ᖹᡂ26㸫28ᖺᗘཌ⏕ປാ⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠㸦㣗ရࡢᏳ☜ಖ᥎㐍◊✲ᴗ㸧
⥲ྜศᢸ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩
㣗ရ፹ឤᰁ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢ᥎ᐃ
㸦ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡼࡧᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ✚ᴟⓗ㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁཎయࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫ࡞ࡽ
ࡧୗ⑩ᝈࡢᐇែᢕᥱࠊᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ရࡢ␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᢕᥱ㸧
◊✲ศᢸ⪅ ❑⏣㑥ᏹ ᅜ❧་⸆ရ㣗ရ⾨⏕◊✲ᡤᏳሗ㒊➨ᐊ㛗
◊✲༠ຊ⪅ ᱜⰾ᫂ ᐑᇛ┴་ᖌᗣࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᡤ㛗
ᑠᯇ┿⏤⨾ ᐑᇛ┴་ᖌᗣࢭࣥࢱ᳨࣮ᰝ㒊᳨ᰝ⛉⛉㛗 ᰗἑⱥ ᰴᘧ♫࣑ࣟࢡ࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝࣛ࣎ࣛࢺ࣮ࣜ
⋢ΎᏊ ᰴᘧ♫࣑ࣟࢡ࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝࣛ࣎ࣛࢺ࣮ࣜ
ᆏୖṊᩥ ᰴᘧ♫࣑ࣟࢡ࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝࣛ࣎ࣛࢺ࣮ࣜ
ᑗኴ ᰴᘧ♫࣑ࣟࢡ࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝࣛ࣎ࣛࢺ࣮ࣜ
㟖ᓥṇᾈ ᰴᘧ♫ࣅ࣮࣭࢚࣒࣭࢚ࣝ
ᒣୗ▱ᡂ ᰴᘧ♫LSI࣓ࢹ࢚ࣥࢫ
㇂ಇ ᰴᘧ♫LSI࣓ࢹ࢚ࣥࢫ
⇃㇂ඃᏊ ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤᅜ㝿༠ຊᐊ㛗 㰺⸨๛ோ ᅜ❧ឤᰁ◊✲ᡤឤᰁᏛࢭࣥࢱ࣮
ᕝṇ⣖ ࡉ࠸ࡓࡲᕷಖ⚟♴ᒁಖ㒊㣗ရ࣭་⸆ရᏳㄢ㛗 ୰ᆅబ▱Ụ ࡉ࠸ࡓࡲᕷಖ⚟♴ᒁಖ㒊㣗ရ࣭་⸆ရᏳㄢ
⁁ཱྀ⠊ ᒸᒣᕷಖ⚟♴ᒁಖ⟶⌮ㄢ
᪥ᩥᏊ ᅜ❧⎔ቃ◊✲ᡤ≉௵ࣇ࢙࣮ࣟ
ኳ ᏹ ᅜ❧་⸆ရ㣗ရ⾨⏕◊✲ᡤᏳሗ㒊
⏣ᮧ ඞ ᅜ❧་⸆ရ㣗ရ⾨⏕◊✲ᡤᏳሗ㒊
◊✲せ᪨㸸
㸯㸬࠙㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࠚ
㣗୰ẘࡋ࡚ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ᩓⓎⓎᝈ⪅ࢆྵࡵࡓ⫶⭠⅖ᝈࡢᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ
ࡓࡵࠊᐑᇛ┴ࡢ⮫ᗋ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢ༠ຊࡼࡾࠊ་⒪ᶵ㛵ࡽ᳨ᰝ౫㢗ࡉࢀࡓୗ⑩
᳨౽᳨యࡽࡢཎ⳦᳨ฟᩘ㛵ࡍࡿࢡࢸࣈ㸦✚ᴟⓗ㸧ࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢆ2005 ᖺࡽ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣࡲࡎᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ 2005㹼2015 ᖺࡢཎ
⳦᳨ฟ≧ἣࡢヲ⣽ゎᯒ࠾ࡼࡧ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⮫ᗋ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ ࡓࢡࢸࣈࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ ᐑᇛ┴࡛௨๓⾜ࡗࡓኟᮇ࠾ࡼࡧᮇࡢ 2 ᅇࡢ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡽồࡵࡓ᳨
౽ ᐇ ⋡ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ་ ⒪ ᶵ 㛵 ཷ デ ⋡ ➼ ࡢ ᅉ Ꮚ ࢆ ᥎ ᐃ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ᑟ ධ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡛ ࠊ CampylobacterࠊSalmonellaࠊVibrio parahaemolyticusࡢ3⳦ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࣔࣥࢸ
࢝ࣝࣟࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥἲࡼࡾᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿᙜヱ⳦ࡼࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ
⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡽࠊᅜ࡛ࡢᙜヱ⳦ࡼࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ
⑩ᝈ⪅ࡢⓎ⏕⋡ࡀᐑᇛ┴࡛ࡢⓎ⏕⋡ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿ௬ᐃࡋࡓࡢᅜࡢᙜヱ⳦
ࡼࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ࡢᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋ2011ᖺࡽࡣࡉࡽᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ ࡓẸ㛫᳨ᰝᶵ㛵 3 ♫ࡽᅜࡘ࠸࡚ࡢཎ⳦᳨ฟᩘࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㞟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ3 ᖺ㛫ࡢࢡࢸࣈࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢆ⥅⥆ࡍࡿࡶࠊᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ㟁ヰఫ ẸㄪᰝࢆH26ኟH28ኟᐇࡋࠊ᭱᪂ࡢୗ⑩Ⓨ⏕⋡ࠊ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⋡࠾ࡼࡧ
᳨౽᳨ᰝᐇ⋡ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡶࠊ㐣ཤᐇࡋࡓᏘࡢᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ㟁 ヰఫẸㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡛᥎ᐃ⢭ᗘࡢྥୖࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ2006㹼2015ᖺࡢ 10ᖺ㛫ࡢࢡࢸࣈࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢹ࣮ࢱࡽᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅
ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᐑᇛ┴ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢᅜ᥎ᐃ್ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓH28ᖺᗘࡣཌ
⏕ປാ┬㝔ෆឤᰁᑐ⟇ࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫ㸦JANIS㸧ࡢ⳦᳨ฟሗ࿌ᩘࡽࡢ⫶⭠⅖
ᝈᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࡶ⾜࠸ࠊ␗࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࢯ࣮ࢫࡽࡢ᥎ᐃࡼࡿ᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝࡸഴྥࡢ
᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰㸬࠙␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᢕᥱࠚ
㏆ᖺࡢ㣗ရ୰ࡢ␗≀ΰධ㛵ࡍࡿሗ㐨ࡀᩘከࡃぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺ࠊᾘ㈝⪅ࡢ␗
≀ΰධᑐࡍࡿ㛵ᚰࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡞ࡃ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏᅜ࡛ࡢ≧ἣࢆ᫂☜ᢕ ᥱ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ሗࡣᑡ࡞ࡃࠊ≉ᗣ⿕ᐖࢆཬࡰࡍ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ◳㉁␗≀ࡘ࠸
࡚ࡢ≧ἣࡢᐜࢆ♧ࡍࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚋࠊྛᴗ⪅ࡀHACCPࡼࡿ⾨
⏕⟶⌮ࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ㝿ࠊ㣗ရ୰ΰධࡍࡿ␗≀ࡢయീࡢᢕᥱࠊᗣ⿕ᐖࡢ ᐇែࠊᗣ⿕ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ␗≀ࡢᮦ㉁ࠊᙧ≧➼ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡀࡲࡎᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ࡑࢀࡽࡣ༴ᐖせᅉศᯒࡢᨭࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡇࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣྛ㒔 㐨ᗓ┴ࠊಖᡤタ⨨ᕷࠊ≉ู༊ࠊ142⮬య࠾ࡅࡿ␗≀ΰධࡢⱞฎ⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓࢆ㞟ࡵࠊ␗≀ΰධࡢᐜࠊ㣗ရࡸΰධ␗≀ࡢ✀㢮ࠊ㣗ရࡢ␗≀ΰධ
࠾࠸࡚ࣜࢫࢡࡢ㧗࠸⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡸΰධᕤ⛬➼ࢆᢕᥱࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢHACCPᣦᑟᙺ
❧ࡘᇶ♏ࢹ࣮ࢱࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࠋ
㸿◊✲┠ⓗ
㸯㸬࠙㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࠚ ᡃࡀᅜ࡛ࡣ㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁࡢᝈ⪅ᩘࡣ㣗 ရ⾨⏕ἲ࠾ࡼࡧឤᰁἲࡶ࡙࠸࡚ሗ࿌
ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᩓⓎࡣ㣗୰ẘࡋ࡚
ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ሙྜࡀከࡃࠊࡑࡢࡓࡵ㣗୰ẘ
⤫ィ➼ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁ࣭ୗ⑩ࡢ ᝈ⪅ᩘࡀṇ☜ᢕᥱࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇࡀ♧
၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋ≉᭱㏆࡛ࡣᗈᇦᩓⓎࡼ
ࡿ⿕ᐖࡶሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㣗ရ⾨⏕⾜ᨻ
࠾ࡅࡿᑐ⟇➼ࡢ᳨ウࡢࡓࡵࡣࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ
ࡶྵࡵࡓ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᐜࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ
ࡀ㔜せ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
⡿ᅜ࡛ࡣ1995ᖺ௨㝆ࠊFoodNet㸦ࣇ࣮ࢻ
ࢿࢵࢺ㸧࠸࠺ࢡࢸࣈ㸦✚ᴟⓗ㸧ࢧ࣮
࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᑟධࡉࢀࠊ㣗ရ⾨⏕
ࡢྛ✀ᑐ⟇ཬࡧࡑࡢຠᯝࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ
㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁࡢᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢᢕᥱࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ
࡚⾜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋFoodNet ࡣ⡿ 10 ᕞࡢ ᐃⅬ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡽཎయ᳨ฟࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㞟⣙
ࡋ࡚ศᯒࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡸ
᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ㄪᰝ➼ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚⾜࠸ࠊྛ᥎ᐃẁ 㝵ᚲせ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡛య᥎ᐃࢆ
⾜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ᥎ ᐃ⤖ᯝࡣᝈ⪅ᩘࡢከᖺᗘࢃࡓࡿኚືࡢᢕ ᥱࡸྛ✀⾜ᨻ⟇ࡢຠᯝࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ➼ࠊ㣗 ရ⾨⏕⾜ᨻά⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
᪥ᮏ࠾࠸࡚ࡶᝈ⪅ᩘࡢᐜᢕᥱࡢࡓࡵ
ྠᵝࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᚲせ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛᪥ᮏࡣࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀタ
⨨ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋୗ⑩ࡢⓎ⏕ືྥࡸ
ᐇែᢕᥱࡢࡓࡵࡢᇶ♏ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ✚ࡍࡿࡇ
ࡣࠊ㣗୰ẘ⾜ᨻ࠾ࡅࡿ㣗୰ẘᑐ⟇❧ࠊ ࡑࡢຠᯝࡢホ౯࠾ࡼࡧྛ✀ࣜࢫࢡホ౯➼
ࡁࢃࡵ࡚㔜せ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࡇ
ࢆࡩࡲ࠼ࠊᮏ◊✲➼࠾࠸࡚ࡣ2005ᖺࡼࡾ
⥅⥆ࡋ࡚ᐑᇛ┴࠾࠸࡚ࢡࢸࣈࢧ࣮࣋
ࣛࣥࢫࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡇࢀࡼࡾᐇᝈ⪅ᩘ᥎ᐃ
ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ᭷ຠᛶࢆᐇドࡋࠊ᪥ᮏ࠾ࡅ
ࡿFoodNetᵝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᵓ⠏ࡢᇶ♏ࡍࡿ
ྠࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ᪥ᮏᑟධ ࡍࡿ㝿᳨ウࡍࡁ≉ᚩࡢᢕᥱࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁ ࡓࠋ
㸰㸬࠙␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᢕᥱࠚ
㏆ᖺࠊ㣗ရࡢ␗≀ΰධ㛵ࡍࡿሗ㐨 ࡀᩘከࡃぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺ࠊᾘ㈝⪅ࡢ␗≀ΰ ධᑐࡍࡿ㛵ᚰࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡞ࡃ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋᐇ㝿ࡑࢀࡽࡢႚ㣗ࡼࡿᗣ⿕ᐖ
ࡶሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࢃࡽࡎࠊ㣗ရ
࠾ࡅࡿ␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡣࠊྛ⮬యࣞ࣋
࡛ࣝࡢሗ࿌ࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ᪥ᮏᅜ࡛ࡢ≧ἣ
ࢆ᫂☜ᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ሗࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࠋ
≉㣗ရΰධࡍࡿ␗≀ࡢ࠺ࡕ◳㉁␗≀
ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᮦ㉁ࠊᙧ≧➼ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣᗣ⿕
ᐖࢆⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ༴ᐖせᅉࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡸ
ࡣࡾᅜ࡛ࡢ≧ἣࡢᐜࢆ♧ࡍࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ㝈
ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ཌ⏕ປാ┬࡛ࡣ⌧ᅾࠊHACCP ࡢไᗘ
ྥࡅࡓ㆟ㄽࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚋࠊྛ
ᴗ⪅ࡀHACCPࡼࡿ⾨⏕⟶⌮ࡢྲྀ⤌ࡳࢆ
㐍ࡵࡿ㝿ࠊ㣗ရΰධࡍࡿ␗≀ࡢయീ
ࡢᢕᥱࠊᗣ⿕ᐖࡢᐇែࠊᗣ⿕ᐖࡀⓎ⏕
