╙㧠┨

49

50 㧞㧚50ᐕઍࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ㖸ᭉผ

ᦨೋߦޔ50ᐕઍࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ㖸ᭉผࠍ᭎ⷰߒߡ޿ߊޕ50ᐕઍ೨ඨߩࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߢߪޔࡧࠖࠢ࠻

࡝ࠕᦺ߆ࠄߩવ⛔⊛ߥᇅᭉᣉ⸳ࡒࡘ࡯ࠫ࠶ࠢ࡮ࡎ࡯࡞ߪߔߢߦ⴮ㅌߒޔࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߦߪࡕ࠳

ࡦ࡮ࠫࡖ࠭(modern jazz)߿࠻࡜࠺࡚ࠖࠪ࠽࡞࡮ࠫࡖ࠭(traditional jazz)ߩࠢ࡜ࡉޔBGMߣߒߡ

ࠫࡖ࠭ࠍᵹߔࠗ࠲࡝ࠕߩࠛࠬࡊ࡟࠶࠰࡮ࠦ࡯ࡅ࡯࡮ࡃ࡯߇㐿ᐫߒߡ޿ߚޕᒰᤨߩࠫࡖ࠭ߪ

෻᛫ࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ㖸ᭉߢ޽ࠅޔࠫࡖ࠭ߩỗߒ޿ࡆ࡯࠻ࠍߘߩ↱᧪ߩ 1 ߟߣߔࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞᢥቇ

⇇ߩ෻ㅒఽޟࡆ࡯࠻࡮ࠫࠚࡀ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦޠߦᔃ㈮ߔࠆ⧯⠪ޟࡆ࡯࠻࠾ࠢࠬޠ(beatniks)߇಴

⃻ߒޔ࠴ࠚ࡞ࠪ࡯࿾඙ߩࠠࡦࠣࠬ࡮ࠬ࠻࡝࡯࠻ߪࡏࡋࡒࠕࡦ⊛ߥ㔓࿐᳇߇ṫߞߡ޿ߚޕߎ ߩࠫࡖ࠭࡮࠮࠶࡚ࠪࡦߩ᐀㑆ߩ૛⥝ߣߒߡޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞධㇱߢ↢߹ࠇߚࠫࡖ࠭ߣࡉ࡞࡯ࠬ

(blues)ߣࡈࠜ࡯ࠢ(folk)߇ᷙ੤ߒߚࠬࠠ࠶ࡈ࡞߇56ᐕߦᆎ߹ߞߚޕࠬࠠ࠶ࡈ࡞ߪࠕࠦ࡯ࠬ࠹

ࠖ࠶ࠢ࡮ࠡ࠲࡯߿ࡃࡦ࡚ࠫ࡯ޔᵞữ᧼߿⨥▫ࠍࠕ࡟ࡦࠫߒߚ⥄ኅ⵾ߩ࡝࠭ࡓᭉེߢṶᄼߔ ࠆᚻシߥࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߢ޽ࠆޕ․╩ߔߴ߈ߪޔࠬࠠ࠶ࡈ࡞߇ᾲᔃߥᗲᅢኅ߇ฃേ⊛ߦᗲ⡬ߔࠆ

ࠫ ࡖ ࠭ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ 㖸 ᭉ ߢ ߪ ߥ ߊ ޔ ࠕ ࡑ ࠴ ࡘ ࠕ ߇ ⢻ േ ⊛ ߦ Ṷ ᄼ ߦ ෳ ട ߢ ߈ ࠆ DIY ♖ ␹ (do-it-yourself ethic)ࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ߚὐߢ޽ࠆޕߎߩࠬࠠ࠶ࡈ࡞࡮ࡉ࡯ࡓߢޔ⍍ߊ㑆ߦࠕࡑ࠴ࡘ ࠕࡃࡦ࠼߇ో࿖ߦᄙᢙ಴⃻ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆޕ

ߘߩ৻ᣇޔ54ᐕ㗃ߦߪᣂߚߥ⧯⠪ᢥൻߣߒߡޟ࠹࠺ࠖ࡮ࡏ࡯ࠗޠ(teddy boy)ޔ⇛ߒߡޟ࠹

࠶࠭ޠ(teds)߇಴⃻ߒߡ޿ߚޕ࠹࠶࠭ߪ࡝࡯࠯ࡦ࠻ߣࠛ࠼ࡢ࡯࠼ᦺߩࡈࠔ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߢࡠ࠶ࠢ

ࡦࡠ࡯࡞ࠍᗲᅢߒޔᤨߦ᥸േࠍ⿠ߎߔ⊕ੱഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩਇ⦟ዋᐕߢ޽ࠅޔ60 ᐕઍೋ㗡ߦߪ

࡝࡯࠯ࡦ࠻ߦ㕟ࠫࡖࡦޔࠫ࡯ࡦ࠭ޔࠝ࡯࠻ࡃࠗߣ޿߁ࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߦᵷ↢ߒޔޟࡠ࠶ࠞ࡯࠭ޠ

(rockers)ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆޕࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩ⧯⠪ࠍᗵൻߒޔߎߩ࠹࠶࠭ࠍ಴⃻ߐߖߚߩ߇ޔ

50ᐕઍࠕࡔ࡝ࠞᤋ↹ߣߘߩਥ㗴᱌ߦ⿠↪ߐࠇߚࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߢ޽ߞߚޕ55 ᐕ10 ᦬ߦࠣ

࡟ࡦ࡮ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ਥṶߩᤋ↹ޡ᥸ജᢎቶޢ߇ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߢ౏㐿ߐࠇޔᣥ਎ઍߦ෻᛫ߔࠆࠕࡔ࡝

ࠞߩ⧯⠪ࠍឬ޿ߚౝኈߪ߽ߜࠈࠎޔਥ㗴᱌ࠍᜂᒰߒߚࡆ࡞࡮ࡋࠗ࡝࡯ߩޟࡠ࠶ࠢ࡮ࠕ࡜࠙

ࡦ࠼࡮ࠩ࡮ࠢࡠ࠶ࠢޠ߇࠹ࠖ࡯ࡦࠛࠗࠫࡖ࡯߆ࠄ⛘ᄢߥᡰᜬࠍ㓸߼ޔో⧷࡮ో☨࠴ࡖ࡯࠻1

૏ࠍ⸥㍳ߒߚޕ^㧝⛯޿ߡࡑ࡯ࡠࡦ࡮ࡉ࡜ࡦ࠼ਥṶߩᤋ↹ޡੂ᥸⠪ޢ߿ࠫࠚ࡯ࡓࠬ࡮࠺ࠖ࡯ࡦ ਥṶߩᤋ↹ޡℂ↱ߥ߈෻᛫ޢ߇⧯⠪ߩ⥄Ꮖ⴫⃻ߩᮭ೑ࠍ㜞ࠄ߆ߦት⸒ߒޔ෻᛫߇りᝄࠅߩ ࡕ࡯࠼ߦߥࠅޔޟࠫࠚࡀ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊޠ߇ᶋ߈ᓂࠅߦߥߞߚޕ56ᐕߦߪޔࡔࠫࡖ࡯࡮

࡟࡯ࡌ࡞ߦ⒖☋ߒߚࠛ࡞ࡧࠖࠬ࡮ࡊ࡟ࠬ࡝࡯߇ޟࡂ࡯࠻ࡉ࡟ࠗࠢ࡮ࡎ࠹࡞ޠ(Heartbreak Hotel,

1956)ߢࡉ࡟ࠗࠢࠍᨐߚߒޔޟࠠࡦࠣ࡮ࠝࡉ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ޠ(The King of Rock’n’Roll)ߣ⒓

ߐࠇޔ࿖㓙⊛ᚑഞࠍ෼߼ࠆޕߎ߁ߒߡޔࠬࠠ࠶ࡈ࡞ߣࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߩ㓉⋓ޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ

⧯⠪ߣߩ෻᛫⊛౒ᝄᕈ߆ࠄޔ⥄Ꮖ⴫⃻ߩᚻᲑߣߒߡࡠ࠶ࠢࡃࡦ࠼߇⛯ޘߣ⚿ᚑߐࠇࠆޕߘ ߩ࿯ფࠍᒻᚑߒߚߩ߇ޔ57ᐕ2᦬߆ࠄ᡼ㅍ߇㐿ᆎߐࠇߚ࠹࡟ࡆ㖸ᭉ⇟⚵ޟ6-5ࠬࡍࠪࡖ࡞ޠ (Six-Five Special)ߢ޽ߞߚޕߎߩࠕࡑ࠴ࡘࠕෳടဳ⇟⚵ߪޔᄙߊߩ⧯⠪ࠍࠝ࡯࠺ࠖࠛࡦࠬ߆ ࠄࡊ࡟ࠗࡗ࡯߳ߣᄌ⽩ߐߖߚޕߐࠄߦޔ60 ᐕઍೋ㗡ߦߪߘߩฃߌ⋁ߣߥࠆࠦ࡯ࡅ࡯࡮ࡃ࡯

߿ࠢ࡜ࡉ߇࿖ౝߦჇടߒޔ400ᐫએ਄ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ߚޕߎߩࡔ࠺ࠖࠕലᨐߦࠃߞߡᵴേᗧ᰼ߣ Ṷᄼ႐ᚲࠍᓧߚ⧯⠪ߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ᾲߪ߹ߔ߹ߔടㅦߒߡ޿ߞߚޕ

ߘࠇߦ๭ᔕߔࠆࠃ߁ߦޔ╙2┨ߢ⺰ㅀߒߚߣ߅ࠅ50ᐕઍᓟඨߩࠗࠡ࡝ࠬᢥቇ⇇ߢߪޟᔶ ࠇࠆ⧯⠪ߚߜޠ߇಴⃻ߒޔᣥᘒଐὼߣߒߚᄢ⧷Ꮲ࿖⊛ଔ୯ⷰ߿㓏⚖␠ળࠍ᷷ሽߔࠆࠛࠬ࠲

ࡉ࡝࠶ࠪࡘࡔࡦ࠻ߦኻߔࠆ⇣⼏ࠍ⴫᣿ߒߚޕหᤨᦼߩࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢ߽ޔ‛⾰ਥ⟵ߦ⢛ࠍะߌ

51

ߡ♖␹⊛⸃᡼ࠍᏗ᳞ߔࠆޟࡆ࡯࠻࡮ࠫࠚࡀ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦޠߩ⹞ੱࠕ࡟ࡦ࡮ࠡࡦ࠭ࡃ࡯ࠣ߇⹞

㓸ޡึ߃ࠆޔߘߩઁߩ⹞ޢߩ⴫㗴૞ޟึ߃ࠆޠ(“Howl”, 1956)ߦ߅޿ߡޔᢥሼㅢࠅࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ

␠ળߦኻߔࠆਇḩࠍ῜⊒ߐߖߚޕ

I saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness, starving hysterical naked,

dragging themselves through the negro streets at dawn looking for an angry fix,

angelheaded hipsters burning for the ancient heavenly connection to the starry dynamo in the machinery of night,

(126)

ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߦ߅ߌࠆࠝ࠭ࡏ࡯ࡦޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦ߅ߌࠆࠡࡦ࠭ࡃ࡯ࠣߣ޿߁50ᐕઍߦ⧷☨ߩ⧯⠪

߇⴫⃻ߒߚޟᔶࠅޠߣ޿߁หᤨઍᕈߪ᳿ߒߡ஧ὼߢߪߥߊޔ㓏⚖߿ੱ⒳ߢᩰᏅ␠ળ᭴ㅧࠍ

⛽ᜬߒߡ߈ߚਔ࿖ߩᱧผ⊛ᔅὼߢ޽ࠅޔߎࠇࠄߩ෻૕೙⊛േะߪ60ᐕઍߩޟࠬ࠙ࠖࡦࠡࡦ࡮

ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦޠߩ⿠ὐߣߥߞߚ࠲࡯࠾ࡦࠣ࡮ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߥߩߢ޽ࠆޕߐࠄߦޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߢߪޟᔶ ࠇࠆ⧯⠪ߚߜޠߩ␠ળᢥൻ⊛࿾Ზᄌേ߇ᢥൻ⊛ㅪേᕈࠍᒁ߈⿠ߎߒޔᤋ↹⇇ߦ߅޿ߡ50ᐕ ઍᧃᦼ߆ࠄ60ᐕઍೋ㗡ߦ߆ߌߡޟᔶࠇࠆ⧯⠪ߚߜޠߩᢥቇ૞ຠࠍᤋ௝ൻߔࠆᤋ↹ㆇേޟࡉ

࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮࠾ࡘ࡯࡮࠙ࠚࠗࡧޠ߇㓉⋓ߒߚޕߎߩࠃ߁ߥᢥൻ⇇ߩേะ߆ࠄޔ50 ᐕઍࠗ

ࠡ࡝ࠬᢥൻߩࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼ߪޟ෻᛫ޠߢ޽ࠆߣ㓸⚂ߢ߈ࠆޕ 㧟㧚ࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߩ㓉⋓ߣ⴮ㅌ

⛯޿ߡޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩ⧯⠪ߦⴣ᠄ࠍਈ߃ߚࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߩ㓉⋓ߣ⴮ㅌࠍᝄࠅ

