中国核実験と佐藤政権期の対応に関する一考察

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中国核実験と佐藤政権期の対応に関する一考察

―1960 年代の内閣調査室核保有研究を中心に―

岸俊光

Sato Administration’s Reaction to the Chinese Nuclear Test:

Examination of Nuclear Scenarios by the Cabinet Research Office in the 1960s

Abstract

China’s first nuclear test in 1964 exerted grave effects on the security policy of Japan. Japanese Prime Minister Eisaku Sato, who was inaugurated soon after the test, felt a sense of crisis. Under his administration, some government agencies investigated the possibility of Japan’s armament with nuclear weapons. U.S.

President Lyndon B.Johnson was concerned about the possibility that China’s nuclear test might trigger the nuclear developments in India, West Germany, and Japan.

This paper will describe the government-commissioned researches at the Cabinet Research Office (predecessor to the current Cabinet Intelligence and Research Office) of Japan. The persons in charge of the research included specialists in international politics who were close to the Sato’s regime, e.g. Kei Wakaizumi, who was Sato’s personal envoy during the negotiations on the reversion of Okinawa, and Yonosuke Nagai, Professor of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, and others. Many reports expressed the opinion that Japan should not be armed with nuclear weapons, but should develop its nuclear capabilities.

That opinion was finalized in the late 1960s. Sato disclosed in December 1967 the Three Non-Nuclear Principles (3NNP) which prohibit Japan the possession and production of nuclear weapons, and their introduction into Japan as well.

Additionally, Sato introduced in January 1968 another nuclear policy called the

“Four Pillars of the Nuclear Policy” because of his concern that the 3NNP might impose an overly strong restraint on Japan’s defense capabilities. It contains (1) 3NNP, (2) the promotion of the use of nuclear power for peaceful purposes, (3) the global nuclear disarmament, and (4) Japan’s reliance on the U.S. nuclear deterrent capability for the protection of Japan from nuclear attacks. The Japanese government emphasized that Japan was protected under the American ‘nuclear umbrella’ and the modified 3NNP, which led Japan along the path to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT).

Although there is no direct correlation between the specialists’ reports and the Japan’s nuclear policy of 1967-68, the specialists’ reports might have provided the

justifications to the nuclear policy of Japan.

᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔࢔ࢪ࢔ኴᖹὒ◊✲⛉༤ኈᚋᮇㄢ⛬㸸Graduate school of Asia-Pacific Studies, Waseda University, Doctral Degree Program

Correspondence to: Toshimitsu Kishi, [email protected]

No.30 (2015.9) pp.21-39

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ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

ᮏ✏ࡣࠊ1964ᖺ10᭶ࡢ୰ᅜ᰾ᐇ㦂ᚋ࡟బ⸨ᰤసෆ㛶ࡢୗ࡛ෆ㛶ㄪᰝᐊ㸦⌧࣭ෆ㛶᝟ሗㄪᰝᐊ㸧 ࡀ⾜ࡗࡓ᰾㛤Ⓨ◊✲࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࠊࡑࡢពᅗࡸᨻᶒ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋబ⸨ᨻ ᶒ ᮇ ࡣ ࠊ 㠀 ᰾ ୕ ཎ ๎ ࡢ ⾲ ᫂ ࠊ ᰾ ᢤ ࡁ ࣭ ᮏ ᅵ ୪ ࡳ ࡢ Ἀ ⦖ ㏉㑏 ࠊ ᰾ ୙ ᣑ ᩓ ᮲ ⣙ 㸦Nuclear

Non-Proliferation Treaty: NPT㸧ࡢ⨫ྡ࡜ࠊ⌧௦࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ᪥ᮏࡢ㠀᰾ᨻ⟇ࡀḟࠎ࡟Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡓ

㔜せ࡞᫬ᮇ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋෆ㛶ㄪᰝᐊ㸦௨ୗࠊෆㄪ㸧ࡀబ⸨ࣈ࣮ࣞࣥࡢ◊✲⪅࡟᪥ᮏࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡢྍ⬟

ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ጤკࡋࡓᮍබ㛤㈨ᩱࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ୍㐃ࡢ㠀᰾ᨻ⟇࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

బ⸨ᨻᶒୗ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓ᰾◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊෆㄪࡀ୺ᑟࡋࡓ◊✲ࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊእົ┬ᖿ㒊⫋ဨ࡟ࡼࡿ

እ஺ᨻ⟇௻⏬ጤဨ఍࡛ࡢ㆟ㄽࠊ㜵⾨ᗇ࡟㏆࠸⚾ⓗ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࠕᏳ඲ಖ㞀ㄪᰝ఍ࠖࡀබ⾲ࡋࡓሗ

࿌᭩࡞࡝ࡀࠊ㏆ᖺ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡛ὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ¹ࠋከࡃࡀ1960ᖺ௦ᚋ༙࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀࡓࡀࠊ㈨ᩱࡀ ಶேⶶࡢࡓࡵධᡭࡀ㞴ࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࡾࠊබᩥ᭩ࡀ༑ศ࡟ࡣබ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿ஦᝟࠿ࡽࠊ࠸

ࡲࡔᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞◊✲ࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡶෆㄪࡢ◊✲ࡣࠊἈ⦖㏉㑏஺΅࡟㛵୚ࡋࡓⱝἨᩗ

ࡽࡢబ⸨ࣈ࣮ࣞࣥࡀᨻ἞ⓗഃ㠃ࠊᢏ⾡ⓗഃ㠃࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋࡓࠊ᭱ࡶᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞ᥦゝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮍබ㛤㈨ᩱ࡟ࡼࡾ◊✲ෆᐜࡢ඲ᐜࡀᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡿ࠺࠼ࠊ⫼ᬒࢆ▱ࡿᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡟࡞ࡿࠊ◊✲ࢆᢸᙜࡋ ࡓෆㄪ⫋ဨࡢ᪥グࡶ฼⏝࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢศ㔝ࡢඛ⾜◊✲ࢆࡳࡿ࡜ࠊෆㄪࡢ◊✲ࠊእົ┬ࡢእ஺ᨻ⟇௻⏬ጤဨ఍ࡢ㆟ㄽࠊ⚾ⓗ◊✲ࢢ

࣮ࣝࣉࠕᏳ඲ಖ㞀ㄪᰝ఍ࠖࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ぢᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢእ஺ᩥ᭩බ㛤ࡣẸ

୺ඪᨻᶒୗࡢ2010ᖺ3᭶࡟እົ┬ࡢࠕ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠗᐦ⣙࠘ၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᭷㆑⪅ጤဨ఍ࠖࡀ஦ᐇୖ

ࠕᐦ⣙ࠖࡢᏑᅾࢆㄆࡵࡿሗ࿌᭩ࢆᥦฟࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛኱ࡁࡃ๓㐍ࡋࡓ²ࠋࡇࢀࢆᶵ࡟ࠊసᡂ࠿ࡽ30ᖺ ௨ୖࢆ⤒㐣ࡋࡓእ஺ᩥ᭩ࢆཎ๎බ㛤ࡍࡿእົ┬ࡢ᪂つ๎ࡀసࡽࢀࠊἈ⦖㏉㑏஺΅ࡢᩥ᭩බ㛤ࡀ㐍

ࢇࡔࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ಖ᭷ࢆ㆟ㄽࡋࡓእ஺ᨻ⟇௻⏬ጤဨ఍ࡢᩥ᭩ࡀ୍㒊㛤♧ࡉࢀࡓࡢࡶ2010ᖺ11᭶࡛

࠶ࡿ³ࠋ᰾රჾࢆࡵࡄࡿ᪥ᮏࡢእ஺ᩥ᭩ࡢබ㛤≧ἣࡣ┦ᙜ࡟ᨵၿࡉࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡾࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢබᩥ᭩

࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ᪥⡿㛵ಀྐࡢ◊✲࡟᪥ᮏࡢどⅬࢆຍ࿡ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ✏ࡀ⏝࠸ࡿ

ෆㄪ◊✲ࡣಶேⶶ࡛࠶ࡾእ஺ᩥ᭩බ㛤࡜┤᥋ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ࿘㎶㈨ᩱࡢ඘ᐇ࡞࡝◊✲⎔ቃࡢዲ

㌿࡟ຓࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿഃ㠃ࡣᑠࡉࡃ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡑࡢⅬ࡛ࡣࠊ㯮ᓮ㍤ࡢ◊✲ࡣ୰ᅜࡢ᰾㛤Ⓨࡀ᪥⡿୧ᨻᗓ࡟୚࠼ࡓᙳ㡪ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓඛ㥑ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ

࡛࠶ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᩥ᭩බ㛤ࡢᜠᜨࢆཷࡅ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ⡿බᩥ᭩୰ᚰࡺ࠼ࡢไ⣙ࡶ࠶ࡿ⁴ࠋྜྷ⏣┿

࿃ࡢ◊✲ࡣ᪥⡿㛫ࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀༠㆟ࡢタ⨨࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥⡿ࡀᙎ㐨ᙎ㏄ᧁ࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝ㸦Anti-Ballistic

Missile :ABM㸧ࡢᥦ౪ࢆ୍᫬᳨ウࡋࡓ㐣⛬ࢆࠊእົ┬ࡢ㛤♧ᩥ᭩࡞࡝ࢆᇶ࡟㏣ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ⁵ࠋ

᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇ࢆ㇟ᚩࡍࡿ㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࡶඛ⾜◊✲ࡣ㝈ࡽࢀࠊ➼㞝୍㑻ࡀᙧᡂ㐣⛬ࢆᅜ఍ࡢ㆟ㄽ࠿ࡽ

1 ࡑࢀ௨እ࡟ࡶࠊ㜵⾨ᗇࡀ1995ᖺ࡟๓ᖺࡢ໭ᮅ㩭᰾༴ᶵࢆཷࡅ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓሗ࿌᭩ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ಖ᭷ࡣ᪥⡿Ᏻಖࡢಙ 㢗ᛶࡸ࿘㎶ㅖᅜࡢಙ⏝ࢆኻ࠸ࠊᨻ἞ⓗ࣭⤒῭ⓗ࡞ࢥࢫࢺࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡞࡝࡜ᣦ᦬ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᅜ┈࡟ࡑࡄࢃ࡞࠸࡜⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅࡓ࡜

ࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊヲ⣽ࡣ୙࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋࠗᮅ᪥᪂⪺࠘2003ᖺ2᭶20᪥ᮅหཧ↷ࠋࡲࡓ୰᭮᰿ᗣᘯࡣ㜵⾨ᗇ㛗ᐁࡔࡗࡓ1970ᖺࠊ ࠕ⌧ᐇࡢᚲせࢆ㞳ࢀࡓヨㄽࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚᰾Ṋ⿦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ⬟ຊࠖࢆෆ㍯࡛◊✲ࡉࡏࠊࠕᙜ᫬ࡢ㔠࡛2000൨෇ࠊ5ᖺ௨ ෆ࡛ฟ᮶ࡿࠖࡀࠊࠕᐇ㦂ሙࡀ࡞࠸ࡢࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟ࠖ࡜ࡢ⤖ㄽ࡟㐩ࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ୰᭮᰿ᗣᘯࠊ2004ࠊࠗ⮬┬㘓 Ṕྐἲᘐࡢ

⿕࿌࡜ࡋ࡚࠘ࠊ᪂₻♫ࠊ223-225㡫ࠋ

2 http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/mitsuyaku/kekka.html㸦2015ᖺ6᭶27᪥࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧

3 http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/kaku_hokoku/kanrenbunsyo.html㸦2015ᖺ6᭶27᪥࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧

4 㯮ᓮ㍤ࠊ2006ࠊࠗ᰾රჾ࡜᪥⡿㛵ಀ ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾୙ᣑᩓእ஺࡜᪥ᮏࡢ㑅ᢥ 1960-1976࠘ࠊ᭷ᚿ⯋ࠋ

5 ྜྷ⏣┿࿃ࠊ2012ࠊࠗ᪥⡿ྠ┕ࡢไᗘ໬ Ⓨᒎ࡜῝໬ࡢṔྐ㐣⛬࠘ࠊྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠋ

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㏣㊧ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡿ⁶ࠋ୍᪉ࠊ㏆ᖺ࡜ࡳ࡟඘ᐇࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡀἈ⦖㏉㑏஺΅࡟బ⸨㤳┦ࡢ ᐦ౑࡜ࡋ࡚῝ࡃ㛵ࢃࡗࡓᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ⪅ࠊⱝἨᩗࡢ◊✲࡛࠶ࡿࠋⱝἨ⮬㌟ࡢⴭసࢆࡣࡌࡵⱝἨࡢ┠

ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚᰾ᐦ⣙ࡸ⧄⥔஺΅࡟㏕ࡿ◊✲ࡀከ࠸ࡀࠊ୰ᅜ᰾ᐇ㦂ࡸ᪥ᮏࡢ㠀᰾ᨻ⟇࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟ࡣ࠶

ࡲࡾㄽཬࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸⁷ࠋబ⸨ᨻᶒᮇࡢἈ⦖㏉㑏஺΅ࡣࠊ᪥⡿ࡢእ஺ᩥ᭩බ㛤ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࠕᐦ⣙ࠖࡢ ᙧᡂ㐣⛬ࢆศᯒࡋࡓ◊✲ࡀཌࡳࢆቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⁸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡕࡽࡶྠ᫬ᮇ࡟బ⸨ࡀ᪉ྥ௜ࡅࡓ㠀᰾

ᨻ⟇ࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝ど㔝࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ

బ⸨ᨻᶒᮇࡣࠊ1970ᖺ࡟ᅛᐃᮇ㝈ࡀ‶஢ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏᅜ࡜࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ྜ⾗ᅜ࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢ┦஫༠ຊཬࡧᏳ

඲ಖ㞀᮲⣙㸦௨ୗࠊ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙㸧ࡢᘏ㛗ၥ㢟㸦70ᖺၥ㢟㸧࡜ࠊᗈᓥ࣭㛗ᓮࡢ⿕⇿య㦂࠿ࡽࡃࡿ

ᅜẸࡢ཯᰾ឤ᝟ࢆ୚௳࡜ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ୰ᅜ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜࠸࠺᪂ࡓ࡞⬣ጾ࡟ᑐฎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㏕ࡽࢀࡓ᫬௦

࡛࠶ࡿࠋబ⸨⮬㌟ࠊ᫬࡟᪥ᮏ᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆࡕࡽࡘ࠿ࡏ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㠀᰾୕ཎ๎࡜࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚṆຊ࡟౫ Ꮡࡍࡿᨻ⟇ࢆᙧసࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊࡲࡎ୰ᅜࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂ࡀㄏᘬ࡜࡞ࡾෆㄪࡢ᰾㛤Ⓨ◊✲ࡀ㐍

ࡵࡽࢀࡿ㐣⛬ࢆ㏣࠸ࠊబ⸨㤳┦ࡀ1960ᖺ௦ࡢᚋ༙࡟⾲᫂ࡋࡓ㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࠊNPTࡢ⨫ྡၥ㢟࡞࡝

࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋෆㄪࡢồࡵ࡟ᛂࡌࡓబ⸨࡟㏆࠸ᑡᩘࡢᨻ἞Ꮫ⪅ࡀࠊ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ┿

๢࡟᳨ウࡋࠊ฼ᐖᚓኻࢆ෭㟼࡟຺᱌ࡋ࡚᪥ᮏࡢ㠀᰾ᨻ⟇ࢆᚋᢲࡋࡋࡓලయⓗ⤒⦋࡜ࡑࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂

ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

㸯㸬᰾ᐇ㦂┤ᚋࡢࠕⱝἨࠖሗ࿌᭩

1964㸦᫛࿴39㸧ᖺ10᭶16᪥ኪࠊ୰ᅜᨻᗓࡣึࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓ࡜Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓ⁹ࠋ᪥ᮏᅜෆ࡛

ࡣࠊ10᭶10᪥࡟㛤఍ࡋࡓᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ㸦➨18ᅇ࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡ➇ᢏ኱఍㸧ࡀ➨7᪥ࢆ㏄࠼

࡚࠸ࡓࠋ୰ᅜࡀ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࠊࢯ㐃ࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫ࡟ḟࡄ5␒┠ࡢ᰾ಖ᭷ᅜ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆཷ

ࡅࠊụ⏣ຬே㤳┦ࡣ㌷஦ⓗほⅬ࠿ࡽࡣࡉ࡯࡝ᚰ㓄ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊᨻ἞ⓗࠊᚰ⌮ⓗᙳ㡪ࡀ࡝

ࡇࡲ࡛ཬࡪ࠿ࡀၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢぢゎࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ィ⏬᥎㐍⪅ࡢ୍ே࡛㌷஦

ホㄽᐙࡢ࢞ࣟ࣡㸦Pierre Marie Gallois㸧ᑗ㌷ࡣࠊ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙࡬ࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ᰾රຊ໬ࡍࡿ

୰ᅜࡢ๓࡟ࡣ᰾රჾࡢ౑⏝ࢆྵࡲ࡞࠸Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜᭷ຠ࡞ಖ㞀࡜ࡣ࡞ࡽ

ࡎࠊ㏆࠸ᑗ᮶࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࡜ಖ㞀ࡢᙧᘧࢆ෌஺΅ࡏࡊࡿࢆ࠼࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺࡜ண᝿ࡋࡓ¹⁰ࠋ

ෆㄪࡢ◊✲ࡣࡲࡎ୰ᅜ᰾ᐇ㦂┤ᚋ࡟ぶ஺ࡢ࠶ࡗࡓᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ⪅㸯ே࡟ጤკࡉࢀࠊ1968ᖺ࠿ࡽࡣ

」ᩘࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡉࡽ࡟ᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞◊✲ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋ

6 http://www.ndl.go.jp/jp/diet/publication/refer/200708_679/067903.pdf#search='%E7%AD%89%E9%9B%84%E4%B 8%80%E9%83%8E' 㸦2015ᖺ6᭶28᪥࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧

7ⱝἨᩗࠊ2009ࠊࠗ௚⟇ࢼ࢝ࣜࢩࣤಙࢮ࣒ࢺḧࢫ ᰾ ᐦ⣙ࡢ┿ᐇ>᪂⿦∧@࠘ࠊᩥⱁ᫓⛅ࠋᚋ⸨஝୍ࠊ2010ࠊࠗࠕἈ⦖᰾ᐦ⣙ࠖ

ࢆ⫼㈇ࡗ࡚ ⱝἨᩗࡢ⏕ᾭ࠘ࠊᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠋ᳃⏣ྜྷᙪࠊ2011ࠊࠗホఏ ⱝἨᩗ ឡᅜࡢᐦ౑࠘ࠊᩥⱁ᫓⛅ࠋಙኵ㝯ྖࠊ2012ࠊ

ࠗⱝἨᩗ࡜᪥⡿ᐦ⣙ Ἀ⦖㏉㑏࡜⧄⥔஺΅ࢆࡵࡄࡿᐦ౑እ஺࠘ࠊ᪥ᮏホㄽ♫ࠋ

8 ᡃ㒊ᨻ᫂ࠊ2007ࠊࠗᡓᚋ᪥⡿㛵ಀ࡜Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀࠘ࠊྜྷᕝᘯᩥ㤋ࠋἼከ㔝⃈㞝ࠊ2010ࠊࠗṔྐ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙ ᶵᐦእ

஺グ㘓ࡀ᫂࠿ࡍࠕᐦ⣙ࠖࡢ⹫ᐇ࠘ࠊᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠋ୰ᓥ⌶☻ࠊ2012ࠊࠗἈ⦖㏉㑏࡜᪥⡿Ᏻಖయไ࠘ࠊ᭷ᩫ㛶ࠋ

9 ࠗᮅ᪥᪂⪺࠘1964ᖺ10᭶17᪥ᮅหࠊࠗẖ᪥᪂⪺࠘1964ᖺ10᭶17᪥ᮅห࡞࡝ࠋᙜ᫬ࡢ୰ᅜ᰾㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣḟࡢᩥ

⊩ࢆཧ↷ࠋ㣤ሯኸᏊࠊ2002ࠊࠕ୰ᅜࡢ᰾㛤Ⓨ࡜ᅜ㝿ᡓ␎ࡢኚ㑄ࠖⱴཎ㑳⏕⦅ⴭࠗ୰ᅜࡢ᰾࣭࣑ࢧ࢖࣭ࣝᏱᐂᡓຊ࠘ࠊ⵬⵬

♫ࠊ153-172㡫ࠋJohn Wilson Lewis and Xue Litai, 1988. China Builds the Bomb, Stanford CA: Stanford University Press.

10 ࠗẖ᪥᪂⪺࠘1964ᖺ1᭶30᪥ࠊ10᭶20᪥ࠊ21᪥ࠊ22᪥ྛᮅหࠋྠ⣬ࣃࣜ≉ὴဨࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࠋ࢞ࣟ࣡ࠊ1964ࠊ ࠕ᰾ᡓ␎࡜୰⣭ᅜᐙࠖࠗ୰ኸබㄽ࠘ࠊ4᭶ྕࠋ࢞ࣟ࣡ࡣ1966ᖺ10᭶࡟୰ᅜࡀ᰾࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝࡢᐇ㦂࡟ᡂຌࡋࠊᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞᰾ಖ

᭷ᅜ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㝿࡟ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏᨻᗓ࡟ᑐࡋ⛎ᐦ⿬࡟᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆಁࡍຓゝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋᮡ⏣ᘯẎࠊ2005ࠊ᳨ࠗド㠀᰾ ࡢ㑅 ᢥ ᰾ ࡢ⌧ሙࢆ㏣࠺࠘ࠊᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊ68㡫ࠋ

(4)

ෆㄪ◊✲࡟╔┠ࡍࡿ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㸦1㸧Ἀ⦖㏉㑏஺΅࡟࠾࠸࡚బ⸨㤳┦ࡢᐦ౑ࢆົࡵࡓⱝἨᩗ

ࡽࡢ࣮࢟ࣃ࣮ࢯࣥࡀ㛵ಀ⪅࡟ྡࢆ㐃ࡡ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ㸦2㸧୰ᅜࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂┤ᚋ࡟⡆᫆࡞ሗ࿌᭩ࡀసᡂ ࡉࢀࠊ᫬㛫ࢆ࠾࠸࡚1968ᖺ࡜1970ᖺࡢ2ᅇ࡟ࢃࡓࡾࠊ〇㐀ࠊ㐠ᦙࠊ⤌⧊ࠊ㈈ᨻࠊᡓ␎ࠊእ஺࣭

ᨻ἞࡜࠸࠺ᗈ⠊࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽㄽࡌࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ㸦3㸧ᐇົࢆᢸᙜࡋࡓ㛵ಀ⪅ࡢ୍ேࡀ೺ᅾ࡛஦᝟

ࢆ⫈ࡅࡿ࠺࠼ࠊሗ࿌᭩ࢆ⿵᏶ࡍࡿࡑࡢ㛵ಀ⪅ࡢ᪥グ㸦ᚿᇉẸ㑻ࡢ᪥グࠊ௨ୗࠕᚿᇉ᪥グࠖ㸧ࡀṧࡉ

ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊᅾ௵⣙7ᖺ8࢝᭶࡟ཬࢇࡔబ⸨ෆ㛶࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊబ⸨ࡢᡭ

࡟࡞ࡿࠗబ⸨ᴿస᪥グ࠘㸦௨ୗࠊࠗబ⸨᪥グ࠘㸧¹¹ࠊ㤳ᖍ⛎᭩ᐁࡢᴋ⏣ᐿ࡟ࡼࡿࠗᴋ⏣ᐿ᪥グ࠘㸦௨

ୗࠊࠗᴋ⏣᪥グ࠘㸧¹²ࠊⱝἨࡢⴭ᭩ࠗ௚⟇ࢼ࢝ࣜࢩࣤಙࢮ࣒ࢺḧࢫ࠘㸦௨ୗࠊࠗ௚⟇࠘㸧¹³࡞࡝ࡢ᪥グ

ࡸᅇ᝿㘓ࡶ㇏ᐩ࡟࠶ࡿࠋෆㄪࡣࠊෆ㛶⥲⌮኱⮧ᐁᡣㄪᰝᐊ࡜ࡋ࡚ 1952 ᖺ࡟Ⓨ㊊ࡋࡓᑠࡉ࡞⤌⧊

ࡔࡗࡓࠋ⫋ဨᩘࡣ⌧ᅾࡶᮏ㒊ࡢ⣙170ேࠊෆㄪᡤ⟶ࡢෆ㛶⾨ᫍ᝟ሗࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢ⣙320ேࢆᩘ࠼ࡿ

࡟ࡍࡂ࡞࠸¹⁴ࠋࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᑠࡉ࡞ᶵ㛵ࡢሗ࿌᭩ࡀ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘࠊ⌧ᐇࡢᨻ἞࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡓ࠿ࡣᮏ✏ࡢ

↔Ⅼࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

እົ┬࡜ෆㄪࡢ◊✲ࡣ⛎ᐦ⿬࡟⾜ࢃࢀࠊ1994ᖺ࡜2010ᖺࡢሗ㐨࡛᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ¹⁵ࠋᏳ඲ಖ 㞀ㄪᰝ఍ࡢ᰾◊✲ࡣ1968ᖺ࡟බหࡉࢀࡓᖺሗ࡟཰ࡵࡽࢀࡓ¹⁶ࠋ

ⱝἨᩗࡀࠕ୰ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀 ࢃࡀᅜࡢ࡜ࡿ࡭ࡁᇶᮏᨻ⟇ࡢ᪉ྥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ࡜㢟 ࡍࡿሗ࿌᭩ࢆෆㄪ࡟ᥦฟࡋࡓࡢࡣ୰ᅜࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࠿ࡽ1࢝᭶༙ᚋࡢ1964ᖺ12᭶2᪥࡛࠶ࡗࡓ¹⁷ࠋ

◊✲ࡣ㤳┦ᐁ㑰࡞࡝ࡢᣦ♧࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃෆㄪ⊂⮬ࡢุ᩿࡛ጞࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ౫㢗ࡋࡓࡢࡣ࠿ࡡ࡚ⱝἨࢆ▱

ࡿෆㄪࡢඖ୺ᖿ㸦ᅜෆࠊᅜ㝿➼ྛ㒊㛛ࡢ㛗ࡢ࿧⛠㸧ࠊᚿᇉẸ㑻࡛࠶ࡿ¹⁸ࠋึ௦ᐊ㛗ࡢᮧ஭㡰ࡀࠊ⊂

❧ᚋࡢ᪥ᮏࡣ⮬๓ࡢ᝟ሗᶵ㛵ࢆᣢࡓ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜ྜྷ⏣ⱱ㤳┦࡟㐍ゝࡋ࡚ࠊㄪᰝᐊࡀ๰タ ࡉࢀࡓ᫬ࡢ4ேࡢ㓄ୗࡢ1ே࡛ࠊ୺࡟ᗈሗࡸᅜෆ⏿ࢆᢸᙜࡋࠊᏛ㆑⤒㦂⪅ࡢ◊✲࣭ᥦゝࡢ࡜ࡾࡲ

࡜ࡵࡶ୍᫬වົࡋࡓࠋⱝἨࡀᮾி኱ᏛἲᏛ㒊ࡢᏛ⏕ࡔࡗࡓ㡭࠿ࡽᪧ▱ࡢ㛫᯶࡛࠶ࡾࠊෆㄪࡣⱝἨ

11 బ⸨ᴿస㸭ఀ⸨㝯┘ಟࠊ1997-99ࠊࠗబ⸨ᴿస᪥グ࠘ࠊᮅ᪥᪂⪺♫ࠋࠗబ⸨᪥グ࠘ࡣ1952㹼1975ᖺࢆグ㘓㸦࠺ࡕ1955ᖺࠊ 1957㹼1960ᖺࡣḞ㸧ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ1964ᖺ10᭶17᪥ࡢ㡯࡟ࡣࠕ୰ඹ᰾ᐇ㦂࡟ᡂຌࠋ኱ࠎⓗ࡟ࡇࡢሗᑟࠋḟࠎ࡟኱஦௳✺

Ⓨࠋ໚ㄽරჾ㛤Ⓨࡲ࡛࡟ࡣ᫬㛫ࡢ࠿࢏ࡿ஦࡞ࡽࢇࡀ᫬ࢆྠࡌࡃࡋ࡚ࢯࣅ࢚ࢵࢺࠊⱥᅜ➼࡟ḟࠎࡢኚ໬ࠋᛁࡋࡃ࡞ࡿ࠿ࠋ

࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡣ୍᫬࡟Ỉࢆ࠿ࡅࡽࢀࡓឤࡌࠖࡢグ㏙ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

12 ᴋ⏣ᐿ㸭࿴⏣⣧ࠊ஬ⓒ᪝㢌┿⦅ࠊ2001ࠊࠗᴋ⏣ᐿ᪥グ బ⸨ᰤస⥲⌮㤳ᖍ⛎᭩ᐁࡢ஧ࠐࠐࠐ᪥࠘ࠊ୰ኸබㄽ᪂♫ࠋࠗᴋ⏣

᪥グ࠘ࡣ1967㹼1972ᖺࡢグ㘓࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

13 ⱝἨ㸦2009㸧ࡣ1967㹼1972ᖺࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

14 㯮஭ᩥኴ㑻ࠊ2007ࠊࠗ᪥ᮏࡢ᝟ሗᶵ㛵 ▱ࡽࢀࡊࡿᑐእ࢖ࣥࢸࣜࢪ࢙ࣥࢫࡢ඲ㇺ࠘ࠊㅮㄯ♫ࠊ154-174㡫ࠋ

15 ࠕࢃࡀᅜࡢእ஺ᨻ⟇኱⥘ࠖ࡜㢟ࡍࡿ⛎ᐦᩥ᭩ࢆసᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡓእົ┬ࡢ◊✲ࡣࠗẖ᪥᪂⪺࠘1994ᖺ8᭶1᪥ᮅห࡛ሗ㐨 ࡉࢀࡓࠋࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲ࠖ࡜ྡ௜ࡅࡽࢀࡓෆㄪࡢ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩ࡣࠗᮅ᪥᪂⪺࠘1994ᖺ11᭶13᪥ᮅ ห࡛ሗ㐨ࡉࢀࡓࠋࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᆏᮏ⩏࿴⦅ࠊ1999ࠊࠗ᰾࡜ே㛫 ᰾࡜ᑐỴࡍࡿ20 ୡ⣖࠘ࠊᒾἼ᭩ᗑࠊࡶཧ↷ࠋࡲࡓࠊࠕ୰ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖࡣ2010ᖺ10᭶3᪥ᨺ㏦ࡢNHKࢫ࣌ࢩ࡛ࣕࣝ

ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀࠊࠕNHKࢫ࣌ࢩࣕࣝࠖྲྀᮦ⌜ࠊ2012ࠊࠗ͆᰾͇ࢆồࡵࡓ᪥ᮏ࠘ࠊගᩥ♫ࠊ࡜ࡋ࡚ฟ∧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

16 Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀ㄪᰝ఍ࠊ1968ᖺࠊࠗ᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀 1970ᖺ࡬ࡢᒎᮃ࠘ࠊᮅ㞼᪂⪺♫ࠊ293-342㡫ࠊཧ↷ࠋ

