2015 NWEC リーダーセミナーレポート
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(2) ͺͣΌͶ . ͺͣΌͶ ᅜ❧ዪᛶᩍ⫱㤋࡛ࡣࠊᖹᡂ ᖺᗘࡽࢪኴᖹὒᆅᇦࡢዪᛶ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ ᅜ㝿◊ಟࢆᐇࡋ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࠕࢪኴᖹὒᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬᥎㐍ᐁ࣭࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢭ ࣑ࢼ࣮࡛ࠖࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ዪᛶᑐࡍࡿᭀຊࡸࠊዪᏊᩍ⫱ࡢ᥎㐍ࠊ⅏ᐖ⯆ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࠊ,7& ዪᛶࡢ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺ࡞ࠊྛᅜඹ㏻ࡍࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ㄢ㢟ࢆࢸ࣮࣐ࡋ࡚タᐃࡋ࡚ࡁ ࡲࡋࡓࠋᖹᡂ ᖺᗘࡣዪᛶࡢ㉳ᴗ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࢆࢸ࣮࣐ࡋ࡚ࠊ ᭶ ᪥㹼 ᭶ ᪥ࡢ᪥⛬࡛㛤ദࡋࠊࢪኴᖹὒ ࣧᅜ㸦࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪࠊࣥࢻࠊ࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥࠊࣇࣜ ࣆࣥࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒㸧ࡽࠊᅜෆᮏ㒊ᶵᵓࡸ 1*2 ົࡍࡿዪᛶ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ ྡࡀཧຍࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ ዪᛶࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࡣࠊዪᛶࡢ♫ཧ⏬ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶ┙࡛࠶ࡾࠊྛᅜ࡛ᐁ Ẹࢆ㏻ࡌࡓከᵝ࡞ྲྀ⤌ࡀᐇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢᑠᏊࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࢆྵࡵࡓ ࢝ᅜࡢዪᛶࡢ ⤒῭ⓗ⮬❧ࢆᨭࡍࡿᨻ⟇ࡸ࣋ࢫࢺ࣭ࣉࣛࢡࢸࢫࡘ࠸࡚ศᯒࡋࡓ࣏࣮ࣞࢺ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮㸦ᕳ ᮎࡢ࣮࣮࢝ࣛ࣌ࢪ㸧ࡀ㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋᮏ᭩ࡀ⤒῭ศ㔝࡛ࡢዪᛶࡢཧ⏬ࡢ㔜せᛶࡘ࠸࡚ ⪃࠼ࡿ୍ຓ࡞ࢀࡤᖾ࠸࡛ࡍࠋ ⊂❧⾜ᨻἲேᅜ❧ዪᛶᩍ⫱㤋⌮㛗 ෆᾏ ᡣᏊ . .
(3) Foreword. Foreword The National Women’s Education Center of Japan has held international seminars for women leaders in the Asia Pacific region since 2006. The Seminar for Gender Equality Officers and Women Leaders in the Asia Pacific Region has adopted gender themes common to all countries, such as violence against women, the promotion of women’s education, genderresponsive disaster restroration , and ITC and women’s empowerment.. In 2015, the Seminar was held from September 28 to October 2 with the theme of women’s entrepreneurship and economic empowerment. Representing five countries in the Asia Pacific region, consisting of Cambodia, India, Myanmar, the Philippines and Vietnam, ten women leaders working for government agencies and NGOs in their respective countries attended the Seminar.. The economic empowerment of women is the foundation for promoting women’s participation in society. A variety of programs have been implemented in both the public and private sectors in many countries. This booklet contains a report that analyzes policies in support of women’s economic independence and best practices in the five countries in addition to Japan, as well as a posters (printed in color at the end of the booklet). It is our hope that this publication will aid readers as they examine the importance of women’s participation in the economic field.. Fusako Utsumi, President National Women’s Education Center of Japan.
(4) ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬ ዪᛶࡢ㉳ᴗᨭ➼㛵ࡍࡿ⟇ Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industryࠉ Lecture on Policies to Support Women Entrepreneurs.
(5) ┠ ḟ Table of Contents. ࡣࡌࡵ. Foreword. ෆᾏ ᡣᏊ. Fusako Utsumi. ᅜ❧ዪᛶᩍ⫱㤋 ⌮㛗. President, National Women's Education Center (NWEC). ᅜูሗ࿌ Country Report ᪥ᮏ. Japan. 1. ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ. Cambodia. 5. ࢳ࢙࣭ࣥࢳࢿࢫ ࣦ࣭ࣥࢳࣕࣥࢼ. ࣥࢻ. CHENG Chinneth VAN Channa. India. ࣅࣥࢻ࣭ࢩ࣮࣐ࣕ. Bindu SHARMA. ࣐ࢻ࣮࣭ࢣ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣥ. Madhu KHETAN. ࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥ ࢣࢣࢵࢺ࣭ࢩ࢙ࣥ ࢘ࢽ࣮࣭࢟ࢿ. ࣇࣜࣆࣥ ࢪࣙࢭࣇ࣭࣮࣮࣭ࣥ࢝ࣜࣥࣔࢮࢫ-ࢧࢫ࣐ࣥ ࣐࣭ࣜࢸࣞࢧ࣭P࣭࣐ࢸࣂࢢ. ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ ࣭࣍ࣥࢸ࣭ࢺ࣭ࣇ࢚ࣗࣥ ࣁ࣮࣭ࢺ࣭ࣛࣥࢸ࣭ࢺ. Myanmar. 9. 13. Khet Khet Shein Win Ei Khine. Philippines. 17. Josephine Khaleen Moises SASUMAN Maria Teresa P. MATIBAG. Viet Nam HOANG Thi Thu Huyen TRAN Thi Thu Ha. ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮ Poster ዪᛶࡢ㉳ᴗ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺ㛵ࡍࡿྲྀ⤌ࡳ Posters on Women's Entrepreneurship and Economic Empowerment in Five Asian Countries. ᇳ➹⪅ࣉࣟࣇ࣮ࣝ Contributors’ Profile. 21.
(6) 国別報告 Country Report.
