Fig.68 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
0
50
100
150
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 10 : Basalt)
Al V
Fig.69 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 20 : Basalt)
Al V Cr Mo
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 20 : Basalt)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
Fig.70 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 27 : Andesite)
Al V Mo
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 27 : Andesite)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
Fig.71 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0 2 4 6 8 10
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
Depth(cm)
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 32 : Andesite) AlCo NiCu ZnPb
0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
Depth(cm)
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 32 : Andesite) AlCo CuZn Pb 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
Depth(cm)
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 32 : Andesite) AlV Mo
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 0
30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 41 : Basalt)
Al V Cr Mo
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 41 : Basalt)
Al Co Ni Cu Zn Pb
Fig.72 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
Fig.73 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elementsand depth in brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Al normalized value
Depth(cm)
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 42 : Basalt)
AlCo CuZn Pb
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Al normalized value
Depth(cm)
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 42 : Basalt)
AlNi
0 1 2 3 4
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Al normalized value
Depth(cm)
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 42 : Basalt)
AlV Mo
Fig.74 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 45 : Basalt)
Al V Mo
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 45 : Basalt)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
Fig.75 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(Ishigaki Island area).
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
Depth(cm)
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 3)
AlV CrMo
-1 4 9 14 19 24 29 34
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
Depth(cm)
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 3)
AlCo NiCu ZnPb
-1 1 3 5 7 9 11
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
Depth(cm)
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 3)
AlNi CuZn Pb
Fig.76 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(Ishigaki Island area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 8)
Al V Cr Mo
0 2 4 6 8 10
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 8)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
Fig.77 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa central part area).
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 0
30 60 90 120 150 180
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 10)
Al V Cr Mo
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 10)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
Fig.78 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa central part area).
0 2 4 6 8
20 0 40 60 100 80 120 140 160 180 200 220
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 13)
Al V Cr Mo
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
20 0 40 60 100 80 120 140 160 180 200 220
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 13)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
Fig.79 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa southern part area).
-0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 20
40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Alkaline 18)
Al Co Ni Cu Zn Pb -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Alkaline 18)
Al V
Cr Mo
Fig.80 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa southern part area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Alkaline 19)
Al V Cr Mo
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Alkaline 19)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
Fig.81 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa northern part area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 21)
Al V Cr Mo
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 21)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
Fig.82 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa northern part area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 22)
Al V Cr Mo
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 22)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
Fig.83 Relations between Al normalized value of base metal elements and depth in laterite (Oahu Island area).
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0 100 200 300 400 500
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Laterite(Hawaii 1)
Al V Cr Mo
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
0 100 200 300 400 500
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Laterite(Hawaii 1)
Al Co
Ni Cu
Zn Pb
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu -80
-60 -40 -20 0
R at e of v ar ia bi lit y (% )
Andosol (Hadano)
A B Loam
Fig.84 Rate of variability of rare earth elements in andosol
(Hadano area).
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb DyHo Er Tm Yb Lu -100
-50 0 50 100
R at e of v ar ia bi lit y (% )
Loam (Hiratsuka)
Fig.85 Rate of variability of rare earth elements in loam
(Hiratsuka area).
La Ce Pr NdSmEu Gd Tb DyHo Er TmYb Lu -100
-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40
R at e of v ar ia bi lit y( % )
Andosol (Akagi)
A B
Fig.86 Rate of variability of rare earth elements in andosol
(Akagi area).
La Ce Pr NdSmEu Gd Tb DyHo Er TmYb Lu -100
-50 0 50 100 150 200
R at e of v ar ia bi lit y (% )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island)
Basalt Andesite
Fig.87 Rate of variability of rare earth elements
in brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island area)
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu -100
-50 0 50 100 150 200
R at e of v ar ia bi lit y (% )
Red-yellow soil
Acidic Alkaline
Fig.88 Rate of variability of rare earth elements in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa and Ishigaki Island area).
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu -100
-80 -60 -40 -20 0
R at e of v ar ia bi lit y (% )
Laterite (Hawaii)
Fig.89 Rate of variability of rare earth elements in laterite
(Oahu and Hawaii Island area).
Fig.90 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in andosol (Hadano area).