17 ෆㄪࡢඖㄪᰝᐁࠊᚿᇉẸ㑻Ặࡢ᪥グ࡟ࡣࠊ1964ᖺ12᭶2᪥ࡢ㡯࡟ࠕ᫨ࠊⓑளࣅࣝ⾜ࠋᑂ㆟ဨ఍㆟ࠋⱝἨྩ࠿ࡽࠕ୰

ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ಟṇሗ࿌ࠋ㸦せⅬ➹グࡋᐊ㛗࡟ᚋ้ሗ࿌ࠋ㸧ࠖࡢグ㏙ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋྠᖺ11᭶18᪥ࡢ 㡯࡟ࡶࠕⱝἨྩࡀࠕ୰ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜ࢃࡀᅜࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࠋ㉁␲ᛂ⟅ẚ㍑ⓗάⓎ࡞ࡾࠖ࡜グࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㦵 ᱁ࡣ᪩࠸ẁ㝵࡟ᅛࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ぢࡽࢀࡿࠋ୰ᅜ᰾ᐇ㦂ᚋࡢ᪥グ࡟ࡣࠊ10᭶30᪥ࠊ11᭶6᪥ࠊ11᭶19᪥ࡢ㡯࡟ࡶⱝ Ἠࡢྡࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᚿᇉẶ࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ㸦2014ᖺ5᭶2᪥ࠊྠ29᪥ࠊ6᭶12᪥ࠊ7᭶3᪥ࠊ11᭶6᪥㸧࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ ᙜ᫬ⱝἨࡣෆㄪࡢ‽⫋ဨࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ꮡᅾ࡛ࠊ┒ࢇ࡟⾜ࡁ᮶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋࡓࡔࠊ⟶ぢࡢ㝈ࡾ࡛ࡣࠊⱝἨࡢⴭ᭩࡟ࡶඛ⾜

◊✲࡟ࡶෆㄪ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡣฟ࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࠋ

18 ࠕ୰ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖࡸࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲㸦ࡑࡢ୍㸧ࠖࠊࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ

◊✲㸦ࡑࡢ஧㸧ࠖ࡞࡝୍㐃ࡢෆㄪ㈨ᩱࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉࡗࡓᚿᇉẶ࡟ឤㅰࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

(5)

ࡀᡤᒓࡍࡿ཯ඹࣜ࣋ࣛࣝࡢᏛ⏕ᅋయࠊᮾ኱᪂ே఍¹⁹ࢆᐦ࠿࡟㈨㔠᥼ຓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠺²⁰ࠋ

ࠕ୰ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖࡣB5ุ22㡫ࡢᑠࡪࡾ࡞ᩥ❶࡛࠶ࡿࠋⱝἨࡢྡ๓ࡣఅࡏࡽ

ࢀࠊෆㄪࡀㄪᰝࢆጤクࡍࡿ♫ᅋἲே࣭ᅜ㝿᝟ໃ◊✲఍ࡢྡ⛠࡛⣙200㒊ࡀ༳ๅࡉࢀ࡚ࠊ㤳┦ᐁ㑰

࡞࡝࡟㓄ᕸࡉࢀࡓ²¹ࠋ⾲⣬࡟࣐ࣝ⛎ࡢ༳ࡀᢲࡉࢀࠊࠕ⮬ᅜࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࢆࡶࡗ࡜┿๢࡟ࠖ࡜㢟ࡍࡿࡲ

࠼ࡀࡁ࡜ࠊࠕ㠀Ṋ⿦୰❧ㄽ࡜᪥ᮏ⊂⮬ࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ㄽࡢᢈุࠖࠊࠕ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙ࡢሀᣢࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࢃ

ࡀᅜࡢ࡜ࡿ࡭ࡁᑐ⟇ࡢ᪉ྥࠖࠊࡴࡍࡧࠊࡢ 4 ࡘࡢࣃ࣮ࢺ࠿ࡽᡂࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡲ࠼ࡀࡁ࡛ࡣࠊ୰ᅜ᰾

ᐇ㦂ࡢෆᐜࡀண᝿࡟཯ࡋ࡚㐍ࢇࡔẁ㝵࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ᪥ᮏ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚῝้࡜ᣦ᦬ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ༢࡟㑇᠍

࡜ࡋ࡚ᢠ㆟ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⮬ᅜࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࢆ┿๢࡟⪃࠼ࡿᅜẸⓗ㞺ᅖẼࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ࡜࡟

ᮇᚅࢆᐤࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⤒῭➨୍୺⩏ࡢᡓᚋࡢ㢼₻࡟ࠕ᪥ᮏᅜᐙ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶࡗ࡜ᮏ㉁ⓗ࡟㔜せ࡞ఱࡶ

ࡢ࠿ࡀḞࡅ࡚࠸ࡣࡋࡲ࠸࠿ࠖ࡜␲ၥࢆ࿊ࡋࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣜࢫࢺࡢゝⴥࢆ೉ࡾ࡚ࠕ㨦ࢆኻࡗ ࡓ⦾ᰤࠖ࡜ᢈุࡍࡿ²²ࠋἈ⦖᰾ᐦ⣙ࢆ࿌ⓑࡋࡓࠗ௚⟇࠘࡟࠾࠸࡚ᡓᚋ༙ୡ⣖ࡢ᪥ᮏࢆ≀㉁㔠㖹୓

⬟୺⩏࡟㉮ࡗࡓࠕហ⪅^ࣇ࣮ࣝࢬࡢ^࣭^{ࣃࣛࢲ࢖ࢫ}ᴦ ᅬࠖ²³࡜ཝࡋࡃ᩿ࡌࡓࠊᚋᖺࡢⱝἨࢆᛮ࠸㉳ࡇࡉࡏࡿグ㏙࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ⥆࠸࡚ලయⓗ࡞ᑐ⟇࡟ධࡾࠊ᪥ᮏ♫఍ඪࡢ㠀Ṋ⿦୰❧ㄽ࡜ࡑࢀ࡜ࡣᑐᴟ࡟࠶ࡿ᪥ᮏ⊂⮬ࡢ᰾Ṋ

⿦ㄽࢆᢈุⓗ࡟᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ㠀Ṋ⿦୰❧ᨻ⟇ࡸ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ◚Რ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃཝࡋ࠸ᅜ 㝿᝟ໃୗ࡛ࡣᐇ⾜୙ྍ⬟࡞↓㈐௵࡞ᢳ㇟ㄽ࡟ࡍࡂ࡞࠸࡜㏙࡭ࠊࡉࡽ࡟⡿ࢯ୰᪥ࡢ4࢝ᅜ㞟ᅋᏳ඲

ಖ㞀᮲⣙ࡸ⡿ࢯ୰᪥ࢆྵࡴ࢔ࢪ࢔࣭ኴᖹὒᆅᇦ㠀᰾Ṋ⿦ᆅᖏࡢタ⨨ࢆᐇ⌧ᛶࡢ࡞࠸ᯫ✵ࡢࢫ࣮ࣟ

࢞ࣥ࡜㏥ࡅࡿࠋ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ୰ᅜࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡀ㐍ࡴ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ᚰ⌮ⓗጾᅽࡀᙉࡲࡾࠊᅜෆࡸἈ⦖

࡟⡿㌷ᇶᆅࢆ⨨ࡃ࠿ࡽ༴࡞࠸ࡢࡔ࡜࠸࠺ᐉఏ࡟஌ࡗ࡚ࠊ༝ᒅ࡞ែᗘ࠿ࡽ᪥୰ࡢ᪩ᮇᅜ஺ᅇ᚟ࡸ୰

ᅜࡢᅜ㐃ຍ┕ࢆồࡵࡿኌࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࡇ࡜ࢆணᮇࡋࠊ᪥ᮏᅜẸ࡟ᑐࡋ୰ᅜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⌧ᐇⓗ࡛ᢈุⓗ࡞

஦ᐇㄆ㆑ࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺୺ᙇࡋࡓࠋ୰ᅜࡀ᪥ᮏࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿ࿘㎶ㅖᅜ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚₯ᅾⓗ࡞⬣ጾ࡛࠶ࡿ

ࡇ࡜ࢆㄝࡁࠊ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙ࢆࡸࡵ࡚୰❧ᨻ⟇ࡉ࠼࡜ࢀࡤ᪥ᮏࡣᏳ඲ࡔ࡜࠸࠺㆟ㄽ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㠀

ྠ┕ᨻ⟇ࢆ࡜ࡾࠊ୰ᅜ࡟཭ዲⓗࡔࡗࡓ࢖ࣥࢻࡀ 1962 ᖺ࡟୰ᅜࡢ౵␎ࢆཷࡅࡓ஦ᐇࢆᣦ᦬ࡋࡓࡢ

࡛࠶ࡿ²⁴ࠋ

⥆ࡅ࡚ᮏሗ࿌᭩ࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡀ᰾ࢆᣢࡗࡓ௨ୖ᪥ᮏࡶ⊂⮬ࡢ᰾ࢆᣢࡓ࡞ࡅࢀࡤᑐᢠ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺

୺ᙇࡀࢃࡀᅜࡢ୍㒊࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆࡵࡿࠋࡇࡢ㆟ㄽࡢ๓ᥦ࡟ࡣࠊ୰ᅜࡀỈ⇿ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ㐠ᦙᡭẁ࡜

ࡋ࡚ࡢࣟࢣࢵࢺࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺࡞ࠊຠᯝⓗ࡞᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆ᥎ࡋ㐍ࡵࡓሙྜࠊ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙࡟ࡼࡿ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝

19 ᡓ๓ࡢ᪂ே఍࡜ࡣ↓㛵ಀࠋࡢࡕ࡟ⱝἨࡣᅵ᭙఍࡟ྜὶࡋࡓࠋᅵ᭙఍ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡟ࡣబࠎ῟⾜ࠊ⢑㇂୍ᕼࡽࡀ࠸ࡿࠋ㕥ᮌ

⨾຾ࠊ2014ࠊࠕእົ┬◊✲ ᐦ౑࣭ⱝἨᩗ࡜ࡢ⤎ ㇂ෆṇኴ㑻ࠖࠗእ஺࠘ࠊ23ྕࠊ᫬஦㏻ಙ♫ࠊ130-133㡫ࠋ

20 ᚿᇉẶ࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࠋᮾ኱ᅾᏛ୰ࡢⱝἨ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᚋ⸨஝୍㸦2010㸧21-62㡫ࠋ

21 ᚿᇉẶ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊෆ㛶ㄪᰝᐊ㛗ࡣෆ㛶ᐁᡣ㛗ᐁ࡟㐌1ᅇ㠃఍ࡋࠊሗ࿌ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦ᮏㄅྲྀᮦ⌜ࠊࠕ㸺ゎ๗㸼

᪥ᮏࡢ⤌⧊ ෆ㛶᝟ሗㄪᰝᐊࠖࠊ1995ࠊࠗForesight࠘ࠊ11᭶ྕ࡟ࡣࠊẖ㐌1ᅇ㤳┦࡟ሗ࿌ࡍࡿ᫬㛫ࡀタࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜

ࡢグ㏙ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᚿᇉẶࡢヰ࡛ࡣࠊ୰᭮᰿ෆ㛶ࡈࢁ࠿ࡽ㤳┦࡟ሗ࿌ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺㸧ࠋṔ௦ᐊ㛗ࡢ୰࡛ࡣࠊึ௦ ࡢᮧ஭㡰ࠊ⤌⧊ࡢཎᆺࢆసࡗࡓ3௦ࡢྂᒇ஽ࡀഔฟࡋࡓᏑᅾ࡛ࠊᐊ㛗࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᐁᡣ㛗ᐁࡽ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡣ⃰ῐࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡶ

ゝࢃࢀࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࡢ໭ᮧ⁠ᐊ㛗ࡣ➨1ḟᏳಸ᫴୕ᨻᶒࡢ㤳┦⛎᭩ᐁࢆົࡵࡓ㛫᯶ࠋ

22 ⱝἨࠊ1964ࠊࠕ୰ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀 ࢃࡀᅜࡢ࡜ࡿ࡭ࡁᇶᮏᨻ⟇ࡢ᪉ྥᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࠊ♫ᅋἲே࣭ᅜ㝿᝟ໃ

◊✲఍ࠊ2㡫ࠋ

23 ⱝἨ㸦2009㸧616-617 㡫ࠋⱝἨࡣࠕᩋᡓᚋ༙ୡ⣖㛫ࡢ᪥ᮏࡣࠕᡓᚋ᚟⯆ࠖࡢྡࡢୗ࡟ࡦࡓࡍࡽ≀㉁㔠㖹୓⬟୺⩏࡟㉮

ࡾࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊኚࢃࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡁ㙐ᅜᚰ⌮ࡢ୰࡛࠸ࢃࡤ͆ហ⪅^{ࣇ ࣮ ࣝ ࢬ}ࡢ^࣭ᴦᅬ^{ࣃࣛࢲ࢖ࢫ}͇࡜໬ࡋࠊ⢭⚄ⓗࠊ㐨⩏ⓗࠊᩥ໬ⓗ࡟͆᰿↓ࡋⲡ͇

࡟ለࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠖ࡜グࡋࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࡢ෌㉳ࢆࠕ෌⊂❧ࡢ᏶ᡂࠖࠕ⮬⏤⮬ᑛࡢ㢧⌧ࠖࡢ୧ㄒ࡟クࡋ ࡓࠋ

24 ⱝἨ㸦1964㸧6-10㡫ࠋ

(6)

ࡢ᰾ࡢച࡟ᮏᙜ࡟౫Ꮡ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺␲ᛕࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᪥ᮏேグ⪅࡜఍ぢࡋࡓࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ࢞ࣟ࣡

ᑗ㌷ࡢゝⴥࢆᘬ࠸࡚²⁵ࠊࡑࡢㄽ⌮ⓗṇᙜᛶࢆㄆࡵࡘࡘࠊ⣧㌷஦ⓗ࣭ᡓ␎ⓗ࡟࠸࠼ࡤࠊ᪥ᮏࡀ༢⊂

࡛୰ᅜࡸࢯ㐃࡟ᑐᢠࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ኱つᶍ࡞ࠊຠᯝⓗ࡛ࠊ㠀⬤ᙅ࡞⊂⮬ࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆᡂࡋ㐙ࡆ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ

࡞ࡽࡎࠊࡑࢀࡣ㈈ᨻⓗほⅬ࠿ࡽࡳ࡚ࡶ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄝ࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡋ࡚᪥ᮏࡢᅜẸឤ᝟ࡸᨻ᝟ࠊ

᠇ἲၥ㢟ࡸཎᏊຊᇶᮏἲ²⁶࡞࡝ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࢀࡤࠊ⌧ᐇࡢᨻ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ᙜศၥ㢟࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜཯ᑐࡋ ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ௬࡟᪥ᮏࡀ⊂⮬ࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ィ⏬ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ࡞ࡽࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ┦ᙜᙉ࠸཯ᑐࢆணᮇࡏ ࡡࡤ࡞ࡽࡎࠊࡑࢀࡣୡ⏺ࡢ᰾ᣑᩓ㜵Ṇ࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡶᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅࡓ²⁷ࠋ ௨ୖࡢ᳨ウࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊ᰾᫬௦࡟࠾࠸࡚༢⊂ᅜ㜵ࡣ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊᆅᇦⓗ㞟ᅋ㜵⾨ࡀᖖ㆑࡟࡞ࡗ

࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ᪉㏵ࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࡜ࡢᏳಖ᮲⣙ࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡋࡓᅜ⟇ࡢᙉ໬Ⓨᒎ࡛࡞ࡅࢀ

ࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࠊࡓࡔ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙ࢆᇶᮏ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊ᪥⡿୧ᅜࡢᅜ᫝ࡸᅜᐙ┠ᶆࡀྠࡌࡓ

ࡵ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡇࡢⅬ࡛ඹ⏘ඪᨻᶒ࡛࠶ࡿ୰ᅜ࡜ࡣ᰿ᮏⓗ࡟┦࠸ࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆᅜẸ࡟⌮ゎࡉࡏࡿࡇ

࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ᪨ࢆッ࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚Ᏻಖ᮲⣙ࡢሀᣢࢆ๓ᥦ࡟ࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࡜᪥ᮏࡢᙺ๭ศᢸࠊࡘࡲ

ࡾ᰾ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚᪥ᮏࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚṆຊ࡟඲㠃ⓗ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊ㏻ᖖරຊ࡟࠾࠸࡚᪥ᮏ ࡣ⮬⾨ຊࢆቑᙉࡋࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ㈇ᢸࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺᪉ྥࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢࡉ࠸㔜せ࡞ࡢࡣࠊ୰

ᅜࡢ᰾ࡢ⬣ጾࡸᨷᧁ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚᪥ᮏࢆ㜵⾨ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ሗ᚟ຊࢆ☜ᐇ࡟ࢥ࣑ࢵࢺࡉࡏࡿࠊ

ࡼࡾ᫂☜࡞ಖ㞀ࢆ࡜ࡾࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᙉㄪࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ゝⴥࢆ⥅࠸࡛ࠊሗ࿌᭩ࡣ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙ࢆ

ᇶ┙࡜ࡍࡿᅜ⟇ࢆ࡜ࡿ௨ୖࠊ᪥ᮏഃࡢ⩏ົࢆᛅᐇ࡟ᐇ⾜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᙜ↛࡛࠶ࡾࠊ౛࠼ࡤཎᏊຊ₯

ỈⰄࡢᐤ ၥ㢟²⁸࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᨻᗓࡣᅜẸⓗ⌮ゎ࡜ᨭᣢࢆᚓࡿࡼ࠺ດຊࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜グࡋࡓࠋ࣏

ࣛࣜࢫᆺ₯ỈⰄࡢ᪥ᮏᐤ ࡞࡝ࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ሗ᚟ຊࡀ᪥ᮏ㜵⾨࡟ࢥ࣑ࢵࢺࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆෆ እ࡟ࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜♧ࡍᥐ⨨ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ࡶゝཬࡋࡓ²⁹ࠋ

ࡴࡍࡧ࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶ⮬ࡽ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ᅜ᫝ࢆ㈏ࡃ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࡝࠺ࡋ

࡚ࡶࡸࡽࡊࡿࢆ࠼࡞࠸ሙྜࡣ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶࡸࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺₯ᅾⓗ⬟ຊࠊࡘࡲࡾࡑࢀ࡟ᚲせ࡞⛉Ꮫ࣭ᢏ⾡

Ỉ‽ࡸᕤᴗᇶ┙࡞࡝ࡢ⥲ྜⓗ࡞ᅜຊࢆ୰ᅜࡼࡾᖖ࡟㧗࠸ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ᘬࡁୖࡆ࡚࠾ࡃࡼ࠺୺ᙇࡋࡓࠋ

᪥ᮏࡢ࣏ࢸࣥࢩࣕࣝࢆㅖእᅜ࡟ㄆ㆑ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊཎᏊຊࡢᖹ࿴฼⏝ࡸᅜ⏘ࣟࢣࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡿேᕤ

⾨ᫍᡴࡕୖࡆࢆඃඛⓗ࡟᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ³⁰ࠋ 㸰㸬ⱝἨࡢ1966ᖺㄽᩥ࡜67ᖺㄽᩥ

୰ᅜࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂ࡣᅜ఍࡛ࡶࡍࡄ࡟ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀࡓࠋ㏥㝕⾲᫂ࡋࡓụ⏣㤳┦࡟௦ࢃࡗ࡚ᑠἨ⣧ஓ㜵

⾨ᗇ㛗ᐁࡽࡀࡑࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ᪥⡿ඹྠ㜵⾨యไࡢᘓ๓࠿ࡽ᰾ࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࡟౫Ꮡࡋࠊ௒ࡲ࡛ࡢ

25 ト10ࡢᩥ⊩ࢆཧ↷ࠋ

26 1955ᖺ12᭶࡟୰᭮᰿ᗣᘯࡽࡀ୰ᚰ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ἲ᱌ࢆసᡂࡋࠊ⮬Ẹඪ࡜♫఍ඪࡢඹྠᥦ᱌࡛ᡂ❧ࡋࡓࠋ᪥ᮏࡢཎᏊຊࡢ

◊✲ࠊ㛤Ⓨࡣᖹ࿴┠ⓗࡢࡳ࡟㝈ࡽࢀࠊẸ୺ࠊ⮬୺ࠊබ㛤ࡢ3ࡘࡢཎ๎࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㐍ࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂グࡋࡓࠋཎᏊຊつ ไጤဨ఍ࠊཎᏊຊ㜵⅏఍㆟ཬࡧཎᏊຊጤဨ఍ࠊ㛤Ⓨᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚᪥ᮏཎᏊຊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓࢆタࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊ᰾⇞ᩱ

ࡸཎᏊ⅔ࡢ⟶⌮ࠊᨺᑕ⥺࡟ࡼࡿ㞀ᐖࡢ㜵Ṇ࡞࡝ཎᏊຊ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶᮏࢆᐃࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋṔྐࡸၥ㢟Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊྜྷᒸᩧࠊ 2011ࠊࠗ᪂∧ ཎᏊຊࡢ♫఍ྐ࠘ࠊᮅ᪥᪂⪺ฟ∧ࠊ78-80㡫ࠋ

27 ⱝἨ㸦1964㸧10-13㡫ࠋ

28 ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢹ࢕࣮࣭ࣥࣛࢫࢡ㸦Dean Rusk㸧ᅜົ㛗ᐁࡣ1961ᖺ6᭶21᪥࡟ᑠᆏၿኴ㑻እ┦࡜఍ㄯࡋࠊࣀ࣮ࢳࣛࢫᆺ ཎᏊຊ₯ỈⰄࡢ᪥ᮏᐤ ࢆᡴデࡋࡓࠋụ⏣ᨻᶒࡣᅜẸࡢ཯᰾ឤ᝟ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ៅ㔜࡞ែᗘࢆ᧜ࡾ⥆ࡅࡓࠋ⡿ཎ₯ࢩ࣮ࢻࣛ

ࢦࣥ㸦Seadragon㸧ࡀึࡵ࡚బୡಖ࡟ᐤ ࡋࡓࡢࡣࠊబ⸨ᨻᶒ࡟௦ࢃࡗࡓ1964ᖺ11᭶12᪥࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

29 ⱝἨ㸦1964㸧14-19㡫ࠋ

30 ⱝἨ㸦1964㸧20-22㡫ࠋ

(7)

᪉㔪ࢆኚ࠼࡞࠸ࠊ᪥ᮏࡣ᰾⿦ഛࢆࡏࡎࠊ᰾ࡢᣢࡕ㎸ࡳ࡟ࡣ཯ᑐࡍࡿ᪤ᐃ㊰⥺ࢆᏲࡿ࡞࡝࡜⟅ᘚࡋ ࡓ³¹ࠋబ⸨㤳┦ࡶᑵ௵┤ᚋࡢᡤಙ⾲᫂₇ㄝ࡛᰾ᐇ㦂࡟ゝཬࡋࠊࠕࢃࡀᅜ࡟㞄᥋ࡍࡿ୰ඹࡀࠊࢃࡀᅜ Ẹࡢᛕ㢪࡜ୡ⏺ࡢ㊅ໃࢆ↓どࡋ࡚ࠊ࠶࠼࡚᰾ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡟ᑐࡋࠊ⚾ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏᅜẸࡢྡ࡟

࠾࠸࡚ࠊᚰ࠿ࡽ㑇᠍ࡢពࢆ⾲᫂ࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⚾ࡣࠊ୰ඹࡀࡇࢀ௨ୖࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂ࢆ

୰Ṇࡋࠊࡍࡳࡸ࠿࡟㐍ࢇ࡛㒊ศⓗ᰾ᐇ㦂⚗Ṇ᮲⣙࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᙉࡃせᮃࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠖ

࡜ㄒࡗࡓ³²ࠋ

1967ᖺ6᭶17᪥ࠊ୰ᅜࡣࡉࡽ࡟ึࡢỈ⇿ᐇ㦂࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓ³³ࠋᅜ఍࡛ࡶ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࡇࡢၥ㢟ࡀྲྀ

ࡾୖࡆࡽࢀࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢཎᏊຊ₯ỈⰄࡢᐤ ၥ㢟࡜⤡ࡵࡓࡾࠊ1970ᖺ࡟ᨵᐃᮇࢆ㏄࠼ࡿ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ ᮲⣙ࡢᑗ᮶ീࢆ㉁ࡋࡓࡾࠊ୰ᅜࡢᅜ㐃ຍ┕ၥ㢟ࡸ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾୙ᣑᩓ࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㆟ㄽࡶ

࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ୰࡛ⱝἨࡣ1966ᖺ࡜1967ᖺ࡟ὀ┠ࡍ࡭ࡁㄽᩥ2ᮏࢆୡ࡟ၥ࠺ࡓࠋࠕ୰ᅜࡢ᰾Ṋ

⿦࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖ࡜ࠕ᰾㌷⦰ᖹ࿴እ஺ࡢᥦၐ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ³⁴ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣⱝἨࡀ⥲ྜ㞧ㄅ࡟ಶேⓗぢゎࢆᐤ✏ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊෆㄪ࡞࡝ᨻᗓᶵ㛵࠿ࡽ౫㢗ࡉࢀࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ᰾ᡓ␎ㄽࢆᑓ 㛛࡜ࡍࡿⱝἨ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚୰ᅜ᰾ᐇ㦂ࡣ᭱኱ࡢ㛵ᚰ஦࡛ࠊࠗ୰ኸබㄽ࠘1966ᖺ2᭶ྕࡢᕳ㢌ࢆ㣭ࡗࡓࠕ୰

ᅜࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖࡣⱝἨࡢᑐ୰ᅜほࢆ♧ࡍࠕⓒᯛㄽᩥࠖࡢពḧస࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

ⱝἨಶேࡢ◊✲ࡣᮏ✏ࡢ㊃᪨࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵㄽᩥෆᐜࡢ⤂௓ࡣ᭱ᑠ㝈࡟࡜࡝ࡵࡿࡀࠊࡲࡎᙉㄪࡍ

࡭ࡁࡣࠊⱝἨࡀ୰ᅜࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡢព⩏ࢆࠕୡ⏺ࡢᨻ἞ᆅᅗࢆ᭩ࡁኚ࠼ࡿ࡯࡝ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞⏬ᮇⓗ஦௳ࡢ ࡣࡋࡾࠖ࡜㔜せどࡋ࡚࠸ࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୰ᅜࡢ❧ሙࡣࠊ᰾රჾಖ᭷ᅜࡀቑ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᰾රჾᾘ⁛࡟

ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜࠸࠺㏫ㄝⓗ࡞ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠕ᰾ᡓதⓎ⏕ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡣࠊ᰾⊂༨≧ែ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࡗ

࡜ࡶ኱ࡁࡃࠊ᰾ᐻ༨≧ែࡀࡇࢀ࡟ࡘࡂࠊ᰾ከ༨≧ែ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶᑡ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝ࠸ศ࡛࠶

ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊከᩘᅜࡀᨭᣢࡍࡿ᰾ᣑᩓ㜵Ṇࡢ⪃࠼᪉࡜ࡣ┿ࡗྥ࠿ࡽᑐ❧ࡍࡿࠋⱝἨ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ୰

ᅜࡢ᰾㛤Ⓨࡀ㌶㐨࡟஌ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡣ1955ᖺ㡭࡛ࠊࠕᐇࡢ࠶ࡿࢫ࣮ࣉࢆ㣧ࡲ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊࢬ࣎ࣥࢆࡣ

࠿࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ᰾ࢆࡶࡘࢇࡔࠖ࡜ࡢ㝞Ẏእ┦ࡢゝⴥ㸦1964ᖺ10᭶ࠊ໭ி࡛᪥ᮏேグ⪅ᅋ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸧

㏻ࡾࠊ᰾㛤Ⓨ࡟㑌㐍ࡋࡓࡢࡔࡗࡓ³⁵ࠋ

୍᪉ࠊⱝἨࡣ୰ᅜ᰾ᐇ㦂ࡢ⾪ᧁࢆᶵ࡟᪥ᮏᅜෆ࡛⮬ᅜࡢᖹ࿴⥔ᣢ࡜Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀ࢆࡼࡾ┿๢࡟⪃✲

ࡍࡿ᪉ྥ࡬ᅜẸⓗ㛵ᚰࡀྥࡅࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡋࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ⌧ᐇࡣࠕ᰾୙ឤ⑕ࠖ࡜ゝ࠸ᚓࡿࡼ࠺

࡞≧ἣࡔࡗࡓࠋࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ஦ែࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊⱝἨࡣ⤖ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊཎᏊຊཬࡧࣟࢣࢵࢺࡢᖹ࿴฼⏝ࡢࡓ

ࡵࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ᪥ᮏࡣ⤒῭࣭ᢏ⾡࣭ᕤᴗ➼⥲ྜⓗ࡟ࡳ࡚᰾Ṋ⿦ࡀྍ⬟࡞₯ᅾⓗ⬟ຊ

ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⮬ࡽࡢᅜ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚᰾Ṋ⿦ࡏࡎ࡜ࡢ᪉㔪ࢆෆእ࡟᫂☜࡟⾲᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࢆ㔜Ⅼᅜ

⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ᥦゝࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

⩣1967ᖺࠊࠗ୰ኸබㄽ࠘3᭶ྕ࡟ᥖ㍕ࡉࢀࡓࠕ᰾㌷⦰ᖹ࿴እ஺ࡢᥦၐࠖࡣࠊⱝἨࡀ㛗ᖺᶍ⣴ࡋ

࡚ࡁࡓࠕ᰾᫬௦࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࠖࢆ㞟⣙ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࠗ௚⟇࠘ࡢෑ㢌࡛ࠊ ࡑࡢ㦵Ꮚ࡟ࡩࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶຊࡢධࡾࡼ࠺ࡀ࠺࠿ࡀ࠼ࡿࠋⱝἨࡀࠕ᰾㌷⦰ᖹ࿴እ஺ࡢᥦၐࠖ

࡟࠾࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡓࡢࡣࠊᙜ᫬ࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ᠱ᱌࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ NPT ࡟᪥ᮏࡀ࡝࠺ᑐᛂࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ

31 ࠗ➨46ᅇᅜ఍ཧ㆟㝔ෆ㛶ጤဨ఍఍㆟㘓࠘➨㛢5ྕࠊ1964ᖺ10᭶26᪥ࠋ

32 ࠗ➨47ᅇᅜ఍⾗㆟㝔ᮏ఍㆟࠘➨3ྕࠊ1964ᖺ11᭶21᪥ࠋ

33 ト9ࡢᩥ⊩ࢆཧ↷ࠋ

34 ⱝἨࠊ1966ࠊࠕ୰ᅜࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖࠗ୰ኸබㄽ࠘ࠊ2᭶ྕࠋⱝἨࠊ1967ࠊࠕ᰾㌷⦰ᖹ࿴እ஺ࡢᥦၐࠖࠗ୰ኸබ ㄽ࠘ࠊ3᭶ྕࠋ

35 ᚋ⸨㸦2010㸧119-125㡫ࠋ᳃⏣㸦2011㸧115-120㡫ࠋ

(8)

㢟ࡔࡗࡓࠋ

ࠗ௚⟇࠘ࡶཧ↷ࡋࡘࡘࠊⱝἨࡢᥦ᱌ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ㸦1㸧᰾රჾࡣ᰾Ṋ⿦ᅜ࡟ᡓ தᢚṆᶵ⬟ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚Ᏻᚰឤࢆ୚࠼ࠊᅜࡢጾಙࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ౯್ࡶᣢࡘࠋ“≉ᶒ㝵⣭”࡛࠶ࡿ᰾ಖ᭷ᅜ࡜

“㠀≉ᶒ㝵⣭”࡛࠶ࡿ㠀᰾ಖ᭷ᅜࡢ㛫࡟ࡣᏳ඲ಖ㞀ၥ㢟࡜እ஺ᨻ⟇㐙⾜࡟ⴠᕪࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ᰾ಖ᭷ᅜࡢ

୰࡛ࡶࡎࡤᢤࡅࡓຊࢆᣢࡘ⡿ࢯࡣඹ㏻ࡢ฼ᐖࢆ⮬ぬࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ㸦2㸧ᖺ㛫3൨ࢻࣝ⛬ᗘࡢ㈇ᢸ࡛

ཎ⇿〇㐀ࡀྍ⬟࡞ᅜࡣ᪥ᮏࡸすࢻ࢖ࢶ࡞࡝㸵࢝ᅜ࡯࡝࠶ࡿࠋ୰ᅜࡣ᰾⊂༨ࡢᡴ◚ࡀ᰾රჾᾘ⁛࡟

ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡍࡿ୍᪉ࠊ⡿ࢯࡣ᰾ᣑᩓࢆ㜼Ṇࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᅜࡢ฼┈ࡔ࡜ッ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦3㸧 NPT ࡢᡂྰ࡟᭷ຊ࡞Ⓨゝᶒࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣᢏ⾡ⓗ࡟᰾Ṋ⿦ࡀྍ⬟࡞᪥ᮏ࡞࡝ࡢ₯ᅾ᰾ಖ᭷ᅜ

