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(2) ࡾ᪉࡞ヲ⣽᫂グࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ ᖺࡽࡣࠊࢫࢱࣥࢹࣥࢢࢫࢱ࣮ࢺ ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊࠕࣆࢵࢳࠖࢆ㏿ࡃࠊࠕࢫࢺࣛࢻࠖࢆᗈࡃࡋ࡚㉮ࡿࡇ࡞ࡾࠊࡉࡽ ᖹᡂ ᖺࡣୖయࢆࣜࣛࢵࢡࢫࡉࡏ࡚ຊ࡛㉮ࡿࡇ࡞ࡾᏛ⩦ෆᐜࡀ⡆⣲ࡉ ࢀࡓࡇ࡞ࡾࠊᅄࡘ┠ࡣࠊ ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ㉮㊥㞳ࡣࠊP ࡛࠶ࡾ㸦 ᖺࡽ ᖺ㛫ࡣ P ࡽ P㸧ࠊᖹᡂඖᖺࡽ P ࡽ P ࡞ࡾࠊᖹᡂ ᖺࡽࡣ P ࡽ P ࡞ࡾḟ▷ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡇࠊࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ ୖグࡢኚ㑄ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊ◊✲ࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࢆࠕᑠᏛᰯ㧗Ꮫᖺඣ❺ࡢ▷㊥㞳㉮㛵ࡍ ࡿព㆑ᵓ㐀᭱㐺㉮⾜㊥㞳ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࡋࠊ◊✲ࢆ௨ୗࡢ୕ẁ㝵ศࡅ࡚⾜ࡗ ࡓࠋ ➨୍❶ࠕඣ❺ࡢ▷㊥㞳㉮⬟ຊࡢⓎ⫱Ⓨ㐩࡛ࠖࡣࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞▱ぢࡀᚓࡽࢀ ࡓࠋ P ㉮ࢱ࣒ࡣᑠᏛᰯ㸯ᖺ⏕ࡢ⏨Ꮚࡣᖹᆒ ⛊ࠊᑠᏛᰯ ᖺ⏕ዪᏊࡣ ᖹᆒ ⛊࡛࠶ࡾࠊẖᖺ᭷ព࡞▷⦰ࢆ♧ࡋࠊᑠᏛᰯ ᖺ⏕ࡣ⏨Ꮚࡣᖹᆒ ⛊࡛ᖹᆒ ⛊ࡢ▷⦰ࠊᑠᏛᰯ ᖺ⏕ዪᏊࡣᖹᆒ ⛊࡛ᖹᆒ ⛊ࡢ▷ ⦰ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ . ㉮୰ࡢ᭱㧗㏿ᗘฟ⌧༊㛫ࡣࠊ⏨Ꮚ࡛ࡣᑠᏛᰯ㸯ᖺ⏕ࡽᑠᏛᰯ㸱ᖺ⏕ࡀ. P ༊㛫࡛♧ࡋࠊᑠᏛᰯ㸲ᖺ⏕ࡽᑠᏛᰯ㸴ᖺ⏕࡛ࡣ P ༊㛫࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋዪᏊ࡛ ࡣᑠᏛᰯ㸰ᖺ⏕ࡢࡳࡀ P ༊㛫ࡽ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡣᑠᏛᰯ㸴ᖺ⏕ࡲ࡛ P ༊㛫 ࡛᭱㧗㏿ᗘࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ . ࣆࢵࢳࡣࠊᑠᏛᰯ㸯ᖺ⏕ࡽ୰Ꮫᰯ㸱ᖺ⏕ࡲ࡛⏨ዪࡶྠᵝ࡞ኚࢆ♧. ࡋࠊຍ㏿ᒁ㠃ࡢ P ༊㛫࡛᭱㧗್㸦⏨Ꮚ࡛ẖ⛊ ᅇࠊዪᏊࡣẖ⛊ ᅇ㸧ࢆ♧ࡋࠊࡑࢀ௨㝆ࡣῶࡋࠊ᭱ᚋࡢ P ௨㝆ࡣᛴῶࡋ⏨ዪࡶẖ⛊ ᅇ࡞ࡾࠊࡢῶᑡࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋඣ❺ࡢ㉮୰ࡢࣆࢵࢳࡣᡂே୪ࡳ㐩ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡇࡀุ᫂ࡋࠊࡇࡢࡇࡀඣ❺ࡢ▷㊥㞳㉮ࡢ≉ᚩࡋ࡚ᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ . ࢫࢺࣛࢻࡣࠊࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡽࢦ࣮ࣝࡲ࡛㌟㛗ࡢఙࡧ┦ࡲࡗ࡚⤒ᖺⓗᏛ. ᖺࡈ᭷ពᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᑠᏛ⏕⏨Ꮚࡢ㌟㛗ẚࡣࠊᑠᏛᰯ㸴ᖺ⏕ࡢ P ௨ 㝆ࢆ㝖࠸࡚Ꮫᖺࡶࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡽࢦ࣮ࣝࡲ࡛ ࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠸࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋ ࡋࠊዪᏊ࡛ࡣ P ௨㝆ࡣᏛᖺࡶ ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㌟㛗ẚࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ ࡽࠊዪᏊࡣ୰㛫㉮༊㛫௨㝆ࢆ㌟㛗௨ୖࡢࢫࢺࣛࢻ࡛㉮ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⏨Ꮚඣ❺ ࡼࡾࡣࡁ࡞ືࡁ࡛㉮ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓࠋ . ᑠᏛᰯ㸯ᖺ⏕ࡢ P ㉮ࢱ࣒ࢆᇶ‽ࡋ࡚୰Ꮫᰯ㸱ᖺ⏕ࡲ࡛ࡢ㸷ᖺ㛫ࡢ. ┦㛵ಀᩘࢆồࡵࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ⏨ᏊዪᏊࡶᑠᏛᰯ㸯ᖺ⏕ࡢ㊊ࡢ㏿ࡉࠊ㐜ࡉ࠸. .
(3) ࠺ᙳ㡪ࡣࠊᑠᏛᰯ㸰ᖺ⏕ࡽᑠᏛᰯ㸱ᖺ⏕ࡲ࡛⥆ࡃࡀࠊࡑࢀ௨㝆ࡣࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࡣ ぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ඣ❺ࡢ㉮ࡾ᪉ࡣࠊࢫࢱ࣮ࢺᚋຍ㏿ᒁ㠃࡛ࡣࣆࢵࢳࢆ㧗ࡵ࡚㉮ࡾฟࡋࠊ୰㛫 ㉮ᒁ㠃࡛ࡣࣆࢵࢳࢫࢺࣛࢻࡀ┦⿵ࡋྜ࠸ࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ P ࡽ P ༊ 㛫࡛᭱㧗㏿ᗘࡀฟ⌧ࡋࠊᚋ༙ࡢᣢஂᒁ㠃࡛ࡣࠊࣆࢵࢳࡀᛴ㏿ῶᑡࡍࡿࡀࠊࡑ ࢀࢆ⿵࠺ࡼ࠺ࢫࢺࣛࢻࢆᗈࡆ࡚㉮ࡾࡁࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓࠋ ➨❶ࠕ࣮࣭ࣜࣞ▷㊥㞳㉮Ꮫ⩦ࡀඣ❺ࡢ▷㊥㞳㉮⬟ຊᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪࡛ࠖࡣࠊ ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞▱ぢࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ . ࠕ࣮ࣜࣞࠖࡢᏛ⩦ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࠊྛࢳ࣮࣒ࡢ࣮ࣜࣞࢱ࣒ࡸࣂࢺࣥࣃࢫࢱ࣒. ࡢ▷⦰ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊඣ❺ࡢ㉮⬟ຊࡶ᭷ព࡞ྥୖࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ . ▷㊥㞳㉮ࡢ㉮ࡾ᪉ࡣࠊ᭱㧗㏿ᗘ࡛㉮ࡿ୰㛫㉮㊥㞳ࡀ㛗ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡢ୰㛫. ㉮ࡣࢫࢺࣛࢻࢆఙࡤࡍࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࣆࢵࢳࢆపୗࡉࡏ࡞࠸㉮ࡾ᪉ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ . Ꮫ⩦๓ࡣࠕ࣮ࣜࣞࠖᑐࡋ࡚ᢏ⬟ࡢୖ㐩ࠊ➇தࡢ㠃ⓑࡉ࡞ࡢᢏ⬟ᑐࡍ. ࡿᮇᚅឤࡸ➇தࡼࡿ㐩ᡂឤࡸ㐩୍⥴Ꮫࡧྜ࠼ࡿࡇࢆࠕᴦࡋࡉࠖࡋ ࡚ᮇᚅࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᏛ⩦ᚋ࡛ࡣࠊ㐩୍ᡤᠱ࣮ࣜࣞྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊ┦ᡭࢳ࣮ ࣒࡚ࡓ࡞ࡢ㐠ື㊊ឤࡸ┠ᶆ㐩ᡂឤࢆࠕᴦࡋࡉࠖࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼࡚࠸ࡓࡇ ࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓࠋ ➨୕❶ࠕ␗࡞ࡿ▷㊥㞳㉮㊥㞳ᑐࡍࡿᑠᏛᰯ㸳ᖺඣ❺ࡢព㆑ᵓ㐀࡛ࠖࡣࠊ ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞▱ぢࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ P ㉮ࠊP ㉮ࠊP ㉮ࡢࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡽࢦ࣮ࣝࡲ࡛ࡢᖹᆒ㏿ᗘࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠊ ⏨ዪࡶ P P P ࡢ㡰ᗎ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㉮୰ࡢ᭱㧗㏿ᗘࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ⏨ዪ ࡶ P. P P ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࠊྠࡌ▷㊥㞳㉮✀┠࡛ࡶࠊ. ඣ❺ࡣ㉮ࡿ㊥㞳ࡀ␗࡞ࡿᖹᆒ㏿ᗘࡸ᭱㧗㏿ᗘ࡞ࡀ␗࡞ࡿỈ‽࡛㉮ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ ࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ . ᭱㧗㏿ᗘࡘ࠸࡚ࠊP ㉮ࡢ㏿ᗘᑐࡍࡿ P ㉮ࠊP ㉮ࡢẚ⋡ࢆồࡵ࡚. ࡳࡿࠊ⏨Ꮚ࡛ࡣ ࠊ ࡛࠶ࡾࠊዪᏊ࡛ࡣ ࠊ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ . ୕✀㢮ࡢ㉮㊥㞳ᑐࡍࡿඣ❺ࡢព㆑ࡢᅉᏊศᯒࡽࠊ P ㉮ᑐࡋ࡚ࡢ. ព㆑㛵ࡍࡿᅉᏊࡣࠕ㐠ືࡢᴦࡋࡉࠖࠊ ࠕ㈇ᢸឤࠖࠊ ࠕ㉮ឤࠖࡀࠊP ㉮࡛ࡣࠊ ࠕព ḧዲឤᗘࠖࠊ ࠕ㐩ᡂឤࠖࠊ ࠕ㈇ᢸឤࠖࡀࠊP ㉮࡛ࡣࠊ ࠕ㊊ឤࠖࠊ ࠕ㈇ᢸឤࠖ ࠊ ࠕ➇த ឤࠖࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀ୕ࡘࡢᅉᏊࡀᢳฟࡉࢀࡓࠋ୕✀㢮ࡢ㊥㞳ࡣࠊ ࠕ㈇ᢸឤࠖᅉᏊࡀ ඹ㏻ᢳฟࡉࢀࡓࠋ . ୕✀㢮ࡢ㉮㊥㞳࠾ࡅࡿྛᅉᏊࡢୗᑻᗘᚓⅬࡢ⏨ዪู㉮ຊูࡢẚ㍑. .