(7) ೖຌ. . -DSDQ ᅜูᴫせ ᪥ᮏ 㤳㒔 ᮾி ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ࣭ࣝࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࣭ࢠࣕࢵࣉᣦᩘ 2015 101 /145 ே㛫㛤Ⓨᣦᩘ 2013 17 /187 ປാຊ⋡ ዪᛶ 65 ⏨ᛶ 85 ᥎ᐃປᡤᚓ㸦⏨ᛶ=100㸧 61. ᅗ⾲㸯. ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ᨻ⟇ ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ 1975 ᖺ⥲⌮ᗓ፬ேၥ㢟ᢸᙜᐊ 㸦ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭࣐ࣝࢩ࣮ࢼ࣮ࣜࡢ๓㌟㸧ࡀタ⨨ࡉ ࢀࠊ1985 ᖺࠕ⏨ዪ㞠⏝ᶵᆒ➼ἲࠖࡀࠊ99 ᖺ ࡣࠕ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬♫ᇶᮏἲࠖࡀไᐃࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡲࡍࠋ2015 ᖺࡣዪᛶࡀ⫋ᴗ⏕ά࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ࡑࡢᕼᮃᛂࡌ࡚༑ศ⬟ຊࢆⓎࡋࠊά㌍࡛ ࡁࡿ⎔ቃࢆᩚഛࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࠕዪᛶࡢ⫋ᴗ⏕ά ࠾ࡅࡿά㌍ࡢ᥎㐍㛵ࡍࡿἲᚊ㸦ዪᛶά㌍᥎㐍 ἲ㸧 ࠖࡀไᐃࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾࠊ ᖺ 㸲᭶㸯᪥ࡽࠊ ປാ⪅ ே௨ୖࡢᴗࡣࠊ ዪᛶࡢά㌍᥎㐍ྥࡅࡓ⾜ືィ⏬ࡢ⟇ᐃ࡞ ࡀ᪂ࡓ⩏ົ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋ . ୍᪉ࠊዪᛶࡢ₯ᅾⓗປാຊ⋡ࡣ㧗ࡃࠊዪᛶࡀ ࡑࡢ⬟ຊࢆศⓎ࡛ࡁࡿ⎔ቃᩚഛࡀồࡵ ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣࡢୗࠊാࡁ᪉ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢࡦ ࡘࡋ࡚㉳ᴗࢆ⪃࠼ࡿዪᛶࡶ࠸ࡲࡍࠋዪᛶࡀ㉳ ᴗࢆᕼᮃࡍࡿ࡞⌮⏤ࡣࠊ⮬ศࡢ㔞࡛ാࡁࡓ ࠸ࠊᢏ⾡࣭㈨᱁࣭▱㆑ࡢά⏝࡛ࡍࠋ㈈ᅋἲேዪ ᛶປാ༠ࡀᐇࡋࡓࠕ㉳ᴗࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮ࠖࡢཷㅮ ⪅ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓㄪᰝࡼࢀࡤࠊ᪤㉳ᴗࡋࡓே ࡢ 77.1㸣ࡀࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᑵᴗ⤒㦂ࢆᣢࡘศ㔝. ࠾࠸࡚㉳ᴗࢆࡋࡓᅇ⟅ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋዪᛶࡀ㉳ ዪᛶࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࡢㄢ㢟 ᴗࡣࠕ▱㆑࣭ࣀ࢘ࣁ࢘ࡢ㊊ࠖࠊ ࠕ⮬ᕫ㈨㔠 ዪᛶࡀ⤒῭ⓗ⮬❧ࢆ┠ᣦࡍሙྜࠊฟ⏘ࡸ⫱ඣࠊ ㊊ࠖ࡞ࡀㄢ㢟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡾࡲ ㆤ࠸ࡗࡓࣛࣇࢧࢡࣝࡢኚࡀ㉳ࡁࡓ ࡍࠋ ࡁࡣാࡁ⥆ࡅࡿࡇࡀࡴࡎࡋ࠸࠸࠺ ᅗ⾲㸰 ㉳ᴗࢆᕼᮃࡍࡿ⌮⏤ ⌧ᐇࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋዪᛶࡢᖺ㱋ูᑵᴗ⋡ࡣ࠸ࢃࡺ ࡿࠕM Ꮠ࣮࢝ࣈࠖࢆᥥ࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⤖፧࣭ฟ⏘ᖺ 㱋ࡉࡋࡿࠊᑵᴗ⋡ࡀୗࡀࡾࠊ30 ௦༙ࡤ ௨㝆ࡽ⫋ࡍࡿഴྥ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ⫋ᚋࡶࠊ ዪᛶࡢከࡃࡣࣃ࣮ࢺࢱ࣒ࡸࣝࣂࢺ➼ࡢ 㠀ṇつປാᚑࡍࡿࡇࡀከ࠸࡛ࡍࠋࡑࡢࡓ ࡵ⏨ዪ㛫㈤㔠᱁ᕪࡣࠊඛ㐍ᅜࡢ୰࡛ࡶࠊ㧗࠸ᩘ ್ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ. ฟᡤ ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ᒁࠕ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ⓑ᭩ ᖹᡂ ᖺ∧ࠖ. 㸫㸫.