㄰ߞߡߺߚ޿ޕ50 ᐕઍ೨ඨߦࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢ⺀↢ߒߚࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߩ⿠Ḯߦߪ⻉⺑޽ࠆ߇ޔ ࠤ࡞࠻♽⊕ੱ⒖᳃ߩࠞࡦ࠻࡝࡯࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮࠙ࠚࠬ࠲ࡦ(country and western)ߣࠕࡈ࡝ࠞ♽㤥ੱ

⒖᳃ߩ࡝࠭ࡓ࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬ(rhythm and blues)߇Ⲣวߒߡᚑ┙ߒߚ㖸ᭉࠫࡖࡦ࡞ߣ޿߁ ߩ߇ቯ⺑ߢ޽ࠆޕ^㧞ࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߣ޿߁⸒⪲ߪᧄ᧪ޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ⧷⺆ߩ㤥ੱࠬ࡜ࡦࠣߢޟᕈ

੤ޠࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ߅ࠅޔ52ᐕߦ࡜ࠫࠝDJߩࠕ࡜ࡦ࡮ࡈ࡝࡯࠼(Alan Freed, 1921-65)߇⊕ੱะߌ

࡜ࠫࠝ⇟⚵ߢ㤥ੱߩ࡝࠭ࡓ࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬࠍࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߣ๭߮ᄌ߃ޔቯ⌕ߒߚ↪

⺆ߢ޽ࠆޕᒰᤨߩࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢߪޔࡈ࡜ࡦࠢ࡮ࠪ࠽࠻࡜(Frank Sinatra, 1915-98)ߥߤ⊕ੱ᱌ᚻߩ ࡐ࠶ࡊࠬ(pops)߇৻਎ࠍ㘑㕘ߒߡ޿ߚ߇ޔ50ᐕઍ೨ඨߦ࠴ࡖ࠶ࠢ࡮ࡌ࡝࡯(Chuck Berry, 1926-)ޔ

࡝࠻࡞࡮࡝࠴ࡖ࡯࠼(Little Richard, 1932-)ߥߤ㤥ੱߩ࡝࠭ࡓ࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬ᱌ᚻ߇⊓႐ ߒޔ࠴ࡖ࡯࠻ߦ࡜ࡦࠢࠗࡦߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆޕ߿߇ߡߘߩᓇ㗀ਅߦ޽ࠆࡆ࡞࡮ࡋࠗ࡝࡯ޔࠛ

࡞ࡧࠖࠬ࡮ࡊ࡟ࠬ࡝࡯ޔࠫࠚ࡝࡯࡮࡝࡯࡮࡞ࠗࠬ(Jerry Lee Lewis, 1935-)ޔࠛ࠺ࠖ࡮ࠦࠢ࡜ࡦ (Eddie Cochran, 1938-60)ޔࡃ࠺ࠖ࡮ࡎ࡝࡯(Buddy Holly, 1936-59)ߥߤ⊕ੱߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞

᱌ᚻ߇໡ᬺ⊛ᚑഞࠍ෼߼ޔᰴ╙ߦࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߪ⊕ੱ㖸ᭉߣߒߡᶐㅘߒߡ޿ߞߚޕߎߩ ᵹࠇߦߟ޿ߡߪޔ⊕ੱߩੱ⒳Ꮕ೎ߦࠃࠆ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉߩᢥൻ⊛࡮⚻ᷣ⊛៦ขߣ޿߁ᛕ್߽޽ࠆ (Southern 103)ޕㅒ⺑⊛ߦ⸒߃߫ޔߘࠇߪࡁ࡯ࡑࡦ࡮ࡔࠗ࡜࡯(Norman Mailer, 1923-2007)ߩࠛ

࠶࠮ࠗޟࡎࡢࠗ࠻࡮࠾ࠣࡠޠ(“The White Negro: Superficial Reflections on the Hipster”, 1957)

52

ߦ߽ㅢߓࠆੱ⒳ߩႺ⇇✢ࠍ⿧Ⴚߒߚ㤥ੱᢥൻߩ⊒⷗ߣ޿߁␠ળᢥൻ⊛⹏ଔߩⵣ㄰ߒߢ޽ࠅޔ

౏᳃ᮭㆇേߩ⪚⧘ߦߥߞߚߣ߽⸒߃ࠃ߁ޕ

ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔߘߩ㓉⋓ࠍෂᗋߔࠆ൓ജ߽޽ࠅޔ58 ᐕ㗃߆ࠄੱ⒳ಽ㔌᡽╷ࠍផㅴߔࠆ⊕

ੱਛ↥㓏⚖߇㤥ੱ㖸ᭉࠍ࡞࡯࠷ߣߔࠆࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞߇࡜ࠫࠝ᡼ㅍߐࠇࠆߎߣࠍህᖡߒޔ ࡔ࠺ࠖࠕ߳ߩ࿶ജ߇ᒝ߹ߞߚޕ৻ᣇߢޔ଻቞⊛ߥ㤥ੱࠠ࡝ࠬ࠻ᢎᓤߪ␹⡛ߢ޽ࠆߴ߈ࠧࠬ

ࡍ࡞(gospel)߇ᢎળ߆ࠄᜬߜ಴ߐࠇߡ໡ᬺൻߐࠇߚߎߣߪ౨ᶣߢ޽ࠆߣߒޔਇ⾈࡮ਇᄁ࡮ά

⋚ߥߤㄼኂ⊛ⴕὑࠍⴕߞߚޕߎߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ឃᢺㆇേߦㅊ޿ᛂߜࠍ߆ߌࠆࠃ߁ߦޔ೨ ㅀߒߚੱ᳇ࡒࡘ࡯ࠫࠪࡖࡦߩᄢඨ߇ᒁㅌޔᓽ౓ޔ੐ઙޔ੐᡿ߦࠃߞߡ㖸ᭉࠪ࡯ࡦࠍ෰ߞߚޕ

․ߦޔ59ᐕߩࡃ࠺ࠖ࡮ࡎ࡝࡯ߩ੐᡿ᱫߪޔޟ㖸ᭉ߇ᱫࠎߛᣣޠ(The Day the Music Died)^㧟ߣߒ ߡ⽎ᓽ⊛ߦ⺆ࠅ⛮߇ࠇߡ޿ࠆޕߘߒߡޔ⴮ㅌߩ৻ㅜࠍㄡࠆࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߣ౉ࠇᦧࠊࠆࠃ ߁ߦޔ࠴ࡖ࡯࠻ߢߪ⊕ੱࠕࠗ࠼࡞ߩࠬࠗ࡯࠻ߥࡐ࠶ࡊࠬ߇บ㗡ߒᆎ߼ࠆޕߎ߁ߒߡޔࡠ࠶

ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߪߘߩ㓉⋓ߣ⴮ㅌࠍࠊߕ߆10ᐕ⿷ࠄߕߢ⚻㛎ߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕ 㧠㧚ᢥൻ੤㍲࿾ὐ࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞

ߎߩࠃ߁ߥࡐࡇࡘ࡜࡯㖸ᭉࠪ࡯ࡦߩ㐽Ⴇ⁁ᴫߦ߅޿ߡޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢ෰൓ߐࠇߚࡠ࠶ࠢࡦ ࡠ࡯࡞ߩೋᦼⴣേࠍ⯃↢ߐߖߚߩ߇ޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩഭ௛⠪㓏⚖಴りߩࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߢ޽ߞߚޕ ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪࡏ࡯ࠞ࡞࡮ࠡ࠲࡯ߩ࡚ࠫࡦ࡮࡟ࡁࡦޔࡏ࡯ࠞ࡞࡮ࡌ࡯ࠬߩࡐ࡯࡞࡮ࡑ࠶ࠞ࡯

࠻࠾࡯(Paul McCartney, 1942-)ޔࠡ࠲࡯ߩ࡚ࠫ࡯ࠫ࡮ࡂ࡝ࠬࡦ(George Harrison, 1943-2001)ޔ

࠼࡜ࡓߩ࡝ࡦࠧ࡮ࠬ࠲࡯(Ringo Starr, 1940-)ߩ࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞಴りߩ4ੱߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆࡠ࠶ࠢ

ࡃࡦ࠼ߢ޽ࠆޕᓐࠄߩᵴേߪ62ᐕ߆ࠄ70ᐕ߹ߢߩ8ᐕ㑆ߢ޽ߞߚ߇ޔ㛳⇣⊛ߥ࠮࡯࡞ࠬ

߿ᓟ਎߳ߩ⛘ᄢߥᓇ㗀ജ߆ࠄ20਎♿ࡐࡇࡘ࡜࡯㖸ᭉผߦ߅޿ߡᦨ߽ᚑഞࠍ෼߼ߚࠕ࡯࠹ࠖ

ࠬ࠻ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦ⼏⺰ߩ૛࿾ߪߥ޿ޕࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߦ㑐ߒߡߪޔߎࠇ߹ߢ⤘ᄢߥᢙߩ⹏વ߿

ࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯߿⎇ⓥᦠ߇಴ ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢޔᧄ┨ߢߪ㖸ᭉ㕙ߢߩኾ㐷⊛ߥಽᨆߪប߃ޔ ᓐࠄߩ೨ᦼᵴേߩ␠ળᢥൻ⊛ᗧ⟵ߦὶὐࠍᒰߡࠆޕ^㧠

ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪ⓭ὼᄌ⇣⊛ߦ㖸ᭉࠪ࡯ࡦߦ಴⃻ߒߚࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ޕߘߩ⚻✲ߦߟ޿ߡߪޔ ᓐࠄߩ಴り࿾࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞ߩ࿾ℂ⊛᧦ઙ߇෸߷ߒߚᓇ㗀߇ᭂ߼ߡᄢ߈޿ޕ࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞ߪ

ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ർ⷏ㇱߦ૏⟎ߔࠆ᷼ḧㇺᏒߢ޽ࠅޔ18 ਎♿ߦߪർࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߣ⷏ࠕࡈ࡝ࠞࠍ⚿

߱ᄢ⷏ᵗਃⷺ⾏ᤃߩ᜚ὐߣߒߡᩕ߃ߚޕ↥ᬺ㕟๮ᤨߦߪ⫳᳇ᯏ㑐ゞߩ㋕㆏߇㐿ㅢߒޔ㓞ធ ߔࠆᎿᬺㇺᏒࡑࡦ࠴ࠚࠬ࠲࡯ߩャ಴౉᷼ߣߥߞߚޕ1850 ᐕ೨ᓟߦߪᄢ㘫㙰ߦ⋥㕙ߒߚኻጯ ߩࠕࠗ࡞࡜ࡦ࠼߆ࠄ⒖᳃߇ᄢ㊂ߦᵹ౉ߒߡੱญ߇ᕆჇߒޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯߽ߘ߁ߢ

޽ߞߚࠃ߁ߦޔ⒖᳃♽ഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩⴝߣߥߞߚޕࠕࠗ࡞࡜ࡦ࠼♽⒖᳃ߩ⁁ᴫߪޔ1997 ᐕߩ ᤋ↹ޡ࠲ࠗ࠲࠾࠶ࠢޢ(Titanic, 1997)ߢឬ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦޔࠨࠩࡦࡊ࠻ࡦ߆ࠄ࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞

ࠍ⚻↱ߒߡ࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢ߿࠾ࡘ࡯ࠝ࡝ࡦ࠭߳ะ߆߁⥶ᶏ࡞࡯࠻߇ᣧ޿Ბ㓏߆ࠄ⏕┙ߐࠇߡ

޿ߚޕ19਎♿ᓟඨߦߪㅧ⦁ᬺߢᕆᚑ㐳ߒޔࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߦᰴߋ࿖㓙⾏ᤃߩ᜚ὐߣߥߞߚޕ20਎

♿ߦߪޔ╙ੑᰴ਎⇇ᄢᚢᤨߦ࠼ࠗ࠷ァߩᐲ㊀ߥࠆⓨ῜ߦⷅࠊࠇޔߘߩᓟ߽㐳ᦼ⊛ਇᴫߦࠃ ࠅਥⷐ↥ᬺ߇ᢳ㓁ൻߒߡ⴮ㅌߒߡ޿ߞߚޕ

ߎߩ․ᱶߥⅣႺ߆ࠄޔ࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞ߪߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᢥൻ੤㍲࿾ὐߣߒߡᯏ⢻ߒߡ߅ࠅޔࠕ ࡔ࡝ࠞ߆ࠄᦨᣂߩᵹⴕ㖸ᭉ߇޿ߜᣧߊャ౉ߐࠇߡ޿ߚޕࠕࡔ࡝ࠞァߩ㚢⇐߿⽻‛⦁ߩነ᷼

ߦࠃߞߡᔅὼ⊛ߦࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞߿࡝࠭ࡓ࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬ߇࡜ࠫࠝ߿࡟ࠦ

53

࡯࠼ߢഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߦ᥉෸ߒޔ57ᐕߦࠬࠠ࠶ࡈ࡞ߩDIY♖␹ߣࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߩⴣ᠄ߦ⸅⊒

