Btl】1.Fac.Fishり Mie Univ.
No.10:25…32 0ctol〕erl,1983
Studies on Marine Bacteria Producing Lytic Enzymes−V川 Release of Lytic Enzyme from BacterialC釧s
Isao SuGAHA!ミA,Koichiro HAYASHI,Toshio KIMUlモA
and ChikaraJ‡NNO
Faculty of f「isheries,Mie Univel・Sit〉′
The release oflytic enzyme was studiedl)y WaShing and suspending the cells in solutions coll仁aininglnOrgaれic salts or orgallic anio11S・
rr‡1eユ・atio oflytic enzy王11el・elease(!illtO Ctlltul■e‖uids仁O tlle tOtallytic enzyI11e I)1・OdしICed dul・i11g tlle gl・OWtIlOf stl■ain V 37lla(1a ten〔lency toincllea$e Wit‡1 progression of抽e cttlture age・
Inorganic sal拍and ol−ganic anionsしISedin this sとu(l〉′ eXhibited no s唱nificant effect on t】1e release oflytic enzyI】1e frolⅥStltain V37cells.
Mol・e tllan70% of tllelytic enzynlelibel・ate(lseeme(lとOl)einstzlntaneOuSly
†・elease(1fl−Om Strain V 37 ce11s.
Key word8:ly仁;c enzさ′me,Illarine bacteria,enZ〉,nle release
111a PreVious paper(SuGAモー王ARAβgβg.1981),t王1e effect oriIlOl・ganic salts oIlt】le
release oflytic enzyme wasinvestigated usll嗜bど.Cteriaicells of strain V37grownfor
60r8hoursin polypeptone・yeaSt eXtraCt me(lium cont2ining NaCl(0.5M).Inorganic Saits(0.5M)used werellOt efYreCtive for tlleiibel・atiollOflytic e】1Zyille.
The pl・eSent PaPer deals with the effect cf differe11t COnCentrations orinorganic
s2.1ts alld or卵11ic aIlio11S On tilelil)el●atio】10flytic e11Zyllle fI▲0ⅠⅥStrai11V37ce王is■
ⅡIetl10ds
Assay oflyt、ic activityLytic activity was determined as〔1escribedI)rCViousiy(SuGAHARA eiai.1976,1978.
1979.1980,】98i,1982).
Cultllre Of stmin V37producinglytic en2:yme
Culturc oE strain V 37 capable ol producing lytic cnzyme was carried out as
descril〕ed prev主otlSly(SuGAHARAどf dg.i耶8,1980,198l,1982).Release oflytic enzyme from strain V37cells
Lytic enzyme released fl・Om Strain V37ceils was assayed as described previously
(SuGA王1ARAどょ(‡g.1981).
26
Isao SuGAllノIRA,Ⅰくoichiro HAYASHL Tos王1io KⅢ1tylもA and ChikaraJ川NOLytic activity associated with strilin V37ce11s
Strain V37cells,harvested by centriEugation,Were SuSPendedin O.05M Tris・HCl buffer(pH7.0),andsonicaま1y treated for4minutesatOOCwithasonicator(Ultrasonics W一揮う75). After removing the cell(1ebris by centrifugation,lytic activity of the Supernatant WaS deter111ined■
Totallytic activity
Totallytic activity was determined by addinglytic activity associatcd with the Cells tolytic activity of the culture supernatant perlmlof cuiture fluidsL
Results
ExtrilCellular production oflytic e】lZyme by strain V37
Fig.1shows the ratio oflytic activity releasedinto culture fluids to the totallytic
activity producedby strain V37duringthe growthin polypeptone・yeaStCXtraCtmediし1111 containing NaCl(0.うM).The ratio was found toincrease with progressionin tllC㌘ヂポ。
。
●′●●●
● ■■_
lU空巾u﹂むdコS巴コl一⊃0−○ 合字票蒜0事ヱ 8 6 4 0 0 0
● ●_●● r♪.