(8) ೖຌ -DSDQ ࣋ࢫࢺ࣭ࣉࣛࢡࢸࢫ ዪᛶ㉳ᴗᐙ⫱ᡂᨭ 1980 ᖺ௦༙ࡤ௨㝆ࠊᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ ࣮ᖹ➼᥎㐍ࡢᣐⅬࡋ࡚ࠊᅜ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ࢭࣥ ࢱ࣮ᶓࡣ᪥ᮏ࣐ࢡࣟࢯࣇࢺ♫ࡸࠊᶓᕷ ༠ാ࡛ࠊዪᛶࡀ IT ࢆ᭱㝈ά⏝ࡋࠊ㉳ᴗࢆ㏻ ࡌ࡚⤒῭ⓗ⮬❧࡛ࡁࡿࡇࢆ┠ᣦࡋዪᛶ㉳ ᴗ UP ࣮࣒ࣝࢆ 2007 ᖺ㛤タࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋUP ࣝ ࣮࣒࡛ࡣᖺ㛫⣙ 200 ௳ࡢ㉳ᴗ┦ㄯࢆཷࡅ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠊ┈ࡀฟࡿ⤌ࡳࡸ IT ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ ㈍ಁ㐍ࢆᏛࡪ㞟୰ㅮᗙࠕዪᛶ㉳ᴗᐙࡓࡲࡈሿࠖ ࢆ㐠Ⴀࡋࠊዪᛶ㉳ᴗᐙࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡసࡾࢆ㏻ ࡌ࡚⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ᨭࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ. . 1990 ᖺ௨㝆ࠊࠕ㐨ࡢ㥐ࠖࡤࢀࡿᆅᇦࡢ ሗⓎಙᶵ⬟ࢆഛ࠼ࡓࢻࣛࣈ࣭ࣥࡀࠊ᪥ᮏྛ ᆅタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࠕ㐨ࡢ㥐࡛ࠖࡣࠊዪᛶ ࡓࡕࡀ⫱࡚ࡓస≀ࡸ㎰⏘ຍᕤရࢆ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢ ྡ๓࡛┤᥋ࠊᾘ㈝⪅㈍ࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀࡲ࡛ࠊዪᛶࡓࡕࡀ㎰సᴗᚑ ࡋ࡚࠸࡚ࡶࠊ㎰⏘≀ࡢࡾୖࡆࡀୡᖏ࡛࠶ࡿ ኵࡢධ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓሙྜࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࡇࢆ⪃ ࠼ࡿ┤ᡤࡸࠕ㐨ࡢ㥐ࠖෆࡢ≀⏘㤋࠸࠺᪂ ࡓ࡞㈍㊰ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡇࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢዪᛶ㎰ᴗ⪅ ࡾࠊ⏬ᮇⓗ࡞ࡇ࡛ࡍࠋዪᛶ㎰ᴗ⪅ࡀ㐠Ⴀࡍ ࡿࣞࢫࢺࣛࣥࡀేタࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠕ㐨ࡢ㥐ࠖࡶ࠶ ࡾࠊ᪂㩭࡞㣗ᮦࢆࡗࡓ㣗ࡀ࡚ࡶዲホ࡛ࡍࠋ. 㸦┿ᥦ౪㸸ᏳಸᏊẶ㸧. ཧ⪃࢙࢘ࣈࢧࢺ. 㸦┿ᥦ౪㸸⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᶓ㸧. ෆ㛶ᗓ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ᒁ http://www.gender.go.jp/. ዪᛶ㎰ᴗ⪅ࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺ ㎰ᴗࢭࢡࢱ࣮࠾ࡅࡿዪᛶࡼࡿ㉳ᴗ௳ᩘ. እົ┬ http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/women/. ࡣ 2012 ᖺᗘࡣ 9,719 ௳ࡢࡰࡾࡲࡍࠋ. ᪥ᮏᨻ⟇ᢞ㈨㖟⾜ዪᛶ㉳ᴗᨭࢭࣥࢱ࣮ http://www.dbj.jp/en/service/advisory/wec ᅜ㝿༠ຊᶵᵓ(JICA) http://www.jica.go.jp/activities/issues/gender/ ᶓᕷ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ http://www.women.city.yokohama.jp/ ዪᛶ㉳ᴗ 83 ࣮࣒ࣝ http://www.uproom.info/ ฟᡤ ㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬ࠕ㎰ᮧዪᛶࡼࡿ㉳ᴗάືࡢᐇែㄪᰝࠖ. . 㸫㸫. .
(9) ೖຌ. . -DSDQ &RXQWU\2YHUYLHZ -DSDQ Capital: Tokyo Global Gender Gap Index 2014: 101th /145 Human Development Index 2013: 17th/185 Labour Force Participation: Women 65, Men 85 Estimated Earned Income (Men=100): 61 *HQGHU(TXDOLW\0HDVXUHV In Japan, the Headquarters for the Planning and Promoting of Policies Relating to Women” (predecessor of the National Machinery for the Promotion of Gender Equality) was established in the Prime Minister’s Office in 1975. In 1985, the “Equal Employment Opportunity Law” went into effect and in 1999 the “Basic Law for a Gender-equal Society” went into effect. In 2015, the “Act Concerning Promotion of Women’s Career Activities (PWCA)” was enacted for the purpose of improving the working environment for women in the workforce who wish to fully demonstrate their abilities and be promoted. As a result, the formulation of action plans for the promotion of women will become mandatory for large companies with 301 or more employees starting from April 1, 2016. ,VVXHVRIZRPHQ¶V(FRQRPLF(PSRZHUPHQW In Japan, women seeking economic independence are faced with the reality of insurmountable difficulties when trying to continue work at each juncture of their life cycles, e.g. at childbirth, during child-rearing and when caring for elderly family members. Women’s labor force participation rate by age group follows a “M-shaped curve,” which drops off at the marriage / childbearing age, to rise again in the late 30’s when women return to work. However, even after they return to work, the majority of women are relegated to non-regular employee status such as part-timers and temporary staff. For this reason,. the wage gap between men and women in Japan is one of the highest among the industrialized nations.. On the other hand, women’s potential labor participation ratio is high and companies are being called upon to improve the working environment in order to fully utilize the capacity of such women. Under these circumstances, some women consider entrepreneurship as one of their working options. Main motives for women starting a business include wanting to work at one’s own discretion, and to utilize one’s skills, qualifications and knowledge. According to a survey conducted by the Japan Association for the Advancement of Working Women on the participants of its “Entrepreneurship Seminar,” 77.1% of those who already started a business replied that they started the business in the field in which they had previous work experience. Issues facing women when starting a business include “lack of knowledge / expertise” and “lack of own funds.”. %HVW3UDFWLFHV
(10) 6XSSRUW IRU WKH IRVWHULQJ RI ZRPHQ HQWUHSUHQHXUV From the late 1980’s, Gender Equality Centers were established in Japan as regional bases for the promotion of gender equality. The Gender Equality Center in Yokohama, in collaboration with Microsoft Japan and the City of Yokohama,. 㸫㸫.
(11) ೖຌ -DSDQ. . UP. women to sell crops and processed produce, which. (8NLIMITED 3OTENTIAL) ROOM, in 2007 to. they themselves have produced, in their own. enable women to maximize the use of IT, and gain. names directly to the consumer. When we consider. economic independence through start-ups. In. how, previously, sales from agricultural products,. addition to receiving approximately 200 cases of. despite women’s contributions became the income. star-up consultations per year, the UP ROOM. of the husband, or the head of the household, these. offers the “Course for Women Entrepreneurs in the. “Michi-no-Eki” and farmers’ markets by providing. Making (Egg Course),” intensive courses that. new sales channels are thought to be a. teach. revolutionary development for female farmers.. established. the. Women. profit-making. Entrepreneurs. mechanisms. and. sales. promotion methods that utilize IT, and provides. Some. “Michi-no-Eki”. are. equipped. with. ongoing support by building networks of women. restaurants directly operated by the female farmers,. entrepreneurs.. which have gained popularity as places offering meals using fresh produce.. (Photo: Gender Equality Center Yokohama).
(12) (FRQRPLFHPSRZHUPHQWRIIHPDOHIDUPHUV The number of female entrepreneurs (both individuals and groups) in the agricultural sector rose to 9,719 in FY2012. Drive-ins that are capable of transmitting regional information, known as “Michi-no-Eki” have been appearing throughout Japan since the 1990’s. These “Michi-no-Eki,” have made it possible for. (Photo: Prof. Sumiko Abe). 8VHIXO/LQNV Gender Equality Bureau Cabinet Office http://www.gender.go.jp/ Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/women/ Women Entrepreneurs Center (DBJ-WEC) http://www.dbj.jp/en/service/advisory/wec Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) http://www.jica.go.jp/activities/issues/gender/. 㸫㸫.
