新生仔期N
M
D
A受容体慢性遮断ラットの薬物誘発性過
活動と連合学習
著者
古家 宏樹
発行年
2014
学位授与大学
筑波大学 ( U
ni ver s i t y of Ts ukuba)
学位授与年度
2013
報告番号
12102甲第6991号
NMDA
1 1
1 1
2 NMDA 4
1.
2. NMDA
3. NMDA
4. NMDA
5. NMDA
3 NMDA 13
1. 2.
4 NMDA 16
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2 27 1 27 2 30
3 NMDA 35
1 MK-801 MK-801 scopolamine
1 35
2 MK-801 MK-801
2 46
4 NMDA 51
1 MK-801 methamphetamine
3 51
2 MK-801
3 MK-801 methamphetamine
5 70
5 NMDA 76
1 MK-801
6 76
2 MK-801
7 83
6 95
1
1
D o b b i n g &
S a n d s ( 1 9 7 3 ) 1 0 7
D N A D N A
1 0 2
2
3 3
b r a i n g r o w t h s p u r t
7 3
3 3
b r a i n g r o w t h s p u r t
( O l n e y e t a l . , 2 0 0 0 ; 2 0 0 2 )
( T h o m p s o n e t a l . ,
2 0 0 9 ) 1
N - m e t h y l - D - a s p a r t a t e ( N M D A )
P h e n c y c l i d i n e ( P C P ) k e t a m i n e N M D A
( B e y & P a t e l , 2 0 0 7 ; D a r g a n & Wo o d , 2 0 1 2 )
N M D A
( B a i e r e t
a l . , 2 0 0 9 ; F r e d r i k s s o n & A r c h e r, 2 0 0 3 ) N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
b r a i n g r o w t h s p u r t
b r a i n g r o w t h s p u r t
N M D A
N M D A
2 N M D A
1 .
N M D A n o n - N M D A
α - a m i n o - 3 - h y d r o x y - 5 - m e t h y l - 4 - i s o x a z o l e p r o p i o n i c a c i d ( A M PA )
m G l u R 1 m G l u R 8 8 ( S e e b u r g , 1 9 9 3 )
N M D A 3
N M D A N R 1 N R 2 A
N R 2 B N R 2 C N R 2 D N R 3 A N R 3 B N M D A
1 N R 1 N R 2 A N R 2 D N R 2
2 4
( M o n y e r e t a l . , 1 9 9 4 ) N M D A
(
1 9 9 1 ) N R 1
N R 2
N R 1 N M D A
( J o h n s o n & A s c h e r, 1 9 8 7 ) N M D A
N M D A
N M D A C a2 +
N M D A ( F i g . 1 - 1 )
A P 5 C P P C G P 4 0 11 6 C G P 3 9 5 5 1 P C P M K - 8 0 1
k e t a m i n e N M D A
N M D A C a2 +
M K - 8 0 1
( P e e t e t a l . , 1 9 9 9 ; S h a n t h a n e l s o n e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 ) N M D A N M D A
N M D A ( A b r a h a m &
M a s o n , 1 9 8 8 )
( H e a l e & H a r l e y, 1 9 9 0 ) N M D A
N M D A
N M D A N M D A
A M PA A M PA
N a+ N a+
N M D A
C a2 + N M D A
M g2 ( F o s t e r & F a g g , 1 9 8 7 )
A M PA
M g2 N M D A
C a2 + ( M a y e r s
& We s t b r o o k , 1 9 8 5 ) N M D A
F i g . 1 - 1 N M D A N M D A
( M o r e t t i & To r r e
N M D A ( C o l l i n g r i d g e e t a l . , 1 9 8 3 ) N M D A
3 . N M D A
B l i s s & L ø m ø ( 1 9 7 3 )
1 0 2 0 H z 1 0 1 5 1 0 0 H z 3 4
( )
( l o n g t e r m p o t e n t i a t i o n ; LT P )
N M D A
LT P LT P
LT P N M D A
N M D A M g2
A M PA
M g2
C a2 + ( M a y e r s &
We s t b r o o k , 1 9 8 5 ) C a2 /
( C a M K )
H e b b ( 1 9 4 9 )
H e b b LT P H e b b
LT P
( )
LT P
(
) LT P
( ) LT P
( K e l s o e t a l , 1 9 8 6 ; S a s t r y e t a l . , 1 9 8 6 )
LT P
LT P
( B a r n e s & M c N a u g h t o n , 1 9 8 5 ) LT P
( C a s t r o e t a l . , 1 9 8 9 ; M c N a u g h t o n e t a l . , 1 9 8 6 )
LT P
LT P ( B a r n e s , 1 9 7 9 )
N M D A 2 - a m i n o - 5 - p h o s p h o n o p e n t a n o i c a c i d ( A P 5 )
A P 5 A P 5
A P 5
A P 5
L T P ( D a v i s e t a l . , 1 9 9 2 ;
M o r r i s e t a l . , 1 9 8 6 ; M o r r i s , 1 9 8 9 ) N M D A
( B a u e r e t a l . , 2 0 0 2 ; D a v i s e t a l . , 1 9 9 2 ; K a w a b e e t a l . , 1 9 9 8 a , b ; M o r r i s , 1 9 8 9 ; M o r r i s e t a l . , 1 9 8 6 ; Ve n a b l e & K e l l y, 1 9 9 0 ; Wo z n i a k e t a l . , 1 9 9 0 ;
Z h a n g e t a l . , 2 0 0 1 ) N M D A
4 . N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
( H i r a s a w a e t a l . , 2 0 0 3 ) ( H i r a i e t a l . , 1 9 9 9 ; H i r a s a w a e t a l . , 2 0 0 3 ; K i h a r a e t a l . , 2 0 0 2 ; K o m u r o & R a k i c , 1 9 9 3 ; R e i p r i c h e t a l . , 2 0 0 5 ) H i r a s a w a e t a l . ( 2 0 0 3 )
1 7 N M D A
D - A P 5
A P 5 3 A P 5 3
N M D A
N M D A N R 2 B
i f e n p r o d i l
3 i f e n p r o d i l
A P 5 i f e n p r o d i l
N M D A
N R 1 N R 2 B m R N A
N R 2 A m R N A ( Wa t a n a b e e t a l . ,
1 9 9 2 ) I f e n p r o d i l N R 2 A
N M D A
B r d U A P 5
N M D A
5 . N M D A
N M D A
I k o n o m i d o u e t a l . ( 1 9 9 9 ) 7 N M D A
2 4 T d T- m e d i a t e d d U T P
n i c k - e n d l a b e l i n g ( T U N E L ) T U N E L
N M D A M K - 8 0 1 0 . 5 m g / k g
2 4 T U N E L
M K - 8 0 1
( ) T U N E L
g l i a f i b r i l l a r y a c i d i c p r o t e i n ( G FA P )
N M D A
0 3 7 1 4 2 1
M K - 8 0 1 2 4
M K - 8 0 1 3 7
7 1 4 2 1
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
A M PA 2 , 3 D i o x o 6 n i t r o 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
-t e -t r a h y d r o - b e n z o [ f ] q u i n o x a l i n e - 7 - s u l f o n a m i d e ( N B Q X )
s c o p o l a m i n e D 2
3 N M D A
1 .
