環境経営力とエコ・イノベーション (研究領域 弾力的な経営組織関連とテクノロジーからの競争力創成領域) 利用統計を見る

環境経営力とエコ・イノベーション (研究領域 弾

力的な経営組織関連とテクノロジーからの競争力創

成領域)

著者

柿崎 洋一

雑誌名

経営力創成研究

号

5

ページ

5-15

発行年

2009-03

URL

http://id.nii.ac.jp/1060/00003324/

! 6!

۪ޏࠐאႁ͂΀΋ȆͼΦαȜΏοϋ!

A Managerial Approach to Eco-innovation

! ๫ᄽൌ޻फ۫ᆜೖ౗य़ࢅҮӦҲ̷! य़ࢅۀ! ޤ੟! ᄽڵ!

ါক!

! ࠅࢪ঳ᅵѤ̝फ੆ษџိ۾ѝࠅࢪѣރಸ҇൸Ҁࠬࣅѣफ۫ᅬ໫ќзҀ̞ࠅࢪ঳ᅵѤ̝ӆ ҫӀҬѣࡀݶѠழ฿҇зћҀшѝѠѽјћ̝ѽѿࠅࢪ౾ໟ҇ݑєюѝѝѷѠ̝ᅧ۾҇ްຝ юҀшѝ҇݉໸ѠюҀ̞ђҁѤ̝җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ̝ъѾѠ౗ේᆜѝࢢ೯ᆜ҇৹ѶҀшѝѠ џҀ̞! ! қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝ଃݶ಻ളѣݢ൏ќѷзҀ̞ђҁѤ̝ѽѿஜџйࠅࢪ࿠ݞќѽ ѿതфѣ݆ඐ҇ೖୟюҀшѝќзҀ̞ࠬࣅѤ̝൴ລќѤқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ҇঳ݑษ̝ ঳ᅵษѠࡎшюшѝсќтџй̞қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤॽအࠬࣅѣ຿࿫ߋຍ҇෗нћ̝ ᅧޕ࠙ओଅࠗѣࣘႺџᇍण҇ᅆࢀюҀ̞ђҁѤ̝ଃݶсॽအࠬࣅѝધ௙಻ളѠпйћඒࢄ ࠅࢪѝѣࢣౡ݂҇కѶҀ࠱ႏษџᇳ೏҇ೖഉь̝৔ඞюҀшѝ҇ྣᅆѝьћйҀ̞ࠅࢪफ ۫Ѥ̝шҁѾѣ௢ࢴ҇੣ѿୟюєѶѠ୔ᅆџᄃ߇҇൷јћйҀѣќзҀ̞! !

Ҡ̷Ӣ̷Ҽ)Key Words*;!ࠅࢪ঳ᅵͅeco-efficiency*-ࠅࢪ౾ໟͅenvironmental responsible̟͆ қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦͅeco-innovation̟͆फ۫ͅmanagement͆! !

Abstract

! Eco-efficiency is a management philosophy that encourages business to search for environmental improvements which yield parallel economic benefits. It focuses on business opportunities and allows companies to become more environmentally responsible and more profitable. It fosters innovation and therefore growth and competitiveness.

! Eco-innovation is also a goal for society at large. It is concerned with creating more value with less impact. Business cannot achieve eco-efficiency alone. Progress requires going beyond the internal actions of individual companies; it requires close cooperation among the stakeholders. It needs society to create an enabling framework which allows individual companies and whole markets to become more sustainable. Eco-management has an important role to play in creating these conditions.

!

͉̲͛ͅ!

!

ॶൊѣࠬࣅѠѝјћ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏Ѥђѣഝᅶ࠱཰҇ज౗юҀݢ൏ѝџјћйҀ̞ඒࢄ ࠅࢪѭѣ༖ᆅѤ̝ࠬࣅѣѴџѾяఘᆭ಻ളѣݢ൏ќзҀ̞ьрь̝ࠬࣅѤౡઍߋຍ̝ъѾ Ѡђѣॆݑѝьћѣ౦࿁ѣછᅀ̝༌࠿ѝйлڵᇍѣफ੆ߋຍѠѽјћඒࢄࠅࢪѠൌтџ࿠ ݞ҇рцћтє̞шѣڞႴќѷ̝ࠬࣅѣඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣଙѿ೏ѴѤ̝ђѣჵ൏ݷृѠൌ тџᄃ߇҇ݑєъџцҁѥџѾџй̞ຠѠ̝ࠬࣅѠവьћѤ̝җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ࡚ͅୠ޺ం͆

ѠѽҀჵ൏ݷृсൌйѠ࠽ഹъҁҀѝш҂ќзҀ̞шѣѽлџඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѣݷृ҇ჭફ ьєҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ҇шшќѤ̝қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦͅeco-innovation͆ѝॿѫшѝѠ юҀ̞! !

Σ! ΀΋ȆͼΦαȜΏοϋ͈ٽැ!

! қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝͑ౡઍ࿿2൴ڕ๵ѿѣ૜಺ૄॴ)қӀӞҡ̷ѹ๙ඒ҇ࠟѶє࿿ ษૄॴ*ѣછᅀ਼҇஛݂ь̝ђьћᄜޕ࿿૲ѣၑୟ਼҇஛݂юҀ಻ളѣ౦࿁ӜҗӈҨҗҢ ӞѠѽјћ̝ఘࠗѣྣᅆౖ҇Ⴑєь̝ފѣєѶѠѽѿᆖйౡߋ҇ด࢞юҀєѶѠಈलъҁ єం࠲џ̝ђьћࢢ೯ษџஓ࿁̝ӊӠҮҬ̝ҪҬҹӓ̝Ҩ̷ӆҬѝ౒๘҇ೖഉюҀшѝќ зҀ̞)Alasdair R./Michal M.,2008,p.K*͒ѝъҁћйҀ̞! ! қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ༖ᆅѝଃݶษ̡फ੆ษџ݆ඐѝѣᆋᅶ҇෪ࢀю Ҁѷѣќзѿ̝ҦҬһપ৤рѾ๩ૄપ৤ѭѣకืѝѷ৤нѾҁҀѣќзҀ̞ౡઍݦนѠழ ฿҇๵ћєඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣଙѿ೏ѴѤ̝ౡઍߋຍѭѣީଠࡋ౒ѭѣവܥѝйлા฿рѾ ืގъҁєс̝ຎ૑Ѡࠅࢪဲ಻ಈྐ๸ѣબୟ҇ཕлѷѣќ̝फ੆౗ݑ҇ॳஜъѐҀᅆہѝ ьћᅬݷъҁҀшѝсതрјє̞䎃 ! ђѣঞ̝ౡઍݦนѠпцҀඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣଙѿ೏Ѵс̝ౡઍݦนѣஷқӀӞҡ̷݂̝ ჆റѣ༎஋๸ѣ঳ݑрѾ̝ౡઍҦҬһѣคॳѝйл঳ݑѷ໢ૢъҁҀѽлѠџјћтє̞ ьрь̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѣఇਆъсഄюѝѝѷѠ̝ଃݶ̡फ੆ษџ࠙௿ѷ৹ѳѿ̝ѽѿ౺ࣈ ษџଙѿ೏Ѵѝ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ༖ᆅѝଃݶษ̡फ੆ษџ݆ඐѝѣᆋᅶсࢬфࢀѶѾҁҀѽ лѠџјћтєѣќзҀ)஛஫஼-3113-pp.273.275*̞шѣѽлџᅆ౪Ѡ౺ࣈษѠܥнҀവ ੫шђѤ̝й҄ѻҀқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦќзҀѝ৤нҀ̞! ! шѣѽлџқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѝౡઍߋຍ)फ੆౗ݑ*ѣһӟ̷Ҽ̡ ҝӈ)trade-off*࠙ओ҇ݷரюҀѝ࠽ഹъҁҀѷѣќзҀ̞шҁѳќѤ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣ ଙѿ೏Ѵсౡઍߋຍѣ৾ᅬ݂Ѡ৮फ़ь̝ౡઍҦҬһѣ੤ॳџўѣ঳ݑ҇ѷєѾюѝъҁћ йє̞ьрь̝шѣқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣଙѿ೏Ѵсంєџࢢ೯ᄔ ڕౖ҇ѷєѾюѷѣѝъҁћйҀ̞ђѣ༓ঞѠѤ̝ౡઍߋຍѣңӝ̷Ӧ݂ѕцќџф̝౦ ࿁̡Ҩ̷ӆҬધ௙̝ࣟᄪધ௙ѝйјєધ௙ѣңӝ̷Ӧ݂џўѣࠬࣅ҇ଙѿ߭фޓ࿫ࠅࢪѣ ࡽഓџңӝ̷Ӧ݂сзҀѝ৤нѾҁҀ̞!

