Vol.67 , No.2(2019)080李学竹「『阿毘達磨集論』梵文欠損部の回収――第17, 21葉――」

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『阿毘達磨集論』梵文欠損部の回収

―第

17,

21 葉―

李学竹

1 ．はじめに

『阿毘達磨集論』 (AS) の梵本は，都合44葉から成り，これまでに28葉が確認されてきた．しかしながら全体の44葉から既知の28葉を差し引いた，残りの16葉については未だに発見されていない．そこで著者は，それら梵文欠損箇所16葉を回収するために，近年確認された『阿毘達磨雑集論』 (ASVy) 梵本を用いる．そこには同書の本文とその釈文がまるごと含まれているからである．梵文欠損箇所16葉とは，第2, 6, 7, 17, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 32, 34, 35, 37, 40, 41葉を指す．このうち，第2, 6, 7葉についてはその梵文翻刻を提示したので，本稿ではそれに続く，第17, 21葉について検討を試みる．これら欠損貝葉の詳細については李2011を参照されたい．以下に提示するテクストは『阿毘達磨雑集論』から筆者が抜粋した本文 (AS) の文言の校訂テクストである．限られた誌面において煩瑣化を避けるため，筆者の判断において行った写本における子音重複の標準化，内容に基づいてダンダの添削については表記しない．第21葉と第22葉との切れ目を正確に判断することは困難であるため，文字量で適宜区切った．第21葉では内容の区切りを視覚化するために見出しに相当する煩悩法を太字で示した．

第17葉：早島2003: pp. 332–340; 大正蔵31巻(No. 1605); pp. 674a–674c; AS (Tib): D73b–75b sahasraṃ pūrvavidehā(71b3)nāṃ sahasraṃ jambūdvīpānāṃ sahasram aparagodānīyānāṃ sahasram uttrakurūṇāṃ sahasrañ cāturmahārājakāyikānāṃ devānāṃ trāyastriṃśānāṃ yāmānāṃ tuṣitā(71b4)nāṃ nirmāṇaratīnāṃ paranirmitavaśavarttināṃ sahasraṃ brahma-lokānām | ayam ucyate sāhasracūḍiko lokadhātuḥ | yat sāhasrāṇāṃ cūḍikānāṃ sahaśraṃ ayam ucya(71b5)te dvisāhasro madhyamo lokadhātuḥ | yad dvisāhasrāṇāṃ madhyamānāṃ lokadhātūṇāṃ sahasram ayam ucyate trisāhasramahāsāhasro lokaḥ |

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api khalu jātir duḥkhaṃ jarā duḥkhaṃ vyādhir duḥkhaṃ maraṇaṃ duḥkhaṃ apriya-(72b1)saṃyogo duḥkhaṃ priyaviyogo duḥkham | yad apīcchan paryeṣamāṇo na labhate tad api duḥkham | saṃkṣepataḥ | pañcopādānaskandhā duḥkham ||

kena kāraṇena jātir duḥkham | sambādhaduḥ(72b2)khatāṃ tadanyaduḥkhāśrayatāñ copādāya (72b3) | kena kāraṇena jarā duḥkhaṃs ca | yaḥ pariṇāmaduḥkhatām upādāya || ke-(72b4)na kāraṇena vyādhir duḥkham | dhātuvipariṇamatām upādāya | kena kāraṇena maraṇaṃ duḥkham | jīvitavipariṇāmaduḥkhatām upādāya | kena kāraṇenāpriyā(72b5) saṃyogo duḥkham | saṃyogaduḥkhatām upādāya | kena kāraṇena priyavinābhāvo duḥkham | viyogaduḥkhatām upādāya | kena kāraṇena yad apīcchan parye(72b6)ṣamāṇo na labhate tad api duḥkham | āśāvaiphalyatām upādāya | kena kāraṇena saṃkṣepataḥ pañcopādānaskandhā duḥkham | dauṣṭhulyaduḥkhatām upādāya |

yad uktaṃ (73a3) jāti duḥkhaṃ jarā duḥkhaṃ vyādhir duḥkhaṃ maraṇaṃ duḥkhaṃ apriyasaṃyogo duḥkham ity anena duḥkhaduḥkhatā paridīpitā | (73a4)

yad uktaṃ priyavinābhāvo duḥkhaṃ yad apīcchan paryeṣamāṇo na labhate tad api duḥkham ity anena vipariṇāmaduḥkhatā paridīpitā |