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
F a c c h i n e t t i e t a l . ( 1 9 9 3 )
1 2 2 M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
C G P 3 9 5 5 1 2 4
7 0
N M D A
-1 5 K a w a b e & M i y a m o t o ( 2 0 0 8 )
7 2 0 M K - 8 0 1
H a r r i s e t a l . ( 2 0 0 3 ) 7 M K - 8 0 1
C A 1 C o l e m a n J r. e t a l .
( 2 0 0 9 ) 7 1 m g / k g M K - 8 0 1
V
2 .
N M D A N M D A
S i r c a r ( 2 0 0 3 ) N M D A
p h e n c y c l i d i n e ( P C P ) N M D A
N M D A P C P
2 1 N M D A N R 2 B m R N A
( S i r c a r & L i , 1 9 9 4 ; S i r c a r e t
a l . , 1 9 9 6 ) N M D A N M D A
H a r r i s e t a l . ( 2 0 0 3 ) M K - 8 0 1
N R 1 C A 3
N M D A B a i e r e t a l . ( 2 0 0 9 )
D u B o i s e t a l . ( 2 0 0 9 a ) 7 9 11 P C P
N M D A 3 2
N M D A N M D A
N M D A N M D A
P C P
m R N A
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 8 ) G o r t e r e t a l .
( 1 9 9 2 a ) 8 1 9 M K - 8 0 1
3 , 4 - d i h y d r o x y p h e n y l a c e t i c a c i d ( D O PA C ; ) /
1 2 2 C G P 3 9 5 5 1
D 2 ( D a l l ’ O l i o e t a l . ,
1 9 9 4 ) N M D A
N M D A N M D A
P C P ( G A B A )
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 a )
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 b ) G o r t e r e t a l . ( 1 9 9 2 a )
N M D A
4 N M D A
1 .
N M D A
N M D A N M D A
( G o r t e r e t a l . , 1 9 9 2 b )
N M D A
G o r t e r & d e B r u i n ( 1 9 9 2 ) N M D A
8 1 9
N M D A M K - 8 0 1 1 2 0
1 4 0
M K - 8 0 1 C A 1
N M D A A P 5
( G o r t e r e t a l . , 1 9 9 2 b ) N M D A
N M D A
S i r c a r ( 2 0 0 3 ) 5 1 5
P C P ( 3 5 ) ( 6 0 )
P C P
A n d e r s e n &
P o u z e t ( 2 0 0 4 ) ( 8 )
7 9 11
P C P P C P
3 0 D - s e r i n e
P C P ( a l l o c e n t r i c o r i e n t a t i o n )
P C P
N M D A
K a w a b e e t a l .
( 2 0 0 7 ) M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
2 0 ( K a w a b e e t a l . ,
2 0 0 7 )
N M D A M K - 8 0 1
C G P 4 0 11 6
( K a w a b e & M i y a m o t o , 2 0 0 8 ; We d z o n y e t a l . , 2 0 0 8 )
K o c a h a n e t a l . ( 2 0 1 3 ) 7 1 0 M K - 8 0 1 ( 0 . 2 5 m g / k g
1 2 ) 3 5 4 0
2 4
M K - 8 0 1
E l h a r d t e t a l .
( 2 0 1 0 ) 3 1 7 0 . 1 m g / k g M K - 8 0 1
1
2
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
( B a i e r e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 ; S t e f a n i & M o g h a d d a m , 2 0 0 5 )
N M D A
2 .
( e l e v a t e d p l u s m a z e ;
E P M ) N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
1 7 2 8
2 7 2 8
4 0 E P M
( L a t y s h e v a & R a y e v s k y, 2 0 0 3 )
E P M
L a t y s h e v a & R a y e v s k y
( 2 0 0 3 ) 7 4 9
M K - 8 0 1
K o c a h a n e t a l . ( 2 0 1 3 ) 7 1 0 M K - 8 0 1
E P M
S t e f a n i & M o g h a d d a m ( 2 0 0 5 )
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
We d z o n y e t a l . ( 2 0 0 8 ) 1 2 1 N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
A m a n i e t a l . ( 2 0 1 3 ) P C P
E P M
P C P
M K - 8 0 1 B A L B / c
C 5 7 B L / 6 N M D A
( A k i l l i o g l u e t a l . , 2 0 1 2 )
3 .
N M D A
( p r e p u l s e i n h i b i t i o n ; P P I ) P P I
P P I (
) (
)
P P I
Wa n g e t a l . ( 2 0 0 3 ) 7 9 11
P C P 1 0 m g / k g 2 4 2 6 P P I
We d z o n y e t a l . ( 2 0 0 8 ) C G P 4 0 11 6
6 0 P P I
U e h a r a e t a l . ( 2 0 1 0 ) 7 11 M K - 8 0 1
P P I
P P I
P P I
N M D A P P I
2 ( )
( )
( )
1 2
1
( )
S t e f a n i &
( )
M K - 8 0 1
1 2
N M D A
P C P
( B r o b e r g e t a l . , 2 0 0 8 , 2 0 0 9 ) ( B i r r e l & B r o w n , 2 0 0 0 ) ( F l o r e s c o , 2 0 1 3 ; F l o r e s c o e t a l . , 2 0 0 6 )
N M D A
4 .
N M D A
(
) ( )
We d z o n y e t a l . ( 2 0 0 8 ) 1 2 1 C G P 4 0 11 6
7 4 9 M K - 8 0 1 1 6
-L a t y s h e v a & R a y e v s k y
( 2 0 0 3 ) 0 . 0 5 m g / k g M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 We d z o n y e t a l . ( 2 0 0 8 )
N M D A
5 .