! ъћ̝M.E.Ӑ̷Ҳ̷ѝ C.van der ӝӦҺͅPorter ,Michael E. & Linde ,Claas van der͆ Ѥ ̝ ࠅ ࢪ ܟ ಠ с फ ੆ ษ ᇝ ྊ ѣ ڵ ज ഻ ќ з ѿ ̝ ૄ ॴ ѣ ྌ ঳ ᅵ ќ з Ҁ ѝ ફ ล ю Ҁ )Porter ,Michael E. & Linde ,Claas van der ,1995,p.134*̞ђьћ̝ࠅࢪဲ಻ѣᅆ౪ͅࠅ ࢪࡋ౒͆ѠവܥьєҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ҇઩ষюҀࠬࣅѤ̝ૄॴѣౡઍౖ҇ষ௒ъѐ̝ࢢ೯ᆜ ҇৹ѶҀѝюҀ̞ъѾѠ̝шҁѳќѣඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ༖ᆅѤ̝ࠬࣅѠѝјћྊᅀᅆہќзј є̞ਘ໙ѣࠅࢪफ۫ѤީଠѣқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѠѽјћମ۾ᅆہ҇ज౗юҀા฿ѭѝ ڥ৫ьћйҀ̞шѣڞႴќ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪѣჵ൏Ѥࠬࣅѣମ۾҇ਭۍюҀಘᅹษџݢ൏ѭѝဦ ݂ьћйҀѣќзҀ̞! ! шшќѣ࠱ႏษџқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ҇ӊӠҮҬ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚ Ӧ)process innovation*ѝӊӠҳҢһ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ)product innovation*ѠࣥအюҀѝ йл৤нѠџѾјћ̝қҦ̡ӊӠҮҬ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ)eco-process innovation*ѝқҦ̡

! 8! ӊӠҳҢһ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ)eco-product innovation*рѾ౗Ҁѝ৤нћйҀ)Reid,A. /Miedzinski,M..,2008,p.4-5*̞! ! шѣқҦ̡ӊӠҮҬ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦќѤ̝ౡઍ೏௰ͅী௙͆຿࿫ѣ౦ഉݦนѠпцҀ ࠅࢪ༖ᆅѕцќџф̝ૄॴѣ੃ଙ̝࿫࿁ѣ౦ഉ̝ᅻ෭̝஛༟̝ъѾѠછᅀ̝༌࠿ѠйєҀ ౦࿁ѣӜҗӈҨҗҢӞ಻ളсവொѝџҀ̞шҁѤ̝ૄॴ୪ࠅचଃݶѣ৔ೢѣඩޮษџޘ໫ ќзҀ)ࠅࢪහ-3112*̞єѝнѥ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪѠᄔьйૄॴѣ཈।̝ގ཈сзѿ̝ߋຍѝଘ ളѠљйћѤ̝ࠅࢪࠊᅬҪҬҹӓ)environmental management systems*с࢒чѾҁҀ̞ ࠅࢪࠊᅬ̡ࠅࢪࠇਯ๸ѣҪҬҹӓѤ̝೏௰ളѣࠅࢪڞૢѣষ௒ѝѝѷѠ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭ ѣ೏௰ษџവܥ҇యకьєѝ৤нѾҁҀ)໙ႏࡋޭࢥݶ-3116*̞! ! ਼ࣞќѤ̝қҦ̡ӊӠҳҢһ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦсධჭъҁҀѽлѠџјћйҀ̞ѝѿ҄ ц̝қҦ̡ҺҩҗӦ)eco-design*Ѥ̝ࠅࢪѠ༖ᆅьє౦࿁ಈलѝьћᅬݷъҁћйҀ )Thierry,Kazazia,2003,pp.85-86*̞ъѾѠ̝шшќѤ̝౦࿁сด࢞юҀࡀ໸ђҁ૜ള̝౦ ࿁̡Ҩ̷ӆҬѣҪҬҹӓђҁ૜ളѣҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѠඨჭьћқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ҇৤ нћѴєй̞љѳѿ̝૜ຍଇѠѽҀڥຍѝђѣണѣڥຍଛඍ̝єѝнѥำຘ̝࿮ᆜಬ̝૜ ฽ଇџўѣҪҬҹӓ݂ѠѽҀڥຍюҀѝйлҨ̷ӆҬѣด࢞ќзҀ̞ӁӦҕҗӠӦѣӢҗ ҪӖҷࣲ̝ࡃѠѽҀଛ௬̝࿸૽ѣйѾџйૄᆎ༖࿒џўѣ౦࿁ѣࡀ໸ђҁ૜ളѣзѿၒ҇ ంєѠ৤нћඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ࿠ݞ҇คॳюҀѝѝѷѠ̝ంьйૉࣅࡀݶ҇ްຝюҀ̞қҦ̡ ҺҩҗӦ҇ࠟѵৄࡠѣқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦсѽѿᄜ঳џ৔ೢќзҀѝ৤нҀ̞! !

Τ! ΀΋ȆΟΎͼϋ̥ͣ΀΋ȆͼΦαȜΏοϋ͒!