●
●
︒ ︒︒ ○が
︒q
●
2 000 0 1
言霊d∈心dコの巴コlち0竃ゝだA芯0心じ芯ゝ﹂
 ̄ ̄ ̄ー−
′′
ふ夢;喝。 ■
−=‥‥・・P。…‥‥ ア
∩︶ 0 0 0
8凸P42
︵貪>軍じ再0芯よ一票○0辞︶ ● ●■ ︒㌔⁝ン○ ●∴ /′用㌔㌣ ㌧= qり㌧0.5 1.0 1.5
Growth(OD570)of$trainV37cel]s
Fig.1.Extracellular pl・OdtlCtion oflytic enzyme during the growth of strain V37,
Studies on Marine】うac仁eria ProdもよCing Lytic E11ZylneS−ⅤⅠⅠⅠ
27
growtilpllaSe Of stl・ai11V37,and to reac王1a】ⅥaXiilltlTllValtle at tllellliddle of tlle
exponentialgrowth phase・This factindicates thatlyticenzyme producedin the cells
WaSliberated with tllelapse of cuitivatioIltillle.Time eollrSe Of release ofly電ie eれZyme
In the pl・eVious paper(SuGA!1ARA et al.1981),it was fotlnd that strain V 37ccils
grown for60r8hoLlrS maXimailyliberatedlytic enzymeinto ce11suspension withinl10ur at300C.
As shownin Fig・2,1ytic enzyme released from the cells grown fcr60r8.5hoLlrS exllibited a nlaXilllumlevelat20欄30 miIluteS illCul)atio11. Tllerefore,for tlle release
experimentin this study,incubation was carried out at 30 0C for 30 minutes with
SIla‡くing,tlnless otllerWise noted.
However,itis noticeable that the amount oflytic enzyme releascd at O mintlte
WaS al)Out70−80%of theiⅥaXi‡malenzylⅥelibel■ation.
Effeet ofinorganie salts eoIleentratioれ0れt‡1e rel紺Se Oflytie enzyme
ⅣaCl:As show11in Fig.3,】10additio】1alefFect of NaCt(0.ト0.7M)was ol)SerVed On the release oflytic enzyme from strain V37 cells grownin polypeptone・yeaSt extract medium containing NaCl(0.うM)for6,8.5and23hours.respectively.
Sodium chloride was not oniy effective for the release of materialsabsorbingat280
Ce‖s grown for8.5hr
Growth OD5700.817
念茎10d
∝
Ce‖s grownfor6hr 主 G「owthOD5700・2950.8
010 2030405060 010 2030405060
Reaction time(min)
Fig.2.Tinle COし1rSe Of release oflytic e11ZyIⅥe fI・0ⅠⅥ紬・ain V37celisgrow11 in polype郎One・yeaSt eX亡ract meditlm COntaining NaCl(0.うM).
CS:1さ′tic activity of cul仁しIre SupeI・natant,
ⅥJ:1ytic activitylil)el・ate(lfroIⅥCeils(1ul・ing wasきIh針
Ⅰモ:1ytic activityl◆elease(lrrom cells duringl11Cubation.
28
王sao SuoJ川上ほA,Koichiro HJIYASl〈11JToshioIく川URA aIld Clli重くaraJINNOCells grown for 23 hr GrowthOD570
1.296
8 6 4 2 ︵U O O O 舎写票蒜0苧ご
0 0.10.20.30.40.50.60.7 0
1.01.5 2.0nO 6
0 0 忠言票蒜0事ヱ 4 2 0 0
NaCT concentration(M)
Fig,3、Effect of NaCIcoり.Centration on tllel・elease ofけticeIIZyIllefl・Ol11S仁l・ain Vう7 Cells growninI)0け】)e王)tOne義yeaSt eXtraCt111e(liu!ⅥCOntai11ing NaCl(0.5M).
