䐣ㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡Ỉ‽䛾పୗ

37

¾

㣗⏕ά䛾ὒ㢼໬䛾㐍ᒎ䛻䛿䚸ᨻᗓ䛻䜘䜛㣗⫱䛜ᶵ⬟䛧䛯䚹䛭 䛾⫼ᬒ䛻䛿䚸ᐙィ䛾ὒ㢼໬䛻ᑐ䛩䜛᪲┒䛺Ⴔዲ䛻ຍ䛘䛶䚸ⱝ ᖺ㱋ୡᖏ䛜ὒ㢼໬䜢ඛᑟ䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖ᵓᅗ䛜Ꮡᅾ䛧䛯䚹

¾

௒᪥䚸ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾㟂せ䜢ႏ㉳䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾ᡭἲ䠄㣗㎰ᩍ⫱䚸 ᆅᇦ䝤䝷䞁䝗໬䚸6ḟ⏘ᴗ໬䛺䛹䠅䛻ᮇᚅ䛜ᐤ䛫䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸 㧗௜ຍ౯್㎰⏘≀䜢ᚿྥ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛾䛿஧ே௨ୖ䛾㧗ᖺ㱋ୡ ᖏ䛺䛹୍㒊䛻㝈ᐃ䛥䜜䜛䚹ᖺ㱋䛜ⱝ䛟䛺䜛䜋䛹䚸ୡᖏつᶍ䛜ᑠ 䛥䛟䛺䜛䜋䛹䚸ୖグ䛻෭ῐ䛺ᾘ㈝ᵓ㐀䛻䛒䜚䚸䛭䛖䛧䛯ᵓ㐀䛻 ᇶ䛵䛟㉎㈙⾜ື䛜ඃໃ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌

¾

௒ᚋ䚸ᐙィ䛾㣗ᩱᾘ㈝䛻䛚䛡䜛ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀㟂せ䛾๭ྜ䛿ῶ ᑡ䛧䛶䛔䛟䛣䛸䛜ண᝿䛥䜜䜛䚹㣗ရ⏘ᴗ䛾ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛻ᑐ䛩䜛 㟂せ๭ྜ䛜ᐙィ㟂せ୪䜏䛻ቑຍ䛩䜜䜀䚸ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾㟂せ 䛿⥔ᣢ䛥䜜䜛䛜䚸⌧ᐇ䛿㍺ධ౫Ꮡᗘ䛜䛥䜙䛻㧗䜎䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹

38

ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾㟂せぢ㏻䛧

39

¾ ẚ㍑㟼Ꮫ䠄㒊ศᆒ⾮ศᯒ䠅

㻌 㻌

ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛸㎰ᴗ

( ; ) ( , , ; ) ( ; )

( ( ) ) ( ) ( ( ) )

A y A H H H y A A

H H H H H H H

A

t t

W p V m p y c y

m p x u

S T T T

T T T

˜

˜

A B

A B

p p

p A p B B

⥲వ๫㻌 㻌 䛿㎰ᴗ㒊㛛 䛾฼₶ 䛸ᐙィ㒊㛛 䛾ຠ⏝ 䛾ྜィ 䛸䛧䛶ᐃ⩏䛥䜜䜛䚹

W A SA^{( )}x H V_H( )x

39

䛣䛣䛷䠈㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 䠈 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 䠈 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 䠈

䛷䛒䜚䚸㻌 㻌 䛸㻌 㻌 䛿䛭䜜䛮䜜ྛ㈈䛾᭱㐺㟂せ㔞䜢⾲䛩䚹ྑ⫪䛾 䛿䝧䜽䝖䝹 䛾㌿⨨䛷䛒䜛䚹䜎䛯䚸㻌 㻌 䛸㻌 㻌 䛿ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾౯᱁䛸⏕⏘㔞䚸 䛸㻌 㻌 䛿㍺ධ