(73a5) yad uktaṃ samkṣepataḥ | pañcopādānaskandhā duḥ(73a6)kham ity anena saṃkṣāraduḥkhatā paridīpitā | (73b1)

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katamat samvṛtisatyena duḥkham | katamad paramārthasatyena duḥkham iti ||

jātiduḥkhaṃ yāvad yad apīcchan paryeṣamāṇo na labhato (73b2) tad api duḥkham iti samvṛtisatyena duḥkhaṃ laukikajñānaviṣayatvāt | yad uktaṃ saṃkṣepeṇa pañcopa-dānaskandhā duḥkham iti paramārthasatyena duḥkham || (73b3)

duḥkhe sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ katamat | anityalakṣaṇa | duḥkhalakṣaṇaṃ śūnyalakṣaṇam | anātmalakṣaṇañ ca | (73b4)

tatra dvādaśavidhena lakṣaṇe {na} nānitya(73b5)m veditavyam || tat punar asallakṣaṇaṃ vināśalakṣaṇaṃ vipariṇatilakṣaṇaṃ viyogalakṣaṇaṃ sannihitalakṣaṇam |

第21葉：早島2003: pp. 384–404; 大正蔵31巻(No. 1605): pp. 677a–678b; AS (Tib): D80b–83b

īrṣyāsaṃyojanaṃ lābhasatkārādhyavasitasya parasaṃpattāv amarṣakṛtaś cetaso

vyāroṣaḥ | īrṣyāsaṃyoja1)_{-(85b5)-nena saṃyukto}_{(86a1) lābhasatkāraguruko bhavati na}

dharmagurukaḥ | lābhasatkāraguruko kuśalam ācarati kūśalan nācarati | yenāyatyāṃ duḥkham abhinirvarttayan duḥkhena saṃyujyate ||

mātsaryasaṃyojanaṃ lā(86a2)bhasatkārādhyavaśitasyaiva pariṣkāreṣu cetasa āgrahaḥ | mātsaryasaṃyojanena saṃyuktaḥ | sannidhikāraguruko bhavati | na saṃlekhagurukaḥ | sannidhikāraguruko (86a3) akuśalam ācarati kuśalan nācarati | yenāyatyāṃ duḥkham abhi-nivirttaryan duḥkhena saṃyujyate ||

bandhanāni trīṇi | rāgo bandhanaṃ dveṣo bandhanaṃ moho bandhanaṃ | rā(86a4)ga-bandhanena vipariṇāmaduḥkhatāyāṃ bandho bhavati | dveṣabandhanena duḥ kha-duḥkhatāyām bandho bhavati | mohabandhanena saṃskāraduḥkhatāyām bandho bhavati || (86a5) api khalu rāgadveṣamohān āgamya kuśalaprayoge kāma(86a6)cāraṃ na labhate || (86b1)

anuśayāḥ sapta | kāmarāgānuśayaḥ pratighānuśayaḥ bhavarāgānuśayaḥ mānānuśayaḥ avidyānuśayaḥ dṛṣṭyanuśayaḥ vi(86b2)cikitsānuśayaś ca || kāmarāgānuśayaḥ kāmarāgapakṣyaṃ dauṣṭhulyaṃ || pratighānuśayaḥ pratighapakṣyaṃ dauṣṭhulyam || bhavarāgānuśayaḥ rūpārūpyarāgapakṣyaṃ dau(86b3)ṣṭhulyaṃ || mānānuśayaḥ mānapakṣyaṃ dauṣṭhulyaṃ || avidyānuśayaḥ avidyāpakṣyaṃ dauṣṭhulyaṃ || dṛṣṭyanuśayaḥ dṛṣṭipakṣyaṃ dauṣṭhulyaṃ || vicikitsānuśayaḥ vicikitsā(86b4)pakṣyaṃ dauṣṭhulyaṃ || kāmaiṣaṇāgatasyāvītarāgasya rāgānuśayaḥ pratighānuśayaś cānuśete | bhavaiṣaṇ āgatasyāvītarā-(86b5)gasya ragānuśayo mithyābrahmacaryaiṣaṇāgatasya avītarāgasya mānānuśayo

vidyānuśayo dṛṣṭyanuśayaś cānuśete | tathā hi parītena pratipakṣamātreṇo(86b6)nnatiṃ gac-chati | satyeṣu ca saṃmūḍhā bhavanti | mithyāmokṣaṃ mokṣopāyañ ca santīrayantīti