11111froITltlle Cells grow!1for6a】1d8.5壬10urS,reS蔓つeCtiveiy,l)も1t eXllibited ani1111ibitoI・y
e汀ect on tllat fronlt王Ie Cells growrlfor23110tlrS.1、Ile alⅥOunt Of28011111al〕SOrbi‡1g−
materials released行om strain V37cells grown fol・8.うhours was more abundant than tllat gl・OWIlfor601・23王10urS.TIlis facti‡1dicates tllat tllelevelof eIIZylTleまiberation WaS110t always proportionalto tlle arnOunt Cf materials absorbing at280nm・
LiCl,CaCl2,Ⅹ2SO4,迂3BO3:As shownin Fig.4,theliberation oflytic enzyme
froIⅥStrain V37cells growllfol・6・【6.5‡10tll・S WaS n()t Sti111ulated by t王1e additiorlOfLiCl(0.11).7M),CaCl望(0.ト0.7 M),K2SO′l(0.ト0.う M)and H浦0…l(0.l¶0.5 M),
respectively.
MgCl2,MgSO4,KCl,N乱H2PO4:It ca11l)e Seellin Fig.5tllat MgC12 0r KCI
Stil11ulated tlle relea.se oflytic ellZyme行or11Strain V37cells growllfor6.501・7110urS.
Studies o!1M鋸・ine Bac拍ria Pl・0(lしICingl.ytic EnzynleS−ⅤⅠⅠⅠ
29CeLIs grown for6hr GrowthOD5700・363
4 0 0
念零票蒜0亭う
∝ 茅 の
U50∞N山 0 0
1J
2 0
0 0.10.20,8 0A O.5
K2SO4
concentration(M)
Ce s grown for6.5hr
Growth OD,,, 0.319
0 0.10.2 0.30.4 0.5
H3B03
COnCentration(M)Ce‖s grown for6hr Growth ODs70 0.306
4 2 0 0
舎三石吋0芯ゝJ 50のN山 0
0 0.10.20.3 0.4 0.50.6 0.7 LiCIconcentration(M)
0 0.10.20.30A O.5 0.80.ア
CaC12CQnCentration(M)Fig・4・Effec亡Ofinorga王−ic salをS(ⅠノiCl,CaCl2,1く2SO−l,H藁BO3)on tlle王・eleaseoflyticenzyme fl◆0111StrainV37cellsgrownini)01yI)eま)拍ne・yeaSteXtraCいme(1iLl111COntai】1ingNaCl(0.うM).
Cells grown for7hr Growth OD5700.339
Ce】ls g「own fo「6hr
G「owthOD5700・308
4 2 00
合写票蒜0芋ご
0.5
(⊃
く0
くV
l山
0 0.10.2 0.30.4 0
NaH2POヰ KCJconcentration(M)
COnCentration(M)
Cells grown for 8 hr G「ow†hOD5700・266 0.4
倉烹ち警曇う
0.2
MgC12COnCentration(M)MgSO,lCOnCentration(M)
アig・5・E〃ect ofi・10柑Zlnic salts(MgCl慧,MgSO−hKCl〜NaH3POJ箋)on the releaseoflytic el−Zyme
fromstraillV37cellsgrowninl)OlyI)ePとOne・さ′eaSteXtl・actnlediuIllCOntai11ingNaCl(0.うM),
30
Isao SuGAHARA,重くoichiro HAYÅS‡ツー‡,Toshio K‡〉lURA and CIlikaraJiNNOSiight stimulative effect o[NaH2PO.10r MgSO..was aiso observed on the =beration of
けtic e】1ZyiⅥe fro】n t】1e Cells grow11for60r8110tlrS・Remarlくableiiberation of materials absorbing at 280 nm was ol〕SerVed by the a(1dition of KClor NaH2PO.l.