ߐࠇߚ࡚ࠫࡦ߇ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩ೨りߣߥࠆࠢࠝ࡝࡯ࡔࡦ(The Quarry Men,1957-59)ࠍ⚿ᚑߔࠆޕ ࡐ࡯࡞࡮ࠡ࡞ࡠࠗ߇ޡࡉ࡜࠶ࠢ࡮ࠕ࠻࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢޢߦ߅޿ߡޟࡉ࡜࠶ࠢ࡮ࠕ࠻࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖ

࠶ࠢޠߣ޿߁ޟ࠺ࠖࠕࠬࡐ࡜ޠߩᱧผ⊛ㅪ⚿㑐ଥࠍᜰ៰ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦ(3)ޔ␠ળ⊛ᒙ⠪ߩ⒖᳃

♽ഭ௛⠪㓏⚖߇หߓⵍᏅ೎᳃ᣖߩ㤥ੱࠍห৻ⷞߔࠆ⚛࿾ߪචಽߦ޽ߞߚޕࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪන

⚐ߥ࡝࠭ࡓߣࠦ࡯࠼߆ࠄߥࠆ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉࠍࠞࡃ࡯ߒޔᮨ୮ߒߚࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ࠍ೙૞ߒޔ♖ജ⊛

ߥ࡜ࠗࡧᵴേࠍ㐿ᆎߔࠆޕ߿߇ߡ࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞ㄭ㇠߆ࠄ࠺ࡆࡘ࡯ߒߚࡃࡦ࠼ߪⴝߩࡑ࡯ࠫ

࡯Ꮉ߆ࠄ๮ฬߐࠇޔޟࡑ࡯ࠫ࡯࡮ࡆ࡯࠻ޠ(Mersey beat)ߣ✚⒓ߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆޕ 㧡㧚ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߣޟ㤥޿㖸ޠ

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢ㤥ੱߩ࡝࠭ࡓ࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬࠍᮨ୮ߒޔ⊕ੱߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߣߒߡ࿖

᳃⊛㖸ᭉ߳ߣ⊒ዷߐߖޔ㖸ᭉ⊛ੱ⒳඙ಽࠍ᠗ᑄߐߖߚߩߪ⊕ੱഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩࠛ࡞ࡧࠖࠬ࡮

ࡊ࡟ࠬ࡝࡯ߢ޽ߞߚ߇ޔߘࠎߥᓐߦ㝯ੌߐࠇߚߩ߇ᄢ⷏ᵗࠍ㓒ߡߚࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩ⊕ੱഭ௛⠪

㓏⚖ߩ⧯⠪ߢ޽ߞߚޕᒰᤨߩࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩࡃࡦ࠼ߪޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉࠍ⿠Ḯߣߔࠆࡠ࠶

ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞߿࡝࠭ࡓ࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬࠍ㖸ᭉ⊛࡞࡯࠷ߣߒߡ߅ࠅޔೋᦼࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪ࠺

ࡆࡘ࡯ᓟ߽ߘߩᓇ㗀߇⦡Ớߊޔ࡜ࠗࡧ߿࡟ࠦ࡯࠼ߢࠞࡃ࡯ࠍᛲ㔺ߒߡ޿ࠆޕ63ᐕ3᦬ߩ࠺

ࡆࡘ࡯࡮ࠕ࡞ࡃࡓޡࡊ࡝࡯࠭࡮ࡊ࡝࡯࠭࡮ࡒ࡯ޢ(Please Please Me, 1963)ߪޔో14ᦛਛ8ᦛ ߇ࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ߢ6ᦛ߇ࠞࡃ࡯ޔหᐕ11᦬ߩ࠮ࠞࡦ࠼࡮ࠕ࡞ࡃࡓޡ࠙ࠖ࠭࡮ࠩ࡮ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ޢ

(With the Beatles, 1963)߽ో14ᦛਛ8ᦛ߇ࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ߢ6ᦛ߇ࠞࡃ࡯ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆޕ෼

㍳ᦛ߇ోᦛࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ߣߥߞߚߩߪޔ64ᐕ7᦬ߩࠨ࡯࠼࡮ࠕ࡞ࡃࡓޡࠕ࡮ࡂ࡯࠼࡮࠺ࠗ࠭࡮

࠽ࠗ࠻ޢ(A Hard Day’s Night, 1964)ߢ޽ߞߚޕߥ߅ޔߘࠇએ㒠ߦ⊒⴫ߒߚࠕ࡞ࡃࡓߢ߽ࠞࡃ

࡯߇ᐲޘ෼㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆޕߎߩࠃ߁ߦޔೋᦼࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩᭉᦛߪࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞߿࡝࠭ࡓ࡮

ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬߩࠞࡃ࡯߇޽ࠆ⒟ᐲᄢ߈ߥ૏⟎ࠍභ߼ߡ޿ߚߣ⸒߃ࠆޕೋᦼߦࠞࡃ࡯߇ ᄙ޿ߩߪޔනߦታജਇ⿷߿ᤨ㑆⊛೙⚂ߣ޿ߞߚℂ↱߽᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ߇ޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉ

߳ߩ࡝ࠬࡍࠢ࠻ߣ޿߁஥㕙ߪุቯߢ߈ߥ޿ޕ․ߦޔ࡚ࠫࡦ࡮࡟ࡁࡦߪࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭⸃ᢔᓟߩ 75ᐕߦޔ50-60ᐕઍߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߩฬᦛ⟲ࠍ෼㍳ߒߚࠞࡃ࡯࡮ࠕ࡞ࡃࡓޡࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯

࡞ޢ(Rock’n’Roll, 1975)ࠍ⊒⴫ߔࠆߥߤ↢ᶦߦࠊߚߞߡ⥄りߩ㖸ᭉ⊛࡞࡯࠷ߣߒߡࡠ࠶ࠢࡦ

ࡠ࡯࡞ࠍㅊ᳞ߒߡ޿ࠆޕ

߿߇ߡޔ࠺ࡆࡘ࡯⋥ᓟߦߪࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ߦᄢᏅ߇ߥ߆ߞߚޟࡑ࡯ࠫ࡯࡮ࡆ࡯࠻ޠ߽ᢙᐕߢࡃ ࡦ࠼ߩ୘ᕈߣᣇะᕈ߇᣿⏕ߦߥߞߡ޿ߊޕࠞࡃ࡯ਛᔃ߆ࠄᓢޘߦࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞߳ߣ⒖ⴕߒߡ

޿ߊ௑ะߪޔหᤨᦼߩࡃࡦ࠼ߦ౒ㅢߔࠆ․ᓽߢ޽ࠆޕࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉߦ ߣߤ߹ࠄߕޔ⥄࿖ߩ࠻࡜࠶࠼(trad)߿ࡈࠜ࡯ࠢޔࡐ࠶ࡊࠬߦ߽㑐ᔃ߇޽ߞߚࡐ࡯࡞࡮ࡑ࠶ࠞ

࡯࠻࠾࡯ߩᓇ㗀߽޽ࠅޔߐ߹ߑ߹ߥࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ࠍᨵエߦๆ෼࡮ᶖൻߒߡ޿ߞߚޕᓥ᧪ߩࠕࡔ

࡝ࠞߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞߇஻߃ߡ޿ߚ᥸ജ⊛ߥࠪࡖ࠙࠻ޔ᡹᠄⊛ߥࠡ࠲࡯ޔ⋥✢⊛ߥࡆ࡯࠻

ߦട߃ߡޔᓐࠄߩᢾᣂߥࡔࡠ࠺ࠖ࡯ޔ⟤ߒ޿ࡂ࡯ࡕ࠾࡯ޔ❫⚦ߥࠕ࡟ࡦࠫߪࠢ࡜ࠪ࠶ࠢߩ ᚻᴺࠍ฽߻ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩવ⛔㖸ᭉߩⷐ⚛ߢ޽ࠅޔߘߩⲢว߇㕟ᣂ⊛ߢᵞ✵ߐࠇߚࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ࠍ

↢ߺ಴ߒޔࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ࠍౣ᭴▽ߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕ߹ߚޔኻᾖ⊛ߦࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߣੱ᳇ࠍੑ

ಽߒߚࡠ࡯࡝ࡦࠣ࡮ࠬ࠻࡯ࡦ࠭ߪޔࡠࡦ࠼ࡦㄭ㇠಴りߢዋᐕᤨઍ߆ࠄࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߩ࡝࠭ࡓ࡮

ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬ♽ߩࠢ࡜ࡉߦ಴౉ࠅߒߡ޿ߚߎߣ߽޽ࠅޔࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߩḮᵹߢ޽ࠆ

54

ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬߦࠃࠅធㄭߒߡ޿ߞߚޕർㇱࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩޟࡑ࡯ࠫ࡯࡮ࡆ࡯࠻ޠߦ᛼ߐࠇߡ޿

ߚධㇱࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩ࡝࠭ࡓ࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬᵷ߇ࠃࠅޟ㤥޿㖸ޠࠍᮨ⚝ߒᆎ߼ߚߎߣ ߇ޔ࡞࡯࠷ߩౣ⊒⷗ߣࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡝࠹ࠖߩ⏕┙ߦߟߥ߇ࠅޔᏅ⇣ൻߐࠇߚ᏷ᐢ޿㖸ᭉᕈࠍᜬ ߟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢ߇⺀↢ߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕ

ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ߆ࠄᵹ౉ߒߚࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞߿࡝࠭ࡓ࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬߣ޿ߞߚ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉ߳

ߩᙏᙔߣ౒ᝄޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߢ㓉⋓ߒߚࠬࠠ࠶ࡈ࡞ߩDIY♖␹ߣ⥄࿖ߩવ⛔㖸ᭉߦࠃࠆᮨ୮ߣ Ⴧ᏷ߣ޿߁ᢥൻฃኈ࡮ᢥൻᄌኈߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ⚻ߡޔࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢߪ⏕┙ߐࠇߚޕ ߎߩޟ㤥޿㖸ޠߣޟ⊕޿㖸ޠߣߩ⇣⒳੤㈩ߦࠃߞߡޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪ޽ࠆᗧ๧ߢߪޟᧄ‛ޠ ߩ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉએ਄ߩޟ࠾࠮ࡕࡁޠࠍᰴޘߣ↢↥ߒߡࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ߳ㅒャ಴ߒޔࡐࡇࡘ࡜࡯㖸ᭉߩ ᣂႺ࿾ࠍ㐿ᜏߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕߎߩ⧷☨㑆ߩᢥൻࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦߪ࡚ࠫࡦ࡮࠻ࡓ࡝ࡦ

࠰ࡦߩᜰ៰ߔࠆᢥൻᏢ࿖ਥ⟵⊛ߥᢥൻߩ↹৻ൻ߿ᶖᄬߢߪߥߊޔ߻ߒࠈ㔀⒳ൻ߿Ꮕ⇣ൻߢ

޽ࠅޔࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢߩ⺀↢ߪࡠ࡯࡜ࡦ࠼࡮ࡠࡃ࡯࠻࠰ࡦ(Roland Robertson, 1938-) ߇ឭ໒ߔࠆޟࠣࡠ࡯ࠞ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦޠ(Glocalization)ߩ 1 ߟߩ੐଀ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ

࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦߪ਎⇇ฦ࿾ߦޟࡠ࡯ࠞ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦޠ(localization)ߣ޿߁ᵄࠍ๭߮⿠ߎߒߚ߇ޔ ߎߩ 2 ߟߩᵄ߇޽ࠆ႐วߦߪ෻⊒ߒว޿ޔ޽ࠆ႐วߦߪⲢ๺࡮౒ሽߒߟߟޔหᤨਗⴕ⊛ߦ

⿠߈ߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᘒ߇ࠣࡠ࡯ࠞ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢ޽ࠆޕߘߩᗧ๧ߢޔ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉߩฃኈߣᄌኈߣ޿

߁࠻࡜ࡦࠬ࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡞ߥᢥൻᮮᢿ⁁ᴫߪޔࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢߩᒻᚑߦ㊀ⷐߥࡄ࡜࠳

ࠗࡓ࡮ࠪࡈ࠻ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߚߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁ޕ

㧢㧚ਇ⦟ዋᐕ߆ࠄࠕࠗ࠼࡞߳ߩ໡ຠൻ

ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭߇ᖤ㗿ߩో☨೙ⷓࠍ㆐ᚑߔࠆ߹ߢߦߪߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ⚄૛ᦛ᛬߇޽ߞߚޕᓐࠄߩ ᚑഞߩℂ↱ߪ㖸ᭉ⊛ᚽ⢻ߦࠃࠆ߽ߩߛߌߢߥߊޔߘߩⵣ஥ߦߪࡑࡀ࡯ࠫࡖ࡯ߩࡉ࡜ࠗࠕ ࡦ࡮ࠛࡊࠬ࠲ࠗࡦ(Brian Epstein, 1934-67)ߦࠃࠆᏁߺߥࡔ࠺ࠖࠕᚢ⇛߇޽ࠅޔഞࠍᄼߒߚ߆ࠄ ߢ޽ࠆޕ࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞ߢ࡟ࠦ࡯࠼ᐫࠍ⚻༡ߒߡ޿ߚਛ↥㓏⚖಴りߩࠛࡊࠬ࠲ࠗࡦߪޔ࠼ࠗ

࠷࡮ࡂࡦࡉ࡞ࠣߢߩᎼᬺᵴേࠍ⚻ߡ㗡ⷺࠍ⃻ߒߡ޿ߚࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩ࡜ࠗࡧࠍㄭᚲߩࠠࡖࡃ

࡯ࡦ࡮ࠢ࡜ࡉ(Cavern Club)ߢ⋡᠄ߒޔࡆࠫࡀࠬ࡮࠴ࡖࡦࠬߣᝒ߃ޔߔߋߐ߹ࡑࡀ࡯ࠫࡖ࡯ߦ ዞછߔࠆޕ↪ᗧ๟೔ߥࠛࡊࠬ࠲ࠗࡦߪ߹ߕࡆࠫࡘࠕ࡞㕙ߩ〝✢ᄌᦝߦ⌕ᚻߔࠆޕᓐߪ࠺ࡆ ࡘ࡯ߦะߌߡޔ࡝࡯࠯ࡦ࠻ߦ⊹ࠫࡖࡦߣ޿߁ࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߢࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ࠍṶᄼߒߡ޿ߚޟ࠹

࠶࠭ޠߩਇ⦟ዋᐕߚߜࠍޔᒰᤨߣߒߡߪ㐳㜬ߩࡑ࠶ࠪࡘ࡞࡯ࡓ࡮ࠞ࠶࠻ޔ⚦りߩࠬ࡯࠷ޔ

ࠛ࠽ࡔ࡞ࠪࡘ࡯࠭ߣ޿߁ᦨవ┵ߩᵹⴕࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߩޟࡕ࠶࠭ޠ(mods)^㧡㕍ᐕ㘑ߩࠕࠗ࠼࡞ߦᣇ ะォ឵ߐߖߚޕߎࠇߪࠕ࠙࠻ࡠ࡯ߩࠗࡔ࡯ࠫߢᄁࠅ಴ߒߡ޿ߚࡠ࡯࡝ࡦࠣ࡮ࠬ࠻࡯ࡦ࠭ߣ ߪኻᾖ⊛ߥࡆࠫࡘࠕ࡞ߢ޽ࠆޕ߹ߚޔࠛࡊࠬ࠲ࠗࡦߪ㘶㈬߿༛ᾍߩ⑌ᱛޔᤨ㑆෩቞߿␞௾

૞ᴺߥߤࠬ࠹࡯ࠫࡑ࠽࡯ࠍ෩ߒߊ๮ߓߚޕߎߩࠗࡔ࡯ࠫ࡮࠴ࠚࡦࠫߢޔೋᦼࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩ

․ᓽߢ޽ߞߚർㇱࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩਇ⦟ᕈ߿෻᛫⊛ⷐ⚛ߪឃ㒰ߐࠇߚޕߎߎߢ

⇐ᗧߒߚ޿ߩߪޔዊᄸ㤀ߢᷡẖߥࡄࡉ࡝࠶ࠢ࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ࠍᗐ⿠ߐߖࠆ೙᦯࡞࠶ࠢߪޔ଻቞

⊛ߥධㇱࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩਛ↥㓏⚖ࠍ⁓ߞߚࡆࠫࡘࠕ࡞࡮ࠗࡔ࡯ࠫߩะ਄ߛߌ߇⋡⊛ߢߪߥ

޿ޕߘࠇߪ࿾ᣇߩഭ௛⠪㓏⚖߇ਛᄩߩࠛࠬ࠲ࡉ࡝࠶ࠪࡘࡔࡦ࠻ߩ⽎ᓽߢ޽ࠆࡄࡉ࡝࠶ࠢ࡮

ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߩࡈࠔ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍォ↪ߒߚޟࡉ࡝ࠦ࡜࡯ࠫࡘޠ(bricolage)^{ߢ޽ࠅޔࡋࡉ࠺ࠖࠫ߇} ಽᨆߒߚࠃ߁ߦޟࡉ࡝ࠦ࡜࡯ࠫࡘޠࠍ㓏⚖␠ળߦኻߔࠆᛶ᛫ߣᝒ߃ࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆ(102-6)ޕ

55

ᒰᤨߩࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩࡈࠔ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߪޔߎߩ⋧෻ߔࠆ 2 ߟߩ⁓޿ࠍ⷗੐ߦ૕⃻ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ

޽ࠆޕ

߹ߚޔࠛࡊࠬ࠲ࠗࡦߪࡊࡠࡕ࡯࡚ࠪࡦᵴേߦ߽㐳ߌߡ޿ߚޕ࡟ࠦ࡯࠼ળ␠߳ߩᄁࠅㄟߺ ߢࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪEMI஺ਅߩࡄ࡯ࡠࡈࠜࡦ࡮࡟࡯ࡌ࡞ߣᄾ⚂ߒޔࡊࡠ࠺ࡘ࡯ࠨ࡯ߦ࡚ࠫ࡯ࠫ࡮

ࡑ࡯࠹ࠖࡦ(George Martin, 1926-)ࠍㄫ߃ޔ62ᐕ10᦬ߦࡈࠔ࡯ࠬ࠻࡮ࠪࡦࠣ࡞ޟ࡜ࡧ࡮ࡒ࡯࡮

࠼࠘ޠ(“Love Me Do”, 1962)ߢ࠺ࡆࡘ࡯ࠍᨐߚߔޕ⚿ᨐߪ17૏ߣᝄࠆࠊߕޔߘߩ⦁಴ߪ㗅㘑 ḩᏔߢߪߥ߆ߞߚ߇ޔ63ᐕ1᦬ߦ࠮ࠞࡦ࠼࡮ࠪࡦࠣ࡞ޟࡊ࡝࡯࠭࡮ࡊ࡝࡯࠭࡮ࡒ࡯ޠ(“Please Please Me”, 1963)߇1૏ࠍ⸥㍳ߔࠆߣޔ৻べࠬ࠲࡯࠳ࡓߦ⊓ࠅ⹣߼ࠆޕട߃ߡᣂߚߥࡈࠔࡦ

₪ᓧߩᓟ᛼ߒߣߥߞߚߩ߇ޔ࠹࡟ࡆ㖸ᭉ⇟⚵߳ߩ಴Ṷߢ޽ߞߚޕࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߢߪ63ᐕ8᦬ߦ IVTߩޟ࡟࠺ࠖ࡮ࠬ࠹࠺ࠖ࡮ࠧ࡯㧍ޠ(Ready Steady Go!)ޔ64ᐕ1᦬ߦBBCߩޟ࠻࠶ࡊ࡮ࠝ

ࡉ࡮ࠩ࡮ࡐ࠶ࡊࠬޠ(Top of the Pops)ߣ޿ߞߚ㖸ᭉ⇟⚵߇㐿ᆎߐࠇޔ65ᐕߩ࠹࡟ࡆ᥉෸₸ߪ 95%ߦ߹ߢ਄᣹ߒߡ޿ߚޕⷞ⡬ⷡࡔ࠺ࠖࠕߢ޽ࠆ࠹࡟ࡆߪࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ߛߌߩ࡟ࠦ࡯࠼߿࡜ࠫࠝ

ߣ㆑޿ޔࡆࠫࡘࠕ࡞㕙߇㊀ⷞߐࠇࠆޕࠛࡊࠬ࠲ࠗࡦߪࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ࠍࠢ࡝࡯ࡦߥࠗࡔ࡯ࠫߦ ᢛ߃ߡ߆ࠄⓍᭂ⊛ߦ಴Ṷߐߖߚߎߣߢޔᓐࠄߩ⍮ฬᐲߪᕆ਄᣹ߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߦߥࠆޕ߹ߚޔ ߎࠇࠄߩ⇟⚵ߪⷰቴෳടဳߢ޽ࠅޔࡃࡦ࠼ߩṶᄼߦวࠊߖߡ〭ࠆ⧯⠪߇ⷰቴߣߒߡࠬ࠲ࠫ

ࠝ෼㍳ߦෳടߒߡ߅ࠅޔⷰቴ߇↹㕙ߦᤋߒ಴ߐࠇࠆ႐㕙߽ᄙ߆ߞߚޕ↵ሶߪޟࡕ࠶࠭ޠޔᅚ ሶߪޟ࠴ࠚ࡞ࠪ࡯࡮ࠟ࡯࡞ޠ(Chelsea girl)^㧢ߣ޿߁ᦨవ┵ߩࡈࠔ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߢ⌕㘼ߞߡ߅ࠅޔ ࡔ࠺ࠖࠕࠍ੺ߒߚ㖸ᭉߣࡈࠔ࡚ࠪࡦߩ⚿߮ߟ߈ߪޔᚢ⇛⊛੕ᕺ㑐ଥࠍ↢ߺޔᢥൻో૕ߩᵴ ᕈൻߦ৻ᓎ⾈ߞߚޕ

߹ߚޔࠛࡊࠬ࠲ࠗࡦߪࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ࠍᤋ↹⇇ߦ߽ㅴ಴ߐߖߚޕ60 ᐕઍ೨ඨߩࠗࠡ࡝ࠬᤋ↹

⇇ߪޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮࠾ࡘ࡯࡮࠙ࠚࠗࡧޠߩ㓉⋓߆ࠄᵴ᳇ߦḷࠇߡ޿ߚޕࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ೋ

ᦼߦ߅޿ߡߪޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞੱ⋙〈ߩ࡝࠴ࡖ࡯࠼࡮࡟ࠬ࠲࡯߇ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ਥṶߢ 2 ᧄߩᤋ↹ࠍ

⊒⴫ߒߚޕ64ᐕ7᦬ߩޡࡂ࡯࠼࡮࠺ࠗ࠭࡮࠽ࠗ࠻ޢߪޔࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߢߩ᨞ⓨߩ1ᣣࠍ࠼ࠠࡘ ࡔࡦ࠲࡝࡯㘑ߦឬ޿ߚࡕࡁࠢࡠ૞ຠߢޔ4ੱߪታฬߢߘࠇߙࠇߩࠠࡖ࡜ࠢ࠲࡯ㅢࠅߩᓎࠍṶ ߓߚޕ65ᐕ7᦬ߩޡࡋ࡞ࡊ㧍ޢ(Help!, 1965)ߪޔ࡝ࡦࠧ࡮ࠬ࠲࡯ߩᚲ᦭ߔࠆᜰベࠍ߼ߋߞߡ ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭߇੐ઙߦᏎ߈ㄟ߹ࠇࠆߣ޿߁ࠨࠬࡍࡦࠬ༑഍ߢ޽ࠅޔ੍▚߽ⷙᮨ߽୚Ⴧߐࠇޔ

ࠞ࡜࡯૞ຠߢᶏᄖࡠࠤ߽ⴕࠊࠇߚޕߎࠇࠄߩਥṶᤋ↹ߪࡊࡠࡕ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࡆ࠺ࠝߩవ㚟ߌ ߣߥࠅޔᶏᄖߦะߌߚࡈࠔࡦ࡮ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߣߒߡᅢ⹏ࠍඳߒߚޕ

ߎߩࠃ߁ߦޔೋᦼࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ࠍᚑഞߦዉ޿ߚߩߪޔࡑࡀ࡯ࠫࡖ࡯ߩࠛࡊࠬ࠲ࠗࡦߩᚻ⣨

ߦࠃࠆߣߎࠈ߇ᄢ߈޿ޕධർߦಽᢿߐࠇߚ㓏⚖␠ળࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߦ߅޿ߡޔ๟✼࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞

ߩਇ⦟ዋᐕ߇㚂ㇺࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߩ㖸ᭉ↥ᬺߢᏂ⋉ࠍ਄ߍࠆࠕࠗ࠼࡞߳ߣᄌ⽩ߒߡ޿ߊࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ

ߪޟᢥൻߩ໡ຠൻޠߦઁߥࠄߥ޿ޕߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔߘࠇߪหᤨߦᱧผ⊛ߦᛥ࿶ߐࠇߡ߈ߚ ഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩ␠ળᢥൻ⊛ㅴ಴ߩ⽎ᓽߢ߽޽ࠅޔਛ↥㓏⚖ߩᢥൻ⊛ⷓᮭࠍ⣕᭴▽ߔࠆࠝ࡞࠲

࠽࠹ࠖࡧ߆ࠄࡔࠗࡦࠬ࠻࡝࡯ࡓ߳ߩ⒖ⴕߥߩߢ޽ࠆޕߘߩੱ᳇ߪᾲ⁅⊛ߥᅚᕈࡈࠔࡦޟࡆ

࡯࠻࡞ࡑ࠾ࠕޠ(Beatlemania)ࠍ↢ߺޔޟࠬ࠙ࠖࡦࠡࡦ࡮ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦޠߩ⁅㛍ߩ⽎ᓽߣߥߞߚޕ ߎߩޟࡆ࡯࠻࡞ࡑ࠾ࠕޠߦ60ᐕઍߩᅚᕈ⸃᡼ㆇേߩ⪚⧘ࠍᜰ៰ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ߽޽ࠆ(Ehrenreich 85)ޕߎ߁ߒߡᔶᶢߩᔟㅴ᠄ࠍዷ㐿ߒޔ࿖ኅ⊛ߥ␠ળ⃻⽎ߣߥߞߚࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪᰴߩ⥰บߣ ߥࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ߳ㅴ಴ߒޔߐࠄߦࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ߥ᜛ᒛࠍㆀߍࠆߎߣߦߥࠆޕ