N M D A
L a t y s h e v a & R a y e v s k y ( 2 0 0 3 ) ( 0 . 0 5 m g / k g )
M K - 8 0 1 5 5
M K - 8 0 1
B o c t o r & F e r g u s o n ( 2 0 1 0 ) 4 2
7 2 7 7 P C P
F a c c h i n e t t i e t a l . ( 1 9 9 3 ) M K - 8 0 1 C G P 3 9 5 5 1
2 8 3 5 4 8 6 0
We d z o n y e t a l . ( 2 0 0 8 ) C G P 4 0 11 6
S c h i f f e l h o l z e t a l . ( 2 0 0 4 )
M K - 8 0 1 3 0
6 0 9 0 1 2 0 1 8 0
0 . 2 5 m g / k g M K - 8 0 1
( F a c c h i n e t t i e t a l . ,
1 9 9 3 ) 0 . 1 2 m g / k g 0 . 2 m g / k g
( U e h a r a e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 )
N M D A
N M D A
D a l l ’ O l i o e t a l . ( 1 9 9 4 )
C G P 3 9 5 5 1 D 2 LY 1 7 1 5 5 5
D 1 D 2
a p o m o r p h i n e
F a c c h i n e t t i e t a l . ( 1 9 9 4 ) C G P 3 9 5 5 1
D 1 D 2
M e t h a m p h e t a m i n e
a m p h e t a m i n e D 2 q u i n p i r o l e
C G P 4 0 11 6 M K - 8 0 1
( We d z o n y e t a l . , 2 0 0 5 ; U e h a r a e t a l . ,
2 0 1 0 ) N M D A N M D A
P C P P C P
( B o c t o r & F e r g u s o n , 2 0 1 0 ) N M D A
N M D A
D O PA C / D 2
N M D A ( D a l l ’ O l i o
e t a l . , 1 9 9 4 ; G o r t e r e t a l . , 1 9 9 2 ; S i r c a r, 2 0 0 3 ) N M D A
2
1
N M D A N M D A
3 2 3
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A N M D A
N M D A
( 1 ) N M D A N M D A
N M D A
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 b ) M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
N M D A
s c o p o l a m i n e
N M D A
3 N M D A
N M D A
7 2 0 1 4
M K - 8 0 1 s c o p o l a m i n e
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A 4 N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
m e t h a m p h e t a m i n e
N M D A
1 4
M K - 8 0 1 m e t h a m p h e t a m i n e
M K - 8 0 1
2
1 . M K - 8 0 1
0 7 2 0
7 1
1 0 M K - 8 0 1
( S A L )
N M D A M K - 8 0 1 0 . 4 m g / m l
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1 0 . 4 m g / k g M K - 8 0 1
S A L S A L 1 0 0 l
( H a m i l t o n , )
1 2 8
2 8 3 4 1
1 2 ( 8 : 0 0 2 0 : 0 0 )
2 . M K - 8 0 1
2 1 2 1 4
M K - 8 0 1 ( 0 . 4 m g / k g ) S A L 1 2 8
1 m l
3 .
( 9 0 9 0 4 5 c m )
4 9 0 l u x
5 1 1 3
3 0 M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 0 . 2 m g / k g S A L
4 0
( M K - 8 0 1 S A L ) M K - 8 0 1
S A L
N I H I m a g e ( N a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e s o f H e a l t h
; h t t p : / / r s b . i n f o . n i h . g o v / i j )
I m a g e O F ( ( ) ) S c o p o l a m i n e
S A L s c o p o l a m i n e 0 . 4 m g / k g 2 . 0
m g / k g S A L
M K - 8 0 1
4 .
M e t h a m p h e t a m i n e ( M A P ) S A L
1 m g / m l M A P
3 ( M E D
A s s o c i a t e s ) 2
2 3 7 8 2 7 c m 2 1 2 8 2 7 c m
2 1 1 2 2 7 c m
1 . 5
5
1 1 3
3
2 1 0
3 ( 1 )
1 5
( )
1 5
[
/ ( ) ]
1 0 0 ( % )
( 2 ) M A P 1 m g / k g
3 0
M A P 2
4 M A P
5 0 % M A P
M A P [ M A P / ( M A P
) ] 1 0 0 ( % )
5 .
( ( ) 7 0 6 0 6 0 c m )
( 2 5 2 0 3 0 c m ( )
)
3 3 2 7 . 5 3 2 c m ( ( ) )
1 2
5 0 d B 2 0 0 l u x
I m a g e J (
N a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e s o f H e a l t h ;
h t t p : / / r s b . i n f o . n i h . g o v / i j ) I m a g e J
3 N M D A
1 M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1 s c o p o l a m i n e
1
N M D A
N M D A a m p h e t a m i n e
q u i n p i r o l e LY 1 7 1 5 5 5 P C P
N M D A
N M D A D 2
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
s c o p o l a m i n e N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
( d u B o i s
e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 b ) N M D A
1 N M D A
N M D A
7
2 0 M K - 8 0 1
N M D A M K - 8 0 1
s c o p o l a m i n e 4 0
Wi s t a r- I m a m i c h i 3 5 M K - 8 0 1
S A L 1 0 M K - 8 0 1 9
S c o p o l a m i n e S A L
9 M K - 8 0 1 7 1 4
4 0
5 3
B o n f e r r o n i
M K - 8 0 1 S A L 4 0
F i g . 3 - 1 ( F i g . 3 - 1 A , B ) S A L
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 3 (
)
( F ( 1 , 1 7 ) = 8 7 . 8 3 , p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 1 , 1 7 ) = 2 0 . 3 3 , p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 1 , 1 7 ) = 6 . 3 6 , p < . 0 5 ) ( F ( 7 , 11 9 ) = 3 0 . 9 8 , p < . 0 1 )
( F ( 7 , 11 9 ) = 2 . 6 4 , p < . 0 5 )
S A L M K - 8 0 1
S A L ( p < . 0 5 )
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1 S A L
S A L M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
F i g . 3 - 1
M K - 8 0 1 S A LM K - 8 0 1 ( M K , 0 . 2 m g / k g ) A :
4 0 M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K )
S A L ( n e o S A L ) B :
4 0 M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K )
S A L ( n e o S A L )
* * S A L 1 % # n e o S A L
M K - 8 0 1
S c o p o l a m i n e S A L 4 0
F i g . 3 - 2 ( F i g . 3 - 2 A , B , C ) S A L
s c o p o l a m i n e
M K - 8 0 1 4 0
S A L S A L
S c o p o l a m i n e
3 ( )
( F ( 1 , 1 4 ) = 2 3 . 5 6 , p < . 0 1 )
( F ( 2 , 2 8 ) = 1 5 . 5 0 , p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 7 , 9 8 ) = 1 7 . 4 1 ,
p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 2 , 2 8 ) = 6 . 5 8 ,
p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 1 4 , 1 9 6 ) = 8 . 5 6 , p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 1 4 , 1 9 6 ) = 4 . 7 3 , p < . 0 1 )
S A L M K - 8 0 1
S A L
( p < . 0 1 ) S A L S A L
0 . 4 m g / k g 2 . 0 m g / k g s c o p o l a m i n e
M K - 8 0 1
0 . 4 m g / k g 2 . 0 m g / k g s c o p o l a m i n e S A L
( p < . 0 1 )
( S A L )
F i g . 3 - 2
M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K ) S A L( n e o S A L ) s c o p o l a m i n e ( S C P, 0 . 4 , 2 . 0
m g / k g ) 4 0
S A L ( A ) M K - 8 0 1 ( B )
C : 4 0 M K - 8 0 1
