It contains three parts in this thesis, the ORRM design strategy, and their catalytic performance, the Li2O2 intercalation behavior on the graphite electrode, detection of the side reactions in the DMSO based electrolyte. The main conclusions are summarized as follows:
Chapter 2: the substituent modification strategy is a simple and basic approach to organic chemistry. However, it doesn’t get so much attention on the electrochemistry research. A series of AQ derivatives with continuous reduction potential change is obtained by this useful and straightforward method. The correlation between the discharge capacity and the reduction potential of ORRMs was elucidated by a series of AQ derivatives with a gradually increasing reduction potential.
The high reduction potential of ORRM will reduce the electrochemical oxygen reduction on the electrode surface as much as possible, leading to a high discharge capacity. The batteries discharged in low water content oxygen with ORRMs show tens of time increase in the discharge capacity. In comparison, the capacity would further be increased for the battery discharged in the high water content under the synergistic effect between water and ORRMs. If the water leakage rate is well controlled in a proper range, it may help to get more promotions for Li-O2 battery. Also, it still has enough space to enhance the electrochemical performance of ORRMs in the Li-O2 battery by further substituent design, such as improving the problem of solubility, stability, and mediating potential of ORRM.
In the introduction part, three methods are introduced to improve the discharge capacity. The first and straightforward method is to increase the surface area of the electrode, and the other two ways are employing ORRM or high DN solvent. This chapter involves two of the three methods, AQ-based ORRM promotes the discharge capacity via solution mechanism oxygen reduction, and a little high DN solvent water improves discharge capacity via solvating to intermediates, achieving solution-phase growth of Li2O2.
the absence of AQF or AQF2 because the F element is reported to form a SEI layer on the electrode surface which improve the battery performance in some recent research.
Possibly, the F contained AQ may become a multi-functional additive in the Li-O2
battery. In addition, ORRM exhibits a concentration effect, which limits the catalytic performance of ORRM with low solubility. Therefore, increasing the solubility of ORRM through group substitution strategy can effectively improve the catalytic effect.
In the future, these kinds of approaches can be used to improve the catalytic performance of ORRMs further.
Chapter 3: The discharge product intercalation behavior was found in the graphite-based carbon electrode in the Li-O2 battery for the first time. And this behavior was confirmed by the SEM and Raman measurements. The large surface area rise due to the graphene generates results in a large discharge capacity (120 mAh cm-2). This exclusive property would help to design a new carbon electrode for Li-O2 battery in the future.
This discovery also provides a new and moderate approach for preparing graphene in large quantities.
This interesting behavior is discovered for the first time. Still, there has great space on the electrode design based on the graphite material in the Li-O2 battery. Also, it has important meanings for the graphene preparation from the perspective of methodology.
Chapter 4: DMSO, as a high DN solvent, is an excellent solvent to conduct fundamental research. Also, it shows some advantages than the TEGDME electrolyte to some extent. However, the instability causes many side reactions. The side reaction product like DMSO2 is easy to be observed by sensitive detection approaches like NMR, SERS.
Side reactions are observed by sensitive detection methods like NMR and SERS
SERS Raman test shows a significant electrolyte volume effect. It gets more information when decreasing the quantity of electrolyte on the electrode surface due to the weaken solvent effect.
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