56

㧣㧚ޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠߩ᐀㐿ߌ

ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ᚑഞએ೨ߩࡐࡇࡘ࡜࡯㖸ᭉࠪ࡯ࡦߩਛᔃߪࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢ޽ࠅޔᄖ࿖ੱࠕ࡯࠹ࠖ

ࠬ࠻ߦߣߞߡߪ㔍᡹ਇ⪭ߩⷐႧߢ޽ߞߚޕࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭߇ᚲዻߒߡ޿ߚEMIߩࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢߩ

㈩⛎వࠠࡖࡇ࠻࡞࡮࡟ࠦ࡯࠼ߪޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩࠕࠗ࠼࡞᱌ᚻࠢ࡝ࡈ࡮࡝࠴ࡖ࡯࠼(Cliff Richard,

1940-)ߩᄁࠅ಴ߒߦᄬᢌߒߡ޿ߚ⚻㛎߆ࠄࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭߳ߩᛩ⾗ߦ߽ᘕ㊀ߦߥߞߡ޿ߚޕߒ߆

ߒޔ64ᐕ1᦬ߦࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢߩ࠺ࡆࡘ࡯࡮ࠪࡦࠣ࡞ޟᛴ߈ߒ߼ߚ޿ޠ(“I Want to Hold Your Hand”,

1964)ࠍ⊒ᄁߔࠆߣ⁁ᴫߪ৻ᄌߔࠆޕ2 ㅳ㑆ᓟߦߪో☨ 1 ૏ࠍ⸥㍳ߒޔᲕ೔ߔࠆ࡝ࠢࠛࠬ࠻

߆ࠄ⍫⛮߉ᣧߦࠪࡦࠣ࡞ߣࠕ࡞ࡃࡓࠍ⊒ᄁߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆޕ

ߘߒߡޔ64ᐕ2᦬7ᣣߦࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪೋ߼ߡᷰ☨ߔࠆޕߘߩ㓙߽4,000ੱߩᅚᕈࡈࠔࡦ ߦ⷗ㅍࠄࠇߡࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߩࡅ࡯ࠬࡠ࡯ⓨ᷼ࠍ಴⊒ߒޔߐࠄߦ4,000ੱߩᅚᕈࡈࠔࡦ߇ᓙߜ᭴߃ ࠆ࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢߩ࡚ࠫࡦ࡮F࡮ࠤࡀ࠺ࠖ࿖㓙ⓨ᷼ߦ೔⌕ߒߚޕਔ࿖ߩޟࡆ࡯࠻࡞ࡑ࠾ࠕޠߩ

⛘ตߪޔޟࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩଚ⇛ޠ㐿ᆎߩว࿑ߣߥߞߚޕޟCBSࠗࡉ࠾ࡦࠣ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬޠ(CBS Evening

News)ߩࠕࡦࠞ࡯ࠍോ߼ࠆ࠙ࠜ࡞࠲࡯࡮ࠢࡠࡦࠞࠗ࠻(Walter Cronkite, 1916-2009)ߪޔߘߩᮨ

᭽ࠍ“The British Invasion this time goes by the code name Beatlemania.” (Gould 3-4) ߣ⥝ᅗ᳇๧

ߦႎ㆏ߒߚޕߘߩ 2 ᣣᓟޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪੱ᳇ࡧࠔ࡜ࠛ࠹ࠖ⇟⚵ޟࠛ࠼࡮ࠨ࡝ࡧࠔࡦ࡮࡚ࠪ

࡯ޠ(The Ed Sullivan Show)ߦ಴Ṷߔࠆޕ63ᐕߦߪࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ࠹࡟ࡆ᥉෸₸ߪ89%ߦ㆐ߒߡ ߅ࠅޔߘߩ᡼ㅍߪ࠹࡟ࡆผ਄ᦨ㜞ߩⷞ⡬₸ࠍ⸥㍳ߒߡ7,300ਁੱ߇ⷞ⡬ߒߚߣ޿޿ޔ᡼ㅍਛ ߪో☨ߢ‽⟋߇1ઙ߽⊒↢ߒߥ߆ߞߚߣ޿߁ㅺ⹤߇ᱷߞߡ޿ࠆ(Miles 74)ޕ⛯ߊ2᦬11ᣣߩ ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦDC ߩࠦࡠࠪࠕࡓޔ12 ᣣߩ࠾ࡘ࡯࡛࡯ࠢߩࠞ࡯ࡀࠡ࡯࡮ࡎ࡯࡞ߢߩ࡜ࠗࡧᚑഞ ߢޔߘߩ῜⊒⊛ੱ᳇ߪో☨ߦᵄ෸ߒߡ޿ߊޕ

ߘߒߡޔ4᦬ߦߪޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠߦ߅޿ߡޔᦨ߽⽎ᓽ⊛ߥ಴᧪੐

߇⿠ߎࠆޕߘࠇߪࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭߇64ᐕߩ4᦬4ᣣઃߌో☨ࠪࡦࠣ࡞࡮࠴ࡖ࡯࠻ߢ਄૏5ᦛࠍ

⁛භߒޔ࠻࠶ࡊ100࿤ౝߦ߽ߐࠄߦ7 ᦛࠍㅍࠅㄟࠎߛߎߣߢ޽ࠆޕ࠻࠶ࡊ5ߩ⚿ᨐߪޔᰴ

ߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆޕ

No.1, “Can’t Buy Me Love” / The Beatles No.2, “Twist and Shout” / The Beatles No.3, “She Loves You” / The Beatles

No.4, “I Want to Hold Your Hand” / The Beatles No.5, “Please Please Me” / The Beatles

(Harry 42)

⏕߆ߦࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩࡃࡦ࠼߇೨ੱᧂ〯ߩᱧผ⊛ᔟ᜼ࠍᚑߒㆀߍߚߎߣߢޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ߇ᢥൻ⊛

ߦᓕ᦯ߐࠇߚߣᄢⴻⵯߦ⴫⃻ߒߚߩ߽ήℂߪߥ޿ޕࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩో☨೙ⷓߦࠃߞߡή᧦ઙ 㒠ફ⊛ߦࠕࡔ࡝ࠞᏒ႐ߩ㐷ᚭ߇㐿߆ࠇޔޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠ߇ᧄᩰ⊛ߦ

⊒↢ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆޕࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ㖸ᭉ⇇ߪ⧯ᚻࡠ࠶ࠢࡃࡦ࠼ࠍᰴޘߣࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ߳ㅍࠅㄟߺޔ ࡠ࡯࡝ࡦࠣ࡮ࠬ࠻࡯ࡦ࠭ޔࠠࡦࠢࠬ(The Kinks, 1964-96)ޔࠕ࠾ࡑ࡞࠭(The Animals, 1964-66)ޔ

࠱ࡦࡆ࡯࠭(The Zombies, 1964-68)ޔࡑࡦࡈ࡟࠶࠼࡮ࡑࡦ(Manfred Mann, 1963-69)ߥߤᄙᢙߩ ࡃࡦ࠼߇64ᐕߩᐕ㑆࠴ࡖ࡯࠻ߦ౉ߞߚޕߎ߁ߒߡ⚂3ᐕߦࠊߚߞߡޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩࡃࡦ࠼߇

57

ో☨࠴ࡖ࡯࠻ࠍ೙࿶ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆޕ

ߢߪޔޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠߪߤߩࠃ߁ߥᢥൻ⊛ഞ❣߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆߩߛ ࠈ߁߆ޕߎߎߢ⌕⌒ߔߴ߈ߪޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭߇⁛භߒߚో☨ࠪࡦࠣ࡞࡮࠴ࡖ࡯࠻ߦ߅ߌࠆޟ࠷

ࠗࠬ࠻࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࠪࡖ࠙࠻ޠ(“Twist and Shout”, 1964)ߢ޽ࠆޕઁߩ4ᦛߪࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩࠝ࡝

ࠫ࠽࡞ߢ޽ࠆ߇ޔޟ࠷ࠗࠬ࠻࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࠪࡖ࠙࠻ޠߪࠕࡔ࡝ࠞੱ⡯ᬺ㖸ᭉኅࡃ࡯࠻࡮࡜࠶࠮

࡞(Bert Russell, 1929-67)㧛ࡈࠖ࡞࡮ࡔ࠼࡟࡯(Philip Medley, 1916-97)ߩࠞࡃ࡯ߢ޽ࠆޕ೨ㅀߒ ߚࠃ߁ߦޔࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢߩ㖸ᭉ⊛࡞࡯࠷ߪࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞߿࡝࠭ࡓ࡮

ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠅޔࠞࡃ࡯߿ࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ߢߘߩᓇ㗀߇㓐ᚲߦ၂㑆⷗߃ࠆޕࠃߞߡޔޟࡉ

࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠߩ╙ 1 ߩഞ❣ߪޔ↥಴࿖ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢૐㅅߒߡ޿ߚࡠ࠶

ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞߿࡝࠭ࡓ࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࡉ࡞࡯ࠬࠍࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩࡃࡦ࠼߇ࠞࡃ࡯߿ࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ߩᵞ✵

ߐࠇߚࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ߣࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߢㅒャ಴ߒޔᧄ࿖ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦ߅ߌࠆ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉࠍౣ⹏ଔߐߖߚߎ ߣߢ޽ࠆޕߘߩầᵹ߆ࠄޔ࠺࠻ࡠࠗ࠻⊒ߩࡐ࠶ࡊߥ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉޟࡕ࡯࠲࠙ࡦ࡮ࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ޠ(Motown

Sound)߇60ᐕઍએ㒠ߦ㓉⋓ߔࠆߎߣߪᭂ߼ߡ␜ໂ⊛ߢ޽ࠈ߁ޕ઒ߦࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩ⊕ੱࡒࡘ࡯

ࠫࠪࡖࡦߣ޿߁ᒝജߥᇦ੺㗄߇ߥߌࠇ߫ޔ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉߪࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࡠ࡯ࠞ࡞ᢥൻߩ߹߹⇐߹

ࠅޔ⃻࿷ߩࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ߥࡐࡇࡘ࡜࡯㖸ᭉߦᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆߎߣ߽ߥ߆ߞߚ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿ޕߎ ߎߦࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉߣࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢߣߩᢥൻ⊛ㅪ⛯ᕈࠍ⷗಴ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ ࠃ߁ޕ

߹ߚޔࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢߩࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ᦛࠍ૞⹖࡮૞ᦛߒޔࡃࡦ࠼ߢṶᄼߔࠆߣ޿

߁ࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߪ⧷☨ߩ㖸ᭉᬺ⇇ߦ৻⍹ࠍᛩߓߚޕᒰᤨߩ㖸ᭉࡆࠫࡀࠬߪ㖸ᭉ಴ ␠߇ታᮭࠍ

ីߞߡ߅ࠅޔޟࡉ࡝࡞࡮ࡆ࡞࠺ࠖࡦࠣޠ(Brill Building)ߦઍ⴫ߐࠇࠆ㖸ᭉ಴ ␠ߩ⡯ᬺ㖸 ᭉኅ㓸࿅߇૞⹖࡮૞ᦛ࡮✬ᦛ࡮᱌໒ࠍಽᬺ૕೙ߢᭉᦛࠍ㊂↥ߔࠆޟ࠹ࠖࡦ࡮ࡄࡦ࡮ࠕ࡟࡯

ᣇᑼޠ(Tin Pan Alley)߇ਥᵹߢޔࠕ࡯࠹ࠖࠬ࠻ߪߘߩᭉᦛࠍ⾼౉ߔࠆߎߣ߇Ᏹ⼂ߢ޽ߞߚޕ ߘࠇߦኻߒߡޔࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢߩ૞⹖૞ᦛࠍⴕ߁⥄૞⥄Ṷߩࡃࡦ࠼ߣ޿߁ࠬ࠲ࠗ

࡞ߪޔࠬࠠ࠶ࡈ࡞ߩDIY ♖␹ߦⵣᛂߜߐࠇߚࠕࡑ࠴ࡘࠕ࡝࠭ࡓࠍ࿯บߦߒߡ߅ࠅޔᒰᤨߩ 㖸ᭉᬺ⇇ߩᏱ⼂ࠍⷒߔࠕࡦ࠴࠹࡯࠯ߣߥߞߚޕߎߩࠃ߁ߦޔޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚࠗ

࡚ࠫࡦޠߩ╙ 2 ߩഞ❣ߪޔ࠰ࡦࠣ࡜ࠗ࠲࡯ߦଐሽߒߥ޿ࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ᦛߦࠃࠆ⥄↱ߢഃㅧ⊛