(13) ΩϱϚζΠ. . &DPERGLD. ၟᴗࠊࢧ࣮ࣅࢫᴗࠊ〇㐀ᴗࠊ㎰ᴗࠊ࣍ࢸࣝ࠾. ᅜูᴫせ ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ 㤳㒔 ࣉࣀࣥ࣌ࣥ ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࢠࣕࢵࣉᣦᩘ ே㛫㛤Ⓨᣦᩘ ປാຊ⋡ ዪᛶ ⏨ᛶ ⏨ዪ㈤㔠᱁ᕪ㸦⏨ᛶ 㸧. ࡼࡧᐟἩᴗࡢᡂ㛗ࡼࡾࠊዪᛶࡢ㞠⏝ࡀቑ ຍࡋࠊዪᛶ㞠⏝⪅ࡢ ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ዪᛶ⤒Ⴀ⪅ࡼࡿᴗࡣࠊࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣝ ࢭࢡࢱ࣮ࡢ⏕⏘ᛶࡢప࠸㒊㛛㞟୰ࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋዪᛶࡀ㞽⣽࣭୰ᑠᴗࢆタ❧ࡋᣑࡍ. . ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣ㧗࠸ࡀࠊዪᛶࡀᴗ㛵㐃ࡢࢧ࣮. ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ᨻ⟇ ዪᛶ┬ࡣࠊ⏨ዪࡢᖹ➼ዪᛶࡢ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ ࣥࢺࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮㛵㐃ᴗࢆᡤ ⟶ࡍࡿ㛵ಀ┬ᗇࡢࢽ࣮ࢬᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋዪ ᛶ┬ࡣࠊ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ዪᛶࡢ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥ ࢺࡢ᥎㐍ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᨻᗓࠊᕷẸᅋయࠊẸ㛫㒊㛛 ࡢ㐍ᤖᗘࠊၥ㢟Ⅼࠊ࠾ࡼࡧᨻ⟇❧⪅ࡢໟᣓ ⓗᥦゝ㔜Ⅼࢆ⨨࠸ࡓ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࣭ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ ࣮࣭ࢭࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࢆࠊ㐣ཤ ᅇసᡂࡋࡲࡋࡓ 㸦 ᖺࠊ ᖺࠊ ᖺ㸧ࠋ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࣭ࢪ ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮࣭ࢭࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࡣࠊࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮㛵ࡍ ࡿ㠀ᖖ㔜せ࡞ホ౯࡛ࠊ⏨ዪᖹ➼ ࣧᖺィ⏬ 㸦1HDU\ 5DWWDQDN㸧ᚲせ࡞ሗࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡓ ࡵࠊ ᖺࡈ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⌧ᅾ➨ ḟィ ⏬ 㸫 ࡀᐇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢁ࡛ࡍࠋ . ࣅࢫࡸ㈨㔠࡞ࡢ㈨※ࢆ⏝࡛ࡁࡿᶵࡣ. ዪᛶࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺ ዪᛶࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࡣࠊ⏨ዪࡢ ᖹ➼ዪᛶࡢ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࡢ᥎㐍 ྍḞ࡞ᅵྎࡢࡦࡘࡋ࡚ࠊᗈࡃㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡋࡋࠊዪᛶࡣ࡞࠾⤒῭ⓗ࡞≧ែ ࠶ࡾࠊ୰࡛ࡶ⤒῭㈨※ࡢ⏝ᶵ⟶ ⌮ࠊࢫ࢟ࣝྥୖࡢᶵࠊពᛮỴᐃࠊࡼࡾ㧗 ࠸ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ㞠⏝ᶵࡘ࠸࡚≉࡞≧ ែ࠶ࡿࠋ ᖺࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ᖹ➼ᣦᩘ㸦*,,㸧 ࡼࡿࠊປാᕷሙࡢዪᛶࡢཧຍ⋡ࡣ ࠋ ⤒῭ศ㔝ࡢዪᛶࡢཧ⏬ࡣࠊ ᖺࢢ࣮ࣟ ࣂࣝࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࢠࣕࢵࣉᣦᩘࢆぢࡿࠊປ ാຊཧຍ⋡ࡣ㠀ᖖ㧗࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊᑓ㛛ⓗປ ാࡸᢏ⾡ປാࡢཧຍ⋡ࡣࡑࢀࡼࡾప࠸ࠋ. 㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᐙປാᕷሙࡸ୰ᑠᴗ㒊㛛࡛ᡤᚓࢆᚓࡿ ᶵࡀከ࠸ࡓࡵࠊከࡃࡢዪᛶࡣ㎰ᮧ㒊ࡽ 㒔ᕷ㒊ࡸ㏆㞄ㅖᅜ⛣ఫࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᢏ⾡カ⦎ࡸ⫋ᴗカ⦎ࡢᥦ౪ࠊዪᛶࡢ㞠⏝ᶵ ࡢࢡࢭࢫࢆྍ⬟ࡍࡿᥐ⨨ࡸࠊዪᛶ ࡢ㉳ᴗᨭࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㛵ಀᶵ㛵ࡢ༠ຊࡣ㝈 ᐃⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ዪᛶ㛤Ⓨࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡢࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆቑࡸࡍࡓࡵ ࡢᐁẸ㐃ᦠ┦ࡢಙ㢗ࡀḞዴࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᴗᩘ. . ྜィ. ⏨ᛶ⤒Ⴀ⪅ ዪᛶ⤒Ⴀ⪅. . . . . . . ༺࣭ᑠᴗ㸹 ㌴࣮࢜ࢺࣂ ࡢಟ⌮ᴗ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ᴗ. ᐟἩᴗࣇ࣮ࢻ ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫάື. 〇㐀ᴗ. ࡑࡢࡢάື. ฟ ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ⤒῭⤫ィ . ㈤㔠㞠⏝ࡣዪᛶከࡃࡢᶵࢆᥦ౪ࡋࡲࡍ ࡀࠊప㈤㔠ࠊຎᝏ࡞ປാ᮲௳࡞ࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡾ ࡲࡍࠋ ዪᛶࡀᑠつᶍᴗࢆタ❧ࡋᣑࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶ ࡣ㧗࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊᴗ㛵㐃ࡢࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡸ㈨㔠࡞. 㸫㸫.
