Chapter 6........................................................................................................................ 117
6.2 Recommendations
120
121
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129
Publications
• Prabij Joshi, Atsushi Kondo, Naoyuki Watanabe. Progressive failure analysis of carbon-fibre/epoxy composites laminates to study the effect of stitch densities under in-plane tensile loading, Plastic, Rubber and Composite: Macro-molecular Engineering, Vol 46, pp 147-154, 2017
• Prabij Joshi, Atsushi Kondo, Naoyuki Watanabe. Numerical Analysis To Study The Effect Of Through-Thickness Reinforcement With Different Stitch
Orientations On Open-Hole Laminates, Plastic, Rubber, and Composite: Macro molecular Engineering, Vol 45, pp 445-454, 2016
130
Conference Presentations
1. Prabij Joshi, Atsushi Kondo, Naoyuki Watanabe. Progressive Failure Analysis of Stitched Composite with Varied Stitched Density on In-plane Tensile Loading, 17th-US-Japan Conference On Composite Materials, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, August1-2, 2016
2. Prabij Joshi, Atsushi Kondo, Naoyuki Watanabe. Numerical Analysis Of Carbon Fibre/Epoxy Stitched Laminates With Varied Through-Thickness Stitched Density, 17th European Conference on Composite Materials-ECCM-17, Munich, Germany, June 26-30, 2016.
3. Prabij Joshi, Satoshi Morooka, Atsushi Kondo, Naoyuki Watanabe. Numerical Analysis of Carbon-fibre/Epoxy Reinforced Composite Laminates to Study the Effect of Varied Stitched Density, 7th Japan Composite Materials Conference-JCCM-7, Kyoto, Japan, March 16-18, 2015.
4. Prabij Joshi, Satoshi Morooka, Atsushi Kondo, Naoyuki Watanabe. Numerical Analysis of Carbon-fibre/Epoxy Reinforced Composite Laminates with Varied Stitched Density on Tensile Loading, 10th Korea-Japan Symposium on Composite Materials, Korea, October 28-30, 2015.
5. Prabij Joshi, Satoshi Morooka, Atsushi Kondo, Naoyuki Watanabe. Numerical Analysis on Open-hole Carbon-fibre/epoxy Stitched Laminates with Different Stitched Orientation, 20th International Conference on Composite Materials, Copenhagen, Denmark, July 19-24, 2015.
131
Appendix A
USER DEFINATION FOR FAILURE SIMULATION
User Defined Subroutine for Varied Density Stitched Laminates
$ Direct Text Input for Nastran System Cell Section NASTRAN SYSTEM(151)=1
NASTRAN SYSTEM(316)=19 SOL 400
CEND
BCONTACT = 0 SUBCASE 1 STEP 1
SUBTITLE=Stitchcontact ANALYSIS = NLSTATIC NLSTEP = 1
BCONTACT = 1 SPC = 2
LOAD = 1
DISPLACEMENT(PLOT,SORT1,REAL)=ALL
STRAIN(PLOT,SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,STRCUR,BILIN)=ALL STRESS(PLOT,SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,BILIN)=ALL
NLSTRESS(PLOT,SORT1)=ALL BOUTPUT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL BEGIN BULK
PARAM PRTMAXIM YES
BCPARA 0 NLGLUE 1 IBSEP 1 FTYPE 6 PARAM LGDISP 1
NLSTEP 1 1.