࡛࠶ࡿࠋ₯ᅾ᰾ಖ᭷ᅜࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࢆ⤖㞟ࡋࠊ᰾㌷⦰ࡢᐇ⌧ࠊ୰௖ࡢ㌷⦰ウ㆟࡬ࡢཧຍࠊ㠀ಖ᭷ᅜࡢ Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀ᥐ⨨ࢆồࡵ࡚࠸ࡃ࡭ࡁࡔࠋ௨ୖࡢ㆟ㄽࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊ᭱᭷ຊࡢ᰾₯ᅾ⬟ຊࡀ࠶ࡾ⿕⇿య㦂ࢆ

ᣢࡘ᪥ᮏࡀ᰾ၥ㢟ࢆࢱࣈ࣮࠿ࡽゎࡁᨺࡕࠊ᰾㌷⦰ᖹ࿴እ஺ࡢ࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢳࣈࢆ࡜ࡿࡼ࠺ຊㄝࡋࡓࡢ ࡔࡗࡓ³⁶ࠋ

㸱㸬ⱝἨసᡂࠕ᰾ᅄᨻ⟇ࠖ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶ

ࡓࡔࠊⱝἨࡢ୍㐃ࡢㄽᩥ࡜᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝᫂☜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࠕ᰾ࡣಖ᭷ࡋ࡞

࠸ࠊ᰾ࡣ〇㐀ࡶࡋ࡞࠸ࠊ᰾ࢆᣢࡕ㎸ࡲ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇࡢ᰾࡟ᑐࡍࡿ୕ཎ๎ࠊࡑࡢᖹ࿴᠇ἲࡢࡶ࡜ࠊ ࡇࡢ᰾࡟ᑐࡍࡿ୕ཎ๎ࡢࡶ࡜ࠊࡑࡢࡶ࡜࡟࠾࠸࡚᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ࡣ࡝࠺ࡋࡓࡽ࠸࠸ࡢ࠿ࠊࡇࢀࡀ⚾࡟

ㄢࡏࡽࢀࡓ㈐௵࡛ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡍࠖ³⁷ࠋబ⸨ᰤస㤳┦ࡣ1967㸦᫛࿴42㸧ᖺ12᭶11᪥ࡢ⾗㆟㝔ண⟬

ဨ఍࡛ࠊึࡵ࡚㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࢆ᫂ゝࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ┤ᚋࡢ1968ᖺ1᭶30᪥ࠊబ⸨㤳┦ࡣ⾗㆟㝔ᮏ఍㆟

࡛㠀᰾୕ཎ๎࡜ࡣู࡟ࠕ᰾ᅄᨻ⟇ࠖࢆᡴࡕฟࡋࡓ³⁸ࠋ᰾ᅄᨻ⟇ࡣࠊ㸦1㸧㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࢆᏲࡿࠊ㸦2㸧

᰾රჾࡢ⤯⁛ࢆᛕ㢪ࡋࠊᐇ⾜ྍ⬟࡞᰾㌷⦰࡟ຊࢆὀࡄࠊ㸦3㸧㏻ᖖරჾ࡟ࡼࡿ౵␎࡟ࡣ⮬⾨ຊࢆሀ ᣢࡋࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞᰾ࡢ⬣ጾ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢃࡀᅜࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚṆຊ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࠊ㸦4㸧᰾࢚

ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢᖹ࿴฼⏝ࢆ᭱㔜Ⅼᅜ⟇࡜ࡍࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺4ࡘࡢᰕ࠿ࡽᡂࡿࠋ᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡀ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚ Ṇຊ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿᨻ⟇ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ㔜せ࡞Ⓨゝࡔࡗࡓࠋࡔࡀࠊ2 ࡘࡢᨻ⟇ࡢⓎ⾲᫬ᮇࡣⱝἨㄽᩥ

ࡢࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢ࡜୍⮴ࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡑࢀ࡛ࡶⱝἨࡣࠕ᰾㌷⦰ᖹ࿴እ஺ࡢᥦၐ࡛ࠖ㏙࡭ࡓᵓ᝿ࢆᨻᗓࡢእ஺ᙜᒁ⪅࡟ㄝࡃࡇ࡜࡟⇕ᚰ ࡔࡗࡓࠋࠗ௚⟇࠘࡟ࡣࠊ1966ᖺ9᭶2᪥࡟࡯ࡰฟ᮶ୖࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡇࡢᵓ᝿ࡢ㦵Ꮚࢆឡ▱ᥡ୍ᐁᡣ 㛗ᐁ࡟ヰࡋ࡚㈶ྠࢆᚓࡓࡇ࡜ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ឡ▱ࡢせㄳ࡛ྠ 30 ᪥࡟బ⸨㤳┦࡟⊩⟇ࡋࡓ㐓ヰࡀฟ࡚ࡃ

ࡿࠋబ⸨ࡢ཯ᛂࡣࠊ1᫬㛫࠶ࡲࡾ⇕ᚰ࡟ヰࢆ⪺࠸࡚ࡣࡃࢀࡓࡀࠊࠕ⪥Ꮫၥࡢዲࡁ࡞బ⸨Ặ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊ

⚾ࡢᏑᅾࡣከᵝ࡞Ꮫ⪅ࠊᑓ㛛ᐙࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ᪂㢦ࡢ୍ே࡛ࡋ࠿࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠖ⛬ᗘࡢ

ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓ³⁹ࠋ⩣67ᖺ6᭶ୖ᪪࠿ࡽ7᭶ୖ᪪࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ⱝἨࡣḢ⡿ㅖᅜࢆᅇࡾࠊNPTࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟

ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᐁẸ㛵ಀ⪅࡜ᖜᗈࡃពぢ஺᥮ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᖐᅜᚋࡢ7᭶24᪥ࠊ⚟⏣㉰ኵ⮬Ẹඪᖿ஦㛗࡟

ࡑࡢᶍᵝࢆሗ࿌ࡋࡓⱝἨࡣࠊྠ26᪥࡟బ⸨㤳┦࡜㤳┦ᐁ㑰࡛2᫬㛫㏆ࡃどᐹሗ࿌࡜᪥ᮏࡢ✚ᴟ

ⓗ࡞㠀᰾እ஺ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヰࢆࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡶబ⸨ࡢᛕ㢌࡟࠶ࡗࡓࡢࡣ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ᡓதࡢ

36 ᚋ⸨㸦2010㸧139-148㡫ࠋ᳃⏣㸦2011㸧131-135㡫ࠋ

37 ➨57ᅇᅜ఍⾗㆟㝔ண⟬ጤဨ఍㆟㘓➨2 ྕ㸦1967ᖺ12᭶11᪥㸧8㡫ࠋ

38 ➨58ᅇᅜ఍⾗㆟㝔ᮏ఍㆟㘓➨3 ྕ㸦1968ᖺ1᭶30᪥㸧11㡫ࠋ

39 ⱝἨ㸦2009㸧19-21㡫ࠋ

(9)

ᖐ㊅࡛࠶ࡗࡓ⁴⁰ࠋ

1967ᖺ11᭶ࡢ᪥⡿㤳⬻఍ㄯᡴࡕྜࢃࡏࡢࡓࡵࠊ9᭶୰᪪࡟ゼ⡿ࡋࡓ୕ᮌṊኵእ┦ࡀἈ⦖㏉㑏

஺΅࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ᨻᗓࡢዲពⓗ཯ᛂࢆᘬࡁฟࡍࡇ࡜࡟ኻᩋࡍࡿ࡜ࠊⱝἨ࡟኱⤫㡿ࡢពྥࢆ℩

㋃ࡳࡍࡿᛮ࠸ࡀࡅ࡞࠸ᐦ౑ᙺࡀᅇࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠕ୧୕ᖺෆࠖ࡟㏉㑏᫬ᮇࢆྜពࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺᪥

ᮏࡢᕼᮃࢆྠᖺ11᭶15᪥ࡢඹྠࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ⁴¹࡟┒ࡾ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࠊⱝἨࡢྡ๓ࡣ బ⸨㤳┦ࡢ⬻⿬࡟῝ࡃ้ࡲࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓ⁴²ࠋబ⸨ࡀ⾗㆟㝔ண⟬ጤဨ఍࡛♫఍ඪ᭩グ㛗ࠊᡂ⏣

▱ᕭࡢ㉁ၥ࡟⟅࠼ࠊ㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࢆึࡵ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡢࡣࡑࡢ⣙1࢝᭶ᚋࠊ᰾ᅄᨻ⟇ࡢ⾲᫂ࡣࡑ

ࢀ࠿ࡽࡉࡽ࡟50᪥ᚋࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢ᰾ᅄᨻ⟇࡟ⱝἨࡀ῝ࡃ㛵ࢃࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣబ⸨㤳┦㤳ᖍ⛎᭩ᐁࠊᴋ⏣ᐿࡢグ㘓࡞࡝࠿ࡽࡼࡃ▱

ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⁴³ࠋࠗ௚⟇࠘࡟ࡣᙜ᫬ࡢ஦᝟ࡀヲ⣽࡟グࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᫂἞ⓒᖺ࡟࠶ࡓࡿ1968ᖺ1᭶ࠊ

➨58ᅜ఍ࡢ᪋ᨻ᪉㔪₇ㄝ࡙ࡃࡾࢆᴋ⏣ࡢồࡵ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋⱝἨࡣࡇࡢ୰࡛᰾᫬

௦ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ➨୍࡟ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࢆຊㄝࡋࠊᴋ⏣ࡀࡑࢀࢆᡂᩥ໬ࡋࡓ⁴⁴ࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊࡇࡢ₇ㄝࢆ

ཷࡅ࡚㔝ඪࡀ㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࡢᅜ఍Ỵ㆟ࢆồࡵࡿពእ࡞ᒎ㛤࡟࡞ࡿࠋἈ⦖㏉㑏ᚋࡢᇶᆅࡢࠕⓑ⣬ࠖㄽ

ࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡓబ⸨㤳┦࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡇࡢẁ㝵࡛ࡢ㠀᰾Ỵ㆟ᐜㄆࡣ஺΅ࡢᡭࢆ⦡ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾ࠿ࡡ ࡎ⁴⁵ࠊᴋ⏣ࡀ෌ࡧ┦ㄯࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ⁴⁶ࠋ

ⱝἨࡀ୍ᬌ⪃࠼ᢤ࠸࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡢࡀࠊ㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࡢሀᣢࠊ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙࡟ࡼࡿ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚ Ṇຊ࡬ࡢ౫Ꮡࠊ᰾㌷⦰ࡢ᥎㐍ࠊ᰾࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢᖹ࿴฼⏝ࡢ᥎㐍࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇ᅄᮏࡢᰕࠖ

ࡔࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ᰾ᅄᨻ⟇ࡣࠕከᑡᛮ࠸ࡘࡁࡢࡼ࠺࡞࡜ࡇࢁࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࡣ௚ࡢ୕ࡘࡢ᰾ᨻ

⟇ࢆకࡗ࡚ࡣࡌࡵ࡚⥔ᣢ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡔࡅࢆ༢⊂࡛୺ᙇࡍࡿᨻ⟇ࢆ࡜ࡿࢃࡅ࡟ࡣ࠸࠿

࡞࠸ࠖ⁴⁷࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡟≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᴋ⏣ࡣᚋᖺࠊ㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࡢᣢࡕ㎸ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㝣࡟㈓ⶶᗜ

ࢆసࡗࡓࡾࠊᕤሙࢆసࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣἈ⦖ࡢ୰㊥㞳᰾࣑ࢧ࢖࣭࣓࣮ࣝࢫ㹀ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋ

40 ⱝἨ㸦2009㸧23-24㡫ࠋబ⸨ᴿస㸭ఀ⸨㝯┘ಟ㸦1997-99㸧➨3ᕳ109㡫ࠋ7᭶26᪥௜࡟ࠕⱝἨᩗྩ࡜୰㣗ࠋ㣗ᚋ᠓ ㄯࠋ⡿ᅜࡢἈ⦖ࡑࡢ௚࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢពぢࢆ⪺ࡃࠋ࡞ࢇ࡜பࡗ࡚ࡶ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒࡛㢌ࡀ୍ࡥ࠸ࠖ࡜࠶ࡿࠋ

41 ᮾி኱Ꮫᮾὒᩥ໬◊✲ᡤ⏣୰᫂ᙪ◊✲ᐊࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࠕୡ⏺࡜᪥ᮏࠖᡤ཰ࡢబ⸨ᰤస㤳┦࡜ࢪࣙࣥࢯࣥ኱⤫㡿ࡢඹྠࢥ

࣑ࣗࢽࢣཧ↷ࠋhttp://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/indices/JPUS/ 㸦2014ᖺ10᭶25᪥࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧

42 ⱝἨ㸦2009㸧30-37ࠊ68-125㡫ࠋ

43 ᴋ⏣㸭࿴⏣ࠊ஬ⓒ᪝㢌⦅㸦2001㸧163㡫ࠋ2᭶3᪥௜࡟ࠕኤ้ࡲ࡛࠿࠿ࡗ࡚ࠕ࡞ࡐ㠀Ṋ⿦୰❧ࡀ࡜ࢀ࡞࠸࠿ࠖࠕ㠀᰾Ỵ

㆟᱌࡟཯ᑐࡢ⌮⏤ࠖࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࠋⱝἨᩗẶ࡟┦ㄯࠋ༠ຊࢆᚓࡿࠋ᰾ᨻ⟇ᅄᮏࡢᰕࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡃࢀࡓࠋࡍࡗ࠿ࡾⱝἨẶ࡟㢗

ࡿᙧ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ᫖௒ࡔࠋ㸦୰␎㸧ឤㅰࡢ࡯࠿࡞ࡋࠖ࡞࡝࡜࠶ࡿࠋ

44 ᮾ኱ᮾᩥ◊⏣୰᫂ᙪ◊✲ᐊࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࠕୡ⏺࡜᪥ᮏࠖᡤ཰ࡢ1968ᖺ1᭶27᪥ࠊబ⸨㤳┦ࡢ᪋ᨻ᪉㔪₇ㄝཧ↷ࠋబ

⸨ࡣࠕ᰾᫬௦ࢆ࠸࠿࡟⏕ࡁࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࡣࠊ௒᪥ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᅜᐙ࡟ඹ㏻ࡋࡓㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ㸭ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣࠊ᰾රჾࡢ⤯⁛ࢆ

ᛕ㢪ࡋࠊࡳࡎ࠿ࡽࡶ࠶࠼࡚ࡇࢀࢆಖ᭷ࡏࡎࠊࡑࡢᣢࡕ㎸ࡳࡶチࡉ࡞࠸Ỵព࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⡿ࢯ஧኱᰾ಖ᭷

ᅜ࡟⥆ࡁࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࠊ୰ඹࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ❧ሙ࡛᰾රჾࢆ࡚ࡇ࡜ࡋ࡚ᅜᐙ฼┈ࡢ㏣ồࢆࡣ࠿ࢁ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ

ࡲࡍࠋ㸭ࡇࡢࡓࡵࠊࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣࠊᙜ㠃ࠊ᰾රჾᣑᩓ㜵Ṇ࡟㛵ࡍࡿබṇ࡞᮲⣙ࡢ᪩ᮇ⥾⤖࡟ࡘ࡜ࡵࠊࡉࡽ࡟ᅜ㝿㛫ࡢ஺΅

࡟ࡼࡿ᰾㌷⦰ࡢ㐩ᡂ࡟඲ຊࢆഴࡅࡡࡤ࡞ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࡑࡋ࡚᰾ಖ᭷ᅜࡀࠊ᰾රჾ࡛ጾᄐࡋࡓࡾࠊࡇࢀࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ

࡜ࢆ୙ྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿᅜ㝿ୡㄽࢆႏ㉳ࡋࠊே㢮ࡢ⌮ᛶࡀ᰾රჾࢆᨭ㓄ࡍࡿṇᖖ࡞ᅜ㝿⎔ቃࢆࡘࡃࡽࡡࡤ࡞ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ㸭ୡ⏺