(14) ΩϱϚζΠ &DPERGLD. . . ࡢ㈨※ࡢ⏝ᶵࡀ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢ ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㜼ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ⫋ᴗ. ᖹᆒ᭶㸦࢚ࣜࣝ㸧. ⏨ዪࡢ㈤ 㔠ᕪ㸦㸧. . ⏨ᛶ. ዪᛶ. ㆟ဨࠊୖ⣭ᐁࠊ ⤒Ⴀ⪅. . . . ᑓ㛛ᐙ. . . . ᢏ⾡⪅ࠊᢏ⾡ຓᡭ. . . . ົဨ. . . . ◊ಟཧຍ⪅ࡢ୍ேࠊࢩ࢚࣒ࣜࢵࣉᕞࠊࣥ. . . . ࢥ࣮ࣝࢺ࣒ᆅ༊ࠊࢫࣦࢳ࢙ࢵࢡࢥ࣑࣮ࣗࣥࠊ. . . . . . . . . . ㌷㝲. . . . ⫋ᴗ. . . . ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫປാ⪅ࠊᗑࡸ ᕷሙ࡛ࡢ㈍ᴗ⪅ ⇍⦎㎰ᴗ࣭ ᯘᴗປാ⪅ ᕤⱁᢏ⬟⪅ ࠾ࡼࡧ㛵㐃ᴗ⪅ ᕤሙ࣭ᶵᲔࡢ㐠㌿⪅ࠊ ࠾ࡼࡧ⤌❧సᴗဨ. . ዪᛶ㎰ᴗᚑ⪅ࡢ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺ. ࢥࢵࢡᮧࡢ࣮࣭࢘ࡉࢇࡀࠊ⫋ᴗ◊ಟ࡛ࡢ⮬ ࡽࡢయ㦂ឤࢆㄒࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ࠕ◊ಟࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᢏ⾡ࡸ▱㆑ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ ⮬ศࡢ⏕⏘≀ࡢⰍࡸᙧࠊရ㉁ࡸ㈍᪉ἲࢆᨵၿ ࡍࡿࡢᙺ❧ࡕࡲࡋࡓࠋᮧࡢⱝ࠸ዪᛶࡀ㎰⏘≀ ࢆ⏕⏘ࡋࠊᐙ᪘ࡢࡓࡵᡤᚓࢆᚓࡿᶵࡀ࠼ ࡽࢀࡿࡢࡣᎰࡋ࠸ࡇ࡛ࡍࠋࡲࡓࡇࡢ◊ಟ࡛ࡣ ᪂ࡋࡃᏛࢇࡔᢏ⾡ࢆ⦎⩦ࡍࡿᶵࡶ࠼ࡽࢀ. ฟ ࠗ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪࡢປാᕷሙ࠾ࡅࡿ⏨ዪᖹ➼࠘,/2 ᖺ. ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ࡛ࡣ⮬ศࡀ⏕⏘ࡋࡓ㎰⏘≀ࢆ㈍ࡍ ዪᛶẚ࡚⏨ᛶࡀ㞠⏝ࡉࢀࡿྜࡣ㧗ࡃࠊ. ࡿࡢ⮬ಙࡀᣢ࡚ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠖ. 㞠⏝⋡ࡢ⏨ዪ㛫᱁ᕪࡣࡇࡇᩘᖺ㛫࡛ 㐩. . ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ. ཧ⪃࢙࢘ࣈࢧࢺ. . ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪዪᛶ┬ )DFHERRN ࣮࣌ࢪ KWWSV ZZZIDFHERRNFRPPRZDJRYNK. ࣋ࢫࢺ࣭ࣉࣛࢡࢸࢫ ዪᛶ⤒Ⴀ⪅ࡼࡿ㞽⣽࣭୰ᑠᴗࡢタ❧ࡸᨵ ၿ ዪᛶ㉳ᴗᐙ㛫ࡢ㐃ᦠᙉࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊዪᛶ㉳ ᴗᐙࡀࠊᅜෆእ࡛ࡢᕷሙ➇தᡴࡕࡘࡓࡵ ᚲせ࡞ࢫ࢟ࣝࢆ㧗ࡵ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ᖺ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪዪᛶ㉳ᴗᐙ༠ࡀタ❧ ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ༠ࡣࠊᴗ⎔ቃࢆᨵၿࡋࠊ ዪᛶࡢཧධࡀάⓎ࡞ศ㔝࡛ࡢᴗάືࡢᡂ㛗 ࢆ┠ⓗࡋࠊാࡃዪᛶࡀᨻᗓࡸᐇᴗ⏺యࠊ࠾ ࡼࡧ࣓ࢹၥ㢟ࢆᥦ㉳ࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ᶆ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋဨࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡάືࡢᶵࢆ సࡾࠊሗࢆඹ᭷ࡋࠊᴗ⏺ᅛ᭷ࡢ㈹ࢆタࡅࡿ࡞ ࡢάືࡶࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ . . ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪዪᛶ㉳ᴗᐙ༠ KWWS FZHDFDPERGLDFRP ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪປാᕷሙ࠾ࡅࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ᖹ➼ KWWS ZZZDGERUJVLWHVGHIDXOWILOHVSXEOLFD WLRQ JHQGHUHTXDOLW\ODERUPDUNHW FDPERGLDSGI ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪዪᛶ㉳ᴗᐙ༠ )DFHERRN ࣮࣌ࢪ KWWSV ZZZIDFHERRNFRP&DPERGLD:RPHQ (QWUHSUHQHXUVUHYLHZV"UHI SDJHBLQWHUQDO. 㸫㸫. .