( n e o M K ) S A L ( n e o S A L )
S E M * * S A L 1 % # #
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
s c o p o l a m i n e S A L
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1
N M D A N M D A
G o r t e r e t a l . ( 1 9 9 2 b ) M K - 8 0 1
N M D A A P 5 LT P
N M D A N M D A
N M D A ( P F C ) N M D A
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 a ; S i r c a r, 2 0 0 3 ) P F C
N M D A ( D e l
A l c o e t a l . , 2 0 0 8 ; F e e n s t r a e t a l . , 2 0 0 2 ; J e n t s c h e t a l . , 1 9 9 8 )
M K - 8 0 1
P F C N M D A
N M D A N M D A
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
N M D A
( F e e n s t r a e t a l . , 2 0 0 2 ; T a k a h a t a & M o g h a d d a m , 2 0 0 3 )
N M D A ( C h a r t o f f e t a l . , 2 0 0 5 ) M K - 8 0 1
N M D A N M D A
( F a c c h i n e t t i e t a l . , 1 9 9 3 ; S i r c a r & S o l i m a n , 2 0 0 3 )
2 1
N M D A N M D A
7 , 9 , 11 1 0 m g / k g P C P P C P
7
2 0 m g / k g k e t a m i n e 6 k e t a m i n e
( I k o n o m i d o u e t a l . ,
1 9 9 9 ) N M D A
2 N M D A
1 5 m g / k g
P C P P C P
( S i r c a r & S o l i m a n , 2 0 0 3 )
N M D A N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 s c o p o l a m i n e
N M D A
N M D A
d u B o i s ( 2 0 0 9 b )
7 , 9 , 11 P C P
M 1 / 4 d u B o i s
( 2 0 0 9 b )
( P P T ) ( L D T )
( C h a p m a n e t a l , 1 9 9 7 ; M a t h u r e t a l . ,
1 9 9 7 )
P P T L D T
( F o s t e r & B l a h a , 2 0 0 0 , 2 0 0 3 )
P P T L D T P P T L D T
( C h a p m a n e t a l . , 1 9 9 7 )
( M a t h u r e t a l . , 1 9 9 7 ) s c o p o l a m i n e
s c o p o l a m i n e
s c o p o l a m i n e
( S A L )
s c o p o l a m i n e s c o p o l a m i n e
( K u r i b a r a & T a d o k o r o , 1 9 8 3 ; F u j i i e t a l . , 1 9 9 0 )
s c o p o l a m i n e
N M D A
2 M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1 2
1 M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
2
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1
N M D A N M D A
Wi s t a r- I m a m i c h i 2 1 S A L
11 M K - 8 0 1 1 0
4 0
5 3
B o n f e r r o n i
M K - 8 0 1 S A L 4 0
F i g . 3 - 3 ( F i g . 3 - 3 A , B ) M K - 8 0 1
3 (
) ( F ( 1 , 3 8 ) = 6 1 . 9 1 , p < . 0 1 )
( F ( 7 , 2 6 6 ) = 3 . 4 1 , p < . 0 5 )
( F ( 7 , 2 6 6 ) = 2 8 . 0 9 , p < . 0 1 ) S A L
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1 S A L
S A L
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1 S A L
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1
F i g . 3 - 3
M K - 8 0 1 S A LM K - 8 0 1 ( 0 . 2 m g / k g ) A :
4 0 M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K ) S A L
( n e o S A L ) B : 4 0
M K - 8 0 1 ( A d u l t M K - 8 0 1 ) S A L
( A d u l t S A L )
* *
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1
N M D A N M D A
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
P C P M K - 8 0 1
P C P
( J o h n s o n e t a l . , 1 9 9 8 ;
P h i l l i p s e t a l . , 2 0 0 1 ) P C P
2
P C P N M D A
( J o h n s o n & S n e l l . , 1 9 8 5 ; Vi g n o n e t a l . , 1 9 8 8 ) P C P
P C P d - a m p h e t a m i n e
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 d - a m p h e t a m i n e
( S a i l l i e r & G i u f f r i d a , 2 0 0 9 )
N M D A N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
N M D A
M c D o n a l d & J o h n s t o n ( 1 9 9 0 )
2 4 N M D A
N M D A N M D A
7 3 4
( e x c i t a t o r y p o s t s y n a p t i c c u r r e n t ; E P S C )
E P S C N M D A
k e t a m i n e E P S C 7
k e t a m i n e 6
( J i n e t a l . , 2 0 1 3 ) N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A N M D A
4 N M D A
1 M K - 8 0 1 m e t h a m p h e t a m i n e
3
N M D A
N M D A N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 M A P
Wi s t a r- I m a m i c h i 1 7 S A L
2
M A P t
( 5 0 % )
t
F i g . 4 - 1
2 ( F ( 1 , 1 5 ) = 2 0 . 8 9 ,
p < . 0 1 )
F i g . 4 - 2 ( F i g . 4 - 2 A , B ) t
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
( t ( 1 5 ) = 2 . 4 3 , p < . 0 5 )
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
F i g . 4 - 1 1 5 M K - 8 0 1 S A L
( P r e f e r e d s i d e )
F i g . 4 - 2 M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K - 8 0 1 )
S A L ( n e o S A L ) ( A )
( B ) ( S E M )
M A P F i g . 4 - 3
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
S A L
( t ( 8 ) = 3 . 7 5 , p < . 0 1 ) M K - 8 0 1
S A L M A P
M K - 8 0 1 M A P
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
M K - 8 0 1 M A P
N M D A M A P
1 N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
F i g . 4 - 3 M A P
M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K - 8 0 1 ) S A L
( n e o S A L ) ( S E M ) * * ( 5 0 % )
N M D A
2 N M D A
( B a r d o & B e v i n s ,
2 0 0 0 ) M K - 8 0 1
( P F C ) P F C
( I s a a c
e t a l . , 1 9 8 9 ) N M D A P F C
D O PA C / M K - 8 0 1
N M D A P F C
( S t e f a n i &
M o g h a d d a m , 2 0 0 5 ) P F C
( B i r r e l & B r o w n , 2 0 0 0 ; F l o r e s c o , 2 0 1 3 ; F l o r e s c o e t a l ,
2 0 0 6 ) N M D A
P F C P F C
I t o e t a l . ( 2 0 0 6 )
P C P
N M D A G A B A
( d u B o i s e t a l . ,
2 0 0 9 a ; S i r c a r, 2 0 0 3 )
N M D A P F C
P F C
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 M A P
N M D A
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
P F C
2 M K - 8 0 1 4
3 M K - 8 0 1 M A P
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
4 N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 2
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
Wi s t a r- I m a m i c h i 2 0 S A L
1 8
2 4 3
2 4 4 8
7 2 1
3 2
1 5 1 0 % 2 0 0 m l
2 2
2 4 2 4