࡟࠾ࡅࡿ၏୍ࡢ⿕⇿ᅜẸ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᝒ᝺࡞⤒㦂ࢆᣢࡘࢃࢀࢃࢀࡢⓎゝࡣࠊୡ⏺ᨻ἞ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟㔜኱࡞♧၀ࢆ୚࠼ࠊ኱ࡁ࡞

ᣦᶆ࡜࡞ࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࠖ࡞࡝࡜ッ࠼ࡓࠋ

http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/pm/19680127.SWJ.html㸦2014ᖺ10᭶26᪥࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧 ࡲࡓࠊ୰᭮᰿ᗣᘯ୰ᓥ⌶☻ࠊ᭹㒊㱟஧ࠊ᪼ள⨾Ꮚࠊⱝ᭶⚽࿴ࠊ㐨ୗᚨᡂࠊᴋ⥤Ꮚࠊ℩ᕝ㧗ኸ⦅ࠊ2012ࠊࠗ୰᭮᰿ᗣ ᘯࡀㄒࡿᡓᚋ᪥ᮏእ஺࠘ࠊ᪂₻♫ࠊ179-182㡫ࠋᡤಙ⾲᫂₇ㄝࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ1968ᖺ1᭶26᪥ࡢ㛶㆟࡛ࠊ୰᭮᰿ࡀࠕ᰾ࢆ

సࡽࡎࠖࠕᣢࡓࡎࠖࡢ஧ཎ๎࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠕᣢࡕ㎸ࡲࡏࡎࠖࢆ┒ࡾ㎸ࡳ୕ཎ๎࡜ࡍࡿࡼ࠺୺ᙇࡋࡓ࡜࠶ࡿࠋ

45 ᇶᆅែᵝࡢࠕⓑ⣬ࠖㄽ࠿ࡽࠕ᰾ᢤࡁ࣭ᮏᅵ୪ࡳࠖ㏉㑏ࡢ᪉㔪໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ୰ᓥ㸦2012㸧133-147㡫ࠋ

46 ⱝἨ㸦2009㸧140-141㡫ࠋ

47 ⱝἨ㸦2009㸧140-141㡫ࠋ

(10)

ࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢࡇ࡜ࡲ࡛ゝ࠺࡜࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ඲᰾ᡓ␎య⣔࡟ゐࢀෆᨻᖸ΅࡟࡞ࡿࠊࡑࢀ࡛ࠕ༴

㝤ࢆឤࡌ࡚ᛴ࡟㸦᰾ᅄᨻ⟇ࢆ㸧࡛ࡗࡕ࠶ࡆࡓࠖ࡜ドゝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⁴⁸ࠋ

ᙜ᫬ࠊⱝἨࡀ᰾ᣢࡕ㎸ࡳࡢᐦ⣙ࡲ࡛ᛕ㢌࡟⨨࠸࡚᰾ᅄᨻ⟇ࢆ❧᱌ࡋࡓ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣ୙᫂ࡔࡀࠊࠕ᰾

᫬௦࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪥ᮏࡢ⊂❧࡜Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀ࠖࡀ୍㈏ࡋࡓࢸ࣮࣐ࡔࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ㛫㐪࠸࡞࠸ࠋⱝἨࡢ᰾㌷⦰

ᖹ࿴እ஺ࡣࠊబ⸨㤳┦ࡽ࡜ࡢಶேⓗ࡞ࡘ࡞ࡀࡾ࠿ࡽ᰾ᅄᨻ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚⤖ᐇࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿

ࡶࠊ᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙ࡢሀᣢࢆ๓ᥦ࡟࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚṆຊ࡟඲㠃ⓗ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺㦵᱁ࡣࠊ୰ᅜ᰾

ᐇ㦂┤ᚋ࡟᭩࠿ࢀࡓෆㄪࡢ↓⨫ྡㄽᩥ࡟ࠊ᪩ࡃࡶ┒ࡾ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

㸲㸬ࠕ࢝ࢼ࣐ࣟ఍ࠖࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇◊✲

ⱝἨㄽᩥࠕ୰ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖ࠿ࡽ⣙4ᖺᚋࠊෆㄪࡣࡉࡽ࡟ᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞ጤク◊✲࡟

஌ࡾฟࡋࡓࠋ1968ᖺ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡗࡓ◊✲఍ࡢ୰ᚰ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣᨻ἞Ꮫ⪅ࡢỌ஭㝧அຓ࡛࠶ࡾ⁴⁹ࠊෆ ㄪ࡛Ọ஭࡟ⓑ⩚ࡢ▮ࢆ❧࡚ࡓࡢࡣ௒ᅇࡶᚿᇉẸ㑻࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᚿᇉ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊỌ஭ࡀᮾிᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ ࡢྠ൉࡛᰾໬Ꮫ⪅ࡢᇉⰼ⚽Ṋ⁵⁰࡟ኌࢆ࠿ࡅࠊᇉⰼࡀᨻ἞Ꮫ⪅ࡢ๓⏣ᑑ⁵¹ࢆㄏ࠸ࠊ᭱ᚋ࡟Ọ஭ࡀᅜ㝿 ᨻ἞Ꮫ⪅ࡢ⾀ᒣ㐨㞝⁵²ࢆ࿧ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ◊✲఍ࡣෆㄪࡢእ㒌ᅋయ࡛࠶ࡿ♫ᅋἲே࣭Ẹ୺୺⩏◊✲఍

ࡀ୺ᐓࡋࠊ4ேࡢ㢌ᩥᏐࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚ࠕ࢝ࢼ࣐ࣟ఍ࠖ࡜ྡ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓࠋ

ࠕ6᫬๓㏥ᗇࠋ㸦୰␎㸧ᅄ㇂ࡢ⚟⏣ᐙ⾜ࡁࠋỌ஭㝧அຓẶ࡜๓⏣ᑑẶᅾࡾࠋ㛫ࡶ࡞ࡃᇉⰼ⚽ṊẶ

ࡶ᮶ࡾࠋ㸦୰␎㸧ࣉࣟࣈ࢚ྕ஦௳⁵³ࠊᮅ㩭ၥ㢟ࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ၥ㢟➼ヰࡋྜ࠸ࠊ᮶ᖺᗘࡢ◊✲఍㐠Ⴀ᪉ 㔪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚┦ㄯࠋ⾀ᒣ㐨㞝Ặࢆຍ࠼4ேࡢᖖ௵⌮஦ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ࡚㐠Ⴀࠋ᭶1ᅇࡢ఍ࡢグ㘓㸦ࢸ࣮

ࣉࠊ㏿グ㸧ࢆ࡜ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࠋࢤࢫࢺ᪉ᘧࡶ࡜ࡿࠋ࠶࡜඲Ꮫ㐃ࡢヰࠖࠋࠕᚿᇉ᪥グࠖࡢ1968ᖺ1᭶ 30᪥ࡢ㡯࡟ࡣࠊỌ஭ࠊ๓⏣ࠊᇉⰼࡽࡀ㞟࠸ᮾி࣭⣖ᑿ஭⏫ࡢ⚟⏣ᐙ࡛㛤࠿ࢀࡓ᭱ึࡢᡴࡕྜࢃࡏ ࡢᶍᵝࡀグࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⁵⁴ࠋྠᖺ3᭶18᪥ࡢ㡯࡟ࡣࠊ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡀᨻ἞ⓗࠊᢏ⾡ⓗ࡟ྍ⬟࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡢၥ 㢟࡞࡝◊✲ィ⏬ࢆ᳨ウࡋࠊྛ㒊㛛ࡢᢸᙜㅮᖌࢆỴᐃࡋ࡚ࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝࢆసࡗࡓ᪨ࡢグ㏙ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

࢝ࢼ࣐ࣟ఍ࡣࠊ⾀ᒣࡀㄪᰝᐊ㛗ࢆົࡵ࡚࠸ࡓᅜ㝿ᩥ໬఍㤋ࢆ୺఍ሙ࡟1969ᖺ2᭶21᪥ࡲ࡛ࠊ

᭶࡟1ᅇ௨ୖࡢ࣮࣌ࢫ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋ1968ᖺ7᭶12ࠊ13୧᪥࡟ࡣ㍍஭ἑ࡛Ἡࡾࡀࡅࡢ◊✲఍ࡶ㛤 ࡃ࡞࡝ࠕᚿᇉ᪥グࠖ࠿ࡽุ᫂ࡋࡓࡔࡅ࡛16ᅇࡢ఍ྜࢆ㔜ࡡࡓࠋࢤࢫࢺ࡟ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࣟࢣࢵࢺᕤ

48 ẖ᪥᪂⪺ࠕ⅊Ⰽࡢ㡿ᇦࠖྲྀᮦ⌜ࠊ1981ࠊࠕドゝ㘓ࠖࠋࠕ⅊Ⰽࡢ㡿ᇦࠖྲྀᮦ⌜ࡣࠊࠗẖ᪥᪂⪺࠘1981ᖺ4᭶21᪥㹼6᭶18

᪥ᮅห࡟ࠕ⅊Ⰽࡢ㡿ᇦࠖࢆ23ᅇ㐃㍕ࡋࠊྠᖺ5᭶18᪥ᮅห࡛ࣛ࢖ࢩ࣮ࣕ࣡ඖ㥔᪥⡿኱౑ࡢࠕ᰾ᣢࡕ㎸ࡳⓎゝࠖࢆࢫ ࢡ࣮ࣉࡋࡓࠋ᰾ᐦ⣙ࡢඛ㥑ⓗྲྀᮦグ㘓ࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉࡗࡓᩪ⸨᫂Ặࡢࡈᩍ♧࡟ឤㅰࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

49 Ọ஭ࡣᙜึࠊᨻ἞ព㆑ࡸᨻ἞⾜ືࡢ◊✲࡟ᚑ஦ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊࣁ࣮ࣂ࣮ࢻ኱Ꮫᐈဨᩍᤵ࡜ࡋ࡚ᅾ⡿୰ࡔࡗࡓ1962ᖺ10

᭶࡟࣮࢟ࣗࣂ༴ᶵ࡟┤㠃ࡋࠊᅜ㝿ᨻ἞ࡢၥ㢟࡟ഴಽࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿࠋỌ஭Ặࡢ␎Ṕ➼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᅵᒣᐿ

⏨ࠊ2000ࠊࠕỌ஭ᨻ἞Ꮫࡢ೧ᴗࢆ⛠࠼࡚ ࣜ࢔ࣜࢬ࣒ᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫࡢᮏ㉁ࠖࠗ㟷ᒣᅜ㝿ᨻ⤒ㄽ㞟 Ọ஭㝧அຓᩍᤵ㏥௵グ ᛕྕ࠘ࠊ➨50ྕࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫᅜ㝿ᨻ἞⤒῭Ꮫ఍ࠊ33-53㡫ࠋ

50 ᇉⰼࡣᡓ᫬୰ࠊோ⛉ⰾ㞝༤ኈࡢࡶ࡜⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡛᰾ศ⿣ࡢ◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇࡔࠋ1977㹼1980ᖺࠊᅜ㝿ཎᏊຊᶵ㛵㸦IAEA㸧

஦ົᒁḟ㛗ࠋ㧗㱋ࡢࡓࡵࠊṧᛕ࡞ࡀࡽ㠃఍ࡀ࠿࡞ࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

51 ๓⏣ࡣඖᮅ᪥᪂⪺グ⪅ࠊඖୖᬛ኱Ꮫᅜ㝿㛵ಀ◊✲ᡤ㛗ࠋ㌷⦰ၥ㢟◊✲ᐙࠋ๓⏣ᑑࠊ1968ࠊࠗ㌷⦰஺΅ྐ 1945ᖺ㸫1967 ᖺ࠘ࠊᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍ࠊࢆཧ↷ࠋ๓⏣ࠊ1964ᖺࠊࠕ͆୰ᅜࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂͇࡜ࡑࡢ⾪ᧁࠖࠗᮅ᪥ࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣝ࠘ࠊ10᭶25᪥ྕࠊᮅ

᪥᪂⪺♫ࠊ12-19㡫ࠊ࡟ࡣࠊᇳ➹࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚⾀ᒣ㐨㞝ࡽ࡟ୡヰ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ᪨ࡢグ㏙ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊぶ஺ࡪࡾࡀ࠺࠿ࡀ࠼ࡿࠋ

52 ⾀ᒣࡣඖᅜ㝿ᩥ໬఍㤋ㄪᰝᐊ㛗ࠊඖୖᬛ኱Ꮫᩍᤵࠋ᪥୰ᅜ஺ṇᖖ໬ᅜẸ༠㆟఍ࡢ௦⾲ୡヰேࢆົࡵࡓࠋ

53 1968ᖺ1᭶23᪥࡟⡿ᾏ㌷ࡢ᝟ሗ཰㞟Ⰴࣉࣟࣈ࢚ࡀᮅ㩭Ẹ୺୺⩏ேẸඹ࿴ᅜ㸦໭ᮅ㩭㸧࡟ᢼ⮴ࡉࢀࡓ஦௳ࠋ➨1ᅇ◊

✲఍ࡣࡇࡢ஦௳┤ᚋ࡟㛤࠿ࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

54 ࡇࡢ᫬࡟ࡣࡲࡔࠕ࢝ࢼ࣐ࣟ఍ࠖࡢྡ⛠ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࠕᚿᇉ᪥グࠖࡢḍእ࡟ࡣࠕᇉⰼࠊỌ஭ࠊ๓⏣఍ࠖ࡜ࡢ㉮ࡾ᭩ࡁࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

᪥グࡢྠᖺ2᭶9᪥ࡢ㡯࡟ࡣࠊ๓⏣ࡽ࡜୍⥴࡟⾀ᒣ࡟఍࠸ࠊඹྠ◊✲ࢆ౫㢗ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࠊࢃࡀᅜࡢᐇ㝿ࡢ᰾⬟ຊࢆㄆ㆑ࡍ

ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓヰࡀฟࡓ᪨ࡢグ㏙ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠕ࢝ࢼ࣐ࣟ఍ࠖࡢྡ⛠ࡀึࡵ࡚Ⓩሙࡍࡿࡢࡣྠᖺ3᭶18᪥ࡢ㡯ࠋ

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Ꮫࡢࣃ࢖࢜ࢽ࢔ࡢ୍ே࡛࠶ࡿᒸᮏဴྐࠊ᪥ᮏཎᏊຊⓎ㟁࠿ࡽᚋ࡟ࢪࣗࢿ࣮ࣈ㌷⦰఍㆟᪥ᮏᨻᗓ௦

⾲㒊኱౑࡟㌿ࡌࡓ௒஭㝯ྜྷࠊ㌷஦ホㄽᐙࡢ㛵㔝ⱥኵࠊᅜ㝿ᨻ἞Ꮫ⪅ࡢ㧗ᆏṇሕࠊ⤫ィᩘ⌮◊✲ᡤ ࡢ㕥ᮌ㐩୕ࡽࠊ㗿ࠎࡓࡿ㢦ࡪࢀࡀ୪ࢇࡔࠋ

⣙8࢝᭶࡟ࢃࡓࡿウ㆟ࡢᮎࠊ1968ᖺ9᭶࡟᏶ᡂࡋࡓࡢࡀࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲

㸦ࡑࡢ୍㸧࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲㸦ࡑࡢ஧㸧ࠖࡣࡸࡸ㐜ࢀ࡚1970ᖺ1᭶

࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࠕࡑࡢ୍ࠖ࡟ࡣࠕ⊂❧᰾ᡓຊ๰タࡢᢏ⾡ⓗ࣭⤌⧊ⓗ࣭㈈ᨻⓗྍ⬟ᛶࠖࡢ๪㢟ࡀࠊ ࠕࡑࡢ஧ࠖ࡟ࡣࠕ⊂❧᰾ᡓຊࡢᡓ␎ⓗ࣭እ஺ⓗ࣭ᨻ἞ⓗㅖၥ㢟ࠖࡢ๪㢟ࡀ௜ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࠕࡑࡢ

୍ࠖࡢෑ㢌࡛◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡀㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࠊࠕࡑࡢ஧ࠖࡢᮎᑿ࡟඲యࡢ⤖ㄽࡀ⨨࠿ࢀࡓࠋᚿᇉࡢㄝ᫂࡟ࡼ

ࡿ࡜ࠊࠕࡑࡢ୍ࠖࡣᇉⰼࡀࠊࠕࡑࡢ஧ࠖࡣ⾀ᒣࡀ୺࡟ᇳ➹࡟࠶ࡓࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ

ࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲㸦ࡑࡢ୍㸧ࠖࡣB5ุ62㡫ࡢ⢭ᐦ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏᩥࡣࠊ 㸦A㸧᰾⇿ᙎ〇㐀࡟㛵ࡍࡿၥ㢟Ⅼࠊ㸦B㸧᰾ศ⿣ᛶ≀㉁〇㐀ࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࠊ㸦C㸧ࣟࢣࢵࢺᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࡢ⌧

≧ࠊ㸦D㸧ㄏᑟ⿦⨨㛤Ⓨࡢ⌧≧ࠊ㸦E㸧ேⓗ࣭⤌⧊ⓗഃ㠃ࠊ㸦F㸧㈈ᨻୖࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࠊࡢ6❶௙❧࡚࡟

࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⁵⁵ࠋⱝἨࡢࠕ୰ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖ࡟ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡢᢏ⾡ⓗ㠃࠿ࡽࡢ

᳨ウࡀヲ⣽࡟࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦⚾ⓗࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣭Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀ㄪᰝ఍࡟ࡼࡿࠕ᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀 1970ᖺ࡬

ࡢᒎᮃ 1968ᖺ∧ࠖࡶヲ⣽࡞᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࠊ⤌⧊ⓗഃ㠃ࠊ㈈ᨻⓗഃ㠃࠿ࡽࡢ᳨ウࡶእົ┬

ࡢእ஺ᨻ⟇௻⏬ጤဨ఍࡞࡝࡟ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ከ㠃ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࠋࣉࣝࢺࢽ࣒࢘ཎ⇿࡞ࡽ〇㐀ᮇ㛫 ࡣඛ㐍᰾ಖ᭷ᅜࡢ౛࠿ࡽぢ࡚5㹼6ᖺࠊ⊂❧᰾ᡓຊࢆಖ᭷ࡍࡿࢥࢫࢺࡣᑠつᶍ㧗ᛶ⬟᰾ᡓຊ㸦ࣇ

ࣛࣥࢫࡢᑠᆺ∧㸧࡛ࡶ10ᖺ㛫࡟ᖺᖹᆒ2016൨෇ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ⯆࿡῝࠸᥎ィࡶ┒ࡾ㎸ࡲ

ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢศᯒࡣ௚✏࡟ㆡࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲㸦ࡑࡢ

஧㸧ࠖࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ

㸳㸬୰ᅜࡢ⬣ጾ࡜ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢඛ౛

ࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲㸦ࡑࡢ஧㸧ࠖࡣB5ุ28㡫ࡢࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ࡞ᵓᡂ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ◊

✲඲యࢆࡉࡽ࡟≉ᚩ࡙ࡅࡿෆᐜࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ⁵⁶ࠋࡣࡋࡀࡁ࡟⥆࠸࡚ࠊᮏᩥࡣ㸦A㸧୰ᅜࡢ᰾ࡢ⬣ጾ

࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㸦B㸧᪥ᮏࡢ┤㠃ࡍࡿ᰾ᡓ␎ୖࡢㅖၥ㢟ࠊ㸦C㸧᰾රჾ࡜እ஺࣭ᨻ἞ၥ㢟ࠊ࡜࠸࠺3❶࠿

ࡽᡂࡾࠊ⤖ㄽ࡟⮳ࡿ┠ḟࡀグࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྛ❶ࡣ኱せḟࡢ㏻ࡾ⁵⁷ࠋ

㸦A㸧୰ᅜࡢ᰾ࡢ⬣ጾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ୰ᅜࡣỈ⇿ࡢᑠᆺ㍍㔞໬ࡶ㛗㊥㞳࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝࡢ㛤Ⓨࡶࠊ࠿࡞ࡾࡢ 㐍Ṍࢆ㐙ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡳࡽࢀࡿࠋ1970ᖺ௦࡟࠾࠸࡚୰ᅜࡀ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝኱㝣࡟ᑐࡋ࡚┤᥋᰾ᨷᧁࢆຍ࠼

ࡿ⬟ຊࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡣ☜ᐇ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ୍ᒙ᪩࠸᫬ᮇ࡟ᨷᧁྍ⬟ࡢẁ㝵࡟㐩ࡍࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

୰ᅜࡀ኱㝣㛫ᙎ㐨࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝ㸦ICBM㸧ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ⥆ࡅࡿ≺࠸࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 㸦1㸧࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡲࡓࡣࢯ㐃ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⡿ࢯ୧ᅜ࡬ࡢ᰾ᢚṆຊࢆᣢࡘࠊ㸦2㸧ᙜ㠃ࠊ୰㊥㞳ᙎ㐨࣑ࢧ

࢖ࣝ㸦IRBM㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᪥ᮏࢆྵࡴ㏆㞄ᆅᇦ࡬ࡢ᰾ᨷᧁ⬟ຊࢆ☜ಖࡋࠊࡇࡢᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⡿ࢯࡢ

㌷஦ⓗ⾜ືࢆไ⣙ࡍࡿࠊ㸦3㸧⡿ࢯࡢ᰾ᨷᧁࢆᢚṆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽேẸゎᨺᡓதࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ㏆㞄ㅖ ᅜ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᰾ᜢ႑⬟ຊࢆ㌟࡟ࡘࡅࡿࠊ㸦4㸧ࡶࡗࡥࡽẸ᪘ⓗጾಙࡢ㧗ᥭ࡜୰ᅜཬࡧ཭ዲᅜேẸࡢ⢭

55 ᇉⰼ࡯࠿㸦1968㸧1-62㡫ࠋ

56 ᇉⰼࠊỌ஭ࠊ๓⏣ࠊ⾀ᒣࠊ1970ࠊࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲㸦ࡑࡢ஧㸧ࠖࠊ♫ᅋἲே࣭Ẹ୺୺⩏◊✲఍ࠋ

57 ᇉⰼ࡯࠿㸦1970㸧2-28㡫ࠋ

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⚄ⓗ㰘⯙࡟฼⏝ࡍࡿࠊ㸦5㸧ᑐ⡿㜵⾨ᡓ࡟ࢯ㐃ࢆᘬࡁ㎸ࡴࡓࡵࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢ࠺ࡕ᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀࡜᰾ᨻ⟇ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࠿ࡽࡳ࡚᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞ࡢࡣࠊ㸦2㸧࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿࠕ᰾ᜢ႑ࠖ

ࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡑࢀ࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࠕ᰾ࡢചࡢಙ៰ᛶࠖࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ୰ᅜࡀ᪥ᮏ࡟᰾ᜢ႑ࢆ

ຍ࠼ࡿሙྜ࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊᮅ㩭༙ᓥ࡛෌ࡧṊຊ⣮தࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࠊ⡿㡑୧㌷ࡀຎໃ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ ሙྜࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡀ໭ᮅ㩭㌷࡟ᑐࡋᡓ⾡᰾රჾࢆ౑࠾࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࠊ㏫࡟໭ᮅ㩭㌷ࡀ

ຎໃ࡟࡞ࡗࡓሙྜࡶࠊ୰ᅜࡀ᪥ᮏ࡟᰾ᜢ႑ࢆຍ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ᪥ᮏ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㠀ᖖ࡟ᅔ㞴࡞ၥ 㢟ࡔࡀࠊ௬࡟᪥ᮏࡀᜢ႑ࢆ↓どࡋ࡚ᜢ႑ࡢ┠ⓗࡀᯝࡓࡏ࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊ᪥ᮏࢆ᰾ᨷᧁࡋ࡚ࡶ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝

ࡢᡓ⾡᰾౑⏝ࢆ㜼Ṇࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ୰ᅜࡣᖖ࡟࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ሗ᚟ຊࢆ⪃៖࡟ධࢀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ

࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ᰾ࡢചࡢᮏ㉁࡛࠶ࡿࠋゝ࠸᥮࠼ࢀࡤࠊ᰾ࡢചࡢಙ៰ᛶࡣ஧ࡘࡢ᰾ಖ᭷ᅜࡢ㛫ࡢ ᚰ⌮ⓗ┦஫స⏝࡟㑏ඖࡉࢀࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࡼ࠺࡟᰾ࡢചࢆࡉࡋ࠿ࡅ࡚ࡶࡽࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᅜࡀ㑅ᢥᶒࢆᣢ࡚ࡿ

ၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡛ࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ᮏᅵࡀࢯ㐃ࡢ᰾࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝࡢᑕ⛬ෆ࡟ධࡗ ࡓ᫬࠿ࡽࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ࡢച࡟␲ᛕࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡣ໭኱すὒ᮲⣙ᶵᵓ㸦NATO㸧࠿ࡽ㌷஦

ⓗ࡟⬺㏥ࡋ࡚⊂❧᰾ᡓຊࢆ๰タࡍࡿ࡟⮳ࡗࡓࠋ୰ᅜࡶྠᵝࡢ⌮⏤࠿ࡽ༢⊂᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆỴពࡋࡓ࡜ࡳ

ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࡛ࡣ᪥ᮏࡶ୰ᅜࡢ᰾࣑ࢧ࢖ࣝࡀ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ᮏᅵ࡟ᒆࡃࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿẁ㝵࡛᰾Ṋ⿦࡟㋃ࡳษࡿ

࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ

㸦B㸧᪥ᮏࡢ┤㠃ࡍࡿ᰾ᡓ␎ୖࡢㅖၥ㢟 ࠸ࡗࡓࢇ᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆጞࡵࡿ࡜ࠊ㠀⬤ᙅ࡞ሗ᚟⬟ຊࢆᣢࡘ ດຊࢆ㝈ࡾ࡞ࡃ⥆ࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟ࡣࠊேཱྀᐦᗘࡀ୰ᅜࡢ3.6ಸ࡟㐩ࡋࠊ

⥲ேཱྀࡢ50.1㸣ࡀᮾᾏ㐨࣓࣏࢞ࣟࣜࢫ࡟㞟୰ࡋ㸦1968ᖺ10᭶⌧ᅾ㸧ࠊ୺せ⏘ᴗ᪋タࡶࡑࡇ࡟㞟

୰ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ୍ⓎࡢỈ⇿ࡶチᐜ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊABM⁵⁸ࡶ࢔࣓࡛ࣜ࢝ࡍࡽಙ㢗࡛ࡁ

ࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ

㸦C㸧᰾Ṋ⿦࡜እ஺࣭ᨻ἞ၥ㢟 ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ㝿ࠊ୍ࡘࡢඛ౛࡟ࡍ࡭ࡁࡣࣇࣛࣥ

ࢫ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢻࢦ࣮ࣝ㸦Charles de Gaulle㸧๓኱⤫㡿ࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆᡓ␎ⓗ࡟⿬௜ࡅࡓࡢࡣ࢞ࣟ࣡

ᑗ㌷࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ከゅⓗ⪃ᐹࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦1㸧ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡣNATO ࡢᚋ⾨ⓗᆅ఩࡟࠶ࡾࠊᏳ඲ᗘࡣすࢻ࢖ࢶࡼࡾ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡶすࢻ࢖ࢶࡀ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ࡢച࡟

౫Ꮡࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡣ᰾Ṋ⿦࡟㋃ࡳษࡿఱࡽ࠿ࡢ᮲௳ࢆഛ࠼࡚࠸ࡓ࡜

ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ㸦2㸧ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡣࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞᰾ࡢചࡢୗ࡛ᑠࡉ࡞᰾ࡢചࢆᗈࡆࡓ࡟ࡍࡂ࡞࠸ࠋ㸦3㸧

ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ᰾ᡓ␎ၥ㢟ࡢ➨୍ே⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࢔ࣥࢻ࣭࣮ࣞ࣎ࣇࣝ㸦André Beaufre㸧ᑗ㌷࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ

⡿ࢯ௨እࡢ➨୕ᅜࡀ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡍࡿព࿡ࡣࠊ᰾኱ᅜࢆࡑࡢពᚿ࡟཯ࡋ࡚࡛ࡶ᰾ᡓத࡟ᕳࡁ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡋࡲ

࠺௙⤌ࡳࢆࡘࡃࡿࡇ࡜࡛᰾኱ᅜࡢ᰾ᢚṆຊࡢಙ៰ᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࡇࢀࡣ᰾኱ᅜ ࡢ᎘࠺࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊNPTࡢពᅗࡣࡇࡇ࡟࠶ࡿࠋ㸦4㸧௚᪉ࠊࢻࢦ࣮ࣝࡣ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡟࠾࠸࡚᰾

ࡢ౑⏝ࢆྵࡴ㌷஦౵␎ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡃぢ㏻ࡋࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ㸦5㸧ࡑࡢぢ㏻ࡋࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸

ࡓ࠿ࡽࡇࡑࠊࢻࢦ࣮ࣝࡣࢯ㐃ࢆࡣࡌࡵᮾḢㅖᅜ࡜ࡢ⥭ᙇ⦆࿴࡟஌ࡾฟࡋࡓࠋ㸦6㸧ྠ᫬࡟ࢻࢦ࣮ࣝ

ࡣࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢᑐ௖ឤ᝟ᝏ໬ࡀ㐍ࡳ㐣ࡂ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺እ஺ⓗ㓄៖ࢆᡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋせࡍࡿ࡟ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ

᰾Ṋ⿦ࡣࠊ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢᣦᑟⓗ❧ሙࢆ෌☜❧ࡍࡿᨻ἞ⓗពᅗࡢ᪉ࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓ

࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

58 ト5ࡢᩥ⊩ཧ↷ࠋ

(13)

ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⾜ືࡣ༙ࡤᡂຌࡋࠊ༙ࡤኻᩋࡋࡓ࡜ぢࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆ⪃࠼

ࡿሙྜࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡣ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡜㐪࠸ࠊᩥ໬ⓗࠊṔྐⓗࠊ♫఍ⓗࠊᨻ἞ⓗࠊ⤒῭ⓗ࡟➼㉁ᛶࡢ㧗࠸

ᅜᐙ⩌࠿ࡽࡣᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ᰾ࡢ⬣ጾࡀࢯ㐃ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ᪥ᮏࡣࢯ㐃࡜

୰ᅜࡢ2ᅜ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ࢔ࢪ࢔࡛ࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚṆຊࡶᮅ㩭ᡓதࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ᡓதࢆ㜼Ṇ࡛ࡁ࡞

࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡟␃ពࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡀ௚ࡢNATOㅖᅜ࡟⬣ጾࢆឤࡌࡉࡏ ࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ᪥ᮏࡀ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡍࢀࡤ୰ᅜ࡟㆙ᡄᚰࢆᢪ࠿ࡏࠊࢯ㐃ࡸ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢᑐ᪥⊜␲ᚰࢆ㧗

ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ␲࠸࡞࠸ࠋ᰾ࡢ┦஫ᢚṆࡀᏳᐃⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ1962ᖺࡢ࣮࢟ࣗࣂ஦௳ᚋࠊ

⡿ࢯ୧ᅜ㛫࡟ࠕ࣍ࢵࢺࣛ࢖ࣥࠖࡀᘬ࠿ࢀࡓ஦ᐇ࠿ࡽࡶศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᩛᑐ⪅㛫࡟ពᛮ␯㏻ࡢࢳࣕ

ࣥࢿࣝࡀ☜❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ୙ྍḞࡢせ௳࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡿ࡟᪥୰㛫࡟ࡣእ஺㛵ಀࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ᪥ࢯ㛫 ࡢ໭᪉㡿ᅵၥ㢟ࡣゎỴࡢ࣓ࢻࡉ࠼❧ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏࢆࡵࡄࡿእ஺ⓗ᮲௳ࡣ࠿ࡃࡶᝏࡃࠊ᪥ᮏᅜ ෆࡶ᰾Ṋ⿦ࢆỴᐃࡍࢀࡤᨻ἞୙Ᏻࢆ୍ᒙ㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ᝿ീ࡟㞴ࡃ࡞࠸ࠋ