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buddhānāñ ca śāsane saddharmavinaye kāṅkṣanti vicikitsanti || (87a1)

upakleśāḥ katame | ye bhāvet kleśā upakleśā api te syur upakleśā na kleśāḥ | ya(87a2)d rāgādīn kleśān sthāpayitvā tadanyaḥ kliṣṭaś caitasikaḥ saṃskāraskandhaḥ krodhādiko veditavyaḥ | api khalu rāgaś caitasikaḥ upakleśo dveṣo mohaḥ(87a3) caitasika upakleśaḥ | yenopakleśenopakliṣṭaṃ cittaṃ na virakṣatena vimucyate | tadāvaraṇam aprahāya, ta upakleśā ucyante | yathoktam bhagavatā dīrgharā(87a4)traṃ cittaṃ saṃkliṣṭaṃ | rāgeṇa saṃkliṣṭaṃ dveṣeṇa saṃkliṣtaṃ moheneti ||

paryavasthānāny aṣṭau | styānamiddhaṃ auddhatyaṃ kaukṛtyaṃ īrṣyā mātsaryaṃ

āhrīkyam anapatrāpyañ ca || (87a5) punaḥ punar udrekeṇa cittaparyavanahanāṣv eva paryavasthānāni | kuśa(87a6)lapakṣaḥ punar yathākālaśamathapragrahopekṣanimittabhāvā nā tatsanniśrayaś ca | brahmacaryādiviśuddhisaṃgṛhītaṃ śīlaṃ ||

oghā cātvāraḥ | kāmaugho bhavaugho (87b3) dṛṣṭyogho vidyaughaś ca | anuśrotopaharaṇārthena oghāḥ, saṃkleśānuguṇyārthena | yathākramaṃ kāmaiṣaṇāgatasya prathamaḥ bhavaiṣaṇāgatasya (87b4) dvitīyaḥ mithyābrahmacaryaiṣaṇāgatasya paścimaughau, āśrayāśritasambandhayogena || (87b5)

yogāś catvāriḥ | kāmayogo bhavayogo dṛṣṭiyogo vidyāyogaś ca | visaṃyogaparipanthārthena yogārthāḥ, vyavadā(87b6)navaiguṇyārthena | ete pi yathākramam eṣaṇātrayayuktānāṃ ||

upādānāni catvāri | kāmopādānaṃ dṛṣṭyupādānaṃ śīlavratopādānaṃ ātmopādānaṃ ca |

vi(88a1)vādamūlopādānārthena, tataś ca punarbhavopādānārthena upādānāni || kāmārāgādh yavasānavinibandhaparigredhasaṃrāgaheto gṛhiṇo gṛhibhiḥ sārddham vivadante | tasya vivā(88a2)damūlasya prathamam upādānaṃ || dṛṣṭarāgādhyavasānavinibandhaparigredha-saṃrāgahetoḥ pravrajitāḥ pravrajibhiḥ sārddham vivadante | tasya vivādamūlasya trīny upā (88a3)dānāni || dvāṣaṣṭi dṛṣṭigatāni dṛṣṭyupādānaṃ || pṛthagbhinnāni yad bhūyasā kaṣṭāni vratatapāni śīlavratopādānaṃ satkāyadṛṣṭiḥ ātmavādopādānaṃ || dṛ(88a4)ṣṭyupādānena śīlavratopādānena ca tīrthyo nyonyam vivadante | āt［mavādopādāne］na tv anyonyaṃ na vivadante, (88a5) ihadhārmikaiḥ sārddham vivadante | ta eva vivādamūlābhini(88a6)viṣṭāḥ āyatyāṃ punarbhavam upādadate | tenocyante upādānānīti ||

granthāś catvāraḥ | abhidhyākāyagranthaḥ, vyāpādakāyagranthaḥ, śīlavrataparāmarśakāya - (88b1)granthaḥ, idaṃsatyābhiniveśaparāmarśakāyagranthaś ca | samāhitacittasvabhāvasya kā(88b2)yasya parigranthārthena granthāḥ | tathā hi cātvāri vikṣepakāraṇāni | āmiṣakiñcitkahetoś cittam vikṣipyate, adhikaraṇe samyakpratipattihetoḥ, kaṣṭa(88b3)-śīlavrataduḥkhavihārahetoḥ, ayoniśojñeyasantīraṇahetoś ca || (88b4)

