PreliminaryreportonthetracefOssilThaIassm0jdesfromthe
MiddletoUpperJurassicKiritaniFormatio、(TetoriGroup)intheKiritaniarea,southernToyamaPrefecture
SatoshiHirasawa
DepartmentofGeologyandMineralogy,GraduateSchoolofScience,KyotoUnivel‑slty Kitashirakawa‑Oiwakecho,Kyoto606‑8502,Japan
富山県南部桐谷地域に分布する中一上部ジュラ系手取層群桐谷層より産出した
生痕化石タラシノイデスThaIass加極㎡esについて(予報)平 淫 聡
京都大学大学院理学研究科地質学鉱物学教室 606‑8502京都市左京区北白川追分町
本稿では富山県南部桐谷地域の手取層群桐谷層(中一上部ジュラ系九頭竜亜層群相当層)
から産出した生痕化石タラシノイデスT〃α/ass加0 について予察的に報告する。この生 痕化石は2008年10月、著者により本層中部をなす灰色細粒砂岩から採取された。標本はタ ラシノイデスT〃α/ass加Ojagsの3次元的な棲管構造の一部であり、層理面に平行するT字な いしY字状に分岐した棲管と、これにほぼ垂直なシャフトの基部からなる。表面には棲管 内彫刻の痕跡はなく、滑らかである。また棲管破断面に対称性の高い同心円状の裏打ち構 造が認められる。タラシノイデスT〃α/ s" 〃 は甲殻類の移動摂食痕であると解釈され ている。手取層群では甲殻類化石の産出は下部白亜系石徹白亜層群から数例知られるのみ で、その下位の九頭竜亜層群および相当層から報告されていない。したがって本標本は、
手取層群において甲殻類の存在を示唆する最も古い化石記録といえる。
キーワード:生痕化石,タラシノイデス,桐谷層,手取層群,ジュラ系
Keywords:tracefossil、T〃αIass伽() 、KiritaniFormation、TetoriGroup
JurassicIntroductio]fi descriptionofthetracefossilT〃α/
Thisl‑eportisbl‑iefdescriptionofthetracefossilT〃α/ s" 〃 isp.,whosetrace‑makerisconsideredtobと crustaceans,fromtheJurasslcmarineKiritaniFormatlonoftheTetoriGroupdistributedintheKiritaniarea southemToyamaPrefecture、Thespeclmen,TOYA‑Fo‑3029,whichisrepositedintheTovamaScienceMuseurn wascollectedbytheauthorinOctober2008
CrustaceanfossilrecordsareveryscarceinbothbodyandtracefossilsfromtheTetoriGroup,Thetracefoss笠 T"jass" 〃esisp,mentionedbelowisthefirstandoldestfossilintimatlngtheexlstenceofcrustaceansinthぞ
group,
TheauthorthankstoMs・KazumiZenitani,thelibral‑ianfortheDepartmentofGeologyandMineralogy,Kyoto University,forhelpingtocollectarticlesforthisresearch
〃1s〃敵〃0"αノα66泥zノノα〃o〃.TOYA,TovamaScienceMuseum:
SatoshiHirasawa
GeoIogicalSetting
TheUpperMesozoicTetoriGroupisdistributedinnorthemcentralJapan(Fig.1.A).TheTetoriGrouplg subdividedintotheMiddletoUpperJurassicKuzuryuSubgroup(mainlymarinebeds),upperJurasslctoLowe且 CretaceousltoshiroSubgroup
(brackishandterrestrialsediments mtel‑calatedwithmarineformationS琴 andLowerCretaceousAkaiwa Subgroup(terrestrialdeposits)in ascendingorder(Maeda,l96L Fujita,2003;Goto,2007).The marineKuzuryuSubgrouphasa widedistributionlnandaround theupperreachareaso貢 Kuzuryu‑gawaRiverlocatedat eastemFukuiPrefecture(Fig.1 A).
TheKiritaniFormationisfirstly reportedbylmamura(1933)asa
trigonia‑ammonoidfossilsbed Afterthat,Maeda(1958)and
Nozawaetal.(1981)geologically redescribedthatthisformationis UpperJurassicmarlnesediments colTelatedtotheupperpartofthe KuzuryuSubgroup、Thegeologicai ageoftheKiritaniFormatlonls thoughttobeMiddleOxfordian basedonammonoid(Satoand Westennann,1991),whereasradiolarian
assemblageindicatesCallovianto earlyTithonianinage(Kashiwagl andHirasawa,2010).TheKirita正 Formationisnarrowlyexposedin theKiritaniareaofsouthern ToyamaPrefecture(Figs,1A,B).
TheformationdisplaysanoveraⅢ fining‑upwardsuccesslon:thegravelly lowerpart,sandstone‑dominated middlepartandbioturbateddark shaleintheupperpart(Fig2).
Jurassicmarinebeds
Figllndexmapsshowingthetracefossillocality.A)Distribution oftheUpperMesozoicTetoriGroup,modifiedafterMaeda(1961)‐
B)TracefossillocalityintheKiritaniarea・Usingthel:25,000 scaletopographicmap Inotani ,publishedbyGeologicalSurvey ofJapan.
AbundanttracefossilssuchasP〃ycosゆ加邦,P/α"0/"es‑typehorizontalburrows,Sc〃α Cy/伽 γjc〃""sandS〃()腕加s‑type velticalburrowsareyieldedfromtheupperpart(Hirasawaetal,2010).