! ౡઍ೏௰ളѤ̝ఘࠗౡߋѠྣᅆџ౦࿁ѹҨ̷ӆҬ҇ౡઍюҀ̞шѣౡઍߋຍѤ̝૜಺މ рѾ९੕ᆎ҇੃ଙь̝ђѣঞѣ݈ীীน҇फћ౦࿁сౡઍъҁҀ̞ђѣঞ̝ரྊଅс౦࿁ ҇છᅀь਼̝ହษѠѤ༌࠿ъҁҀшѝѠџҀ̞ඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ༖ᆅ҇೏Ѵ໛ҁєౡઍݦนѤ̝ шѣѽлџ༌࠿࿿сหಃѠӝҨҗҢӞъҁћ̝୷ခъҁҀшѝѠџҀ̞шѣౡઍݦนѠп цҀඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ࿠ݞ҇คॳюҀѣсඒࢄࠅࢪѠ༖ᆅьєౡઍݦนѝйлшѝѠџҀ̞! ! ౡઍݦนѠпцҀඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ༖ᆅѤ̝҄сਈќѤ̝ѳя̝ఁຍ̝ം̝݀ൌࡃܟಠ̝๙ ௚ܟಠ̝ర૲ܟಠ̝џўѣ঱ޕჵ൏сী௙ѣڕ඙юҀඒڱѠпйћ཈ౡь̝ђѣঞѠѤ༌ ࠿ъҁє౦࿁ѣ୷ခсщѴჵ൏џўѣଃݶჵ൏݂ь̝ӝҨҗҢӞݦน҇೏Ѵ໛ҁҀшѝѠ џјє̞! ! 3111໪Ѡ౒ซъҁє͑୪ࠅचଃݶज౗యక࠱ႏၔ͒ќѤ̝༌࠿࿿ѣ੤ॳ̝਻છᅀ̝਻ౡ ᅧᅀ̝໩ݸମ̝ห౞୷ခѝйјєڵᇍѣૄॴ୪ࠅݦนѠ࠱њфඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ༖ᆅ҇ბ૙ь̝ ୪ࠅचଃݶѣज౗҇৔ೢьє)ࠅࢪහ-3112*̞҄сਈѤ̝୪ࠅचଃݶ҇ჭફьћ̝౦ഉଅ ౾ໟѣޫൌ̝ީଠѣӝҨҗҢӞၔѣ౒ซџўѣ౒๘ษџവܥ҇ౙྐьћтє̞шѣѽлџ ঱ޕჵ൏рѾඒڱ̝ৄڱษџࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѝืގьћтєѣќзҀ̞! ! ࠬࣅѣඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏Ѥ̝ী௙ѝйл౦ഉॶ௙рѾ૒്Ѡ౦࿁༌࠿ѝйлӄҗӊ̡қӦҼ )End-of-pipe*ѣവܥѭѝకืюҀ̞ьрь̝ӄҗӊ̡қӦҼѣവܥќѤ̝ҦҬһсррҀ̞ љѳѿ̝౦ഉඍޏѣࠅࢪവܥྊᅀ̝౦࿁༌࠿ѣࠅࢪവܥྊᅀ҇੤ॳюҀєѶѠѤ̝ౡઍݦ นѣ੕ᆎ๩໛рѾ౦࿁ӝҨҗҢӞඍޏѠйєҀ಻ളݦน҇വொѝюҀଙѿ೏ѴсࢀѶѾ ҁєѣќзҀ̞ңӝ̷Ӧ෕൦̝ࠅࢪࠊᅬҪҬҹӓ)environmental management system*̝

ӝҨҗҢӞ̝ӜҗӈҨҗҢӞҕҮҬӔӦһ)life cycle assessment*џўсืގъҁҀшѝ ѠџҀ̞шѣѽлџౡઍݦนѠпцҀඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣ༖ᆅѤ̝ӜҗӈҨҗҢӞҕҮҬӔ Ӧһѹ୪ࠅचଃݶѣ৔ඞѠষцєީଠѣࡋ౒ౙྐџўѠѽјћకืь̝ңӝ̷Ӧౡઍѣє Ѷѣъѳыѳџ࡚ୠ޺ంсୟॶьћйҀ̞! ! ьрь̝ૄॴѣ੃ଙрѾૄॴѣӝҨҗҢӞ̝ห౞୷ခѠઽҀඒࢄࠅࢪѠ༖ᆅьєౡઍݦ นѣѽѿڵ೟ѣకืѣєѶѠѤ̝ౡઍ࿿ђҁ૜ളѠпцҀඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣ༖ᆅс࿋݉ྋ ѝџјє̞љѳѿ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏Ѡ༖ᆅьє౦࿁ಈल̝қҦ̡ҺҩҗӦѭѣ࠙௿с৹ѳј ћтєѣќзҀ̞ౡઍ࿿ѠпцҀࠅࢪ༖ᆅѤ̝࠼ഝѣ౦࿁ѣރᆖ̝ಈलဦ৐ѠѽҀവܥѣ ඍޏрѾ̝ంєџ౦࿁ޘ໫ѝࡀ໸ѣࡋซ̝ъѾѠంьй౦࿁ҪҬҹӓѣ৔ඞѝйлшҁѳ ќѠџйంьйඍޏѭѝకืьћйҀѣќзҀ̞! ! ౡઍ࿿ѣࠅࢪ༖ᆅѤ̝఩͘ϨѣѽлѠࠅࢪ༖ᆅಈलѝқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѠѽјћຠ ෈њцѾҁҀ̞шҁѾѣӟӌӞѤ̝ૐഘ݉໸џ཈ืѣࠅࢪ࿠ݞ҇คॳюҀєѶѠ̝ࠅࢪ༖ ᆅಈलѠྣᅆџқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣࠅࢪိ۾ѝน๘҇ഄൌъѐћྴъҁћйҀ̞! ଎.2!!΀΋ȆΟΎͼϋ͈5͈̾႒߿! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

ୟ୹̢!Bhamar, T., Evans,S. F. van der Zwan and Cook,M.,2001. Brezet,J,C.1998.

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! ѳя̝ӟӌӞ2ќѤ̝౦࿁ѣރᆖ)Product improvement*сଙѿ௒чѾҁҀ̞юќѠ̝ ધ௙Ѡด࢞ъҁћйҀ౦࿁ѣރᆖѠѽјћ̝ࠅࢪ࿠ݞѣคॳ҇ჭફюшѝѠџҀ̞љйќ ӟ ӌ Ӟ 3 Ѥ ̝ ౦ ࿁ ѣ ਻ ಈ ल џ й ь ࠅ ࢪ Ѡ ༖ ᆅ ь є ౦ ࿁ ಈ ल )Product redesign, or