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nivaraṇāni pañca | kāmaccha(88b5)ndanivaraṇam, vyāpādaḥ, styānamiddham auddhatyakaukṛtyaṃ vicikitsānivaraṇāni ca | kuśalapakṣāsaṃprakhyānanimittārthena nivaraṇāni | (88b5) pravrajyāyām abhiratikāle codanāyām asamyakpratipattikāle śamatha-(89a1)kāle pragrahakāle ca || (89a3)

khilās trayaḥ | rāgaḥ khilo dveṣo mohakhilaḥ | yān rāgadve (89a4) ṣamohān āgamya pūrvābhyāsayogena rāgādicarito bhavaty akarmaṇyacitto durvimocyaḥ tac caritam aprahāya te khilā ucyante |

malās trayaḥ | rāgo malo dveṣo moho malaḥ | yān rāgadveṣamohān āgamya (89a6) tādrūpyaṃ dauḥśīlyam adhyāpadyate | yena vijñāḥ sabrahmacāriṇo grāmagatam vā araṇyagatam vā dṛṣṭvā evam āhuḥ | ayaṃ sa āyuṣmān evaṃkārī, evaṃcārī, aśucir grāma-(89b1)kalmaṣa (Ms: -kalmaka) iti, te malā ucyante |

nighās trayaḥ | rāgo nigho dveṣo nigho moho nighaḥ | yadrāgadveṣamohān āgamya dīrghakā(89b2)laṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ pratyanubhavanti, te nighā iti ucyante ||

śalyās trayaḥ | rāgaḥ śalyo dveṣo(89b3)mohaḥ śalyaḥ | yān rāgadveṣamohān āgamya bhave bhavopakaraṇeṣu vātyarthaṃ prārthanājāte viharati buddhadharmasaṃgheṣu ca duḥkhasam udayanirodhamārggasa(89b4)tyeṣu ca kathaṃkathābhāvaḥ, te śalyā ity ucyante |

kiñcanās trayaḥ | rāgaḥ ki(89b5)ñcano dveṣo mohaḥ kiñcanaḥ | yān rāgadveṣamohān āgamya sabhayaḥ savairo bahuvyāseko viharati, te kiñcanā ity ucyante |

trīṇi duścaritāni | rāgaduścaritaṃ dve(90a1)ṣo mohaś ca duścaritaṃ yān rāgadveṣamohān āgamya kāyena duścaritaṃ carati, vācā manasā duścaritañ carati, te duścaritānīty ucyante, prāṇātipātādyakuśalacaryāvāhanāt | du(90a2)ścaritāni rāgadveṣamohānām evākuśalatve vyavasthāpanaṃ | ebhir mukhair duścaritāvāhanāt | api khalv āmiṣakiñcitkahetoḥ sattvā duścaritaṃ caranti bhogārthi(90a3)no lobhena | apakāranimittaparikalpahetoḥ parāṣarādhāmarṣiṇo dveṣeṇa mithyādharmābhiniveśahetoś ca viparītadarśino mohena duścaritañ caranti yā(90a4)jñikādayaḥ tasmāl lobhadveṣamohā duścaritamūlān ity ucyante ||

āsravās trayaḥ | kāmāsravo bhavāsravaḥ avidyāsravaś ca, cittavisārasrutikaraṇārthena | bahirmu(90a5)khasrutim upādāya kāmāsravo ntarmukhāṃ srutim upādāya bhavāsravaḥ | tadubhayasrutyāśrayatām upādāya avidyāsravaḥ || (90a6)

vighātās trayaḥ | rāgo vighāto dveṣo moho vighātaḥ | yān rāgadveṣamohān āgamya bhavopakaraṇair icchāvighātena ca vihanyate | te vighātā ity ucyante | (90b1)

