永 尾
Abstract
智
The
aim of this paper is to compare
theuseof
the expanded formjs.
the combination
ofゐ
and the present
ｰ
participlejn the,Sr.IM尨'sG∂sp゛?lin King James Bible (KJB)，Rheimes-Douay
Bib!e，Challoner revision
(RDB)，and
World
English Bible (WEB).The
expanded
form
appears 100 times in the G∂spElin the
WEB.
We
collatethe passages of the 100caseswith
thecorresponingonesof
the KJB
and the RDB， andto
reconsider the usage of the simple form and the expanded
form in the Early Modem
English period, which is
called“a transitionalperiod" in the development
of the combination.
１．はじめに
瓦7巾/㈲面凹倣回a百Ｗμ心似こおける拡充形
(Expanded Form)を扱った前稿では、拡充形は
使用される勤詞の白動詞・他動詞の別に偏りが
少ないこと、時制形式や能動・受動の別などの
形式的多楡匪が低いこと、17世紀における拡充
形の拡がりが緩慢であることを見た。その際の
課題の一つとして、アスペクト特性を考える上
では、拡充形と単純形との比較を含んだ、勤詞
システム全体からの考察が必要である点を挙げ
た。
この課題に対処するため本稿では、現代英語
の拡充形に対する初期近代英語の拡充形と単
純形との対応状況を３種の聖書の｢ルカ伝｣を
使って、①３テキストすべてに現れる場合、②
２テキストに現れる場合、③WEBのみに現れ
る場合に分けて、出現状況の変化、および特徴
を見る。出てきた結果は、前稿同様、Rissanen
(1999)等が示す初期近代英語期の拡充形の特
徴と比較・検討する。検討対象のコーパスには
現代英語資科としてWorld
English Bible (以下。
一21
ＷＥＢ)を、初期近代英語資料として欽定訳聖書
(King James Bible (以下、KJB))と｢リームズ・
ダウエイ聖書・チャロナー改訳版｣(Rheimes-Douay
Bible､ Challoner revision (以下、ＲＤＢ))を
使用する。
７２．ＷＥＢおよびＲＤＢの特徴
コーパスをＷＥＢ、ＲＤＢ、ＫＪＢの３テキスト
にしたのは電子テキストとしての入手可能性に
よる。これら３テキストは、Pr(和ct
Gutenbe侶
eBooksのウェブ・サイトからダウンロードし
た電子テキストによるものである。３テキスト
のうちＷＥＢとＲＤＢについては、若干触れてお
く必要があるだろう。
WEBは、それを掲載するウェブ・サイト
(http://ebible.org/)にある説明によれば次のよう
なものである。
The World English Bible (WEB)is
a
Public
Domain
(no copyright)Modern
English
translationof the Holy Bible.That
means
that you may
freely copy it in any
−
formjncluding
electronic and print formats.
The lVorld
English
Bible is based
on the
American
Standard Version of the Holy
Bible
nrst published in 1901， the Biblia Hebraica
Stutgartensa
01d Testament， and the Greek
M司ority Text New
Testament.
lt is in draft
form， and currently being edited for accuracy
and readabmty.
聖書英語から現代英語の実例を取り出して比
較するにはThe
Rivised Standard version
（1946-52）やThe
New
Rivise Standard version（1989）を
使用することが多いが、本稿が聖書本文自体に
関する研究精度を高めることを求めるものでは
なく、むしろ現代英語の日常表現にできるだけ
近いものを求めるものであることと、上記の
電子テキスト使用可能性とにより、本稿では、
WEBを現代英語テキストとして選定すること
にする。
「リームズ・ダウエイ聖書」は、新約は1582
年にリームズで、旧約は1609-10年にドゥーエ
イで出販された「ヅルガータ」を最も信頼でき
る聖典と位置付け、「ラテン語語法を極力温存
するよう努めたJIカトリック訳聖書である。本
稿で問題とするのは新約であるが、ここで使用
するのはその改訳版である「チャロナー改訳販」
である。これは、18世紀になってその難解さ
ゆえにほとんど理解できなくなっていた「リー
ムズ・ダウエイ聖書」の改訂版で、KJBを参照
して読み易くしたものである。新約は1749-72
年にかけて５回、旧約は1750年と1763年の２回
改訂された。1810年にアメリカ人カトリック教
徒によって公認され、いく度か改訂され、カト
リックの公認訳として現在も使用されるもの
とされている計Prgject
Gutenbergではテキスト
原本の出版年をc.1750としている。
ここで扱うRDBは、KJBの出販か
すなわち、
ら約140年
後のものであり、Romaine（ed.）（1998）および
Lass（ed.）（1999）等の時代区分に従えば、初期
近代英語末期のテキストだということになる。
、よって、３テキストは、1901年のWEB、
1750年のRDB、1611年のKJBと、それぞれ約
150年間隔で時代を遡るものである。
３．変化の全体像
WEBに現れる拡充形は100例ある。この100
例に対応する箇所で拡充形となるのは、RDB
で31例、KJBで15例である。
RDBとKJBの双
方で拡充形となる、すなわち3書共に拡充形と
なるのは11例である。また、WEBとRDBで現
れるものは16例、WEBとKJBで現れるものは
4例ある。 WEBのみで拡充形が現れるのは69例
である。
拡充形の出現回数は、古い順にKJBが15例、
RDBが27例、WEBが100例と増加していく。
しかし、初期近代英語末期のRDBでの増加状
況は、Rissanen(1999)の言う、1700年頃までに
拡充形が動詞組織内でアスペクト表示機能を確
立したという見方を後押しするほどの状況とは
言い難い。ただし、WEBでは単純形であるも
のの他の２書で拡充形となるものがある。具体
的には、RDBで15例、そのうちKJBでも拡充
形であるものが２例ある。これらを加えると、
KJBが17例、RDBが42例、WEBが100例とな
る。増加状況は約150年間隔で２倍程度の
で増えているご
割合
４．用例
具体例を見ていくことにする。以下では、３
テキストに出現する拡充形を斜体字で表記し、
各対応箇所の表現を下線で示す。
４．１．ＷＥＢ，ＲＤＢ，ＫＪＢとも拡充形となるもの (1)(Luke:1-10)WEB : The whole multitude of the people ?!f!7f 2!7!y摂g outside at the hour of incense.
