Citation
沖縄工業高等専門学校紀要 = Bulletin of Okinawa National
College of Technology(9): 1-12
Issue Date
2015-03
URL
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12001/18711
ᾏὒ⏕≀ࡢ⏕ᡂࡍࡿⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࡢ ; ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃ
㸨ᨻᮌΎᏕ㸯㸪☾ᮧᑦᏊ㸰㸪ᒣᮏᗈ⨾㸱 㸯Ἀ⦖ᕤᴗ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ ᶵᲔࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉㸪㸰Ἀ⦖ᕤᴗ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ ⏕≀㈨※ᕤᏛ⛉㸪 㸱Ἀ⦖⨾ࡽᓥ㈈ᅋ せ᪨ Ⅳ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࢆᡂศࡍࡿࢺࢤࢫࢠ࣑ࢻࣜࢩࡢ㦵᱁࣍ࢱࢸ㈅ࡢ㈅Ẇᑐࡋ࡚ࠊX ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ௨ୗࡢࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ(1)ࢺࢤࢫࢠ࣑ࢻࣜࢩࡢ㦵᱁ࡣࠊ‽Ᏻᐃࡢࣛࢦ ࢼࢺᵓ㐀࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊඛ➃㒊ศ㏆࠸≉ᐃࡢ⤖ᬗ᪉㓄ྥࡍࡿࠋ(2)࣍ࢱࢸ㈅ࡢ㈅Ẇࡣࡋ࡚࢝ ࣝࢧࢺᵓ㐀ࣛࢦࢼࢺᵓ㐀ࡢΰྜ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㈅ᰕࡢ╔ࡍࡿ㡿ᇦࡣࠊࡋ࡚ࣛࢦ ࢼࢺᵓ㐀࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(3)ࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡢඛ➃㏆ഐ࠾ࡼࡧ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅Ẇࡢ⼖ࡘࡀ࠸㏆ഐ࡛ࡣࠊ≉ᐃࡢࣛ ࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗ᱁Ꮚ㠃ࡽࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀపゅᗘഃࢃࡎࢩࣇࢺࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ⌮⏤ࡣࠊࢫࢺࣟࣥࢳ࣒࢘ ࡢᙳ㡪᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸Ⅳ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࠊX ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃࠊࣛࢦࢼࢺࠊ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࠊࢺࢤࢫࢠ࣑ࢻࣜࢩ࣍ࢱࢸ 㸯㸬⥴ゝ 㐀♋ࢧࣥࢦࡣࢯࢠࣥࢳࣕࢡࡸࢡࣛࢤ࡞ࡢ่⬊ື≀ᒓࡍࡿࢧࣥࢦ㸦࣏ࣜࣉ㸧ࡢ㞟ྜయ㸦⩌య㸧 ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᾏỈࡢᰤ㣴ሷࢆ▼⅊ࡋ࡚ࢸ࣮ࣈࣝ≧ࠊⴥ≧ࠊᯞ≧ࠊሢ≧࡞ᵝࠎ࡞ᙧ≧ࡢ㦵᱁ࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚ ᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࠋ▼⅊ࡣయෆඹ⏕ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ〓⸴ࡤࢀࡿ᳜≀ࣉࣛࣥࢡࢺࣥࡀගྜᡂࡼࡾ⏕⏘ࡍࡿ ᰤ㣴㸦ⅣỈ≀㸧ࢆࡶࠊ㐀㦵⣽⬊ࡢാࡁࡼࡗ࡚▼⅊ẕᾮ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘࢜ࣥࠊ࠾ࡼࡧⅣ㓟Ỉ⣲ ࢜ࣥࡢࡼ࠺࡞⁐Ꮡ↓ᶵⅣ⣲ࡢ▼⅊ᛂࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌࡿࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸯㸧ࠋࢧࣥࢦࡢ㦵᱁ࡣࠊᩳ᪉ᬗࡢ Ⅳ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘⤖ᬗ࡛࠶ࡿࠕAragonite㸸ࣛࢦࢼࢺ㸦ࣛࣞ▼⤖ᬗ㸧࡛ࠖࠊ㦵᱁ࡢᚤ⣽ᵓ㐀ࡣ㔪≧ ࣛࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗࡢ㞟ྜ⤌⧊࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀྂࡃࡽ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸰㸧ࠋࡋࡋࡇࡢࣛࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗ ᵓ㐀ࡣⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࡢ࡞࡛ࡶ‽Ᏻᐃ⤌⧊࡛࠶ࡾࠊ470Υ௨ୖࡢ㧗 ⎔ቃୗࡉࡽࡍᖖ ᖖᅽ࡛Ᏻ ᐃ࡞⳻㠃య᱁ᏊࡢࠕCalcite㸸࢝ࣝࢧࢺ㸦᪉ゎ▼⤖ᬗ㸧ࠖኚࡍࡿࠋ⏕≀⏤᮶ࡢⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘⤖ᬗࡣ ࣛࢦࢼࢺࡀ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୍㒊ࡢᯛ㈅࡛ࡣ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࣛࢦࢼࢺࡀΰᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ┦ࡀΰᅾࡍࡿ⌮⏤ࡣࡼࡃศࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊᯛ㈅ࡢ㈅ᰕࡀ╔ࡍࡿ㒊ศ࡛ࡣ㧗ᐦᗘࡢࣛࢦࢼࢺ ᵓ㐀࡛ࠊࡑࡢࡢ㒊ศ࡛ࡣపᐦᗘࡢ࢝ࣝࢧࢺᵓ㐀࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢ⌮⏤㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ 200 ᖺ᮶ࡢ㞴ၥ ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠕࣛࢦࢼࢺ㸫࢝ࣝࢧࢺၥ㢟ࠖࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸱㸧ࠋࡲࡔ᫂☜࡞⤖ㄽࡀฟ࡚࠸࡞ ࠸ࡀࠊᙉᗘࢆᚲせࡍࡿሙᡤࡀ㧗ᐦᗘࡢࣛࢦࢼࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡽࠊᙉᗘࡢ㛵㐃ࡀணࡉࢀࡿࠋⴭ⪅ࡽࡣ୍㐃ࡢ◊✲࡛ᮌࡢᯞࡢࡼ࠺୕ḟඖࡢ」㞧࡞㦵᱁ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿᯞࢧࣥࢦ╔┠ࡋࠊࡑࡢᯞࢧࣥ ࢦࡢ㦵᱁ᙧ≧ࡸ㦵᱁ᙉᗘ⏕⫱⎔ቃ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸲㸧㸫㸴㸧ࠋᯞࢧࣥࢦࡣሢ≧ࢧࣥࢦẚ࡚ ᡂ㛗ࡀ᪩ࡃࠊᡂ㛗ࡍࡿᚑࡗ࡚ࡁࡃᯞࢆᗈࡆࡿ≉ᚩࢆᣢࡘࡀࠊἼ࠶ࡓࡾ࡞ࡼࡗ࡚ᢡᦆࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ Ⅳ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࡢ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ᙉᗘࡢ㛵ಀࢆ⪃࠼ࡓሙྜࠊᯞࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅ࡢࡼ࠺ᙉ ᗘࡀᚲせ࡞㒊ศࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸㒊ศ࡛⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ࡀ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࡶᛮ㆟࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡋࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᯞ ࢧࣥࢦࡢ㦵᱁ࡢ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ࢆヲ⣽ㄪᰝࡋࡓࡣࡳ࠶ࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊࢧࣥࢦࡢ▼⅊ࡢ㝿ࡣᾏỈ୰ ྵࡲࢀࡿᵝࠎ࡞Ꮫᡂศࡶ㦵᱁୰ྲྀࡾ㎸ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡉࢀࠊẚ㍑ⓗᡂ㛗ࡢ㐜࠸ࣁ࣐ࢧࣥࢦ࡞ࡢሢ≧ࢧ ࣥࢦࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚Ꮫᡂศࢆᢳฟࡋࠊ㐣ཤࡢᆅ⌫つᶍࡢẼೃኚືࡢඖ࡞ࡀヨࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸴㸧ࠋ㐀♋ ࢧࣥࢦࡢ㦵᱁ᙧᡂ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢᏛᡂศࡀᐤࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡍࢀࡤࠊᯞ≧ࢧࣥࢦࡣሢ≧ࢧࣥࢦẚ ࡚ᡂ㛗ࡀ᪩࠸ࡓࡵࠊඛ➃ഃ᰿ᮏഃ࡛ࡣ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ఱࡽࡢ㐪࠸ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㔠ᒓᮦᩱࡢ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ࡢྠᐃ࡞ከ⏝ࡉࢀࡿ㹖⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃἲ㸦X-Ray diffraction method㸸 XRD㸧ࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊᯞࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡢ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡍࡿࡇࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵ༑ศᡂ㛗 ࡋࡓ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅ࡢ㈅Ẇࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㹖⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃࢆᐇࡋࠊࣛࢦࢼࢺ㸫࢝ࣝࢧࢺၥ㢟ࡢ☜ㄆࡶ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ౪ヨᮦ࠾ࡼࡧᐇ㦂᪉ἲ ᯞࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ ౪ヨᮦࡢᯞࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡣࠊᅗ 1 ♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞㛗ࡀ⣙ 400mm ࡢࢺࢤࢫࢠ࣑ࢻࣜࢩ㸦Acropora intermedia㸧ࡢ㦵᱁࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࢺࢤࢫࢠ࣑ࢻࣜࢩࡣἈ⦖⨾ࡽᾏỈ᪘㤋࡛㣫⫱ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ㣫⫱ ࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣỈ᪘㤋ࡢᒇୖタ⨨ࡉࢀࡓỈᵴ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࠊ㏆ᾏࡽỮࡳୖࡆࡓᾏỈࢆỈ㉁ㄪᩚ࠾ࡼࡧ ᗘ ㄪᩚࡋ࡞࠸ࡲࡲࠊࡅὶࡋࡢ≧ែࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ᰿ᮏ㒊ศࡽඛ➃㒊ศ࠸ࡓࡿࡲ࡛せࡍࡿᡂ㛗ᮇ㛫 ࡣࠊ࠾࠾ࡴࡡ 1 ᖺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ㦵᱁࠾࠸࡚ࠊᅗ 2㸦a㸧♧ࡍࡼ࠺ 5 ⟠ᡤࡢ ᐃ⟠ᡤࢆỴᐃࡋࠊᑠᆺ ⬟ษ᩿ᶵ㸦࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ MC110 ᨵ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᘧ᮲௳ࡢࡶᅗ 2㸦b㸧♧ࡍࡼ࠺㦵᱁ࡢ୰ᚰ㏆ ࡽ 2~3mm ࡢⷧ∦ࢆษࡾฟࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ㝿ࠊࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡢඛ➃᪉ྥࡀศࡿࡼ࠺༳ࢆࡅࡓࠋ ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅Ẇ ẚ㍑ᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ࠊᅗ 3 ♧ࡍ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅㸦Mizuhopecten yessoensis㸧ࡢ㈅Ẇࡶ⏝ពࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅ࡣ
(a) Sampling position (b)Shape of sample Fig.1 The skeleton of Acropora intermedia Fig.2 Detail of XRD measurement sample
㸯 㸰 㸱 㸲 㸳 2~3mm 15mm
ᾏ㐨㔝㒆ᑿᓃἢᓊࡢ᰿ᐊᾏᓙ࡛᱆⥙⁺ࡼࡗ࡚⁺⋓ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㈅Ẇࡢᶍᵝࡽᖺ㱋 5 ᖺ ࡢᡂ㈅᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡩࡃࡽࡳࡢᙅ࠸ẆࡀࠕᕥẆ㸦ࡉࡃ㸧ࠖࠊࡩࡃࡽࡳࡢᙉ࠸ẆࡀࠕྑẆ㸦࠺ࡃ㸧ࠖ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᯛࡢ㈅Ẇࡽᅗ 4㸦a㸧♧ࡍࡼ࠺⼖ࡘࡀ࠸㒊ศࡽᮏࡢ┤⥺㸦୍ᮏࡣ㈅ᰕ㒊ศࢆ㏻ ࡾࠊࡶ࠺୍ᮏࡣ㈅ᰕ╔㒊ศࢆ㏻ࡽ࡞࠸㸧ࢆỴᐃࡋࠊࡑࡇࡽ➼㛫㝸ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ᥇ྲྀ⨨ࢆỴᐃࡋ ࡓࠋ⼖ࡘࡀ࠸ࡽ 15mm ࡢ⨨ࢆ No.1 ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡇࡽ 10mm 㛫㝸ࡈࢧࢬࡀ 5mm×5mm ࡢࢧࣥ ࣉࣝࢆࠊࢧࣥࢦྠᵝᑠᆺ⬟ษ᩿ᶵ࡚ษࡾฟࡋࡓࠋ㈅ᰕࡀ╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㡿ᇦࡣࠊA-2ࠊA-3 ࠾ࡼࡧ C-2ࠊC-3 ࡢ㸲⟠ᡤ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ ᐃࡣ㈅Ẇࡢෆ㠃ഃࡋࡓࠋ ; ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃ X ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃࡣᅗ 5 ♧ࡍᓥὠ〇సᡤ〇ࡢ X ⥺ᅇᢡ⨨㸦XRD-6100㸧ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓࠋ ᐃࡣ Cu ⟶⌫ࢆ⏝ࡋࠊ⟶㟁ᅽ 50kVࠊ⟶㟁ὶ 35mA ࡢ X ⥺Ⓨ⏕᮲௳ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ ᐃ㝿ࡋࠊNi ࣇࣝࢱ࣮ ࠾ࡼࡧ 2mm ࡢࢫࣜࢵࢺࢆ⏝ࡋࡓࠋࢦࢽ࣓࣮࢜ࢱ㸦2ȟ㸧ࡢᅇ㌿ࡣࢫࢸࢵࣉゅ 0.02 degࠊ⛣ື㏿ᗘ 1.0 deg/min ࡋࠊ10㹼80 deg ࡢ⠊ᅖࡘ࠸࡚ᅇᢡࣉࣟࣇࣝࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋࢧࣥࣉࣝࡢタ⨨ࡣࠊᅗ 6 ♧ ࡍ࠾ࡾタ⨨ࡋࡓࠋᅗ୰ࡢᯟ࡛ᅖࡲࢀࡓ㡿ᇦࡀᴫࡡ ᐃ⠊ᅖ࡞ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ ᐃࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ X ⥺ ᅇᢡࣉࣟࣇࣝࡣࠊࣇ࣮ࣜࢯࣇࢺ㸦PatView㸵㸧㸧ࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊࣂࢵࢡࢢࣛ࢘ࣥࢻࡢ㝖ཤࠊKȘ 2㝖ཤࠊ ࣆ࣮ࢡࢧ࣮ࢳࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᚓࡽࢀࡓࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database㸸AMCSD 㸶㸧
㘓ࡉࢀࡓⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࡢࣛࢦࢼࢺ࡞ࡽࡧ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࡢࣆ࣮ࢡẚ㍑᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
(a) Left shell (b) Right shell Fig.3 The Shells of Mizuhopecten yessoensis
(a) Left shell (b) Right shell Fig.4 Sampling position and shape of sample
Inside Inside
Outside Outside
Fig.5 XRD measurement equipment. Fig.6 Example of sample setting 㸬 ᐃ⤖ᯝ ᯞࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ ᯞࢧࣥࢦࡢ X ⥺ᅇᢡࣉࣟࣇࣝࢆᅗ 7 ♧ࡍࠋࡲࡓᅗࡣࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ AMCSD ࠶ࡿ⢊ᮎࣛ ࢦࢼࢺࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡘ࠸࡚ࠊྛ ᐃሙᡤࡢ㸦㸯㸯㸯㸧ᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࢆ 100%ᇶ‽ࡋࡓࣆ࣮ࢡᙉᗘẚࡶ ♧ࡋࡓ㸷㸧ࠋ ᐃࡉࢀࡓᅇᢡࣉࣟࣇࣝࡀࡇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡᙉᗘẚࡰ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࢀࡤࠊ ᐃヨᩱࡣࣛࢦ ࢼࢺࡢ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓ⤖ᬗ᪉ࡀࣛࣥࢲ࣒㓄ྥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆពࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ 7 ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ᰿ᮏഃࡢ Position 1 ᯞࡀศᯞࡍࡿ๓ࡢ Position 2 ࡢࣉࣟࣇࣝࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠊ୧⪅ࡣࡰ➼ࡋࡃࡘ ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫグ㍕ࡉࢀࡓ⢊ᮎヨᩱࡢᙉᗘẚࡶᴫࡡ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᅇᢡゅ 42.94 deg ࠾ࡅ ࡿ㸦㸰㸰㸮㸧㠃ࡽࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࠊᅇᢡゅ 45.90 deg ࠾ࡅࡿ㸦㸰㸰㸯㸧㠃ࡽࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀࠊ⢊ ᮎヨᩱࡢࡶࡢࡼࡾࡸࡸ㧗ࡵࡢ್࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇࡣࠊX ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃ⟠ᡤࡣ㸦㸰㸰㸮㸧ࡲࡓࡣ㸦㸰 㸰㸯㸧ࡢ᪉ࢆᣢࡗࡓ⤖ᬗࡀࠊ㏻ᖖࡼࡾከࡃᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆពࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ48 deg ㏆ࡢࣆ ࣮ࢡࡶ⢊ᮎヨᩱࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡼࡾ㧗ࡵ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ㏆᥋ࡍࡿࡘࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ㸦㸮㸲㸯㸧㸸48.35 degࠊ㸦㸰㸮 㸰㸧㸸48.51 degࠊࡀ㔜࡞ࡾྜࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㓄ྥࡢᙳ㡪࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ⥆࠸࡚ࠊPosition 1 ࠾ࡼࡧ Position 2 ࡢᘏ㛗࡛࠶ࡾࠊศᯞᚋࡢ Position 3 ╔┠ࡍࡿࠊయⓗ࡞ഴྥࡣ Position 2 㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᅇᢡࣉ ࣟࣇࣝࡢ 42.06 degࠊ62.70 deg ࠾ࡼࡧ 75.16 deg ࠊᅗ୰[A]࡛♧ࡍࡼ࠺᪂ࡓ࡞ࣆ࣮ࢡࢆ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡓࡔࡋࡇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣࠊࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ୍⮴ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡣࠊPosition 2 ࡛ࡶࢃࡎ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡉࡽศᯞࡋࡓᚋࡢඛ➃ഃࡢ Position 5 ࠾࠸࡚ࡑࡢᙉᗘࡀ୍ẁ㧗ࡃ࡞ ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊࡇࡢᯞࢧࣥࢦࡢඛ➃㏆ࡣࠊୖ㏙ࡢ 3 ࡘࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࢆᣢࡘ⤖ᬗࡢ≀㉁ࡀᏑᅾ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊศᯞࡋࡓṧࡾࡢඛ➃ഃ㸦Position 4㸧࡛ࡣࠊᅗ୰[B]࡛♧ࡋࡓࣆ࣮ࢡࡀㄆࡵ ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ୍ぢࡍࡿඛࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ[A]ྠ⨨ࡢࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡ 㠃㸦㸰㸰㸮㸧㸸42.94 degࠊ㸦㸯㸳㸯㸧㸸63.39 degࠊ㸦㸲㸮㸮㸧㸸76.85 deg ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࡇࡢ᪂ ࡓ⏕ࡌࡓࣆ࣮ࢡ[A]ࡣࠊࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡ㠃㸦㸰㸰㸮㸧ࠊ㸦㸯㸳㸯㸧ࠊ㸦㸲㸮㸮㸧ࡢ୕ࡘࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀపゅ ᗘഃࢩࣇࢺࡋࡓࡶࡢ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
Coral
Fig.7 XRD profiles of Acropora intermedia as shown in Fig.2(a).
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[ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] (1 1 1) (2 2 0) (2 2 1) (0 4 1) (2 0 2) (1 5 1) (2 2 0) (2 0 4) (4 0 0)0.5
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࣍ࢱࢸ㈅Ẇ ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅Ẇ㸦ᕥẆ㸧 ᕥẆࡢ X ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ 8 ♧ࡍࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᚤᑠ࡞ࣆ࣮ࢡࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᅇᢡᙉᗘࡀ 0~10000cps ࡲ࡛ࢆᣑࡋ࡚♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅇᢡࣉࣟࣇࣝࡣ AMCSD ࠾ࡅࡿࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡ ゅ㸷㸧ࠊ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࡢᅇᢡゅ㸯㸮㸧ࡘ࠸࡚♧ࡋࡓࠋᕥẆ࡛ࡣ ᐃ⨨ A-2 ࠾ࡼࡧ A-3 ㈅ᰕࡀ╔ࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋ⼖ࡘࡀ࠸㒊ศ᭱ࡶ㏆࠸ ᐃ⨨ࠕA-1ࠖ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࡢ⤖ᬗ᱁Ꮚ㸦㸯㸮㸲㸧㸸29.42 deg ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀࡢᅇᢡ㠃ẚ࡚㢧ⴭᙉࡃࠊ⥆࠸࡚㸦㸮㸯㸶㸧㸸47.54 deg ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ㸦㸮㸯 㸶㸧ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫẚ࡚㢧ⴭ㧗࠸ࡇࡽࠊ㈅Ẇෆ㒊ࡢ⼖ࡘࡀ࠸㏆ࡃࡣࡇࡢ᪉ྥ⤖ᬗ ࡀ㓄ྥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ77 deg ㏆ࡶᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ⨨࡛ࡣ࢝ࣝࢧ ࢺ㸦㸯㸰㸶㸧㸸72.95 deg 」ᩘࡢࣛࢦࢼࢺᅇᢡ㠃ࡀ㞄᥋ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࢝ࣝࢧࢺ㸦㸯㸰㸶㸧ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ ᙉᗘẚࡀ㠀ᖖᑠࡉ࠸ࡇࢆ⪃៖ࡍࢀࡤࠊ࠾ࡑࡽࡃࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡔᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ58deg ㏆ࡣࠊAMCSD グ㍕ࡉࢀࡓࣛࢦࢼࢺ࡞ࡽࡧ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࡢᅇᢡゅࡣ୍⮴ࡋ࡞࠸ࣆ࣮ࢡࡀᏑ ᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⨨ࡽ㈅ᰕࡢ╔㒊ศ㸦 ᐃ⨨ A-2 ࠾ࡼࡧ A-3㸧⛣⾜ࡍࡿࠊᅇᢡࣉࣟࣇ ࣝࡣࡁࡃኚࡍࡿࠋ࢝ࣝࢧࢺ㸦㸯㸮㸲㸧ࠊ㸦㸮㸯㸶㸧ࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡣᅗ୰ࡢᯟෆ࡛♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺㢧ⴭ ῶᑡࡋࠊࡑࡢ௦ࢃࡾࣛࢦࢼࢺ㸦㸮㸮㸰㸧㸸31.17 deg ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ㢧ⴭ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡉࡁࡢ 58deg ㏆ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡶᾘ⁛ࡋࡓࠋ ᐃ⨨ࡀඛ➃ഃࡢ A-4 ࡞ࡿ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ ࡀΰᅾࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡿࡀࠊ ᐃ⨨ A-5 ࡞ࡿࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ 37 deg 77 deg ㏆ࡢ ࡶࡢࢆ㝖ࡁぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ㈅ᰕࡢ╔ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ ᐃ⨨ B ࢆࡳࡿࠊ ᐃ⨨ࡼࡽࡎ㢮 ఝࡢᅇᢡࣉࣟࣇࣝ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡉࡁࡢ 58 deg ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡶ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ ࡢ୰࡛≉ὀ┠ࡋࡓ࠸ࡢࡣࠊ47 deg ㏆ࡢ㸦㸮㸯㸶㸧࠾ࡼࡧ㸦㸯㸯㸴㸧ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ ඛ➃㏆࡙ࡃᚑ࠸ῶᑡࡍࡿഴྥ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ ᐃ⨨ AࠊB ࡶ 77 deg ㏆ࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡣࣛࢦ ࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊA-1 ࠾ࡼࡧ B-1 ࡛ࡣࠊపゅᗘഃ͆Unknown peak͇࡛♧ࡋࡓࣆ࣮ࢡ ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅Ẇ㸦ྑẆ㸧 ⥆࠸࡚ྑẆࡢ X ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ 9 ♧ࡍࠋ㈅ᰕࡢ╔⨨ࡣ ᐃ⨨ C-2 ࠾ࡼࡧ C-3 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋྑ Ẇ࠾࠸࡚ࡶᕥẆࡢ ᐃ⨨ A-2ࠊA-3 ྠᵝ㈅ᰕ╔㒊ศࡢ࢝ࣝࢧࢺ㸦㸯㸮㸲㸧ࠊ㸦㸮㸯㸶㸧ࡢᅇ ᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ㢧ⴭῶᑡࡋࠊࡑࡢ௦ࢃࡾࣛࢦࢼࢺ㸦㸮㸮㸰㸧㸸31.17 deg ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ㢧ⴭ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ ഴྥࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊྑẆࡢ࠺ࡀࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀከ࠸ഴྥ࠶ࡿࠋ㈅ᰕࡢ╔ࡋ ࡚࠸࡞࠸ ᐃ⨨ D ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡞ഴྥࡣᕥẆࡢ ᐃ⨨ B ྠࡌ࡛ࠊࢇ࢝ࣝࢧࢺ⤖ᬗ ࡢᅇᢡ㠃ࡽࡢᅇᢡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ ᐃ⨨ࡼࡿ 47 deg ㏆ࡢ㸦㸮㸯㸶㸧࠾ࡼࡧ㸦㸯㸯㸴㸧ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ ࡢኚࡶ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྑẆ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ ᐃ⨨ CࠊD ࡼࡽࡎࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡᛮࢃࢀࡿ 77 deg ㏆ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ╔┠ࡍࡿࠊC-1 ࠾ࡼࡧ D-1 ࡛ࡣపゅᗘഃࡶ࠺ࡦࡘࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ⌧ࢀࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ ࡼࡃぢࡿ 42 deg ㏆࠶ࡿᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡣࠊ⼖ࡘࡀ࠸㏆ഐࡢ C-1 ࠾ࡼࡧ D-1 ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ͆Unknown peak͇ ࡛♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺ⱝᖸపゅᗘഃࢩࣇࢺࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
Fig.8 XRD profiles of Mizuhopecten yessoensis (Left shell) 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 5000 10000 In te n sit y / cp s B-2 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 5000 10000 In te n si ty / c p s B-3 20 30 40 0 60 0 80 0 5000 10000 In te ns it y / c p s B-4 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 5000 10000 In te n si ty / c p s B-5 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 0 0 A-2 0 0 0 A-3 0 0 0 A-4 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 0 0 A-5 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 5000 10000 2 / deg In te n sity / c p s A-1 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 5000 10000 2 / deg In te n si ty / cp s B-1 Aragonite Calcite Aragonite Calcite C(104) C(018) A(002) C C C A A A C C A C A A C A C C C(018) C(116) C(116) Unknown peak Unknown peak A
Fig.9 XRD profiles of Mizuhopecten yessoensis (Right shell) 0 0 0 D-2 0 0 0 D-3 0 0 D-4 20 30 40 0 60 0 80 0 0 0 D-5 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 5000 10000 2 / deg In te n sity / c p s D-1 0 5000 10000 In te n si ty / c p s C-5 20 30 40 0 60 0 80 0 5000 10000 In te nsi ty / cps C-4 20 30 40 0 60 0 80 0 5000 10000 In te n sity / c p s C-3 0 5000 10000 In te n sity / c p s C-2 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 5000 10000 2 / deg In te n si ty / c p s C-1 Aragonite Calcite Aragonite Calcite C(104) C(018) A(002) A A C C(018) C(116) C(116) Unknown peak Unknown peak C(104)
㸬⪃ᐹ ᯞࢧࣥࢦࡢ㦵᱁࡞ࡽࡧ࣍ࢱࢸࡢ㈅Ẇࢆ X ⥺ᅇᢡࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅Ẇࡣ ᐃ⟠ᡤࡼࡗ࡚࢝ࣝࢧ ࢺ⤖ᬗࣛࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗࡢΰྜ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᯞࢧࣥࢦࡣ ᐃ⟠ᡤࡼࡽࡎࣛࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗ࡛࠶ ࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓࠋࡋࡋᯞࢧࣥࢦࡢ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᅗ 7 ࡢ[A]࡛♧ࡋࡓࣆ࣮ࢡࡢࡼ࠺ࣛ ࢦࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡ㠃ᒓࡉ࡞࠸ゅᗘࡽࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣᮏ᮶ࠊᅗ୰[B]࡛♧ࡋࡓ ࣛࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗࡢ㸦㸰㸰㸮㸧ࠊ㸦㸯㸳㸯㸧ࠊ㸦㸲㸮㸮㸧ࡽࡢᅇᢡࡔᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊఱࡽࡢᙳ㡪ࡼࡾ ୍㒊ࡢ⤖ᬗࡢᅇᢡゅࡀపゅᗘഃࢩࣇࢺࡋࡓࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᯞࢧࣥࢦࡢඛ➃㏆ഐ࡛⌧㇟ࡀほᐹࡉࢀ ࡓ࠸࠺ࡇࡣࠊࣛࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚ࡽᮇ㛫ࡀ⤒ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢧࣥࢦࡢ 㦵᱁ᙧᡂ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࠋࡉࡽࠊࣛࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗࡢᅇᢡゅࡢపゅᗘഃࡢኚࡣࠊ࣍ ࢱࢸ㈅Ẇࡢ⼖ࡘࡀ࠸㏆ࡢᅇᢡࣉࣟࣇࣝ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ͆Unknown peak͇࡛♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺ほᐹࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅ࡢ㈅Ẇᡂ㛗ࡀࠊᅇࡢ ᐃ⨨ A-1ࠊB-1ࠊC-1ࠊD-1 ㏆ࡽⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࡢ⤖ᬗࢆᙧ ᡂࡍࡿࡍࢀࡤࠊᯞࢧࣥࢦྠᵝࠊᅇᢡゅࡢపゅᗘഃࡢࢩࣇࢺࡣ㈅Ẇᙧᡂ㛵㐃ࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ ࡿࠋ 㹖⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃ࡛ࡣࠊᅇᢡゅࡀୗグࡢࣈࣛࢵࢢࡢᅇᢡ᮲௳ᚑ࠺ࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸯㸯㸧ࠋ
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(1) ࡇࡇ࡛ d㸸᱁Ꮚ㠃㛫㝸ࠊȟ㸸ࣈࣛࢵࢢゅ㸦㸻ධᑕゅ㸻ᑕゅ㸧ࠊȢ㸸X ⥺Ἴ㛗ࠊn㸸ᑕḟᩘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ゅᗘȟࡀపゅഃࢩࣇࢺࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣࠊ⤖ᬗ᱁Ꮚ㛫㝸 d ࡀࡁࡃ࡞ࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊⅣ 㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ CaCO3ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿཎᏊࡢࢀࡀࡢཎᏊ⨨ࡉࢀࡓࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣࡢཎᏊࡀཎᏊ㛫 ධࡾ㎸ࢇ࡛⤖ᬗ᱁Ꮚ㛫㝸ࡀᗈࡀࡗࡓࡢࡕࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡢᩥ⊩ࡼࡿࠊᾏỈ୰ྵࡲࢀࡿ Ca ௨ እࡢཎᏊࡀࠊCa ཎᏊ⨨ࡍࡿࡇ࡛Ⅳ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࡢᙧᡂᙳ㡪ࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸯㸰㸧ࠋ࠼ࡤࠊ Mg ཎᏊ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊCa Mg ࡢ mol ẚࡀࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡢᙧᡂᙳ㡪ࢆ࠾ࡼࡰࡋࠊMg ࡢྜࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ ࡿࣛࢦࢼࢺ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࢆඃඛⓗᙧᡂࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ㸯㸱㸧ࠋ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࡢᙧᡂ㛵ࡋ࡚ ࡣࠊ࢝ࣝࢧࢺࡢᅇᢡ㠃࡛࠶ࡿ㸦㸯㸮㸲㸧㸸29.42 deg ὀ┠ࡍࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࠋᅗ 7 ♧ࡋࡓࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡢ ᅇᢡࣉࣟࣇ࡛ࣝࡑࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࠊ ᐃ⨨ࡼࡽࡎ㠀ᖖࢃࡎ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ 30 deg ㏆ᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ☜ Mg ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡀ࠶ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ㔞ࡣࡈࡃࢃࡎ⪃࠼ ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊMg ࡢཎᏊ␒ྕࡣ 12 ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ Ca ࡢ 20 ࡼࡾᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵཎᏊ༙ᚄࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࠋࡍ ࡞ࢃࡕࠊCa ࡢ Mg ࡢ⨨ࡣࣆ࣮ࢡࢆ㧗ゅᗘഃࢩࣇࢺࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡞ࡾࠊపゅᗘഃࢩࣇࢺࡉࡏࡿࡇ ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ᾏỈ୰ྵࡲࢀࡿཎᏊࡢ୰࡛ࡶࠊ⏕≀ࡀⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㝿ࡁࡃ㛵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡋ࡚ὀ ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀࢫࢺࣟࣥࢳ࣒࢘ Sr ࡛࠶ࡿ㸯㸲㸧㹼㸯㸴㸧ࠋSr ࡣ Ca ࡼࡾཎᏊ༙ᚄࡀࡁ࠸ࡶࢃࡽࡎࠊ Ca ᐜ᫆⨨ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊࡲࡓ⨨㔞ࡀỈ ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸯㸳㸧ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊࢧ ࣥࢦ㦵᱁ෆྵࡲࢀࡿ Sr ࡢྠయࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ᙧᡂࡢỈ ࡸ㓟Ⅳ⣲㔞ࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㐣ཤࡢᆅ⌫⎔ቃࢆ᥎ ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᣦᶆ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋAMCSD ࠾ࡅࡿ Sr ࢆྵ ࡴࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿ㸯㸵㸧ࠊ㸦㸰㸰㸮㸧ᅇᢡ㠃ᑐࡋ࡚ 42.97 deg ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⣧⢋࡞