ߥ⥄Ꮖ⴫⃻ߩ⏕┙ߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆޕߎߩ௑ะࠍ᱑ㄫߒߚߩߪޔ᡽ᴦ⊛࡮␠ળ⊛ࡔ࠶࠮࡯ࠫ

ࠍ᱌߁ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࡈࠜ࡯ࠢ࡮ࠪ࡯ࡦߢ޽ࠅޔṶᄼࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߦ߽ᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌޔ߿߇ߡࡈࠜ࡯

ࠢ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢ(folk rock)ߣ޿߁ᣂߚߥ㖸ᭉࠫࡖࡦ࡞ߩ⏕┙߳ߣߟߥ߇ߞߡ޿ߊޕ

ߎߩࠃ߁ߦޔޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠ߇߽ߚࠄߒߚ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉߩౣ⹏ଔߣࠝ

࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ᦛߦࠃࠆ⥄↱ߢഃㅧ⊛ߥ⥄Ꮖ⴫⃻ߦࠃߞߡޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ㖸ᭉࠪ࡯ࡦߪౣ✬߳ߣะ ߆޿ޔ㑆ធ⊛ߦߪ౏᳃ᮭㆇേ߿෻ᚢㆇേࠍଦㅴߒߚߣ޿߁␠ળᢥൻ⊛⽸₂ࠍᜰ៰ߔࠆߎߣ ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆޕ

㧤㧚ഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩ⧷㓶㧫

ߎߎߢౣ߮ޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩో☨೙ⷓߢ᱑༑ߦᴣߊࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߦ⋡ࠍォߓޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ߆ࠄᏫ ㆶߒߚࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ࠍขࠅᏎߊ⁁ᴫ߆ࠄࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ․᦭ߩ㓏⚖ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߒߡߺߚ޿ޕർㇱ

ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩഭ௛⠪㓏⚖಴りߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡃࡦ࠼ߩᚑഞߪޔવ⛔⊛ߥ㓏⚖␠ળߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥ ᄌൻࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߚߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆ޕࠕࡔ࡝ࠞㅴ಴೨ߩ63ᐕ11᦬4ᣣޔߔߢߦ࿖᳃⊛ࠕࠗ࠼࡞

58

ߦߥߞߡ޿ߚࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ₺ቶਥ௅ߩޟࡠࠗࡗ࡞࡮ࡃ࡜ࠛ࠹ࠖ࡮ࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬޠ

(Royal Variety Performance)ߦ಴Ṷߔࠆޕળ႐ߩࡊ࡝ࡦࠬ࡮ࠝࡉ࡮࠙ࠚ࡯࡞࠭഍႐ߦߪޔ৻⥸

ߩⷰቴߛߌߢߥߊޔࠛ࡝ࠩࡌࠬᅚ₺ࠍ฽߻₺ቶ߿਄ᵹ㓏⚖߇⥃Ꮸߒߡ޿ߚޕߔࠆߣޔ࡚ࠫ

ࡦߪᦨᓟߩᦛࠍṶᄼߔࠆ೨ߦᰴߦࠃ߁ߦቴᏨߦ๭߮߆ߌࠆޕ

For our last number, I’d like to ask your help. Will the people in the cheaper seats clap your hands? And the rest of you, if you’ll, just rattle your jewelry. (qtd. in Spitz 434)

ഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߣ਄ᵹ㓏⚖߇⋧Ꮸߔࠆ౏⊛ⓨ㑆ߦ߅޿ߡޔ㓏⚖␠ળࠍ∩ὓߦៃឦߒߚߎߩ⊒⸒

ߪ๼߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߽ߥߊޔᓟᣣ࠹࡟ࡆߢ߽ߘߩ߹߹᡼ㅍߐࠇߚޕߘࠇߪޟኡኈߥ␠ળޠ

(permissive society)ߣ޿߁ࡓ࡯࠼ߩ㜞឴ߦࠃߞߡ㓏⚖ߩ㓚ო߇ᓢޘߦ፣უߒߟߟ޽ࠆߣ߽⸃

㉼ߢ߈ࠆ߇ޔᔅߕߒ߽৻᭎ߦߪ⸒߃ߥ޿ޕࠕࡔ࡝ࠞㅴ಴ᓟߩ 65ᐕ 10 ᦬ޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪߘ ߩ໡ᬺ⊛ᚑഞ߇ᄖ⽻₪ᓧߢ⚻ᷣ⊛⽸₂ࠍᨐߚߒߚߣ޿߁ℂ↱ߢޔࡠ࠶ࠢࡃࡦ࠼ߣߒߡߪ⇣

଀ߩޟᄢ⧷Ꮲ࿖╙5⚖ൟ┨ޠ(MBE = Members of the Order of the British Empire)ࠍࡃ࠶ࠠࡦࠣ

ࠟࡓችᲚߩᄢ⻏⷗ቶߢࠛ࡝ࠩࡌࠬᅚ₺߆ࠄ᝼ਈߐࠇߚޕ^㧣ർㇱࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩഭ௛⠪㓏⚖಴

りߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡃࡦ࠼ߩฃൟߦኻߒߡޔㆊ෰ߩᄢᚢߩᱞൟߢฃൟߒߚァੱߚߜ߇᛫⼏ߒߡൟ┨

ࠍ㄰ㆶߔࠆߣ޿߁㛍േ߽޽ࠅޔ60 ᐕઍਛ㗃ߦ౉ߞߡ߽ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߪଐὼߣߒߡᄢ⧷Ꮲ࿖⊛ࡁ

ࠬ࠲࡞ࠫ࡯ߣᒝ࿕ߥ㓏⚖ᗧ⼂ߦ᧤❈ߐࠇߡ޿ߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕ

ߢߪޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪߤߩࠃ߁ߥ㓏⚖ᗧ⼂ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ߚߩߛࠈ߁߆ޕ৻⥸⊛ߦᓐࠄߪోຬ

߇ഭ௛⠪㓏⚖಴りߛߣ⺋⸃ߐࠇ߇ߜߢ޽ࠆޕ࡚ࠫࡦߪ଀ᄖ⊛ߦⶄ㔀ߥኅᐸⅣႺ߽޽ߞߡ⵨

⑔ߥਛ↥㓏⚖ߩኅᐸߢ⢒ߜޔࠕ࡯࠻࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߦㅴቇߒߡ޿ࠆޕࠕ࡯࠻࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߪޔ19

਎♿ߦ࠙ࠖ࡝ࠕࡓ࡮ࡕ࡝ࠬ(William Morris, 1834-96)߇ਥዉߒߚޟࠕ࡯࠷࡮ࠕࡦ࠼࡮ࠢ࡜ࡈ࠷

ㆇേޠ(Arts and Crafts Movement)ߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡ⸳┙ߐࠇߚ↥ᬺ࠺ࠩࠗࡦቇᩞࠍ࡞࡯࠷ߣߔࠆ

⛮⛯ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣ⧷࿖₺┙⟤ⴚ㒮ߩࠃ߁ߥ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦᄢ೎ߐࠇࠆޕߘߩᄢඨࠍභ߼ࠆ೨

⠪ߪ⡯ᬺ⸠✵ᩞ⊛ߥ஥㕙߆ࠄ౉ቇߩᢝዬ߇ૐߊޔᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ߩ⛎ઃᅑቇ೙ᐲߢਛ↥㓏⚖߿ഭ

௛⠪㓏⚖߇ᄙߊ౉ቇߒߡ޿ߚޕࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩࡠ࠶ࠢࡃࡦ࠼ߣࠕ࡯࠻࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߣߩ⚿߮ߟ߈ ߪᭂ߼ߡᷓߊޔ2ߟߩ⇣ߥࠆ㓏⚖߇಴ળ޿ޔᣂߚߥ⧯⠪ᢥൻ߇↢ᚑߐࠇࠆ႐ᚲߢ޽ߞߚ(Frith

and Horne 1)ޕታ㓙ޔࡠ࡯࡝ࡦࠣ࡮ࠬ࠻࡯ࡦ࠭߿ࠠࡦࠢࠬߪࠕ࡯࠻࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߢ⚿ᚑߐࠇߚ

ࡃࡦ࠼ߢ޽ࠆޕ߹ߚޔ࡚ࠫࡦߪ࠺ࡆࡘ࡯೨ߦ⣕ㅌߒߚరࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߩࠬ࠴ࡘࠕ࡯࠻࡮ࠨ࠻ࠢ

࡝ࡈ(Stuart Sutcliffe, 1940-62)ߣࠕ࡯࠻࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߢ಴ળ޿ޔࡃࡦ࠼ߦ൘⺃ߒߡ޿ࠆޕߐࠄߦޔ

࠺ࡆࡘ࡯ᓟ߽࡚ࠫࡦ߇ࠕࡦ࠺ࠖ࡮࠙ࠜ࡯ࡎ࡞(Andy Warhol, 1928-87)ߩޟࡐ࠶ࡊ࡮ࠕ࡯࠻ޠ(pop art)߿ࠝࡁ࡮࡛࡯ࠦ(Yoko Ono, 1933-)ߩޟ೨ⴡ⧓ⴚޠ(avant-garde)ߦ㑐ᔃࠍᛴ޿ߡ੤ᵹߒߡ޿

ࠆὐ߆ࠄޔᓐߩ⧓ⴚ⊛ᗵᕈ߇ࠕ࡯࠻࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߢ⚛㙃ߐࠇߚߎߣߪ᣿⊕ߢ޽ࠆޕߒߚ߇ߞ ߡޔኅᐸ߿ቇᱧ߆ࠄ್ᢿߔࠆߣޔ࡚ࠫࡦߪਛ↥㓏⚖⊛ࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ߚߣ⸒

߃ࠆޕ

ߣߎࠈ߇ޔ࡚ࠫࡦߪࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭⸃ᢔ⋥ᓟߩ࠰ࡠ࡮ࠕ࡞ࡃࡓޡ࡚ࠫࡦ࡮࡟ࡁࡦ㧛ࡊ࡜ࠬ࠹

ࠖ࠶ࠢ࡮ࠝࡁ࡮ࡃࡦ࠼ޢ(John Lennon / Plastic Ono Band, 1970)ߢන⁛ߢ૞⹖࡮૞ᦛࠍⴕߞߚ ޟഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩ⧷㓶ޠ(“Working Class Hero”, 1970)ߣ޿߁ᭉᦛࠍ⊒⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆޕߎࠇࠍᓐߩ ഭ௛⠪㓏⚖⊛ߥᏫዻᗧ⼂߇ߘߩ߹߹෻ᤋߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ್ᢿߔࠆߩߪ޽߹ࠅߦ߽቟⋥ߢ޽ࠆޕ

࡚ࠫࡦߪઁߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߣหߓഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ࠍ᳇ขߞߚ߽ߩߩޔਛ↥㓏⚖⊛ଔ୯ⷰ߇޽ࠅޔഭ

59

௛⠪㓏⚖ߣቢోߦหൻߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚߪߕߢ޽ࠆޕᓐߩῳࠕ࡞ࡈ࡟࠶࠼࡮࡟ࡁࡦ (Alfred Lennon, 1912-76)ߪഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩ⦁ຬߢ޽ߞߚ߇ޔᲣࠫࡘ࡝ࠕ࡮࡟ࡁࡦ(Julia Lennon, 1914-58)ߪਛ↥㓏⚖ߢ޽ߞߚޕᐜዋᦼߦਔⷫ߇㔌ᇕߒޔ࡚ࠫࡦߪᲣߩᆌࡔࠕ࡝࡯㨯ࠛ࡝ࠩࡌ

ࠬ㨯ࠬࡒࠬ(Mary Elizabeth Smith, 1903-1992)ߩਛ↥㓏⚖ߩኅᐸߢ᥵ࠄߔࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚޕߟ߹ࠅޔ

࡚ࠫࡦߪ಴⥄߆ࠄᗵᖱ⊛ߦߪഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߢ޽ࠆ߇ޔ⚻ᱧ߆ࠄᗵⷡ⊛ߦߪਛ↥㓏⚖ߢ޽ߞߚ น⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿ޕࠃߞߡޔޟഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩ⧷㓶ޠߢ࡝ࡈ࡟ࠗࡦߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ“A working class hero is something to be” (Lennon 4) ߣ޿߁ࡈ࡟࡯࠭ߪޔ࡚ࠫࡦ߇㓏⚖⊛ࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖߩ⧰ᖠࠍ ๔⊕ߒߡ޿ߚߣ޿߁઒⺑߇ᚑ┙ߔࠆޕ࡚ࠫࡦߩ㓏⚖⊛⧰ᖠߪޔࠝ࠭ࡏ࡯ࡦߩޡᔶࠅࠍㄟ߼

ߡᝄࠅ㄰ࠇޢߩਥੱ౏ࠫࡒ࡯࡮ࡐ࡯࠲࡯ߣⷫ෹ࠢ࡝ࡈ߇“We both come from working people […]. Common as dirt […].” (30) ߣỗᣵߔࠆ㓏⚖␠ળߦኻߔࠆޟᔶࠅޠࠍᗐ⿠ߐߖޔޟᔶࠇࠆ