Effett of orgaIlic乱れioれS On the release oflytie enヱyme
AssllOWllillFig・6,Wllen tlle Cells were suspendedin every organic acid solution usedin this studv at the concentrations of O.Ol,0.05 and O.10 M,reSPeCtively,the
leveloflytic enzyme released from thc cells was not exceeding,aS CCmPared withcontroIwithout added organic acid.This means that organic acid was not effective for tlle release orlytic ellZyllle.
Tlleliberation ofIllaterials al)SOrl〕i】1g at280nm was fotlnd toillCreaSe CO11Sideral)1y
by the addition of organic acid,SuCh as fumarate and maleate・
Ce=sgrown for6hr GrowthOD5TOO.469
0 00 念写票蒜0筈ヱ 4 2
0・010・050・100・010・OSO・10(M)
Acetate Pyruvate Ce[ls grown for5hr Growth OD5700.301
GeIl$grOWnfor5hr GrowthOD5700・288
4 2 0 0 0
舎芝−0再ぷ︸h﹂ 屈相関捌10 ゝ≡;0■0王 ∝ き の0
0・010・050・100、010・050・10(M)
Malate Fumarate Cells grown for 5 hr GrowthOD57001334
0・010・050・100‥?1?・050・10山)
Maleate Ma】onate
Cel]s grown for5hr GrowthOD5ア00・283
>
︸仙>仙−0内0.5
く)
の
N Lリ
0
0.2
0(扁
1ytic enzynleか甘m StraiIlV37cells
contain毒ng NaCl(0.うM)・
0・010・050・100・010・050・10(M)O
Citrate Succinate
Fig.6,Effect of organic anions on旺e release of
gl・OWnin polypel)tOne・yeaSt eXtraCヒmediu!Ⅵ
Stu(王ies onかねrine8actel・iaproducing Lytic EnzyIlleS−Ⅴ王‡Ⅰ 31
Time・iれdependentliberation oflytic enzyme
Ass!−OWni−−Fig・2,aboもIt70−80%of111aXilⅥaleIIZyInel主beratio王1WaSSPOntaneOuSly reieased Erom strain V 37cells grown for6and 8 hotlrS,l・eSPeCtively.CoLES and
GROSS(1967b)王一ePOrted t】1at‡)art Of surface located pe11icillinase o上敷坤わ血路m〟鵡川‰
WaSliberatedinstantaneously byinorganic al−ions,SuCh as phosphate and arsenate.
CoLES aIld GlモOSS(1967a)aiso〔lemonstrated that citrate was more effective than
dicarl)0Ⅹylicor monocarboxylicacidsfor the time・indcpendentliberationofpeniciilinase
rI■Otl15■/ 小/いん川【1〟=川′・川∫.
Therefore,anattemPtWaSmadetodemorlStrateWhethertime−independentliberation Oflytic enzyme from the ceils grown for23−24hours can be observed using O.4M
NaH2PO′蔓a−−d O・1M sodiし11−1Citl・ate SOlutions・As sllOWlliIIFig.7,a壬〕Out8うー柑0%of
念モ蔓ち僧nまゎ﹂
Cells grown for23hr Grow川OD5TOl.203 0,8
空軍ギ芯蒜 4 0 2 0
0ゝ﹂
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 60
Reaction time(min)0・2MN甜2PO4用・1MSodium¢itrate c釧sgrownfor28・5hr
Cells9rOWn for23hr
GrowthOD5701・12ア
1.0
6
W 4
卜 2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 60 010 20 30 40 50 60 0 60
Reaction time(min) Reaction time(min)
O14M NaH2PO4 011M Sodium citrate
Fig−7・7、ime・in(1ependentliberationoFlytice11ZymefromstrainV37cells grownin
】)01yI)ePね11e・yeaSt eXtraCt mediuln COntaining NaCl(0.うM).