㎰⏘≀䛾౯᱁䛸⏕⏘㔞䚸㻌 㻌 䛸 䛿ෆ㣗䛾౯᱁䛸⏕⏘㔞䚸㻌 㻌 䛸㻌 㻌 䛿ᕷሙ㈤ 㔠⋡䛸వᬤ᫬㛫䚸㻌 㻌 䛿ᐙ஦ປാ᫬㛫䚸㻌 㻌 䛿ෆ㣗ᮦᩱ䛾㟂せ㔞䚸㻌 㻌 䛸㻌 㻌 䛿 බඹ㈈䠄ከ㠃ⓗᶵ⬟䠅䛾ᩘ㔞䛸䝅䝱䝗䜴䞉䝥䝷䜲䝇䚸㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 䛿㎰ᴗ䛾㈝⏝㛵ᩘ䚸 㻌 㻌 䛸㻌 㻌 䛿㎰ᴗ䛸ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䚸㻌 㻌 䛿♫఍ᡤᚓ䚸㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 䛿㈌ᖯ㟂せ䜢㝖䛟 ᐙィ䛾┤᥋ຠ⏝㛵ᩘ䛷䛒䜛䚹

( , )py w

pA A ( , )xF tH B ( , , , )xH xI tL z

A _B t

pB (pH, pI , ,w spz)

z py y_A

( ) c x TA

pH x_H

pI x_I

TH

tH

tL

w

spz

xF

mH u_H( )x

ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛜ୖ᪼䠄 䠅䛧䛶䚸ᅜ

⏘㎰⏘≀䛾ὴ⏕㟂せ᭤⥺䛜ୖ᪉䛻䝅䝣䝖䛧 䛯䛸䛝䚸⥲వ๫䛻୚䛘䜛ຠᯝэቑຍศ䠖

➨13ᅗ㻌 ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛸⥲వ๫

ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾ὴ⏕㟂せ᭤⥺

䠄ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛜㻌 㻌 㻌 䛾䛸䛝䠅 ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾ὴ⏕㟂せ᭤⥺

䠄ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛜㻌 㻌 㻌 䛾䛸䛝䠅 ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾౪⤥᭤⥺

c d

0 ₀

y y¹ p1

p0

a b

ᅜ⏘㎰⏘

≀౯᱁

ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀

1

TH

p0

㻌 ➨13ᅗ䛿䚸ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛜

ୖ᪼䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸ᅜ⏘㎰

⏘≀䛾ὴ⏕㟂せ᭤⥺䛜ୖ᪉䛻 䝅䝣䝖䛧䛯䛸䛝䛾⥲వ๫䛾ኚ໬

䜢⾲䛩䚹䛣䛾ୖ᪉䝅䝣䝖䛷ᅜ⏘

㎰⏘≀౯᱁䛜 㻌 䛛䜙㻌 㻌 䛻ୖ᪼

䛩䜛䛯䜑䚸ቑຍศ䛾୍㒊䛿㍺ධ

㎰⏘≀䛻௦᭰䛩䜛䚹

㻌 䛣䛾䛸䛝䚸౯᱁䛾ୖ᪼䛷ᐙィ 䛛䜙㎰ᐙ䜈వ๫䛾⛣㌿䛜㉳䛣䜚䚸

⏕⏘⪅వ๫䛿ቑຍ䛩䜛䚹୍᪉䚸 ౯᱁䛾ୖ᪼䛻䜘䛳䛶ᾘ㈝⪅వ

๫䛿ῶᑡ䛩䜛䛜䚸ᐙィ䛿ῶᑡ ศ䛾୍㒊䜎䛯䛿඲㒊䜢⏕⏘ຠ

⋡䛾ୖ᪼䛻䜘䜛వ๫䛾ቑຍศ 䛷ᅇ཰ྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛䚹

p1

abcd

0 1

H H

T oT

H0

T p

y

40

ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛸㎰ᴗ

T T 0 w w

w !

w w w

H H

H H H

u x W

x

40

¾

ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛾ୖ᪼䛿䚸ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀౯᱁䛾ୖ᪼

