⁻╔ࡈࡳ㔞ࡢ ᐃᚲせ࡞ᾏࡈࡳࡢ◁ࡽࡢὶฟࡼࡿᾘኻ༙ῶᮇ
ᒸ㔝 ከ㛛࣭᳃⏣
㫽ྲྀᏛᏛ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸪Ꮫ࣭⏕≀ᛂ⏝ᕤᏛᑓᨷ
Elimination Half-life Measurement of Beach Litter in Order to Estimate
the Amount of Floating Marine Litter That is Washed Ashore
Tamon OKANO and Akira MORITA
Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Department of Engineering,
Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8552 Japan
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: The amount of marine litter released from each country is reflected in the amount of beached litter originating from each corresponding country. Therefore, the monitoring results are instrumental in improving the measures to prevent the outflow of waste. However, the actual quantity washed ashore minus the quantity of outflow is the change of accumulated quantity on beach. Therefore, we measured the elimination half-life of litter items on eight beaches facing the Sea of Japan, and classified the items the beached quantity of which are possible to be measured. Consequently, it is impossible to measure the beached quantities of debris of polystyrene foam and plastic bags because of their instant transport even by weak wind. The elimination half-life of PET bottles from the beaches is about one month, because some of them contain residues or sand. Therefore the beached quantities of most of plastic bottles are considered possible to be measured by monthly monitoring. Disposable lighters and glass bottles are not affected by wind transport, and their elimination half-lives are around three months. However, it is difficult to measure the beached quantity of plate-like debris thinner than disposable lighters, because they are buried and exposed by blown sand.
Key Words: Floating marine litter, Elimination half-life, Beached PET bottle, Washed-up lighter, Beach debris
㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ ே ᕤ ⣲ ᮦ ࡈ ࡳ ࡀ ୡ ⏺ ୰ ࡢ ᾏ ᓊ 㔞 ࡢ ሁ ✚ ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡾ㸪ᾏᓊΎᤲࡀᗈ ࡃዡບࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ>@㸬ࡋࡋୡ⏺ࡢᾏᓊ⥺ࡣ ࢆࡇ࠼㸪ேဨⓗࡶ㈝⏝ࡽࡶΎᤲࡣᅔ㞴࡛㸪 ࡲࡓΎᤲࡔࡅ࡛ᾏὒᾋ㐟ࡈࡳࢆῶࡽࡍࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ ࡞࠸㸬᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞ࡇࡣ㸪ࡈࡳࡢὶฟ㜵Ṇ࡛࠶ࡿ >@㸬ࡾࢃࡅ㸪ᛴ㏿ᾘ㈝Ỉ‽ࢆୖ᪼ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ ⎔ኴᖹὒࢪㅖᅜࡗ࡚㸪ὶฟ㜵Ṇࡣႚ⥭ࡢ ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ>@㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ඛ㐍ᅜࡢᑐ⟇ࡶ࡛㸪 ࠼ࡤ᪥ᮏࡸ㡑ᅜ࡛ࡣᗄࡘࡶࡢᑐ⟇ࡀㅮࡌࡽࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡈࡳࡣὶฟࢆ⥆ࡅ㸪ᾏᓊ㔞ࡢࡈࡳࡀ ὶࢀ╔ࡁ㸪⁀ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ>@㸬ࡈࡳࡀ㞃ࢀ࡚ᤞ࡚ ࡽࢀࡓࡾ>@㸪㐣ኻࡽὶฟࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡓࡵ> @㸪ண ᮇ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡈࡳ✀ࡶከࡃ㸪ᮘୖࡢᑐ⟇࡛ࡣ༑ศ ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡞࠸㸬ὶฟ㜵Ṇࡢᐇຠᛶࢆୖࡆࡿࡓࡵࡣ㸪 ࡲࡎὶࢀ╔ࡃࡈࡳ✀ࡑࡢ㔞ࢆㄆ㆑ࡋ㸪ὶฟࡸ ฟࡢཎᅉࡢ㝖ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࡉࡽᢞᲠࡸฟࢆᢚṆ ࡍࡿⓗࢆᑕࡓᑐ⟇ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ὶࢀ╔ࡃ㔞ࡣ⁻╔ࡈࡳ㔞࡛㸪ᾏᓊ⁀ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ ࡿ㔞ࡀሁ✚ࡈࡳ㔞࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⁻╔㔞ࡢㄪᰝࡣⴭ⪅ࡽ ௨እ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ሁ✚ࡈࡳ㔞ࡢㄪᰝࡣᗈ ࡃ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡶ࣓࡛ࣜ࢝ࡣố ⥺㊥㞳 㹫>@㸪ࢠࣜࢫࡸ㡑ᅜ࡛ࡣ 㹫>@㸪 ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ 㹫>@ 㹫>@ࡢሁ✚ࡈࡳࡢㄪᰝ⠊ᅖࡀ ᥎ዡࡉࢀ㸪ࡉࡽࡈࡳ㔞ࡢ༢ࡣ㠃✚ᙜࡓࡾố ⥺㛗ࡉ࠶ࡓࡾࡀΰ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽሁ✚ࡈࡳ ㄪᰝࡢከࡃࡣほගᆅᾏᓊ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ㸪ほගᐈࡢᢞࡆ ᤞ࡚ࡈࡳࢆྵࡴࡍ࡚ࡢᾏࡈࡳࢆㄪᰝࡢᑐ㇟ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋྛᅜࡽ⁻╔ࡍࡿࡈࡳ✀㔞ࡣ Ꮨ⠇ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡾ㸪⁻╔ࡋࡓࡈࡳࡣᾏᓊࡽὶ ฟࡋ࡚⾜ࡃ㸬ࡑࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘࡣࡈࡳ✀ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ ࡾ>@㸪⁻╔㔞ࡀከࡃ࡚ࡶὶฟࡢ㏿࠸ࡈࡳࡢሁ✚ 㔞ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪⁻╔㔞ࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶὶฟࡢ㐜࠸ࡈࡳ ࡢሁ✚㔞ࡣከࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪≉ᐃࡢᏘ⠇ࡢྛ ᅜࡽࡢྛࡈࡳ✀ࡢሁ✚㔞ࡣᾏࡢởࢀࢆ♧ࡍᑻ ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ྛᅜࡽࡢᖺ㛫ࡢฟ㔞ࢆᫎࡋ࡞࠸ ࡓࡵ㸪ྛᅜ࡛ࡢⓗࢆᑕࡓฟᢚไ⟇ᐤࡋ࡞࠸㸬 ᾏᓊࡈࡳࡣࡈࡳ✀ࡢᩘࡔࡅ࠶ࡿ͆ධỈฟỈ㔞