R D B : And all the multitude of the people wα∫ j?J7zy訥g without, at the hour of incense， K J B : And the whole multitude of the peoplewEa? j!?7gyizzgwithout at the time of incense，
(2)(Luke:3-21)
WEB
: Now
it happened, when
allthe people were
baptized，Jesus
also had been baptized，and
然芦丿男ly摂g‥‥
RDB: Now it came to pass， when all the people were baptized, that Jesus also 徊ing baptized andpn2y訥g,heaven was opened.
K J B : Now when all the people were baptizedjt came to pass， that Jesus also 徊ing baptized， andl男?y桓g,the heaven was opened，
(3)(Luke:5-2)
WEB:
He saw two boats standing by the lake，but
KJB:
Andashe芭!!
yetαcθz?治zg,the
devn threw
himdown, and tarehim. …
(7)(Luke:11-14)
WEB:
He
wαscαjzj,z，
ｏｕｔ ａ ｄｅｍｏｎ， ａｎｄ ｉｔ ｗａｓmute. lt happened， when
the demon
had
gone out, the mute man
spoke; …
RDB: And
he wαs casrin，
out a devi1， and thesame
was dumb
: and when
he had cast out
the devi1,the dumb
spoke:…
the fishermen had gone out of them，and KJB:
AndhewαsaMz函，
ＷＥＺぞＷα辿吊， their nets.
RDB: Andsawtwoshipsstandingbythelake:but
the fishermen
were gone
out of them， and
ｗＥｇｗａ辿函， their nets
K J B : And
saw two ships standing by the lake:but
the fishermen
were gone
out of them， and
wE茫ｗａ辿汲
their nets.out a devil， and it was
dumb.And
it came
to pass，when
the devil
was gone out, the dumb
spake; …
（8）（Luke:11-52）
WEB:…You
didn’t enter in yourselves，and those
ｗｈｏ ｗどだど斑er阪 in,yOU hindered.'I
RDB: …you
yourselves have not entered in，
（4）（Luke:8-40）
WEB:
lt happened, ...thatthe multitude welcomed K
J B
him,forthey回!y
al1芭些!!￡for him.
RDB:
And it came
to pass，that …，the multitude
received him : for they him，
ｗど阿all照慰邑竺 for
and those that wgrEgzlzEr繊 ｉｎ，ｙｏｕ ｈａｖｅ
hindered.
…ye entered not in yourselves， and them
that wびどど耐ぞ?r阪
（9）（Luke:13-10）
WEB:
He wa∫zEαdz訥，
in ye hindered，
in one of the synagogues
K J B : And
it came
to pass， that，…the
people on
the Sabbath day･
gladly received
him
: for they
wEn?all RDB
: And he wα5razd2叫
wαj治zgfor him. their
sabbath.
KJB: Andhewasa?αdzjyW
（5）（Luke:9-18）
WEB:
lt happened,
as he wα∫
Γα ln， alone，that the disciples were with him, …RDB: And p _it came to ass， as he waj alone 戸双y叫g,his disciples,also were with him, … K J B : And it came to pass， as he wαj alone
p/uyizzg,his disciples were with him: …
（6）（Luke:9-42）
WEB:
While he M!lstill cθ謂1哩,thedemon
thlew
- him
down
and convulsed him violently‥..
RDB:
And
as he w,2リフ卵g
to him， the devil
threw him down， and tore him.
on the sabbath.
in their synagogue on
in one of teh synagogues
（10）（Luke:19-33）（cf.（87））
WEB:
AstheywgrEM瓦
ln， thc colt，thc owners of it said to them，“Why are you untying the colt?”RDB: And as theywerEIθθs油g the colt， the owners thereof said to them : Why loose you the colt?
K J B : And as they waり回吻gthe colt, the owners thereof said unto them， Why loose ye the colt?
(n)(Luke:21-37)
WEB: Every day Jesus w,s zEαcゐj,1，in the temple，
and every night he would go out and spend …
they marveled ...
RDB :And the people wgyg wαjz&z， they wondered that …
for Zachary; and
RDB:
And in the daytime， hewαs敞zdjyzg
in the KJB
: And
the people
waited for Zacharias， and
temple; but at night， going oul，he abode in the mount that is called 01ivet.
K J B : And in the day time he wαぶ敞zc垣rzg in the temple; and at night he went out，and abode
３聖書で共通に拡充形が対応しているのは、
以上11例である。うち、主節で現れるものが
６例、副詞節で現れるものが３例、関係節で現
れるものが２例である。副詞節で現れる３例は
いずれもas等で導かれる時の副詞節で、主節
に対して時間的枠組みを与えるものとなってい
る。しかし、共起副詞による枠組み設定はな
い。なお、その中の(6)では、KJBで“a＋…函忿
構造"が見られる。
marvelled that …(13)(Luke:2-33)
WEB:
Joseph and his mother wE腿澗αΓyEI訥
atthe things which werespoken
concerning
him，
R D B : And his father and mother wgn! w澗＆7･jﾀ2j at
those things which were spoken concerning him.
K J B : And Joseph and his mother marvelled at those
things which were sPoken of him
(14)(Luke:4-44)
WEB:
He wa,リ?狸男ｿ脚咀in the synagogues
of
Galilee.
11例は全て過去形であり、主語が３人称、人 RDB:
And he w､2j
間である点もすべて共通である。主語の単数・
複数の違いによる相違はない。使われる動詞
は、washとuntieの２例が他動詞で、残りはす
べて自動詞である。（8）でenterが白動詞として
使用され続けているのは、ＯＥＤ４こよればラテ
ン語の影響と考えられる。㈲、（ｎ）のteachが
自動詞となっているのは、PreachやPray等の意
昧合いで使われる自動詞用法であり、これが
茫α油阪in the synagogues
of
Gamee.