ࡋࡓ␗≀ࡢᮦ㉁ࠊᙧ≧➼ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡀ
ࡲࡎᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡽࡣ༴ᐖせᅉศᯒࡢ ᨭࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡇࢀࡽࡢ≧ἣࢆ㚷ࡳࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣᅜࡢ
⮬యࠊಖᡤ➼࡛␗≀ΰධࡢⱞฎ⌮ࢆ
⾜ࡗࡓࢆ㞟ࡵࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ␗≀ΰධ
ࡢᐜࠊ㣗ရࡸΰධ␗≀ࡢ✀㢮ࠊ㣗ရࡢ
␗≀ΰධ࠾࠸࡚ࣜࢫࢡࡢ㧗࠸⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ
ࡸΰධᕤ⛬➼ࢆᢕᥱࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢపῶᑐ⟇
ᣦᑟᙺ❧ࡘᇶ♏ࢹ࣮ࢱࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗ
ࡋࡓࠋ
㹀◊✲᪉ἲ
㸯㸬࠙㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࠚ 㸯㸬ࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟
ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ࡢཎᅉཎయࡢࢡࢸࣈࢧ
࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵࠊᐑᇛ┴ෆ࡛་
⒪ᶵ㛵ࡢ་ᖌࡀ౽᳨ᰝࢆ౫㢗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᳨ᰝ ᶵ㛵༠ຊࢆ౫㢗ࡋࠊࡑࡢᶵ㛵ࡽࡢࢹ࣮
ࢱ㞟ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ 2011 ᖺࡽࡣẸ㛫᳨ᰝᶵ㛵3♫ࡼࡾᅜࡢ⳦᳨
ฟᩘࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㞟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᐑᇛ┴ࡢ᭷⪅ࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⋡࠾ࡼࡧ
ཷデ⪅ࡢ᳨౽ᐇ⋡ࡣࠊྠ┴࠾࠸࡚௨๓
⾜ࡗࡓ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ᥎ᐃࡉࢀ
ࡓ್ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋᏘ⠇ኚືࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ᮇ 㸦2006 ᖺ㸧ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃኟᮇ㸦2007 ᖺ㸧
ࡶ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᮇࡢ⤖ᯝẚ㍑
᳨ウࡢୖࠊ⤫ྜࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡽ᳨౽ᐇ⋡
࠾ࡼࡧ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⋡ࢆ☜⋡ศᕸᙜ࡚ࡣ
ࡵ࡚᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋ
㸯㸫㸯㸬ᐑᇛ┴ࡢ⮫ᗋ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡽࡢྠ┴
ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ㞟 ۑ༠ຊ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵
࣭ᐑᇛ┴་ᖌᗣࢭࣥࢱ࣮
࣭ᐑᇛ┴ሷ㔩་ᖌ⮫ᗋ᳨ᰝࢭࣥࢱ࣮
ࡇࢀࡽ2ᶵ㛵࡛ࡢ᳨౽⤖ᯝࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓࠋ
㸯㸫㸰㸬Ẹ㛫᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡽࡢᅜࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ ࡢ㞟
ۑ༠ຊ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵
࣭ᰴᘧ♫࣑ࣟࢡ࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝࣛ࣎ࣛࢺ࣮ࣜ
࣭ᰴᘧ♫ࣅ࣮࣭࢚࣒࣭࢚ࣝ
࣭ᰴᘧ♫LSI࣓ࢹ࢚ࣥࢫ
ࡇࢀࡽ 3♫࡛ࡢᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ᳨౽ࡢ
⤖ᯝࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓࠋ
㸯㸫㸱㸬ᅜ࠾ࡼࡧᐑᇛ┴ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓᛴ ᛶୗ⑩㛵ࡍࡿ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ
ᅜ࠾ࡼࡧᐑᇛ┴ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓᛴᛶୗ⑩
㛵ࡍࡿᮇ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ㸦2009 ᖺ 12
᭶5᪥㹼12᭶24᪥ࠊ⣙18༓ே㸦ᅜ
⣙12000 ேࠊᐑᇛ┴⣙6,000ே㸧㸧ࠊ
ᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ 2 ᅇࡢኟᮇ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ 㸦2014ᖺ7᭶11᪥㹼8᭶3᪥ࠊᅜ⣙1
3༓ேࢆᑐ㇟ࠊ2016ᖺ7᭶22᪥㹼8᭶
23᪥ࠊᅜ⣙23༓ேࢆᑐ㇟㸧ࠊᐑᇛ┴
ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓᛴᛶୗ⑩㛵ࡍࡿᮇ㟁ヰ ఫẸㄪᰝ㸦2006ᖺ11᭶22᪥㹼12᭶4᪥ࠊ
⣙1ே㸧࠾ࡼࡧኟᮇ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ㸦2007 ᖺ7᭶14᪥㹼7᭶27᪥ࠊ⣙12༓ே㸧 ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ㸦⾲㸯㸧ࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࡢ୍㒊ࡣ㐺ᐅሗ
࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ௨ୗᴫ␎ࢆ♧
ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ
㟁ヰㄪᰝࡣ࡚ඹ㏻ࡢ㉁ၥ⚊࠾ࡼࡧᡭ㡰
࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋᅜ࠾ࡼࡧᐑᇛ┴ෆࡢ୍⯡ᐙ ᗞࢆࣛࣥࢲ࣒㑅ᢥࡋࠊࣂࢫࢆῶᑡࡉ ࡏࡿࡓࡵᐙᗞෆ࡛ḟㄌ⏕᪥ࡀ᮶ࡿணᐃࡢ
ேᑐࡋ࡚ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝⅬࡽ㐣 ཤ1࢝᭶௨ෆ⾑౽ࠊ24㛫௨ෆ3ᅇ௨
ୖࡢୗ⑩ࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣྤࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࠸࠺᭷
⪅᮲௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡋࠊࡘ៏ᛶ⫶⭠ᝈࠊ㣧 㓇ࠊᢞ⸆ࠊዷፎ➼ࡢ㝖እ᮲௳ࡀ࡞ࡗࡓே
ࢆ᭷⪅ࡋࡓࠋ
㸯㸫㸲㸬ཌ⏕ປാ┬㝔ෆឤᰁᑐ⟇ࢧ࣮࣋
ࣛࣥࢫ㸦JANIS㸧ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ
⤫ィἲ 32 ᮲ᇶ࡙ࡃ┠ⓗእ⏝⏦ㄳ
ࡼࡾࠊ2008 ᖺࡽ 2015 ᖺࡢཌ⏕ປാ┬㝔 ෆឤᰁᑐ⟇ࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫ (JANIS)᳨࣭ᰝ 㒊㛛ሗཬࡧ་⒪ᶵ㛵ሗࡢ୍㒊ࢆධᡭࡋ ࡓࠋJANISࡣᖹᡂ12ᖺ7᭶㛤ጞࡉࢀࠊཧ ຍ་⒪ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿ㝔ෆឤᰁࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣࡸࠊ
⸆⪏ᛶ⳦ࡢศ㞳≧ἣ࠾ࡼࡧ⸆⪏ᛶ⳦
ࡼࡿឤᰁࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣࢆㄪᰝࡋࠊᡃࡀᅜࡢ 㝔ෆឤᰁࡢᴫἣࢆᢕᥱࡋ་⒪⌧ሙࡢ㝔ෆ ឤᰁᑐ⟇᭷⏝࡞ሗࡢ㑏ඖ➼ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ
ࢆ┠ⓗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
Campylobacter ࠊ Salmonella ࠊ Vibrio parahaemolyticusࠊ ⭠ ⟶ ฟ ⾑ ᛶ ⭠ ⳦ 㸦EHEC㸧ࡼࡿୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ࡢᐃ⩏ࡣࠊ
⣅౽᳨యࡽࠊCampylobacterࠊSalmonellaࠊ
Vibrio parahaemolyticuࠊ⭠⟶ฟ⾑ᛶ⭠⳦
㸦EHEC㸧ࡀศ㞳ࡉࢀࡓᝈ⪅ࡋࠊྛᖺ㸦2008 ᖺࡽ2015ᖺ㸧࡛ᐃ⩏ྜ⮴ࡍࡿ
ࢆSPSS Statistics Base Version 23㸦IBM♫㸧
ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᢳฟࡋࡓࠋ
㸰㸬ࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟ィ࣭ゎᯒ
᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡽࡢཎ⳦᳨ฟࢹ࣮ࢱ࠾ࡼࡧ 㟁ヰㄪᰝࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ Microsoft Excel
ࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࣮ࣇࣝධຊ ࡋࡓࠋ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢಶேሗࡣᥦ౪ࡉ
ࢀࡓⅬ࡛᪤ษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᥦ౪ࢹ
࣮ࢱࡽಶேࢆ≉ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ 㟁ヰㄪᰝࢹ࣮ࢱࡣேᩘࡔࡅࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛࠶ࡾ
ಶேሗࡣྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ㟁ヰㄪᰝࢹ࣮
ࢱࡣᅜࡲࡓࡣᆅᇦࡢᖺ㱋ேཱྀศᕸࡶ
࡙ࡁ⿵ṇࡋࠊ㞟ィᚋ☜⋡ศᕸࡋ࡚᥎ᐃ
ࣔࢹࣝᑟධࡋࡓࠋࣔࢹࣝࡣ@RISKࢯࣇࢺ
࢙࢘㸦Palaside♫㸧ୖ࡚సᡂࡋࠊ1 ᅇࡢヨ⾜ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
㸱㸬ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘ
ࡢ᥎ᐃ
ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ⳦✀ࡈࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩
ᝈ⿕ᐖ᥎ᐃࡢࡓࡵࠊୖグ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽ CampylobacterࠊSalmonellaࠊ Vibrio parahaemolyticusࡢ 3⳦ࡢ᳨ฟᩘ
ࢆᢳฟࡋࡓࠋ༠ຊ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡽ3⳦
㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ࡚ࡢ᳨య᳨࡛ᰝࢆ⾜࡞ࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋ᳨ฟᩘᑐࡋࠊ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢఫẸ࢝ࣂ
࣮⋡ࡼࡿ⿵ṇࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ་⒪ᶵ 㛵࠾ࡅࡿཷデ⪅ࡢ᳨౽ᐇ⋡ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧୗ
⑩ᝈ⪅ࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡶ
᥎ᐃࣔࢹࣝᑟධࡍࡿࡇ࡛ᐑᇛ┴࡛ࡢ
ྛ⳦ࡼࡿ᥎ᐃᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋ᳨ᰝᶵ 㛵ࡢఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡣ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡽࡢሗ
ࡼࡾ2ᶵ㛵࠶ࢃࡏ࡚52%᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋ ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵⳦᳨ฟࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ 2015 ᖺ 1㹼12
᭶ࡢ᪂つࢹ࣮ࢱ2005ᖺ1᭶ࠥ2014ᖺ12
᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ10ᖺศࡢ᪤㞟ィࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿ㝧ᛶ᳨యࡽࡢ⳦᳨ฟ
⋡ࡣ 100%௬ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ⡿ᅜ࠾ࡅ
ࡿ◊✲㸦P. Mead et al., 1999㸧࡛ࠊ㣗ရ⏤
᮶ឤᰁࡢྜࢆ Campylobacter ࡣ 80%ࠊ Salmonella ࡣ 95% ࠊ Vibrio parahaemolyticus ࡣ 65%࡛࠶ࡿࡑࢀࡒ
ࢀ᥎ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ್ࢆ⏝
࠸࡚ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿྛ⳦ࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩
ᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋ
㸲㸬ᐑᇛ┴ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝࡽᅜ
࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ ᐑᇛ┴ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡼࡾࠊᅜ࡛ࡢ ᙜヱ⳦ࡼࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ࡢⓎ⏕⋡
ࡀᐑᇛ┴࡛ࡢⓎ⏕⋡ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿ௬ᐃࡋ ࡓࡢᅜࡢᙜヱ⳦ࡼࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩
ᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵ⥲ົ┬⤫ィ
ᒁࡢWeb࣮࣌ࢪᥖ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿேཱྀ⤫ィ
ࢹ࣮ࢱ㸦2010ᖺ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ
㸳㸬ᅜࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ฟᩘࢹ࣮ࢱࡽᅜ
࡛ࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ
ᅜ࡛ࡢ⳦✀ࡈࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ
⿕ᐖ᥎ᐃࡢࡓࡵࠊᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
Ẹ 㛫 ᳨ ᰝ ᶵ 㛵 3 ♫ ࡢ ᳨ ᰝ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࡽ ࠊ Campylobacter ࠊ Salmonella ࠊ Vibrio parahaemolyticusࡢ3⳦ࡢ᳨ฟᩘࢆᢳฟࡋࠊ
⳦ࡈᖺ㛫ࡢ᳨ฟᩘࢆồࡵࡓࠋࡇࢀᑐ ࡋࠊ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡼࡿ⿵ṇࢆ
⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ་⒪ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿཷデ⪅
ࡢ᳨౽ᐇ⋡࠾ࡼࡧୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵
ཷデ⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡶ᥎ᐃࣔࢹࣝᑟධ
ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ྛ⳦ࡼࡿ᥎ᐃᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ⟬ฟࡋ ࡓࠋ
2010㹼2015 ᖺࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ 3♫㸦࣑ࣟࢡ
࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝࣛ࣎ࣛࢺ࣮ࣜࠊࣅ࣮࣭࢚࣒࣭࢚
ࣝࠊLSI ࣓ࢹ࢚ࣥࢫ㸧ࠊ2009 ᖺࡘ࠸࡚
ࡣ2♫㸦ࣅ࣮࣭࢚࣒࣭࢚ࣝࠊLSI࣓ࢹ࢚
ࣥࢫ㸧ࠊ2006㹼2008ᖺࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ1♫㸦ࣅ
࣮࣭࢚࣒࣭࢚ࣝ㸧ࡢ᳨ฟᩘࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝ࡋ ࡓࠋ
ྛ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡣࠊྛ᳨ᰝᶵ 㛵ࡢ⭠⟶ฟ⾑ᛶ⭠⳦㸦EHEC㸧㸦2009 ᖺ
࠾ࡼࡧ2010ᖺࡢLSI ࣓ࢹ࢚ࣥࢫ㸧ࡶࡋ ࡃࡣEHEC O157㸦࣑ࣟࢡ࣓ࢹ࢝ࣝࣛ࣎
