢ ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ 㧡㧕ౕ⊛ᢎ᧚߿ᢎ᧚ߩឭ␜ᣇᴺࠍ⠨߃ࠆ ߨࠄߦะ߆ߞߡߊᐜఽߩᆫ㧔ోߣߩᆫ㧕ࠍᗐߒ⢒ߩᵹࠇࠍ⠨߃ࠆޕࠃࠅౕ⊛ߥⅣႺ ᭴ᚑ⊒ޔᢎ᧚ߩឭ␜ᣇᴺߥߤ⠨߃ᜰዉ᩺ࠍᚑߒߥ߇ࠄᢛℂߒߡߊޕ ᐜఽ߇⥝߿ᅢᄸᔃࠍᜬߟ߆ᐜఽ߇⹜ⴕ㍲⺋ࠍߔࠆ߆ᐜఽ߇Ꮏᄦࠍߔࠆ߆ޔ߹ߚᎿᄦ߇น⢻߆ ㆊߩ⚻㛎߿េഥ߇ࠇ߫ㆆ߮߇⛮⛯ߔࠆ߆ޔᢎౕ߿ౕࠍᛒ߁ജ㊂ߪߤߩ⒟ᐲ߆╬ߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ߹ߚޔ ᢎ᧚ߩᎿᄦߦࠃࠅᐜఽߩᗧ᰼╬߇ᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥࠆߎߣࠍᗐߒޔᄢ߈ߐޔᢙޔ⦡ޔᒻޔേ߈ߥߤ⹜ⴕ㍲ ⺋ߒᢎ᧚ࠍḰߔࠆޕ એޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥߞߚޕ߹ߚޔหᤨߦ ߦታᣉߐࠇࠆታ⠌ߣ߽ㅪ៤ࠍขࠅޔ೨ᛂߜว ࠊߖߢߪޔቇ↢߇ታ⠌ߢᜂᒰߔࠆ႐㕙ߩ⢒ᜰዉ᩺ࠍᜬߞߡⴕ߈ޔᜂᒰ⢒⠪ߩഥ⸒ࠍߚߛߚޔ ߹ߚޔߘࠇߦ߁ߢ߈ࠆ㒢ࠅߩᐜఽߩ⢒ߜߩᖱႎឭଏ߽߅㗿ߒߚޕ೨ᛂߜวࠊߖᓟߦߪޔቇ↢ߪ ߅ߦද⼏╬ߒߥ߇ࠄޔ⢒᩺ߩᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥߞߚޕᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߦߟߡቇ↢߆ࠄᢎຬߦ⋧⺣߇ ߞߚ႐วߦߪޔੱᜰዉ߽߅ߎߥߞߚޕ 㧠ޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥቇ⠌ߣ⢒ታ〣ߦߟߡ 㧔㧝㧕ᐜ⒩ᢎ⢒ታ⠌ᓟߩቇ↢ߩᢎ᧚ߦኻߔࠆᗧ⼂ߩᄌൻ ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥቇ⠌ࠍㅢߒߡታ⠌ߩḰࠍߒޔ ㅳ㑆ߩᐜ⒩ታ⠌⚳ੌᓟޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߦߟߡߩࠕࡦࠤ ࠻⺞ᩏࠍ߅ߎߥߞߚޕࠕࡦࠤ࠻ౝኈߪޔታ⠌ࠍᝄࠅࠅޔԘᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߦኻߔࠆᗧ⼂ߩᄌൻ ԙᢎ᧚ ⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥߞߚߎߣߦࠃࠆ⢒ߩᄌൻߣߘߩℂ↱ Ԛᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥߞߚߎߣߦࠃࠆሶߤ߽ߦኻ ߔࠆ᳇ᜬߜߩᄌൻߣߘߩℂ↱ࠍ⸥ㅀߒߡ߽ࠄߞߚޕ Ԙᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߦኻߔࠆᗧ⼂ߩᄌൻߦߟߡޔᄌൻ߇ߞߚߣᗵߓߚቇ↢ߪޔ ฬਛ ฬ࿁╵ޕᄌ 0.0 20.0 40.0 ሶߤ߽ߩⷞὐ ߆ࠄ⢒ࠍ⠨ ߃ࠆߎߣ ⢒ߩౕ⊛ ᣇᴺࠍ⠨߃ࠆ ߎߣ ⢒ߩߨࠄ ߿ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ࠍ ⠨߃ࠆߎߣ ⢒߇࿎ࠄߕ ߦߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ ߦߔࠆߎߣ ߽ߞߣ߿ߞߡ ߅ߌ߫ࠃ߆ߞ ߚ ⢒߇ᭉߒ ߣᗵߓࠆࠃ߁ ߦߔࠆߎߣ ⢒ߦലߥ ᢎ᧚ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ ߎߣ ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߦኻ ߔࠆᄌൻߪߥ ࿑4 ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥታ⠌ᓟߩᢎ᧚ ߦኻߔࠆᄌൻ㧔㧑㧕
ൻ߇ߞߚ ฬޔᄌൻ߇ߥ߆ߞߚߪ ฬޔή࿁╵߇ ฬߢߞߚޕ ታ⠌ᓟߩᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߩᄌൻߢߪޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍߔࠆㆊ⒟ߢᏱߦሶߤ߽ߩⷞὐ߆ࠄ⢒ࠍ⠨߃ࠆߎߣߢޔ ሶߤ߽ᆫࠍᗐߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚޕߎߩᗐߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅౕ⊛ߥ⢒ߩᣇᴺ߇ዉ߆ ࠇߚޕ߹ߚޔ೨ߦ੍ᗐߒߚߎߣߦࠃࠅޔታ〣ᓟߦ⢒ᡷༀߦߟߥ߇ߞߚߣ߁⸥ㅀ߽ߞߚޕ࿑ ߎࠇࠄߩߎߣ߆ࠄᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥ߁ߎߣߦࠃࠅޔᢎ᧚߇⢒ᵴേߩᇦ߆ࠄޔᐜఽߦߣߞߡ⛮⛯ ߔࠆㆆ߮ߣߥߞߚᤨޔߘߩᢎ᧚ߪᦨ߽ᐜఽߦㆡᒰߢࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆޕㆆ߮߇⛮⛯ߔࠆߣ߁ߎߣߪޔᐜ ఽߩౝ㕙ߪޔౝ⊒⊛േᯏߦࠃࠅޔࠆᗵߓࠆ᳇ߠߊ⹜ߔ⠨߃ࠆࠊ߆ࠆߣߞߚߎߣ߇ޔ⼾ ߆ߦ↢߈↢߈ߣᵴേߒߡࠆᤨߣ⠨߃ࠆޕߎߩㆡᒰߥᢎ᧚ࠍㆬᛯߔࠆߚߦޔԘቇ↢⥄り߇ᢎ᧚ࠍ ㆆ߱ ԙቇ↢ߦࠆᖱႎߣᾖࠄߒวࠊߖߥ߇ࠄޔㆆ߮ߩേᯏߠߌ߿ߤ߁ߒߚࠄㆆ߮߇⛮⛯ߔࠆ߆╬ ⠨߃ࠆ Ԛᢎ᧚ࠍޔߤ߁ߒߚࠄᐜఽߦߣߞߡ㕙⊕ㆆ߮ߣߥࠆ߆⠨߃ࠆ ԛᐜఽߩౝ㕙ࠍᗐߒޔ ౕ⊛ⅣႺ᭴ᚑ߿េഥߩᣇᴺࠍតࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߥᚻ┙ߡߣߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ 㧔㧞㧕ᢎ᧚ࠍౕൻߔࠆߎߣߩⅣႺ᭴ᚑߣេഥߩᄌൻ ԙᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥߞߚߎߣߦࠃࠆ⢒ߩᄌൻߣߘߩℂ↱ߢߪޔ ฬਛ ฬ࿁╵ޕᄌൻ߇ߞ ߚ ฬޔᄌൻ߇ߥ߆ߞߚߪ ฬߢߞߚޕ ሶߤ߽ߩᆫ߇ࠊ߆ࠄߥߊߡ߽ޔሶߤ߽ߩ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆᆫࠍ⢒ౝኈߣᾖࠄߒวࠊߖߥ߇ࠄᗐߒߡ ߊߎߣߦࠃࠅޔሶߤ߽ߩ᳇ᜬߜ߿ᆫ߇ᗵߓࠄࠇޔౕ⊛⢒ᣇᴺ߽ᶋ߆ࠎߢߊࠆߎߣࠍቇ↢ߪᗵߓߚ ࠃ߁ߢࠆޕ ሶߤ߽ߩᆫࠍ੍ᗐߔࠆߎߣ߇ⅣႺ᭴ᚑߣេഥߣߥࠆޕ⢒ߦ߅ߌࠆេഥߣߪޔ ޡ⢒េഥ⺰ޢߦ߅ߡߪޔޟޟេഥޠߣߪޔᐜఽߦኻߒޔߤ߁߆߆ࠊࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߥߩ߆ᭂߚ ߢޔሶߤ߽߇ᦸ߹ߒ⁁ᘒߦ㆐ߒߡ᰼ߒߣ߁ᄢੱߩ㗿ࠍ߽ߞߡሶߤ߽ߦ߆߆ࠊࠆߎߣߢࠆޠ 㧞㧕ߣㅀߴࠄࠇߡࠆޕቇ↢ߦ߅ߡߪޔᢎ᧚ߣሶߤ߽߇ߤ߁߆߆ࠊࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߥߩ߆ޔࠆߪ น⢻ߣߥࠆ߆ࠍᢎ᧚⎇ⓥ߆ࠄዉߊߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ 㧔㧟㧕ሶߤ߽ߩᗧ᰼ᔃᖱᘒᐲߩᆫߦኻߔࠆቇ↢ߩᗧ⼂ߩᄌൻ Ԛᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥߞߚߎߣߦࠃࠆሶߤ߽ߦኻߔࠆ᳇ᜬߜߩᄌൻߣߘߩℂ↱ߢߪޔ ฬਛ ฬ ࿁╵ޕᄌൻ߇ߞߚ ฬޔᄌൻ߇ߥ߆ߞߚߪ ฬߢߞߚޕ⸥ㅀౝኈࠍࠆߣޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍߔࠆߎ 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 ᵴേߩࠗࡔ ࠫ߇ḝߚ ⚛᧚ߩᣇ ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ ⥄ಽߦ߇ ↢߹ࠇߚ ሶߤ߽ߩ᳇ᜬ ߜ߇ࠊ߆ࠆࠃ ߁ߦߥߞߚ ߨࠄะ߆ߞ ߚ⢒ߩᣇᴺ ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ ሶߤ߽ߩਥ ᕈ߿ࠆ᳇ࠍ ߐߖࠆᣇᴺ̖ ࠬࡓ࠭ߥ ⢒ᣇᴺࠍ⠨߃ ࠄࠇߚ ሶߤ߽ߩᐕ㦂 ߦวߞߚᣇᴺ ࠍ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ ߘߩઁ 5-1 ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥቇ⠌ߦࠃࠆ ቇ↢ߩᄌൻ 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 ሶߤ߽ߩᆫ߇੍ ᗐߢ߈ߚ߆ࠄ ᵴേߩᭉߒߐ߇ ࠊ߆ߞߚ߆ࠄ ࠈࠈߥ੍ᗐ ߇ߢ߈ߚ߆ࠄ ⥄ಽߩ⢒ߦኻ ߔࠆᔕ߇㆑ߞ ߚ߆ࠄ ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍߒߡ ߅ߚߩߢ⢒ ᓟᡷༀὐ߇ࠊ ߆ߞߚ߆ࠄ ᵴേߩ⁓߿ࡐ ࠗࡦ࠻߇ࠊ߆ߞ ߚ߆ࠄ ౕ⊛ᣇᴺ߇ࠊ ߆ߞߚ߆ࠄ ታ㓙ߦ߿ߞߚ߆ ࠄ ߘߩઁ(ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥ ߇⿷ࠅߥ߆ߞ ߚ㧕 5-2 ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥቇ⠌ߦࠃࠆ ᄌൻߩℂ↱
