Conclusion

Reference

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Chapter 3

Analysis of Environmental Legislation Risk and Construction of Global Eco design Standards Database

for Chinese Manufacturing

Content

3.1 Research background and purpose ... 3-1 3.2 Investigation of Japanese and Chinese environment law and regulation system ... 3-4 3.2.1 Instruction of environmental law system and history in China ... 3-4 3.2.2 Comparison of Japanese and Chinese environment law and regulation ... 3-13 3.3 Analysis of Legislation risk on Chinese manufacturing ... 3-25 3.3.1 Identification of risk weighting of environment regulation ... 3-25 3.3.2 Forecast of legislation risk for sectors of manufacturing ... 3-31 3.4 Investigation of environment standardization in world ... 3-33 3.4.1 Importance of knowing well about the global environment standards ... 3-33 3.4.2 Main environment standards affecting manufacturing in the world ... 3-39 3.4.3 Influence of environment standardization to Chinese manufacturing ... 3-45 3.5 Database construction responding to global environmental standards for Chinese

export... 3-46 3.5.1 Construction of database of eco design ... 3-46 3.5.2 Application of database for export manufacturing ... 3-47 3.6 Conclusion... 3-48 Reference ... 3-50

Figure

Fig 3.1 Trend of environment accident and economic loss in China ... 3-2 Fig 3.2 Amount of laws enacted or revised in different period ... 3-2 Fig 3.3 Study purpose of chapter 3 ... 3-4 Fig 3.4 Environmental law system in China ... 3-6 Fig 3.5 Location map of cancer village ... 3-22 Fig 3.6 Average concentration of PM 2.5 from 200 to 2006 in world ... 3-27 Fig 3.7 Matrix analysis of EP & LP and risk weighting ... 3-31 Fig 3.8 Total risk score of sectors ... 3-33 Fig 3.9 Main export nation and amount of China from 2007 to 2011 ... 3-34 Fig 3.10 Main area and amount of Chinese export from 2007 to 2011 ... 3-34 Fig 3.11 Total export to these nations from 2007-2011 ... 3-35 Fig 3.12 Export as share of China GDP ... 3-35 Fig 3.13 Exchange rate of RMB/ USD ... 3-36 Fig 3.14 Recalls of Chinese product by the U.S from 2000-2010 ... 3-36 Fig 3.15 Total of recalls of different nations by U.S from 2000-2010 ... 3-37 Fig 3.16 Recalls original different nations from 2005 to February 2012 by EU ... 3-38 Fig 3.17 Product recalls origin of China by EU from 2005-2011 ... 3-38 Fig 3.18 Main danger of recalled product by RAPEX ... 3-39 Fig 3.19 Average export share of SMEs from 2003-2005 ... 3-46 Fig 3.20 Image of content of database ... 3-47 Fig 3.21 Requirement of PC export. ... 3-47

Table

Table 3.1 Accidents reported to government in China and Japan ... 3-1 Table 3.2 Comparison of bills on air and noise ... 3-14 Table 3.3 Comparison of law and regulation about Water & Soil & Ground Environment ... 3-16 Table 3.4 Comparison of law and regulation about waste and recycling... 3-17 Table 3.5 Comparison of law and regulation about health and chemicals ... 3-21 Table 3.6 Comparison of law and regulation about nature & resource ... 3-24 Table 3.7 Comparison of environment policy in both countries ... 3-25 Table 3.8 Main laws in the future ... 3-25 Table 3.9 Rank explanation of environment pollution and legislation process ... 3-26 Table 3.10 Assessment of environment legislative risk for China ... 3-30 Table 3.11 Environment pollution coefficient of sectors in manufacturing ... 3-31 Table 3.12 Evaluation basis of regulation of pollutant on sectors... 3-32 Table 3.13 Evaluation basis of regulation on sectors ... 3-32 Table 3.14 Explanation of REACH ... 3-41 Table 3.15 Restriction substance and categories apply ... 3-42 Table 3.16 Requirement of RoHS of nations ... 3-43