ࣛࢺ࣮ࣜࠊࣅ࣮࣭࢚࣒࣭࢚ࣝࠊ2011ᖺ௨㝆 ࡢLSI࣓ࢹ࢚ࣥࢫ㸧ࡢ᳨ฟᩘࢆཌ⏕ປാ
┬ࡢᅜᒆฟᩘẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࡑ
ࢀࡒࢀࡢᖺᗘࡈ᥎ᐃࡋࡓ㸦⾲㸳㸧ࠋ
᳨౽ᐇ⋡࠾ࡼࡧ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⋡ࡋ࡚
ࡣࠊᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ኟᮇ2ᅇᐇࡉࢀ
ࡓ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ㸦2014ᖺ7㹼8᭶ࠊ2016ᖺ 7㹼8᭶㸧࠾ࡼࡧᮇᐇࡉࢀࡓ㟁ヰఫẸ ㄪᰝ㸦2009ᖺ12᭶㸧ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⤫ྜࡋࠊ ࡑࡢゎᯒࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓྛ᥎ᐃ್㸦ᅗ 1ࠊ 㸰㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ
ྛ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿ㝧ᛶ᳨యࡽࡢ⳦᳨
ฟ⋡ࡣ 100%௬ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽᐑᇛ┴ࡢ
ሙྜྠᵝࠊMead ࡽࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᅜ
࠾ࡅࡿྛ⳦ࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ᥎ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ
㸴㸬JANISࢹ࣮ࢱࡽᅜ࡛ࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ
⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ
JANIS ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽᢳฟࡋࡓᩘᑐࡋࠊ
JANIS ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱᥦฟ་⒪ᶵ㛵ࡢఫẸ࢝ࣂ
࣮⋡ࡼࡿ⿵ṇࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆୗ⑩
ᝈ⪅ࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⋡࠾ࡼࡧ་⒪ᶵ㛵࠾
ࡅࡿཷデ⪅ࡢ᳨౽ᐇ⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡶ
᥎ᐃࣔࢹࣝᑟධࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾྛ⳦ࡼ
ࡿ᥎ᐃᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋ
JANIS ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃࡣ
JANISࡢ2008㹼2015ᖺࡢEHECሗ࿌ᩘ
ᅜ ❧ ឤ ᰁ ◊ ✲ ᡤ ཎ ᚤ ⏕ ≀ ᳨ ฟ ሗ 㸦IASR㸧グ㍕ࡉࢀࡓᅜࡢEHEC᭷⪅
ᩘࡽࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᖺࡢ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ
⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
་⒪ᶵ㛵ࡢ᳨ᰝ㒊㛛ࡶࡋࡃࡣእ㒊ጤク᳨
ᰝᶵ㛵➼࡛ࡢ㝧ᛶ᳨యࡽࡢ⳦᳨ฟ⋡ࡣ 100%࡛࠶ࡿ௬ᐃࡋࡓࠋ ࡉࡽࡢ᥎ᐃ ᡭἲྠᵝࠊMead ࡽࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᅜ
࠾ࡅࡿྛ⳦ࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ᥎ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ
㸰㸬࠙␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᢕᥱࠚ 㸯㸬ࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟
ྛ㒔㐨ᗓ┴ࠊಖᡤタ⨨ᕷࠊ≉ู༊࡞ࠊ
142 ⮬యࡈ༠ຊࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࠊ2016 ᖺ12᭶1᪥㹼28᪥ࡢᮇ㛫ᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ
㣗ရࡢ␗≀ΰධ㛵ࡍࡿⱞࡢㄪᰝ
ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᖹᡂ26ᖺᗘࠊᖹᡂ27ᖺᗘࡣ1 ᖺศ㸦4㹼⩣ᖺ3᭶㸧ࠊᖹᡂ28ᖺᗘ㛵ࡋ࡚
ࡣ4㹼11᭶ࡢሗ࿌ᩘࡢ㞟ィࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡋࡓࠋ ձୖグ⣙3ᖺ㛫࠾࠸࡚ࠊㄪᰝᑐ㇟ᮇ㛫୰
ⱞฎ⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᖺᗘẖ
ㄪᰝ⚊1ࡢᵝᘧᚑ࠸㣗ရศ㢮ู࠾ࡼࡧ
␗≀ศ㢮ูࡢ௳ᩘࢆグධࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋྛ
ࡢ࠺ࡕ〇㐀ࠊຍᕤࠊㄪ⌮⌧ሙ࠾ࡅࡿ
ΰධࡀุ᫂㸦ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡶࡢࢆྵࡴ㸧ࡋ
࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ࢝ࢵࢥෆ௳ᩘࢆグ ධࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋղࡉࡽࠊୖグձࡢ࠺ࡕ
࡛〇㐀ࠊຍᕤࠊㄪ⌮⌧ሙ࠾ࡅࡿΰධࡀุ
᫂㸦ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡶࡢࢆྵࡴ㸧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕA.◳㉁␗≀ࡢΰධ
ࠊB.ᗣ⿕ᐖࡢ࠶ࡗࡓࠊC. ሗ㐨➼࡛
ࡁࡃヰ㢟࡞ࡗࡓࡸ⯆῝࠸
ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㣗ရྡࠊ␗≀ࡢෆᐜࠊᗣ⿕ᐖࡢ
᭷↓ࠊΰධࡀ㉳ࡁࡓ〇㐀ᕤ⛬࡞ࢆㄪᰝ⚊
2ࡢᵝᘧᚑ࠸グධࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋ
㸰㸬ࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟ィ࣭ゎᯒ
㏦ࡉࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ࡚Microsoft Excel ࡢࣇࣝ⤫ྜࠊධຊࢆ⾜࠸ࠊྛ✀㞟ィ
ࡸゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝ⾲1ࢆࡶࠊ㣗ရ
ࡢ␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖࡢⱞཷࡢᴫせࢆ㞟ィ ࡋࠊ␗≀ศ㢮ẖࠊ㣗ရศ㢮ẖࡢ௳ᩘࡸྜ
ࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ㣗ရศ㢮ẖࡢΰධ␗≀
ࡢෆヂࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓࠋㄪᰝ⚊㸰ࡽ◳㉁␗≀
ΰධ࠾ࡼࡧ᭷ࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓࠋ㣗ရ ศ㢮ࠊ␗≀ศ㢮ࡣㄪᰝ⚊1ࡢศ㢮ᚑࡗ࡚
⾜ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝ⚊1ࡢሙྜྠᵝࠊ␗≀ศ㢮 ẖࠊ㣗ရศ㢮ẖࡢ௳ᩘࡸྜࠊ㣗ရẖࡢΰ ධ␗≀ࡢෆヂࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓΰධ␗≀ࡢ
ࡁࡉ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶ㞟ィࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ᭷
㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣලయⓗ࡞ྡ⛠ࡶྵࡵࡓΰධ␗≀ࡢ ヲ⣽㞟ィࡶ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
㹁◊✲⤖ᯝ
㸯㸬࠙㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࠚ
㸰Ѹ㸯㸬ᐑᇛ┴࡛ࡢࢡࢸࣈࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥ
ࢫࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈᐇᝈ⪅
ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ
CampylobacterࠊSalmonellaࠊVibrio parahaemolyticusࡢ3⳦㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ㣗ရ⏤
᮶ୗ⑩ᝈࡢᐇᝈ⪅ᩘ᥎ᐃࡢヨࡳࢆᅗ㸱 ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ἢࡗ࡚ᐇࡋࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸯Ѹ㸯㸬ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿᖺ㛫᳨ฟᩘࡢ᥎ ᐃ
ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ࡢᐇᝈ⪅
ᩘࡢᢕᥱྥࡅ࡚ࠊᐑᇛ┴་ᖌᗣࢭࣥ
ࢱ࣮࠾ࡼࡧᐑᇛ┴ሷ㔩་ᖌ⮫ᗋ᳨ᰝࢭࣥ
ࢱ࣮࡛ࡢ⳦᳨ฟࢹ࣮ࢱࢆࡶ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓ㸦⾲㸰㸧ࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸯Ѹ㸰㸬ᐑᇛ┴࡛ࡢ᭷⪅ࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷ
デ⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃ
ᅇ⏝࠸ࡓ᥎ᐃ್ࡣࠊ2006ᖺ2007ᖺ ࡢ 2ᅇࡢ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡶ࡙࠸࡚
᪤ᚓࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୗᙜヱ 㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ 2006 ᖺᮇ2,126௳ࠊ2007ᖺኟᮇ2,121௳ࡢ᭷
ຠᅇ⟅ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸦᭷ຠᅇ⟅⋡ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ
21.2%ࠊ17.7%㸧ࠋୗ⑩ᝈࡢ᭷⋡ࡣ
ᮇࡀ3.3%㸦70㸭2,126ே㸧ࠊኟᮇࡀ3.5%㸦74 㸭2,121ே㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⾲㸯㸧ࠋ
ᮇㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ᭷⪅ᩘࡣ70ேࠊ་⒪ᶵ㛵
ཷデ⪅ᩘࡣ27ே࡛࠶ࡾࠊኟᮇㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ᭷
⪅ᩘࡣ74ேࠊ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⪅ᩘࡣ23ே࡛
࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⾲㸯㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᐑᇛ┴ࡢ
ேཱྀᖺ㱋ศᕸ࡛⿵ṇࡋࡓᚋ⤫ྜࡋࠊ࣮࣋
ࢱศᕸࢆ௬ᐃࡋ࡚ࣔࢹࣝᑟධࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ
་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⋡ࡢᖹᆒ್ࡣ 32.0%࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸯Ѹ㸱㸬ᐑᇛ┴࡛ࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⪅ࡢ᳨
౽ᐇ⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃ
ᅇ⏝࠸ࡓ᥎ᐃ್ࡣࠊ2006ࠊ2007ᖺࡢ2 ᅇࡢ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡶ࡙࠸࡚᪤
ᚓࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ୖグ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࠊᮇㄪᰝ࡛
ࡣୗ⑩ࡼࡿ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⪅ᩘࡣ27ேࠊ
᳨౽ᐇ⪅ᩘࡣ4ேࠊኟᮇㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ་⒪ᶵ 㛵ཷデ⪅ᩘࡣ23ேࠊ᳨౽ᐇ⪅ᩘࡣ2ே࡛
࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⾲㸯㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆேཱྀᖺ㱋
ศᕸ࡛⿵ṇࡋࡓᚋ⤫ྜࡋࠊ࣮࣋ࢱศᕸࢆ
௬ᐃࡋ࡚ࣔࢹࣝᑟධࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊ᳨౽ᐇ
⋡ࡢᖹᆒ್ࡣ10.9%࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸯Ѹ㸲㸬ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿୗ⑩ᝈࡼ
ࡿᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ
ୖグ᳨࡛ウࡋࡓ✀ࠎࡢಀᩘࢆ⏝࠸࡚᥎ᐃ ࡋࡓᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿୗ⑩ᝈࡼࡿᐇᝈ
⪅ᩘࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ⾲㸰♧ࡋࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸯Ѹ㸳㸬ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩
ᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࡑࡢ㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅ሗ࿌ᩘ
ࡢẚ㍑
ୖグ࡛᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࡣࣄࢺ
̾ࣄࢺឤᰁࠊື≀ࡢ᥋ゐឤᰁ➼ࠊ㣗ရ⏤᮶
࡛࡞࠸ࡶࡢࢆཎᅉࡍࡿ⿕ᐖࡀከࡃྵࡲࢀ
࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁࡢᝈ⪅ᩘࡢᢕᥱࡣ
᭦࡞ࡿ᥎ᐃࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⡿ᅜࡢMeadࡽ ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣ⳦✀ࡈ㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁࡢྜ
ࢆCampylobacterࡣ80%ࠊSalmonellaࡣ 95%ࠊVibrio parahaemolyticus ࡣ 65%
᥎ᐃࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢ್ࢆ⏝࠸
࡚㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ⾲㸰♧ࡋࡓࠋ2007ᖺࡢVibrio parahaemolyticus 㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅ሗ࿌ᩘ 627
ேࡢ࠺ࡕ620ேࡣ1௳ࡢ࢘ࢺࣈࣞࢡࡢ ᝈ⪅࡛࠶ࡾࠊᐑᇛ┴ࢆྵࡴᮾ᪥ᮏ1㒔7┴ ࡢᝈ⪅ࢆࠊཎᅉ㣗ရࡢ〇㐀ᴗᡤࡢᡤᅾᆅ
࡛࠶ࡗࡓᐑᇛ┴ࡀࡾࡲࡵ࡚ሗ࿌ࡋࡓࡶ
ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2007 ᖺᐑᇛ┴ෆ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ Vibrio parahaemolyticusᝈ⪅ࡢሗ࿌ᩘࡣࠊ ᙜヱ࢘ࢺࣈࣞࢡᝈ⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕᐑᇛ┴እࡢ 610ྡࢆ㝖እࡋࡓ10ேࡑࢀ௨እࡢ7ேࡢ
ྜィ17ே࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸯Ѹ㸴㸬ᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ 2016 ᖺኟࠊ
2014ᖺኟ࠾ࡼࡧ2009ᖺࡢ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ ࡢ⤖ᯝࡢᴫせ
2016ᖺኟࠊ2014ᖺኟ࠾ࡼࡧ2009ᖺ
ᅜࢆᑐ㇟⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝ
ࡘ࠸࡚௨ୗグ㍕ࡍࡿ㸦⾲㸯㸧ࠋ
2016ᖺ7᭶22᪥㹼8᭶23᪥ࠊ2014ᖺ 7᭶11᪥㹼8᭶3᪥ࠊ2009ᖺ12᭶5᪥ࠥ
12᭶24᪥ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀ⣙3㐌㛫ᅜ⣙2
3༓ேࠊ⣙13༓ேࠊ⣙12༓ேࢆ
ᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ୗ⑩㛵ࡍࡿ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡀ
⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋ᭷ຠᅇ⟅⋡ࡣ 2016 ᖺㄪᰝࡀ 13.3%㸦3,020 ௳㸧ࠊ2014 ᖺㄪᰝࡀ 15.2%
㸦2,039௳㸧ࠊ2009ᖺㄪᰝࡀ16.9%㸦2,077