䛻䜘䜛ᐙィ䛾୙฼┈䜢⦆⾪䛩䜛ᙺ๭䜢ᯝ䛯䛧䛶䛝䛯䚹

¾

㛵⛯䛺䛹䛾ᅜቃᥐ⨨䛻䜘䜚䚸᪥ᮏ䛿ᅜෆ㎰ᴗ䛾ಖㆤ 䛾䝁䝇䝖䜢㎰⏘≀౯᱁䛻ୖ஌䛫䛩䜛ᙧ䛷ᐙィ䛻㌿᎑

䛧䛶䛝䛯䛜䚸ᐙィ䛿䛣䜜䛻ᑐᢠ䛩䜉䛟䚸ୡᖏ䛾䝇䜿䞊 䝹䞉䝯䝸䝑䝖䜔ㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡䜢ά䛛䛧䛯ෆ㣗⏕⏘䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸 䛷䚸䛖䜎䛟䛂䜔䜚䛟䜚䛃䛧䛶䛝䛯䛸䛔䛘䜛䚹

¾

௒᪥䚸ୡᖏつᶍ䛾⦰ᑠ䛸ㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡䛾పୗ䛻䜘䛳䛶ෆ 㣗⏕⏘๭ྜ䛜ῶᑡ䛧䛶䛚䜚䚸ᐙィ䛜ಖㆤ䛾䝁䝇䝖䜢䜔 䜚䛟䜚䛩䜛వᆅ䜒⦰ᑠ䛧䛯䚹

41

ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛸㎰ᴗ

㎰ᴗ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛜ୖ᪼䠄㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 䠅䛧䛶䚸 ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾౪⤥᭤⥺䛜ୗ᪉䛻䝅䝣䝖䛧䛯 䛸䛝䚸⥲వ๫䛻୚䛘䜛ຠᯝэቑຍศ䠖 㻌 ➨14ᅗ䛿䚸㎰ᴗ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛜

ୖ᪼䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸ᅜ⏘㎰

⏘≀䛾౪⤥᭤⥺䛜ୗ᪉䛻䝅䝣䝖 䛧䛯䛸䛝䛾⥲వ๫䛾ኚ໬䜢⾲䛩䚹 䛣䛾ୗ᪉䝅䝣䝖䛷ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾 㟂⤥ᆒ⾮㔞䛜ቑຍ䛩䜛䛯䜑䚸౯ ᱁䛿㻌 㻌 䛛䜙㻌 㻌 䛻ୗⴠ䛩䜛䚹 㻌 䛣䛾䛸䛝䚸౯᱁䛾ୗⴠ䛷㎰ᐙ 䛛䜙ᐙィ䜈వ๫䛾⛣㌿䛜㉳䛣䜚䚸 ᾘ㈝⪅వ๫䛿ቑຍ䛩䜛䚹୍᪉䚸 ౯᱁䛾ୗⴠ䛻䜘䛳䛶⏕⏘⪅వ

๫䛿ῶᑡ䛩䜛䛜䚸㎰ᐙ䛿ῶᑡ ศ䛾୍㒊䜎䛯䛿඲㒊䜢⏕⏘ຠ

⋡䛾ୖ᪼䛻䜘䜛వ๫䛾ቑຍศ 䛷ᅇ཰ྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛䚹

㎰ᴗ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛸ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀㟂せ

ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾ὴ⏕㟂せ᭤⥺

ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀

ᅜ⏘㎰⏘

≀౯᱁

ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾౪⤥᭤⥺

䠄ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛜㻌 㻌 㻌 䛾䛸䛝䠅 ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾౪⤥᭤⥺