K J B : And he p!9ched iD the synagogues ofGamee.
(15)(Luke:8-42)
WEB:
for he had an only daughter, …皿d
she 14uy
吹向g‥..
R D B : For he had an only daughter, …and she wαj め面g‥..
目的語を伴って他動詞用法として現れるのは KJB
RDBになってからである。
11例のいずれの場合も、各動詞が表す行為が
その時点で継統していることを表している。こ
れら11例だけを見れば、拡充形が示すアスベク
ト特性が1700年までに確立したというRissanen
等の見方は首肯できそうだが、次節および次々
節では、KJB、あるいはRDBで単純形による
対応をしている場合もあるので、それを見た上
でなければはっきりとしたことは言えない。
4.2.WEBとRDBで拡充形となるもの
(12)(Luke:1-21)
WEB:
The peoplewErgwajz畝
for Zacharjas， and −For he had one only daughter， ...and she
倆り2め泌g.…
（16）（Luke:9-30）
WEB:
Behold，two men weg
r
｢むzz，
who were Moses and E11jah，
RDB
: And behold two men wgng r
｢￡j,2，
with him，
with him.
And they were Moses and Elias，
KJB:
And，behold，there talked with him two
ｍｅｎ、ｗｈｉｃｈ ｗｅｒｅ Ｍｏｓｅｓ ａｎｄ Ｅｌｉａｓ：
（17）（Luke:9-33）
WEB: lt happened, as they !!氾り7αΓ治zg from hjm･ that Peter said to Jesus，“Master，it is good
for us to be here‥..
RDB: And it came to pass， that as theywgrg＆- parz訥g from him， Peter saith to Jesus : Masterjt is good for us to be here; … K J B : And it came to pass， as they departed from him,Peter said unto Jesus， Master,itis good for us to be here:…
（18）（Luke:12-54）
WEB: He said to the multitudes also， “When you see a cloud rising from the west， immediately you say,‘A shower 住.￡θz?zjzlg,’
and so it happens.
RDB: And he said also to the multitudes : When you see a cloud rising from the west， presently you say : A shower 毬￡θ脚楸g : and so it happeneth:
KJB : And he said also to the people, When ye see a cloud rise out of the west， straightway ye say, There cometh a shower; and so it is.
（19）（Luke:18-37）
mighty works …
（21）（Luke:19-47）
WEB:
Hewαs紬2油ｉ，
daily in the temple, but…RDB: Andhewαsraj油垣
daily in the temple …・ K J B : And he taught daily in the temple. But …（22）（23）（Luke:20-1）
VVEB: lt happened
on one of those days， as he
ｗ心r四ｄ汝
the people in the temPle and
Fy摂が!咀theGood News，…
RDB:
Anditcametopass,thatononeofthedays，
ａｓ ｈｅ ｗ心z政7c/治7， the peoPle in the temPle，
and心.the gospel， …
K J B : And it cam6 to pass， that on one of those days， as he taug垣the people in the temple， alid psache4 the gospel， …
（24）（Luke:22-47）（cf.（93））
WEB:
While
he wg
sti11印凹剋,zg，behold，a
multi- tude， and he who
was caned Judas，
one of the twelve, was leading them‥..
WEB:
They told him that Jesus of Nazareth yg RDB:
Ashe照zs yet昂Ed向1,behold a multitude;
芦25治zg
by.
RDB:
And
they told him， that Jesus of Nazareth
Ｗａ∫ ａ５Ｍμ， by，
K J B : And
they told him， that Jesus of Nazareth
pass叫1 by･
(20)(Luke:19-37)
WEB: As he 芦!,y now getting near， …the whole 一
multitude of the disciples began to rejoice and praise God with a loud voice for all the mighty works …
RDB: And when he yﾀﾞ腿now cθ琲訥g near the 一
.･ descent of mount 01ivet, the whole multitude of his disciples began with joy to praise God with a loud voice， for all the mighty works they had seen.
K J B : And when he was come nigh， …the whole
multitude of the disciples began to rejoice
and praise God
with a loud voice for an the
and he that was called Judas， one of the twelve,went before them， …
K J B : And while he yet spake, behold a multitude， and he that was caned Judas， one of the twelve,went before them， …
（25）（Luke:22-60）（cf.（94））
WEB: But Peter said，“Man，l don’ t know what you are talking about!”lmmediately， while he然琶stin孕ａ漬訥g,a rooster crowed.
-RDB : And Peter said : Man, l know not what thou sayest. And immedialely, ashewど1ぶyetj7x･dかzg， the cock crew.
K J B : And Peter said，Man，l know not what thou sayst. And immediately, while he yet翌a㎞， the cock crew.
(26)(Luke:24-28)
WEB:
They
drew
near to the village，where they
Ｗど尺? ０ １ ｎ
、andhe acted like he wouldgo る。なお、（21）と（22）とでteachの自動詞用法
と他勤詞用法が共存している。意昧の違いは前
further.
R D B : And
they drew night to the town， whither
they wEllg∂ing : and he made
as though he
would go farther.
K J B : And
they
drew
nigh
unto
the village，
whither they went : alld he made
as though
he would have gone further.
（27）（Luke:24-32）
WEB:
They
said one to another，“蜀!rどn’tour
hearts加!尽摂g withili us， while he spoke to usalong the way， and while he opened the Scriptures to us?”