ߣߢᵴേߩᭉߒߐ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߦࠃࠅሶߤ߽ߩ᳇ᜬߜ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚᗵߓࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ ޔ ߘߒߡࠃࠅ߽ޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥ߁ߎߣߢ੍ᗐߔࠆᐜఽߩᆫߣ⇣ߥߞߡ߽ቇ↢⥄りߦ߇ࠅޔ ᐜఽߦነࠅᷝߞߚኻᔕߦࠃࠅ⥄ಽߩ⢒ࠍฃߌࠇߡߊࠇߚߣᗵߓޔߐࠄߦቇ↢⥄り߇ᐜఽࠍฃߌ ࠇࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ⋧ਸ਼ലᨐ߇↢߹ࠇߚߩߢߪߥ߆ߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ 㙃ᚑᲑ㓏ߩቇ↢߇ታ⠌ߢ⽿છ ታ⠌ࠍ߅ߎߥ߁ߎߣߪޔሶߤ߽߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦᔕߔࠆ߆߇ࠊ߆ࠄߕᄢᄌਇߢࠆޕߘߩὑޔቇ↢ߪ ߢ߈ࠆ㒢ࠅሶߤ߽ߩౝ㕙ࠍᗐߒ⢒ࠍ߅ߎߥ߁߇ޔሶߤ߽ߩౝ㕙ߩᄌൻࠍታ⠌ᦼ㑆ߦ⏕ߔࠆߎߣ ߪήℂߢࠆޕߥߗߥࠄ߫ޔሶߤ߽ߩᗧ᰼ᔃᖱᘒᐲߪޔᜬ⛯⊛ߦⷰኤߒߥߌࠇ߫ℂ⸃ߢ߈ߥޕ ߘߩὑޔቇ↢ߪޔߢ߈ߚߢ߈ߥޕࠆߪሶߤ߽߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ߆ޔ߿ߞߡߊࠇߚ߆߇ਛᔃߣߥߞߡ ߒ߹߁ޕߒ߆ߒߊ߹ߢ੍߽ᗐߐࠇࠆᐜఽߩᆫߢߞߡ߽ޔ⢒ౝኈ㗔ၞߩౝኈࠍᚻដ߆ࠅߦ⠨߃ߡ ⢒ࠍ⠨߃ߡ߅ߊߎߣߦࠃࠅޔሶߤ߽ߦࠊ߆ࠆࠃ߁ߦવ߃ࠆౕ⊛ᣇᴺ߿ޔሶߤ߽ߣㆆ߮ߩ㕙⊕ߐࠍ ߔࠆߚߩᢎ᧚⎇ⓥ߇ߣߡ߽㊀ⷐߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ߹ߕޔሶߤ߽ߣߣ߽ߦㆆ߮ࠍᗵߒߚ༑߮߆ࠄޔᐜ ఽߦኻߒߡነࠅᷝℂ⸃ߒߚߣ߁ᘒᐲ߇ⷡ㉕ߒߡߊߩߢߪߥߛࠈ߁߆ޕ 㧡ޔ߹ߣߦ߆߃ߡ ࿁ߩࠕࡦࠤ࠻⺞ᩏߪޔቇ↢߇ᗵߓߚታ⠌ᓟߩ⢒߿ሶߤ߽ߦኻߔࠆ᳇ᜬߜߩᄌൻࠍ⸥ㅀߒߡ߽ ࠄޔߘߩਛߩࠠࡢ࠼߆ࠄಽ㘃ߒะࠍតߞߚޕቇ↢ߩᄌൻߪޔታ⠌ߢߩᜰዉ߿ሶߤ߽ߣߩ⚻ 㛎߇ᄙߊߥߞߚ╬ޔᴛጊߩⷐ࿃߇ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆޕߒ߆ߒޔታ⠌Ḱߦ߅ߡᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍߒߚߎߣߦࠃ ࠅޔሶߤ߽ߩ೨ߦ┙ߞߚᤨߦ⢒ߩㅢߒ߇ᜬߡޔᔃߦ߇↢߹ࠇޔሶߤ߽ߩ⸒േࠍฃߌࠇࠄࠇ ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚߣ߁ߎߣߪޔ㙃ᚑᦼߩቇ↢ߩ⢒ౝኈᜰዉᴺࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆᚻ┙ߡߣߒߡޔᢎ᧚⎇ⓥߪ ലߥᣇᴺߩ৻ߟߦߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ ᐜఽᢎ⢒ߩᣇᴺߪ߃ߥᢎ⢒ߣ⸒ࠊࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦޔሶߤ߽ߩౝ㕙ࠍℂ⸃ߒޔሶߤ߽߆ࠄᵴേࠍᒁ߈ ߒޔᗧߩࠆᵴേߦߥࠆࠃ߁ౕൻߔࠆᣇᴺࠍ⠨߃ࠆߎߣߢࠆ߇ޔ⢒⚻㛎߿⍮⼂߇ዋߥ㙃 ᚑᦼߩቇ↢ߦߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㔍ߒ⺖㗴ߢࠆޕߒ߆ߒߎߩὐߦ߅ߡ߽ޔ೨ߦሶߤ߽ߩౝ㕙ࠍᗐߒߥ ߇ࠄᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍ߅ߎߥ߁ߎߣߦࠃࠅޔㆆ߮ߩᭉߒߐޔ⹜ⴕ㍲⺋ߒߚߊߥࠆ᳇ᜬߜޔ‛ߩේℂේೣ ߥߤ⊒ߔࠆ⍍㑆╬ޔࠍቇ↢⥄ࠄ㛎߇ߢ߈ࠆޕߎߩ㛎߆ࠄሶߤ߽ߦߣߞߡ㝯ജ⊛ߥᵴേߣߥࠆ⚛ ᧚߿ᣇᴺߩឭଏ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆޕሶߤ߽ߦነࠅᷝߞߚ㝯ജ⊛ߥᵴേߪ↢߈↢߈ߣߒߚ⢒ߣߥࠆޕ ሶߤ߽߇↢߈↢߈ߣߒߡࠆᆫߪޔᵴേߩឭଏ⠪ߢࠆቇ↢⥄り߽ᐜఽߦฃߌࠇࠄࠇߡࠆ༑߮ߣ 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 ᐜఽߩᐕ㦂߿ ৻ੱ߭ߣࠅߦ ว߁ᣇᴺࠍ⠨ ߃ࠃ߁ߣᕁߞ ߚ ᐜఽߣߩᵴേ ߇ᭉߒߣᗵ ߓߚ ᐜఽߩᆫ߇ ߃ߡ߈ߚ ⢒ߩ㔍ߒ ߎߣ߿ᭉߒߐ ߥߤ߇ࠊ߆ߞ ߚ ᐜఽߦኻߔࠆ ᄌൻߪߥ 6-1 ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍߒߚߎߣߣᐜఽߦኻߔ ࠆ᳇ᜬߜߩᄌൻ 0.0 20.0 40.0 ᐜఽ᳇ᜬߜ߇ࠊ ߆ߞߚ߆ࠄ ⥄ಽ(⢒㧕ࠍฃ ߌࠇߡߊࠇߚ ߆ࠄ ⷰኤ߿㛎߆ࠄ ᵴേߩ㕙⊕ߐ߇ ࠊ߆ߞߚ߆ࠄ ⥄ಽߦ߇ ߞߚ߆ࠄ ⢒ᣇᴺߩ⥄ ⥄╵ࠍߒߚ߆ࠄ ⢒߇ᚑഞߒߚ ߆ࠄ ⢒ߩⷞὐ߿ࡐ ࠗࡦ࠻߇ࠊ߆ߞ ߚ߆ࠄ 6-2 ᢎ᧚⎇ⓥࠍߒߚߎߣߣ ᐜఽߦኻߔࠆ᳇ᜬߜߩᄌൻߩℂ↱
࡞ࡾࠊᗂඣࢆ⌮ゎࡋᏊࡶࡢ❧ሙ❧ࡗࡓࠊࡼࡾⰋ࠸ಖ⫱ෆᐜࢆල⌧ࡍࡿཎືຊ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊᐇ⩦ᅬࡢ㐃ᦠࡢ୍ࡘࡋ࡚ࠊሗ㞟ࠊᅬࡀồࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡡࡽ࠸ࡢᩚྜᛶࠊάືࡢ㨩ຊ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⪃ᐹ➼ࠊᩍᮦ◊✲ࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆᅇࡢࡼ࠺ᩥ❶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡼࡾࠊᐇ⩦ࡀࡼࡾᐇ㊶ⓗ࡞ ᩍ⫱ࡢሙࢁ࡞ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢥ࣮ࢹࢿ࣮ࢺࡀ㣴ᡂᰯồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ ᛮ࠺ࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ 㸯㸧᪥ᮏᩍᮦᏛࠕᩍᮦ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ⌮ㄽᐇ㊶ࠖ 3 㸰㸧ᑠᕝ༤ஂࠕಖ⫱ຓㄽࠖ⏕άࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣝ 㹮 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ 㧗ᶫ⿱Ꮚࠊ℧࣑ࢻࣜࠊᮧ⪽⨾ࠕᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࠾ࡅࡿ๓‽ഛࡢ⩦⇍ᗘᚋࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡘ࠸࡚̿ࠕᩍᮦ ◊✲ࠖࠕᏊࡶࡢẼᣢࡕࡢㄞࡳྲྀࡾࠖࠕ‶㊊ᗘࠖࡢほⅬࡽ̿ࠖᮾிᐙᨻᏛ◊✲⣖せ 㧗ᶫ⿱Ꮚࠕᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⏕ࡢᏛࡧ㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ㸫ᗂඣ⌮ゎ╔┠ࡋ࡚࣮ࠖ⸨ዪᏊᏛ⣖せ ᒣ⏣⚽Ụࠕᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ᐇ⩦࠾ࡅࡿಖ⫱ᐇ㊶ຊࡢᏛࡧ㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹ̿㈐௵ᐇ⩦ࡢᐇ㊶ሗ࿌ࡽ̿ࠖᅄ᮲␝Ꮫᅬ▷ ᮇᏛ⣖せ ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ࠕᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱せ㡿ゎㄝࠖࣇ࣮ࣞ࣋ࣝ㤋 ᪥ᮏᩍᮦᏛࠕᩍᮦ ᩍᮦ◊✲ࡢ⌮ㄽ◊✲ࠖ ᑠᕝ༤ஂⴭࠕ㐟ࡧಖ⫱ㄽࠖⴌᩥ᭩ᯘ ᒸ⏣ṇ❶࣭᳃ୖྐ㑻┘ಟࠕಖ⫱⏕ࡍᩍᮦ࣭㐟ලࠖ➨୍ἲつ Summary
In order to realize the content of early childhood education, research on teaching materials is important. I think that studies on teaching materials can enhance motivation to learn and improve problem solving skills for children's learning and safety of life. I think that it is suitable for understanding children's internal problems and problems that children need during the training period of students studying early childhood education. Based on the above, from the change of students before and after kindergarten education ձ Research on teaching materials to understand young children ղ Study the effectiveness and problems of teaching materials research to materialize the content of kindergarten education.
key word
Kindergarten teaching practical training, Teaching materials research, Infant Understanding, Child care content, Childcare practical skills