௳㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ୗ⑩᭷⪅ᩘࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ96ே㸦2016㸧ࠊ 90ே㸦2014㸧ࠊ77ே㸦2009㸧࡛ࠊᚑࡗ࡚ୗ
⑩᭷⋡ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ 3.2%ࠊ4.4%ࠊ3.7%
࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸯Ѹ㸵㸬ᐑᇛ┴ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࢆ⏝࠸
ࡓᅜࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ࠾ࡼ
ࡧࡑࡢᅜࡢ㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅ሗ࿌ᩘࡢẚ㍑
ୖ㏙ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ࠊᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ 2006ࠊ 2007 ᖺࡢ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࠊ2009ࠊ2014ࠊ 2016 ᖺࡢᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ࡛
ୗ⑩᭷⋡ࡀᅜࡢ᪉ࡀᐑᇛ┴ࡼࡾᴫࡡ 㧗࠸⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸦⾲㸯㸧ࡇࡽࠊᐑ ᇛ┴ࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡽேཱྀẚ࡛ᅜࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࢆ
⟬ฟࡋ࡚ࡶ㐣᥎ᐃࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡽ
ࢀࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ᥎ᐃ㣗ရ⏤
᮶ᝈ⪅ᩘ㸦⾲㸰㸧ࠊᐑᇛ┴ᅜࡢேཱྀ
ẚࢆࡎࡿࡇ࡛ᅜ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦⾲㸳㸧ࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸰㸬ᅜࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࢡࢸࣈࢧ࣮࣋
ࣛࣥࢫࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢᅜࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩
ᝈᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ
㸰Ѹ㸰Ѹ㸯㸬ྛ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢ᥎ ᐃ
ᅜࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ࡢᐇᝈ⪅ᩘᢕᥱ
ྥࡅ࡚ࠊẸ㛫᳨ᰝᶵ㛵3♫ࡢ⳦᳨ฟࢹ࣮ࢱ
ࢆࡶ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
ᮏᖺᗘࡶࡇࢀࡲ࡛ EHEC ᳨ฟᩘ࡛᥎ᐃ
ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡶྍ⬟࡞㝈ࡾEHEC O157 ᳨ฟᩘࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋLSI
࣓ࢹ࢚ࣥࢫࡢ2009ᖺ࠾ࡼࡧ2010ᖺࡢࢹ
࣮ࢱࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊEHEC O157ࡢ᳨ฟᩘࢹ
࣮ࢱࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵࡇࢀࡽࡢᖺࡢ࢝
ࣂ࣮⋡ࡣEHECࡢ᳨ฟᩘ౫ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸰Ѹ㸰㸬ᅜ࠾ࡅࡿᖺ㛫⳦᳨ฟᩘࡢ᥎ ᐃ
Ẹ㛫᳨ᰝᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿ⳦᳨ฟᩘ⾲㸱♧
ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ᳨ฟᩘྛ♫ࡢ᥎ᐃ࢝ࣂ࣮
⋡ࡢྜィࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᅜ࠾ࡅࡿᖺ㛫⳦᳨
ฟᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆ⾲㸱♧
ࡋࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸰Ѹ㸱㸬ᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩
ᝈࡢᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ
ᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓୗ⑩㛵ࡍࡿ㟁ヰఫ Ẹㄪᰝࡣ2009ᖺ2014ᖺኟࡢ2ᅇ⾜ࢃ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣ2016ᖺኟࡢᅜࢆᑐ㇟
ࡋࡓ㟁ヰㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦⾲㸯㸧ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡇ
ࢀࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᅜࡢேཱྀᖺ㱋ศᕸ࡛⿵ṇ ᚋࠊ⤫ྜࡋࠊ࣮࣋ࢱศᕸࢆ௬ᐃࡋ࡚ࣔࢹࣝ
ᑟධࡋࠊᅜࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⋡࠾ࡼࡧ᳨
౽ᐇ⋡ࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᅜࡢ་
⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⋡ࡣ 25.5%ࠊᅜࡢ᳨౽ᐇ⋡
ࡣ4.8%ࡑࢀࡒࢀ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸦ᅗ㸯ࠊ㸰㸧ࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᅜ࠾ࡅࡿୗ⑩ᝈ ࡢᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋ
᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓ3⳦ࡢᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢᖹᆒ್ࡣ᥎
ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆ⾲㸱♧ࡋࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸱㸬JANIS ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢᅜࡢ㣗ရ⏤
᮶ୗ⑩ᝈᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ
㸰Ѹ㸱Ѹ㸯㸬EHECሗ࿌ᩘࡼࡿ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢ ᥎ᐃ
JANISࡢ2008㹼2015ᖺࡢEHECሗ࿌ᩘ
ឤᰁἲࡼࡿࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᖺࡢEHEC ᅜᒆࡅฟᩘ㸦ᩘሗ࿌ࠊ᭷㸧ࡢẚ
㍑ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡼࡾ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸱Ѹ㸰㸬 EHECሗ࿌ᩘࡼࡾ᥎ᐃࡋࡓ࢝
ࣂ࣮⋡ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᅜࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵࠾ࡅࡿᖺ 㛫⳦᳨ฟᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ
CampylobacterࠊSalmonellaࠊVibrio para haemolyticusࡢ3 ⳦ࡢྛᖺࡢJANIS᳨ฟᩘ
ࢆྛᖺࡢ᥎ᐃ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡࡛㝖ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ᅜ ࡢᖺ㛫᳨ฟᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ⾲㸲
♧ࡋࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸱Ѹ㸱㸬JANISࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ
⑩ᝈࡢᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ
2009 ᖺࠊ2014 ᖺኟࠊ2016 ᖺኟࡢᅜ
ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓୗ⑩㛵ࡍࡿ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝ
⤖ᯝࡽᅜࡢୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ
⋡ࡢᖹᆒ್ࡣ 25.5%ࠊཷデ⪅ࡢ᳨౽ᐇ⋡
ࡢᖹᆒ್ࡣ4.8%ࡑࢀࡒࢀ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸦ᅗ 㸯ࠊᅗ㸰㸧ࠋ
ᅜ࠾ࡅࡿୗ⑩ᝈࡢᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࠊ㣗 ရ⏤᮶ᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ⾲㸲♧ࡋࡓࠋ
㸰Ѹ㸲㸬ྛࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢ᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝ┦ẚ㍑
ᐑᇛ┴ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢ᥎ᐃ࡛ࡣᅜࣞ࣋ࣝ
࡛ࠊCampylobacter࡛ࡣ⣙370㹼680ಸࠊ
Salmonella ࡛ ࡣ ⣙ 25㹼330 ಸ ࠊVibrio parahaemolyticus࡛ࡣ⣙ 40㹼200 ಸࡢᝈ
⪅ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㸦⾲
㸳㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊ11 ᖺ㛫ࡢྛ⳦ࡢ᥎ᐃᝈ⪅ᩘ
ሗ ࿌ ᝈ ⪅ ᩘ ࡢ ⤒ ᖺ ኚ ࡣ Vibrio parahaemolyticus ࡢሙྜࢆ㝖࠸࡚࠸
㐃ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡣゝ࠼ࡎࠊ㣗୰ẘ⤫ィࡢሗ
࿌ᩘࡔࡅ࡛ᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢኚືࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ
ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
10 ᖺ㛫㸦2006㹼2015ᖺ㸧ࡢᅜࣞ࣋ࣝ
ࡢࢡࢸࣈࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢹ࣮ࢱࡽྠ
ᵝୖグ3⳦㉳ᅉࡍࡿᅜࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ
⑩ᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋᅜࡢ㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅ሗ
࿌ᩘẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊCampylobacter࡛ ࡣ⣙3,000㹼5,600ಸࠊSalmonella࡛ࡣ⣙
580㹼3,000 ಸࠊVibrio parahaemolyticus
࡛ࡣ⣙ 220㹼1,800 ಸࡢᝈ⪅ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸦⾲㸳㸧ࠋᐑᇛ┴ࢹ࣮ࢱ
ࡽࡢᅜ᥎ᐃẚ㍑ࡋࡓሙྜࡣ 5.6㹼19 ಸ⛬ᗘࡢ㐪࠸࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᐑᇛ┴ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽ
ࡢ᥎ᐃࡢሙྜྠᵝࠊ2015ᖺࡣᅜࢹ࣮ࢱ
ࡽ᥎ᐃࡋࡓ Salmonella ࡢ᥎ᐃ㣗ရ⏤᮶ ᝈ⪅ᩘࡀ 2014 ᖺẚ࡚ࡁࡃኚࡋ࡚
࠾ࡽࡎࠊᅜࡢ㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅ሗ࿌ᩘࡢືྥ
ࡣ㐃ືࡋ࡚࠸࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
JANIS ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢ᥎ᐃ࡛ࡣ 8 ᖺ㛫 㸦2008㹼2015ᖺ㸧ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡽྠᵝୖグ 3 ⳦㉳ᅉࡍࡿᅜࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᐇᝈ
⪅ᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋᅜࡢ㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅ሗ࿌ᩘẚ
㍑ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࢁ ࠊCampylobacter ࡛ ࡣ ⣙ 2,200㹼6,400 ಸࠊSalmonella ࡛ࡣ⣙ 580 㹼8,700ಸࠊVibrio parahaemolyticus࡛ࡣ
⣙ 310㹼1,900 ಸࡢᝈ⪅ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ
⬟ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸦⾲㸳㸧ࠋᐑᇛ┴ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽ
ࡢᅜ᥎ᐃẚ㍑ࡋࡓሙྜࡣ 6.1㹼58.8 ಸ
⛬ᗘࠊᅜࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢ᥎ᐃ࡛ࡣ 0.6㹼5.6
ಸ⛬ᗘࡢ㐪࠸࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㸰㸬࠙␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᢕᥱࠚ
㸯㸬ᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᴫせ 㸦ㄪᰝ⚊㸯⥲ᩘ㸧
౫㢗ࡋࡓྛ㒔㐨ᗓ┴ࠊಖᡤタ⨨ᕷࠊ≉
ู༊ࠊ 142 ⮬యࡢ࠺ࡕ 127 ⮬య 㸦89%㸧ࡽᅇ⟅ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ
ࢆࡲࡵࡓゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㣗ရࡢΰධ␗
≀ࡢⱞࡣ⣙3ᖺ㛫࡛ྜィ14,379௳ሗ
࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦H26ᖺᗘ5,255ࠊH27 ᖺᗘ5,876ࠊH28ᖺᗘ3,248ࠋࡓ ࡔࡋH28ࡣ11᭶ࡲ࡛㸧ࠊ␗≀ࡋ࡚ࡣࠕࠖ
ࡀ᭱ࡶከࡃࠊయࡢ 23.7%ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ேẟࠖ㸦10.9%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗
≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦10.8%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ
⬡ࠖ㸦8.5%㸧ࡶከࡃሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋH26ࠊ H27ࠊH28 ࡢྛᖺᗘ㛫࡛␗≀ศ㢮ࡢෆヂ
ࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸯㸧ࠋ ḟ⥲ᩘࡢ࠺ࡕ㣗ရศ㢮ูࡢ௳ᩘࢆ㞟ィ ࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊ୍␒ከ࠸ࡢࡣࠕㄪ⌮῭ࡳ㣗ရࠖ
㸦47.0%㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡘ࠸࡛ࠕⳫᏊ㢮ࠖ㸦15.0%㸧ࠊ ࠕ㎰⏘ຍᕤရࠖ㸦8.6㸣㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ␗≀ศ 㢮ࡢሙྜྠᵝࠊH26ࠊH27ࠊH28 ࡢྛᖺ ᗘ㛫࡛㣗ရศ㢮ࡢෆヂࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡣぢࡽ
ࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸰㸧ࠋ
ࡉࡽ㣗ရศ㢮ูΰධ␗≀ࡢෆヂࢆ㞟 ィࡋࡓࡇࢁ㸦࡚3ᖺศࡢྜィ㸧ࠊࠕỈ⏘
㣗ရ࡛ࠖከࡗࡓࡢࡣࠕᐤ⏕̾ࡑࡢࠖ
㸦23.7%㸧ࠊࠕᐤ⏕̾ࢽࢧ࢟ࢫࠖ㸦14.8%㸧ࠊ ࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦10.4%㸧ࠊࠕື≀ᛶ␗
≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦5.9%㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕỈ⏘ຍᕤရࠖ
࡛ ከ ࡗ ࡓ ࡢ ࡣ ࠕ 㖔 ≀ ᛶ ␗ ≀ ̾ 㔠 ᒓ ࠖ 㸦13.5%㸧ࠊࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦10.2%㸧ࠊ ࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦10.2%㸧࡛࠶
ࡗࡓࠋࠕ␆⏘㣗ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ
㸦16.0%㸧ࠊࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦11.4%㸧ࠊ ࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦7.9%㸧ࡀከ
ࡗࡓࠋࠕ␆⏘ຍᕤရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ே
ẟࠖ㸦10.4%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ
㸦11.6%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ㎰⏘㣗ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ
̾ࡑࡢࡢࠖ㸦33.6%㸧ࠊࠕ̾༸࣭ᗂ࣭
⻈ࠖ㸦11.9%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦6.1%㸧 ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ㎰⏘ຍᕤရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ̾ࡑࡢ
ࡢ ࠖ㸦16.4%㸧ࠊࠕ 㖔 ≀ ᛶ ␗ ≀ ̾ 㔠 ᒓ ࠖ 㸦9.8%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦8.4%㸧ࠊ ࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ேẟࠖ㸦7.6%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ ࠕⳫᏊ㢮࡛ࠖࡣࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦13.0%㸧ࠊ ࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ேẟࠖ㸦12.7%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡
㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦10.1%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ㣧
ᩱ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ̾ࡑࡢࡢࠖ㸦11.0%㸧ࠊࠕ̾
ࣁ࢚ࠖ㸦7.7%㸧ࠊࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ㸦6.6%㸧ࠊࠕྜ
ᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦6.1%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ ࠕἜ⬡࡛ࠖࡣࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ㸦44.4%㸧ࠕື
≀ᛶ␗≀̾ேẟࠖ㸦33.3%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ
⾲3I㸧ࠋࠕㄪ⌮῭ࡳ㣗ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾
ேẟࠖ㸦13.5%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦11.1%㸧ࠊ ࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࠖ㸦9.9%㸧ࠊࠕ̾ࡑࡢ
ࡢࠖ㸦8.4%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ
㸦8.2%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ༙⳯〇ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕྜ
ᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࠖ㸦12.9%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗
≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦12.9%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ
⬡ࠖ㸦11.6%㸧ࠊࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ㸦11.0%㸧ࡀከ
ࡗࡓࠋࠕࡑࡢࡢ㣗ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ̾ࡑࡢ
ࡢࠖ㸦17.7%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ
㸦10.5%㸧ࠊࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ㸦10.7%㸧ࠊࠕື≀
ᛶ␗≀̾ேẟࠖ㸦10.3%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ
㸰㸬ᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᴫせ 㸦ㄪᰝ⚊㸯ᴗᡤ㸧
㸦A㸧14,379 ௳ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊᴗᡤ࡛
ࡢΰධࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓ㸦ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡶࡢࢆྵ
ࡴ㸧㸦B㸧ࡣ4,519௳㸦31.4%㸧࡛࠶ࡗ ࡓ㸦H26ᖺᗘ1,674௳ࠊH27ᖺᗘ1,841௳ࠊ H28ᖺᗘ1,004௳ࠋࡓࡔࡋH28ࡣ11᭶ࡲ
࡛㸧ࠋᴗᡤ࡛ࡢࡢΰධ␗≀ࡋ࡚ࡣ ࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦12.0%㸧ࠊࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍
㒊 ࠖ㸦10.0%㸧ࠊࠕ ྜ ᡂ ᶞ ⬡ 㢮 ̾ ࣅ ࢽ ࣮ ࣝ ࠖ 㸦9.8%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦9.5%㸧ࠊ ࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ேẟࠖ㸦8.7%㸧ࠊࠕ̾ࡑࡢࡢ
ࠖ㸦7.6%㸧ࠊࠕ̾ࢦ࢟ࣈࣜࠖ㸦5.4%㸧ࡢ㡰
ከࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓH26ࠊH27ࠊH28ࡢྛᖺ ᗘ㛫࡛␗≀ศ㢮ࡢෆヂࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡣぢࡽ
ࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸱㸧ࠋ
ḟᴗᡤ㸦B㸧ࡢ㣗ရศ㢮ูࡢ௳ᩘ
ࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊ୍␒ከ࠸ࡢࡣࠕㄪ⌮῭
ࡳ㣗ရࠖ㸦53.2%㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡘ࠸࡛ࠕⳫᏊ㢮ࠖ
㸦17.2%㸧ࠊࠕ㎰⏘ຍᕤရࠖ㸦8.3㸣㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
␗≀ศ㢮ࡢሙྜྠᵝࠊH26ࠊH27ࠊH28 ࡢྛᖺᗘ㛫࡛㣗ရศ㢮ࡢෆヂࡁ࡞㐪࠸
ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸲㸧ࠋ
㣗ရศ㢮ูΰධ␗≀ࡢෆヂࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓ
ࡇࢁ㸦࡚3ᖺศࡢྜィ㸧ࠊࠕỈ⏘㣗ရࠖ
࡛ከࡗࡓࡢࡣࠕᐤ⏕̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦24.0%㸧ࠊ ࠕᐤ⏕̾ࢽࢧ࢟ࢫࠖ㸦20.7%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ
␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦13.2%㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕỈ⏘ຍᕤ ရ࡛ࠖከࡗࡓࡢࡣࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ
㸦12.8%㸧ࠊࠕ ྜ ᡂ ᶞ ⬡ 㢮 ̾ ࡑ ࡢ ᶞ ⬡ ࠖ 㸦10.4%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦9.8%㸧ࠊࠕ㣗 ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ㸦9.8%㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕ␆⏘㣗ရࠖ
࡛ࡣࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦17.0%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔
≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦12.9%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࣅ
ࢽ࣮ࣝࠖ㸦10.2%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ␆⏘ຍᕤ ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ㸦16.3%㸧ࠊࠕື≀ᛶ
␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦15.4%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢ
ᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦10.6%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ㎰⏘㣗ရࠖ
࡛ࡣࠕ̾ࡑࡢࡢࠖ㸦23.1%㸧ࠊࠕ̾༸࣭
ᗂ࣭⻈ࠖ㸦10.3%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ
せ 㸦ㄪᰝ⚊㸯ᴗᡤ㸧
㸦10.3%㸧ࠊࠕ᳜≀ᛶ␗≀ࠖ㸦9.0%㸧ࡀከࡗ ࡓࠋࠕ㎰⏘ຍᕤရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ̾ࡑࡢࡢࠖ
㸦14.2%㸧ࠊࠕ ྜ ᡂ ᶞ ⬡ 㢮 ̾ ࡑ ࡢ ᶞ ⬡ ࠖ 㸦10.4%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦10.2%㸧ࠊ ࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ㸦9.1%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕⳫᏊ 㢮࡛ࠖࡣࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦13.4%㸧ࠊࠕື
≀ᛶ␗≀̾ேẟࠖ㸦13.4%㸧ࠊࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ
㸦13.4%㸧ࠊࠕ ྜ ᡂ ᶞ ⬡ 㢮 ̾ ࡑ ࡢ ᶞ ⬡ ࠖ 㸦10.7%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ㣧ᩱ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ̾
ࢦ࢟ࣈࣜࠖ㸦12.4%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢ
ᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦9.3%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕㄪ⌮῭ࡳ㣗ရࠖ
࡛ࡣࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࣅࢽ࣮ࣝࠖ㸦13.1%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔
≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦12.8%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑ ࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦9.3%㸧ࠊࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ㸦9.2%㸧 ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ༙⳯〇ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ
⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦18.0%㸧ࠊࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ
㸦16.0%㸧ࠊࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ேẟࠖ㸦14.0%㸧ࡀ ከࡗࡓࠋࠕࡑࡢࡢ㣗ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ̾ࡑࡢ
ࡢࠖ㸦15.1%㸧ࠊࠕ㣗ရࡢ୍㒊ࠖ㸦11.8%㸧ࠊ ࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦10.9%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡
㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦10.1%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ
㸱㸬◳㉁␗≀ࡢΰධᐇែ㸦ㄪᰝ⚊㸰㸧 ㄪᰝ⚊㸰ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡘ࠸࡚㞟ィ࣭ゎᯒࢆ
⾜ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝ⚊㸰ࡽ◳㉁ุ᩿ࡉࢀࡿ␗
≀ࡀᴗᡤ࡛ΰධࡋࡓࡢ௳ᩘࡣ 1,524
௳࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦H26 ᖺᗘ 330 ௳ࠊH27 ᖺᗘ 750௳ࠊH28ᖺᗘ444௳ࠋࡓࡔࡋH28ࡣ 11 ᭶ࡲ࡛㸧ࠋᴗᡤ࡛ࡢࡍ࡚ࡢ␗≀ΰධ
㸦4,519௳㸧ࡢ33.7%┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋ 1,524 ௳ࡢΰධ␗≀ࡢෆヂ࡛ࡣࠕ㖔≀ᛶ
␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦40.0%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢ
ᶞ ⬡ ࠖ㸦23.4%㸧ࠊࠕ ື ≀ ᛶ ␗ ≀ ̾ ࡑ ࡢ ࠖ 㸦15.0%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ H26ࠊH27ࠊ H28ࡢྛᖺᗘ࡛␗≀ศ㢮ࡢෆヂࡁ࡞㐪
࠸ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸳㸧ࠋ1,524௳ࡢ
㣗ရศ㢮ูෆヂࡣࠊ୍␒ከ࠸ࡢࡣࠕㄪ⌮῭
ࡳ㣗ရࠖ㸦54.5%㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡘ࠸࡛ࠕⳫᏊ㢮ࠖ
㸦17.4%㸧ࠊࠕ㎰⏘ຍᕤရࠖ㸦9.6㸣㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
␗≀ศ㢮ࡢሙྜྠᵝࠊH26ࠊH27ࠊH28 ࡢྛᖺᗘ࡛㣗ရศ㢮ࡢෆヂࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡣ ぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸴㸧ࠋ
ᴗᡤ࡛◳㉁␗≀ࡀΰධࡋࡓ㛵ࡋ
࡚㣗ရศ㢮ูΰධ␗≀ࡢෆヂࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓ
ࡇࢁ㸦࡚3ᖺศࡢྜィ㸧ࠊࠕỈ⏘㣗ရࠖ
࡛ ከ ࡗ ࡓ ࡢ ࡣ ࠕ 㖔 ≀ ᛶ ␗ ≀ ̾ 㔠 ᒓ ࠖ 㸦55.2%㸧ࠊࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦31.0%㸧
࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕỈ⏘ຍᕤရ࡛ࠖከࡗࡓࡢࡣࠕື
≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦33.3%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾
㔠ᒓࠖ㸦31.5%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ
㸦20.4%㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕ␆⏘㣗ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ㖔
≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦49.2%㸧ࠊࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑ ࡢࠖ㸦30.5%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ␆⏘ຍᕤရࠖ
࡛ࡣࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦29.6%㸧ࠊ ࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦24.1%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ
␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦18.5%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ㎰⏘㣗 ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦46.2%㸧ࠊ ࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦23.1%㸧ࠊࠕ᳜≀ᛶ␗