GENERAL 10 1 10
ADAPT .05 1.-5 .05 4 1.2 0 6 2.-4
MECH PV
PFNT .2 BCTABL1 0 8001
BCONECT 8001 3001 2 1
BCONPRG 3001 IGLUE 2 ISEARCH 1
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: composite
BCBODY1 1 5001 3D DEFORM 18 BCBDPRP 5001 FRIC .3
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: sttitch
BCBODY1 2 5002 3D DEFORM 19 BCBDPRP 5002 FRIC .3
BCPROP 19 11 ENDDATA
132
User Defined Subroutine for Open-hole Stitched Laminates
$ Direct Text Input for Nastran System Cell Section NASTRAN SYSTEM(316)=19
SOL 400 CEND
BCONTACT = 0 SUBCASE 1 STEP 1
SUBTITLE=0penholecontact ANALYSIS = NLSTATIC NLSTEP = 1
BCONTACT = 1 SPC = 2
LOAD = 2
DISPLACEMENT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL
STRAIN(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,STRCUR,BILIN)=ALL STRESS(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,BILIN)=ALL
NLSTRESS(SORT1)=ALL BOUTPUT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL BEGIN BULK
PARAM PRTMAXIM YES
BCPARA 0 NLGLUE 1 IBSEP 3 FTYPE 6 PARAM LGDISP 1
NLSTEP 1 1.
GENERAL 10 1 10
ADAPT .1 1.-5 .5 4 1.2 0 6 2.-4
MECH PV
PFNT .2 BCTABL1 0 8001
BCONECT 8001 3001 2 1
BCONPRG 3001 IGLUE 2 ISEARCH 1 BCTABL1 1 8001
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: composite
BCBODY1 1 5001 3D DEFORM 5 BCBDPRP 5001 FRIC .3
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: stitch
BCBODY1 2 5002 3D DEFORM 6 BCBDPRP 5002 FRIC .3
ENDDATA
133
User Defined Subroutine for Advance Composite Wing Analysis
$ Direct Text Input for Nastran System Cell Section NASTRAN SYSTEM(151)=1
NASTRAN SYSTEM(69)=16 NASTRAN SYSTEM(146)=4 NASTRAN BUFFSIZE=99999999 NASTRAN SYSTEM(386)=1 NASTRAN SYSTEM(445)=1 NASTRAN SYSTEM(449)=1 NASTRAN SYSTEM(316)=19 SOL 400
CEND
BCONTACT = 0 SUBCASE 1 STEP 1
SUBTITLE=loadcasegroup ANALYSIS = NLSTATIC NLSTEP = 1
BCONTACT = 1 SPC = 2
LOAD = 2
DISPLACEMENT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL
STRAIN(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,STRCUR,BILIN)=ALL STRESS(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,BILIN)=ALL
NLSTRESS(SORT1)=ALL BOUTPUT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL BEGIN BULK
$ Direct Text Input for Bulk Data PARAM PRTMAXIM YES
BCPARA 0 NLGLUE 0 IBSEP 4 FTYPE 6
PARAM LGDISP 1
NLSTEP 1 1.
GENERAL 10 1 10
ADAPT .25 1.-5 .5 4 1. 0 6
2.-4 MECH A PFNT .2
BCTABL1 0 8001 8002 8003 8004 8005 8006 8007
8008 8009 8010 8011 8012 8013 8014 8015
8016 8017 8018 8019 8020 8021 8022 8023
8024 8025 8026
BCONECT 8001 3001 1 3
BCONECT 8002 3002 3 4
BCONECT 8003 3003 3 10
BCONECT 8004 3004 4 2
BCONECT 8005 3005 4 5
BCONECT 8006 3006 4 6
BCONECT 8007 3007 4 9
BCONECT 8008 3008 5 5
134
BCONECT 8009 3009 6 6
BCONECT 8010 3010 7 4
BCONECT 8011 3011 7 11
BCONECT 8012 3012 8 9
BCONECT 8013 3013 8 10
BCONECT 8014 3014 8 11
BCONECT 8015 3015 12 8
BCONECT 8016 3016 13 8
BCONECT 8017 3017 14 8
BCONECT 8018 3018 15 3
BCONECT 8019 3019 15 7
BCONECT 8020 3020 15 14
BCONECT 8021 3021 15 16
BCONECT 8022 3022 15 17
BCONECT 8023 3023 15 18
BCONECT 8024 3024 16 16
BCONECT 8025 3025 17 17
BCONECT 8026 3026 18 18
BCONPRG 3001 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 5. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3002 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 2.5 IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3003 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 1. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3004 CINTERF4. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 6.5 IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3005 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3006 CINTERF2. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3007 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 1. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3008 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3009 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3010 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 3. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3011 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 1. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3012 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3013 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 1. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3014 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 1. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3015 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3016 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061
ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1 BCONPRG 3017 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
135
BCONPRG 3018 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 2.5 IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
BCONPRG 3019 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 2.5 IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
BCONPRG 3020 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 1. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
BCONPRG 3021 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
BCONPRG 3022 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
BCONPRG 3023 CINTERF1. COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 2. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
BCONPRG 3024 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 1. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
BCONPRG 3025 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 1. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
BCONPRG 3026 CINTERF.5 COPTM 1061 COPTS 1061 ERROR 1. IGLUE 4 ISEARCH 1
BCTABL1 1 8001 8002 8003 8004 8005 8006 8007 8008 8009 8010 8011 8012 8013 8014 8015 8016 8017 8018 8019 8020 8021 8022 8023 8024 8025 8026
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: flanges
BCBODY1 1 3D DEFORM 1
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: forcepad
BCBODY1 2 3D DEFORM 205
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: frontspar
BCBODY1 3 3D DEFORM 23
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: lowerskin
BCBODY1 4 3D DEFORM 2
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: lowerstringer41 BCBODY1 5 3D DEFORM 6
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: lowerstringer51 BCBODY1 6 3D DEFORM 14
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: rearspar
BCBODY1 7 3D DEFORM 5
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: ribcentre
BCBODY1 8 3D DEFORM 26
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: riblowerflange BCBODY1 9 3D DEFORM 25
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: ribpostfront1
136
BCBODY1 10 3D DEFORM 20
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: ribpostrear1
BCBODY1 11 3D DEFORM 19
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: ribstiffinerlong BCBODY1 12 3D DEFORM 22
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: ribstiffinertrans BCBODY1 13 3D DEFORM 21
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: ribupperflange BCBODY1 14 3D DEFORM 24
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: upperskin
BCBODY1 15 3D DEFORM 3
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: upperstringer41 BCBODY1 16 3D DEFORM 15
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: upperstringer51 BCBODY1 17 3D DEFORM 16
$ Deform Body Contact LBC set: upperstringer61 BCBODY1 18 3D DEFORM 17 BSURF
ENDDATA
137
Acknowledgement
First of all, I would like to extend my gratitude to my supervisor Prof. Naoyuki Watanabe, for his valuable guidance and advice with kind support during the research.
I like to thank Asst. Prof. Satoshi Morooka and Dr. Atsushi Kondo, e-Xstream Engineering, MSC Software, Japan for their generous advice and guidance throughout the research work. I like to thank Dr. Hikaru Hoshi, Japan Aerospace and Exploration Agency (JAXA) Japan, for his kind guidance and encouragement during the research.
I express my sincere appreciation to Prof. Koichi Kitazono, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Prof. Satoshi Kobayashi, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University (TMU) and Prof. Toshio Ogasawara, Department of
Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, for the valuable suggestions on the thesis.
I greatly appreciate Tokyo Metropolitan Government for the financial support from Asian Network of Major Cities 21 (ANMC-21) project. I would like to express my special thanks to my colleagues Dr. Arief Yudhanto, Dr, Radio. M, Dr. Worawat Prasil and Mr. Saharat Chanthanumataporn for valuable suggestions on the research.
I would like to thank the entire student's of Watanabe Laboratory for their friendship, guidance, and support on Japanese tradition and culture. I take this opportunity to thank TMU International House, Hino campus family for their support during research Finally, an honorable mention goes to my parents Mr. Jit B. Joshi and Mrs. Kamala Joshi, for their continuous support and encouragement and believes on me. I would like to thank Ms. Anjali Joshi, Ms Sushma Joshi, Ms Dikshya Joshi and Mrs Rashmi Shrestha for their continuous love and encouragement on every step of my life.