[ (
2
2
3
B o n f e r r o n i
3 F i g . 4 - 4
2
S A L M K - 8 0 1
F i g . 4 - 5
9 0 % 2
( F ( 2 , 3 6 ) = 3 . 7 7 , p < . 0 5 )
M K - 8 0 1
S A L ( p = . 0 8 )
F i g . 4 - 4 M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K ) S A L
( n e o S A L ) 3 2 4
F i g . 4 - 5 M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K ) S A L ( n e o S A L )
F i g . 4 - 6 M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K ) S A L ( n e o S A L )
3
( F ( 1 , 1 8 ) = 9 . 6 6 , p < . 0 1 )
( F ( 2 , 1 7 ) = 8 7 . 7 9 , p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 1 , 1 8 ) = 5 5 6 . 4 8 ,
p < . 0 1 )
( F ( 2 , 3 6 ) = 7 7 . 8 3 , p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 1 , 1 8 ) = 11 . 0 4 ,
p < . 0 1 ) S A L
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
S A L ( p < . 0 1 )
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 S A L M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
3
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
3 M A P
M A P
M A P
D e S o u s a e t a l . ( 2 0 0 0 )
M A P
M A P
M A P
( D e S o u s a e t a l . , 2 0 0 0 ) M A P
M K - 8 0 1 M A P
M A P M A P
M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
( Wa t t s , 1 9 9 8 )
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
N M D A
3 M K - 8 0 1 m e t h a m p h e t a m i n e 5
3 M K - 8 0 1 M A P
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
5 N M D A
1 4 M K - 8 0 1
2 M A P
Wi s t a r- I m a m i c h i 2 1 1 4
3 4 1
1 5 2
M A P t ( 5 0 % )
t
F i g . 4 - 7 ( F i g . 4 - 7 A , B ) t
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
( t ( 1 7 ) = 1 . 5 8 , p = . 0 7 9 )
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
M A P F i g . 4 - 8
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
( t ( 9 ) = 3 . 7 8 , p < . 0 1 ; t ( 8 ) = 4 . 3 5 , p < . 0 1 ) M A P
F i g . 4 - 7 M K - 8 0 1 ( A d u l t M K - 8 0 1 )
S A L ( A d u l t S A L ) ( A )
( B ) (
F i g . 4 - 8 M A P
M K - 8 0 1 ( M K - 8 0 1 ) S A L
( S A L ) ( S E M ) * * ( 5 0 % )
M A P
M K - 8 0 1
( 3 ) M K - 8 0 1 M A P
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A N M D A
N M D A
1 4 1 2
M K - 8 0 1 ( 0 . 2 m g / k g )
( O ’ D o n n e l e t a l . , 2 0 0 3 )
O ’ D o n n e l e t a l . ( 2 0 0 3 )
2 O ’ D o n n e l e t a l . ( 2 0 0 3 )
4
K a w a b e e t a l . ( 2 0 0 7 )
N M D A
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
3
5 N M D A
1 M K - 8 0 1
6
4 M K - 8 0 1 M A P
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
6 N M D A
M K - 8 0 1 ( C S )
Wi s t a r- I m a m i c h i 1 7 S A L
9 M K - 8 0 1 8 1 6
5
1 1 3
1 6
1 8 0
1 2 0 1 8 0 ( 0 . 3 m A ,
1 ) 2
2
3 0 1
7 0 %
2 4 7 1 1
3 0 0
1 7 0 %
3 0
2
S A L M K - 8 0 1
F i g . 5 - 1 2 (
)
( F ( 5 , 7 5 ) = 7 8 . 6 5 , p < . 0 1 )
7 S A L M K - 8 0 1
F i g . 5 - 2 2 (
)
( F ( 6 , 9 0 ) = 6 5 . 7 4 , p < . 0 1 )
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
M K - 8 0 1
2 4
F i g . 5 - 1 S A L ( n e o S A L )
F i g . 5 - 2 S A L
( n e o S A L ) M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K - 8 0 1 )
S A L
2 4
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 S A L M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
( P h i l l i p s & L e d o u x , 1 9 9 2 )
( A n a g n o s t a r a s e t a l . , 1 9 9 9 ;
( C h o e t a l . , 1 9 9 9 )
M K - 8 0 1
3 1
( Wi l t g e n e t a l . , 2 0 0 6 ) 2
M K - 8 0 1 2
M K - 8 0 1
2 M K - 8 0 1 7
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
7 N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
f l i n c h - j u m p
Wi s t a r- I m a m i c h i 1 8 S A L
9 M K - 8 0 1 9 7
1 2 0 1 0
( 1 0 k H z ) ( C S ) C S 9
( 0 . 3 m A ) ( U S ) 1
6 0
2
2 0
1 7 0 %
6 3 6 0
1 2 0 6 0 6 0 2
6 0 1
1 2 0
F l i n c h - j u m p
f l i n c h - j u m p
6 0
3 0 0 . 0 5 m A 0 . 8 m A 0 . 0 5
F l i n c h
v o c a l i z a t i o n
j u m p 3
f l i n c h v o c a l i z a t i o n j u m p 3
2 0
2
1 2 0
2
F l i n c h - j u m p f l i n c h v o c a l i z a t i o n
j u m p
2
S A L M K - 8 0 1
F i g . 5 - 3 2 (
)
( F ( 1 2 , 1 9 2 ) = 4 6 . 0 3 , p < . 0 1 )
F i g . 5 - 3 S A L ( n e o S A L )
M K - 8 0 1 F i g . 5 - 4 2 ( )
( F ( 5 , 8 0 ) = 3 8 . 5 0 , p < . 0 1 )
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
6 S A L
M K - 8 0 1 F i g . 5 - 5 2 (
) ( F ( 6 , 9 0 ) = 8 8 . 5 9 , p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 1 , 1 6 ) = 4 . 7 2 , p < . 0 5 )
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
F l i n c h - j u m p
F i g . 5 - 6 2 (
) ( F ( 2 , 3 2 ) = 8 3 . 2 3 ,
p < . 0 1 ) ( F ( 1 , 1 6 ) = 4 . 8 7 , p < . 0 5 )
F i g . 5 - 4
1 2 0 S A L ( n e o S A L ) M K - 8 0 1
F i g . 5 - 5
S A L ( n e o S A L ) M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o
F i g . 5 - 6 F l i n c h - j u m p S A L ( n e o S A L )
M K - 8 0 1 ( n e o M K - 8 0 1 ) f l i n c h v o c a l i z a t i o n j u m p
M K - 8 0 1 S A L
1 2 0
f l i n c h - j u m p
M K - 8 0 1 f l i n c h v o c a l i z a t i o n
j u m p
M K - 8 0 1
6
1 2 0
5 0
2
M K - 8 0 1
6
M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
f l i n c h - j u m p M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
C S
M K - 8 0 1
( P h i l l i p s & L e D o u x , 1 9 9 2 )
L e D o u x ( 2 0 0 0 )
L A
( R o m a n s k i e t a l . , 1 9 9 3 ) C S U S
( b a s o l a t e r a l a m y g d a l o i d n u c l e i ; B L A ) L A
( C a n t e r a s & S w a n s o n , 1 9 9 2 ) B L A
L A B L A
( c e n t r a l a m y g d a l o i d n u c l e i ; C e A ) C e A
B L A
L A
( C a l a n d r e a u e t a l . , 2 0 0 5 ; N a d e r e t a l . , 2 0 0 1 ) N M D A