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彰Fig.2.ColumnarsectlonoftheMiddletoUpperJurassicKiritaniF()rmatlonandanoutcro蔭 photographofthetracefossilbearinghorizon、ColumnarsectionismodifiedafterHirasawaetal (2010).
Prelhninarydescriptiononthespecimen
;ainedfromDoorlvsorteddark‑頁ravsiltvfine‑頁rainedsandstoneofthe
Thetracefossilspeclmenwasobtainedfrompoorlysorted,dark‑graysiltyfine‑grainedsandstoneofthemiddle partoftheKiritaniFormation(Fig.2).Thetracefossilisafragmentofcylindricalburrowofathree‑dimensionai bl‑anchingsystem・Thespeclmenlsconsistedofahorizontalbun℃wwithaverticalshaftbaseanddamaged horizontalbranch、Thewholesizesare5、5cminlength,1to2.5cmlnwidth,3cminheightandabout2cm lnmaxlmumburrowdiameter(Figs、3.A,B).Thebranchconnectinghorizontalburrowwithaverticalshaftbase lsmostlylacked,onlypreserveditsjunctlonpartlntemalburrowsurroundedbysymmetricalconcentriclaminated liningisinthecenterofthehorizontalbranch(Fig.3A).Theinternalburrowandliningarelaterallyconnected withlateralsideofthehorizontalburrowathigh‑angle,sothatexhibitingT‑orY‑shapedbranchbifurcation(Fig 3.B).Thebasalpartoftheverticalshaftcontlnuouslybulgesupwardfromoneterminalofthehorizontai burrow・Diameterofthehorizontalburrowlsconstanttosomeextent,whiletheverticalshafttapermgtoapomt (Figs 3.A,B).Theintemalburrowlsnearlyovalincross‑sectlon,approxlmatelyO、5cmindiameter、The concentriclaminatedliningiscomposedoffivetosixlaminarwalls(Fi93.A).EachliningisO,1cmthick Theburrowsurfaceissmooth,notshowingbioglyphsandotherextemalwallsculptures(Fig3.B).Reddish‑brown lronoxide/hydroxidemmeralspartlycoverthefossilsurface.
SatoshiHirasawa
ThetracefossilisidentifiedasT〃α/ass加()j sisp.,judgingfromthefollowingfourcharacters:l)cylmdricai burrowsformingthree‑dimensionalbranchin9,2)T‐orY‑shapedhorizontalburrowbifurcatlon,3)smoothsurface and4)concentriclining(Fig3.C).Inthespeclmen,theintemalburrowisinthecenterofthehorizontalbranch andthesymmetricalconcentricliningconsistedofnearlyisothicklaminae(Fig.3.A).Thisisunlquecharacters becauseT〃αノass加0 escommonlyhas successivelaminaelargeratbottomandside,andthinnestorabsentat thetop (Chamberlain,1978;seeFig.3.C).Butitisdifficulttoidentifvthespeclmenattheichnospecieslevei duetoitsincompletepreservatlon,especiallylargelylackingthethree‑dimensionalbranchingsystem.
SigniHcanceofthetracefOssilhomtheKiritaniFormation
Tルα/αss伽0〃EshadnotbeendescribedfromtheTetoriGroup,sothisisthefirstspeclme、reported,Ichnogenus Thα/ass加0耐 Ehrenberg,1944isinterpretedasfeedinganddwellingbul‑rowsofcrustaceansbecausetheburrowg aresometlmesassociatedwiththeirbodyfossils(Hantzschel,1975).ThetracefossilisyieldedfromCambriant達 Holocenemage(Chamberlain,1978;Sprechmanneta1.,2004).
VeryfewfossilcrustaceanrecordsareknownformtheTetoriGroup・KatoandKarasawa(2006)described悪 carapacefossilofglypheoidlobsterfromtheLowestCretaceousmarinedeposits(BerriasianMitaraiFormation)oi theltoshiroSubgroupintheShokawaarea(Fig.1.A).Additionally,NomuraandShimizu(2008)reportedsomc scalpellomorphbarnaclesfromtheformatlon、However,crustaceanrecordsarenotknownfromtheMiddleto UpperJurassicKuzuryuSubgroupThus,T〃α/ s〃 sfromtheCalloviantolowerTithonianKiritani FormatlonistheoldestfossilevidencewhichintimatestheexlstenceofcrustaceansintheTetoriGroup.
ba
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fracturesurfaceofhorizontalbrancI弓:
bui‑row
basalpartof
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horizontalburrow
Izontalbranci‑:
| I
fracturesurfaceofhorizontalbranch
Fig.3.Tノiα〃ss"z sisp,TOYA−Fo−3029;MiddletoUpperJul・asslc ToyamaPrefecture,withschematicdrawmgs,ScalebarsindicatE surface)side.B)UppersideC)SchematicdrawmgsofT"/ s"
KiritaniFol‑matlon,Kiritani,
1cm.A)Lateral(outcrop modifiedafterWetzel(1987).
SatoshiHir●asawa
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Appendix
T h e D l a c e a n d f o r m a t l o n n a m e s u s e d i n t h i s r e p o r t a r e l i s t e d b e l o w w i t h c o r l ‑ e s p o n d e n t J a p a n e s e c h a r a c t e r s , l 張
alphabeticalorder