ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᮏᏛ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᩥᆺᩥἲࠊㄞゎ࣭⫈ゎࠊ₎Ꮠࡢࢡࣛࢫࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫ ࢺࢆ SPOT㸦SPOT90㸩Grammar90㸩₎Ꮠ SPOT50㸧࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࠿࡝࠺࠿᳨ウ ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᅾ⡠Ꮫ⏕ 40 ྡࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ࡜ SPOT ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚┦㛵ศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓࠋ

SPOT ࡟ࡼࡿࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺᑟධࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡢ᳨ウ Studying a possibility of placement test applying SPOT.

⸨⏣⿱୍㑻

せ᪨

ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᮏᏛ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᩥᆺᩥἲࠊㄞゎ࣭⫈ゎࠊ₎Ꮠࡢࢡࣛࢫࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫ ࢺࢆ SPOT㸦SPOT90㸩Grammar90㸩₎Ꮠ SPOT50㸧࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࠿࡝࠺࠿᳨ウ ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᅾ⡠Ꮫ⏕ 40 ྡࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ࡜ SPOT ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚┦㛵ศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓࠋ

ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࡢᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲ࡜ Grammar90ࠊࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ

ࡢㄞゎ࡜ Grammar90ࠊࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࡢ₎Ꮠ࡜₎Ꮠ SPOT50 ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟ᙉ࠸ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀ

ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ

ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊᩥᆺᩥἲࢡࣛࢫࡣ Grammar90 ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ SPOT90 ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡍࡿࠋㄞゎ࣭⫈

ゎࢡࣛࢫࡶ Grammar90 ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ SPOT90 ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡍࡿࠋ₎Ꮠࢡࣛࢫࡣ₎Ꮠ SPOT50 ࢆࡶ࡜

࡟ SPOT90 ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᐇ㝿࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿ࡟ࡣᣋ㏿࡛ࠊࡉࡽ࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱ཰㞟࡜⢭⦓࡞᳨ウࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃

࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ

࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ ࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ SPOT ┦㛵ศᯒ

1㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

ᮏᏛ࡛ࡣࠊࢥ࣮ࢫࡢ㛤ጞ๓࡟ࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࢡࣛࢫ⦅ᡂࢆ

⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᏛࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࡣ୺࡟᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊヨ㦂 N㸳࠿ࡽ N㸰ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢၥ㢟ࢆ

ྲྀࡾΰࡐࠊ⊂⮬࡟సᡂࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢥ࣮ࢫ㛤ጞᚋ࡟ᢸᙜᩍဨࡸᏛ⩦⪅࠿ࡽࢡࣛࢫኚ᭦ࡢᕼ ᮃࡀ࡯ࡰ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࠋࢡࣛࢫศࡅ࡜ࢥ࣮ࢫ㐠Ⴀࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ➹⪅⮬㌟ࡶᏛ⩦⪅ࡢࢡࣛࢫኚ᭦ࡢᚲ せᛶࢆឤࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡞࡝࠿ࡽࠊ࠾࠾ࡼࡑጇᙜ࡞ࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸

࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࡢᐇ᪋ࠊゎ⟅ࠊࢡࣛࢫศࡅ఍㆟࡟⭾኱࡞᫬㛫ࢆ㈝ࡸࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ឤࡌࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࡇࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࢆ SPOT ࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞

࠸࠿᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿࠋ

2㸬ᮏᏛࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࠊSPOTࠊࢡࣛࢫ 2.1 ᮏᏛࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ

ᮏᏛࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࡣᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲࠊㄞゎࠊ⫈ゎࠊ₎Ꮠࠊసᩥࡢ㸳⛉┠࡛ࠊࡑࢀ

ࡒࢀࠊ 45ศࠊ45ศࠊ30ศࠊ15ศࠊ20ศ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲࠊㄞゎࠊ⫈ゎࡣ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟

ຊヨ㦂࡜ఝࡓᙧᘧ࡜ෆᐜ࡛ࠊN㸳ࣞ࣋ࣝ࠿ࡽ N㸰ࣞ࣋ࣝࡲ࡛ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ࡯ࡰᆒ➼ࡢ๭ྜ࡛㓄⨨ࡋ

࡚࠸ࡿࠋ₎Ꮠࡣྜィ54ၥ࡛ࠊㄞࡳၥ㢟27ၥ࡜᭩ࡁၥ㢟27ၥ࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࠊึ⣭

ࡢ₎Ꮠ9ၥࠊ୰⣭๓༙ࡢ₎Ꮠ9ၥࠊ୰⣭ᚋ༙ࡢ₎Ꮠ9ၥࡀ㓄⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋసᩥࡣ⮬ᕫ⤂௓ࡢㄢ 㢟ࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀࠊไ㝈᫬㛫ෆࡢ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅࡓࡃࡉࢇ᭩ࡃࡼ࠺ᣦ♧ࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

2.2 SPOT

SPOT㸦Simple Performance-Oriented Test㸧ࡣ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖࡛ࣥ⮬↛࡞Ⓨヰ㏿ᗘ࡛ḟࠎ࡜ㄞࡳ

ୖࡆࡽࢀࡿᩥࢆ⪺ࡁ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࣃࢯࢥࣥ⏬㠃ୖ࡟⾲♧ࡉࢀࡿྠࡌᩥ୰ࡢ✵ḍࡢᙜ࡚ࡣࡲࡿࡦࡽࡀ

࡞㸯ᩥᏐࢆ㑅ࡪࢸࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᑠᯘ௚, 1996㸧 ࠋSPOT ࡛ࡣ༶᫬ⓗฎ⌮⬟ຊࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊ ᡭ⥆ࡁⓗ▱㆑ࡢ⮬ື໬ࢆ㛫᥋ⓗ࡟᥎ィࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ᥇Ⅼࡶ⮬ື࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡓ

ࡵࠊࢥࢫࢺࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡢ㧗࠸ゝㄒࢸࢫࢺ࡜ࡉࢀࡿ㸦ᑠᯘ௚1992,1996, ࣇ࢛࣮ࢻ୹⩚௚

1995, Ford-Niwa et al.1999㸧 ࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ➨஧ゝㄒ⩦ᚓ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚᪥ᮏㄒຊࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࡾࠊᅜෆ እࡢ኱Ꮫࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶᗈࡃ฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

SPOT ࡟ࡣ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢᙧᘧࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊࡀ ࢀࡿࡀࠊ௒ᅇࡣ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡶ

ᐇ㝿࡟ࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠕSPOT90㸩Grammar90㸩₎Ꮠ SPOT50ࠖ

ࡢࢭࢵࢺࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋSPOT90ࡣ༶᫬ⓗ࡟᪥ᮏㄒࡢฎ⌮ࢆㄪ࡭ࠊ㐠⏝ຊࢆ㛫᥋ⓗ࡟ ࡿࠋ30ၥ ࡎࡘࡢ㸱ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋGrammar90ࡣᩥἲ㡯┠ࡢ▱㆑ࢆ ࡿࢸࢫࢺ࡛ࠊ30ၥ ࡎࡘࡢ㸱ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ₎Ꮠ SPOT50ࡣ₎Ꮠㄒᙡࡢ㡢ኌฎ⌮⬟ຊࢆ ࡿࢸࢫࢺ

࡛ࠊึ⣭ࡢၥ㢟20ၥ࡜୰ୖ⣭ࡢၥ㢟30ࡢྜィ50ၥ࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 2.3 ࢡࣛࢫ