⧯⠪ߚߜޠ߆ࠄࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩᐩᵹߦẜ࿷ߔࠆ෻ㅒ♖␹ߩ⛮ᛚࠍㄡࠆ ߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠃ߁ޕ

ߢߪޔ࡚ࠫࡦߪഭ௛⠪㓏⚖߳ߩᏫዻᗧ⼂߇ోߊߥ߆ߞߚߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆ޕࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩ࠰

ࡦࠣ࡜ࠗ࠲࡯ߪ࡚ࠫࡦߣࡐ࡯࡞߇ਛᔃߢ޽ߞߚ߇ޔᓐࠄߪ౒หߢ૞⹖࡮૞ᦛࠍⴕߞߚߎߣ ࠍ␜ߔޟ࡟ࡁࡦ㧛ࡑ࠶ࠞ࡯࠻࠾࡯ޠ(Lennon / McCartney)ߣ޿߁ࠢ࡟ࠫ࠶࠻ࠍ૶↪ߒߚޕ㖸 ᭉߩ⿰๧ߢᗧ᳇ᛩวߒߚߛߌߢߥߊޔ߅੕޿Უⷫࠍㄭ޿ᤨᦼߦ੢ߊߒޔ㘃ૃߒߚႺㆄߦ⟎

߆ࠇߚᓐࠄߪⷫ෹ߣߒߡᒝ޿⚿᧤ࠍᷓ߼ޔ㖸ᭉߦᴚ㗡ߒߡ޿ߞߚޕ৻ᔃห૕ࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆߘ ߩࠢ࡟ࠫ࠶࠻ߪᓐࠄߩ෹ᖱߩ⸽ߣߒߡන⁛૞ߢ߽౒૞ߢ߽૶↪ߐࠇޔ⚿ᚑ߆ࠄ⸃ᢔ߹ߢᄌ ࠊࠆߎߣ߇ߥ߆ߞߚޕ߹ߚޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪ࠺ࡆࡘ࡯ᓟ߽ోຬ࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞⸦ࠅߩ⧷⺆ࠍ⹤

ߒޔᓐࠄߩᭉᦛߦߪޟࠬ࠻ࡠࡌ࡝࡯࡮ࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠭࡮ࡈࠜ࡯ࠛࡧࠔ࡯ޠ(“Strawberry Fields Forever”,

1967)߿ޟࡍ࠾࡯࡮࡟࡯ࡦޠ(“Penny Lane”, 1967)ߥߤ᡿ㇹ࡝ࡧࠔࡊ࡯࡞ࠍ࿁㘈ߒߚᦛ߽ᄙ޿ޕ

ߎߩഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩવ⛔⊛ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩ⚷Ꮺ߆ࠄ࡚ࠫࡦߩഭ௛⠪㓏⚖⊛ࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖ

ࠍ⷗಴ߔߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠃ߁ޕ

ߎߩࠃ߁ߦޔ࡚ࠫࡦߩ㓏⚖ᗧ⼂ߪᗵᖱ⊛ߦߪഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߢ޽ߞߚ߇ޔਛ↥㓏⚖⊛ߥᗵⷡ

߽ᜬߜวࠊߖߡ߅ࠅޔ㓏⚖⊛ࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖߦ⧰ᖠߒߡ޿ߚߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁ޕࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߦ ߟ޿ߡߪޔᐕ㦂߿ᕈ೎߿㓏⚖ࠍ໧ࠊߕޔᄙߊߩੱޘߦᗲߐࠇߚሽ࿷ߢ޽ߞߚߎߣ⥄૕߇ߘ ߩ㓏⚖⿥⿧ᕈࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆޕ

㧥㧚ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ෻ᔕ

64 ᐕߩࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߪ 2 ߟߩᄢ߈ߥᵄߢំࠇേ޿ߡ޿ߚޕ1 ߟߪޔᢥൻ㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆޟࡉ࡝࠹

ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠߢ޽ࠆޕ߽߁1ߟߪ␠ળ㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆޟࡉ࡜࠶ࠢ࡮ࡄࡢ࡯ޠ(black

power)ߢ޽ࠆޕߘߩࠃ߁ߥ␠ળᢥൻ⊛ᖱ൓ߦ߅޿ߡޔ62ᐕߩࡑ࡝࡝ࡦ࡮ࡕࡦࡠ࡯ߩ⻘ߩᱫޔ

62ᐕߩࠠࡘ࡯ࡃෂᯏޔ63ᐕߩ࡚ࠫࡦ࡮F࡮ࠤࡀ࠺ࠖ(John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 1917-63)ᄢ⛔㗔 ߩᥧᲕߪࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦᥧ޿ᓇࠍ⪭ߣߒߚޕ⛯޿ߡޔ64ᐕߩ౏᳃ᮭᴺᚑ┙ᓟޔ65ᐕߦߪࡑ࡞ࠦ

ࡓX(Malcolm X, 1925-65)ߩᥧᲕޔ68ᐕߦߪࡑ࡯࠹ࠖࡦ࡮࡞࡯ࠨ࡯࡮ࠠࡦࠣ(Martin Luther King, 1929-68)’ᏧߩᥧᲕ߇⊒↢ߒޔ౏᳃ᮭㆇേߪߘߩᦨਛߦਥⷐߥᜰዉ⠪ࠍᄬ߁ߎߣߦߥࠆޕࡌ

࠻࠽ࡓᚢ੎߽ᵆᴧൻߒޔ౏᳃ᮭㆇേߛߌߢߥߊޔᐔ๺ㆇേ߿ࡅ࠶ࡇ࡯ᢥൻޔ࠙࡯ࡑࡦ࡮࡝

ࡧ߿ࡈ࡝࡯࡮࠮࠶ࠢࠬߥߤᤨઍߩᄢ߈ߥ߁ߨࠅ߇↢ߓߡ޿ߞߚޕ

ߘ߁ߒߚേะߩవ㗡ߦߪޔࡈࠜ࡯ࠢ᱌ᚻߩሽ࿷߇޽ࠅޔࡊࡠ࠹ࠬ࠻࡮࠰ࡦࠣߩᣛᚻߣߒ

60

ߡࡏࡉ࡮࠺ࠖ࡜ࡦ(Bob Dylan, 1941-)߇⊓႐ߔࠆޕ࠺ࡆࡘ࡯ᒰᤨߩࡏࡉ࡮࠺ࠖ࡜ࡦߪ␠ળ⊛ࡔ

࠶࠮࡯ࠫࠍࠕࠦ࡯ࠬ࠹ࠖ࠶ࠢ࡮ࠡ࠲࡯ߢᒢ߈⺆ࠆࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߢ޽ߞߚ߇ޔޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮

ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌޔ⓭ὼߘߩࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ࠍ᡼᫈ߔࠆޕᓐߪࠛ࡟ࠠ࡮ࠡ࠲࡯ߦ ᜬߜᦧ߃ߡࡃ࠶ࠢࡃࡦ࠼ࠍ⿠↪ߒޔࡈࠜ࡯ࠢ࡮ࡠ࠶ࠢ߳ߣォะߒߚޕߘߩઍ⴫ᦛޟ࡜ࠗࠢ࡮

ࠕ࡮ࡠ࡯࡝ࡦࠣ࡮ࠬ࠻࡯ࡦޠ(“Like a Rolling Stone”, 1965)߇ᦠ߆ࠇߚߩߪޔ65ᐕ5᦬ߩࠗࠡ

࡝ࠬ࠷ࠕ࡯߆ࠄᏫ࿖ߔࠆ㓙ߢ޽ࠅޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭߆ࠄߩᓇ㗀ߪ᣿⊕ߢ޽ࠆޕ

৻ᣇߩࡆ࡯࠻࡞߽࠭64ᐕߩᷰ☨⋥೨ߩࡄ࡝౏Ṷߢࡏࡉ࡮࠺ࠖ࡜ࡦࠍ⍮ࠅޔ64ᐕߦో⧷1

૏ࠍ⸥㍳ߒߚࠕ࡞ࡃࡓޡࡈ࡝࡯ࡎࠗ࡯࡝ࡦ㨯ࡏࡉ㨯࠺ࠖ࡜ࡦޢ(The Freewheelin’ Bob Dylan,

1963)ࠍ⡬߈ㄟߺޔหᐕ2࿁⋡ߩࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ࠷ࠕ࡯ߢኻ㕙ࠍᨐߚߒߚޕࡏࡉ㨯࠺ࠖ࡜ࡦߩᓇ㗀ࠍ

ฃߌߚ࡚ࠫࡦߩ૞㘑߽ᓢޘߦᄌൻߒᆎ߼ޔ65 ᐕ 8 ᦬ߩࠕ࡞ࡃࡓޡࡋ࡞ࡊ㧍ޢ(Help!, 1965)

෼㍳ߩޟᖤߒߺߪ߱ߞߣ߫ߖޠ(“You’ve Got to Hide Your Love Away”, 1965)ࠍޔࡐ࡯࡞ߪ“It is just basically John doing Dylan.” (qtd. in Dowling 554) ߣ⹏ߒߡ޿ࠆޕએ㒠ޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߣࡏ ࡉ࡮࠺ࠖ࡜ࡦߪಾ⏢℉⏴ߒߥ߇ࠄ60ᐕઍߩࡐࡇࡘ࡜࡯㖸ᭉࠪ࡯ࡦࠍ‧ᒁߒߡ޿ߊਇേߩሽ

࿷ߣߥࠆޕ

ઁᣇޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߢߪޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠ߳ߩኻ᛫ᗧ⼂߽⧘↢߃ߡ޿

ߚޕࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩᢘᗲߔࠆࠛ࡞ࡧࠖࠬ࡮ࡊ࡟ࠬ࡝࡯ߪߘߩੱ᳇ࠍಒ㚧ߐࠇߡ‎ၔࠍ፣ߐࠇ ߚ்ᔃ߆ࠄޔ“The Beatles came to this country, made their money, and then returned to England where they promoted an anti-American theme.” (qtd. in Krogh 35)

ߣ㔺㛽ߦ㕖㔍ߒߚޕ߹ߚޔࡆ

࡯࠴࡮ࡏ࡯ࠗ࠭(The Beach Boys, 1961-)ߪࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ࠍ࡜ࠗࡃ࡞ⷞߒޔߘࠇ߹ߢߩ⷏ᶏጯ ߩ⧯⠪ᢥൻࠍ⴫⃻ߒߚシᔟߥࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼߆ࠄᣇะォ឵ߒޔ66 ᐕߦࠦࡦ࠮ࡊ࠻࡮ࠕ࡞ࡃࡓ ޡࡍ࠶࠻࡮ࠨ࠙ࡦ࠭ޢ

(Pet Sounds, 1966)ࠍ⊒⴫ߒޔታ㛎⊛ߥࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ࠍㅊ᳞ߒߚޕ߹ߚޔ 66ᐕߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡆࡘ࡯ߢ࡚ࠫࡦߩ“We’re more popular than Jesus now.” (Cloonan 134) ߣ޿߁⊒

⸒߇ޔ․ߦޟࡃࠗࡉ࡞࡮ࡌ࡞࠻ޠ(Bible Belt)ߣ๭߫ࠇࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞධㇱߣਛㇱߩࠠ࡝ࠬ࠻ᢎᓤ ࠍᙍỗߐߖޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ឃᢺㆇേߦ߹ߢ⊒ዷߒߚޕ

ߎࠇࠄߩ෻ᔕ߆ࠄޔ

ޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮

ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠ߇ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦߣߞߡⴣ᠄⊛੐ઙߛߞߚߎߣߪᗐ௝ߦ㔍ߊߪߥ޿ޕ ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ෻ᔕࠍฃߌޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩ㖸ᭉᕈߦ߽ᄌൻ߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆޕ64ᐕ12᦬ ߩࠕ࡞ࡃࡓޡࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭࡮ࡈࠜ࡯࡮࠮࡯࡞ޢ(Beatles For Sale, 1964)ߢߪޔࡏࡉ࡮࠺ࠖ࡜ࡦߩ ᓇ㗀ߢౝ⋭⊛ߥ᱌⹖߇Ⴧ߃ߚޕ65ᐕ12᦬ߩࠕ࡞ࡃࡓޡ࡜ࡃ࡯࠰࠙࡞ޢ(Rubber Soul, 1965) ߢߪޔࠗࡦ࠼㖸ᭉߦ௑ୟߒߚ࡚ࠫ࡯ࠫ߇ࠪ࠲࡯࡞ࠍዉ౉ߒޔᐛᗐ⊛ᦛ⺞߇Ⴧ߃ߚޕߎߩ 2