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0 50 100 150
200
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Andosol (Hadano A)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 0
50 100 150 200
Andosol (Hadano A)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.91 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in andosol (Hadano area).
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 0
30 60 90 120 150 180
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Andosol (Hadano B)
Al Pr Nd Sm Tb Dy Ho Er Tm
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Andosol (Hadano B)
Al La
Ce Eu
Gd Yb
Lu
Fig.92 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in loam (Hiratsuka area).
0 1 2 3 4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Al normalized value
D ep th (m )
Loam (Hiratsuka)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Al normalized value
D ep th (m )
Loam (Hiratsuka)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.93 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in andosol (Akagi area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Andosol (Akagi A)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
-0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Andosol (Akagi A)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.94 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in andosol (Akagi area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Andosol (Akagi B)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
-0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Andosol (Akagi B)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.95 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3
0 50 100 150 200 250
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 7 : Basalt)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3
0 50 100 150 200 250
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 7 : Basalt)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.96 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 10 : Basalt)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 0
50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 10 : Basalt)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.97 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0.5 1 1.5 2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 20 : Basalt)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
0.8 1 1.2 1.4
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 20 : Basalt)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.98 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 27 : Andesite)
Al La Eu Gd Yb Lu
1 1.2 1.4 1.6
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 27 : Andesite)
Al Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.99 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 32 : Andesite)
Al La Eu Gd Yb Lu
0.5 1 1.5 2
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 32 : Andesite)
Al Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.100 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 41 : Basalt)
Al Pr Nd Sm Tb Dy Ho Er Tm
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 41 : Basalt)
Al
La
Ce
Eu
Gd
Yb
Lu
Fig.101 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 42 : Basalt)
Al Sm Tb Dy Ho Er Tm
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 42 : Basalt)
Al La
Eu Gd
Yb Lu
Fig.102 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in brown forest soil
(Hachijyo Island area).
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 45 : Basalt)
Al La Eu Gd Yb Lu
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island 45 : Basalt)
Al Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
-0.5 1.5 3.5 5.5 7.5 9.5 0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 3)
AlLa CeEu GdYb Lu
-0.5 1.5 3.5 5.5 7.5 9.5 11.5 0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 3)
AlPr NdSm TbDy HoEr Tm
-0.5 1.5 3.5 5.5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 3)
AlPr NdSm Tm
Fig.103 Relations between Al normalized value of rare
earth elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(Ishigaki Island area).
Fig.104 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(Ishigaki Island area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 8)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 8)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.105 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in red-yellow soil (The main island of Okinawa central part area).
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
De pt h( cm )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 10)
AlPr NdSm TbDy HoEr Tm
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
De pt h( cm )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 10)
AlLa CeEu GdYb Lu
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Al normalized value
De pt h( cm )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 10)
AlPr NdSm TbDy HoTm
Fig.106 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in red-yellow soil (The main island of Okinawa central part area).
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized vakue
De pt h( cm )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 13)
AlPr NdSm TbDy HoEr Tm
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized vakue
De pt h( cm )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 13)
AlLa CeEu GdYb Lu
0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5
0 50 100 150 200
Al normalized vakue
De pt h( cm )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 13)
AlPr NdSm TbDy HoEr
Fig.107 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa southern part area).
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
50 70 90 110 130 150
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Alkaline 18)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
50 70 90 110 130 150
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil (Alkaline 18)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.108 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa southern part area).
0 2 4 6
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Al normalized value
De pth (cm )
Red soil (Alkaline 19)
AlLa CeEu GdYb Lu
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Al normalized value
De pth (cm )
Red soil (Alkaline 19)
AlPr NdSm TbDy HoEr Tm
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Al normalized value
De pth (cm )
Red soil (Alkaline 19)
AlPr NdTb DyHo ErTm
Fig.109 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in red-yellow soil (The main island of Okinawa northen part area).
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 0
50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Al normalized value
De pt h( cm )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 21)
AlLa CeEu GdYb Lu
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Al normalized value
De pt h( cm )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 21)
AlPr NdSm TbDy HoEr Tm
0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Al normalized value
De pt h( cm )
Red-yellow soil (Acidic 21)
AlPr NdSm TbDy ErTm
Fig.110 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in red-yellow soil
(The main island of Okinawa northern part area).
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0 50 100 150 200 250
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil(Acidic 22)
Al La Ce Eu Gd Yb Lu
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
0 50 100 150 200 250
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Red-yellow soil(Acidic 22)
Al Pr
Nd Sm
Tb Dy
Ho Er
Tm
Fig.111 Relations between Al normalized value of rare earth elements and depth in laterite (Oahu Island area).
0.4 0.6 0.8 1
0 100 200 300 400 500
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Laterite (Hawaii 1)
Al Pr Nd Sm Tb Dy Ho Er Tm
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1
0 100 200 300 400 500
Al normalized value
D ep th (c m )
Laterite (Hawaii 1)
Al La
Ce Eu
Gd Yb
Lu
Fr ac tio n of sp ec ie s
Fig.112 Schematic distribution of charged surface species (denoted by the triple dashes) on ferrihydrite as afunction of pH , showing for the predominance of positive , neutral and negatively charged surface species with increasing pH. The pH of the PZNPC is found where the net surface charge is zero
(i.e., [ ≡ FeOH
2] = [ ≡ FeO ]). (Langmuir ， 1997)
+
-La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu 0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
sa m pl e/ fr es h sa m pl e
Andosol(Hadano)
Andosol A Andosol B Loam
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb DyHo Er Tm Yb Lu 0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
sa m pl e/ fr es h sa m pl e
Loam (Hiratsuka)
Fig.113 Average of fresh sample normalized REE patterns
of samples in andosol and loam (hadano and Hiratsuka).
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu 0.2
0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4
sample/fresh sample
Andosol (Akagi)
AB
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu 1
1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2
sample/fresh sample
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island : Basalt)
La Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu 0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
sample/fresh sample
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island : Andesite)
Fig.114 Average of fresh sample normalized REE patterns of samples in andosol and brown forest soil
(Akagi and Hachijyo Island).
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Yb Lu 0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
sa m pl e/ fr es h sa m pl e
Red-yellow soil
Acidic soil Alkaline soil
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb DyHo Er Tm Yb Lu 0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
sa m pl e/ fr es h sa m pl e
Laterite (Hawaii Islands)
Fig.115 Average of fresh sample normalized REE patterns
of samples in red-yellow soil and laterite (The main
island of Okinawa, Ishigaki Island and Hawaii Islands).
Fig.116 PCA plotted graph of base metal elements of Hadano samples (A:Andosol A ， B:Andosol B, C:Loam).
A
B
C D
E
F
Fig.117 PCA plotted graph of base metal elements of Hadano
samples ( A : Andosol A ， B : Andosol B ， C : Loam).
Fig.118 PCA plotted graph of base metal elements of Hiratsuka samples ．
Fe A
Fig.119 PCA plotted graph of base metal elements of Akagi samples ．
A B
C
Fig.120 PCA plotted graph of base metal elements of Akagi samples ．
A
Fig.121 PCA plotted graph of base metal elements of Hachijyou Island samples ．
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
major component 1
m aj or c om po ne nt 2
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island, Andesite)
B -0.8
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island, Basalt)
A
major component 1
m aj or c om po ne nt 2
Fig.122 PCA plotted graph of base metal elements of Hachijyo Island samples ．
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4
major component 3
m aj or c om po ne nt 4
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island, Basalt)
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.6
-0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6
major component 3
m aj or c om po ne nt 4
Brown forest soil (Hachijyo Island, Andesite)
Fig.123 PCA plotted graph of base metal elements of the main island of Okinawa and Ishigaki Island samples ．
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -0.8
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
major component 1
m aj or c om po ne nt 2
Red-yellow soil (Acidic)
Si
Ti Fe Na
Ca K
MnP Mg
Zn
Co
Cr Pb
Cu
V
Mo
A
NiB
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 -0.6
-0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
major component 1
m aj or c om po ne nt 2
Red-yellow soil (Alkaline)
Si Ti
Fe
Na Ca K
P Mn
Mg Zn
Co Cr
Pb Cu
V Mo Ni
C
ドキュメント内
慶應義塾大学大学院 理工学研究科 開放環境科学専攻
(ページ 144-200)