ᮏᏛ࡛ࡣ⛉┠ࡈ࡜ࠊ⩦⇍ᗘู࡟ࢡࣛࢫࢆ⦅ᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦⾲㸯㸧 ࠋ

⾲㸯 ࢡࣛࢫ⦅ᡂ

⛉┠ྡ ࢡࣛࢫ

ᩥᆺᩥἲ ձ㸦N㸳㸧 ղ㸦N㸲㸧 ճ㸦N㸱㸧 մ㸦N㸱̺N㸰㸧

⥲ྜ₇⩦ A㸦N㸳̺N㸲㸧 B㸦N㸲̺N㸱㸧 C㸦N㸱̺N㸰㸧

ㄞゎ A㸦N㸳̺N㸲㸧 B㸦N㸲̺N㸱㸧 C㸦N㸱̺N㸰㸧

⫈ゎ A㸦N㸳̺N㸲㸧 B㸦N㸲̺N㸱㸧 C㸦N㸱̺N㸰㸧

ཱྀ㢌⾲⌧ A㸦N㸳̺N㸲㸧 B㸦N㸲̺N㸱㸧 C㸦N㸱̺N㸰㸧

ᩥ❶⾲⌧ A㸦N㸳̺N㸲㸧 B㸦N㸲̺N㸱㸧 C㸦N㸱̺N㸰㸧

ᩥᆺᩥἲࡣᩥἲࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ⥲ྜ᪥ᮏㄒࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊヨ㦂ࡢ N㸳ࣞ࣋ࣝ࠿ࡽ N㸰ࣞ

࣋ࣝࡲ࡛ࢆ㸲ࡘࡢࢡࣛࢫ࡟ศࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⥲ྜ₇⩦ࡣ₎Ꮠ࡜ㄒᙡࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᤵᴗ࡛ N㸳ࣞ࣋ࣝ

࠿ࡽ N㸰ࣞ࣋ࣝࡲ࡛ࢆ㸱ࡘࡢࢡࣛࢫ࡟ศࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋㄞゎࠊ⫈ゎࠊཱྀ㢌⾲⌧ࠊᩥ❶⾲⌧ࡣࡑࢀࡒ

ࢀࠊㄞࡴࠊ⪺ࡃࠊヰࡍࠊ᭩ࡃࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᤵᴗ࡛ N㸳ࣞ࣋ࣝ࠿ࡽ N㸰ࣞ࣋ࣝࡲ࡛ࢆ㸱ࡘࡢࢡࣛ

ࢫ࡟ศࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊㄞゎ࡜⫈ゎࡣྠࡌ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢࢡࣛࢫࠊཱྀ㢌⾲⌧࡜ᩥ❶⾲⌧ࡶྠࡌ࣓ࣥ

ࣂ࣮ࡢࢡࣛࢫ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 3㸬ㄪᰝ

ᮏᏛ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࢆSPOT ࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࠿࡝࠺࠿᳨ウࡍ

ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ2018ᖺ9᭶࡟⾜ࡗࡓࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ㸦ᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲࠊㄞゎࠊ⫈ゎࠊ₎Ꮠ㸧

࡜ྠ12᭶࡟⾜ࡗࡓ SPOT㸦SPOT90㸩Grammar90㸩₎Ꮠ SPOT50ࠖ 㸧ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ

ཧຍ⪅ࡣᮏᏛ␃Ꮫ⏕ู⛉࡟ᡤᒓࡍࡿᏛ⏕47ྡࡢ࠺ࡕࠊࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ࡜ SPOT ࡢ୧᪉

ࢆཷ㦂ࡋࡓ40ྡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ヨ㦂᫬㛫ࡣࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࡀ⣙170ศࠊ SPOT ࡀ100ศ⛬ᗘࡔࡗࡓࠋᚓⅬࡣࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓

ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࡣ඲࡚ᚓⅬ⋡100㸣࡟᥮⟬ࡋࡓࠋ SPOT ࡣ SPOT90 ࡜ Grammar90ࡀ90Ⅼ‶Ⅼࠊ₎

Ꮠ SPOT50ࡣ50Ⅼ‶Ⅼࡔࡗࡓࠋ 4㸬⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ

ࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ࡜ SPOT ࡢ㛵ಀࢆぢࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ┦㛵ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࢸࢫࢺ⛉┠࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

┦㛵ศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ 4.1 ᩥᆺᩥἲࢡࣛࢫ

ᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲ㸦ࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺ㸧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲ࡜ SPOT90ࡢ㛫࡟ṇࡢ

┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦r = .609,p < .001㸧 ࠋࡲࡓࠊᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲ࡜ Grammar90ࡢ㛫࡟ࡣᙉ࠸ṇ ࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦r = .773,p < .001㸧 ࠋ

ᅗ㸯ࠊ㸰ࡣᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲ࡜ SPOT90ࠊᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲ࡜ Grammar90ࡢᚓⅬ⋡࡜ᚓⅬࢆᏛ

⩦⪅ࡢࢡࣛࢫࡈ࡜࡟ศࡅ࡚♧ࡋࡓᩓᕸᅗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᅗ㸯 ᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲ࡜ SPOT90

ᅗ㸰 ᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲ࡜ Grammar90

⦪㍈ࡣᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲࡢᚓⅬ⋡ࢆ⾲ࡋࠊᶓ㍈ࡣ SPOT90㸭Grammar90ࡢⅬᩘࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᅗ㸰ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⩦⇍ᗘࡀ㧗࠸մࢡࣛࢫ࡯࡝┦㛵ࡀ㧗ࡃࠊ⩦⇍ᗘࡀୗࡀࡿ࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚

ࣉࣟࢵࢺࡀศᩓࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟❚ࢃࢀࡿࠋ

ᩥᆺᩥἲࡢࢡࣛࢫศࡅ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊGrammar90ࡢᚓⅬࢆᇶ‽࡟ SPOT90࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᩥᆺᩥἲࡢ ࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡀࢆࡋ࡚ࡣ࡝࠺ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᩥᏐㄒᙡ࣭ᩥἲࡢᚓⅬ⋡࡜

Grammar90ࡢⅬᩘ࡟ᙉ࠸ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࡇࢀࢆᇶ‽࡟ࡋࠊุ᩿ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸Ⅼᩘ

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0

մ ճ ղ ձ

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0

մ

ճ

ղ

ձ

࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ SPOT90ࡢ㐠⏝ຊࢆぢ࡚⥲ྜⓗ࡟ุ᩿ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡼࡾ⢭ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ุ᩿ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛

ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᮏᏛ࡛ࡣᩥᆺᩥἲࡣ㸲ࡘࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ศࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ㸰ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ⩦⇍ᗘࡀࡶࡗ࡜ࡶప࠸ձࢡ

ࣛࢫ࡟ᅾ⡠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏛ⏕ࡢ Grammar90ࡢᚓⅬࡣⓙ30Ⅼྎ࡛࠶ࡾࠊGrammar90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ30Ⅼ

ྎᚋ༙ࡲ࡛ࡀձࢡࣛࢫࡢᇶ‽ࡢ࡞ࡾࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋղࢡࣛࢫᅾ⡠ࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ30Ⅼྎᚋ༙࠿ࡽ45Ⅼࡢ 㛫࡟㞟୰ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ 30Ⅼྎᚋ༙࠿ࡽ45Ⅼࡲ࡛ࢆղࢡࣛࢫࡢᇶ‽࡜ࡍࡿࠋճࢡࣛࢫࡣ40Ⅼ࠿

ࡽ50Ⅼࡢ㛫ࡀศᕸࡢ୰ᚰ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊղࢡࣛࢫࡢ⠊ᅖࢆ45Ⅼࡲ࡛࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ 45Ⅼ࠿ࡽ55Ⅼࡲ

࡛ࢆ⠊ᅖ࡟ࡍࡿࡢࡀ࠸࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋմࢡࣛࢫࡣ50Ⅼ࠿ࡽ60Ⅼࡲ࡛ࡀศᕸࡢ୰

ᚰ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊճࢡࣛࢫࡢ⠊ᅖࡀ55Ⅼࡲ࡛࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ60Ⅼ௨ୖࡢᏛ⩦⪅ࡶぢࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ 55Ⅼ௨ୖࢆ⠊ᅖ࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊྛࢡࣛࢫࡢቃ⏺㒊ศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊSPOT90ࡢᚓⅬ㸦ᅗ㸯ᶓ㍈㸧ุ࡛᩿ࡋ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ Grammar90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ30Ⅼྎᚋ༙ࡔࡗࡓሙྜࠊSPOT90ࡢᚓⅬࡶ30Ⅼྎ࡛࠶ࢀࡤձࢡࣛࢫࠊ40