⤖ㄽ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢศᯒࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࡀ᰾Ṋ⿦࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㧗ࡲࡿ࡜࠸࠺⤖ㄽࡣฟ࡚ࡇ

࡞࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏࡣ㒊ศⓗ᰾ᐇ㦂⚗Ṇ᮲⣙࡟ຍ┕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ᰾ᙎ㢌ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡣࡍ࡭࡚ᆅୗᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡽࡡ ࡤ࡞ࡽࡎࠊࡑࢀࡀ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ᮲⣙ࢆ◚Რࡍࢀࡤࠊࡇࢀ࡯࡝ࡢᅜ㝿⥭ᙇࡢ⃭໬せᅉࡣ࡞

࠸ࠋNPTᡂ❧ࡢ㐣⛬࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ᰾ᙎ㢌ࢆእᅜ࠿ࡽࡶࡽ࠸࠺ࡅࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡞࠸ࠋࡘࡲ

ࡾ᪥ᮏࡣࠊᢏ⾡ⓗࠊእ஺ⓗࠊᨻ἞ⓗ࡟᰾රჾࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡣ᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲

ಖ㞀࡟࡜ࡗ࡚࣐࢖ࢼࢫ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ᰾ಖ᭷ࡀ୍᫬ⓗ࡟ࢼࢩࣙࢼࣜࢬ࣒ࢆ‶㊊ࡉࡏࡓ࡜ࡋ

࡚ࡶຠᯝࡣ㛗⥆ࡁࡏࡎࠊࡼࡾᅔ㞴࡞ᣊ᮰᮲௳ࢆసࡾฟࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᰾රჾࡀ኱ᅜࡢ᮲

௳࡛࠶ࡿ᫬௦ࡣཤࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᪥ᮏࡣᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ඲ࡃ᪂ࡋ࠸ほⅬ࠿ࡽከゅⓗ࡟ゎỴࡋ࡚

࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

㸴㸬Ọ஭ࡢ1966ᖺㄽᩥ࡜⾀ᒣᬌᖺࡢドゝ

ࠕࡑࡢ୍ࠖࠕࡑࡢ஧ࠖ࠿ࡽᡂࡿࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲ࠖࡣࠊ1964 ᖺ 10᭶ࡢ୰ᅜ

᰾ᐇ㦂࠿ࡽ1࢝᭶༙ᚋ࡟ⱝἨᩗࡀ୍ே࡛ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࠕ୰ඹࡢ᰾ᐇ㦂࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠖࡼࡾ᱁ẁ࡟

⥲ྜⓗ࠿ࡘᐇドⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ᰾ศ⿣ᛶ≀㉁〇㐀ࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࡸ㒊ศⓗ᰾ᐇ㦂೵Ṇ᮲⣙ຍ┕࡟ࡼ

ࡿᐇ㦂ࡢไ⣙࡜࠸ࡗࡓᢏ⾡ⓗഃ㠃࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎࠊ㈈ᨻୖࡢၥ㢟࡞࡝࡟ࡶලయⓗ࡞᳨ウࢆຍ࠼ࡓࠋ ࡉࡽ࡟≉ᚩⓗ࡞ࡢࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡀ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡋࡓ㝿ࡢ฼ᐖᚓኻ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ୰ᅜࡢ᰾රჾࡢศᯒ࡟ຍ࠼ࠊ1960 ᖺ 2 ᭶࡟༢⊂᰾Ṋ⿦࡟㋃ࡳษࡗࡓࣇࣛࣥࢫࢆ౛࡟᪥ᮏ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ஺࠼࡚⪃ᐹࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࢆ࡝࠺ホ౯ࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠋ᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ

◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒࢆ♧ࡍࠊ࢝ࢼ࣐ࣟ఍࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢドゝࡀṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⾀ᒣ㐨㞝ࡣ⣙30ᖺᚋࡢ2000 ᖺࠊࣀࣥࣇ࢕ࢡࢩࣙࣥࣛ࢖ࢱ࣮ࡢྲྀᮦ࡟ᛂࡌࠊ◊✲ࡢᴫせࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ⁵⁹ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ஸࡃ࡞ࡿ 3 ᖺ๓ࡢ 2006 ᖺ࡟ࡣ࣓࣮࣐ࣝ࢞ࢪࣥ࡟ᐤ✏ࡋࠊᙜ᫬ࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦◊✲ࢆᅇ㢳ࡋࠊࡑࡢ⌧௦ⓗព࿡ࢆㄽ ࡌࡓ⁶⁰ࠋ2000 ᖺࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮࡛ࣗ⾀ᒣࡣ◊✲఍ࡢ᫬௦ⓗ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ1968 ᖺ࡟᪥ᮏࡀึࡵ࡚

59 ⾀ᒣ㐨㞝ࠊ⚄⏣᠇⾜ᵓᡂࠊ2000ࠊࠕ30ᖺ๓ࡢࠕ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡣ୙ྍ⬟ࠖࡢ⤖ㄽࡣ௒ࡶ⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠖࠗSAPIO࠘ࠖࠊ1᭶26᪥㸭2

᭶9᪥ྕࠊᑠᏛ㤋ࠊ26-28㡫ࠋ

60 ⾀ᒣ㐨㞝ࠊ2006ࠊࠕ᪥ᮏ᰾Ṋ⿦ㄽᢈุࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽࠖࠗ࢜ࣝࢱ࠘ࠊ35 ྕࠊ࢜ࣝࢱ࣮ࢡࣛࣈࠋ࢜ࣝࢱࡣࠕ໭ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢᖹ࿴

☜❧ࢆ㍈࡜ࡋࡓᅜ㝿༠ㄪࡸࠊᨻᐁ㈈⒵╔࡟ࡼࡿ㛢ሰ≧ἣࢆኚ㠉ࡋࠊ⎔ቃࢆಖ඲ࡋ࡚ᩥ໬㇏࠿࡞᪥ᮏࡢ᫂᪥ࢆᣅࡁࡓ࠸ࠖ

ᕷẸ࡛ࡘࡃࡿ࢜ࣝࢱ࣮ࢡࣛࣈࡀⓎಙࡍࡿ࣓࣮࣐ࣝ࢞ࢪࣥࠋᇳ➹⪅ࡣᅜ఍㆟ဨࠊ኱Ꮫᩍᤵࠊࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣜࢫࢺࡽࠋ http://www.alter-magazine.jp/index.php?%E7%AC%AC35%E5%8F%B7%EF%BC%882006.11.20%29 㸦2015 ᖺ 5

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㈠᫆㯮Ꮠ࡟㌿ࡌࡿ୰࡛ࠊ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡋࡓሙྜࡢୡ⏺ࡢ཯ᛂࢆෆㄪࡣ▱ࡾࡓ࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺࡜᥎ᐃࡋ࡞

ࡀࡽࠊ୰ᅜࡀୡ⏺➨5ࡢ᰾ಖ᭷ᅜ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ⾪ᧁࡸࠊNPTࡢㄪ༳࣭ᢈ෸ࡀᅜෆ࡛ᨻ἞ၥ㢟໬ࡋࡘࡘ

࠶ࡗࡓ஦᝟ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ࠺࠼࡛ࠕ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᅜ㝿ᨻ἞ⓗ࡟ከ኱࡞࣐࢖ࢼࢫ࡛࠶

ࡾࠊᏳ඲ಖ㞀ୖࡢຠᯝࡶⴭࡋࡃῶ㏥ࡍࡿࠖ࡜⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅࡓࡢࡣࠕᅜ㝿㛵ಀࠊእ஺࠿ࡽ═ࡵ࡚ࠕᦆࠖ

ࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࠕࠕᖹ࿴᠇ἲࠖࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ᰾ࢆసࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝ࠸ศࡣୡ⏺࡟㏻⏝

ࡋ࡞࠸ࡋࠊࠕ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡶ᰾ಖ᭷ࡣ୙ྍ⬟ࡔࠖ࡜ᙉㄪࡋࡓࠋ

2006ᖺࡢㄽᩥࡣࠊࡇࡢᖺ10᭶9᪥࡟໭ᮅ㩭ࡀึࡢᆅୗ᰾ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ࡜Ⓨ⾲ࡋࠊ⮬Ẹඪࡢ୰

ᕝ᫛୍ᨻㄪ఍㛗ࡸ㯞⏕ኴ㑻እົ኱⮧ࡽ࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦࡟ゝཬࡍࡿⓎゝࡀ┦ḟ࠸ࡔࡇ࡜ࢆ៧៖ࡋ ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ⁶¹ࠋ໭ᮅ㩭᰾ᐇ㦂ᚋࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ㄽࡢ┒ࡾୖࡀࡾࡣࠊ1964ᖺࡢ୰ᅜ᰾ᐇ㦂ᚋࡢ᪥ᮏᨻᗓ

࿘㎶ࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ㄽࢆᙸᙿ࡜ࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓ⁶²ࠋࡇࡢ⾀ᒣㄽᩥࡢ≉ᚩࡣࠊ1964ᖺᙜ᫬ࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦◊✲

ࡢ▱ぢࢆᇶ࡟ࠊᢚṆຊࡢព࿡ࢆ୎ᑀ࡟ゎㄝࡋࠊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚṆຊࡀᦂࡽࡄせ௳࡜ࡣఱ࠿ࢆ᳨ウ ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ࡲࡎᢚṆຊࡢព࿡࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊྠㄽᩥࡣࠕఱࡽ࠿ࡢᡭẁ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚┦ᡭ࡟ᜍᛧᚰࢆᢪ࠿ࡏࠊ✚ᴟ⾜

ືࢆྲྀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᛮ࠸Ṇࡲࡽࡏࡿࠖ“ᚰ⌮స⏝”ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࠕ㜵ᚚࠖࡢ≀⌮ⓗ࡞ຊࡸࠊᘪ

▮ࡸᵕࢆ㜵ࡄࠕ┪ࠖࡢ“≀⌮ⓗస⏝”࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿࠋᢚṆ࡟㔜せ࡞ࡢࡣࠊࡑࡢᶵ⬟ࡀ

኱㔞◚ቯࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍᨷᧁຊ࠿ࡽ⏕ࡲࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࠊᚲせ࡞᫬࡟ࡣඛไᨷᧁࡶ㎡ࡉ࡞࠸ពᚿࡢຊ࡟

ࡼࡗ࡚ᨭ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜㏙࡭ࡿࠋࡶ࠺୍ࡘ㔜せ࡞ࡢࡀࠕ᰾ሗ᚟⬟ຊ㸦➨஧ᧁ⬟ຊ㸧ࡢ㠀

⬤ᙅ໬࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊᩛᑐࡍࡿ᰾ಖ᭷ᅜࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ㠀⬤ᙅ࡞᰾ሗ᚟⬟ຊࢆᩚഛࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࠕ┦஫☜ド◚ቯࠖ

㸦Mutual Assured Destruction: MAD㸧࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ┦஫᰾ᢚṆࡢ≧ែ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋABMࡀ᏶

ᡂࡍࢀࡤࠊ┦஫☜ド◚ቯࡢᇶᮏ᮲௳ࡀኻࢃࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᣦ᦬ࡋࡓࠋ

ࡉࡽ࡟᰾ᢚṆຊࡢ⌮ㄽ࡟ࡣࡑࡢᐇຠᛶࢆ❧ド࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࢪ࣐ࣞࣥࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࠊྠㄽᩥࡣゝཬࡍ

ࡿࠋ࢟ࢵࢩࣥࢪ࣮ࣕ㸦Henry A. Kissinger㸧࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊᢚṆຊࡢຠᯝࡣᾘᴟⓗ࡟ࡋ࠿❧ド࡛ࡁ࡞

࠸ࡓࡵࠊᖹ࿴ࡀ㛗ࡃಖࡓࢀࢀࡤಖࡓࢀࡿ࡯࡝ࠊᅜ㜵ᨻ⟇ࡢ๓ᥦ࡟཯ᑐࡍࡿேࠎ࡟཯ㄽࡢᮦᩱࢆᥦ ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾᩛ࡟ࡣࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜ᨷᧁࡍࡿࡘࡶࡾ࡞࡝࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡔ࠿ࡽࠊ㌷ഛࢆᩚ࠼ࡿ

ᚲせࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡞࡝࡜ࠊᏳ඲ಖ㞀ၥ㢟ࡀᅜㄽࢆศ⿣ࡉࡏࡿၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿ࡜グࡋࡓࠋ ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ㆟ㄽࢆ㔜ࡡࡓ࠺࠼࡟ࠊྠㄽᩥࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚṆຊࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡣᑐ㇟ᅜ࡛࠶ࡿ໭ᮅ㩭ࡀ ࡑࢀࢆ࡝࠺ཷࡅṆࡵࡿ࠿࡟᥃࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ᪥ᮏࢆ᰾ᨷᧁࡋࡓሙྜ࡟࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡣᚲࡎ ሗ᚟᰾ᨷᧁࡍࡿ࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏࢆᨷᧁࡋ࡞࠸᪉ࡀࡼ࠸ࠊ࡜໭ᮅ㩭ࡀ⪃࠼ࡿ㝈ࡾ࡟࠾࠸࡚࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ᰾ᢚ Ṇຊࡣ᭷ຠ࡟స⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ᙉㄪࡋࡓࠋ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢᢚṆຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ໭ᮅ㩭ࡢホ౯ࡀ ኚࢃࡿࡢࡣ᪥⡿㛵ಀࡢ࠶ࡾࡼ࠺ࡀኚࢃࡿ᫬ࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࡑࢀࡣࠕ᪥ᮏࡀࠕᬑ㏻ࡢᅜࠖ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚㌷ഛ ቑᙉࢆ㐍ࡵࠊ᪥⡿Ᏻಖయไ࡬ࡢ౫Ꮡᗘࢆపࡵࡓሙྜ࡟㉳ࡇࡾ࠺ࡿࠖ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾Ṋ⿦ࡣㄽࡎ

᭶4᪥࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸧

61 ୰ᕝᨻㄪ఍㛗ࡣ2006ᖺ10᭶15᪥ࠊࢸࣞࣅᮅ᪥ࡢሗ㐨␒⤌࡞࡝࡛᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ಖ᭷࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕ᰾ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᨷࡵࡽࢀࡿ

ྍ⬟ᛶࡣప࠸࡜࠸࠺ㄽ⌮ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓࡿࢃࡅࡔ࠿ࡽࠊ㆟ㄽࡣ࠶ࡗ࡚࠸࠸ࠖ࡜ࡢㄆ㆑ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ㯞⏕እ┦ࡣ18᪥ࠊ⾗㆟

㝔እົጤဨ఍࡛᰾ಖ᭷ࡢ㆟ㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕ㞄ࡢᅜࡀ㸦᰾රჾࢆ㸧ᣢࡘ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ᫬࡟ࠊ୍ࡘࡢ⪃࠼᪉࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞㆟ㄽ

ࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࡢࡣ኱஦ࡔࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡓࠋᏳಸ᫴୕㤳┦ࡣ11᭶㸶᪥ࠊẸ୺ඪࡢᑠἑ୍㑻௦⾲࡜ࡢඪ㤳ウㄽ࡛ࠊ୰ᕝẶࡸ㯞⏕

Ặࡀ᰾ಖ᭷ㄽ㆟ࡢᚲせᛶ࡟ゝཬࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕ᰾ࢆࡵࡄࡿㄽ㆟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᢚṆࡣ࡝࠺࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿࡜࠸࠺㆟ㄽࢆࡍ

ࡿࠊࡲࡓࡑ࠺࠸࠺㆟ㄽ࡟ᑐࡍࡿㄽホࡣ࠶ࡾᚓࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࠊⓎゝࢆᐜㄆࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊࠕ㛶ෆࠊᨻᗓࠊඪࡢṇ ᘧᶵ㛵࡟࠾࠸࡚᰾ࢆಖ᭷ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡢୖ࡛ࡢ㆟ㄽࡣ୍ษࡋ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜ࠊ㠀᰾୕ཎ๎ࡢሀᣢࡶᙉㄪࡋࡓࠋ

62 ࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ᰾ᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲㸦ࡑࡢ஧㸧ࠖཧ↷ࠋ

中国核実験と佐藤政権期の対応に関する一考察