う2 Isao Suc;A王IARA,Koichiro HAYA引一!Ⅰ,Toshi()K川リーミA an(lChikar;lJ‡NポO
maximalenzymeliberation wasimmediatelyl・eleasedfrom strain V37cells grown ror 23−24hours,When the ceiis were washed andincul)ated with O.4M NaH慧PO⊥)and O:l
M sodium citrate soiutions.Spontaneousliberation oflytic enzyme from the eells
grown for2うhours also s壬−OWed pIi虚pe11dence・
Discussion
MALVEAUX and SAN CLEMENTE(1967)reportcd that the amount oflccsely・l)Cund acid pilOSp壬1ataSe eltlted fromぷ哩如血抑制用灯蝕 de王:ended on p‡ia11dionic strengtll・
Accordingto them,elution of thc enzyme was maximally efrected withi.OM KCl(pH 7.5)fro汀Ilog・Phasc cclls,but stationary−Phasc cells required twice the concentration of KCl.′r王1eyi11Ferre〔1t王1aもpart of tlle aCid pi−OSP王1ataSe O仁駄ゆ触玩w蝕=紬 g ∫is
associated witllt王1e Cells tllrOtlgllelectrostaticintel◆aCtiollS・
Howevel・,PoLLOCK(1961)s咽geSte(lt王1at‡〕e】1icillinase of月∠ヱ〔・〆/g〜′∫ぶ‡∠ゐ′∫′∫∫WaSI10t
eluted from the cells by the treatment ofinorganic salt at conccntrations up to O.2M・In thisstudy,the amount oflyticenzyll二e released from strain V37cellsscarcely
illCreaSed by tlleadditionofi】10柑anicsaltsat tlle COユーCentratiol−S Of O・ト0・7M(Figs▲
3wう).
O11thc other hand,CoLl;S and GROSS(1967a)suggested thatlGW COnCeI血●ations
(0.01,0.05M)of organic acidswere effective fo王・t圭一eliberatio110f penicil血ase≡from 助坤わ血抑肌ば飢昭購.However,Or卵nicacids did】−Ot eXl−il)it a stil−Ⅷ1ative effect on
tlle releaseoflytic enzyme fm11ュStrain V37ce11s(Fig・6)・More tha−170%of tlle lit)eratedlyticenzy汀把WaSi11StaIltaneOuSly released frol−−Strain V37(Figs・2a!1d7)・
TllelⅥeC王IanislⅥOf rele∂、Se Oflytic e11ZylⅥe frolⅥStraillVう7cellsisIlOt yet Clear・
Further studies on the release oflytic enzyme are necessary・
References
col.ⅠミS,N.W.and R.GIもOSS,1967a,Liberation of sul・face・locatedi)enicillinase fl・m一別画布血 肌肋
〟〜げだヱ(g.β血如〉軋ん102:742一ラ4?こ
…川酬M血・▼′・‖−
and m∩州WM
,1967b.Influenceof or酢1nic anions on thelibel■ation of penic‖linaserl・(川l∫/(伊/りイり川 ・−〃、=川′←〝,ヾ,J/m/‥102:7・1S−75コ・
MALVEAUX,F.J,andじL.SAN Ci諸掛齢甘軋1鋸7.ElutiollOfloosely botll−d aci(lI)hosI)hatase froIll
封郎勃血川肌肌=削怖鯨.ノ抽扉」蛾〝浦ねL 5:738…743・
poLLOC!く,M.Rり1961.The nleChanisnlOfliberation ofI)enicilまillaSe fro王11蝕㍑摘触ゞ錮鳳拓領㌧ ノ∴郎W
〟′ど′・〃わ∫0/り26:267−276.
StJGノ川AIlん王りK.王i。IYASH㌔T,K一池U軋右M.MJlでSUOlくA and K.FuJ汀A,1976.Studies on nlal●ine
bacteria pl・0(ltlCingiytic enzylneS−Ⅰ.Lytic activity of culture川tl■離息 This】弛ilり3:卜16・
川刷岬…血一W酬両州酬鵬−