Ⅼྎ࡛࠶ࢀࡤղࢡࣛࢫ࡜ࡍࡿࠋྠᵝ࡟ࠊGrammar90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ45Ⅼ๓ᚋࡢሙྜࠊSPOT90ࡢᚓ

Ⅼࡀ45Ⅼ௨ୗ࡞ࡽղࢡࣛࢫࠊ46Ⅼ௨ୖ࡞ࡽճࢡࣛࢫ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊGrammar90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ55

Ⅼ๓ᚋࡢሙྜࠊSPOT90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ55Ⅼ௨ୗ࡞ࡽճࢡࣛࢫࠊ56Ⅼ௨ୖ࡞ࡽմࢡࣛࢫ࡜ศࡅࡿࡇ࡜

ࡀ࡛ࡁࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

4.2 ㄞゎ࣭⫈ゎࢡࣛࢫ

ㄞゎ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊㄞゎ࡜ SPOT90ࡢ㛫࡟ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦r = .699,p < .001㸧 ࠋࡲࡓࠊ ㄞゎ࡜ Grammar90ࡢ㛫࡟ࡣᙉ࠸ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦r = .742,p < .001㸧 ࠋ

ᅗ㸱ࡣᙉ࠸ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓㄞゎ࡜ Grammar90ࡢᚓⅬ⋡࡜ᚓⅬࢆᏛ⩦⪅ࡢࢡࣛࢫࡈ࡜

࡟ศࡅ࡚♧ࡋࡓᩓᕸᅗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᅗ㸱 ㄞゎ࡜ Grammar90

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0

C

B

A

⦪㍈ࡣㄞゎࡢᚓⅬ⋡ࢆ⾲ࡋࠊᶓ㍈ࡣ Grammar90ࡢⅬᩘࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⩦⇍ᗘࡀ㧗

࠸ C ࢡࣛࢫ࡯࡝ᅇᖐ┤⥺ࡼࡾ㧗࠸఩⨨࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊㄞゎࡢⅬᩘࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡲࡓ⩦⇍ᗘࡀୗࡀࡿ࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ᅇᖐ┤⥺ࡼࡾప࠸఩⨨࡟ศᕸࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࠊㄞゎࡢⅬᩘࡀ ప࠸ࡼ࠺࡟❚ࢃࢀࡿࠋ

⫈ゎ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⫈ゎ࡜ SPOT90ࡢ㛫࡟ࡣࠊṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦r = .694,p < .001㸧 ࠋ

ࡲࡓࠊ⫈ゎ࡜ Grammar90ࡢ㛫࡟ࡶṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦r = .665,p < .001㸧 ࠋ

ᅗ㸲ࡣṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ⫈ゎ࡜ SPOT90ࡢᚓⅬ⋡࡜ᚓⅬࢆᏛ⩦⪅ࡢࢡࣛࢫࡈ࡜࡟ศࡅ࡚

♧ࡋࡓᩓᕸᅗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᅗ㸲 ⫈ゎ࡜ SPOT90

⦪㍈ࡣ⫈ゎࡢᚓⅬ⋡ࢆ⾲ࡋࠊᶓ㍈ࡣ SPOT90ࡢⅬᩘࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ⩦⇍ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ C ࢡࣛࢫ࡜ B ࢡࣛࢫ࡯࡝ᅇᖐ┤⥺ࡼࡾ㧗࠸఩⨨࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⫈ゎࡢⅬᩘࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚

࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ⩦⇍ᗘࡀప࠸ A ࢡࣛࢫࡣᅇᖐ┤⥺ࡼࡾప࠸఩⨨࡟ศᕸࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⫈ゎࡢⅬᩘ

ࡀప࠸ࡼ࠺࡟❚ࢃࢀࡿࠋ

ᮏᏛ࡛ࡣㄞゎ࡜⫈ゎࡢࢡࣛࢫࡣྠࡌ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡛㸱ࡘࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ศࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋㄞゎ࣭⫈ゎࢡࣛ

ࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊㄞゎ࡜ Grammar90ࡢ㛫࡟ᙉ࠸ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࡇࢀࢆࡲࡎุ

᩿ࡢᇶ‽࡟ࡋ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋᅗ㸱ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ⩦⇍ᗘࡀప࠸ A ࢡࣛࢫࡢᏛ⩦⪅ࡢศᕸࡢ୰ᚰࡣ30Ⅼྎ

࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ㸮Ⅼ࠿ࡽ40Ⅼࡲ࡛ࢆ A ࢡࣛࢫ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ B ࢡࣛࢫࡢᏛ⩦⪅ࡣ30Ⅼ࠿ࡽ60Ⅼࡲ࡛

ᗈࡃศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ୰ᚰࡣ40Ⅼ๓ᚋ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ40Ⅼ࠿ࡽ50Ⅼࡲ࡛࡜ࡍࡿࠋ C ࢡࣛ

ࢫࡣࠊ୰࡟ࡣ30ⅬྎࡢᏛ⩦⪅ࡶ࠸ࡿࡀࠊ40Ⅼྎ࠿ࡽ50Ⅼྎࡀከ࠸ࡓࡵࠊ50Ⅼ௨ୖ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

ุ᩿ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ቃ⏺㒊ศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᩥᆺᩥἲࢡࣛࢫྠᵝ࡟ SPOT90ࡢᚓⅬ㸦ᅗ㸲ᶓ㍈㸧ุ࡛

᩿ࡋ࡚ࡣ࡝࠺ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋGrammar90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ40Ⅼ๓ᚋࡔࡗࡓሙྜࠊSPOT90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ30Ⅼྎ

࡛࠶ࢀࡤ A ࢡࣛࢫࠊ40Ⅼྎ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ B ࢡࣛࢫ࡜ࡍࡿࠋྠᵝ࡟ࠊSPOT90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ50Ⅼ๓ᚋࡢ ሙྜࠊSPOT90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ50Ⅼ௨ୗ࡞ࡽ B ࢡࣛࢫࠊ50Ⅼ௨ୖ࡞ࡽ C ࢡࣛࢫ࡜ศࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0

C

B

A

4.3 ⥲ྜ₇⩦ࢡࣛࢫ

₎Ꮠ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ ₎Ꮠ࡜₎Ꮠ SPOT50ࡢ㛫࡟ᙉ࠸ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ 㸦r = .763,p < .001㸧 ࠋ

ࡲࡓࠊ₎Ꮠ࡜ SPOT90ࡢ㛫࡟ࡶᙉ࠸ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸦r = .762,p < .001㸧 ࠋ

ᅗ㸳ࠊ㸴ࡣ₎Ꮠ࡜₎Ꮠ SPOT50ࠊ₎Ꮠ࡜ SPOT90ࡢᚓⅬ⋡࡜ᚓⅬࢆᏛ⩦⪅ࡢࢡࣛࢫࡈ࡜࡟ศ ࡅ࡚♧ࡋࡓᩓᕸᅗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᅗ㸳 ₎Ꮠ࡜₎Ꮠ SPOT50

ᅗ㸴 ₎Ꮠ࡜ SPOT90

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0

⦪㍈ࡣ₎ᏐࡢᚓⅬ⋡ࢆ⾲ࡋࠊᶓ㍈ࡣ₎Ꮠ SPOT50㸭SPOT90ࡢⅬᩘࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᮏᏛ࡛ࡣ₎Ꮠ࡜ㄒᙡࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ᢅ࠺⥲ྜ₇⩦ࡢࢡࣛࢫࡣ㸱ࡘࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ศࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ㸳ࢆぢ

ࡿ࡜ࠊ⩦⇍ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ C ࢡࣛࢫ࡜ B ࢡࣛࢫ࡯࡝┦㛵ࡀ㧗ࡃࠊ⩦⇍ᗘࡀప࠸ A ࢡࣛࢫࡣᅇᖐ┤⥺

