B此Fac.以oresources,MieUniv.
No.6:57_82 March28.1991
0bservationontheVolumetransportof theKuroshioSouthofJapan
YoshihikoSEKINE*,YuichiSATO*,HironoriTAKAMORl*
弧d王chitaroSAKÅMOTO*†
−Facul[)・OfBioresources,MieUniversity l■Presentadむess‥Shh・NipponMeteorologicaland
OceanographicalConsuItantCoりLtd.
AbstrilCt
TheKuroshiosouthofJapanshowsaclearbimoda】pathcharactedsticbetweenlargemeanderpath andnolargemeanderpath.Ithasbeenpoirltedoutbymanystudiesthatthevolumetransportofthe Kuroshioisanimportantparameterw地頭controIstheselectionofthebimodalKuroshiopath.However,
adearrelationshipbetweentheintersityofvolumetransportandtheselectionoftheKuroshiopathhas beennotc)arihedyet.Fromtheseviewpoints,WehavemadehydrographicobservationsoftheKuroshio SOuthofJapanovertheperiodof1983−1988.InthlSrePOrt.WePreSentthebasicdataofgeostrophic VOlumetransportreferredto1500dbandthevolumetransportobservedbysuspendedcurrentmeter&om thevessel.王tisshownthatthereexjstsaremarkablevadationinvolumetransport.Thegeostrophic transportisrelativelylargerinperiodofnolargemeander(70.5土9.8Sv)thanthatinlargemeander(6l.8 土20.OSv).Thelargesttran$POrtisobservedduringthetransitionperiod&omnomeanderpathtolarge meanderpathin\vinterof1986.
Keywords:VOlumetransport,CurTentVelocit),.theKurosllio,\VeSternboundarycurrent
1.Introduetion
TheKuroshiotakesoneoftwostablepathsasitaowsalongthesouthcoastofJapan:Oneisanolarge
meanderpathnearllypara止eltothesouthemcoastofJapanandtheotherisaiargemeanderpathaccompaniedby alargecoldwatermassoだEnshu・Nada.
Sofれmanytheoreticai$tudiesonthepathdynamicsoftheKuroshiohavebeencarriedoutl)・2)・3).In
thesestudies,becausethelargerneanderoftheKuroshioisconsideredessentianya$aRossbywaveinthezonal mean鮎w,theKuroshiotakesthelargemeanderpathwhenthevolumetransportoftheKuroshioisrelatively sm弧 However,SOmereCentStudies4)朋)havedemonstratedthatifthecoastalandbottomtopographic
e鮎ctsareconsidered,thelargemeanderpathisformedwhenthevolumetransportisrelativelylarge.To Clari&thedynamicsoftheKuroshio,WeShouldknowtherealrelationshipbetweentheintensityofvolume
transportandtheselectionofthepath.Fromthisviewpo血,Wehavebeencarriedoutthehydrographic
observationsontheKuroshioandobtainedthevolumetransportdatabythegeostrophicapproximationoverthe
periodof1983−1988.Furthermore,Wehaveobservedthevolumetransportbyuseofsuspendedcurrent
AcceptedNovember27,1990
58 YoshihikoSEKINE,YuichiSATO,HironoriTAXAMORlandIchitaroSAKAMOTO
meterfromthevessel.Inthepresentpaper,a址datasetsofthegeostrophicnowandvolumetransportbythe Obsel■Vationsarepresented.
2.Observation
Alitheobservationshavebeencarriedoutbythetraining&researchvesselSeisuiqmaruofMieUniversity,
ofwhichdetailsaretabulatedinTablel.TemperatureandsaunitywereobservedbyCTDandthegeostrophic currentsreferredto1500dband3200dbwereestimated.Thevolumetrasportwasalsoestimated翫〉rnthe velocity data observed by the suspended Aanderaa current meter from the vessel. The direct current measurementswerecarriedoutfor15minutesforthelowestleveland7minutesfbrintemediatelayer,andthe meanvelocitywasobtainedbysubtractingshipdr批estimatedbyLoranC良一omtheobservedvelocity.