RDB : And they said one to the other : 飛M not our - heart加!?7瞬咀within us， whilst he spoke in this way, and opened to us the scriptures？ K J B ！ And they said one to another， Did not oul heart bum within us，while he talked with us
-by the way･ and while he opened
to us the
scriptures？
WEBとRDBで拡充形となるものは、以上16
例である。うち、主節で現れるものが８例、副
詞節で現れるものが６例、関係節で現れるもの
が２例である。副詞節で現れる６例はいずれも
as、 またはwhileで導かれる時の副詞節で、主
節に対して時問的枠組みを与えるものとなっ
ている。共起副詞は、２例ではWEBでsti11が、
RDBでyetが、別の２例でnowが共起して継続
状況の指示を支えているが、これが時間枠を
与えているかは定かではない。特に（20）では、
KJBがwas
come と完丁相で対応しているので、
未完丁相のための枠組みとはなっていない。な
お、（15）では、KJBで“a＋…ing構造”が見られ
る。
（18）を除く15例が過去形であり、（18）も含
めて主語はすべて３人称であり、（18）を除い
てすべて人間が主語となっている。主語の単
数・複数の違いによる相違はない。使われる動
詞は、（22）（23）の同一文中でteachとpreachの
節と同様である。いずれの用法においてもKJB
では単純形となっている。
（15）（17）（18）（19）（20）の５例を除く11
例では、各動詞が表す行為がその時点で継続し
ていることを表している。では、その5例はど
うかというと、そこでは、動作の継続ではな
く、表わされる状況が間近に迫っているという
近接未来が示されている。拡充形が示す意味合
いが広がりつつあることをうかがわせる。
さらにここでは、興昧深い構文対応が２点見
られる。第１は、（17）（22）（23）に見られる、
聖書に特徴的な表現の一つとされる“it
came
to
Pass…”で文が導人されている点である。前節
の（2）でも現れたが、これによって時間的枠組
みが与えられるわけだから、拡充形のみにその
機能を求めることは難しい。時期が完全に合致
するわけではないが、これが“it
haPPened
…”構
造に変化する中で拡充形の使用が生じている。
第２は、（!6）に見られる、there構文と通常語
順文との対応である。
KJBでthere構文になっ
ていたものをRDB以降は通常語順と拡充形で
表わしたと考えると、第１の点や“a士…泌刄構
造”等、幾つかの構文が、いわば交錯する中で
拡充形の使用が定着していく文法化過程の一面
が現れていると考えられる。
４,３．ＷＥＢとKJBで拡充形となるもの
(28)(Luke:5-17)
WEB:
lt happened
on one of those days， that he
was teachin， ● ９ ■ ● ■
R D B : And it came to pass on a certain day， as he satteach匯 ，that…
K J B : And it came to pass on a certain day, as he
ｗαバ心油泌， ，that…
（29）（Luke:4-40）
WEB
: When
the sun wz2s gz治zg,an those who had
any
sick with various diseases brought them
to him; …
他動詞が現れるが、残りはすべて自動詞であ RDB:And
when thesun wasdown､ allthey that
had any sick with divers diseases， brought themto him‥..
K J B : Now when the sun y照色溥邨哨尽,an they that had any sick with divers diseases brought them unto him; …
4.4.WEBのみで拡充形であるもの
（32バ33）（Luke:1-80）
WEB: The child was ΓθWI尽
，ａｎｄ佃堕所哩
strong in spirit，and was in the desert …
RDB: And the child g!7りy，and was strenj inspirit; and was in the deserts …
thened
(30)(Luke:21-26) K J B : And the child grew， andS?回ざ回狙in
WEB: men fainting for fear, and for expectation of spirit,and was in the deserts … the things which !男しg???疸咀on the world :
forthe powersofthe heavens wi】lbe shaken. (34)(Luke:2-16)
RDB: Men withering away for fear， and WEB: They came with haste, and found both Mary expectation of what shall come upon the and Joseph， and the baby wαぶ/yi昭in the whole world. Forthe powers of heaven shan feed- ing
be moved; R D B : And they came with haste; and they found K J B : Men' s hearts failing them for fear, and for Mary and Joseph, and the infal】tlyi!!g in the looking after those things which α摺２誂&可 manger.
on the earth : for the powersof heavens shan K J B : And they came with haste, and found Mary， be shaken.
（31）（Luke:23-29）
WEB:
For behold， the days αΓEcθ澗j″咀in
which
they win sayyBlessed
are the barren，…
RDB:
For behold， the days shall come， wherein
they will say:Blessed are the barren，…
KJB: For，behold，the
days α陀cθ澗垣
in thewhich they shall say, Blessed afe the barren，
WEBとKJBで拡充形となるものは、以上４
例である。これらは4ﾕ節と一緒に扱うことも
可能であるが、敢えて別立てにしてみた。圭
節、副詞節、関係節、名詞節で現れるものがそ
れぞれ１例ずつある。特徴的共起副詞はない。
過去形と現在形が２例ずつある。主語はすベ
て３人称であるが、４例中３例で環境が主語と
なっている。主語の単数・複数の違いによる相
違はなく、動詞はすべて自動詞である。４例の
うち（28）のみは動作の継続を示すが、残り３
例は状況が間近に迫る近接性を過去で１例、現
在で２例示している。よって、現在進行形は現
在における動作の継統を示すのではなく、近接
未来を示しているわけである。
and Joseph, and the babe !y垣g in a manger.
(35)(Luke:2-29)
VVEB: Now you 9尽jy面asj,1， your servant， Master，
according to your wordjn peace;
RDB : Now thou dost dismiss thy servant， 0 Lord， 一
according to thy word in peace;
K J B : Lord， now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace， according to thy word:
(36)(Luke:2-38)
WEB:
Coming
up at that very hour， she gave
thanks
to the Lord， and spoke of him to an
those who wcre lookin，
for redemption
in
Jerusalem.
RDB: Now she， at the same hour， coming in， confessed to the Lord; and spoke of him to all that looked for the redemption of lsrael，
K J B : And
she coming in thatinstant gave thanks
likewise unto the Lord， and spake of him
to all them
that looked
for redemption
in
Jemsalem.
（37）（38）（Luke:2-40） WEB: The child was −33−
strong in spirit,being filled with wisdom， ･･. the lake of Gennesaret.