N M D A
C S M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
C S
C S
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
6
N M D A B L A
6
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1 s c o p o l a m i n e
3 M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1
s c o p o l a m i n e
N M D A N M D A
N M D A N M D A
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 a ; S i r c a r, 2 0 0 3 ) M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
s c o p o l a m i n e N M D A
P C P P F C
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 b ) N M D A
N M D A
( F e u e r s t e i n , 1 9 9 4 ) N M D A
N M D A
P F C P F C
s c o p o l a m i n e
s c o p o l a m i n e
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
4 N M D A m e t h a m p h e t a m i n e
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
N M D A
5 M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
B L A
L A
( N a d e r e t a l . , 2 0 0 1 ; C a l a n d r e a u e t a l . , 2 0 0 5 )
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A N M D A
N M D A
N M D A M 1 / M 4
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 b )
( L e v e y e t a l . , 1 9 9 1 )
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A N M D A
N M D A
3 2 3
b r a i n g r o w t h s p u r t
( B a i e r e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 ; F r e d r i k s s o n & A r c h e r, 2 0 0 3 )
( Ts e n g e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 ; R e z v a n i e t a l . , 2 0 0 8 ) 7
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
k e t a m i n e P C P s c o p o l a m i n e
( J a v i t t & Z u k i n , 1 9 9 1 ; K r y s t a l e t a l . , 1 9 9 4 ; L a h t i e t a l . , 1 9 9 5 ; Ta n d o n e t a l . , 1 9 9 1 ; H a l p e r n , 2 0 0 4 )
M K - 8 0 1 s c o p o l a m i n e M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
P P I ( Wa n g e t a l . , 2 0 0 3 ; U e h a r a e t
a l . , 2 0 1 0 ) s c o p o l a m i n e P P I c l o z a p i n e P P I
( S i n g e r & Ye e , 2 0 1 2 ) C l o z a p i n e
1 M 4
( Z o r n e t a l . , 1 9 9 4 ; Z e n g e t a l . , 1 9 9 7 ) N M D A
( C h a n g e t a l . , 1 9 9 9 ; G u t o w s k i & C h e c h i l e , 1 9 8 7 ; L i e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 ; R u d e l e t a l . , 1 9 7 6 )
N M D A
N M D A
( N M D A )
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
1 N - m e t h y l - D - a s p a r t a t e ( N M D A )
N M D A N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
s c o p o l a m i n e N M D A
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 b ) N M D A
N M D A
N M D A M K - 8 0 1
s c o p o l a m i n e
( 3 ) N M D A
N M D A N M D A
N M D A M K - 8 0 1
2
3 M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1 s c o p o l a m i n e
( 1 ) N M D A
N M D A N M D A
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 a ; S i r c a r, 2 0 0 3 ) M K - 8 0 1 N M D A
s c o p o l a m i n e N M D A
N M D A
( d u B o i s e t a l . , 2 0 0 9 b )
M K - 8 0 1 M K - 8 0 1
( 2 )
N M D A
4 N M D A m e t h a m p h e t a m i n e
( 1 )
( 2 )
N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
m e t h a m p h e t a m i n e ( 3
) N M D A
5 N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
( 1 )
( 2 )
N M D A
N M D A N M D A
M K - 8 0 1
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
s c o p o l a m i n e s c o p o l a m i n e
M K - 8 0 1
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
N M D A
A b r a h a m , W. C . , a n d M a s o n , S . E . ( 1 9 8 8 ) . E f f e c t s o f t h e N M D A r e c e p t o r / c h a n n e l a n t a g o n i s t s C P P a n d M K 8 0 1 o n h i p p o c a m p a l f i e l d p o t e n t i a l s a n d l o n g - t e r m p o t e n t i a t i o n i n a n e s t h e t i z e d r a t s . B r a i n R e s . 4 6 2, 4 0 4 6 .
A k i l l i o g l u , K . , B i n o k a y , S . , a n d K o c a h a n , S . ( 2 0 1 2 ) . T h e e f f e c t o f n e o n a t a l N - m e t h y l - D - a s p a r t a t e r e c e p t o r b l o c k a d e o n e x p l o r a t o r y a n d a n x i e t y - l i k e b e h a v i o r s i n a d u l t B A L B / c a n d C 5 7 B L / 6 m i c e . B e h a v . B r a i n R e s . 2 3 3, 1 5 7 – 1 6 1 .
A m a n i , M . , S a m a d i , H . , D o o s t i , M . - H . , A z a r f a r i n , M . , B a k h t i a r i , A . , M a j i d i - Z o l b a n i n , N . , M i r z a - R a h i m i , M . , a n d S a l a r i , A . - A . ( 2 0 1 3 ) . N e o n a t a l N M D A r e c e p t o r b l o c k a d e a l t e r s a n x i e t y - a n d d e p r e s s i o n - r e l a t e d b e h a v i o r s i n a s e x - d e p e n d e n t m a n n e r i n m i c e . N e u r o p h a r m a c o l o g y 7 3, 8 7 – 9 7 .
A n a g n o s t a r a s , S . G . , M a r e n , S . , a n d F a n s e l o w , M . S . ( 1 9 9 9 ) . T e m p o r a l l y g r a d e d r e t r o g r a d e a m n e s i a o f c o n t e x t u a l f e a r a f t e r h i p p o c a m p a l d a m a g e i n r a t s : w i t h i n - s u b j e c t s e x a m i n a t i o n . J . N e u r o s c i . 1 9, 1 1 0 6 – 1 1 1 4 .
A n d e r s e n , J . D . , a n d P o u z e t , B . ( 2 0 0 4 ) . S p a t i a l m e m o r y d e f i c i t s i n d u c e d b y p e r i n a t a l t r e a t m e n t o f r a t s w i t h P C P a n d r e v e r s a l e f f e c t o f D - s e r i n e . N e u r o p s y c h o p h a r m a c o l o g y 2 9, 1 0 8 0 – 1 0 9 0 . D e l A r c o , A . , S e g o v i a , G . , a n d M o r a , F . ( 2 0 0 8 ) . B l o c k a d e o f N M D A
P s y c h o p h a r m a c o l o g y 2 0 1, 3 2 5 – 3 3 8 .