Tablcl.ObservationsmadebytheSeisui−tllaruforthepresentstudy No.ofobservational MaininstrumentS uSed
lines in observations Cruise names Periods
CTD
CTD,Aanderaa C.M.
CTD
CTD.AanderaaC.M.
CTD,AanderaaC.M.
CT王)
CTD CTD CTD
CTD,AanderaaC,M.
CTD,AanderaaC.M.
CTD
Aanderaa CTD,AanderaaC.M.
CTD
CTD,AanderaaC.M−
CTD.AanderaaC.M.
CTD,AanderaaC.M.
CTD,AanderaaC.M.
CTD
CTD.Aanderaa C.M.
CTD 8−12May1963
16−19Jul.1983 25−28Jul,1983 300ct.−3Nov.1983 28Jan.−2Feb.1984 16−25Apr.1984 25−28Jul.1984 14−19Sep.1984 21−30Nov,1984 17−24May1985 14−17Jul.1985 2ト25Jul.1985 19−210ct.1985 10−16May1986 1ヰー17Jul.1986 23−26Jul.1986 28Nov.−5Dec.1986 16−18Jul.1987 24−26Jul.1987 30Nov.−5Dec.1987
8−16May1988 270ct.−3Nov.1988 83MAY
8封UL−1 8封Uし2 830CT 84JAN 84APR 84JUL 84SEP 84NOV 85MAY 8引UL−1 8釘Uし2 850CT 86MAY 86JUし1 8尉Uし2 86NOV 87JUし1 87JUし2 87NOV 88MAY 880CT
3.Vclocityandvolumctransportofthc Kuroshio
AllthevelocitydatasetobtainedbythegeostrophicestimationandthesuspendedAanderaacurrentmeter
areshowninFig.1.Thelocationofeachobservationalhesaredisplayedtogeth6hviththemainKuroshioaxis andvelocity負eldscompiledbyJapanHydrographicDepartment.
● The observed volume transportis tabulatedinTable2.The volume transport by the geostrophic
VolunletranSPOrtOftheKurosl血 59
330 8㌘N 330 ココ■N
言ヱ山∝⊃SS山∝m
︵qP︶山∝⊃SS山Ud
1350 1JlO0 1450 E
Fig.1.Verticalsectionofgeostrophicvelocity(panelswithstraightlぬecontour)andthevelocitybysuspended
currentrneter(pcne】swithsmoothedlinecontour).Thelocationofthevel▲ticaJsectionisshownby
solid血einthebottommap,WherelocationofthemainKuroshioaxisandvelocityvectorsbyJapan
HydrographicO疏ceareaisoshown.
YoshihikoSEK!NE,YuichiSÅTO,HironoriTAKAMOR[andIchぬroSAXAMOTO 60
芸p芯∝⊃∽S山∝軋
1350−45−E
1350 140q ld5Q∈
Fig.1continlユed(1)
VolumetransportoftheKuroshユ0 61
1:ほ0 1390 叫(㍗ 1410E
糾一 肝 ㌫㌘ 31。 冥アN
13Tq
︵qP︶山江⊃SS山∝d
∧リ ∩︼ ハリ2
1358 1ヰ08 1458E
Fig.1continued(2)
YoshihikoSEKINE,YuichiSATO,HironoriTAKAMORlandIdぬroSAKAMOTO
62
838 3㌘N
︵qP︶山∝⊃SS山Ud
言p︶山∝nS∽山∝&
1350−45′E
1300E 1350 1400 1450E
Fig.1continued(3)
VolumetransportoftheKuroshio 63
83● 32●N 33や ぶ㌘N
︵qP︶山∝⊃SS︺Ud
︵qヱ山∝⊃S∽山∝瓜