䠄ᐙィ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛜㻌 㻌 㻌 䛾䛸䛝䠅

y0 y¹ h

g

0 p0

p1

➨14ᅗ㻌 ㎰ᴗ䛾⏕⏘ຠ⋡䛸⥲వ๫

0 1

A A

T oT

efgh p

y e

f

0

TA 1

TA

p0 p¹

42

T T 0 w w ! w A w A

W c

41

⌧⾜ᨻ⟇䛾᳨ウ

཰ධῶᑡᙳ㡪⦆࿴ᑐ⟇䛸ᡞูᡤᚓ⿵ൾไᗘ䛾ᨻ⟇ຠᯝ

㎰ᆅ㟂せ䛾ኚ໬㔞䛾ẚ㍑䠄ᮾ໭䞉໭㝣䠅

¾

᥎ィ䛾୍౛

㻌 ⡿౯13,912෇/60kg䠄2002ᖺ⏘ᐇ⦼䠅䛛䜙10%ୗⴠ䠄2007ᖺ⏘ᐇ⦼䠅 㻌 ⏕⏘ㄪᩚ㠃✚䛾ᙉ໬䠄+10୓ha䠅䚸䜎䛯䛿⦆࿴䠄-17.5୓ha䠅

➨15ᅗ㻌 䠍ᡞᙜ䛯䜚䛾㎰ᆅ㟂せ䠄ኚ໬㔞䠅 ᕥ䛛䜙䚸

㻌 㻌 0.5䡚1.0ha 㻌 1.0䡚1.5ha 㻌 1.5䡚2.0ha 2.0䡚2.5ha 㻌 㻌 2.5䡚3.0ha 㻌 3.0ha䡚

¾

⏕⏘ㄪᩚ䛾⥔ᣢ䞉ᙉ໬䛸 ᡞูᡤᚓ⿵ൾไᗘ䛾䝉䝑 䝖䛷ᵓ㐀ᨵ㠉䛿ᚋ㏥

¾

ᐙィ䛾ᅜ⏘㟂せ䛻㏫⾜

43

-0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

1.5 䠄ha䠅 䠄ᮾ໭䞉໭㝣䠅

཰ධῶᑡ ᙳ㡪⦆࿴

ᑐ⟇

཰ධῶᑡ ᙳ㡪⦆࿴

ᑐ⟇

ᡞูᡤᚓ

⿵ൾไᗘ

ᡞูᡤᚓ

⿵ൾไᗘ

⏕⏘ㄪᩚᙉ໬

䠄䠇10୓ha䠅 ⏕⏘ㄪᩚ⦆࿴

䠄䠉17.5୓ha䠅

⌧⾜ᨻ⟇䛾᳨ウ

¾

ᐙィ䛜ෆ㣗䛻ᅇᖐ䛧䛶⏕⏘ຠ⋡䜢ྥୖ䛥䛫䜛䛣䛸䛜 ᅔ㞴䛸䛺䛳䛯⌧ᅾ䚸 6 ḟ⏘ᴗ໬䛺䛹䛻䜘䛳䛶๭㧗䛺ᅜ

⏘㎰⏘≀䜢㈙䜟䛫䜘䛖䛸䛩䜛䛾䛿䛂䛺䛔䜒䛾䛽䛰䜚䛃䚹

¾

ᅜ⏘㎰⏘≀䛾ᐙィ㟂せ䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛ୖ䛷䚸ᅜෆ㎰ᴗ䛾

⏕⏘ຠ⋡䜢ୖ᪼䛥䛫䛶౯᱁䜢ୗ䛢䜛䛣䛸䛾㔜せᛶ䛿 㧗䜎䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹

¾

⏕⏘ㄪᩚ䛾⥔ᣢ䞉ᙉ໬䛾᪉ྥ䛷ᡞูᡤᚓ⿵ൾ䜢ᐇ᪋

䛩䜛⌧⾜ᨻ⟇䛿㏫⾜䛧䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑䚸ぢ┤䛧䛜ᚲせ䚹

44

42

On the Use of Non-Hypothetical

Preference Elicitation Methods to

Assess Consumers’ Valuation for Food

ドキュメント内 農業・食料の世界的枠組み形成と国際交渉にかかわる研究 (ページ 77-81)