Recommendation

7. A modified Monod model (consisting of combined double Monod and CSTR models) with and without a biological carrier can be used to predict the optimal operating conditions for nitrate removal, degradation rate, HRT, reactor volume and required H2 supply, which can lead to cost saving via operating conditions and energy consumption. However, this modified model cannot predict system function during either the adaptation period or long-term operation..

4. The model development in this study considered only a few environmental parameters, such as nitrate and nitrite concentration, biomass concentration, total hydrogen gas supply, and biological carrier material. For implementation of the model and further study, environment parameters including temperature, dissolved hydrogen concentration, pH, scale-up unit, and reactor type should be evaluated. Moreover, only the studies presented herein were used for model simulation and validation; the model should also be validated with other previous research.

5. Cost analysis should be performed on other biological treatment systems (such as on-site treatment systems) in order to compare the best option from this study with other possibilities.

References

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