RDB: And the child grew， and 5!?悳!strong，ful1 RDB: Anditcametopass,that…，he stood by the
ofwisdom;… lake of Genesareth，
K J B : And the child g民５皿d箆!!き癌! strong in K J B : And it came to pass， that，･･･ ，he 曼tood by spirit,filled with wisdom:… the lake of Gennesaret，
（39）（Luke:2-43）
WEB:
and when
they had fulnlled the days, as they
Ｗど陀7？Z附77沢，
ｉ ｎ Ｊ ｅ ｒ ｕ ｓ ａ ｌ ｅ ｍ ．
けhe boy Jesus stayed behind
（44）（Luke:5-6）
WEB:
When
they had
done
this、they caught
a
great
multitude
of fish、and their neりyg
心．
RDB: And
having fulf111edthe days、 when
they RDB
: And
when
they had done this､they enclosed
returned，the child Jesus remained in Jeru
- salem;…
K J B : And when they had fulfilled the days、 as they retumed、 the child Jesus tarried behind
-in Jeru-salem;
（40）（Luke:2-48）
a very great multitude of fishes，and their net broke.
K J B : And when they had this done, they inclosed a great multitude of fishes : and their net brake.
（45）（Luke:5-10）
WEB:
･･.
“Son, why
have you treated us this way? WEB:
…Jesus
said to Simon，“Don’ t be afraid
Behold，your
father and l wEsanxiously
砂脚昭for
you.”
RDB: …Son,
why hast thou done so tu us? behold
thy father and l have sou， ht thee sorrowing −
KJB
: …Son，why
hast thoi】thus dealt with us?
behold，thy
father and l have sou，
ｓｏｒｒｏｗｍｇ
（41）（Luke:2-49）
WEB
: He said to them｡ “Why
yfだ
me? Didn’tyou know
that …
ht thee
you加9ん泌g for
Ｆｒｏｍ ｎｏｗ ｏｎ ｙｏｕ ｗ川,be catchin， alive.”
people
RDB:…And
Jesus saith to Simon : Fear not : from
henceforth thou shalt catch men.
KJB: …And
Jesus said unto Simon， Fear not;
fromhenceforththou shaltcatch men.
（46）（Luke:5-22）
WEB: But Jesus， perceiving their thoughts， a皿swered them， “Mghy !!ll you 哩’心θ?1訥gso in your hearts?
RDB: And
he said to them : How is it that you RDB
: And when
Jesus knew
their thoughts，
唇叫g坦me?did you not know, that…
K J B : And
he said unto them， How
is it that ye
訟ught
me? wist ye not that …
（42）（Luke:4-31）
WEB:…He
waμsa訥，
them on the Sabbath day，RDB:
...he taught them on the sabbath days.
KJB:…and
taught them on the sabbath days.
（43）（Luke:5-1）
VVEB : Now it happened， …that he 14ﾉαjjzαn,1ﾀ2，
answer- ing, he said to them : What is it you think in your hearts?
-K J B : But when Jesus perceived their thoughts， he answering said unto them, What reason ye in
- （47）（Luke:5-25）
WEB: lmmediatedly he rose up before them， and took up that which he wαj l,2yiag on， and departed to his house, 91orifying God. by R D B : And immediately rising up before them， −34−
he
took up the bed on which he 垣y; and he
went
away to his own house, 91orifying God.
K J B : And immediately
he rose up before them，
and
took up that whereon he 厖,and
depaj･ted
to his own house, 91orifying God.
(48)(Luke:5-29)
WEB:…There
was a great crowd of tax collectors
and others who ｗｅ祀祀ｄｍｍ、 withthem.
RDB: …and there was a great company of publi- cans、and of others、 that were at table with them.
KJB:..，and there was a great company of publi- cans and of others that sat down with them.
（49）（Luke:6-1）
WEB
: Now
ithappened …thathe罵劈_認四lthrough
the
grain fields‥..
in.the Pharisee’ s house， she brought an alabaster jar of ointment.
RDB: And behold a woman that was in the city, a sinner,when she knew that he sat at meat in
Ｊ
Ｋ
the Pharisee’ s house， brought an alabaster box of ointment;
And，behold，a woman in the city， which was a sinner， when she knew that Jesus sat
-at me -at in the Pharisee' s house， brought an alabaster box of ointment.
（53）（Luke:8-4）
WEB: When a great multitude came together, and people from every city !竺翌-￡1?西!!&to him， he spoke by a parable.
RDB: And when a very great multitude was gathered together， and hastened out of the cities unto him, he spoke by a similitude.
RDB : And itcame to pass …thathe went through K j B : And
when
much
people were gathered
the
corn fields、
…
K J B : And it came
to pass …that he went through
一
the
corn fields;…
(50)(Luke:6-18)
WEB:…as
well as those who
were troubled by
un- cleanspirits,andthey
wEだ&Ejzz&lzaφ4.
RDB: …And
they that were troubled with unclean
splnts,were cured.
K J B : ･･.
And
they that were vexed with unclean
spirits:andthey were healed.
（51）（Luke:7-19）
WEB: John,…saying, “Are you the one who js cθ削- 摂g,or should we look for another?”
RDB: And John …saying : Art thou he that art to 一
come; or look we for another?
K J B : And John …saying,Art
thou he that should
come? or look we for another?
（52）（Luke:7-37）
WEB:
Behold，a
woman
in the city who
was
a
sinner,when
she knew
that he wα57冥漁疸咀
−
together’and were come
to him out of every
city,he spake by a parable:
(54)(Luke:8-23)(cf.りヽ14･ヽ))4
WEB: But as they sailed， he fell asleep. A wind storm came down on the lake， andthey wg7 ｰ 一
哨厄男lon dangerous amounts of water. R D B : And when they were sailing，he slept; and there came down a storm of wind upon the lake， and they were filled，and were in
- danger.
K J B : But as they sailed he fen asleep : and there came down a storm of wind on the lake; and they were filled with water, and were in 一
jeopardy･
（55）（Luke:8-24）
WEB:
They
came
to him， …saying/‘Master，
master,wegF_心抑g!”
He awoke， …
RDB: And
they came
and awaked
him， saying :
Master,we
perisれ.But he arising,…
K J B : And
they came
to him， …saying， Master，
master,we
perish. Then he arose, …
(56)(Luke:8-29)
WEB: For Jesus wαscθz77z71αj ｢j,z，the unclean
spirit
tocome oul of the man‥..