B a i e r , P . C . , B l u m e , A . , K o c h , J . , M a r x , A . , F r i t z e r , G . , A l d e n h o f f , J . B . , a n d S c h i f f e l h o l z , T . ( 2 0 0 9 ) . E a r l y p o s t n a t a l d e p l e t i o n o f N M D A r e c e p t o r d e v e l o p m e n t a f f e c t s b e h a v i o u r a n d N M D A r e c e p t o r e x p r e s s i o n u n t i l l a t e r a d u l t h o o d i n r a t s - - a p o s s i b l e m o d e l f o r s c h i z o p h r e n i a . B e h a v . B r a i n R e s . 2 0 5, 9 6 – 1 0 1 .
B a r d o , M . T . , a n d B e v i n s , R . A . ( 2 0 0 0 ) . C o n d i t i o n e d p l a c e p r e f e r e n c e : w h a t d o e s i t a d d t o o u r p r e c l i n i c a l u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f d r u g r e w a r d ? P s y c h o p h a r m a c o l o g y ( B e r l . ) 1 5 3, 3 1 – 4 3 .
B a r n e s , C . A . ( 1 9 7 9 ) . M e m o r y d e f i c i t s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h s e n e s c e n c e : a n e u r o p h y s i o l o g i c a l a n d b e h a v i o r a l s t u d y i n t h e r a t . J C o m p P h y s i o l P s y c h o l 9 3, 7 4 – 1 0 4 .
B a r n e s , C . A . , a n d M c N a u g h t o n , B . L . ( 1 9 8 5 ) . A n a g e c o m p a r i s o n o f t h e r a t e s o f a c q u i s i t i o n a n d f o r g e t t i n g o f s p a t i a l i n f o r m a t i o n i n r e l a t i o n t o l o n g - t e r m e n h a n c e m e n t o f h i p p o c a m p a l s y n a p s e s . B e h a v . N e u r o s c i . 9 9, 1 0 4 0 – 1 0 4 8 .
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B o c t o r , S . Y . , a n d F e r g u s o n , S . A . ( 2 0 1 0 ) . A l t e r e d a d u l t l o c o m o t o r a c t i v i t y i n r a t s f r o m p h e n c y c l i d i n e t r e a t m e n t o n p o s t n a t a l d a y s 7 , 9 a n d 1 1 , b u t n o t r e p e a t e d k e t a m i n e t r e a t m e n t o n p o s t n a t a l d a y 7 . N e u r o t o x i c o l o g y 3 1, 4 2 – 5 4 .
D u B o i s , T . M . , H s u , C . - W . , L i , Y . , T a n , Y . Y . , D e n g , C . , a n d H u a n g , X . - F . ( 2 0 0 8 ) . A l t e r e d d o p a m i n e r e c e p t o r a n d d o p a m i n e t r a n s p o r t e r b i n d i n g a n d t y r o s i n e h y d r o x y l a s e m R N A e x p r e s s i o n f o l l o w i n g p e r i n a t a l N M D A r e c e p t o r b l o c k a d e . N e u r o c h e m . R e s . 3 3, 1 2 2 4 – 1 2 3 1 .
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D u B o i s , T . M . , N e w e l l , K . A . , H a n , M . , D e n g , C . , a n d H u a n g , X . - F . ( 2 0 0 9 b ) . P e r i n a t a l P C P t r e a t m e n t a l t e r s t h e d e v e l o p m e n t a l e x p r e s s i o n o f p r e f r o n t a l a n d h i p p o c a m p a l m u s c a r i n i c r e c e p t o r s . P r o g . N e u r o p s y c h o p h a r m a c o l . B i o l . P s y c h i a t r y 3 3, 3 7 – 4 0 .
R e s . 1 9 0, 1 6 0 – 1 6 3 .
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C h a n g , H . T. , K l o r m a n , R . , S h a y w i t z , S . E . , F l e t c h e r, J . M . , M a r c h i o n e , K . E . , H o l a h a n , J . M . , S t u e b i n g , K . K . , B r u m a g h i m , J . T. , a n d S h a y w i t z , B . A . ( 1 9 9 9 ) . P a i r e d - a s s o c i a t e l e a r n i n g i n a t t e n t i o n - d e f i c i t / h y p e r a c t i v i t y d i s o r d e r a s a f u n c t i o n o f h y p e r a c t i v i t y - i m p u l s i v i t y a n d o p p o s i t i o n a l d e f i a n t d i s o r d e r. J A b n o r m C h i l d P s y c h o l 2 7, 2 3 7 2 4 5 .
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C h o , Y . H . , F r i e d m a n , E . , a n d S i l v a , A . J . ( 1 9 9 9 ) . I b o t e n a t e l e s i o n s o f t h e h i p p o c a m p u s i m p a i r s p a t i a l l e a r n i n g b u t n o t c o n t e x t u a l f e a r c o n d i t i o n i n g i n m i c e . B e h a v . B r a i n R e s . 9 8, 7 7 – 8 7 .
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2 1 – 3 4 .
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D o b b i n g , J . , a n d S a n d s , J . ( 1 9 7 9 ) . C o m p a r a t i v e a s p e c t s o f t h e b r a i n g r o w t h s p u r t . E a r l y H u m . D e v . 3, 7 9 – 8 3 .
E l h a r d t , M . , M a r t i n e z , L . , a n d T e j a d a - S i m o n , M . V . ( 2 0 1 0 ) . N e u r o c h e m i c a l , b e h a v i o r a l a n d a r c h i t e c t u r a l c h a n g e s a f t e r c h r o n i c i n a c t i v a t i o n o f N M D A r e c e p t o r s i n m i c e . N e u r o s c i . L e t t .
4 6 8, 1 6 6 – 1 7 1 .
F a c c h i n e t t i , F . , C i a n i , E . , D a l l ’ O l i o , R . , V i r g i l i , M . , C o n t e s t a b i l e , A . , a n d F o n n u m , F . ( 1 9 9 3 ) . S t r u c t u r a l , n e u r o c h e m i c a l a n d b e h a v i o u r a l c o n s e q u e n c e s o f n e o n a t a l b l o c k a d e o f N M D A r e c e p t o r t h r o u g h c h r o n i c t r e a t m e n t w i t h C G P 3 9 5 5 1 o r M K - 8 0 1 . B r a i n R e s . D e v . B r a i n R e s . 7 4, 2 1 9 – 2 2 4 .
c o m p e t i t i v e a n t a g o n i s t C G P 3 9 5 5 1 i n r a t s . N e u r o s c i e n c e 6 0, 3 4 3 – 3 5 3 .
F e e n s t r a , M . G . P . , B o t t e r b l o m , M . H . A . , a n d v a n U u m , J . F . M . ( 2 0 0 2 ) . B e h a v i o r a l a r o u s a l a n d i n c r e a s e d d o p a m i n e e f f l u x a f t e r b l o c k a d e o f N M D A - r e c e p t o r s i n t h e p r e f r o n t a l c o r t e x a r e d e p e n d e n t o n a c t i v a t i o n o f g l u t a m a t e r g i c n e u r o t r a n s m i s s i o n . N e u r o p h a r m a c o l o g y 4 2, 7 5 2 – 7 6 3 .