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(74) ϓΡϨϒϱ 3KLOLSSLQHV. ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊࣇࣜࣆࣥᨻᗓࡣᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࠊ㞽⣽ ᴗ⪅ࡸࠊ⛣ఫປാࡽᖐᅜࡋ㉳ᴗࡾฟࡑ. ࣁࢢࢼࡢ࣐࢝ࣛࢹࣛࡓࡕࡢᕷሙࡣࡉࡽᗈࡀࡾࠊ ධࡶቑຍࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ ࢧࣥࣇ࣮ࣛ࣡⫋ᕤ⤌ྜ ࣑ࣥࢲࢼ࢜ᓥࡢᆅᇦ. ࠺ࡍࡿዪᛶ㉳ᴗᐙࡢᨭࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࢆᙉࡋ ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋዪᛶ㉳ᴗᐙࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥ. ᰿ᕪࡋࡓඛఫẸዪᛶᴗ ࢧࣥࣇ࣮ࣛ࣡⫋ᕤ⤌ྜࡢ⤌ྜဨ࡛࠶ࡿࣄ࢞࢜ࣀ. ࢺࡢᐇ⌧ࢆᨭࡍࡿἲᚊࡀไᐃࡉࢀࠊᨻ⟇ࡸࢧ. ࣥඛఫẸࡢዪᛶࡣࠊᡭ⧊ࡾࡢኳ↛⏕ᆅࢆࡿሙྜࠊ. ࣮ࣅࢫࡀᐇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ. ࣋ࢫࢺ࣭ࣉࣛࢡࢸࢫ ዪᛶ࣐࢝ࣛࢹࣛࡀᙺࡢ࣮࣎࣍ࣝᕞࣁࢢࢼࡢ ఏ⤫ᴗ⫱ᡂ ዪᛶࡢ㞽⣽㉳ᴗᐙࡢ୰ࡣࠊ࣮࣎࣍ࣝᕞࣁࢢ ࢼࡢዪᛶ࣐࢝ࣛࢹࣛ㸦࣐࢝ࣛࡢᐙෆ⏕⏘ᦠ ࢃࡿዪᛶ㸧ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡇࡢዪᛶࡓ ࡕࡣࠊࣁࢢࢼࡢᆅ᪉⮬యᶵ㛵ᥦᦠࡋࡓ ࠕዪᛶࡢኚ㠉ࡢࡓࡵࡢࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ᑐ⟇⤒῭άື 㸦*5($7:RPHQ㸧ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㺁LLLࡀ࠸ᙺ❧ ࡕࡲࡋࡓࠋࠕࣁࢢࢼᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㞽⣽ᴗ㛤Ⓨࣘ ࢽࢵࢺ㸦-$60('㸧LYࠖࡀࠊᅜࡢᨻᗓᶵ㛵ࡸᆅ ᪉⮬యࡽࡢᢏ⾡ຓࡸᨭࢆࡾࡲࡵ࡚ ㄪᩚࡋࠊ࣐࢝ࣛࢹࣛࡓࡕࡀࣁࢢࢼࡢఏ⤫ⓗ࡞࢝ ࣐ࣛ⏘ᴗYࢆάࡉࡏࡿࡇ㈉⊩ࡋࡓࡽ࡛ ࡍࠋ -$60(' ࡣࠊ࣐࢝ࣛࢹࣛࡓࡕࡀ࣐࢝ࣛࢆㄪ ⌮ࡍࡿඹྠࢧ࣮ࣅࢫタࡢᘓタࡢࡓࡵࠊ࣎࣍ ࣮ࣝᕞࡽ⤒῭ຓࢆᘬࡁฟࡋࠊࡲࡓዪᛶࡀ ࠸ࡸࡍ࠸ㄪ⌮タഛࢆㄪ㐩ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊປാ㞠⏝ ┬ࡽ⤒῭ຓࢆᘬࡁฟࡍຊࡶ࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡓ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡┬ࡢཧຍࢆᚓ࡚ࠊ࣐࢝ࣛ〇ရࡢ ㈹ᮇ㝈ࢆᘏࡤࡍࡓࡵࡢᢏ⾡ᨭࢆᥦ౪ࡋࠊዪ ᛶ㞽⣽㉳ᴗᐙࡣ㐺ṇ〇㐀ᇶ‽ࡢ◊ಟࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ㏻ၟ⏘ᴗ┬ࡣᕷሙㄪᰝࠊ〇ရヨ㦂ࠊ ໟࠊ࠾ࡼࡧᗈ࿌ᐉఏࡢࡓࡵࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ ᨭࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࣁࢢࢼࡢᆅ᪉⮬యࡶࠊ࣎࣍ ࣮ࣝ✵ ᗑࢆタࡅࠊほගᐈࡀ࣐࢝ࣛࢆ㉎ ධ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ࠾ࡆ࡛ࠊ ŝ. . ࣇࣜࣆࣥዪᛶጤဨ̿*5($7ዪᛶࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࠋ࡞ࡐዪᛶࡢ ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿࡢ㸽̿ࣇࣜࣆࣥᴗ ዪᛶࡢ⌧≧ࠋᖺ᭶ࠋSFZJRYSKࡼࡾᢤ⢋ࠋ ŝŝ ྠୖࠋ LLL *5($7 ዪᛶࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡣࠊዪᛶࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺ 㸦:((㸧ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⎔ቃ࡙ࡃࡾࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓ⬟ຊ㛤Ⓨࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡ ࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ. ⤌⧊ࡋ࡚ᴗ⪅΅ࡍࡿ᪉ࡀࠊ㧗್ࢆࡘࡅࡽࢀ ࡿࡇࢆ▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࠕࣄࢼ࣎ࣝࠖࡣࠊࣇࣜ ࣆࣥࡢ≉⏘᳜≀ࠊࣂ࢝ࡢ⧄⥔࡛⧊ࡗࡓఏ⤫ࡢ⧊ ≀⏕ᆅ࡛ࡍࠋ ᖺࠕ㠀ᮌᮦᯘ⏘≀ࣉࣟࢢ ࣒ࣛ㸦17)3(3㸧ࠖࡢᨭࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࣑ࣥࢲࢼ࢜ ᓥࣈ࢟ࢻࣀࣥᕞࠊ࣐ࣛࣂࣛᕷࡢൢᮧࠊࣂࣛࣥ ࣭࣐࢞ࢼࣟࢢࠊึࡵ࡚ࣄ࢞࢜ࣀࣥዪᛶ⫋ᕤ⤌ ྜࡀタ❧ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ ዪᛶࡓࡕࡣ⫋ᕤ⤌ྜࡋ࡚ࠊᅜෆࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ ⡿ᅜ࡞ᾏእᕷሙࡢኳ↛⏕ᆅ㟂せࡶᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿ ࡼ࠺࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤒῭άືࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ ዪᛶ⫋ᕤࡓࡕࡢᡤᚓࡣቑຍࡋࠊ⮬ಙࡀ῝ࡲࡾࠊᆅ ඖᨻᗓࡽࡣᆅඖᕷẸᅋయࡢࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࡋ࡚ホ ౯ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ. ཧ⪃࢙࢘ࣈࢧࢺ ࣇࣜࣆࣥዪᛶጤဨ㸦3&:㸧 KWWS ZZZSFZJRYSK 17)3(3ࢪ ZZZQWISRUJ ࢝ࢫࢱ࣒࣓ࢻ࣭ࢡࣛࣇࢶࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦&0&&㸧 ZZZFPFUDIWVRUJ ㏻ၟ⏘ᴗ┬㸦'7,㸧 KWWS ZZZGWLJRYSK ປാ㞠⏝┬㸦'2/(㸧୰ᑠᴗ㛤Ⓨᒁ KWWS ZZZGROHJRYSK ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡┬㸦'267㸧 KWWS ZZZGRVWJRYSK. ŝǀ. -$60(' ࡣࠊ≉ዪᛶࡀ⤒Ⴀࡍࡿ㞽⣽ᴗࢆᨭࡍࡿࡓࡵᆅ᪉ ⮬యࡀタ⨨ࡋࡓᶵᵓ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ǀ ࣐࢝ࣛࡣࠊ⢓ࡾẼࡢ࠶ࡿࡶࡕ⡿࡛ࠊ ᖺ௦ึࡵࡽࣁࢢࢼࡢ ⏘≀ࡢࡦࡘ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ . 㸫 㸫.
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(108) ϗφψϞ. . 9LHW1DP ᅜูᴫせ㸸࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ 㤳㒔㸸ࣁࣀ ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࢠࣕࢵࣉᣦᩘ ே㛫㛤Ⓨᣦᩘ ປാຊ⋡ ዪᛶ ⏨ᛶ ⏨ዪ㈤㔠᱁ᕪ㸦⏨ᛶ 㸧 ⏨ዪඹྠཧ⏬ᨻ⟇ 2013 ᖺ᠇ἲ࡛ࡣࠕᕷẸࡣᛶู㛵ࢃࡾ࡞ࡃ ࠶ࡽࡺࡿⅬ࠾࠸࡚ᖹ➼࡛࠶ࡿࠋᨻ⟇ࡣᖹ➼࡞ ᶒᶵࢆಖドࡋࠊ⏨ዪᕪูࢆᅛࡃ⚗ࡌࡿࠖ ᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍ㸦᠇ἲ➨ 26 ᮲➨ 1 㡯࠾ࡼ ࡧ➨ 3 㡯㸧ࠋ ≉ูἲ㸸⏨ዪᖹ➼ἲ㸦2006 ᖺ㸧ࠊᐙᗞෆᭀຊ 㜵Ṇἲ㸦2007 ᖺ㸧ࠊປാἲ㸦2012 ᖺ㸧ࠊ㞠⏝ἲ 㸦2013 ᖺ㸧ࠊ፧ጻᐙ᪘ἲ㸦2014 ᖺ㸧࡞ࠊἲᚊ ࡢไᐃࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢどⅬࢆྲྀࡾධࢀ࡚࠸ ࡲࡍࠋ ᨻᗓࡣ㛵ಀ┬ᗇࡀ㏿ࡸࠊ⏨ዪᖹ➼ἲᐙ ᗞෆᭀຊ㜵Ṇἲࡢࠊ㛵㐃ࡍࡿᣦ௧ࡸᨻ௧ࠊබᩥ ᭩ࢆฟࡍࡼ࠺ಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ⏨ዪᖹ➼ᇶᮏィ⏬ 㸦2011 ᖺ-2020 ᖺ㸧㛵ࡍࡿᅜᐙᡓ␎ࠊ⏨ዪᖹ ➼ᇶᮏィ⏬㸦2011 ᖺ-2015 ᖺ㸧㛵ࡍࡿᅜᐙ ィ⏬ࠊ⏨ዪᖹ➼ᇶᮏィ⏬㸦2016 ᖺ-2020 ᖺ㸧 㛵ࡍࡿᅜᐙ⾜ືィ⏬ࠊྛᮇ㛫ࡢປാ㞠⏝㛵 ࡍࡿィ⏬ࡢᐇࢆᢎㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡢᣦ♧ࡣ ⥅⥆ⓗฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ ዪᛶࡢ⤒῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࡢㄢ㢟 ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࡣ 2015 ᖺࡢ࣐ࢫࢱ࣮࣮࢝ࢻዪᛶࡢ ♫㐍ฟᗘᣦᩘ㸦MIWA㸧࡛ 66/100 Ⅼࢆ⋓ᚓ ࡋࠊㄪᰝࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࢪኴᖹὒᆅᇦࡢ 16 ࣧᅜࡢ࠺ࡕ 5 ࣛࣥࢡࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ࡢ♫⤒῭ⓗ࡞Ⓨ㐩ዪᛶࡀࡁࡃ ㈉⊩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆពࡋࡲࡍࠋᴗࡢ᭱㧗㈐ ௵⪅༨ࡵࡿዪᛶࡢྜࡣࠊ2010 ᖺࡣ 20% ࡛ࡋࡓࡀࠊ2015 ᖺࡣ 24.8%ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡲ ࡍࠋ2010 ᖺࡽ 2012 ᖺࡢ㛫⏨ዪປാ⪅ࡢ 㞠⏝≧ἣࡣ୍㈏ࡋ࡚ᨵၿࡉࢀࠊປാཧຍ࠾ࡅ ࡿ⏨ዪᕪࡣ⦰ᑠࡋࡲࡋࡓ㸦⾲ 1㸧ࠋ. ฟ ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒⤫ィᒁ ᖺ. ࡋࡋࠊປാᕷሙ࠾ࡅࡿࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ᖹ ➼ࡣ᰿ᙉࡃṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋປാຊཧຍ⋡ࡣࡲ ࡔ⏨ᛶࡢ᪉ࡀ㧗ࡃࠊᏳᐃࡋࡓࢆᚓࡿᶵ ࡣ⏨ᛶປാ⪅ࡢ᪉ࡀࡁ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࠋ2011 ᖺࡢ ዪᛶࡢປാཧຍ⋡ࡣ 72.6%࡛ࠊ⏨ᛶࡢປാཧ ຍ⋡ࡼࡾ 9.1 ࣏ࣥࢺపࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋዪ ᛶࡣࠊ≉㠀ṇつ㒊㛛ࡢᏳᐃ࡞ᑵࡃ ྜࡀ⏨ᛶࡼࡾከ࠸ࡢࡀ≉ᚩ࡛ࡍࠋ㠀ṇつ㒊 㛛࡛ാࡃዪᛶࡣ⏨ᛶẚ࡚ᢏ⾡ࡶపࡃࠊᢏ ⾡㛤Ⓨࡸ◊ಟࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢཧຍᶵࡶ㝈ࡽࢀ ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ. ࣋ࢫࢺ࣭ࣉࣛࢡࢸࢫ㸸ዪᛶࡢ㔠⼥ᨭ ࣔࢹࣝ 2009 ᖺࡽ 2014 ᖺࡲ࡛ࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ዪᛶ㐃 ྜࡣ 33 ࡢᑠつᶍᴗඹྠ⤌ྜࠊ࠾ࡼࡧඹྠ ⤌ྜᅋయ⼥㈨ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋᅜᐙ㞠⏝ ฟᇶ㔠ࡽࡢ⼥㈨ࡣ 5 ᖺ㛫࡛ 40 ⡿ࢻࣝୖ ࡾࠊ⣙ 2,000 ேࡢዪᛶ㞠⏝ࢆᥦ౪ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ 2010 ᖺࡽ 2015 ᖺࡲ࡛ࠊಙ⏝ᨭᇶ㔠ࡣ 13 ࡢ⤌⧊㸦ᑠつᶍ㔠⼥ᶵ㛵ࠊ♫ᇶ㔠㸧 23 ௳ࡢ⼥㈨ዎ⣙ࢆ⤖ࡧࡲࡋࡓࠋ⣼✚㈚ṧ㧗ྜィ ࡣ 874 ൨ࢻࣥࠊ㈚ṧ㧗ࡣ 407 ൨ 5,400 ࢻ ࡛ࣥࡍࠋ♫ⓗ࡞ᡂᯝࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ3 6,400 ே ࡢ㈋ࡋ࠸ዪᛶࡢ㢳ᐈࡀ㔠⼥ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆཷࡅࡓ ࡇࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡲࡍࠋ. 㸫 㸫.