ࣛࢦࢼࢺࡢ 42.94 deg ẚ࡚ࢇᕪࡀ࡞࠸ࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊAMCSD ྵࡲࢀࡿ Strontianite (SrCO3)ࡢ 㸦㸰㸰㸮㸧ᅇᢡ㠃ᑐࡍࡿᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ 41.55 deg ࡛࠶ࡾ㸯㸶㸧ࠊࣛࢦࢼࢺẚ࡚ࢃࡎపゅᗘഃ ࢩࣇࢺࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࢫࢺࣟࣥࢳ࣒࢘ࡢᙳ㡪ࡼࡿᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡢኚࢆ㚷ࡳࢀࡤࠊᮏ◊✲⤖ᯝࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺⪃࠼ࡽࢀ ࡿࠋ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅Ẇࡢ⼖ࡘࡀ࠸㏆࠾ࡼࡧᯞࢧࣥࢦࡢඛ➃㏆ഐ㸦Position 5㸧࡛ࡢ XRD ᐃ⤖ᯝ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ 42 deg ㏆࠶ࡿᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀపゅᗘഃ⛣ືࡋࡓ⌮⏤ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ 77 deg ㏆࡛ࡣపゅᗘഃࡢ ⛣ືࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣ᪂ࡓ࡞ࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ⌮⏤ࡋ࡚ࠊᾏỈ୰࡛⏕≀ࡀⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ㝿 Sr ࢆྲྀࡾ㎸ࢇ࡛ Strontianite (SrCO3)ࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓࡓࡵ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ≉ᯞࢧࣥࢦࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࣛࢦࢼࢺ ࡣ⧄⥔≧㸦ࡶࡋࡃࡣ㔪≧㸧࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸯㸴㸧ࠊ≉ᐃࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ⌮⏤ࡣ⏕ᡂ ึᮇ≉ᐃࡢ᪉ྥ㓄ྥࡋࡓࡓࡵ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡋࡇࡢᅇᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡣᯞࢧࣥࢦࡢඛ➃ࡽ㐲ࡊࡿ ᚑࡗ࡚ᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊᡂ㛗ࡍࡿᚑࡗ࡚ࡇࡢึᮇࡢ⧄⥔≧⤖ᬗ㛫ࡢ✵㝽ࢆᇙࡵࡿࡼ࠺ ࣛࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡶࠊ⤖ᬗࡢᅇ㌿ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᯞࢧࣥࢦࡢඛ➃㏆࡛ ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊPosition 4 ࡛ࡣ≉ᐃࡢᅇᢡ㠃ࡽࡢࣆ࣮ࢡᙉᗘࡀቑຍࡋࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊపゅᗘഃࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡢࢩࣇ ࢺࢆ⏕ࡌ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢᯞඛ➃࡛ࡣ Strontianite (SrCO3)࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊCa Sr ࡢΰᅾࡋࡓ Aragonite ࢆᙧᡂ ࡋࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᚋࠊࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝᩘࢆቑࡸࡍࡶࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ศᩓᆺ X ⥺ศᯒ㸦Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry㸸EDX㸧࡞ࢆ⏝࠸࡚᭦࡞ࡿ᳨ウࢆヨࡳࡿࠋ
⤖ ゝ ᯞࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡢ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ㄪᰝࡢ୍⎔ࡋ࡚ࠊⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࢆᡂศࡍࡿ㦵᱁ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࢺࢤࢫࢠ ࣑ࢻࣜࢩ㸦Acropora intermedia㸧ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ㦵᱁ࡢ X ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵࠊ Ⅳ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࢆᡂศࡍࡿ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅㸦Mizuhopecten yessoensis㸧ࡢ㈅Ẇᑐࡋ࡚ࡶྠᵝࡢ X ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ௨ୗࡢࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 1㸬ࢺࢤࢫࢠ࣑ࢻࣜࢩࡢ㦵᱁ࡣࠊ‽Ᏻᐃࡢࣛࢦࢼࢺᵓ㐀ࡼࡤࢀࡿⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࡛࢘࠶ࡾࠊᏳ ᐃࡢ࢝ࣝࢧࢺᵓ㐀࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋඛ➃㒊ศ㏆࠸≉ᐃࡢ⤖ᬗ᪉㓄ྥࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ 2㸬࣍ࢱࢸ㈅ࡢ㈅Ẇࡣࡋ࡚࢝ࣝࢧࢺᵓ㐀ࡢ⤖ᬗ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࣛࢦࢼࢺᵓ㐀ࡢ⤖ᬗࡢΰྜ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋ㈅ᰕࡢ╔ࡍࡿ㡿ᇦࡣࠊࡋ࡚ࣛࢦࢼࢺᵓ㐀࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡢ㡿ᇦࡣ᫂ࡽ␗࡞ࡿࠋ 3㸬ࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡢඛ➃㏆ഐࠊ࣍ࢱࢸ㈅Ẇࡢ⼖ࡘࡀ࠸㏆ഐ࡛ࡣࠊ≉ᐃࡢࣛࢦࢼࢺ⤖ᬗ᪉ࡽࡢᅇ ᢡࣆ࣮ࢡࡀࠊపゅᗘഃࢃࡎࢩࣇࢺࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ⌮⏤ࡣࠊᩥ⊩࡞ࡽࢫࢺࣟࣥࢳ࣒࢘ࡢᙳ㡪 ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ 㸯㸧㕥ᮌ῟ࠊୖ㯞ኤ㔛ࠊ㐀♋ࢧࣥࢦ㢮ࡢ▼⅊ᶵᵓᆅ⌫⎔ቃኚືᑐࡍࡿᛂ⟅ࠊᾏࡢ◊✲ࠊ21㸦5㸧ࠊ 177㸫188ࠊ㸦2012㸧