(4) ࡽࠊP ㉮࡛ࡣ⏨ዪࡶ㉮ຊࡢୖ࣭୰⩌ࡀୗ⩌ࡼࡾࡶࠕᴦࡋ࠸ࠖࠊ ࠕ࠺ࢀ ࡋ࠸ࠖࠊ ࠕ㗦࠸ࠖព㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋP ㉮࡛ࡣࠊ⏨ዪࡶ㉮ຊࡢୖ࣭୰⩌ࡀୗ ⩌ࡼࡾࡶࠕ㉮ࡾࡓ࠸ࠖࠊࠕᴦࡋ࠸ࠖࠊࠕࡸࡗࡓࠖព㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋP ㉮࡛ࡣࠊ ⏨ዪู㉮ຊูࡢ㐪࠸ࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ . ୕✀㢮ࡢ㉮㊥㞳ᑐࡍࡿඣ❺ࡢព㆑ࡢᅉᏊศᯒ࡛ᵓ⠏ࡉࢀࡓከ㔜ᣦᶆࣔ. ࢹࣝࡢᅉᯝ㛵ಀࡽࠊP ㉮ᑐࡋ࡚ඣ❺ࡣࠊࠕ㐠ືࡢᴦࡋࡉࠖࠕ㉮ឤࠖ ࢆᙉࡃ⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚ព㆑ࡋࠊࠕ㈇ᢸឤࠖࡣ⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚ព㆑ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇࠊP ㉮ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ ࠕពḧዲឤᗘࠖࠕ㐩ᡂឤࠖࢆᙉࡃ⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚ព㆑ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ࠕ㈇ ᢸឤࠖࡢ⤖ࡧࡘࡁࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋP ㉮࡛ࡶࠊ ࠕ㊊ឤࠖࠕ➇தឤࠖࢆ ᙉࡃ⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚ព㆑ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ࠕ㈇ᢸឤࠖࡢ⤖ࡧࡘࡁࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ ⤖ᯝࠊ ࠕ㈇ᢸឤࠖࡘ࠸࡚ࠊඣ❺ࡣ୕✀㢮ࡢ㊥㞳ࡍ࡚࠾࠸࡚⊂⮬ព㆑ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿᅉᏊ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ᫂☜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢศᯒ⤖ᯝࢆࡩࡲ࠼ࠊᚑ᮶ࡢࠕࢫࢱࣥࢹࣥࢢࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡽ⣲᪩ࡃ㉮ ࡾጞࡵࠊୖయࢆࣜࣛࢵࢡࢫࡉࡏ࡚ຊ࡛㉮ࡿࠖ࠸࠺ᢏ⬟ㄢ㢟ࠊࡉࡽ᪂ࡋ ࡃඣ❺⮬ࡽࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࠗᴦࡋࡃࠊᴦࠊࡶࡗ㏿ࡃ㉮ࡿ࠘ࢆពㄢ㢟 ࡋ࡚㏣ຍࡋ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋලయⓗࡣࠊඣ❺ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀࠊ ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞㉮㊥㞳ࢆ㑅ᢥ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡇࠋලయⓗࡣࠊP ࡽ P ⛬ ᗘࡢ㊥㞳ࢆ㑅ᢥ⫥࠾࠸࡚➇㉮ࡸグ㘓ࢆᐇࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㊥㞳࡛ P ࡈ ࡢࣛࢵࣉࢱ࣒ࢆ. ᐃࡋࠊࡢ㊥㞳ࡢࠊࡢ༊㛫࡛᭱㧗㏿ᗘࡀฟ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ. ࢆ☜ࡵࡿࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࠋ᭱㧗㏿ᗘ࡛㉮ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ㊥㞳ࢆᇶࡋ࡚ᗘ㉮ࡿ࡛ࠊ ㏿ࡃ㉮ࢀࠊ㧗࠸᭱㧗㏿ᗘ࡛㉮ࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊ㏿ࡃ㉮ࢀࡿ⤒㦂 ࢆࡼࡾከࡃタࡅࠊ ࠕࡼࡾ㏿ࡃ㉮ࡾࡓ࠸ࠖᛮ࠺ඣ❺ࡢព㆑ࢆάࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᤵᴗࢆ ᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡇࡀ᭱ࡶᮃࡲࡋ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊᮏㄽᩥ㸦୍㒊ࢆྵࡴ㸧ࡀᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡓ࡞Ꮫ⾡ㄽᩥࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢ࠾ࡾ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋ >@ ఀ⸨ ᏹ࣭㔝୰ᇶஅ: ඣ❺࣭⏕ᚐࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ▷㊥㞳㉮ᣦᑟ࠾ࡅࡿ㐺ษ࡞ ㊥㞳ࡘ࠸࡚, ࢫࣉࣜࣥࢺ◊✲ࠊVol.10, pp.1-11 (2000) >@ ఀ⸨ ᏹ: ୰Ꮫ2ᖺ⏨ዪ⏕ᚐࡢ▷㊥㞳㉮㊥㞳ᑐࡍࡿព㆑ᵓ㐀ࡘ࠸࡚Ѹᅉ Ꮚࣔࢹࣝከ㔜ᣦᶆࣔࢹࣝࡼࡿᅉᯝ㛵ಀࡢศᯒѸ, ࢫࣉࣜࣥࢺ◊✲ࠊ Vol.13, pp.40-48 (2003) >@ ఀ⸨ ᏹ: ᑠᏛ㧗Ꮫᖺࡢᮃࡲࡋ࠸▷㊥㞳㉮㊥㞳ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ◊✲, ࢫࣉࣜࣥ. .
(5) ࢺ◊✲ࠊVol.17, pp.32-40 (2007) >@ ఀ⸨ ᏹ: 㝣ୖᩍᐊ㏻࠺ᑠᏛᰯ㸳ᖺ⏕ࡢ▷㊥㞳㉮ࡢᡂᯝࡘ࠸࡚, ࢫࣉࣜ ࣥࢺ◊✲ࠊVol. 22, pp.87-99 (2013) >@ ఀ⸨ ᏹ: ␗࡞ࡿ▷㊥㞳㉮㊥㞳ᑐࡍࡿᑠᏛᰯ㸳ᖺඣ❺ࡢព㆑ᵓ㐀, ᪥ᮏ ᩍ⛉ᩍ⫱ᏛࠊVol.35, No.4, pp.11-20 (2013) >@ ఀ⸨ ᏹ: య⫱ᤵᴗ࠾ࡅࡿ▷㊥㞳㉮ᣦᑟࡢ◊✲, 㝣ୖ➇ᢏ◊✲ࠊVol.94, No.3, pp.2-10 (2013) ᮏㄽᩥࡣࠊ㛗ᖺࢃࡓࡿᩍ⫱ᐇ㊶ࠊࡲࡓࡑࢀࢆ࣮࣋ࢫࡋࡓ㸷ᖺ㛫ࢃࡓࡿ ඣ❺ࡢ⦪᩿ⓗ◊✲ᇶ࡙ࡁࡘࡴࡂࡔࡋࡓඣ❺⏕ᚐࡢ▷㊥㞳㉮㛵ࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᣦ ᑟ⌮ᛕࢆᥦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࢀຍ࠼࡚㉮⾜ᢏ⬟ពⓗᢏ⬟ࡢ㛵㐃ࡢ ᵝែࢆࠊඹศᩓᵓ㐀ศᯒࢆࡣࡌࡵࡍࡿከኚ㔞ゎᯒᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ゎ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ Ⅼ࠾࠸࡚ඃࢀࡓㄽᩥ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ௨ୖᮏㄽᩥࡣࠊ༤ኈ㸦ே㛫⛉Ꮫ㸧ࡢᏛࢆᤵࡍࡿ༑ศ್ࡍࡿࡶࡢㄆࡵ ࡿࠋ ௨ୖ. .
(6)
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