96 岡野多門・森田 晃：漂着ごみ量の測定に必要な海浜ごみの砂浜からの流出による消失半減期㫽 ྲྀ Ꮫ Ꮫ 㝔 ᕤ Ꮫ ◊ ✲ ⛉㸭ᕤ Ꮫ 㒊 ◊ ✲ ሗ ࿌ ➨ ྕ ࡀ␗࡞ࡿ✰࠶ࡁࣂࢣࢶࣔࢹ͇ࣝࡓ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ࣂࢣࢶ⁀ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿỈ㔞ࡀሁ✚ࡈࡳ㔞┦ᙜࡋ㸪 ࡑࢀࡣධỈ㔞ᙜࡓࡿ⁻╔ࡈࡳ㔞࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡋࡓ ࡀࡗ࡚㸪ྛᅜࡽࡢᖺ㛫ࡢ⁻╔㔞ࢆ ࡿࡓࡵࡣ㸪 ὶࢀ╔ࡃ㔞ᑐࡋ࡚ὶฟࡍࡿ㔞ࡀ༑ศᑡ࡞࠸ᮇ 㛫ࡢ㔞ࢆ ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ㐃⥆ࡋ࡚⥆ࡅ㸪ࡑࡢ ᖺ㛫 ࡢ✚⟬್ࡀᖺ㛫⁻╔㔞࡞ࡿ㸬᭱㏆㸪ᾋ㐟ࡈࡳࡢ ⁻╔ὶฟࢆ㐃⥆ⓗࣔࢽࢱ࣮࡛ࡁࡿ࣓࢝ࣛࡢ ⏝ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ>@㸪ࡋࡋ㐲᪉ࡢ࣓࢝ࣛࡽ ὶࢀ╔࠸ࡓࡈࡳ✀ࡢฟᅜࢆ♧ࡍᩥᏐࡸࣂ࣮ࢥ࣮ ࢻࢆࡍ࡚ṇࡋࡃ㆑ูࡍࡿࡇࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪࣓࢝ࣛࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ᪉ἲࡣྛᅜ࡛ࡢᅛᙧ ᗫᲠ≀ࡢ⟶⌮యไࡢᨵၿࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿㄪᰝࡣ㐺 ࡉ࡞࠸㸬 ࡈࡳ✀⏤᮶ᅜࡢṇ☜࡞ྠᐃࡣ㸪ᾏᓊ࡛ࡢほ ⪅ࡼࡿᩥᏐࡸグྕࡢ☜ㄆࡀྍ㑊࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ ࡋ㸪࣓࢝ࣛ␗࡞ࡾ㸪ほ ⪅ࡼࡿᾏ࡛ࡢ㐃 ⥆ࡢ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋㄪᰝࡢ㛫㝸ࡣ㝈ᗘࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀ ࡼࡗ࡚⁻╔㔞ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡈࡳ✀ࡀ㝈ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ὶ ฟ㏿ᗘࡣࡈࡳࡢᏑᅾᆅⅬࡲ࡛ࡢᾏỈ㠃ࡢ㐳ୖ㛵 ಀࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᖸ‶ᕪࡀᑠࡉࡃ㸪ᗈ࠸◁ࡢከ ࠸㫽ྲྀ┴ࡢ◁ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ⏝ࡋ㸪せࡈࡳ✀ࡢὶ ฟࡼࡿ◁ࡽࡢ༙ῶᮇࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ ᐃࢆ⾜࠸㸪 ᪥ᮏᾏഃ࡛⁻╔㔞ࡀ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡈࡳ✀ࡢỴᐃ㸪 㐃⥆ㄪᰝᚲせ࡞㛫㛫㝸ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬 㸰㸬ㄪᰝ ᐃࡢ᪉ἲ 㝣ྥࡁࡢᙉ࠸Ꮨ⠇㢼ࡼࡿ⁻╔⏤᮶ࡈࡳࡢ ᚋ⫼ᶞᯘᖏࡢ⛣㏦ ᐃᛶⓗㄪᰝࡣ㢼⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡸࡍ࠸ࡈࡳ✀ࡢὶฟ㏿ ᗘࡀ㢼⛣㏦ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡈࡳ✀ࡼࡾὶฟ㏿ᗘࡀ㏿࠸ ᐃࡋ࡚⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ㄪᰝᆅࡣ㫽ྲྀ┴ࡢ᮲◁ୣᾏᓊ ࡢǀǮ1㸪ǀǮ(ǀǮ1㸪 ǀǮ(ࡢⅬࡢố⥺᪉ྥࡢ㹫ࢆᇶ‽㸪ố ⥺ࡽᆶ┤᪉ྥ㹫ࡢᚋ⫼ᯇᯘࡲ࡛ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛㸪 ᖺ᭶ ᪥ㄪᰝணᐃࡢࡈࡳ✀ࢆ᧔ཤࡋ㸪 ᖺ᭶᪥⁻╔⏤᮶ࡈࡳࡢศᕸ≧ែࢆㄪࡓ㸬ࡈ ࡳ✀ࡣ┠ ࡛య✚ࡀ௨ୖࡢⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞ ࣥ㸪▷㎶ࡀFP௨ୖࡢࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ⿄㢮㸪ཎᙧࡢ ༙ศ௨ୖࢆࡵࡿ࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࣛࢱ࣮㸪 ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࢞ࣛࢫ⎼࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ⢒⢏ࡢ◁࡛ࡢᾏࡈࡳࡢ㢼Ἴࡢ㐳ୖ ࡼࡿ⛣㏦ 㫽ྲྀ✵ ࡢすഃࡢǀǮ1ǀǮ( ࢆ୰ᚰࡍࡿ◁࡛㸪ᖺ᭶ୗ᪪ࡽ᭶ึ᪪ ࡲ࡛㸪࠾ࡼࡧ ᭶ࡽ᭶୰᪪ࡲ࡛㸪㢼Ἴࡢ㐳ୖ ࡼࡿᾏࡈࡳࡢ⛣㏦ࡘ࠸࡚ẖ᪥ࡢㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᾏᓊࡣố⥺ࡽᆶ┤᪉ྥ⣙Pࡲ࡛ࡢ⠊ ᅖࡀ◁࡛㸪ᖹᆒᩳᗘࡣ⣙ᗘ㸪◁ࡢ⢒⢏⋡ࡣ ࡛ᖹᆒ⢏Ꮚᚄࡣ㹼PP㸪ࡑࡢᚋ⫼ᆅࡣ࡞ࡔࡽ ࡞ⲡᆅ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ୖグࡢⅬࡽ୧ഃPవࡾࡢᆅ Ⅼ㸪ố⥺ᆶ┤᪉ྥࡢࢸࢺ࣏ࣛࢵࢺࡢἼṆࡵࡀ ࠶ࡿࡓࡵㄪᰝᮇ㛫୰ࡢᆅᙧኚࡣᑠࡉࡃ㸪ᾏỈ㠃 ᾏ㠃ࡢ⥺ࡢ⨨ኚࡣPవࡾ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 ࿘㎶ࡽࣛࢱ࣮㸪࢟ࣕࢵࣉࡁࡢᑠᆺ࣌ࢵࢺ ࣎ࢺࣝ㸦㹼POᐜ✚㸧ᰤ㣴ࢻࣜࣥࢡ⎼㸦 㹼POᐜ✚㸧ࢆ㞟ࡵ㸪ᐜჾࡢෆᐜ≀ࡣᤞ࡚㸪ࢻࣜ ࣥࢡ⎼࠾ࡼࡧ㔜㔞ࡀJࡽJ⛬ᗘࡢᶆ‽ⓗ࡞࣌ ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡣ✵ࡢࡲࡲ࡛࢟ࣕࢵࣉࢆ㛢ࡵ㸪ࡢ࣌ ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡣ⣙POࡢᾏỈࢆධࢀ㸪ࡍ࡚ࡢࡈ ࡳ༳ࢆࡅࡓ㸬Ỉධࡾ࣎ࢺࣝࢻࣜࣥࢡ⎼ࣛ ࢱ࣮ಶࡣࡑࡢࡲࡲ◁ୖ⨨ࡁ㸪ࡢࣛࢱ࣮ࡣ ୖ㠃ࢆ◁㠃ྠࡌ㧗ࡉࡋ࡚⨨ࡁ㸪ࡑࢀ㹼 ⛬ᗘࡢ◁ࢆࡅ㸪✵࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡣ◁㠃ࢆFP ᥀ࡗࡓᡤ⨨࠸ࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢಶࢆ┤ᚄP⛬ ᗘࡢ⠊ᅖෆࡲࡵ࡚⤌ࡋ࡚㸪ᾏ㠃ᾏ㠃ࡢ ⥺ࡽୖ᪉㹫ࡢᆅⅬࢆ㉳Ⅼ㸪ố⥺ᆶ┤ࡢ ୗ᪉ྥࡅ࡚Pࡈ⤌ࡎࡘࢆ⨨ࡁ㸪ࡉࡽố⥺ ᪉ྥࡢPࡈิ୪ࡓ㸬పἼࡣố⥺ᆶ┤ ᪉ྥ⤌ࡢ᭱ィ⤌㸪Ἴࡢ㧗࠸᪥ࡢ᭱ᑡࡣ⤌ ࡛ィ⤌࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ㄪᰝࡣࢆ┠ᶆ⾜࠸㸪⨨ࡢ⛣ື㣕◁ ࡼࡿኚࢆㄪ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ⨨ࡸ㣕◁ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆಟ ṇࡋ㸪Ḟᦆ㒊ࢆ⿵࠸㸪⩣᪥ࡢㄪᰝഛ࠼ࡓ㸬タ⨨ ᪥ᩘࡣ᪥௨ୖ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪᭷ຠ࡞ㄪᰝᅇᩘࡣᅇ ࡛㸪ㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᚋࡈࡳࢆ᧔ཤࡋࡓ㸬㢼㏿ࡣ㫽ྲྀ ✵ ࡢ್࡛㸪᭱Ἴ㧗ࡣ㫽ྲྀ✵ Ἀࡢࢼ࢘ࣇࢫ ࡢ್ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬 ⣽⢏ࡢ◁࡛ࡢ㣕◁ࡼࡿࣛࢱ࣮ࡢᇙἐ 㟢ฟࡢᙳ㡪 㫽ྲྀ✵ ഃࡢዟ⾜ᖜࡀ⣙㹫ࡢ◁ࡢ୰ኸ㒊 ࡢǀǮ1ǀǮ (ࡢ࿘㎶࡛ᖺࡢ᭶ ࡽ᭶㣕◁ࡼࡿࣛࢱ࣮ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆㄪࡓ㸬 ࡇࡢ◁ࡢ⢒⢏⋡ࡣ࡛㸪ᖹᆒ⢏ᏊᚄࡣPP ࡽPP࡛࠶ࡿ㸬◁ୖ㎶Pࡢ᪉ᙧࢆ᭩ࡁ㸪 ố⥺ᆶ┤᪉ྥࡢPࡈࣨᡤ㸪ố⥺ᖹ⾜᪉ ྥࡢPࡈิࡢィࣧᡤ㸪ྛಶࡢࣛࢱ࣮ ࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓ㸬ಶࡣ◁㠃ୖ⨨ࡁ㸪ࡢ㸯ಶࡣ◁㠃 ࢆ᥀ࡾ㸪ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢୖ㠃ࢆ◁㠃ྠࡌ㧗ࡉ ࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࢀ㹼㸯ࡢ◁ࢆࡅࡓ㸬
᪥ᚋࡢࡍࡂㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸㸪ྛ⤌ࡢಶ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ ࡣಶࡢࣛࢱ࣮㠃ࡢ༙ศ௨ୖࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀᇙἐ࠶ ࡿ࠸ࡣ㟢ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡓሙྜࢆኚࡋ࡚グ㘓ࡋ㸪ࡑ ࡢᚋኚࢆಟṇࡋ࡚⩣᪥ࡢㄪᰝഛ࠼ࡓ㸬ࡓࡔ ࡋ㸪Ἴࡢ㐳ୖࢆཷࡅ࡚⨨ࡀኚࡋࡓሙྜࡣㄪᰝ ⤖ᯝࡽ㝖࠸ࡓ㸬࡞࠾ࡇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ㫽ྲྀ✵ ࡛ࡢ ᭱㢼㏿PP௨ୖࡢ㝆㞵ࡢ ᐃ್ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ศᯒ ࡋࡓ㸬 ⁻╔ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢᾏᓊ࡛ࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘࡢ ᐃ ᖺᖹᆒࡢ༙ῶᮇ ୗグࡢᾏᓊࡢ◁ࡢố⥺P༊㛫࡛㸪ᖺ ᭶ࡽᖺ ᭶ࡲ࡛ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ᖺ᭶ ࡽᖺ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ᭶ࡈᅇ㸪ᐇ㝿⁻╔ࡋࡓ ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ㠃ᾏᓊ⁻╔᭶ࡀ≉ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ༳ࢆ ࡅ㸪⁻╔ᆅⅬࢆኚ࠼ࡎ㸪ேⅭⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ㑊ࡅࡿ ࡓࡵ◁㠃ࡽ⛬ᗘࡢ῝ࡉᇙࡵࡓ㸬⩣᭶◁ ୖ⾲ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ༳ࡅࣛࢱ࣮ࢆㄪ㸪ࡑࡢ ࣛࢱ࣮ࢆᗘ⛬ᇙࡵ㎸ࢇࡔ㸬༳ࡢ⤊ᚋࡶ ⾲ฟࣛࢱ࣮ࡢㄪᰝࢆ⥆ࡅ㸪⛬ࡢᇙࡵ㎸ࡳࢆ ᖺ ᭶ࡲ࡛⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢᾏᓊࡣࡰྥ ࡁ࡛㸪ࡑࡢす➃ࡢ⨨ࡣ㸿㸹ǀ Ǯ 1ǀ Ǯ( 㹀 ǀǮ1ǀǮ( 㹁 ǀǮ1ǀǮ( 㹂 ǀ Ǯ1ǀǮ( 㹃 ǀǮ1ǀ Ǯ( 㹄 ǀǮ1ǀǮ( 㹅 ǀǮ1ǀǮ( 㹆 ǀ Ǯ1ǀǮ (࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⨨ࡢ ␎ᅗࡣᅗ㸯♧ࡍ㸬 ᅗ㸯 㫽ྲྀ┴ࡢせᕷ⾤㒊Ἑᕝㄪᰝᆅࡢ⨨ ⁻╔࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝᰤ㣴ࢻࣜࣥࢡࡢὶฟ㏿ ᗘ༙ῶᮇࡢỴᐃ ⁻╔ࡋࡓᐜ✚㸯/ᮍ‶ࡢᑠᆺ࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝᰤ 㣴ࢻࣜࣥࢡ⎼ࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘࡢ ᐃࡣᖺ᭶ࡽ ᖺ᭶ࡲ࡛๓グࡢ&㸪(㸪*ࡢᾏᓊࡢྛP༊ 㛫࡛㸪ᖺ᭶ࡽᖺ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡣ%㸪'㸪(㸪* ࡢᾏᓊࡢP༊㛫࡛⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⁻╔ࡈࡳࡢ ෆᐜ≀ࢆᤞ࡚ࡎࡑࡢࡲࡲ࡛㸪࢟ࣕࢵࣉࡢ࡞࠸࣌ࢵ ࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡣᐜჾᮏయ࣌ࣥࡸࢫࣉ࣮࡛ࣞ⁻╔᭶ࡢ ༳ࢆࡅ㸪ࡩࡓࡁᐜჾࡣ⁻╔᭶ሙᡤࢆグࡋࡓ ⏕ศゎᛶࢸ࣮ࣉࢆࡩࡓᐜჾࡢ㛫ᣳࡳ㸪⁻╔ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡓ⨨ࡶྥࡁࡶඖࡢ≧ែᡠࡋ࡚⨨࠸ࡓ㸬 ᖺࡽࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ༳ࡅᚋࡢ᭶ḟㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ ᧔ཤࡋࡓࡀ㸪ᖺࡽࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ᧔ཤࡲ࡛ࡢ᪥ ᩘࢆᘏ㛗ࡋ㸪᭱㛗ࡢᨺ⨨᪥ᩘࡣ ᪥㛫ࡋࡓ㸬 㸱㸬⤖ᯝ⪃ᐹ ⁻╔ࡈࡳ㔞ሁ✚ࡈࡳ㔞ࡢ┦㐪 ᾏὒᾋ㐟ࡈࡳࡢ⁻╔ࡣ᩿⥆ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᾏ ࡽࡢὶฟࡶ᩿⥆ⓗ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪 ୍ᐃᮇ㛫࡛ࡢ⁻╔ᩘὶฟᩘ࠾ࡼࡧᾏୖṧ␃ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡈࡳࡢኚᩘ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕሁ✚ᩘࡢኚ ࡢ㛵ಀࢆಶᩘ࡛グࡍᘧ㸯࡞ࡿ㸬 ሁ✚ᩘࡢኚᩘ㸻⁻╔ᩘ㸫ὶฟᩘ ࠶ࡽࡌࡵᾏୖࡢሁ✚ᩘࢆࢮࣟࡋ࡚ㄪᰝࢆ ጞࡵ࡚ࡶ㸪୍ᐃᮇ㛫ᚋࡢሁ✚ᩘࡣ㸪⁻╔ᩘࡽὶ ฟᩘࢆᘬ࠸ࡓಶᩘ࡞ࡿ㸬ὶฟᩘࡢ ᐃࡣ㸪ሁ✚ ࡈࡳ༳ࢆࡅ㸪᪂ࡋࡃ⁻╔ࡍࡿࡈࡳ༊ูࡀ࡛ ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚㸪୍ᐃᮇ㛫ࡢᚋ㸪༳ࡢ࠸ࡓࡈ ࡳࡢῶᑡᩘࡽ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡑࢀࡼࡗ࡚ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡓ ὶฟᩘࡀ༑ศᑡ࡞࠸ࡳ࡞ࡏࡿᮇ㛫ෆᾏୖ ⁀ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡈࡳᩘࡀ⁻╔ᩘ㏆ఝ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬⥆ ࠸࡚ᗘ㸪ᾏୖ⁀ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡈࡳࢆ᧔ཤࡋ㸪 