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eco-redesign͆ќзҀ̞࠼ഝѣ౦࿁ѣ਻ಈलѳєѤంьфގ཈ъҁє౦࿁ѣࠅࢪ࿁૲਼҇ ห݂юҀшѝќзҀ̞ђьћ̝ӟӌӞ4Ѥ̝ࡀ໸җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦͅFunction innovation͆ ќзҀ̞ྌ࿿૲݂ъҁєҨ̷ӆҬ)ૐഘ݉໸џҨ̷ӆҬ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ*Ѡѽјћ̝౦࿁ ҇ൊഽюҀшѝჭફьћйҀ̞љѳѿ̝ంьй౦࿁ѣޘ໫̝ࡀ໸ѣซࡠќѷзҀ̞ӟӌӞ 5Ѥ̝ૐഘ݉໸џҪҬҹӓѣҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦͅSustainable systems innovation͆ќзҀ̞ ౦࿁ҪҬҹӓ಻ള҇ѽѿஜџйқӀӞҡ̷̝࿿ษૄॴѝҬӍ̷ҬେᄄษџҗӦӈӜҬһӜ ҢҴӖ̷Ѡ࠱њйћ̝ѽѿࠅࢪ঳ᅵѣᆖйҪҬҹӓѭဦнҀшѝќзҀ̞шҁѤ̝ంьй ౦࿁ҪҬҹӓ҇ซࡠюҀшѝќѷзҀͅBhamar,T., Evans, S. F. van der Zwan and Cook,M.,2001*̞! ! ౦࿁ѣރᆖѝ౦࿁ಈलѣဦ৐Ѥ̝࠼ഝѣ౦࿁Ѡ࠙҄Ҁѷѣќзѿࠅࢪ༖ᆅಈलѝᅬݷъ ҁҀ̞ьєсјћ̝қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝ంьй౦࿁ޘ໫ซࡠ̝ంьйౡઍҪҬҹӓ ซࡠѝйлшѝѠџҀ̞шшќѣంьй౦࿁ޘ໫ซࡠѤ̝౦࿁ѣࡀ໸ѝйл฿Ѡ࠙юҀѷ ѣќ̝ࡀ໸ђѣѷѣсჵ҄ҁћйҀѣќзҀ̞љйќ̝ంьйౡઍ࿿ҪҬҹӓซࡠѤ̝ࡀ ໸с൴ളѝьћѣ౦࿁ѠѽҀѣќѤџф̝ണѣࡀ໸ѝѣҪҬҹӓษџ࠙ओѠпйћ཈࠹ъ ҁҀшѝ҇ъьћйҀѝ৤нҀ̞єѝнѥ̝ర೎૜ຍଇ҇ގ཈ьћѷ̝ర೎҇࢞ࢊюҀࢊ ᄎ୹сџцҁѥࡀ໸ьџйѝйлшѝќзҀ̞ౡઍݦนѝౡઍ࿿ѣࠅࢪ༖ᆅѠࢣ෭юҀ৤ нၒѤ̝ӜҗӈҨҗҢӞѣ৤нၒќзҀ̞! ! ౡઍ࿿Ѥ̝҄ҁ҄ҁсౡߋѣєѶѠྣᅆѝюҀຌт҇юҀ̞шѣຌт҇ரྊଅѤ৯໛ю Ҁѣќзјћ̝ౡઍ࿿ѝйлӕӁ҇ྣᅆьћйҀ҄цќѤџй̞ьєсјћ̝ంьйࡀ໸ ҇ૐјєౡઍ࿿с๏௙юҁѥ̝࠼ഝѣౡઍ࿿Ѥࡀ໸ษџཿ޶Ѡѽјћ̝ѳѕછᅀќтҀѝ ьћѷ༞йߺнѾҁҀѣќзҀ̞шѣшѝѤ̝ъѾѠ୔ᅆџౡઍ࿿ѣຠ૲҇ბѾрѠюҀ̞ єѝнѥ̝૜ຍଇѤതфѣ࿫࿁рѾ৔౗ъҁћйҀ̞ьрь̝ҟҰӝӦсџцҁѥຍрџ й̞ьєсјћ̝૜ຍଇ҇ౡઍюҀѝѝѷѠ̝ҟҰӝӦѣڋซьє࢞ࢊс࿋݉ूѝџҀ̞ ъѾѠ̝ຘᇔѣౙྐѷྣᅆќзҀ̞шѣѽлѠ।Ҁѝ̝૜ຍଇѝйл౦࿁Ѥ̝ڥຍѝйл ࡀ໸҇ด࢞юҀౡઍ࿿ќзҀс̝ђҁѕцќѤࡀ໸҇ݑєюшѝсќтџйѣќзҀ̞ђ шѠѤ̝ҟҰӝӦҬҲӦҼ̝ຘᇔџўѣ࠱཰сౙјћйџцҁѥџѾџйѣќзҀ̞! ! ъѾѠ̝шѣѽлџంьй౦࿁ޘ໫̝ంьйౡઍҪҬҹӓсඒࢄࠅࢪѠѹъьй౦࿁ގ ཈ќѷ࿋݉ूќзҀ̞єѝнѥ̝қҲӁ̷Ӟଇсގ཈ъҁћѷ̝қҲӁ̷ӞсڋซษѠ࢞ ࢊъҁџцҁѥࡀ໸ьџйѣќзҀ̞шѣѽлѠౡઍ࿿ѣࡀ໸ѝйл฿рѾ।ҁѥ̝ౡઍ ࿿ђѣѷѣѝ࠱཰ѝ҇ҪҬҹӓѝьћᅬݷюҀшѝсྣᅆќзҀ̞қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ Ѥ̝ࠬࣅѣ຿࿫ษџ࠙ᇍѕцќџф̝౦࿁ѣ࠱཰Ѡѷ࠙҄Ҁѷѣќзѿ̝ࠬࣅѝૉࣅࠅࢪ̝ ണѣ೏௰ളѝѣ࠙ᇍсൌಃѝџҀ̞шҁѳќѣࢢ೯ᆜѤ୍̝ᅗѣ࠱཰ѹҗӦӈӜҬһӜҢ ҴӖ̷Ѡ࠱њфѷѣќзјєс̝ࠅࢪѠљйћѤޭအѣ༖ᆅ҇ྣᅆѝюҀѣќзҀ̞! ! ਘ໙̝ไࡃ)ไඖ*૜ຍଇѣຐ໛сᄬซъҁћйҀс̝ђшѠѤѳъѠࡀ໸ѝҪҬҹӓѝ ьћѣҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦс୔ᅆџᄃ߇҇ܐэћйҀѝᅬݷќтҀ̞ѝѿ҄ц̝ݍฎќୋไќ тҀшѝ̝CO2҇ෟಅ༎ୟьџйшѝ̝ਈ̝ඒၒ૜૔ളѣ္஄̡બ܎сзҀшѝџў̝౦ ࿁ђѣѷѣѣ޺ంౖѠॻซъҁяѠ̝ࡀ໸ѝҪҬҹӓѝьћѣҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦс࠽ഹъҁ ћйҀѣќзҀ̞ҪҬҹӓѝьћѣҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝౦࿁ѣ৔౗ѕцќџф̝җӦӈӜ ҬһӜҢҴӖ̷̝ъѾѠѤౡ഻पѝйјєৄڱษџ༖ᆅ҇юҀшѝќзҀ̞!

Υ! ΀΋ȆͼΦαȜΏοϋ͈τασ!

! ࠬࣅѣҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝шҁѳќ೏௰ѝьћѣࠬࣅѠழ฿҇๵ћҀшѝсതрјє̞ ьрь̝қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦќѤ̝౦࿁ѝйлѽѿѷђѣࡀ໸ѝҪҬҹӓѝйјєѽѿ ৄڱษџા฿с୔ાъҁҀ̞ђшќ̝қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѠ࠙ьћѤ̝ࠬࣅѝ౦࿁ҮҢ Ҳ̷̝ࠬࣅѝඒڱଃݶ̝ъѾѠࠬࣅѝਈݍџўѣৄڱษџ࠙ओсଙѿ௒чѾҁџцҁѥџ ѾџйшѝѠџҀ̞! ! ! шшќѤ̝ӒҢӠͅMicro̝͆ඩࠗ)Meso*ђьћӑҢӠ)Macro*ѝйл4љѣқҦ̡җӁ ӌ̷ҪӚӦѣӟӌӞ҇ଙѿ௒чћѴҀ)Alasdair R./Michal M.,2008,p.12*̞! ! ѳя̝ӒҢӠѣӟӌӞќѤ̝౦࿁̝Ҩ̷ӆҬђьћࠬࣅѠпцҀқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ сଙѿ௒чѾҁҀ̞ࠅࢪѠ༖ᆅьє౦࿁ѝҨ̷ӆҬѝѤ̝͑ᇝྊ̝ം݀ѝқҦ̡ҪҬҹӓ ѝ࠙ओсзҀჵ൏̝ຎᄼѠరࣲ̝ࡃѝ๙௚ѭѣࠅࢪྈޕ҇഑ซ̝ဲ಻̝౒ॻђьћ਼஛݂ юҀ̝зҀйѤଳ౞юҀ౦࿁ѝҨ̷ӆҬ҇ౡѴୟюߋຍрѾ౗ѿᅶјћйҀ͒ѝซࡠъҁ ћйҀ̞࣮ളษѠѤ̝ܟಠࠊᅬ̝Ңӝ̷Ӧџ࡚ୠѝ౦࿁̝ૄॴࠊᅬ̝ђьћࠅࢪษѠၱѳ ьй౦࿁ѝҨ̷ӆҬѝйлшѝѠџҀ̞౦࿁ѝҨ̷ӆҬѣў҈џඍޏͅᄸѿрщрѾွ௙ ѳќ͆ќѷકంџђьћ੒ᅶћރಸъҁєඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѣݷृ੫сࢀѶѾҁҀѣќзҀ̞ ౦࿁ѝҨ̷ӆҬѣࠗѣࣥအѤ̝ѱ҈ѹѿъѐѾҁєѽлѠџјћйҀ̞౦࿁ђҁ૜ఓѽѿ ѷѵь҂̝Ҩ̷ӆҬͅә̷ҹҖӝҹҖ̝݆ඐ͆҇ྣᅆѝᇫэҀѽлѠџјћтћйҀ̞! ! ђшќѤ̝౦࿁̝Ҩ̷ӆҬђьћࠬࣅрѾ౦࿁ѣ਼ହரྊଅѣ৫ຍ҇ࠟѵౡઍ݆ඐᇍ਴ ѣ಻ളзҀйѤౡઍҪҬҹӓѭѝҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ̡ӊӠҮҬခ౸ѣழ฿сဦ݂юҀшѝс ࢀѶѾҁћйҀѣќзҀ̞ӒҢӠќѤ̝ҕҙһӊҶһڵ൴ڕзєѿѣ९੕ᆎѝқӀӞҡ̷ ҇੤ॳь्̝৆ѝڋ಻҇ރಸь̝ࠅࢪ࿠ݞ҇คॳюҀࠬࣅѣҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣકంъ̝ђ ьћࠬࣅ຿ѣ޺ంษќລೖษџ๗ᆜсࢀѶѾҁҀѣќзҀ̞! ! ඩࠗѣӟӌӞќѤ̝౦࿁಻ളзҀйѤ߱ͅ಻џҨӊӜҗҴҚ̷Ӧѝ౦࿁ࡹѨҨ̷ӆҬѣ ӜҗӈҨҗҢӞ҇ڀјћйҀ͆Ҩ̷ӆҬҪҬҹӓ̝࡚ୠള౒̝ઍࣅ࿫ჸ̝ඒڱѝຎᄼѠ̝ җӦӈӜҬһӜҢҴӖ̷ѣခ౸ѝྵ݆Ѡழ฿сзћѾҁҀ̞шшќѤ̝қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚ ӦߋຍѠ಻ളѣӜҗӈҨҗҢӞѣय़ࢅсଙѿਕѳҁ̝౦࿁ҪҬҹӓрѾ࿫ჸ಻ള̝ඒڱѳ ќࡹѫခ౸сࢀѶѾҁҀ̞љѳѿ̝ъѳыѳџ౦࿁зҀйѤ࡚ୠҪҬҹӓѣຍษ࠙ओсඒ ڱѣӟӌӞќᅬݷъҁҀ̞ђшќѤ̝ъѳыѳџ࿫ჸѝඒڱѣᄜ঳ౖѝ೏௰݂сჭફъҁ ҀѣќзҀ̞ьєсјћ̝ࠅࢪ࿠ݞѣคॳѠ৮फ़юҀҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ̝ӊӠҮҬ̡җӁӌ̷ ҪӚӦ̝ӊӠҳҢһ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѝҗӦӈӜҬһӜҢҴӖ̷ѣဦ޺ѣೱঘ੣ᅀс୔ા ъҁҀ̞ઍࣅษџࢣഝͅIndustrial symbiosis͆ѣ݉໸ౖѭѣ්ಘсџъҁ̝ૄॴ҇ࢣᄜ ќтҀѽлѠқҦীࣅඇඒ̝ඒڱѝѣࢥຌ࠙ओѣ৔ඞ̞ඒڱѣӝҨҗҢӝӦңҗӦӈҜ Ӕ̷ҪӚӦҪҬҹӓͅRegional Recycling Information System͆џўѣ৔ඞсకѶѾҁҀ̞ қӀӞҡ̷࢞ࢊѠпйћѷ̝໩ѝไࡃѣࢣຎౡઍс೏௰݂ъҁ̝ઍࣅ༌࠿࿿с঳ᅵษџҪ Ҭҹӓќ໮ᆎѝьћછ҄ҁҀ̞! ! ӑҢӠӟӌӞќѤ̝қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦсਈݍษџҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣҪҬҹӓѠѽѿ ๼৾ъҁєᅆ೎ѝџјћйҀр҇य़ࢅюҀ̞ࠬࣅӟӌӞѣқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦߋຍѤ̝ ᅬೢษѠѤ̝फ੆཈ื̝ரྊଅ৫ຍђьћ૜಺ࠅࢪѣ෕ᇭѭѝຐфѮтќзҀ̞එษџқ Ҧ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣ౗ේ݉໸ౖсীࣅਈѝ్މඒڱѠഝ੔ьћйҀ̞қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚ

! 22! ӦѠ࠱њф౦࿁ѝҨ̷ӆҬѣၺڠѣѽѿৄй।ඒ҇ଙѿਕѵшѝсྣᅆќзҀѝѝѷѠ̝ ࡋ౒௒ѣਈݍѣᄃ߇҇ᅬݷюҀѽлѠ๗ѶҀшѝсࢀѶѾҁҀ̞ђѣєѶѠѤ̝ࠅࢪဲধ ѣຠ࢕ୟࠫ҇ѶхҀ౒๘̝঱ࢣѣރಸ࠱୯̝ਈݍѣқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѠᄃᅶљඑૢҺ̷ Ҳ̡ӌ̷Ҭѣჵ൏џўсౙྐъҁџцҁѥџѾџй̞! ! ଎.3!΀΋ȆͼΦαȜΏοϋͬ໦ଢ଼̳̹͈ͥ͛౶ে͂ΟȜΗΕȜΑ! ӟӌӞ! එૢҾ̷ҭ! Һ̷ҲҰ̷Ҭѝခ౸ᅀ࣮! ӒҢӠ! ݶଃѣӊӠӈҖ̷Ӟ! ࡮ ݶଃѣқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦߋຍ! ̸җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣҲҗӊͅ౦࿁̺ Ҩ̷ӆҬӊӠҮҬ̝೏௰̝ӑ̷Ҥ ҹҖӦң͆! ̸ం࠲ౖѣӟӌӞ! ̸ݶଃѣࡋრ! ̸ҮҢҲ̷! ̸ඒᅬษџᅶඒ! ̸ђѣണ! ࡮ қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣࢥ෕! ࡮ қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦߋຍѠ࠙юҀ ௝ ၈ ૄ ॴ җ Ӂ ӌ ̷ Ҫ Ӛ Ӧ ѣ ӊ Ӡ ӈҖ̷Ӟͅ౦࿁ѝӊӠҮҬѣ! ӟӌӞ͆! ࡮ қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣိ۾! ̸қӀӞҡ̷঳ᅵѣްຝ! ̸ૄॴ঳ᅵѣްຝ! ̸༌࠿࿿ѣ੤ॳ! ࡮ ͅa͆ધ௙Ѡຐ໛ъҁҀಷ̝ͅb͆঱ି ѣબૐ҇ຝєқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ ѣࠅࢪ঳ᅵ! ࡮ ރಸъҁєҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ෕ਯ! ࡮ ࠅࢪӑӀҫӔӦһҪҬҹӓѝђѣണ ѣ ࠅ ࢪ ࠊ ᅬ ྯ ୯ ͅ LCA ̝ ISO ͅ International Organization for Standardization) MIPSͅ Material Input per Service Units̝͆ౡ഻ษഒ ಀџў͆! ࡮ Ҥ̷Ҭय़ࢅѝຠซ݂ъҁєय़ࢅ! ! ! ! ! ࡮ ༌࠿࿿̝ᄜޕџ࿿૲ࡹѨ༎ࡃҟҬѠ ࠙юҀ঱ษ๼लͅPACE џў͆! ࡮ ౡઍߋຍѠॆѨљйєқӀӞҡ̷ࡹ Ѩ࿿૲ѣᅻҁѠ࠙юҀҺ̷Ҳӌ̷Ҭ ͅࡋ౒ѣᇳ೏Ѵѝྯ୯Ѡѽјћ̝џ йь૜཈ษџҬҠ̷ӓѣᇳ೏Ѵќ૳ યъҁєମେ͆! ࡮ қҦ̡ӜӌӞ૳યѣݦนќମେъҁ єҺ̷Ҳ! ࡮ ౦࿁ѝҨ̷ӆҬѣࠅࢪ࿠ݞҕҮҬӔ Ӧһ! ͅMIPS̝LCA̸ӜҗӈҨҗҢӞҕҮ ҬӔӦһ̝қҦӠҫҞӞ̡ӝӘҶҢ ҨҶҢ̝ౡ഻पѣഒಀѝйјє࠼ഝ ѣଛඍ̡ᅀ࣮ѣછᅀ݉໸ౖ͆! ࡮ ૉᆰय़ࢅѝҹ̷ӑအय़ࢅӊӠҫҚҢһ!

ඩࠗ! ࡮ ڤџҀઍࣅҮҢҲ̷ѠпцҀࠬࣅѣ қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦߋຍ! ࡮ ඩࠗӟӌӞѠпйћࠅࢪ঳ᅵౖ҇ް ຝюҀҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ! ! ࡮ ӒҢӠફྯͅൊᅀ݉໸ౖ҇৤ᆅь̝ ۭࢾ҇མۮьєѷѣ͆ѝၺڠѣҺ̷ Ҳѣମେ! ࡮ ҮҢҲ̷ѝߋຍѣђѣണѣᆛڱѠ࠙ ᇍьє࿿ษӈӠ̷ѠљйћѣҺ̷Ҳ! ࡮ қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣҪҬҹӓษ җӦӄҢһѠљйћѣҪҬҹӓҳҗ ҽӒҶҢҬ̡ӕҺӞѣ৔ඞ! ࡮ ຠ࢕ခ౸! ࡮ қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦษџ౦࿁̝џ йьҪҬҹӓҕӊӠ̷Ҵ҇ᅀйєқ Ҧ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣᆭचѠљйћ ѣҹ̷ӑခ౸ѝૉᆰय़ࢅ! ӑҢӠ! ࡮ қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѝਈݍษҗӁ ӌ̷ҪӚӦҪҬҹӓ! ࡮ қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѝफ੆)GDP ѣ౗ේ̝ঔᅀ̝ଙۃ*̝ரྊଅ৫ຍѝ ૜಺ࠅࢪ)қӀӞҡ̷ѝ࿿ษџரྊ ѣॻމ̝༌࠿࿿ѣ཈ౡ̝ర̝๙௚ѝ ࣲࡃџўѣ࿁૲*! ࡮ ࠬࣅѠпцҀқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ ߋຍѠ࠙юҀӒҢӠஃફྯѝࠅࢪ༖ ᆅ ౡ ઍ ࿿ Ү Ң Ҳ ̷ )environmental goods sector*ѠпцҀଙۃѠ࠙юҀ Һ̷Ҳѣମେ! ࡮ ѝфѠ̝ૄॴౡઍౖ)GDP*വюҀҗ Ӂӌ̷ҪӚӦߋຍѝқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ ҪӚӦѣ৮फ़)๼݆৾ඐ*! ࡮ ຠ࢕ခ౸! ୟ୹;!Reid ,A., Reid M.,2008,p.12!

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Φ! ۪ޏࠐאႁ̱͈͂̀΀΋ȆͼΦαȜΏοϋ!

! ୍ᅗѣࠅࢪफ۫Ѥ̝ࠬࣅѣౡઍӊӠҮҬѠழ฿҇зћћ̝೏௰຿ѣࠅࢪ࿠ݞѣคॳѠ๗ Ѷћтє̞ђшќѤ̝ী௙຿ќ༄ౡюҀඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ࿠ݞ҇ࣈᆜคॳюҀєѶѣ๗ᆜѹྊ ᅀсݢ൏ѝъҁ̝फ੆౗ݑѝѣһӟ̷Ҽ̡ҝӈ࠙ओѣݷृсࡽჄќзјє̞ьрь̝ђѣ ঞ̝ࠅࢪफ۫ѣݢ൏с̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѣޫൌ̝തᄼ݂Ѡཕјћ̝ౡઍ࿿ѣછᅀঞѣห౞џ ୷ခѭѝޫൌь̝ъѾѠ̝ърѣѱјћ९੕ᆎ๸ѣ੃ଙ̝ގ཈ѠпцҀඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣ༖ᆅ ѭѝక҈ќтє̞ђшќѤ̝౦࿁ѣӜҗӈҨҗҢӞѝйлપ৤с࠱཰ѝџѿ̝಻ݦนѠп цҀࠅࢪ঳ᅵౖс෪ࢀъҁє̞! ! ьрь̝ຎ૑ѠшҁѾѣӊӠҮҬѠඨჭьєࠅࢪफ۫Ѥ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪѠѝјћѤ࿠ݞѣค ॳќзҀс̝फ੆౗ݑѠ࿠ѣ੣ᅀ҇ࡹѱюѷѣѝьћᅬݷъҁћтє̞єѕь̝ਘ໙ќѤ ඒࢄࠅࢪѠ༖ᆅьєౡઍݦนѤྊᅀѣ੤ॳ҇ѷєѾь̝फ੆౗ݑѠѝјћѷ౞ѣ੣ᅀ҇ѷ єѾюѷѣѝьћᅬݷъҁҀ̞шѣѽлџࠅࢪफ۫ѠпцҀһӟ̷Ҽ̡ҝӈ࠙ओ҇ڤџҀ ા฿рѾݷृюҀѣс̝қҦ̡ӊӠҳҢһ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦќзҀ̞! ! ! ! ѳя̝ඒࢄࠅࢪѠ༖ᆅьє౦࿁ಈलѤ̝ђѣঞѣ౦࿁ѣӜҗӈҨҗҢӞѣ಻ཥѠ҄єј ћࠅࢪ঳ᅵ҇ރಸюҀ̞ъѾѠ̝ࠅࢪѠ༖ᆅьє౦࿁Ѥ̝ૄॴѣᄜॻౖ҇৤нҁѥ̝ધ௙