≀ࠖ㸦15.4%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ㎰⏘ຍᕤရࠖ
࡛ࡣࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦37.7%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂ ᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦23.3%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ ࠕⳫᏊ㢮࡛ࠖࡣࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦42.6%㸧ࠊ ࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦27.5%㸧ࡀከ
ࡗࡓࠋࠕ㣧ᩱ࡛ࠖࡣࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢ
ᶞ ⬡ ࠖ㸦37.0%㸧ࠊࠕ 㖔 ≀ ᛶ ␗ ≀ ̾ ࢞ ࣛ ࢫ ࠖ 㸦28.3%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦21.7%㸧ࡀ ከࡗࡓࠋࠕㄪ⌮῭ࡳ㣗ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗
≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦41.6%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ
⬡ࠖ㸦22.2%㸧ࠊࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦17.8%㸧 ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ༙⳯〇ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕື≀ᛶ␗
≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦33.3%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ
㸦27.8%㸧ࠊࠕ ྜ ᡂ ᶞ ⬡ 㢮 ̾ ࡑ ࡢ ᶞ ⬡ ࠖ
㸦27.8%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕࡑࡢࡢ㣗ရ࡛ࠖ
ࡣࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦75.0%㸧ࡀከࡗ ࡓࠋ
㸲㸬ᴗᡤ࡛◳㉁␗≀ࡀΰධࡋࡓ〇㐀ᕤ⛬
㸦ㄪᰝ⚊㸰㸧
ㄪᰝ⚊㸰ࡽ◳㉁␗≀ࡀࡢ〇㐀ᕤ⛬࡛
ΰධࡋࡓࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓࠋࠕ〇㐀ᕤ⛬᫂ࠖࡀ 488௳㸦32.0%㸧᭱ࡶከࡃ㸦ᅗ⾲㸵㸧ࠊࡑ ࡢᚋࡢゎᯒᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿ⪃࠼ࠊࡇࢀ௨ 㝆ࠊ〇㐀ᕤ⛬㛵ࡍࡿゎᯒࡣࠕ᫂ࠖࢆ㝖
࠸ࡓ1,036 ௳࡛⾜࠺ࡇࡋࡓࠋ◳㉁␗≀
ΰධయࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ␗≀ΰධᕤ⛬ࡋ
࡚ࠕཎᮦᩱࠖ㸦28.2%㸧ࠊࠕຍ⇕ᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦19.5%㸧ࠊ ࠕ┒ࡾࡅࠖ㸦17.6%㸧ࠊࠕࡑࡢࠖ㸦11.9%㸧ࠊ ࠕ࢝ࢵࢺᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦10.1%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲
㸶㸧ࠋ
ࡉࡽ㣗ရศ㢮ูࡢΰධ〇㐀ᕤ⛬ࡢෆヂ
ࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓࡇࢁ㸦࡚3ᖺศࡢྜィ㸧ࠊࠕỈ
⏘㣗ရ࡛ࠖከࡗࡓࡢࡣࠕཎᮦᩱࠖ㸦75.0%㸧ࠊ
ࠕ࢝ࢵࢺᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦20.8%㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕỈ
⏘ ຍ ᕤ ရ ࠖ ࡛ ከ ࡗ ࡓ ࡢ ࡣ ࠕ ཎ ᮦ ᩱ ࠖ 㸦63.9%㸧ࠊࠕ࢝ࢵࢺᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦13.9%㸧࡛࠶
ࡗࡓࠋࠕ␆⏘㣗ရ࡛ࠖከࡗࡓࡢࡣࠕ࢝ࢵ
ࢺᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦44.7%㸧ࠊࠕཎᮦᩱࠖ㸦39.5%㸧࡛࠶
ࡗࡓࠋࠕ␆⏘ຍᕤရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕཎᮦᩱࠖ㸦38.9%㸧ࠊ ࠕ┒ࡾࡅࠖ㸦33.3%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ㎰⏘
㣗ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕཎᮦᩱࠖ㸦57.1%㸧ࠊࠕ┒ࡾࡅࠖ
㸦28.6%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ㎰⏘ຍᕤရ࡛ࠖࡣ ࠕཎᮦᩱࠖ㸦27.2%㸧ࠊࠕຍ⇕ᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦16.3%㸧ࠊ ࠕ ┒ ࡾ ࡅ ࠖ㸦13.0%㸧ࠊࠕ ࢝ ࢵ ࢺ ᕤ ⛬ ࠖ 㸦12.0%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕⳫᏊ㢮࡛ࠖࡣࠕΰ ࡐࡿᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦21.2%㸧ࠊࠕຍ⇕ᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦21.2%㸧ࠊ ࠕ┒ࡾࡅࠖ㸦13.5%㸧ࠊࠕཎᮦᩱࠖ㸦11.2%㸧 ࡀ ከ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋࠕ 㣧 ᩱ ࠖ ࡛ ࡣ ࠕ ┒ ࡾ ࡅ ࠖ 㸦41.7%㸧ࠊࠕΰࡐࡿᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦22.2%㸧ࡀከ
ࡗ ࡓ ࠋࠕ ㄪ ⌮ ῭ ࡳ 㣗 ရ ࠖ ࡛ ࡣ ࠕ ཎ ᮦ ᩱ ࠖ 㸦28.6%㸧ࠊࠕຍ⇕ᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦25.0%㸧ࠊࠕ┒ࡾ
ࡅࠖ㸦18.9%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕ༙⳯〇ရࠖ
࡛ࡣࠕཎᮦᩱࠖ㸦70.0%㸧ࠊࡀከࡗࡓࠋࠕࡑ ࡢࡢ㣗ရ࡛ࠖࡣࠕ┒ࡾࡅࠖ㸦50.0%㸧ࠊࠕຍ
⇕ᕤ⛬ࠖ㸦33.3%㸧ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ
㸳㸬ᗣ⿕ᐖࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ࠾ࡅࡿ␗
≀ࡢ✀㢮㸦ㄪᰝ⚊㸰㸧
◳㉁␗≀㝈ࡽࡎᗣ⿕ᐖࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ
ࡣࠊᴗᡤ࠾ࡅࡿΰධ4,519௳
୰236௳࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࢆ㞟ィࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ
␗ ≀ ࡋ ࡚ ࡣ ࠕ ື ≀ ᛶ ␗ ≀ ̾ ࡑ ࡢ ࠖ 㸦24.2%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦20.8%㸧ࠊ ࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦19.1%㸧ࡀ✺
ฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸷㸧ࠋ◳㉁␗≀㝈ࡿࠊ ࠕື≀ᛶ␗≀̾ࡑࡢࠖ㸦26.6%㸧ࠊࠕ㖔≀ᛶ
␗≀̾㔠ᒓࠖ㸦22.9%㸧ࠊࠕྜᡂᶞ⬡㢮̾ࡑࡢ
ᶞ⬡ࠖ㸦19.6%㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸯㸮㸧ࠋ
㸴㸬◳㉁␗≀ΰධ࠾ࡅࡿΰධ␗≀ࡢ
ࡁࡉ㸦ㄪᰝ⚊㸰㸧
◳㉁␗≀ΰධ㸦1,524 ௳㸧ࡢ࠺ࡕ␗
≀ࡢࡁࡉࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ825௳ࡘ࠸࡚㞟 ィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ␗≀ࡢࡁࡉࡣ᭱㎶ࡢ㛗ࡉ
ࢆࡑࡢࡁࡉࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ୍␒ከ
ࡗࡓࡢࡣ10.0㹼19.9mm㸦32.0%㸧࡛ࠊḟ࠸
࡛ 0㹼9.9mm㸦29.3%㸧ࠊ20.0㹼29.9mm 㸦17.8%㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸯㸯㸧ࠋ
㸵㸬ᗣ⿕ᐖࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ࠾ࡅࡿ␗
≀ࡢヲ⣽㸦ㄪᰝ⚊㸰㸧
ᗣ⿕ᐖࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡋ࡚ㄪᰝ⚊ 2 ሗ࿌ࡉࢀࡓ236௳ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ◳㉁␗≀214௳
࠾ࡼࡧࡑࢀ௨እࡢ␗≀ࡼࡿࡶࡢ 22 ௳
ࡘ࠸࡚␗≀ࡢヲ⣽ࢆᢳฟࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ
≉ᗣ⿕ᐖࡀከࡗࡓ◳㉁␗≀ࡋ࡚ࠊ ࠕࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ∦ࠖࠊࠕ࢞ࣛࢫ∦ࠖࠊࠕ㔠 ࡓࢃࡋ࣭ࣈࣛࢩࠖࠊࠕ㫽ࡢ㦵ࠖࠊࠕ㨶ࡢ㦵ࠖ
ࡀぢࡽࢀࠊ◳㉁࡛ࡣ࡞࠸␗≀ࡼࡿᗣ⿕
ᐖࡣࠕࣅࢽ࣮ࣝ∦ࠖࠊࠕ㍯ࢦ࣒ࠖࠊࠕྜᡂ ᶞ⬡∦㸦ᰂࡽ࠸ࡶࡢ㸧ࠖࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶
ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ⾲㸯㸰㸧ࠋ
㹂⪃ᐹ
㸯㸬࠙㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࠚ ᐑᇛ┴ࡢ⮫ᗋ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢ㣗 ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ࡛ࡣࠊ 2005㹼2015ᖺࡢ11ᖺ㛫ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ᥎ᐃ㣗 ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࡣ㣗୰ẘ⤫ィࡸཎᚤ
⏕≀᳨ฟሗ࡛ࡢሗ࿌ᩘࡼࡾᖜከ࠸ࡇ
ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ᥎ᐃ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩
ᝈ⪅ᩘ㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅ሗ࿌ᩘࡢ⤒ᖺኚࡀ Vibrio parahaemolyticus ࡢሙྜࢆ㝖࠸࡚
࠸㐃ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࡇࡽࠊ
⌧⾜ࡢ㣗୰ẘ࠾ࡼࡧཎᚤ⏕≀㛵ࡍࡿሗ
࿌ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡼࡗ࡚㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ࡢᐇᝈ
⪅ᩘࢆṇ☜ᢕᥱࡋࠊ⤒ᖺኚື➼ࢆホ౯ࡍ
ࡿࡇࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ 2011 ᖺࡽࡣᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿẸ 㛫᳨ᰝᶵ㛵3♫㸦ᖺࡼࡗ࡚♫ᩘࡣ␗࡞ࡿ㸧
ࡽ 2006 ᖺ௨㝆ࡢᅜࡢ⳦᳨ฟࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ
㞟ࡋࠊࡇࢀࢆࡶᅜࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩
ᝈᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࡶ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᐑᇛ
┴ࡢሙྜྠᵝࠊ2006㹼2015ᖺࡢㄪᰝᮇ㛫
ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚᥎ᐃ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࡣ㣗୰
ẘ⤫ィࡸཎᚤ⏕≀᳨ฟሗ࡛ࡢሗ࿌ᩘࡼ
ࡾᖜከ࠸ࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ
ᮏᖺᗘࡶᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓẸ㛫᳨ᰝᶵ㛵 3♫ࡢఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࢆEHEC O157ࡢ᳨ฟ
ᩘࡼࡾ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋEHEC O157㛵ࡋ࡚
ࡣ࡚ࡢ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵࠾࠸᳨࡚యࡘ࠸࡚
᳨ᰝࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊEHECࡢ᳨ฟᩘẚ
࡚ࡼࡾṇ☜࡞࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ
⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2014ᖺ௨๓ࡘ
࠸࡚ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࡂࡾEHEC O157ࡢ᳨ฟᩘ
ࡼࡾఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࢆồࡵࠊࡇࢀࡼࡾ᥎ ᐃᝈ⪅ᩘࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓࠋ
ᅜࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢᅜࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩
᥎ᐃᝈ⪅ᩘࡣࠊᐑᇛ┴ࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢேཱྀẚ
ࡼ ࡿ ᅜ ᥎ ᐃ ⤖ ᯝ ẚ ㍑ ࡋ ࡚ ࠊ Campylobacter ࡛ ࡣ 7.5 㹼10.5 ಸ ࠊ Salmonella ࡛ ࡣ 9.3㹼23.0 ಸ ࠊVibrio parahaemolyticus࡛ࡣ5.4㹼15.7ಸࡢ㐪࠸
ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⾲㸳㸧ࠋᐑᇛ┴ᅜ࡛ୗ⑩
ᝈ᭷⋡ࡁ࡞ᕪࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸㸦⾲
㸯㸧ࡇࡽࠊࡇࡢ㐪࠸ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ᥎ᐃ
⏝࠸ࡓ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࠊ་⒪ᶵ㛵
ཷデ⋡ࠊ᳨౽ᐇ⋡࡞ࡼࡾ⏕ࡌࡓ⪃
࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃࡢ᪉ἲࡣࠊ ᐑᇛ┴ࡢ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡍࡿẸ㛫
᳨ᰝᶵ㛵࡛␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦๓⪅ࡣᑓ㛛ᐙ ࡢពぢࠊᚋ⪅ࡣEHEC O157ࡸEHECࡢ᳨
ฟᩘ㸧ࠋࡲࡓཷデ⋡ࠊ᳨౽⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃࡣࠊᐑᇛ
┴ࡢሙྜࠊ2006ᖺ2007ᖺ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㟁 ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡶ࡙࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀ
ᑐࡋᅜࡢሙྜࡣ2009ᖺࠊ2014ᖺࠊ2016 ᖺ⾜ࢃࢀࡓㄪᰝࡶ࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2006 㹼7ᖺ2009㹼2014ᖺࡉࡽࡣ2016ᖺ
ࡢ㛫᭷⪅ࡢ་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⾜ືࡸ་ᖌࡢ
᳨౽ᐇ⾜ືኚࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ
⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡞✀ࠎࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡢᅜᐑᇛ
┴࠾ࡅࡿ㐪࠸ࡀ┦ⓗస⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊୖ㏙
ࡢ㐪࠸ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ᅇࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘ᥎ᐃ࠾࠸
࡚ࠊᐑᇛ┴ࡢ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᑓ㛛ᐙ
ࡽࡢሗ࡛ఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡋ
ࡋᑓ㛛ᐙࡢሗࡣ☜ᐃ࡞せ⣲ࡀྵࡲࢀ
࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᐑᇛ┴ࡢ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢ ఫẸ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃ EHEC ᳨ฟᩘࡼ
ࡿᡭἲࢆヨࡳࡓࡀ᳨ฟᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࢝
ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢᖺࡈࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀࡁࡃ࡞ࡾࠊ ᥎ᐃ⏝࠸ࡿࡢࡣ⌧ᐇⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡽ
ࢀࡓࠋᅜࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࡢሙྜࡣ EHEC O157㸦ࡲࡓࡣEHEC㸧ࡢ᳨ฟᩘࡀ ᐑᇛ┴ࡢሙྜࡼࡾᖜከ࠸ࡓࡵࠊ᥎ᐃ⤖
ᯝࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡣᐑᇛ┴ࡢሙྜࡼࡾᑠࡉ࠸
⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ࡋ ࡋ ≉ ᐃ ᆅ ᇦ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ EHEC O157㸦ࡲࡓࡣEHEC㸧ࡼࡿつ ᶍ࢘ࢺࣈࣞࢡࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓሙྜࡣ࢝ࣂ࣮
⋡ࡢ᥎ᐃᙳ㡪ࡀฟࡿࡇࡀணࡉࢀࡿࠋ
」ᩘᖺࢃࡓࡿ࢝ࣂ࣮⋡ࡢᢕᥱ➼ࡼࡾࡑ ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᑡ࡞ࡃࡍࡿࡇࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ⪃
࠼ࡽࢀࠊᚋࡶ⥅⥆ࡋࡓࢡࢸࣈࢧ࣮࣋
ࣛࣥࢫࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᮏᖺᗘࡣ᪤Ꮡࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢹ࣮ࢱࡢά
⏝࠸࠺ぢᆅࡽ JANIS ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝
ࡋࡓ᥎ᐃࡶ⾜ࡗࡓࠋJANISࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࡢ᥎ ᐃ⤖ᯝࡣᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡼࡧᅜࡢ⳦᳨ฟࢹ࣮ࢱ
ࡽࡢ᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ኚືᖜࡀࡁࡃࠊ
ࡲࡓᚲࡎࡋࡶࡢࡘࡢࢹ࣮ࢱᛂࡋ࡚
࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣJANISࡢሗ
࿌ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㉳ᅉࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡸࠊࡇࡢᩘᖺ
࡛Ⓩ㘓་⒪ᶵ㛵ᩘࠊࡦ࠸࡚ࡣ⳦᳨ฟሗ࿌
㝔ᩘࡀᛴ⃭ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ㸦ሗ࿌㝔
ᩘࡀ2008 ᖺ 517ࠊ2009 ᖺ 562ࠊ2010 ᖺ 602ࠊ2011ᖺ 685ࠊ2012ᖺ 725ࠊ2013ᖺ 802ࠊ2014ᖺ971ࠊ2015ᖺ 1446㸧㉳ᅉ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ≉ 2014 ᖺ
2015ᖺࡢቑຍࡀࡁࡃࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࡀࡁࡃኚ
ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ
ࡿࠋࢹ࣮ࢱࡣᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡼࡧᅜࡢࢡࢸ
ࣈࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢹ࣮ࢱࡣᑡࡋᛶ᱁ࡀ␗
࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ␃ពࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡶ
ࡶ⪏ᛶ⳦ࡢࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࡢࡓࡵࡢࢩ ࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅇㄪᰝࡋࡓ㣗୰ẘ㛵㐃⣽
⳦㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ⪏ᛶ⳦ࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫ࡛ᑐ㇟
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⳦✀ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠊ⳦᳨ฟሗ࿌
㛵ࡍࡿ⢭ᗘ⟶⌮➼ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶
ࡿࡶぢࡽࢀࡓࠋᚋࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟
Ⅼࡢᑐᛂࢆ⪃࠼ࡓୖ࡛ࡢά⏝ࡀᚲせ⪃
࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡏࡼࠊ␗࡞ࡿᛶ᱁ࡢࢹ
࣮ࢱࡽࡢ⿕ᐖᐇែ᥎ᐃࡼࡾࠊ࠸ࡀⱞ ᡭࡍࡿ㒊ศࢆ⿵ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ
ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵᳨࡛ฟࡉࢀࡓཎ⳦
ࡢ᳨ฟᩘࡽୗ⑩ᝈ⪅ᩘࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋ㣗 ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ࡢᝈ⪅ᩘࡣ⡿ᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲
ᡂᯝࢆ㐺⏝ࡋࠊྛ⳦ࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁࡢྜ
ࢆ 65%㹼95%௬ᐃࡋ࡚᥎ᐃࡋࡓࡀࠊ⡿ᅜ
᪥ᮏࡢ㣗⩦័ࡢ㐪࠸➼ࡽࠊᅇ㐺⏝ࡋ ࡓ್ࡀጇᙜ࡛࠶ࡿࡣᚋࡢ᳨ウㄢ㢟࡛࠶
ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ⡿ᅜẚ㍑ࡋ࡚⏕㣗ࡀ ከ࠸ࡇࡽࠊ᪥ᮏ࠾ࡅࡿୖグ3⳦ࡢ㣗 ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁࡢྜࡣ⡿ᅜࡼࡾࡶ㧗࠸ྍ⬟ᛶ ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
㣗୰ẘᑐࡍࡿྛ✀ᑐ⟇➼ࡢ᳨ウ࠾ࡼࡧ ࡑࡢຠᯝࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜࡞࠺ࡓࡵࡣ⥅⥆ࡋࡓ ᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞ᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢᢕᥱࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᮏ
◊✲࡛ࡢ᥎ᐃ್ࡣ☜ᐇᛶࡀࡁ࠸せ⣲➼
ࡶྵࡲࢀࡓ᥎ᐃ್࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊᐇᝈ⪅
ᩘࡀሗ࿌ᩘࡼࡾᖜከ࠸࠸࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ ᐃ㔞ⓗࠊࡘከᖺᗘࡘ࠸࡚♧ࡉࢀࡓⅬ ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ
㸰㸬࠙␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᢕᥱࠚ
ゎᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࠊΰධ␗≀ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࠊື
≀ᛶ␗≀㸦ẟ➼㸧ࠊᶞ⬡ࠊ㔠ᒓࡢ㡰ከ࠸ࡇ
ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ㣗ရศ㢮ู࡛ࡣㄪ⌮῭ࡳ
㣗ရࠊⳫᏊ㢮ࠊ㎰⏘ຍᕤရࡢΰධࡀከ
ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓྛ㣗ရศ㢮࡛ΰධ␗≀ࡢഴྥࡀ
␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᴗᡤ࡛ࡢΰධࡀุ᫂ࡲࡓ ࡣࡑࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡉࢀࡓࡣ
ࡢ 31.4%࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᴗᡤΰධࡢ⣙
34%ࡀ◳㉁␗≀ࡢΰධ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ◳㉁␗≀
ΰධࡣ㣗ရศ㢮ู࡛ࡣㄪ⌮῭ࡳ㣗ရࠊ ⳫᏊ㢮ࠊ㎰⏘ຍᕤရࡢ㡰ከࡃࠊ␗≀ศ㢮
ู࡛ࡣ㔠ᒓࠊྜᡂᶞ⬡㸦ࡑࡢ㸧ࠊື≀ᛶ␗
≀㸦ࡑࡢ㸧ࠊ᳜≀ᛶ␗≀㸦ᮌ∦➼㸧ࠊ࢞ࣛ
ࢫࡢ㡰ከࡗࡓࠋᴗᡤ࡛◳㉁␗≀ࡀΰ ධࡋࡓసᴗᕤ⛬ࡢゎᯒ࡛ࡣࠊΰධࡣཎᮦᩱ
⏤᮶ࠊຍ⇕ᕤ⛬ࠊ┒ࡾࡅᕤ⛬࡛ከࡃⓎ⏕
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
ᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ142⮬య୰ࠊ127⮬
యࡽᅇ⟅ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡛ࠊᅜࡢ㣗ရ
ࡢ␗≀ΰධࡢᴫせࡀᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡓ⪃࠼ࡽ
ࢀࡿࠋ3 ᖺࢃࡓࡿྛᖺᗘࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ㛫࡛
␗≀ΰධࡀ࠾ࡁࡓ㣗ရศ㢮ࡸΰධࡋࡓ␗≀
ࡢ✀㢮ࡢഴྥࡁ࡞ᕪ␗ࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞ࡗ ࡓࡇࡣࠊྠᵝࡢ␗≀ΰධࡀ୍ᐃࡢྜ࡛
࠾ࡁ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᑐ⟇ࡸ
ᣦᑟࡢᚲせᛶࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ㣗ရẖ࡛
ΰධ␗≀ࡢ✀㢮ࡸΰධࡋࡓᕤ⛬ࡑࢀࡒࢀ
≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇࡽࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㣗ရࡈ
㐺ࡋࡓᑐ⟇ࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡀຠᯝⓗ࡛
࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
㹃⤖ㄽ
㸯㸬࠙㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁᝈ⪅ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃࠚ 㣗ရ፹ឤᰁ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᴫせࢆᅗ4
♧ࡋࡓࠋᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡼࡧᅜ࠾ࡅࡿࢡࢸ
ࣈࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫ࠾ࡼࡧ JANIS ࢹ࣮ࢱ ࡢά⏝ࢆ」ᩘᖺࡘ࠸࡚⾜࠺ࡇ࡛ࠊୗ⑩
ᝈ⪅ࡢ⳦᳨ฟࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚㞟ࡋࠊ
ୗ⑩Ⓨ⏕ᐇែࡢᴫ␎࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢືྥࡢᢕ
ᥱࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡽᖹᖖࡽᩓⓎ➼
ࢆྵࡵࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚⾜࠺ࢡࢸ
ࣈࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ᭷ຠᛶ࠾ࡼ
ࡧࡑࡢᚲせᛶࡀᙉㄪࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢧ
࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࡣࠊ⳦ࡢ᳨ฟࡢࡳ
࡞ࡽࡎࠊୗ⑩Ⓨ⏕⋡㸦᭷⋡㸧ࠊ་⒪ᶵ㛵
ཷデ⋡࠾ࡼࡧ᳨౽ᐇ⋡➼ࡢሗࡶ⥅⥆ࡋ
࡚ㄪᰝࢆ⾜࡞࠺ࡇ࡛࢘ࢺࣈࣞࢡ➼ࡢ
≉Ṧࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ᭱ᑠ㝈ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ
ࡼࡾ⌧ᐇ༶ࡋࡓᐇែᢕᥱࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࡇ
ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓ⥅⥆ㄪᰝࡼࡾྛ㡯
┠ࡢືྥᢕᥱࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡾࠊ⥭ᛴࡢ᪩
ᮇⓎぢࡘ࡞ࡀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⳦᳨ฟ௳
ᩘࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿ᳨ᰝᶵ㛵ࢹ࣮ࢱࡣࠊሗ࿌⋡➼
ࡢ☜ᐃせ⣲ࡀᑡ࡞ࡃࠊ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜࠺ୖ࡛ࡼ
ࡾ┤᥋ⓗ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ᅜࡢ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᐇᝈ⪅ᩘࡢࡼࡾṇ☜࡞
ᢕᥱᆅᇦᕪ➼ࡢᢕᥱࡢࡓࡵࠊࡼࡾᣑ
ࡋࡓࢡࢸࣈࢧ࣮࣋ࣛࣥࢫࢆ⾜࡞࠺ࡇ
ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧྛ☜ᐃせ⣲ࡢ᥎ᐃࡢ⢭ᗘྥୖ
ࢆᅗࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡀᚋࡢ᳨ウㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸰㸬࠙␗≀ΰධ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢᢕᥱࠚ
ᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࠊⱞฎ⌮ࡢ㞟ィࡽࠊ 㣗ရ࠾ࡅࡿ␗≀ΰධࡢ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢయീ
ࡢᢕᥱࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ≉ᴗᡤ࠾ࡅ
ࡿΰධࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㣗ရศ㢮࠾ࡼࡧ␗≀
ࡢ✀㢮ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊྛ
㣗ရศ㢮࠾࠸࡚㉳ࡁࡸࡍ࠸␗≀ΰධࡢᴫ せࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋᮏㄪᰝࡼࡾ◳㉁␗≀ࡢ༴
㝤ᛶࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࠊࡉࡽࡑࢀࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡸࡍ
࠸㣗ရࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࠊࡲࡓΰධࡀ㉳ࡇࡿ
సᴗᕤ⛬ࡢᇶ♏ࢹ࣮ࢱࡀᚓࡽࢀࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ
ሗࡣᴗᡤࡢHACCPᣦᑟཧ↷ྍ
⬟࡞␗≀ΰධᐇែࢹ࣮ࢱࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ
ࡀྍ⬟⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㸸
Mead, P. S., L. Slutsker, V. Dietz, L. F.
McCaig, J. S. Bresee, C. Shapiro, P. M.
Griffin, and R. V. Tauxe.
Food-related illness and death in the United States.
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 5:607–625.
1999.
㹄◊✲Ⓨ⾲
㸯㸬ㄽᩥⓎ⾲
࡞ࡋ 㸰㸬ᏛⓎ⾲
ձKunihiro Kubota, Hiroshi Amanuma, Emiko Iwasaki, Hideji Yanagisawa, Masahiro Shimojima, Syunsuke Shibuya, Mayumi Komatsu, Tadahiro Kobayashi, Miyako Oguro, Noburiro Matsuki, Fumiko Kasuga
Estimating the burden of foodborne illness in Japan using clinical laboratory data for whole of Japan, 2006-2011 ᅜ 㝿 㣗 ရ ಖ Ꮫ 2014 ᖺ ḟ ⥲ 㸦 International Association for Food Protection 2014 Annual Meeting㸧ࠊࣥࢹ
ࢼ࣏ࣜࢫࠊ⡿ᅜࠊ2014ᖺ7᭶
ղKunihiro Kubota, Hiroshi Amanuma, Emiko Iwasaki, Hideji Yanagisawa, Masahiro Shimojima, Syunsuke Shibuya, Mayumi Komatsu, Tadahiro Kobayashi, Miyako Oguro, Noburiro Matsuki, Fumiko Kasuga
Estimating the burden of foodborne illness for Campylobacter, Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Japan, 2006-2012
ᅜ 㝿 㣗 ရ ಖ Ꮫ 2015 ᖺ ḟ ⥲ 㸦 International Association for Food Protection 2015 Annual Meeting㸧ࠊ࣏࣮ࢺ
ࣛࣥࢻࠊ⡿ᅜࠊ2015ᖺ7᭶
ճK. Kubota, H. Amanuma, H.