RDB:For
he commanded
the unclean spiritto go
out
of the man‥..’
disciples，
（63）（Luke:9-53）
WEB:
They
didn’t receive him， because
he was
- 但!狸抑咀with
his face set towards Jerusalem.
KJB:
Forhehadcommandedtheuncleanspiritto RDB:
Andtheyreceivedhimnot,because
his face
come out of the man‥..
（57）（58）（59）（Luke:8-52）
VVEB:
AIl wgだwalp&z，
and一θj4y71泌g her，but he said,“Don't weep. She isn't dead, but slE印- 四･R D B : And all wept and moumed for her. But he
!痙琵ofone gθ泌g to Jerusalem，
K J B : And they did not receive him， because his filce was as though he would go to Jerusalem，
(64)(Luke:10-30)
WEB:
Jesus answered，“A certain man
wαsgθ泌g
down
from Jerusalem to Jericho，…
said : Weep
not; the maid is not dead、 but R
D B : And
Jesus answering、 said : A certain man
sleepeth，
K J B : And
allwept, and bewailed her:but he said， KJB
WeeP
not; she is not dead, t?utsleepeth.
went down from Jerusalem to Jericho， … 一
And Jesus answering
said，A certain man
went down
from Jerusalem to Jericho，…
一
（60）（Luke:8-53） （65）（Luke:10-31）
WEB:
They
wgりリiぷcz4ルzghim, knowing
that she WEB:
By chance a certain priest wαjgθｉg down
was
dead. that
way. When
he saw him, …
R D B : And
they laughed
.
him to sco毘，knowing R
D B : And it chanced， that a certain priestlent
that she was dead. down the same way : and seeing him, passed
K J B : And
they 垣旦gれ叫him
to scom， knowing by.
that she was dead. K J B : And
by chance there came
down
a certain
（61）（Luke:9-29）
WEB: As he wαs Γ α ’ 1 μ
，，the appearance of his
facewas altered，
…
RDB:
Andwhilsthep咀ygSJ,the
shape of his
counte- nance was altered，
…
priest that way:and when he saw him， …
（66）（Luke:11-29）
WEB:
When
the multitudes wむ･g
αΓjlErjzzto-gether to him、 he began to say、“This is an evil generation. …
K J B : And as he prayed, the fashion of his counte- R
D B : And
the multitudesrunning
together，he
nance was altered，…
(62)(Luke:9-43(RDB:9-44))
WEB:…But
while all wErg謂αΓｗ吊2
began to say : This generation is a wicked
generation:…
K J B : And when the people were
athered thickat a11
thethings which Jesus did， he said to his ● ■ ●
dlsclples，
RDB: …But while an wondered at an the things
he did,he said tohis disciples
:…
KJB: …But
while they wondered every one at
together，he began
to say，This is an evil
ｇ ｅ ｎ ｅ ｒ ａ ｔ ｌ ｏ ｎ ： …
（67）（Luke:12-39）
WEB:
But know
this，that if the master
of the
house
had known
in what hour the thief wαj
all things which Jesus did， he said unto his
−36−
allowed his house to be broken into. RDB: Butthisknowye,thatifthehouseholderdid
know at what hour the thief would come， he
--- would surely watch, and would not suffer his house to be broken open.
K J B : And this know， that if the goodman of the
the unbelievers.
(71ﾊﾞLuke:12-58)
WEB : For when you glygが!7!g with your adversary before the magistrate， try diligently on the way to be released from him， …
house had known
what hour the thief would R
D B : And
when
thou goest with thy adversary
come，he would have watched， and not have 一
suffered his house to be broken through
（68）（Luke:12-40）
WEB: Therefore be ready also, for the Son of Man か浬9?が!咀in an hour that you don’ t expect him.”
RDB: Be you then also ready : for at what hour you think not, the Son of man will come. K J B : Be ye therefore ready also : for the Son of man cometh at an hour when ye think not.
（69）（Luke:12-41）
WEB: Peter said to him, “Lord,αだyou印痢?!g this parable to us, or to everybody?”
R D B : And Peter said to him : Lord， dost thou speak this parable to us, or likewise to all?
K J B : Then Peter said unto him， Lord，邱eakest thou this,parable unto us, orevento a11?
（70）（Luke:12-46）
WEB:
then the lord of that servant will come
in
Ｋ
to the prince， whilst thou art in the way， endeavour to be delivered from him: … J B : When thou goest with thine adversary to
the magistrate， as thou art in the way， give diligence that thou mayest be delivered f¥om him;…
(72)(Luke:14-1)
WEB: lt happened， ...thatthey y?gn!wαΓ油但＆him， RDB: Anditcametopass,…that tlleywatched him. KJ B : Anditcametopass， ･･.thattheywatchedhim.
(73)(Luke:14-25)
VVEB: NowgreatmultitudeswE肥gθlzzg with him‥.. R D B : And there went great multitudcs with him. … K J B : And there went great mumtudes with him :…
（74）（Luke:15-1）
WEB:
Now
all the tax collectors and sinners wEn9
cθ脚izzgclose to him to hear him，
R D B : Now the publicans and sinners drew near -− unto him to hear him.
a
day when
heきn't￡狸Ecr向lhim，
and in K
J B : Then
drew near unto him all the publicans
an
hour that he doesn' t know， and wm
cut and sinners for to hear him.
him
in two， and place his portion with the
unfaithfu1. (75)(Luke:15-17)
RDB:
Thelordofthatservantwmcomeinthe WEB:
Butwhenhecametohimselfhesaid,‘How
day
that he hopeth not, and at the hour that many
hired servants of my fathQr'shave bread
he
knoweth
not， and shall separate him， enough
to spall,and r!!!jyl!!gwith hung
and
shall appoint
him
his portion
with RDB:
Andretumingtohimself,hesaid:Howmany
unbelievers. hired
servants in my father's house abound
K J B : The lord of that servant will come in a day with
bread, 皿d l here perish with hunger?
when
he looketh not for him， and at an hour K
J B : And when
he came
to himself， he said，
when he is not aware， and will cut him in sunder,and wm appoint him his portion with
− 37−
How
many
hired servants of my
father’s
have breadenough
and to sPare，and l perish
with hunger!