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ayoniśonimittagrāhī bhavati | anu(90b2)vyañjanagrāhī yena nimittagrāheṇānuvyañjanagrāheṇa ca paridahyate | kā(90b3)yaṃ cittañ ca paridahantīti paridāhāḥ ||

upāyāsās trayaḥ | rāga upāyāso dveṣo moha upāyasaḥ | yān rāgadveṣamohān āgamya yatra rato bhavaty adhyava(90b4)sitaḥ | tasya vipariṇāmād anyathībhāvāt | śokaparidevadu-ḥkhadaurmanasyopāyasaiḥ spṛśyate || (90b5)

raṇās trayaḥ | rāgo raṇo dveṣo moho raṇaḥ | yān rāgadveṣamohān ā(90b6)gamya śastrād-ānadaṇḍādānakalahabhaṇḍanavigrahavivādā utpadyante, te raṇā ity ucyante ||

jvarās trayaḥ | rāgo jva(91a1)ro dveṣo moho jvaraḥ | yān rāgadveṣamohān āgamya adharmarāgamahāparidahena dahyante, (91a2) viṣamalobho mithyādharmamahāparidāhena paridahyate, te jvarā ity ucyante ||

vanasā(91a3)s trayaḥ | rāgo vanaso dveṣo moho vanasaḥ | yān rāgadveṣamohān āgamya jātimūlakeṣu saṃsāreṣu saktaḥ citrākāram ātmabhāvapañcagatike saṃsāre bhinirvartta -(91a4)yati, te vanasā ity ucyante ||

vinibandhāś trayaḥ | rāgo vinibandho dveṣo moho vinibandhaḥ | yān rāgadve(91a5)-ṣamohān āgamya kāye sāpekṣaḥ, avyutpannabuddhiḥ saṃsṛṣṭavihārī alpamātrasantuṣṭo bha- (91a6)van kuśale na prayujyate, kuśalaprayogavinibandhād vinibandhāḥ ||

1）ここまではAS fol. 20b7に含まれる．〈略号および参考文献〉

As (Tib): The Tibetan translation of the Abhidharmasamuccaya, namely chos mngon pa kun las btus

pa, D no. 4049.

Gokhale, V. V. 1947. Fragments form the Abhidharmasamuccaya of Asaṅga. Journal of Royal Asiatic

Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Bombay Branch New Series 23: 13–38.

早島理監2003 「梵蔵漢対校E-TEXT̶『大乗阿毘達磨集論』．『大乗阿毘達磨雑集論』」3，

瑜伽行思想研究会（www.shiga-med.ac.jp/public/yugagyo/AS.htm 最終アクセス日：2018年9 月18日）．

李学竹 2011「Abhidharmasamuccayaおよびその注釈（Vyākhyā）の新出梵文写本について」『印度学仏教学研究』60（1）: 153–156.

Li, Xuezhu 李学竹．2013. Diplomatic Transcription of Newly Available Leaves from Asaṅga s

Abhidharmasamuccaya: Folios 1, 15, 18, 20, 23, 24.『創価大学国際仏教学高等研究所年報』16: 241–253. ̶̶̶. 2014. Diplomatic Transcription of Newly Available Leaves from Asaṅga s

Abhidharma-samuccaya: Folios 29, 33, 39, 43, 44. 『創価大学・国際仏教学高等研究所年報』17: 195–205. Li, Xuezhu李学竹 and Kano, Kazuo加納和雄．2014. Restoration of Sanskrit text in missing

leaves (fols. 2, 6, 7) of the Abhidharmasamuccaya manuscript on the basis of the

Abhidharmasamucca-yavyākhyā manuscript. China Tibetology 23: 53–63.

〈キーワード〉 Abhidharmasamuccaya，梵文

Vol.67 , No.2(2019)080李 学竹「『阿毘達磨集論』梵文欠損部の回収――第17, 21葉――」

『阿毘達磨集論』梵文欠損部の回収

―第

17,

21

葉―

李 学 竹

1

．はじめに

Vol.67 , No.2(2019)080李学竹「『阿毘達磨集論』梵文欠損部の回収――第17, 21葉――」

李学竹