F l o r e s c o , S . B . ( 2 0 1 3 ) . P r e f r o n t a l d o p a m i n e a n d b e h a v i o r a l f l e x i b i l i t y : s h i f t i n g f r o m a n “ i n v e r t e d - U ” t o w a r d a f a m i l y o f f u n c t i o n s . F r o n t N e u r o s c i 7, 6 2 .
F l o r e s c o , S . B . , M a g y a r , O . , G h o d s - S h a r i f i , S . , V e x e l m a n , C . , a n d T s e , M . T . L . ( 2 0 0 6 ) . M u l t i p l e d o p a m i n e r e c e p t o r s u b t y p e s i n t h e m e d i a l p r e f r o n t a l c o r t e x o f t h e r a t r e g u l a t e s e t - s h i f t i n g . N e u r o p s y c h o p h a r m a c o l o g y 3 1, 2 9 7 – 3 0 9 .
F o r s t e r, G . L . , a n d B l a h a , C . D . ( 2 0 0 0 ) . L a t e r o d o r s a l t e g m e n t a l s t i m u l a t i o n e l i c i t s d o p a m i n e e f f l u x i n t h e r a t n u c l e u s a c c u m b e n s b y a c t i v a t i o n o f a c e t y l c h o l i n e a n d g l u t a m a t e r e c e p t o r s i n t h e v e n t r a l t e g m e n t a l a r e a . E u r. J . N e u r o s c i . 1 2, 3 5 9 6 3 6 0 4 .
F o r s t e r, G . L . , a n d B l a h a , C . D . ( 2 0 0 3 ) . P e d u n c u l o p o n t i n e t e g m e n t a l s t i m u l a t i o n e v o k e s s t r i a t a l d o p a m i n e e f f l u x b y a c t i v a t i o n o f a c e t y l c h o l i n e a n d g l u t a m a t e r e c e p t o r s i n t h e m i d b r a i n a n d p o n s o f t h e r a t . E u r. J . N e u r o s c i . 1 7, 7 5 1 7 6 2 .
F o s t e r, A . C . , a n d F a g g , G . E . ( 1 9 8 7 ) . N e u r o b i o l o g y. Ta k i n g a p a r t N M D A r e c e p t o r s . N a t u r e 3 2 9, 3 9 5 3 9 6 .
p o s t n a t a l N M D A a n t a g o n i s t t r e a t m e n t : r e v e r s a l b y D - a m p h e t a m i n e . N e u r o t o x R e s 5, 5 4 9 5 6 4 .
F u j i i , W . , K u r i b a r a , H . , a n d T a d o k o r o , S . ( 1 9 9 0 ) . C r o s s i n t e r a c t i o n b e t w e e n m e t h a m p h e t a m i n e a n d s c o p o l a m i n e b y m e a n s o f a m b u l a t o r y a c t i v i t y i n m i c e . J p n . J . P h a r m a c o l . 5 2, 5 3 3 – 5 3 9 . G o r t e r , J . A . , a n d d e B r u i n , J . P . ( 1 9 9 2 ) . C h r o n i c n e o n a t a l M K - 8 0 1
t r e a t m e n t r e s u l t s i n a n i m p a i r m e n t o f s p a t i a l l e a r n i n g i n t h e a d u l t r a t . B r a i n R e s . 5 8 0, 1 2 – 1 7 .
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G o r t e r , J . A . , V e e r m a n , M . , a n d M i r m i r a n , M . ( 1 9 9 2 b ) . H i p p o c a m p a l n e u r o n a l r e s p o n s i v e n e s s t o N M D A a g o n i s t s a n d a n t a g o n i s t s i n t h e a d u l t r a t n e o n a t a l l y t r e a t e d w i t h M K - 8 0 1 . B r a i n R e s . 5 7 2, 1 7 6 – 1 8 1 .
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1 3 8 .
1 8, 1 7 0 6 – 1 7 1 0 .
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H e b b , D . O . ( 1 9 4 9 ) . T h e o r g a n i z a t i o n o f b e h a v i o r. N e w Yo r k : Wi l e y H i r a i , K . , Y o s h i o k a , H . , K i h a r a , M . , H a s e g a w a , K . , S a k a m o t o , T . ,
S a w a d a , T . , a n d F u s h i k i , S . ( 1 9 9 9 ) . I n h i b i t i n g n e u r o n a l m i g r a t i o n b y b l o c k i n g N M D A r e c e p t o r s i n t h e e m b r y o n i c r a t c e r e b r a l c o r t e x : a t i s s u e c u l t u r e s t u d y . B r a i n R e s . D e v . B r a i n R e s . 1 1 4, 6 3 – 6 7 . H i r a s a w a , T . , W a d a , H . , K o h s a k a , S . , a n d U c h i n o , S . ( 2 0 0 3 ) .
I n h i b i t i o n o f N M D A r e c e p t o r s i n d u c e s d e l a y e d n e u r o n a l m a t u r a t i o n a n d s u s t a i n e d p r o l i f e r a t i o n o f p r o g e n i t o r c e l l s d u r i n g n e o c o r t i c a l d e v e l o p m e n t . J . N e u r o s c i . R e s . 7 4, 6 7 6 – 6 8 7 .
I k o n o m i d o u , C . , B o s c h , F . , M i k s a , M . , B i t t i g a u , P . , V ö c k l e r , J . , D i k r a n i a n , K . , T e n k o v a , T . I . , S t e f o v s k a , V . , T u r s k i , L . , a n d O l n e y , J . W . ( 1 9 9 9 ) . B l o c k a d e o f N M D A r e c e p t o r s a n d a p o p t o t i c n e u r o d e g e n e r a t i o n i n t h e d e v e l o p i n g b r a i n . S c i e n c e 2 8 3, 7 0 – 7 4 . I s a a c , W . L . , N o n n e m a n , A . J . , N e i s e w a n d e r , J . , L a n d e r s , T . , a n d
B a r d o , M . T . ( 1 9 8 9 ) . P r e f r o n t a l c o r t e x l e s i o n s d i f f e r e n t i a l l y d i s r u p t c o c a i n e - r e i n f o r c e d c o n d i t i o n e d p l a c e p r e f e r e n c e b u t n o t c o n d i t i o n e d t a s t e a v e r s i o n . B e h a v . N e u r o s c i . 1 0 3, 3 4 5 – 3 5 5 .
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( P C P ) - l i k e d r u g s o n t u r n i n g b e h a v i o r , 3 H - d o p a m i n e u p t a k e , a n d 3 H - P C P b i n d i n g . P h a r m a c o l . B i o c h e m . B e h a v . 2 2, 7 3 1 – 7 3 5 .
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