(109) ϗφψϞ 9LHW1DP. . ዪᛶࡢ㉳ᴗᐙࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ☜❧ ᕞࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ 14 ࡢ༠ࠊ567 ࡢࢡࣛࣈࡀࠊዪ ᛶ㉳ᴗᐙሗࡸ◊ಟࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࠊຓゝࠊ࣐࣮ࢣ ࢸࣥࢢࠊពᛮỴᐃࡢࢫ࢟ࣝ࡞ࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ ࡲࡍࠋ 㐀ຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵࠕ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ዪᛶࡢࣀ࣋ ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥࢹ࣮ࠖࢆ 2 ᖺࡈᣢࡕࠊዪᛶࡢ⤒ ῭ⓗ࢚ࣥࣃ࣮࣓࣡ࣥࢺࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ. 㛵㐃࢙࢘ࣈࢧࢺ ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ዪᛶࡢ㐍Ṍࡢࡓࡵࡢᅜᐙጤဨ http://genic.molisa.gov.vn/Home/Home_EN ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ዪᛶ㐃ྜ http://hoilhpn.org.vn/?Lang=EN ᅜ㝿ປാᶵ㛵࣋ࢺࢼ࣒ົᡤ㸦CO-ࣁࣀ㸧 http://www.ilo.org/hanoi; 2013 ᖺᗘ࣑ࣞࢽ࣒㛤Ⓨ┠ᶆሗ࿌᭩㸦࣋ࢺࢼ࣒㸧 㸦PDF ࣇࣝ 148 ࣮࣌ࢪ㸧 http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/libra ry/MDG/english/MDGCountryReports/VietN am/MDGFullReportFinalapproved.pdf. 㸫 㸫.
(110) ϗφψϞ. . 9LHW1DP. Country Overview: Viet Nam Capital: Hanoi Global Gender Gap Index 2014: 83rd /145 Human Development Index 2013: 121th /187 Labour Force Participation: Women 79, Men 86 Estimated Earned Income (Men=100): 83. socio-economic development. The percentage of women holding the highest position in enterprises increased from 20 percent in 2010 to 24.8 percent in 2015. Employment situation has improved consistently for both male and female workers during the period 2010-2012 with narrowing gender gap in labor. 1. Gender Equality Policy The 2013 Constitution stipulates that “Male and female citizens are equal in all respects”. The State has policies to ensure equal rights and opportunities and strictly prohibits gender discrimination (Clause 1 and Clause 3, Article 26). Specialized laws: the Gender Equality Law in 2006 (GEL), Domestic Violence Law in 2007 (DVL). Integrating Gender issues in developing other laws such as the Labour Code (2012), Employment Law (2013), Marriage and Family Law (2014). The government continues to direct relevant ministries to expedite various directives, decrees and documents to concretize the contents of the GEL and the DVL and approving the implementation of National Strategy on GE 2011-2020; National Programme on GE 2011-2015; National Action Programme on GE 2016-2020; Scheme on Labour and Employment each period. 2. Issues on Women’s Economic Empowerment : Vietnam has reached 66/100 score on 2015 Master-card Index of Women’s Advancement (MIWA) and been ranked fifth out of 16 countries surveyed in the Asian-Pacific region. It means that women have been contributing significantly to Vietnam’s. participation (Table 1). Table 1. Source: Vietnam General Statistics Office, 2013. However, gender inequality persists in the labor market. The rate of participation in the labor force is still higher for men; male workers have better access to decent work. In 2011, labor participation rate for women stood at 72.6 percent, which is 9.1% lower than. their. male. counterparts.. Women. accounts for larger share in vulnerable types of job, particularly in informal sector. Women in informal sector have lower skill and limited access to skill development and training programs as compared to men.. 㸫 㸫.
(111) ϗφψϞ 9LHW1DP. 3. Best. Practices:. The. Model. . of. supporting women in loans From 2009 – 2014, Vietnam Women’s Union provides loans for 33 small enterprises. and. cooperatives. and. co-operative groups. Loan fund from National Job Creation Fund: 400.000 USD/5 years; created about 2000 women employments. From 2010-2015, The Credit Support Fund has 23 loan contracts for 13 organizations (MFI, Social fund); Total Accumulated loan outstanding: 87,4 bil. VND; Loan outstanding: 40,754 bil. VND; Social performance: 36.400 clients are poor women reach financial service.. Establishing women’s entrepreneur network: 14. associations and 567 clubs at. provincial level are good at providing information. and. training. services,. advising, marketing, decision skills….to women’s entrepreneurs.. Organizing “ Vietnam Women’s Innovation Day” 2 years/ time in order to enhance creation, encourage women’s economic empowerment of women.. 4. Useful Links: The National Committee for the Advancement of Women in Vietnam http://genic.molisa.gov.vn/Home/Home_EN Vietnam Women’s Union http://hoilhpn.org.vn/?Lang=EN ILO Country Office for Viet Nam (CO-Hanoi) http://www.ilo.org/hanoi; Goals of Viet Nam-UNDP http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/libra ry/MDG/english/MDG%20Country%20Repo rts/Viet%20Nam/MDG_FullReport_Final%2 0approved.pdf. 㸫 㸫.
(112) ポスター/Poster.
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