Yanagisawa, M. Shimojima, T. Yamashita, Y. Sakurai, M. Komatsu, F. Kasuga
Estimating the Burden of Foodborne Illness for Campylobacter, Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Japan from Laboratory Confirmed Numbers of Infections and Data from Telephone Surveys
ᅜ 㝿 ᪂ ⯆ ឤ ᰁ Ꮫ 2015 ᖺ ḟ ⥲ 㸦International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases 2015㸧ࠊࢺࣛࣥࢱࠊ
⡿ᅜࠊ2015ᖺ8᭶
մK. Kubota, H. Amanuma, K. Tamai, M.
Shimojima, T. Yamashita, Y. Sakurai, M.
Komatsu, F. Kasuga
Comparison of the estimated burden of foodborne illness for Campylobacter, Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Japan between two sets of differently sized active surveillance data for 2006-2013
㣗ရᚤ⏕≀㛵ࡍࡿᅜ㝿㞟2016
㸦Foodmicro2016㸧ࠊࢲࣈࣜࣥࠊࣝࣛࣥ
ࢻࠊ2016ᖺ7᭶
յKunihiro Kubota, Hiroshi Amanuma, Emiko Iwasaki, Kiyoko Tamai, Masahiro Shimojima, Tomonari Yamashita,
Mayumi Komatsu, Fumiko Kasuga Estimating the burden of foodborne illness for Campylobacter, Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Japan, 2006-2013
ᅜ 㝿 㣗 ရ ಖ Ꮫ 2016 ᖺ ḟ ⥲ 㸦 International Association for Food Protection 2016 Annual Meeting㸧ࠊࢭࣥࢺ
ࣝࢫࠊ⡿ᅜࠊ2016ᖺ8᭶
ն❑⏣㑥ᏹࠊኳᏹࠊᱜⰾ᫂ࠊᑠᯇ┿⏤
⨾ࠊ⋢ΎᏊࠊᆏୖṊᩥࠊᑗኴࠊ㟖ᓥṇ ᾈࠊᒣୗ▱ᡂࠊ᪥ᩥᏊ
࢝ࣥࣆࣟࣂࢡࢱ࣮ࠊࢧࣝࣔࢿࣛࠊ⭠⅖ࣅࣈ
ࣜ࢜㉳ᅉࡍࡿ㣗୰ẘ⿕ᐖᐇែࡢ᥎ᐃࠊ 㹼ᖺ
➨ 112 ᅇ ᪥ ᮏ 㣗 ရ ⾨ ⏕ Ꮫ Ꮫ ⾡ ㅮ ₇ 㸦2016ᖺ10᭶㸧ࠊภ㤋ᕷ
㹅▱ⓗ㈈⏘ᶒࡢฟ㢪࣭Ⓩ㘓≧ἣ
≉࡞ࡋ
⾲㸯㸬ᅜ࠾ࡅࡿ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝ㸦2009 ᖺࠊ2014 ᖺኟࠊ2016 ᖺኟ㸧 ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ㟁ヰఫẸㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝ㸦2006 ᖺ࠾ࡼࡧ
2007ᖺኟ㸧
㸦࡚ேཱྀᖺ㱋ศᕸ⿵ṇ๓ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㸧㻞㻜㻜㻥ᖺ䠄ᅜ䠅 㻞㻜㻝㻠ᖺኟ䠄ᅜ䠅 㻞㻜㻝㻢ᖺኟ䠄ᅜ䠅
ྜィ䝁䞊䝹ᩘ 㻝㻞㻘㻞㻢㻡௳ 㻝㻟㻘㻟㻥㻢௳ 㻞㻞㻘㻢㻤㻞௳
᭷ຠ䝁䞊䝹ᩘ
䠄᭷ຠᅇ⟅⋡䠅 㻞㻘㻜㻣㻣௳䠄㻝㻢㻚㻥㻑䠅 㻞㻘㻜㻟㻥௳䠄㻝㻡㻚㻞㻑䠅 㻟㻘㻜㻞㻜௳䠄㻝㻟㻚㻟㻑䠅
᭷⪅ᩘ䠄᭷⋡䠅 㻣㻣ே䠄㻟㻚㻣㻑䠅 㻥㻜ே䠄㻠㻚㻠㻑䠅 㻥㻢ே䠄㻟㻚㻞㻑䠅
་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⪅ᩘ
䠄ཷデ⋡䠅 㻞㻟ே䠄㻞㻥㻚㻥㻑䠅 㻝㻣ே䠄㻝㻤㻚㻥㻑䠅 㻝㻣ே䠄㻝㻣㻚㻣㻑䠅
᳨౽ᐇ⪅ᩘ
䠄᳨౽ᐇ⋡䠅 㻞ே䠄㻤㻚㻣㻑䠅 㻜ே䠄䌦䠅 㻞ே䠄㻝㻝㻚㻤㻑䠅
㻞㻜㻜㻢ᖺ䠄ᐑᇛ┴䠅 㻞㻜㻜㻣ᖺኟ䠄ᐑᇛ┴䠅
ྜィ䝁䞊䝹ᩘ 㻝㻜㻘㻜㻞㻝௳ 㻝㻝㻘㻥㻢㻡௳
᭷ຠ䝁䞊䝹ᩘ
䠄᭷ຠᅇ⟅⋡䠅 㻞㻘㻝㻞㻢௳䠄㻞㻝㻚㻞㻑䠅 㻞㻘㻝㻞㻝௳䠄㻝㻣㻚㻣㻑䠅
᭷⪅ᩘ䠄᭷⋡䠅 㻣㻜ே䠄㻟㻚㻟㻑䠅 㻣㻠ே䠄㻟㻚㻡㻑䠅
་⒪ᶵ㛵ཷデ⪅ᩘ
䠄ཷデ⋡䠅 㻞㻣ே䠄㻟㻤㻚㻢㻑䠅 㻞㻟ே䠄㻟㻝㻚㻝㻑䠅
᳨౽ᐇ⪅ᩘ
䠄᳨౽ᐇ⋡䠅 㻠ே䠄㻝㻠㻚㻤㻑㻕 㻞ே䠄㻤㻚㻜㻑䠅
⾲㸰㸬ᐑᇛ┴࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ୗ⑩ᝈࡢᝈ⪅ᩘ᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝࡑࡢ㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅ሗ࿌ᩘࡢ ẚ㍑㸦2005㹼2015ᖺࠊࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥヨ⾜ᅇᩘ㸸1ᅇࠊᐑᇛ┴ேཱྀ:236ே㸧
᳨ฟ⳦ ᖺ
䈜㻝
᳨ฟᩘ
᥎ᐃᝈ⪅ᩘ䠄ᐑᇛ┴䠅 䛆ᖹᆒ್䛇
᥎ᐃᝈ⪅ᩘ䠄ᐑᇛ┴䠅 䛆㻝㻜ே䛒䛯䜚䛇
䈜㻞᥎ᐃ㣗ရ⏤᮶ ᝈ⪅ᩘ䠄ᐑᇛ┴䠅
䈜㻟㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅
ሗ࿌ᩘ䠄ᐑᇛ┴䠅
䜹䞁䝢䝻䝞䜽䝍䞊 㻞㻜㻜㻡 㻡㻡㻢㻞 㻟㻣㻘㻜㻝㻥 㻝㻘㻡㻢㻥
㻞㻜㻜㻢 㻡㻡㻡㻜 㻟㻢㻘㻞㻟㻤 㻝㻘㻡㻟㻢
㻞㻜㻜㻣 㻡㻡㻟㻤 㻟㻡㻘㻠㻟㻣 㻝㻘㻡㻜㻞
㻞㻜㻜㻤 㻠㻠㻢㻤 㻟㻜㻘㻣㻤㻢 㻝㻘㻟㻜㻡
㻞㻜㻜㻥 㻟㻟㻟㻥 㻞㻢㻘㻞㻣㻞 㻝㻘㻝㻝㻟
㻞㻜㻝㻜 㻟㻟㻡㻠 㻞㻟㻘㻞㻥㻝 㻥㻤㻣
㻞㻜㻝㻝 㻟㻟㻞㻠 㻞㻝㻘㻟㻟㻝 㻥㻜㻠
㻞㻜㻝㻞 㻞㻞㻢㻞 㻝㻣㻘㻞㻡㻢 㻣㻟㻝
㻞㻜㻝㻟 㻞㻞㻞㻢 㻝㻠㻘㻤㻣㻤 㻢㻟㻜
㻞㻜㻝㻠 㻞㻞㻡㻞 㻝㻢㻘㻢㻜㻜 㻣㻜㻟
㻞㻜㻝㻡 㻞㻞㻣㻝 㻝㻣㻘㻤㻟㻡 㻣㻡㻡
䝃䝹䝰䝛䝷 㻞㻜㻜㻡 㻣㻣㻤 㻡㻘㻝㻟㻠 㻞㻝㻤
㻞㻜㻜㻢 㻠㻠㻢 㻟㻘㻜㻞㻤 㻝㻞㻤
㻞㻜㻜㻣 㻠㻠㻢 㻟㻘㻜㻞㻤 㻝㻞㻤
㻞㻜㻜㻤 㻡㻡㻢 㻟㻘㻢㻥㻜 㻝㻡㻢
㻞㻜㻜㻥 㻟㻟㻟 㻞㻘㻝㻢㻥 㻥㻞
㻞㻜㻝㻜 㻡㻡㻝 㻟㻘㻟㻡㻤 㻝㻠㻞
㻞㻜㻝㻝 㻞㻞㻟 㻝㻘㻡㻝㻡 㻢㻠
㻞㻜㻝㻞 㻟㻟㻜 㻝㻘㻥㻣㻟 㻤㻠
㻞㻜㻝㻟 㻟㻟㻟 㻞㻘㻝㻣㻠 㻥㻞
㻞㻜㻝㻠 㻠㻠㻟 㻞㻘㻤㻟㻝 㻝㻞㻜
㻞㻜㻝㻡 㻠㻠㻝 㻞㻘㻢㻥㻤 㻝㻝㻠
⭠⅖䝡䝤䝸䜸 㻞㻜㻜㻡 㻟㻟㻢 㻞㻘㻟㻢㻥 㻝㻜㻜
㻞㻜㻜㻢 㻞㻞㻣 㻝㻘㻣㻣㻤 㻣㻡
㻞㻜㻜㻣 㻞㻞㻠 㻝㻘㻡㻤㻞 㻢㻣 ͤ
㻞㻜㻜㻤 㻤㻤 㻡㻞㻣 㻞㻞
㻞㻜㻜㻥 㻢㻢 㻟㻥㻡 㻝㻣
㻞㻜㻝㻜 㻝㻝㻡 㻥㻤㻤 㻠㻞
㻞㻜㻝㻝 㻣㻣 㻠㻢㻜 㻞㻜
㻞㻜㻝㻞 㻟㻟 㻝㻥㻣 㻤
㻞㻜㻝㻟 㻡㻡 㻟㻞㻥 㻝㻠
㻞㻜㻝㻠 㻠㻠 㻞㻢㻟 㻝㻝
㻞㻜㻝㻡 㻠㻠 㻞㻢㻟 㻝㻝
ͤ1ᐑᇛ┴་ᖌᗣࢭࣥࢱ࣮࠾ࡼࡧሷ㔩་ᖌ⮫ᗋ᳨ᰝࢭࣥࢱ࣮࠾ࡅࡿ᳨ฟᩘ
ͤ2 ⡿ᅜ࡛ࡢ⫶⭠⅖ᝈ࠾ࡅࡿ㣗ရ⏤᮶ឤᰁࡢྜ㸦࢝ࣥࣆࣟࣂࢡࢱ࣮80%ࠊࢧࣝࣔࢿ
ࣛ95%ࠊ⭠⅖ࣅࣈࣜ࢜65%㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⟬ฟ㸦Mead et al. 1999㸧
ͤ3㣗୰ẘᝈ⪅ሗ࿌ᩘ㸦ᐑᇛ┴㸧㸦ཌ⏕ປാ┬㣗୰ẘ⤫ィࠊᖹᡂ17㹼26ᖺ㣗୰ẘⓎ⏕≧ἣ㸧
ͤ4 620ேࡣ1௳ࡢ࢘ࢺࣈࣞࢡ࠾ࡅࡿᮾ᪥ᮏ1㒔7┴࡛ࡢᝈ⪅ࢆᐑᇛ┴ࡀࡾࡲ
ࡵ࡚ሗ࿌ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ2007ᖺࡢᐑᇛ┴ࡢᐇ㝿ࡢ⭠⅖ࣅࣈࣜ࢜ᝈ⪅ሗ࿌ᩘࡣ17ே࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