㸰㸧బ⸨ᩄᙪࠊࢧࣥࢦ(Scleractinia)ࡢ㦵᱁ࡢᚤ⣽ᵓ㐀 : ࡑࡢ 1. 㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾ࡼࡿほᐹࠊᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫࠊ66ࠊ 8C㸫14ࠊ㸦1963㸧 㸱㸧㐲⸨୍ెࠊ࢝ࣝࢧࢺ㸫ࣛࢦࢼࢺၥ㢟ࠖᣮࡴ㹼ศᏊ⏕≀Ꮫ࡛㏕ࡿ⏕య㖔≀Ꮫ᭱ࡢ㞴ၥ㹼ࠊ JGLࠊ4㸦4㸧ࠊ6㸫7ࠊ㸦2008㸧 㸲㸧ୖ㔛ඃ㈗ࠊᨻᮌΎᏕࠊ☾ᮧᑦᏊࠊᒣᮏᗈ⨾ࠊᯞࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁ࡢ᭤ࡆ≉ᛶෆ㒊ᵓ㐀ࡢ┦㛵ᛶࡢㄪᰝࠊ ᪥ᮏᶵᲔᏛ ᮦᩱຊᏛ㒊㛛࢝ࣥࣇࣞࣥࢫ㸦M&M'14㸧ㅮ₇ㄽᩥ㞟㸪CD-ROMࠊNo.GS23, 1㸫4㸦2014㸧. 㸳㸧ୖ㔛ඃ㈗ࠊᨻᮌΎᏕࠊ☾ᮧᑦᏊࠊᒣᮏᗈ⨾ࠊᯞࢧࣥࢦࡢᅄⅬ᭤ࡆᙉᗘ≉ᛶࠊ᪥ᮏᮦᩱᏛ ಙ㢗ᛶ࣭ ◚ቯྜྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ㅮ₇ㄽᩥ㞟ࠊ114㸫117ࠊ㸦2013㸧 㸴㸧ୖ㯞ኤ㔛ࠊ⎔ቃᣦᶆࡋ࡚ࡢࢧࣥࢦ㦵᱁୰ࡢᚤ㔞ඖ⣲ࡑࡢኚື࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢゎ᫂ྥࡅ࡚ࠊᾏ ࡢ◊✲ࠊ21㸦5㸧ࠊ159㸫175ࠊ㸦2012㸧 㸵㸧http://mukiken.eng.niigata-u.ac.jp/chemsoft/x-raysoft/PatViewHelp.html 㸶㸧http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/AMS/amcsd.php
㸷㸧http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/AMS/amcsd.php (Dal Negro A, Ungaretti L, American Mineralogist 56,768-772 (1971))
㸯㸮㸧http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/AMS/amcsd.php (Graf D L, American Mineralogist 46, 1283-1316 (1961)) 㸯㸯㸧W.D.࢟ࣕࣜࢫࢱ࣮ࠊᮦᩱࡢ⛉ᏛᕤᏛ [1] ᮦᩱࡢᚤ⣽ᵓ㐀ࠊᇵ㢼㤋ࠊ62㸫67ࠊ㸦2002㸧
㸯㸰㸧ᮧගᏕࠊⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘⤖ᬗከᙧࡢᯒฟᣲືཬࡰࡍῧຍ≀ຠᯝࠊ᪥ᮏᾏỈᏛㄅࠊ53㸦3㸧ࠊ 162㸫165ࠊ(1999)
㸯㸱㸧Higuchi TࠊFujimura HࠊYuyama IࠊHarii SࠊAgostini Sࠊet al.ࠊBiotic Control of Skeletal Growth by Scleractinian Corals in Aragonite̽Calcite SeasࠊPLoSONEࠊ9(3)ࠊe91021. doi:10.1371㸦2014㸧
㸯㸲㸧Anja ReitzࠊGert J. de Langeࠊ Abundant Sr-rich aragonite in eastern Mediterranean sapropel S1: Diagenetic vs. detrital/biogenic originࠊPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecologyࠊ235ࠊ135㸫148㸦2006㸧 㸯㸳㸧N. AllisonࠊA.A. FinchࠊS.R. SuttonࠊM. NewvilleࠊStrontium heterogeneity and speciation in coral aragonite: implications for the strontium paleothermometerࠊGeochimica et Cosmochimica Actaࠊ65㸦16㸧ࠊ2669 㸫2676㸦2001㸧
㸯㸴㸧Michael HolcombࠊAnne L. CohenࠊRinat I. GabitovࠊJeffrey L. HutterࠊCompositional and morphological features of aragonite precipitated experimentally from seawater and biogenically by coralsࠊGeochimica et Cosmochimica Actaࠊ73㸦14-15㸧ࠊ4166㸫4179㸦2009㸧
㸯㸵㸧http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/AMS/amcsd.php (Ye Y, Smyth J R, Boni P, American Mineralogist 97, 707-712 (2012))
㸯㸶㸧http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/AMS/amcsd.php (de Villiers J P R, American Mineralogist 56, 758-767 (1971))
X-Ray diffraction measurement of marine-derived calcium carbonate
Kiyotaka Masaki㸯, Naoko Isomura㸰, Hiromi Yamamoto㸱
㸯Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, 㸰Department of Bioresources Engineering㸪 㸱Okinawa Churashima Foundation㸪
X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD) were obtained for the skeleton of an Acropora intermedia specimen and the shell of a Mizuhopecten yessoensis specimen in order to investigate the crystal structure of marine-derived calcium carbonate. The results implied the following conclusions. (1)The skeleton of Acropora intermedia is composed of aragonite, which is a metastable crystal. It is also oriented along a specific direction located at or near the tip. (2) The shell of Mizuhopecten yessoensis is composed of both calcite, which is stable crystal, and aragonite crystal. The region containing the scallop adductor is primarily composed of a structure formed of aragonite crystal. (3) The diffraction angles of certain aragonite crystal planes were shifted toward lower angles near the tip of the skeleton or the hinge of the shell. This result suggests the influence of strontium present in the specimens.
Key word: Calcium carbonate, X-Ray diffraction method, Aragonite, Calcite, Acropora intermedia,
Mizuhopecten yessoensis