(76)(Luke:15-26)
WEB:
He called one of the servants to him， and
asked what waざ Ｏ ｔ ｎ ， θ j 7 .
R D B : And he called one of the servants， and asked what these things meant.
(80)(Luke:17-11)(cf.(M5A))4
WEB:
lt happened as hewas
onhis way to
Jeru-salem，that he 擦琵 aSSln， along the borders of Samaria and Galilee.
RDB : And it came to pass, as he wαsg zg to Jeru- salem,he passed through the midst of Samar- ia and Galilee.
K J B : And
he called one
of the servants， and K
J B : And it came to pass, as he went to Jerusalem，
asked what these things!￡竪!. that he passed through the midst of Samaria
andGalilee.
（77）（Luke:16-1）
WEB:…“There
was a certainrich man who had
amanager.
An accusationwas made to him
that this man w心ｗα肩仮 his possessions.
RDB: …There
was a certain rich man
who
had
ＫＪＢ
（81）（Luke:18-7）
WEB : Won’t God avenge his chosen ones, who arg 9こy訥g out to him day and night， 皿d yet he exercises patrience with them?
asteward : and the same
was accused
unto R
D B : And wm
not God
revenge
his とlect who
him,that he had wasted his goods. gy
to him day and night : and will he have
…There was a certain rich man， which had patience illtheirregaid?
asteward; and the same
was
accused
unto K
J B : And
shall not God
avenge
his own
elect，
him that he had wasted his goods. which gy day and night unto him, though he
bear
long with them?
（78）（Luke:16-3）
WEB:
The
manager
saidwithin
himself，‘What （82）（Luke:18-15）
wi11 1 do，seeing that my lord 秘印諭g
away WEB:
Theyぎ民also徊!蜃!!g
their babies to him，
the
man-agement
position fiom me? ... thathe might touch them. …
RDB:
Andthestewardsaidwithinhimself:What RDB:
A11dtheybroughtuntohimalsoinfants,that
shanldo,because
my lord taketh away from
me
the stewardship? …
K J B : Then the steward said within himself, What
shalH
do? for my lord taketh away from me
- the stewardship:…
(79)(Luke:16-16)
he might touch them. …
K J B : And
they 加乃9旦g坦unto him
also infants，
thathe would touch them:...
(83)(Luke:18-31)
WEB:
He took the twelve aside，and said to them，
“Behold,weαg卯色g
up to Jerusalem, and…
VVEB: …From
that time the Good
News
of the R
D B : Then
Jesus took unto him
the twelve， and
God is Preached， and everyone
VW7’ mto it.
RDB: …from that time the kingdom of God is preached,and eve啄one useth violence towards
1t.
KJB:…since
that time the kingdom
of God
is
preached,and every man presseth into it.
sajdl to them:Behold, we gg up to Jerusalem， K J B : Then he took unto him the twelve， and said
unto them， Behold，we gg up to Jerusalem， and ...
(84)(Luke:19-1)
VVEB: He entered and wα∫ ssln; through Jericho R D B : And entering in, he walked through Jericho
-K J B : Ald Jesus enten,d and passed thll)ughJericho，
KJB:
Andhek)oked
up, and saw the rich men ￡胞二
咄theh'
giftsinto the treasury･
(85)(Luke:19-3)
WEB: He
M億￡吃y桓g to see who
Jesus was， and (90)(Luke:21-5)
couldn't…
RDB
: And
he sought to see Jesus who
he was, and
he
could not ...
KJB:
Andhesgu油t
to see Jesus who he was; and
could
not …
VVEB:
As some wEだたz及汲
about the temple ...he said，RDB: And some glyjng of the temple， that it was adomed with goodly stones and gifts,he said: K J B : And as some M??!!SI?of the temple, …he said，
(86)(Luke:19-31) (91)(Luke:21-30)
WEB:
lf anyone
asks you/W'hＭＥﾑ
you ｕ砦ying WEB
: iVhen
they !E!哩already&M＆lj,zg，you
see
it?' say to him:‘The Lord needs it.'" itand know
by your
ownselves
that the
RDB:
Andifanymanshallaskyou:Whydoyou summerisalreadynear.
loosehim?youshallsaythusuntohim:Be- RDB:
Whentheynowshootforththeirfruit，you
cause
the Lord hath need of his service. know
that summer
is nigh;
K J B : And if any man
ask you, Why
do ye loose K
J B : When
they now
shoot forth，ye see and
him?
thus shall ye say unto him, Because the know
of your own selves that summer
is now
Lord
hath need of him. nigh
at hand.
（87）（Luke:19-33）（cf.
WEB
: As they war皿．
Ｉ
ぐ ・
1n， the colt, the owners of it
said to them, “Why g!y you !摂ly但gthe colt?" RDB : And as they,wEだ1θθs≒gthe colt, the owners
thereof said to them:W'hyk)oS you the colt? KJB: Andastheywり見佃碍!!g the colt, theowners thereof said unto them, Mrhy loose ye the colt?
（88）（Luke:20-2）
WEB:17hey as㎞d him｡“’lenus，…Orwho a 冶咄 you this authority?”
R D B : And spoke to him， saying : TUl us，by what authority dost thou these things? or, IVho is he that れ僻!がy911 thee this authority?
K J B : And spake unto him， saying， Tell us， …o「 who is he that gave thee this authority?
（89
）（
Luke:21-1）
WEB:
He looked up､ and saw the rich people who
Ｗどy？ ｕＵｍ、 their gifts into the treasury，
RDB:
And looking
on，he saw the rich men
cast
- their
giftsinto the treasury･
（92）（Luke:22-26）
VVEB: …But
one who is the greater among
you, 1et
him become
as the younger， and one who 祉
g∂yEy71&lg,asone who serves.