︵U OO
2 劇じ
ハリ O
2
1350−45 E 1350−45 E
1300E 1350 ・1400 145ロE
Fig.1continued(4)
Yoshi最koSEKⅢE,YuichiSÅTO.批onodTAX蛸ORI狐dI血伽OSÅK在MOTO
64
1318 13㌘E l甜 ペ灯E
31− aJIN 3計 3㌘N 3♂ 3ざ 31− 3ぴN
︵qP︶山U⊃SS山⊂d
135℡_45−E
13口8E 1350 1400 1450E
Fig.1continued(5)
VolumetransportoftheKurosI厄0 65
︵宅︶山∝n∽のu正d
1300E 1350 1 100 1450∈
Fig.1continued(6)
Yos旭IikoSEK王NE,YuichiSATO,H辻onoriTAKAMOR(andIchitaroSAK刷OTO
66
鮮 3㌢N 3月○ ミ澄ON
︵qP︶山⊆﹂SS山∝d
130やE 1350 1ヰ00 145DE
Fig.1continucd(7)
VoLumetransportoftheKuroshio 67
ヱ80 820N 朗甘 3:㌢ 820N
苫P︶揖∝⊃SSu∝L
†●3、ロO E 1350 1ヰ08 1ヰ50E
Fig.1continued(8)
YoshihikoSEf(lNE,Yuicl厄SATO.HironoriT^KAMORIandlchitaroSAK心10TO 68
∝r 320N
︵qp︶山U⊃SS山∝d
︵qP︶uU⊃SS山Ud
∩︶ ○ ︹︶ウー
1370−30−E
1300E 1350 1400 1月50E
Fig.1continued(9)
VolumetransportoftheKuroshio 69
138■ 139■E
3ユ●
ユご■N
1a㌢ 叫(ア 1ヰ10 1一考㌘≡
∝㌍ 3㌘ 318 800 2㌘N
苫3山∝⊃∽Su∝d
▲U nV ∧U2
1300∈ 1358 1ヰ00 1月5b E
Fig.1con[inued(10)
YoshihikoSL三KINE,YuicliiS^ rO,HironorlTAlく^MO】(landlcllitaroS^K^MOTO 70
朋○ ∝㌢ 320 〇18 300N
︵qP︶︺正⊃SS山庄d
■U ︵UO
2
187L30−E
1300E 1350 1400 145¢E
Fig.1con血ued(11)
j
VoIumetransportoftheKuroshio 71
苫P︶u∝⊃SS山∝d
1388−3〔r E
1300E 135q 1400 1∠ほP E
Fig.1conぬued(12)
YoshihikoSEKtNE,YuichiSATOIHironoriTÅKAMOR(andIchitaroSAK旭OTO 72
封● 83− ∝㍗N
︵宅︶山喜∽山∝軋
︻宅︶山荘﹁萌め山荘L
1300E 135■ 1相0 1d50E
Fig.1continued(13)
VolumetransportoftheKuroshio 73
︵qP︼山U⊃SS﹈Ud
1300E 1350 1400 1月50E
Fig.1con血ued(14)
Yoshi昆koSEKtNE,YuichiSATO,H汝onoriTAK旭ORIand王chitaroSAKAMOTO
74
〇†●
3p H
封・ エ㍗ ユP 31●
︵qp芯UコSS山正d
1360−30■E
1300E 135q lヰ0¢ 1ヰ58E
Fig.1cont血ユed(15)
VolumetransportoftheKuroslho 75
軍 学 苧 t 昏 N
t l t t t t
㌫讐 山ち望 00‡ u㌫‡
(qPほUnSSヨUd
†ぞ策⁚ゝ云イ
・一 ・・
﹁︑一r.lqP)ヨUnSSヨUd
Fig.1con血ued(16)
YoshihikoSEKrNE,YuichiSATO,HironoriTAXAMORIandIchitaroSÅKAMOTO
76
Z●−巾
u■S門r
萬り
転い ・
も円LCI L旬日l
bn︻(qPほUnSSヨUd
.h
VolumetransportoftheKuroshio 77
1鋸8 1怨㌢E
幻○ ェ㌘ 310N
︵qP︶山巳⊃SS山Ud
1300E 1350 1400 1450E
Fig.1continued(18)
78 YoshihikoSEKINE,YuichiSATO,HironoriTAKÅMO鋸andIchitaroSAKÅMOTO
︵qP︼山江⊃SS山巳d
130Q E 135b lヰ00 1ヰ5¢E
Fig.1continued(19)
VolunletranSPOrtOftheKhroshjo 79
138椚 1390 1柑 1ヰ1p E
鋸0 3㌢N
138■ 137tE
8ヰ○ 崇㌢ ぷ㌘N
0