ࡼࡾప࠸఩⨨࡟ศᩓࡋ࡚ศᕸࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ₎ᏐࡢⅬᩘࡀప࠸ࡼ࠺࡟❚ࢃࢀࡿࠋ௚᪉ࠊᅗ㸴

ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ⩦⇍ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ C ࢡࣛࢫࡣᅇᖐ┤⥺ࡼࡾ㧗࠸Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡀከ࠸୍᪉ࠊ B ࢡࣛࢫ࡜ A ࢡࣛࢫ ࡢᏛ⩦⪅ࡣᅇᖐ┤⥺ࡼࡾప࠸఩⨨࡟ศᕸࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟❚ࢃࢀࡿࠋ

⥲ྜ₇⩦ࡢࢡࣛࢫศࡅ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᅗ㸳ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊA ࢡࣛࢫ㸮Ⅼ࠿ࡽ12Ⅼࡲ࡛ࠊB ࢡࣛࢫࡣ13Ⅼ

࠿ࡽ17Ⅼࡲ࡛ࠊC ࢡࣛࢫࡣ18Ⅼ௨ୖࡀࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡢᇶ‽࡟࡞ࡾࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡲࡓࠊྛࢡࣛࢫࡢቃ⏺㒊ศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊSPOT90ࡢᚓⅬุ࡛᩿ࡋ࡚ࡣ࡝࠺ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ₎Ꮠ SPOT50ࡢᚓⅬࡀ12-14ⅬࡔࡗࡓሙྜࠊSPOT90ࡢᚓⅬࡀ35Ⅼ௨ୗ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ A ࢡࣛࢫࠊ36Ⅼ௨

ୖ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ B ࢡࣛࢫ࡜ࡍࡿࠋྠᵝ࡟ࠊ₎Ꮠ SPOT50ࡢᚓⅬࡀ17-19ⅬࡔࡗࡓሙྜࠊSPOT90ࡢ ᚓⅬࡀ45Ⅼ௨ୗ࡞ࡽ B ࢡࣛࢫࠊ46Ⅼ௨ୖ࡞ࡽ C ࢡࣛࢫ࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 4.4 ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ

┦㛵ศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽᮏᏛࡢࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡢᇶ‽࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡶ

ࡢࡀ⾲㸰-㸲࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

⾲㸰 ᩥᆺᩥἲࡢࢡࣛࢫศࡅ 㸦Ⅼ㸧

Grammar90 SPOT90 ࢡࣛࢫ

ᩥ ᆺ

ᩥ ἲ ࡢ ࢡ

ࣛ ࢫ ศ ࡅ

0-30ᚋ༙ ձࢡࣛࢫ

39௨ୗ

30ᚋ༙-45

40௨ୖ

ղࢡࣛࢫ 45௨ୗ

ճࢡࣛࢫ 45-55

45௨ୖ

55௨ୗ

մࢡࣛࢫ

55- 55௨ୖ

⾲㸱 ㄞゎ࣭⫈ゎࡢࢡࣛࢫศࡅ 㸦Ⅼ㸧

Grammar90 SPOT90 ࢡࣛࢫ

ㄞ ゎ

࣭

⫈ ゎ ࡢ ࢡ

ࣛ ࢫ ศ ࡅ

0-40 A ࢡࣛࢫ

39௨ୗ

40-50

40௨ୖ

B ࢡࣛࢫ 49௨ୗ

50- 50௨ୖ C ࢡࣛࢫ

⾲㸲 ⥲ྜ₇⩦ࡢࢡࣛࢫศࡅ 㸦Ⅼ㸧

₎Ꮠ SPOT50 SPOT90 ࢡࣛࢫ

⥲

ྜ

₇

⩦ ࡢ ࢡ

ࣛ ࢫ ศ ࡅ

0-12 A ࢡࣛࢫ

35௨ୗ

13-17

36௨ୖ

B ࢡࣛࢫ 45௨ୗ

18- 46௨ୖ C ࢡࣛࢫ

ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢡࣛࢫศࡅࢆ⾜࠺㝿ࠊᕥ࠿ࡽ㸰ิ┠ࡢࢸࢫࢺ⤖ᯝࢆᇶ‽࡟ࢡࣛࢫศࡅࢆࡍࡿࠋࡶ

ࡋࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࡀࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡢቃ⏺ࠊࡲࡓቃ⏺௜㏆ࡔࡗࡓሙྜࡣྑ࠿ࡽ㸰ิ┠ࡢࢸࢫࢺ⤖ᯝࢆ㏣

ຍࡢᇶ‽࡟ࡋ࡚᭱⤊ⓗ࡞ุ᩿ࢆࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟┦㛵ࡢᙉ࠸ࢸࢫࢺ⛉┠ࢆࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡢุ᩿ᇶ

‽࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊSPOT90ࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚⥲ྜⓗ࡞ࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡢᇶ‽ࢆࡘࡃࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊุ᩿ࡀ㞴 ࡋ࠸Ꮫ⩦⪅࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡼࡾ⢭ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ุ᩿ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

5㸬࠾ࢃࡾ࡟

ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ௒ࡲ࡛ཷ㦂ࠊ᥇Ⅼࠊࢡࣛࢫศࡅ࡟᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࢆ࢜

ࣥࣛ࢖࡛ࣥཷࡅࡽࢀࡿ SPOT ࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࠿࡝࠺࠿ࠊᮏᏛࡢᏛ⩦⪅ࡢࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥ

ࢺࢸࢫࢺ࡜ SPOT ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡶ࡜࡟᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ┦㛵ࡀᙉ࠸ࢸࢫࢺ⛉┠ࢆ➨୍ࡢᇶ‽࡜

ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊุ᩿ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ሙྜࡣ SPOT90ࡢ㐠⏝ຊࢆཧ⪃࡟⥲ྜⓗ࡟ุ᩿ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⨨ࡁ᥮࠼

ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࢡࣛࢫศࡅࡣᏛ⩦⪅ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ᩍᖌ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟ࢭࣥࢩࢸ

࢕ࣈ࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊᏛ⩦ࡢᡂᯝࠊࢡࣛࢫ㐠Ⴀࢆᕥྑࡍࡿ኱ࡁ࡞せᅉ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᮏ✏ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡶࡗ࡚ࣉ࣮ࣞࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢸࢫࢺࢆ SPOT ࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡢࡣᣋ㏿࡛࠶ࢁ

࠺ࠋ௒ᚋࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㞟ࡵࠊៅ㔜࡟᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩

ᑠᯘ඾Ꮚ࣭ࣇ࢛࣮ࢻ㡰Ꮚ㸦1992㸧.ࠕᩥἲ㡯┠ࡢ㡢ኌ⫈ྲྀ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇドⓗ◊✲ࠖ ࠗ᪥ᮏㄒᩍ⫱࠘

78, 167-177.

ᑠᯘ඾Ꮚ࣭ࣇ࢛࣮ࢻ୹⩚㡰Ꮚ࣭ᒣඖၨྐ㸦1996㸧.ࠕ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ ᐃἲࠗSPOT࠘ ࠖ ࠗୡ

⏺ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᩍ⫱࠘6, 201-218.

ࣇ࢛࣮ࢻ୹⩚㡰Ꮚ࣭ᑠᯘ඾Ꮚ࣭ᒣඖၨྐ㸦1995㸧.ࠕ ࠗ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊ⡆᫆ヨ㦂㸦SPOT㸧 ࠘ࡣఱࢆ 

ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ ̺㡢ኌࢸ࣮ࣉせᅉࡢゎᯒ̺ࠖ ࠗ᪥ᮏㄒᩍ⫱࠘86, 93-102.

Ford-Niwa, J. & Kobayashi,N. (1999). SPOT: A Test Measuring “Control” Exercised by Learners of Japanese, The Acquisition of Japanese as a Second Language, Kanno,K.

ed., John Benjamins Publishing Co., 53-69.

ᮅ᪥኱Ꮫ␃Ꮫ⏕ู⛉