れに用いたのは生活保護以外で当時政府が算出した消費支出額の中では低水準の数値であっ たこと（なぜ、③を用いたかの説明はない。）、①の最低生活費の理論的研究を検討した節も ないこと、特に後者の点については、社会保険制度調査会の後身機関である社会保障制度審 議会においても同様の傾向があったことを小山進次郎や籠山京が生活保護の最低基準に関し て指摘している［21］。 なぜ「社会保障制度要綱」の作成において、生存権保障に基づくとする社会保障の均一給 付額の基礎となる、最低生活費の理論的検討に関心が払われなかったのか。 推測の域を出ないが、制度体系の検討を優先したため時間と手間が掛かる理論的検討にま で及ばなかったのではないか、また上記のように、占領下でGHQの最低賃金制度創設中止 指令が出たためか、制度面では社会保障の最低保障給付を最低賃金額との関連から検討する 必要が無くなったからではないか等が考えられる。しかし、特に後者の点は、たとえ制度面 での検討の必要性はなくなったとしても、最低生活保障研究の面、特に後述のように失業保 険給付に関しては不可欠の視点であって、上記籠山の研究が指摘したように戦後日本の最低 算出年月 ①安藤政吉1947.9 ②中央賃金委員会1946.1 ③物価庁1947.9 ④生活扶助基準1948.8.1 5人世帯構成と必要熱量 男世帯主 21 ～ 50歳 2400cal＝1.0 2160cal＝1.0 37歳 2400cal＝1.0 64歳男 1800cal＝1.0
妻 21 ～ 50歳 2000cal＝0.83 1900cal＝0.88 31歳 1534cal＝0.64 35歳女 1600cal＝0.89 第一子 2（？）～ 14歳 2036cal＝0.85 11 ～ 14歳 2000cal＝0.93 11 ～ 15歳 1600cal＝0.67 9歳男 1800cal＝1.0 第二子 8 ～ 10歳 1745cal＝0.73 8 ～ 10歳 1800cal＝0.83 6 ～ 10歳 1254cal＝0.52 5歳女 1490cal＝0.83 第三子 2 ～ 4歳 1317cal＝0.55 2 ～ 4歳 1350cal＝0.62l 3 ～ 5歳 951cal＝0.40 1歳男 850cal＝0.47 5人世帯Cal計 9498cal（100.0％） 9210cal（96.7％） 7739cal（81.5％） 7540cal（79.4%）
Summary
A Study of Unemployment Insurance Benefit in the Establishment Process of 1947 Unemployment Insurance Law in Japan
― From a Viewpoint of Guarantee of Minimum Living Standard ―
Emiko Umino I studied Unemployment Insurance Benefit in the Establishment Process of 1947 Unemployment Insurance Law in Japan from a Viewpoint that Social Insurance Benefit based on Guarantee of Minimum Living Standard is Benefit in proportion to Reward added to Guarantee of Minimum Living Standard, and I maked clear as follows．
1. Labor Union Side argued that Benefit in proportion to Reward with a Family Allowance plus Guarantee of Minimum Living Standard, though 1947 Report 'The Main Points of Social Security System' insisted that Unemployment Insurance Benefit based the Right to Life was flat-rate Benefit based Beveridge Plan．
In the Process of its Discussion, a Plan of Benefit in proportion to Reward added to flat-rate Benefit （its Sum was equivalent to Public Assistance Benefit） was proposed. 2. The Benefit, which was established in 1947 Unemployment Insurance Law, was in proportion to Reward with the highest rate of Beneft for the lowest Reward, but The Benefit for the lowest Reward was below the Standard of Public Assistance Benefit, and without a Family Allowance, therefore without Guarantee of Minimum Living Standard, because there was an Absence of Minimum Wage System, and anti-Unemployment Insurance Group argued that high Benefit boosted people becoming dependent on Unemployment Insurance Benefit.
3. In 1949 Reform of Unemployment Insurance Law, the lowest Reward was below the Standard of Public Assistance Benefit, because Benefit became proportion to Reward only without the highest rate of Beneft for the lowest Reward, and the function of Guarantee of Minimum Living Standard was relegated to the Public Assistance Benefit.
Keywords Benefit in 1947 Unemployment Insurance Law, Guarantee of Minimum Living Standard,
1947 'The Main Points of Social Security System', Benefit in 1949 Reform of Unemployment Insurance Law