! 24! ќѣࠅࢪપ৤ѣ৹ѳѿ̝ࡋ౒๸ѠѷѽҀсધ௙ࢢ೯ќᄔڕџඒڕ҇ಓѶ̝फ੆౗ݑѠൌй Ѡ৮फ़юҀѝ࠽ഹъҁҀ̞шѣڞႴќѤ̝ࠅࢪफ۫Ѥ̝ౡઍӊӠҮҬѕцќџф̝ӊӠҳ Ңһ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѝॆѨљфшѝќ౗ݑсѷєѾъҁҀшѝѠџҀ̞! ! ъѾѠ̝қҦ̡ӊӠҳҢһѠљйћѷ̝౦࿁ಈलрѾҗӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѭѣืގсફลъ ҁћйҀ̞шѣืގѤ̝қҦ̡ӊӠҳҢһѠљйћѣ໢ૢఇ݂ѠѽјћѷєѾъҁҀѝѝ ѷѠ̝ࠅࢪफ۫ѣంєџӄӜҳҗӓѣ৔ඞѠљџсҀѝ࠽ഹъҁҀ̞єѝнѥ̝ࠅࢪ༖ᆅ ౦࿁ಈलѤ̝ࠅࢪ঳ᅵͅEco-Efficiency;ࠅࢪหܥౖѝރಸ͆҇Ѷыьћйєѝ৤нѾҁҀ̞ ш ѣ ѽ л џ ࠅ ࢪ ঳ ᅵ ѣ ೏ ௰ ษ џ ӟ ӌ Ӟ Ѥ ಈ ྐ ̡ ౡ ઍ Ӝ җ Ӧ ѣ ࠊ ᅬ ଅ )Plant/Line management*̝࿫ჸࠊᅬଅͅDivisional management͆ќзҀѝъҁћйҀ̞шҁѠവ ьћ̝қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѤ̝ҨҬҹҖҽӉӞ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦͅSustainable innovation; ంьйҪҬҹӓѝӄӜҳҗӓҪӈһ͆҇Ѷыюѷѣѝ৤нѾҁҀѣќзҀ̞ђѣ೏௰ษџ ӟӌӞѤ਼̝৹फ۫౾ໟଅͅCEO͆ѹଙบᄃͅBoard͆ѝйјєफ۫ణќзҀ̞ђшќѤ̝ ࢣຎૉࣅѹดणѝйјєࢥ෕࠙ओ̝ђьћ຿ޓѣҦӒӘҾҤ̷ҪӚӦсߋᅀъҁҀшѝѠ џҀ̞)Weaver,P et al,2000*̞ਘঞࢀѶѾҁҀࠅࢪफ۫ᆜѤ̝шѣѽлџқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ ҪӚӦᆜќзѿ̝ђѣєѶѣӑӀҫӔӦһс࿋݉ूќзҀ̞ѳъѠ̝шҁѤ̝җӁӌ̷ҪӚ Ӧ̡ӝ̷ҳ̷ҪҶӊќзҀ̞! ! ࠅࢪफ۫҇ᅧޕଅ࠙ओ̝ъѾѠ೏௰ࠗ࠙ओ̝ଃݶ̡फ੆̡૜಺ҪҬҹӓ࠙ओѝ૒്Ѡৄ ڱษџા฿Ѡ୍јћᅬݷюҀѝ̝ӒҢӠ̝ඩࠗђьћӑҢӠѝйлқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ ѣ4љѣӟӌӞѣપ৤ѠџҀ̞ࠅࢪफ۫Ѥ̝೏௰ളѣࠅࢪफ۫ѠѝўѳҀॻѿ̝ђѣඒࢄ ࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣവܥᆜѤॻซษѝџѾыҀ҇ຝџйѝйнҀ̞ђшѠѤ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏сඒ ࢄࡋრќ৤н̝ඒڱӟӌӞќവܥюҀѝйлᇫᅬсзѿ̝ඒࢄѝйлҪҬҹӓ҇ಷดѝь ћ৤нҀшѝс࿋݉ूѕрѾќзҀ̞! ! ࠬࣅѠѝјћࠅࢪဲ಻ѤࢹڛќѤџф̝ࢢ೯ᄔڕౖ҇৹ѶҀࡀݶѝюҀᅬݷсఆຆьљ љҀ̞ъѾѠ̝ࠅࢪဲ಻ѭѣଙѿ೏ѴѤ̝ྊᅀ੤ॳѣ঳ݑѕцќџф̝ૉࣅѣࠅࢪ݂ѹం ࡋૉࣅѣืގѠѽҀࠬࣅߋຍђѣѷѣѣࠅࢪ݂ѭѝืގюҀ݉໸ౖс࠽ഹъҁҀѣќз Ҁ̞ѝфѠ̝फ۫૳ರѣޮ௿сफ۫ᆜѠзҀѝюҁѥ̝ђѣफ۫ᆜѠඒࢄࠅࢪѭѣവܥᆜ ҇೏Ѵ໛ҁћ৤ੴюҀ૑ൊѝџјє̞шҁшђсॶൊफ۫ѣຠ૲ќзѿ̝फ۫ߋຍѣ૜ঃ ୋ૳ѝവޓษџ࠙ओߋຍѣୋ૳҇఩Ҁࠅࢪफ۫ᇫсྣᅆѝъҁҀѻн҈ќзҀ̞! ! шѣѽлѠࠅࢪफ۫ѣ࠱ႏษџ৔ೢѤ̝ࠬࣅߋຍѣࠅࢪ݂ѝьћѣࠅࢪࠊᅬ̝ࠅࢪࠇਯ ߋຍѝધ௙ѣࠅࢪ݂ѝьћѣӜҗӈҨҗҢӞҕҮҬӔӦһ̝қҦҺҩҗӦͅඒࢄࠅࢪѠ༖ ᆅьє౦࿁ಈल͆џўѣഋო҇ૐљѝ৤нѾҁҀ̞ࠬࣅߋຍѣࠅࢪ݂Ѥ̝ࠬࣅ຿࿫ѣࠅࢪ ݂̝џйьࠅࢪဲ಻ѣ೏௰ษџഋოѝйлшѝсќтҀ̞! ! ѳє̝ધ௙ѣࠅࢪ݂Ѥ̝ଙۃ಑̝ரྊଅџўѣᅧޕ࠙ओଅѝѣവޓษџߋຍѝйлшѝ сќтҀќз҂л̞ъѾѠ̝ਘঞѤ്ઃѣࠅࢪ݂ѝьћ̝ࠬࣅ̝ਈ̝ਈჂ̝ඒڱџўѣީ ࠅࢪ౾ໟଘളѣࠗѠज౗ъҁҀқҦ̡ӀҶһӢ̷ҢѠпцҀқҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦѣଘള ѝьћѣӝ̷ҳ̷ҪҶӊѣ཈࠹с࠽ഹъҁҀѣќзҀ̞шѣѽлѠࠅࢪफ۫Ѥ̝ࠬࣅѣ೏ ௰ษџവܥѠલѳѾя̝ધ௙ษџവܥъѾѠީࠅࢪ౾ໟଘളѣࠗѣӀҶһӢ̷Ңษџവܥ ҇ࠟѵшѝѠѽјћ̝ѽѿ຿࿫ࠊᅬษџા฿рѾધ௙ъѾѠީࠅࢪ౾ໟଘളѣӀҶһӢ̷ Ңѣ಻ളษџા฿҇ѷࠟѵ਼৹फ۫ษџౖޭ҇ࢬѶћйҀѣќзҀ̞шѣ਼৹फ۫ѣݢ൏

ѝьћѣࠅࢪफ۫шђсࠅࢪफ۫ᆜѣຠ૲ѝ৤нѾҁҀќз҂л̞! !