ࡲࡓὶฟᩘࡀ༑ศᑡ࡞࠸ᮇ㛫ෆ⁀ࡲࡗࡓಶᩘ ࢆ⁻╔ᩘ㏆ఝࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡢㄪᰝࢆ㐃⥆ࡋ࡚⧞ࡾ㏉ ࡍࡇ࡛㸪ྛㄪᰝࡢ⁻╔ᩘࡢ✚⟬್ࡀᖺ㛫ࡸ࠶ࡿ Ꮨ⠇ࡢᮇ㛫ࡢ⁻╔ᩘࡢ㏆ఝ್࡞ࡿ㸬 ⁻╔ᩘࢆ ࡿࡓࡵࡢ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋㄪᰝࡢ㛫㛫㝸ࡣ㸪 ࡑࡢࡈࡳ✀ࡢᾏࡽࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘࡼࡗ࡚Ỵࡲࡿ㸬 ྛᅜࡢฟᢚไ⟇ࡢᨵၿࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ㸪 ฟ⏤᮶ᅜࡢṇ☜࡞ᖐᒓࡀᚲ㡲࡛㸪ほ ⪅ࡼࡿ ㄪᰝࡀྍ㑊࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ほ ⪅ࡼࡿㄪᰝࡢᐇྍ ⬟࡞㛫㝸ࢆ ࣨ᭶⛬௬ᐃࡍࡿ㸪ὶฟࡼࡿ༙ ῶᮇࡀ࠾ࡼࡑ ࣨ᭶ࡼࡾ▷࠸ࡈࡳ✀ࡢ⁻╔ᩘࡢ ᐃࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ὶࢀ╔ࡃࡈࡳ✀࡛࠶ࡗ ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡍ࡚ࡢࡈࡳ✀ࡢ⁻╔㔞ࢆ ࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ ࡞࠸㸬
98 㫽 ྲྀ Ꮫ Ꮫ 㝔 ᕤ Ꮫ ◊ ✲ ⛉㸭ᕤ Ꮫ 㒊 ◊ ✲ ሗ ࿌ ➨ ྕ ⁻╔ࡈࡳࡢ㢼ࡼࡿᙳ㡪 㢼ࡼࡿእຊࡣᑐ㇟≀ࡢᢞᙳ㠃✚ẚࡋ㸪ᢠ ຊࡣ㔜㔞ẚࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵẚ㔜ࡀࡁࡃ࡚ࡶ 㔜㔞ࡢᑠࡉ࡞ᚤᑠ≀ࡣ㢼࡛⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡸࡍࡃ㸪᪉ ࡛పẚ㔜࡛ࡶయ✚ࡢࡁ࡞ࡈࡳࡣ㢼⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡃ ࠸㸬◁ࡢẚ㔜ࡣ 㹼 ⛬ࡁ࠸ࡀ㸪୍⯡ⓗ࡞◁ ࡣ㢼㏿ PVHF ๓ᚋࡽືࡁጞࡵࡿ㸬᪉࡛ⓎἻ࣏ ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥࡢẚ㔜ࡣ ๓ᚋᑠࡉ࠸ࡀ㸪㸯௨ ୖࡢࣇ࣮ࣟࢺࡣ㢼㏿ PVHF ⛬ᗘ࡛ࡣ㸪⮬↛࡛ࡁ ࡓพฝࡢ࠶ࡿ◁ୖࡽື࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㢼⛣㏦ ࡉࢀࡸࡍ࠸ࡈࡳ✀ࡢᾏࡽࡢὶฟࡣ㏿࠸௬ᐃ ࡋ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢᾏᓊ࡛㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ⁻╔≀ࡢ㢼⛣㏦ࢆᏘ⠇ 㢼ࡢᙉ࠸ᮇᐃᛶⓗㄪࡓ㸬 ᅗ㸰 せࡈࡳ✀ࡢ◁ᚋ⫼㜵㢼ᯘෆࡢศᕸ ᾏᚋ⫼ᶞᯘᖏࢆྵࡴㄪᰝ⠊ᅖࡢࡈࡳࢆ ᭶ࡍ࡚᧔ཤࡋ㸪⩣ᖺࡢ ᭶⁻╔ࡋࡓࡈࡳࡢ ศᕸࢆㄪࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ㛫ࡢ㫽ྲྀ✵ ࡛ࡢ᭱㢼㏿ࡣ す PVHF ࡛㸪ㄪᰝᆅࡢᾏᓊ࡛ࡢ᭱㢼㏿ࡶ ྠ⛬ᗘᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬ㄪᰝᆅࡢᆅᙧࡈࡳࡢศᕸࢆ ᅗ㸰♧ࡍ㸬ⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ◚∦ࡣ ಶ࡛㸪ࡑ ࡢෆࡢ ಶࡀ⣙ P ࡢ㧗ࡉࡢᅵᡭࢆࡇ࠼ࡓ㜵㢼ᯘ ෆ࡛㸪ࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ⿄ࡢ ಶࡢෆࡢ ಶ㸪࣌ࢵࢺ ࣎ࢺࣝ ಶ୰ࡢ ಶࡀ㜵㢼ᯘෆぢࡽࢀࡓ㸬᪉ ࡛ࣛࢱ࣮ ಶ࢞ࣛࢫ⎼ ಶࡣࡍ࡚ᾏഃ ࡛ぢࡘࡗࡓ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ࣛࢱ࣮࢞ࣛࢫ⎼ ࡢㄪᰝ⠊ᅖࢆᾏ㝈ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪ᅵᡭࢆ ࡇ࠼ࡓࡈࡳ✀࡛ࡣ㸪ㄪᰝ⠊ᅖࡢ㝈ᐃࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 㜵㢼ᯘෆࡢ࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡣᩘࡢ ࡛㸪ࡑࡢ ࡍ࡚ࡀ✵࣎ࢺ࡛ࣝ㸪 ಶࡣᅵᡭࡢᇶ㒊࠶ࡗࡓ㸬 㜵㢼ᯘෆࡣⲡᮌࡀከࡃ㸪ᮇࡢᾏྥࡁࡢ㢼㸦༡ 㢼㸧ࡣᙅ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪㜵㢼ᯘഃࡽᅵᡭࢆࡇ࠼࡚ᾏ ഃᡠࡿ㢼⛣㏦ࡣ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㜵㢼 ᯘෆࡢಶᩘࡀ ࣧ᭶㛫ᅵᡭࢆࡇ࠼ࡓᩘุ᩿ ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ㄪᰝ㛫㝸ࢆ ࣨ᭶ࡼࡾ▷ࡃࡍ ࡿࡇ࡛㸪⁻╔ᩘࡢ ᐃࢆᾏࡢ⠊ᅖࡔࡅ࡛⾜࠺ ࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬 ┿࡛ぢࡿ⁻╔⏤᮶ࡈࡳࡢ㢼⛣㏦ ᅗ㸱 ⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ◚∦ࡢ㑅ᢥ⁻╔ ᾏࡽ㢼࡛⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡓపẚ㔜ࡢ㍍㔞ࡈࡳ ᭱ࡶ㢼࡛⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡸࡍ࠸ࡈࡳ✀ࡣⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳ ࣞࣥࡢᚤᑠ◚∦࡛㸪≉ࣅ࣮ࢬἲࡢⓎἻయࡣᶵᲔ ⓗᙉᗘࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪࣋ࣥࢪࣝࡢⅣ⣲ࡢ⤖ྜࡀග 㛤ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡓࡵຎࡀ㏿ࡃ㸪ᐜ᫆ᚤ⣽࡞◚ 岡野多門・森田 晃：漂着ごみ量の測定に必要な海浜ごみの砂浜からの流出による消失半減期
∦ࢆ⏕ࡌࡸࡍ࠸㸬ᅗ㸱㸿ࡢୖ᪉㔮ࡾேࡀࡗ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛⁻╔ࡋࡓⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ◚∦ ᆺ≀ࡣぢࡽࢀࡎ㸪ⓎἻࣅ࣮ࢬ ಶࡽᩘⓒಶ⛬ ᗘࡢᚤᑠ◚∦ࡔࡅࡀ㑅ᢥⓗ⁻╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⁻╔ ᖏố⥺ࡢ㊥㞳ࡀ P㹼P ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡽ㸪ᓊྥ ࡁࡢ㢼ࡢᙅ࠸㸪Ἴࡢప࠸᪥ᡴࡕୖࡆࡽࢀࡓࡇ ࡀศࡿ㸬ⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥࡢ◚∦ࡀ㢼࡛ᐜ᫆ ⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡣ :HE࣓࡛࢝ࣛ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚ሗ࿌ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ>@㸪⇱࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⬺ሷ⇱ࡍࡿᚤ 㢼࡛ࡶ㣕ᩓࡍࡿ㸬᪉࡛㸪ᅗ㸱㹀ࡣ㧗Ἴࡢ⁻╔ ࡛㸪ᚤ⣽◚∦ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪୰ᆺࡢⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ ◚∦ࡀ㑅ᢥⓗ⁻╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㔜せ࡞ࡣ㸪ᅗ㸰 㸿࡛ࡶ㸰㹀࡛ࡶ㸪ⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ௨እࡢࡈࡳࡣ ᴟ➃ᑡ࡞࠸㸬ࡇࡢᐇࡣ㸪ⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ◚ ∦ࡢࡈࡳࡀᾏୖ࡛⮬↛ศ㞳ࡉࢀ㸪ࡉࡽⓎἻ ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ◚∦ࡢᑠࡶ㸪⮬↛ศ㞳ࡉࢀࡿࡇ ࡀศࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥࡢ㔞 ࢆ ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪ࡑࢀࡣฟࢆᫎࡋ࡞࠸㸬 ᅗ㸱㹁ࡣἼࡢ㐩ࡋ࡞࠸ᾏ᭱ୖ㒊ࡢ྿ࡁ⁀ࡲࡾ ࡛㸪㏻ᖖࣅ࣮ࢬἲⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ◚∦ࡀ㔞 ሁ✚ࡋ㸪ᑡᩘࡢ࢝ࢵࣉ㯝ࡸ⣡㇋㸪㣗ရࢺࣞ࡞ ࡢⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳ࣮ࣞࣥ࣌ࣃ࣮ࡸ㸪㔜㔞ࡀ J ๓ᚋࡢ ࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ〇ࡢ✵ࡢ⿄ࡸᐜჾ㢮㸪㠀ⓎἻࢺࣞ ࡞ࡀᑡᩘྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ㸱㹂ࡣᙉ㢼ᚋࡢ㐟Ṍ 㐨㢼⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡓ⁻╔⏤᮶ࡈࡳ࡛㸪㔜㔞 J ๓ᚋࡢ 㯮࠸ⱑᮌ࣏ࢵࢺࡸ J ⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ࡢᅄゅࡢ㇋⭉ᐜჾ㸪 ᑠᆺࡢ✵⿄࡞ࡀぢ࠼ࡿ㸬◁ୖࡶࡇࢀࡽࡢࡈ ࡳ✀ࡣṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪㐟Ṍ㐨ୖࡢࡈࡳࡣ␗࡞ࡾ㸪 ࡑࢀࡽࡣ◁Ỉࡀධࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬 㐟Ṍ㐨࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ◚∦ ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡢከࡃࡣⲡᆅࢆࡇ࠼ࡓ 㐟Ṍ㐨ࡲ࡛㐩ࡏࡎ㸪ⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ◚∦ࡣࡉࡽ ᚋ⫼ᶞᯘᖏࡲ࡛㣕ᩓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬ᅗ㸱㹃ࡣᯇࡢ᳜ ᯘࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᗈⴥᶞࡀఆ᥇ࡉࢀࡓ┤ᚋࡢ┿࡛㸪P వࡾࡢ㧗ࡉࡢᓴୖࡢ⛸⥺ࢆ㣕ࡧ㉺࠼ࡓᩘⓒ㹥⛬ ᗘࡲ࡛ࡢ୰ᑠᆺࡢⓎἻ࣏ࣜࢫࢳࣞࣥ◚∦ࡀከࡃぢ ࡽࢀ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡀ㣕ᩓࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡛㸪✵୰࡛ࡢ㢼㑅ࢆ ཷࡅ㸪ᖏ≧ሁ✚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽ ࡢ┿ࡽ㢼⛣㏦ࢆཷࡅࡸࡍ࠸ࡈࡳ✀ࡢ㡰ᗎࢆᐃ ᛶⓗ▱ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢࡼ࠺㸪ᾏ እ⏝ព㢼⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡿࡈࡳ✀ࡣὶฟ㏿ᗘࡔࡅ࡛ ࡞ࡃ㸪ㄪᰝ⠊ᅖࡢタᐃࡽࡶ⁻╔ᩘ㔞ࢆ ࡿࡇ ࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ✵ࡢ࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡢ㢼⛣㏦ ࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡣୡ⏺୰࡛ᗈࡃ⏝ࡉࢀ㸪ࢪ ࡢᾏᇦ࡛ࡶ῝้࡞ࡈࡳ✀࡛࠶ࡿ>@㸬๓グࡢࡼ࠺ ✵࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡣᮇࡢᙉ㢼࡛ࡶ㸪࠶ࡲࡾ✵୰㣕 ᩓࡋ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪◁ୖࢆ㌿ࡀࡿࡇࡣࡋࡤࡋࡤ┠ᧁ ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ཎᙧࢆࡵࡓ PO ๓ᚋࡢᐜ 㔞ࡢ⁻╔⏤᮶࣎ࢺࣝࢆᣠ࠸㞟ࡵ㸪ẚ㔜ࡀ ๓ᚋ ࡢᶆ‽ⓗ࡞✵࣎ࢺࣝࢆ㸪⁻╔ᚋพฝࡢ࠶ࡿ◁ 㠃Ṇࡲࡗࡓᐃࡋ㸪◁㠃ࢆ ⛬᥀ࡗ࡚࣎ࢺ ࣝࢆ⨨ࡁ㸪ྠᾏỈࢆ⣙ PO ධࢀࡓ⁻╔࣎ࢺ ࣝࢆ୍⤌ࡋ࡚⨨ࡁ㸪 㛫ࡢෆ㢼࡛ື࠸ࡓ ྰࢆㄪࡓ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪Ỉධࡾ࣎ࢺࣝࡣ㢼࡛ື ࡎ㸪✵࣎ࢺࣝࡔࡅࡀ⛣ືࡋࡓሙྜࢆ㢼⛣㏦ࡳ ࡞ࡋ㸪Ỉධࡾࡶ✵࣎ࢺࣝࡶື࡞ࡗࡓ⤌ᩘᑐ ࡍࡿྜࢆ㸪 㛫ࡢ᭱㢼㏿ᑐࡋ࡚ࣈࣟࢵࢺ ࡋ㸪ᅗ㸲࡛♧ࡍ㸬 ᅗ㸲 タ⨨ᚋ 㛫࠾ࡅࡿ✵࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡢ ⛣ື⋡᭱㢼㏿ Ỉධࡾ࣎ࢺࣝࡀື࡞ࡗࡓ⤌ᩘࡣ ࡛㸪 ࡑࡢෆ࡛᭱㢼㏿ࡀ PVHF ௨ୗࡢ᪥ࡢ⤌ᩘࡣ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬᭱㢼㏿ࡀ PVHF ௨ୗࡢ᪥ࡢෆࡢ✵࣎ ࢺࣝࡔࡅࡀື࠸ࡓ⤌ᩘࡣ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ⛣ື⋡ ࡣ㠀ᖖᑠࡉࡃ㸪ேࡸື≀ࡼࡿ⛣ືࡶྰᐃ࡛ࡁ ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪᭱㢼㏿ PVHF ௨ୗ࡛ࡣ㌿ࡀࡾ⛣㏦ࡣ ㉳ࡇࡽ࡞࠸ุ᩿ࡋࡓ㸬᭱㢼㏿ࡀ 㹼PVHF ࡞ࡿ㸪㢼⛣㏦ࡀ᫂☜☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ ࡓ㸬 ᅗ㸰ࡸᅗ㸱ࡽ㸪J ⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ࡢࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ ࡢ✵ࡢ⿄㢮ࡸࢺࣞ㸪ⱑᮌ࣏ࢵࢺ࡞ࡢ㍍࠸ࡈࡳ ࡣ㸪✵࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡼࡾ㢼࡛ືࡁࡸࡍ࠸ࡇࡀศ ࡿ㸬ࡇࢁ࡛᭱㢼㏿ࡀ PVHF ࡲ࡛ࡢ᪥ࡣ㐌 」ᩘᅇ࠶ࡾ㸪᭱㢼㏿ PVHF ㏆ࡃࡢ᪥ࡶ᭶」 ᩘᅇ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘ ࡢ ᐃࡣ㸪ࡢࡈࡳ✀ࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘࢆ᥎ ࡍࡿࡓࡵ 㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 Ἴࡢ㐳ୖ㢼ࡼࡿᾏࡈࡳࡢ⛣ື Ἴࡢ㐳ୖ⨨ࡀ㡰ḟపୗࡍࡿ」ᩘࡢ⁻╔ࡈࡳᖏ