RDB: …but
he that is the greater among
youjet
him become
as the younger; and he that 泌
thelea497, as he that serveth.
KJB: …but he that is greatest among youjet him be as the younger; and he that,is chief, as he
that doth serve.
（93）（Luke:22-47）（cf.（25））
VVEB: M/hile he wαj sti115 εαたjzl ，behold，a !召腿st111ぶρεαg謂g
multi- tude， and he who was called Judas， one of the twelve, wαs＆αぷzzgthem‥..
ＲＤＢ ： Ａｓ ｈｅ ｗ･Ｍ ｙｅｔ？Eabzg,behold a multitude; and he that was called Judas， one of the twelve,wentbeR)re them9｀゜･
K J B : And while he yet spake, behold a multitude， and he that was called Judas， one of the twelve,went before them， …
（94）（Luke:22-60）（c￡（26））
WEB: But Peter said，“Man，l don’ t know what youαzぞ旨＆函&about!” lmmediately,while he芭琶sti11印1?誠ig,a rooster crowed，
-RDB : And Peter said : Man, l know not what thou sayest. And immedialely, as he想g yet？az&か吸， lhe cock crew
K J B : And Peter said，Man，l know not what thou sayst. And immediately, while he yet g!1!秘?， the cock crew.
(95)(Luke:23-34)
VVEB: Jesus said，“Father，forgive them， for they don't know what they gz？ dθjηg."…
RDB : And Jesus said : Father， forgive them， for they know not what they 向‥..
K J B : Then said Jesus， Father，forgive them; for they know not what they 卯‥･･
（96）（Luke:23-51）
dayto a villagenamed Emmaus， …
RDB:
And behold，two of them went，the same
day,to a town which was sixty furlongs from Jeru-salem,named Emmaus.
KJB: And，behold，two of them went that same day to a village called Emmaus、 …
（99）（Luke:24-17）
WEB:
He said to them，“What gy you talking
about as you walk, and are sad?”
RDB:
And he said to them : What are these
dis-Ｋ
courses that you hold one with another as you walk､ and are sad?
J B : And he said unto them、 XVhat manner of
−……
communiqatigns
are l徊咀9 that have one to
another,as ye walk, and are sad?
（100）（Luke:24-21）
WEB:
But
we
wErE/1∂，
1降 wou】d redeem lsrael. …that it was he who
WEB:
he had not consented to theircounsel and RDB:
But we hoped， thatit was he that should
deed,from Arimathaea, a city of the Jews, who WgalsoWα油啄jr the Kingdom of God :
RDB:（The
same
had
not consented
to their
counsel and doings;）of Arimathea， a city
of Judea; who
also himself looked
for the
Ｊ
Ｋ
kingdom of God.
B:（The same had not consented to the couse1 and deed of them;）he was of Arimathaea， a city of the Jews : who also himself waited for
the king-dom
of God.
(97)(Luke:23-54)
WEB
: lt was the day of the Preparation， and the
Sab-bath wa∫jmw泌，
near.R D B : And it was the day of the Parasceve, and the sabbath drew on.
K J B : And
that day was the preparation，and the
sab-bathdrew on.
（98）（Luke:24-13）
WEB:
Behold，two ofthem埋μ7?
Ｏ ｔ ｎ ，have redeemed lsraed: …
K J B : But we trusted that it had been he which
should have redeemed lsrael:…
WEBのみで拡充形であるものは、以上69例
である。うち、主節で現れるものが40例、副詞
節で現れるものが10例、関係節で現れるものが
８例、名詞節で現れるものが11例である。主
節：従節での出現率は、おおよそ３：２の割合
である。拡充形を伴う副詞節を導く接続詞に
は、前節同様as、while、whenがある。なお、
whenについては、関係詞に導かれた形容詞節
構造がwhenに導かれた副詞節構造に変化した
(94)の例もある。さらに、WEBでは、原因・
理由を表すbecauseの例((63))がある。ただし、
原因・理由を示すbecause副詞節が名詞節に変
化した(78)の例もある。共起副詞による枠組
み設定は、前節まで同様、特にない。
拡充形の過去形と現在・未来形との比率は、
2:1(46
: 23)である。23例ある現在・未来形
that very 拡充形のうち13例は、１・２人称主語をとって
−40−
いる。過去形拡充形で1ヅ２人称主語をとって いるのは１例（（100））のみである。２人称主語 の文で現れる拡充形がWEBのみである理由は、 ２人称主格代名詞の変化にあるようである。 KJBとRDBでは、聖書の特徴でもある２人称 主格代名詞thou/ yeの残存によって勣詞の活用 語尾が対応している。これは特に単数主格で顕 著に見られる。 動詞の自動詞・他勤詞の別については、その 比率はおおよそ2:1（48 : 21）である。前節ま での状況に比べて他勤詞の出現率が高くなって いるが、それにしても自動詞は他動詞の２倍の 出現率であり、頻度的にも決して低いとはいえ ない。 各動詞が表す行為がその時点で継続している と考えることができるのは、次の40例である。 （34）（35バ39）（42）（43）（47）（49）（53） （56バ57）（58）（59）（60）（61）（62）（63） （64バ65）（66）（69）（72）（73）（74）（77） （80バ81）（83）（84）（85）（86）（87）（88） （89）（90バ91）（94）（95）（97）（98）（99） 状態、および心的状態が継続していると考え ることができるのは、次の18例である。 （32）（33）（36）（37）（38）（40）（41）（46） （48バ50）（52）（54）（76）（82）（92）（93） （96バ100） 表される状況が間近に迫っているという近接 未来が表されるのは、次の11例である。 （44）（45）（51）（55バ67）（68）（70）（71） （75バ78）（79） 拡充形が示す意昧合いの広がり方は、前節よ りさらに大きく広がっている。 構文対応としてあげることができるのは、次 の点である。
・完丁形
→進行形
（40バ46）（53）（56）（77）
・分裂文疑問文 → 単純疑問文（41バ88）
（単純形） （拡充形） it cam to pass that 単純形→it haPPened that 拡充形（43）（49バ72）（80）