̤ͩͤͅ!

! ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏Ѥ̝шҁѳќѣ຿࿫ࠊᅬษџપ৤ќѷџф̝വޓ࠙ओѕцќѷџф̝຿ѝ ޓсڵളѝџјє๼৾ษџຠౖ҇ૐјћйҀ̞шѣڞႴќѷ̝ࠅࢪफ۫Ѥ̝຿࿫ࠊᅬ࿫ჸ ѣݢ൏ќѷџф̝ѷјѦѾവޓߋຍ҇൷๵юҀৄ၈̡றޓ࿫ჸѣݢ൏ќѷџф̝ඒࢄࠅࢪ ჵ൏ѭѣവܥ҇೴৾ษ̝ೱঘ੣ᅀษџા฿рѾ৤нҀ਼৹फ۫ѣჵ൏ѝьћืގюҀшѝ Ѡџјє̞! ! ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣࠬࣅѣଙѿ೏ѴѤ̝ଃݶ৮फ़ѣϨљќзҀѝѣ໢ૢрѾਘঞѣࠬࣅࣅ ౼҇ਭۍюҀ਼ѷ୔ᅆџಘᅹѣϨљѝьћ৤нҀඍޏѭѝకѴљљзҀ̞M.Ӑ̷Ҳ̷ѝ F.ӜҗӦӂ̷һ)Porter,Michael E.& Reinhardt Forest L*Ѥ̝͑ࡃমဦຍ̝҇ӆҫӀҬ௒ ѣჵ൏ѝьћѝѾня̝шҁѳќѣѽлѠϺЊЉࠬͅࣅѣଃݶษ౾ໟ͆ѣڵࠅѝьћ৤н ћйҀࠬࣅѠѤ̝ఞൌџӝҬҢсഹјћйҀ)Poter,M.E&Reinhardt F.L.,2008 p.92*͒ѝ ьћ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏҇ಘᅹษݢ൏ѝьћႏޭษѠଙѿ೏ѵѮтќзҀѝьћйҀ̞ࠬࣅѠ ѝјћࠅࢪဲ಻ѤࢹڛќѤџф̝ࢢ೯ᄔڕౖ҇৹ѶҀࡀݶѝюҀᅬݷсఆຆьљљзҀ̞! ! ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏Ѥ̝ਘঞѤъѾѠ਼̝৹फ۫ѣݢ൏ѝьћ̝ࠬࣅѣౢవ҇ਭۍюҀݢ൏ѝ ьћᅬݷъҁҀ૑ൊѭѝకѴ̝ඒࢄࠅࢪჵ൏ѭѣവܥ҇೴৾ษ̝ೱঘ੣ᅀษџા฿рѾ৤ н̝қҦ̡җӁӌ̷ҪӚӦ҇యకюҀफ۫ӝ̷ҳ̷ҪҶӊѣ཈࠹сࢬфࢀѶѾҁҀшѝѠ џҀѣќзҀ̞! ! )४ࣉ໲ࡃ*! 2/!஛஫஼ဩර)3113/*͓ӜҗӈҬҲҗӞ̡ӑӀҫӔӦһ͔ဍᣨຏ̞! 3/!໙ႏࡋޭࢥݶ)3116*͓JIS ӂӦҼӉҶҢ̝69.3̝ࠅࢪӑӀҫӔӦһ͔̞! 4/!ࠅࢪහဩ)3112*͓န౗ 24 འ! ୪ࠅचଃݶ༭஀͔̞! 5/!໙फ BP ଃ)3116*͓໙फқҦӠҫ̷͔: ॉ৽̞! 6/!)੗*໙ႏࡋޭࢥݶ)3119*͓ISO/WD4.2 26000 ݃ᄆའ͔̞!

7/! Alasdair, Reid & Michal Miedzinski,( 2008) Eco-innovation-Final Report for Sectoral Innovation Watch,technopolis,May 2008,Europe Innova.

8/! Albach,Horst(1999)”Ein allgemeine Theorie der Unternehmung” in Zeitschhrift für Betriebswirtschaft,69.Jg,H.4.!

9/!Bhamar, T. Evans,S. F. van der Zwan and Cook,M. (2001), Moving from Eco-Products to Eco-Services, The Journal of Design Research,Volume1.

:/! Brezet,J,C.(1998)Sustainable product innovation, 3rd _{International Conference’Towards}

Sustainable Product Design’,London,UK,October.!

21/!Bambert,A.J.D. (2001),”Life-cycle chain analysis, including recycling” in, Sarkis, Joseph, Edit.,”Greener Manufacturing and Operations”Greenleaf.!

22/! Porter,Michael E.& Linde Claas von der,(1995)”Green and Competitive” in Harvard

Bussiness Review (Sept-Oct). ͅᄁ຿ᄤৃ̺௒ใᆉથ! ᄆ͑ࠅࢪଘࡠс੣Ҁ 32 ్ࡉѣࢢ೯ᄔڕ͒

! 26! 23/! Porter,Michael E.& Reinhardt Forest L.(2008).,”A Strategic Approach to Climate” in

Harvard Bussiness ReviewͅMay͆ͅڔ຀႖થ̝گ௒ୋൊ̝ᆠিથ̝ઃۡბྗ̝ഡگ஼થ! ᄆ

ܾ͑૭঳ݑҟҬჵ൏Ѡ͑ಘᅹษ͒Ѡവ୷юҀ͓͒ҳҗӗӕӦҼ! ӂ̷Ӄ̷Ҽ̡ӆҫӀҬ̡ӟӆӘ̷͔

ͅMay͆ҳҗӗӕӦҼଃ̝3119 ໪͆!

24/!Renz,Tim(1997),Management in internationalen Unternehmensnetzwerken,GABLER̠ 25/!Sarkis,Joseph,Edit(2001.,”Greener Manufacturing and Operations”Greenleaf,.

26/! Stephan, Vachon, Klassen,Robert D.and Johnson,P.Fraser,(2001)”Customers as Green Suppliers”, in Sarkis,Joseph,Edit.,”Greener Manufacturing and Operations”Greenleaf. 27/! Thierry,Kazazia,(2003)”The ecodesign process”, in Bourg, Dominique/Erkman, Suren

(Edited), Perspecives on Industrial Ecology,Greenleaf.

28/!Weaver,P et al(2000),Sutainable Technology Development,Greenleaf Publishing, Sheffield, UK)̞