100 㫽 ྲྀ Ꮫ Ꮫ 㝔 ᕤ Ꮫ ◊ ✲ ⛉㸭ᕤ Ꮫ 㒊 ◊ ✲ ሗ ࿌ ➨ ྕ ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿ>@㸬๓グࡢỈධࡾ✵࣌ࢵ ࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡢㄪᰝࡣࡑࡢ⁻╔ࡈࡳᖏࢆࣔࢹࣝࡋࡓ㸬 ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡣࡉࡽ✵ࢻࣜࣥࢡ⎼ࣛࢱ࣮ ಶࡢィ ಶࢆ ⤌ࡋࡓㄪᰝ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࢻࣜࣥࢡ⎼ ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ ಶࡣ◁㠃ୖ⨨ࡁ㸪ࡢࣛࢱ࣮ ࡣᑡࡋᇙࡵ࡚ୖࡽ◁ࢆࡅ㸪ᾏỈ㠃ᾏ㠃ࡢ ⥺ࡽᆶ┤᪉ྥ P ࡢᆅⅬࡽố⥺ྥࡗ ࡚㸯⤌ࡎࡘ㸪P ࡈ⨨ࡁ㸪 㛫ᚋࡢタ⨨ᆅⅬ ࡽࡢ⛣ື࠾ࡼࡧ㣕◁ࡼࡿࣛࢱ࣮ࡢᇙἐ㟢ฟ ࢆኚືᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚ㄪࡓ㸬᭷ຠ࡞ㄪᰝᅇᩘࡣ ᅇ࡛㸪ኚືࡋࡓಶᩘࢆタ⨨ᩘ࡛㝖ࡋࡓ್ࢆኚື⋡ ࡋ࡚㸪ᾏỈ㠃ᾏ㠃ࡢ⥺ࡽࡢ㊥㞳࡛ࣉࣟ ࢵࢺࡋ࡚㸪ᅗ㸳࡛♧ࡋࡓ㸬 ᅗ㸳 タ⨨ᚋ 㛫࠾ࡅࡿ㢼 Ἴࡢ㐳ୖࡼࡿᾏࡈࡳࡢኚື ố⥺ࡽୖ᪉ྥ࠺ࡘࢀ࡚㸪ࡍ࡚ࡢࡈࡳ ✀ࡢኚື⋡ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᅉࡣἼࡢ㐳ୖ࡛㸪 ◁ࡢୖ㒊ࡲ࡛Ἴࡀ㐩ࡍࡿ᪥ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ✵࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡢኚື⋡ࡀࡢࡈࡳ✀ẚ࡚ ࡁ࠸ཎᅉࡣ㢼⛣㏦ࡼࡿ㸬ୗ᪉࡛ࡣ✵࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺ ࣝࡢࡈࡳ✀ࡢኚື⋡ࡢ┦㐪ࡀᑠࡉࡃ㸪㢼⛣㏦ ࡼࡾἼࡢ㐳ୖࡼࡿ⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡿ᪥ࡀከ࠸ࡇࢆ♧ ࡍ㸬 Ỉධࡾ࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝ㸪ࢻࣜࣥࢡ⎼㸪ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ ⪅ࡢኚື⋡ࡣࡢᆅⅬ࡛ࡶࡰྠࡌ࡛㸪࠸ࡎࢀ ࡢࡈࡳ✀ࡶㄪᰝᮇ㛫୰ࡢ᭱㢼㏿ PVHF ࡲ࡛㸪 㢼⛣㏦ࢆཷࡅ࡞࠸ࡇࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡉࡽἼࡢ㐳ୖ࡛ ࡣ㸪◁ࢆࡅ࡚ᇙࡵࡓࣛࢱ࣮ࡶࡢࡈࡳ✀ྠ ື࠸࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪⾲ฟ≀ࡶ◁୰ࡢ῝ࡉ ࡀὸ࠸ᇙἐ≀࡞ࡽ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡶྠࡌࡼ࠺Ἴࡢ㐳ୖ ࡛⛣㏦ࡉࢀ㸪ୖグ ✀ࡢ㧗ẚ㔜ࡈࡳ✀ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪 㢼ẚ࡚Ἴࡢ㐳ୖỈࡢ⛣㏦ຊࡀᅽಽⓗᙉ࠸ࡇ ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬㐳ୖỈࡢὶ㏿ࡣ㏻ᖖ㸪㢼ẚ࡚㐜࠸ ࡀ㸪ẚ㔜ࡣ✵Ẽࡢ⣙ ಸ࡛㸪㢼ࡼࡾࡁ࡞እຊ 㸪ࡉࡽᾏỈࡢᾋຊࡼࡗ࡚ᢠຊࢆᙅࡵࡿࡇ ࡛⛣㏦ࢆᐜ᫆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ࡇࡇ࡛ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ㣕◁ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵ 㸪◁ࡢᖹᆒ⢏Ꮚᚄࡢࡁ࡞ 㹼PP ࡢ㫽ྲྀ✵ すഃࡢᾏᓊࢆ㑅ࢇࡔࡀ㸪ࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ P ௨ୖࡢᆅ Ⅼ࡛ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢኚື⋡ࡣỈධࡾ࣎ࢺࣝࡸࢻࣜࣥࢡ ⎼ࡼࡾ ๓ᚋ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ ᅇࡢㄪᰝ୰࡛ᘏ ᅇ㧗࠸㸬ࡑࡢཎᅉࡣ⫼ࡢప࠸ࣛࢱ࣮ࡀ㣕◁ ࡼࡿᇙἐ㟢ฟࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡇ ࡢ ㄪ ᰝ ᮇ 㛫 ࡢ ᭱ 㢼 ㏿ ࡣ PVHF ࡀ ᅇ 㸪 PVHF PVHF ࡀྛ㸯ᅇ࡛㸪ࣛࢱ࣮ᙳ㡪 ࢆ࠾ࡼࡰࡍࡇࡢᾏᓊ࡛ࡢ㣕◁ࡢⓎ⏕ࡣ PVHF ௨ୖࡢ㢼㏿ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀศࡿ ㄪᰝ⠊ᅖࡢố⥺᪉ྥࡢ୧ഃࡢྛ P ࢆྵࡴィ P ࡢ⠊ᅖୖ᪉ࡢ P ࡲ࡛⠊ᅖෆ㸪⛣ືࡋ࡚ ṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡓಶᩘࢆṧ␃ᩘࡋ࡚㸪 ᭶ ᪥ࡼࡾ ᐃࢆጞࡵࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪✵࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝ㸪ࣛ ࢱ࣮㸪Ỉධࡾ࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝᰤ㣴ࢻࣜࣥࢡ⎼ࡢ ⪅ࢆྜࢃࡏࡓࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ✚⟬ኚືᩘࡣ ಶ㸪 ಶ㸪 ಶ࡛㸪✚⟬ṧ␃ᩘ㸦ṧ␃⋡㸧ࡣ ಶ㸦㸣㸧㸪 ಶ㸦 㸣㸧㸪 ಶ㸦㸣㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬✵࣌ࢵ ࢺ࣎ࢺࣝࡢタ⨨ᩘࡣᚋ ⩌ࡢࡈࡳ✀ࡢ༙ᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ ࡀ㸪ኚືᩘࡣᚋ ⩌ࡼࡾࡴࡋࢁከࡃ㸪㏫ṧ␃ᩘ ࡣᑡ࡞࠸㸬ࣛࢱ࣮㸪Ỉධࡾ࣌ࢵࢺ࣎ࢺࣝ㸪ᰤ㣴 ࢻࣜࣥࢡ⎼ࡢṧ␃⋡ࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ 㸣๓ᚋ࡛࠶ࡿ ࡀ㸪ṧࡾࡢ⣙ 㸣ࡀㄪᰝ⠊ᅖእ⁻╔ࡋࡓྍ⬟ ᛶࡀྰᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ 㛫ࡢἼࡢ㐳ୖ ࡛Ἀྜὶࡋฟࡉࢀࡿ☜⋡ࡣ 㸣ࡼࡾప࠸ࡇ ゝ࠼ࡿ㸬 ㄪᰝᮇ㛫୰ࡢ᭱㧗ࡢ᭷⩏Ἴ㧗ࡣ P㸪ḟ࠸࡛ P㸪ࡉࡽ P ௨ୖࡢ᪥ࡀ ᅇ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀ ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ P ࢆࡇ࠼࡚Ἴࡀ㐳ୖࡋࡓᅇᩘࡣ ᅇ㸪 P ࡲ࡛㐳ୖࡋࡓᅇᩘࡀ ᅇ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬௬㸪᭷⩏ Ἴ㧗ࡀ P ࡛ố⥺ࡽ P ࡲ࡛㐳ୖࡋࡓ௬ᐃࡍࡿ 㸪◁ࡢᩳᗘࡀ ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᾏỈ㠃ࡽ㧗 ᗘ⣙ P ࡲ࡛㐳ୖࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ P ࡢ ୖ᪼ࡣኴᖹὒഃࡢ₻࡛ࡢᖸ₻‶₻ࡢ₻ᕪࡼ ࡾ㸪ࡴࡋࢁᑠࡉ࠸㸬Ἴࡢ㐳ୖ₻ộࡼࡿᾏỈ㠃 ࡢୖ᪼ࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶᾏࡈࡳࡢὶฟࢆಁࡍࡀ㸪୧⪅ ࡢస⏝ࡣࡁ࡞┦㐪ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬Ἴࡣᓊྥࡁࡢ㢼࡛ 㧗ࡲࡾ㸪Ἴࡀ㐳ୖࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡛ᾏࡈࡳࢆࡢୖ㒊 ᢲࡋୖࡆ㸪ὶࢀୗࡿ㐣⛬୍࡛㒊ࡢࡈࡳࢆὶࡋⴠ ࡍ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ᓊྥࡁࡢ㢼ࡀࡈࡳࡢὶୗࢆᢲࡋ␃ ࡵ㸪ࡉࡽ㐳ୖỈࡣὶࢀୗࡿ㐣⛬࡛◁ᾐࡳ㎸ࡳ㸪 Ỉ㔞ࡢపୗࡼࡗ࡚ᾋຊὶࡋⴠࡍຊࢆᙅࡵࡿ㸬 ࡑࢀ࡛ࡶ୍㒊ࡢࡈࡳࡣ○Ἴᖏὶࢀⴠࡕࡿࡀ㸪 ᗘᓊྥࡁࡢ㢼Ἴ࡛ᡴࡕୖࡆࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪 岡野多門・森田 晃：漂着ごみ量の測定に必要な海浜ごみの砂浜からの流出による消失半減期
㛫࡛ࡢἼࡢ㐳ୖ࡛Ἀὶฟࡍࡿ☜⋡ࡣ๓グ ࡢࡼ࠺ 㸣ࡼࡾప࠸⤖ᯝ࡞ࡿ㸬᪉࡛㸪₻ộ ኚࡢࡁ࡞ᾏ࡛ࡣ㸪㢼ࡀἈྥࡁࡸ↓㢼㏆ࡃ ࡚Ἴࡀపࡃ࡚ࡶ㸪₻ộ࡛ᾏ㠃ࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࢀ ࡼࡗ࡚ᾏࡈࡳࡣᾋࡁୖࡀࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪ୖグࡢࡼ ࠺࡞㢼ἼࡼࡿὶฟࢆṆࡵࡿస⏝ࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᘬ ࡁ₻࡞ࡿ༙ࡢࡈࡳࡀἈὶฟࡋ࡚⾜ࡃ㸬‶ ₻ࡣ᪥ ᅇ㸪₻ࡣ᭶ ᅇ࠶ࡾ㸪ᘬࡁ₻ࡢ ࡈࡳࡢὶฟࢆ℩ᡞෆᾏ࡛ࡣ᪥ᖖⓗぢࡿࡇࡀ࡛ ࡁࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪₻ộኚࡢࡁ࠸ᾏᓊ࡛ࡣࡍ ࡚ࡢࡈࡳ✀ࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘࡀ㏿ࡃ㸪ᾏࡈࡳ㔞ࡀᑡ ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ⁻╔㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸㸬 ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ㣕◁ࡼࡿᇙἐ㟢ฟ ᅗ㸴 タ⨨ᚋࡢ 㛫࠾ࡅࡿ㣕◁ࡼࡿ ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢኚື⋡᭱㢼㏿ ⫼ࡢప࠸ࡈࡳ✀ࡣ㣕◁ࡼࡿᇙἐ㟢ฟࡽ㸪◁ ୖࡢฟ⌧ᩘࢆኚࡉࡏࡿ㸬ࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ㫽ྲྀ✵ ഃࡢᖹᆒ⢏Ꮚᚄࡀ PP㹼PP ࡢ⣽࠸◁ ࡛ㄪᰝࡋࡓ㸬ࣛࢱ࣮ ಶࡣ◁㠃ୖ⨨ࡁ㸪 ࡢ㸯ಶࡣࣛࢱ࣮ୖ㠃ࢆ◁㠃ྠࡌ㧗ࡉ⨨࠸࡚㸪 ࡑࢀ 㹼㸯ࡢ◁ࢆࡅ࡚ ⤌ࡋࡓ㸬 㛫ᚋ◁㠃ୖ⨨࠸ࡓࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ༙ศ௨ୖ ࡀᇙἐ㸪ᇙࡵࡓࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ༙ศ௨ୖࡀ㟢ฟࡢ࠸ ࡎࢀ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ୧᪉ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓ⤌ࢆኚᐃ⩏ ࡋ㸪Ἴࡢ㐳ୖࡼࡗ࡚⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡓ⤌ࢆ㝖ࡁ㸪୧⪅ ࡶኚࡋ࡞ࡗࡓ⤌ᩘᑐࡍࡿኚࡋࡓ⤌ᩘࡢ ྜࢆ㸪↓㝆㞵᪥㝆㞵᪥ศࡅ㸪᭱㢼㏿ᑐ ࡋ࡚ࣈࣟࢵࢺࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ㸴ࡽศࡿࡼ࠺㸪ࡇࡢ ࡛ࡣ᭱㢼㏿ PVHF ⛬ᗘࡽ㣕◁ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ ࡀ㸪ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢᇙἐ㟢ฟ᫂ࡽ࡞ᙳ㡪ࡀࡳࡽ ࢀࡿࡢࡣ᭱㢼㏿ PVHF ⛬ᗘࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㝆㞵᪥ ࡢ㣕◁ࡣ㉳ࡇࡾࡃ࠸ࡀ㸪᭱㢼㏿ PVHF ๓ᚋ ࡽ 㝆 㞵 ࡼ ࡽ ࡎ 㣕 ◁ ࡢ ᙳ 㡪 ࡀ ᫂ ☜ ࡞ ࡾ 㸪 PVHF ௨ୖ࡛ࡣ⃭ࡋࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋࡋࣛࢱ࣮ ⮬యࡣࡇࡢㄪᰝᮇ㛫୰ࡢ᭱㢼㏿ࡢ PVHF ࡛ࡶ 㢼⛣㏦ࡉࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ᭱㢼㏿ࡀ PVHF ๓ᚋࡢ᪥ࡣ᭶ᩘᅇ࠶ࡿࡓ ࡵ㸪㣕◁ࡣࡑࡢᗘⓎ⏕ࡋ㸪⫼ࡢప࠸ࡈࡳࡣᇙἐ 㟢ฟࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᥎ ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ከࡃࡢ◁ ࡛㸪◁ࡣࣞࢪࣥ࣌ࣞࢵࢺࡸࡑࢀ௨ୖࡢ㔜㔞ࡢᯈ ≧࣏ࣜ࢜ࣞࣇࣥ◚∦ࡼࡾඛ㢼⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᐇ 㝿⫼ࡢప࠸ࡈࡳࡀᇙἐࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡣⰋࡃ▱ࡽ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡋ>@㸪ὸࡃ◁୰ᇙἐࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࣏ࣜ ࢜ࣞࣇࣥࡢࣞࢪࣥ࣌ࣞࢵࢺࡸ◚∦ࡀἼࡢ㐳ୖỈ ࡛ᾋࡁୖࡀࡾ㸪◁ୖ㟢ฟࡍࡿ⌧㇟ࡣⰋࡃぢࡽࢀ ࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᇙἐ㟢ฟࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍࣛࢱ࣮ ࡼࡾ⫼ࡢప࠸ࡈࡳ✀ࡢ⁻╔㔞ࡢ ᐃࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡋࡶᾋ㐟ᛶࡢ◚∦㢮ࡣẸ⏕⏤᮶ࡢ࣏ࣜ࢜ࣞ ࣇࣥ〇ࡢࡈࡳࡽⓎ⏕ࡋࡓྂ࠸ࡈࡳ࡛㸪⁻╔㔜 㔞ࡢከ࠸⁺ᴗ⏝ရࡣ࣏ࣜሷࣅࢽࣝ࡞ࡢẚ㔜 ࡀ㔜࠸⣲ᮦࡀከࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ㸪ࡲࡓ࣮ࣟࣉࡣ㉸ᴟ⣽ ࡢ⧄⥔≧ຎࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡶᾏୖ࡛┠ど ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸>@㸬〇ရࡈࡳࡢὶฟࢆ๐ῶࡍࡿࡇࡣ㸪 ࣜ࢜ࣞࣇࣥ◚∦ࢆ๐ῶࡋ㸪ᾏᇦ⏕≀ࡢ⬣ጾࡢ ๐ῶࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡢ⁻╔ 㔞ࡸሁ✚㔞ࢆ ࡿព⩏ࡣᑠࡉ࠸㸬 ⁻╔ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘ ᅗ㸵 ố⥺ P ༊㛫ࡢ ᾏᓊ⁻╔ࡋࡓ ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢⓎぢ⋡ ⁻╔ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘࡣ㸪ⴭ⪅ࡽࡀ⁻╔㔞ࡢ ᭶ḟㄪᰝࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚ࡁࡓ ᾏᓊࡢྛ P ༊㛫ࡢᘏ ࡢ◁࡛ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ㄪᰝᾏᓊᩘࡀከ࠸⌮⏤ࡣ ␗ ᖖ ⁻ ╔ ࡸ Ἑ ᕝ ࡢ ᙳ 㡪 ࡞ ࢆ ᖹ ᆒ ࡍ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡛ > @㸪ố⥺㊥㞳 P ࡣࡑࡢᾏᓊ୍ᖏࡢ⁻╔㔞ࢆ
102 㫽 ྲྀ Ꮫ Ꮫ 㝔 ᕤ Ꮫ ◊ ✲ ⛉㸭ᕤ Ꮫ 㒊 ◊ ✲ ሗ ࿌ ➨ ྕ ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᭱ᑡࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛>@㸪ࡲࡓ⁻╔ࡈࡳࡢ ố⥺᪉ྥࡢ⛣㏦ࡼࡿㄪᰝ⠊ᅖࡽࡢ㐓⬺ࡢᙳ 㡪ࢆᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬ྛᾏᓊࡢྛ᭶⁻ ╔ࡋࡓࣛࢱ࣮㸪ᾏᓊྡ⁻╔᭶ࢆ♧ࡍ༳ࢆ ࡅ㸪ேⅭⓗ࡞ࢀࢆ㑊ࡅࡿࡓࡵ㸪⁻╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ ᆅⅬ࡛㸪◁㠃ࡽ ⛬ᗘᇙࡵ࡚タ⨨ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ ⩣᭶◁ୖ㟢ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ༳ࣛࢱ࣮ࢆㄪ㸪 ࡑࢀࡽࢆᗘ㸪◁㠃ࡼࡾ ⛬ᇙࡵ㎸ࡳ㸪ྠ ᪂ࡋࡃ⁻╔ࡋࡓࣛࢱ࣮ᾏᓊྡ᪂ࡋ࠸᭶ࡢグ ྕࢆࡅ࡚ᇙࡵ㎸ࢇࡔ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞༳ࡅࢆ㐃⥆ ࡋ࡚ ࣨ᭶⥆ࡅ㸪༳ࡅࡢ⤊ᚋࡶ᭶ࡈࡢㄪᰝ ࢆ⥆ࡅࡓ㸬 ༳ࡅࡋࡓࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ⥲ᩘࡣ ಶ㸪ྛ᭶ࡢ༳ ࡢᩘࡣ ಶࡽ ಶࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗ㸵 ྛ᭶ࡢⓎぢᩘࡢྜࢆᢡࢀ⥺ࢢࣛࣇ࡛♧ࡋࡓ㸬 タ⨨ᚋࡢᮇ㛫ࡀ㛗ࡃ࡞ࡿ㸪Ⓨぢ⋡ࡀపୗࡍࡿࡀ㸪 ࡋࡋㄪᰝ᭶ࡼࡿኚືࡀࡁࡃ㸪㸵᭶㸶᭶ࡢ Ⓨぢ⋡ࡣప࠸ࡀ㸪㏫ ᭶ࡣቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬ࡍ࡞ ࢃࡕ㸪 ᭶ ᭶ࡢᑡ࡞࠸ฟ⌧ᩘࡣᾏࡢὶฟ࡛ ࡣ࡞ࡃ◁୰ᇙἐࡀཎᅉ࡛㸪 ᭶ࡢⓎぢ⋡ࡢቑຍࡣ ᇙἐࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ㟢ฟࡀཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ᭶ࡽ ᭶ ࡢኚࡣ㸪㸿ᾏᓊࢆ㝖ࡃ㸵ᾏᓊ࡛ྠࡌࡼ࠺㉳ࡇ ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࡢኚືࡣ㞳ࢀࡓᾏᓊࡶྠ ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿẼ㇟ࡀཎᅉุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛Ẽ ㇟ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᖺᖹᆒࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪タ⨨ᚋࡢ⤒㐣᭶ ᩘ࡛Ⓨぢᩘࢆ㞟ィࡋ㸪ᅗ㸶ᕥ࡛♧ࡋࡓ㸬 ࣨ᭶ᚋ ࡢⓎぢᩘࡣ ಶⴭࡋࡃᑡ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪 ࣨ᭶ᚋࡣ ಶ࡛㸪ࡑࡢᚋࡶࡺࡗࡃࡾῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㸬ࡋ ࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪 ࣨ᭶ᚋࡢⴭࡋࡃᑡ࡞࠸Ⓨぢ⋡ࡣ◁୰ ᇙἐࡀᅉ࡛㸪ᾏࡢὶฟᩘࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡇࡀศ ࡿ㸬 G)GW N) 㸦㸰㸧 ,Q) NW,Q) 㸦㸱㸧 ᅗ㸶 ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ⁻╔ᚋࡢ᭶ࡈࡢⓎぢᩘ ᾏὶฟࡍࡿ㏿ᗘᐃᩘ N ࣛࢱ࣮ࡀ㛫㸦W㸧㸯ḟ࡛ᾏὶฟࡋ࡚ῶ ᑡࡍࡿ௬ᐃࡍࡿ㸪ῶᑡ㏿ᗘࡣᘧ㸰࡛⾲ࡏࡿ ࡇࡇ࡛ ) ࡣⓎぢᩘ㸪㹩ࡣὶฟࡍࡿ㏿ᗘᐃᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡇࡢᘧࢆ✚ศࡍࡿᘧ㸱࡞ࡿ㸬ษ∦ࡢ )ࡣ༳ ࡅ⥲ᩘᑐࡍࡿ௬ࡢ◁ୖࡢ⾲ฟᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ⓨぢ ᩘࡢᑐᩘࢆᮇ㛫ᑐࡋ࡚ࣉࣟࢵࢺࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࡀᅗ㸶 ྑ࡛㸪タ⨨ᚋ ࣨ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡣࡰ┤⥺ⓗῶᑡࡋ㸪 ,Q) W ࡛㏆ఝ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ᾏ ὶฟࡍࡿࡇ࡛ῶᑡࡍࡿ㏿ᗘᐃᩘࡣ0 ࡛㸪 ᖺᖹᆒࡢ༙ῶᮇࡣ ,QN ࡼࡾ㸪⣙ ࣨ᭶ィ⟬ ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬タ⨨ᚋ ࣨ᭶௨ୖࡢ㛗ᮇ࡞ࡿὶฟࡣ ῶᑡࡍࡿ㸬 ㏆ఝ┤⥺ࡢỴᐃಀᩘࡣ༑ศ㧗࠸ࡀ㸪 ࣨ᭶ᚋ ࡢⓎぢᩘࡢῶᑡࡀ㏆ఝ┤⥺ẚ࡚ࡁࡃ㸪㏫ ࣨ᭶௨㝆ࡢῶᑡࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ぢ࠼ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢཎ ᅉࡣ๓グࡢࡼ࠺㸪ố⥺㏆࠸⨨⁻╔ࡋࡓࣛ ࢱ࣮ࡢὶฟࡀ㏿ࡃ㸪Ἴࡢ㐳ୖ㢖ᗘࡢప࠸◁ୖ 㒊ࡽࡢὶฟࡀ㐜ࡃ㸪ᾏୖ㒊࡛ࣛࢱ࣮ࡀṧ␃ ᩘࡀቑ࠼ࡓࡓࡵ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᅗ㸶ྑࡢษ∦ࡢ ) ࡣ ಶ࡛㸪ᖺᖹᆒࡢ◁୰ᇙἐ⋡ࡀ ィ⟬࡛ ࡁࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ㸪῝ࡃᇙࡵࡿ㣕◁࡛㟢ฟࡍࡿྜ ࡀῶࡿᛮࢃࢀ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ⁻╔ࣛࢱ࣮ࡢᇙἐ⋡ࡣ 㸣ࡼࡾప࠸ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ๓グࡢࡼ࠺Ἴ ࡀ㐳ୖࡍࡿᇙࡵࡓࣛࢱ࣮ࡢࡍ࡚ࡀ⛣ືࡍࡿ ࡓࡵ㸪ᇙࡵࡓࡇࡼࡿὶฟ㏿ᗘࡢᙳ㡪ࡣᑠࡉ ࠸⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ᥎ ࡣᚋグࡍࡿࡼ࠺㸪Ἴ ࡢ㐳ୖࡔࡅࡼࡗ࡚ὶฟࡍࡿᰤ㣴ࢻࣜࣥࢡ⎼ࡢ༙ ῶᮇࡀࣛࢱ࣮ࡢ್㏆࠸ࡇࡽᨭᣢࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ᾏࡈࡳࡣố⥺᪉ྥࡶ⛣㏦ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ ᾏᓊࡢㄪᰝᆅࡢ୧ഃྛ P ࡢ⠊ᅖࡢㄪᰝࢆ ᖺ ᭶⾜ࡗࡓ㸬 ᭶ࡲ࡛༳ࢆࡅࡓࣛࢱ࣮ ࡢྜィᩘࡣ ಶ࡛㸪ᮾഃࡢᘏ ࡛ࡢⓎぢ ᩘࡣ ಶ㸪すഃࡢ ࡛ࡣ ಶ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡍ࡞ ࢃࡕ㸪ㄪᰝᆅࡢ୧ഃ ࡛ᇙࡵࡎᨺ⨨ࡋ࡚࠸ ࡓࣛࢱ࣮ࡢྜィⓎぢᩘࡀ ಶ㸪᪉࡛ㄪᰝᆅࡢ ᘏ ༊㛫࡛ ᭶ࡍ࡚ࢆᇙࡵ࡚ ᭶⾲ฟ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓᩘࡀ ಶ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪ㄪᰝ༊㛫 ࡀ P 㛗࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ㄪᰝ༊㛫እࡢ୧ഃࡢ㐓⬺ࡀ ᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡑࢀࡼࡿᾏࡢὶฟ㏿ᗘᐃᩘࡢᙳ㡪 ࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡇࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 ㄪᰝᆅࡢ㸿ࡽ㹆ᾏᓊࡲ࡛ࡢ┤⥺㊥㞳ࡣ⣙ ࡛㸪ㄪᰝᆅࡢᘏố⥺㊥㞳ࡣࡑࡢ 㸣࠶ࡓࡿ㸬 ࡋࡋ㸪ㄪᰝࡢ⤊⤖ࡲ࡛㸪༳ࡅᾏᓊ␗࡞ࡿ ᾏᓊࡢㄪᰝ༊㛫࡛ぢࡘࡅࡽࢀࡓࣛࢱ࣮ࡢྜィᩘ ࡣࢃࡎ ಶ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬⁻╔ࡋࡓࣛࢱ࣮ࡢᇙ ἐ⋡ࡶ 㸣௬ᐃࡍࡿ㸪᥎ᐃࡢ⁻╔ᩘࡣ ಶ࡞ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ᾏࡢὶฟ᥎ᐃᩘࡣ ಶ࡛㸪 ࡑࢀࡽࡀ༢⣧ ࡢố⥺㊥㞳ࡢ␗࡞ࡿㄪᰝᾏᓊ 岡野多門・森田 晃：漂着ごみ量の測定に必要な海浜ごみの砂浜からの流出による消失半減期
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