૞߆ࠄޔᓐࠄ߇♖␹਎⇇߳ߣะ߆ߞߡ޿ߞߚߎߣ߇┍߃ࠆޕߘߩℂ↱ߪޔ࡚ࠫࡦ߇65ᐕ㧣

᦬ߩࠪࡦࠣ࡞ޟࡋ࡞ࡊ㧍ޠ(“Help!”, 1965)ߦ߅޿ߡࠕࠗ࠼࡞↢ᵴߩ♖␹⊛⧰∩ࠍฯ㔺ߒߡ޿

ࠆࠃ߁ߦޔޟࡆ࡯࠻࡞ࡑ࠾ࠕޠ߇␠ળ⊛ᷙੂࠍ᜗޿ߡ෼ᜪ߇ߟ߆ߕޔࡔࡦࡃ࡯߽∋ᑷߒߡ޿

ߚ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆޕߒ߆ߒޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ࠷ࠕ࡯ߪ૗߽ਇᲫߥ⚿ᨐ߫߆ࠅࠍᱷߒߚࠊߌߢߪߥߊޔ ᓐࠄߪᄌ⽩⪺ߒ߆ߞߚ60ᐕઍߩࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ␠ળߩⓨ᳇ࠍ⡼ߢᗵߓขߞߡ޿ߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕߣࠅ ࠊߌޔᗵᕈߩ᜛ᒛ߿ᗐ௝ജߩ᜛ᄢࠍ߼ߑߒߚ࠼࡜࠶ࠣ࡮ࠞ࡞࠴ࡖ࡯ޔ૕೙⊛ଔ୯ⷰ߿ᣢᚑ

᭎ᔨߩᛂ⎕ࠍ߼ߑߔࡆ࡯࠻ᢥቇ߿ࡅ࠶ࡇ࡯࡮ࠞ࡞࠴ࡖ࡯ߥߤࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ⊒ߩߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ㕟ᣂ

⊛ᢥൻ߆ࠄ↢ᚑߐࠇߚޟࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲࡯࡮ࠞ࡞࠴ࡖ࡯ޠߪޔᓐࠄߩᣰ⋓ߥᅢᄸᔃߣഃㅧജߦᄢ ߈ߥೝỗߦߥߞߚޕߘߒߡޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪ66ᐕ8᦬ߩࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ࠷ࠕ࡯ࠍᦨᓟߦ৻ಾߩ࡜ࠗ

ࡧᵴേࠍભᱛߒޔࠬ࠲ࠫࠝߢߩ࡟ࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡦࠣᵴേߦኾᔨߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅޔࠕࠗ࠼࡞߆ࠄ ࡒࡘ࡯ࠫࠪࡖࡦ߳ߣㅴൻߒߡ޿ߊޕ

61

ߐࠄߥࠆ㘧べߩళߒߪޔ࡜ࠗࡧᵴേભᱛ೨ߦ66ᐕ8᦬ߩ

ࠕ࡞ࡃࡓ

ޡ࡝ࡏ࡞ࡃ࡯ޢ(Revolver,

1966)ߦ߽⷗ࠄࠇࠆ߇ޔࡆ࡯࠴࡮ࡏ࡯ࠗ࠭ߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߚ 67 ᐕ 6᦬ߩ

ࠕ࡞ࡃࡓ

ޡࠨ࡯ࠫࠚ

ࡦ࠻࡮ࡍࡄ࡯࠭࡮ࡠࡦ࡝࡯࡮ࡂ࡯࠷࡮ࠢ࡜ࡉ࡮ࡃࡦ࠼ޢ(Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band,

1967)ߪ▤ᒏᭉ࿅ߩ✬౉ޔᄙ㊀㍳㖸ޔㅒ࿁ォࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ߥߤᒰᤨߩࠬ࠲ࠫࠝߩࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ടᎿᛛ

ⴚ߇⚿㓸ߐࠇߚታ㛎⊛ߥࠦࡦ࠮ࡦࡊ࠻࡮ࠕ࡞ࡃࡓߢ޽ࠅޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩ㓸ᄢᚑߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒

߃ࠆޕࠫࡖࠤ࠶࠻ߪޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࡐ࠶ࡊ࡮ࠕ࡯࠻ޠߩઍ⴫ᩰࡇ࡯࠲࡯࡮ࡉ࡟ࠗࠢ(Peter Blake, 1932-)߇ᜂᒰߒߚޕߘߎߦ෼㍳ߐࠇߚࠨࠗࠤ࠺࡝࠶ࠢ࡮ࠨ࠙ࡦ࠼ߪ߹ߐߦࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ⊒

ߩޟࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲࡯࡮ࠞ࡞࠴ࡖ࡯ޠߩ⚿᥏ൻߢ޽ࠅޔᤨઍ♖␹߿࡜ࠗࡈࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞߇෻ᤋߐࠇߡ

޿ࠆὐ߆ࠄޔ␠ળᕈࠍᏪ߮ߡ⇣ᓀࠍ᡼ߞߡ޿ࠆޕᓐࠄߩ㖸ᭉߪ⏕ታߦࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ⧯⠪ߩ㕟

๮ᗧ⼂ߣㅪേߒޔ౒㡆ߒวߞߡ޿ߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕ67ᐕ6 ᦬ߩⴡᤊ᡼ㅍߦࠃࠆผ਄ೋߩో਎⇇

↢ਛ⛮࠹࡟ࡆ⇟⚵ޟࠕࡢ࡮ࡢ࡯࡞࠼ޠ(Our World)ߢޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߪ60ᐕઍߩࠕࡦ࠮ࡓߣߥ ߞߚหᐕ7᦬ߩࠪࡦࠣ࡞ޟᗲߎߘߪߔߴߡޠ(“All You Need Is Love”, 1967)ࠍṶᄼߒߡޟᗲߣ ᐔ๺ޠ(Love & Peace)ࠍᮡ᭙ߒޔޟࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲࡯࡮ࠞ࡞࠴ࡖ࡯ޠߩ⽎ᓽ⊛ሽ࿷ߣߥߞߚޕ3ం5 ජਁੱߩⷞ⡬⠪ߪ㓉⋓ࠍᭂ߼ߚ⧯⠪ᢥൻߩ␠ળ⊛ᓇ㗀ജࠍ⋡᠄ߒޔᱧผߩ⸽ੱߣߥߞߚޕ

࠺ࡆࡘ࡯ᒰᤨߪන⚐ߥ࡜ࡉ࠰ࡦࠣ߇ᄙ߆ߞߚᓐࠄ߇⷗ߖߚ⍮ⷡ⊛࡮ᕁ⚝⊛࡮᡽ᴦ⊛ᷓൻߪޔ ࡠ࠶ࠢߩㅴൻߩ゠〔ߘߩ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅޔห਎ઍ߿ᓟ਎ߩ⧯⠪ߚߜߦਈ߃ߚᓇ㗀ߪ⸘ࠅ⍮ࠇߥ

޿ޕ

㧝㧜㧚ᣂ↢ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩళ୥

ᚢᓟߩ಄ᚢਅߩ࿖㓙␠ળߦ߅޿ߡᏢ࿖ਥ⟵ߩ⚳Ὣߣ޿߁⃻ታࠍ⋥ⷞߢ߈ߥ޿ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߪޔ 62ᐕߦޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࡂ࡝࡯࡮S࡮࠻࡞࡯ࡑࡦ(Harry S. Truman, 1884-1972)᡽ᮭߩ࿖ോ㐳ቭߢ

޽ߞߚ࠺ࠖ࡯ࡦ࡮ࠕ࠴࠰ࡦ(Dean Acheson, 1893-1971)ߦ“Great Britain has lost an Empire and has not yet found a role.” (qtd. in Marwick, Britain 416) ߣ⸒ࠊࠇࠆ߹ߢߦ಑⪭ߒߡ޿ߚޕ58ᐕߦߪ

࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄ⚻ᷣ౒ห૕(ECC)߇⊒⿷ߔࠆ߇ޔࠦࡕࡦ࠙ࠚ࡞ࠬߣߩߟߥ߇ࠅࠍ㊀ⷞߔࠆࠗࠡ࡝

ࠬߪߘߩേะߦขࠅᱷߐࠇߚޕ࿖ౝߢߪ⾏ᤃਇᝄޔࠗࡦࡈ࡟ޔࡐࡦ࠼ਅ⪭ޔᄬᬺޔࠬ࠻࡜

ࠗࠠ㗫⊒ߥߤ໧㗴߇ጊⓍߒߡ޿ߚޕ

ߘߩࠃ߁ߥᤨઍ⢛᥊ߦ߅޿ߡޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩᚑഞߪᣂ↢ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩళ୥ࠍ੍⷗ߒߡ޿ߚޕ 63 ᐕߦ⊒ⷡߒߚ 20 ਎♿ᦨᄢߩࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ᡽⇇ࠬࠠࡖࡦ࠳࡞ޟࡊࡠࡈࡘ࡯ࡕ੐ઙޠ(Profumo

Affair)^㧤ߣޟࡆ࡯࠻࡞ࡑ࠾ࠕޠ߇⴫⽎ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦޔޟࠬ࠙ࠖࡦࠡࡦ࡮ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦޠߪࠛࠬ࠲ࡉ࡝

࠶ࠪࡘࡔࡦ࠻ߩ⣣ᢌߣ⧯⠪ᢥൻߩบ㗡ࠍౕ⃻ൻߒߚ⃻⽎ߢ޽ߞߚ(Bailey and Evans 5)ޕ᡽ᴦ ኅ߿਄ᵹ㓏⚖ߩᴚ⪭ߩ৻ᣇߢޔޟࡆ࡯࠻࡞ࡑ࠾ࠕޠߩ಴⃻ߪഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩ␠ળᢥൻ⊛ㅴ಴ࠍ

⽎ᓽߒߡ޿ߚޕߘࠇߪਛ↥㓏⚖ਥዉߩᢥൻ⊛ⷓᮭࠍ⣕᭴▽ߒߚߛߌߢߥߊޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞᢥൻ ߩ৻ᣇ⊛ߥᶖ⾌⠪ߦㆊ߉ߥ߆ߞߚࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ߇⁛⥄ߩ⧯⠪ᢥൻࠍ↢↥ߒޔ਎⇇ߦ⊒ାߒᆎ߼

ߚ⍍㑆ߛߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕߘߩᄌൻࠍ᣿␜ߔࠆᢥൻ⊛ᜰᮡ߇ޔޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚࠗ

࡚ࠫࡦޠࠍᏎ߈⿠ߎߒߚർㇱࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩഭ௛⠪㓏⚖಴りߩࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߢ޽ߞߚޕ

ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩ␠ળ⊛ᄌൻߪޔ64 ᐕߦ଻቞ౄࠍ⎕ࠅޔࡂࡠ࡞࠼࡮࠙ࠖ࡞࠰ࡦ₸޿ࠆഭ௛ౄ᡽

ᮭ߇⺀↢ߒߚߎߣߦ߽⴫ࠇߡ޿ࠆޕ63 ᐕߦ࠙ࠖ࡞࠰ࡦߪṶ⺑ߢ᦭ฬߥޟ⑼ቇᛛⴚ㕟ᣂߩ⊕

ᾲޠ(“the white heat of the technological revolution”)ࠍឝߍޔ࠰ㅪࠍ‧೙ߒߟߟޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߣߒ ߡ࿖ജࠍ਄ߍࠆᔅⷐࠍਥᒛߒߚޕ

62

in all our plans for the future, we are re-defining and we are re-stating our Socialism in terms of the scientific revolution. But that revolution cannot become a reality unless we are prepared to make far-reaching changes in economic and social attitudes which permeate our whole system of society. The Britain that is going to be forged in the white heat of this revolution will be no place for restrictive practices or for outdated methods on either side of industry. (H. Wilson 27)

߹ߚޔㆬ᜼ㆇേਛߩ࠙ࠖ࡞࠰ࡦߪࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߣ߽੤ᵹࠍ࿑ࠅޔ⧯⠪ᢥൻߦℂ⸃ߣ౒ᗵࠍ␜

ߒߚޕߐࠄߦޔ65 ᐕߦ࠙ࠖ࡞࠰ࡦ᡽ᮭߪᄖ⽻₪ᓧߦ⽸₂ߒߚߣ޿߁ഞ❣߆ࠄޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭

ߦޟᄢ⧷Ꮲ࿖╙ 5 ⚖ൟ┨ޠࠍคൟߔࠆߎߣߢޔᏁᅱߦ᡽ᴦ೑↪ߒߚߣ߽⸒߃ࠆޕߎ߁ߒߡ ഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߛߌߢߥߊޔਛ↥㓏⚖ߩᡰᜬ߽㓸߼ߚᣂ᡽ᮭߪޔ㓏⚖␠ળ߆ࠄߩ⣕ළߣ⢻ജਥ

⟵⊛ߥ␠ળߩታ⃻ࠍශ⽎ߠߌߚޕߘߒߡޔ69ᐕߦ18ᱦએ਄ߩ↵ᅚߦㆬ᜼ᮭࠍਈ߃ߚߎߣ߽ޔ

⧯⠪ߩ᡽ᴦ⊛ᗧ⼂ࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆᄢ߈ߥេഥߣߥߞߚޕࠕ࡯ࠨ࡯࡮ࡑ࡯࠙ࠖ࠶ࠢߪ64ᐕ߆ࠄ

68/69 ᐕ߹ߢࠍ 60 ᐕઍߩޟᦨ⋓ᦼޠߣߒߡ޿ࠆ߇ޔߘࠇߪ⑼ቇᛛⴚߦࠃࠆ␠ળ㕟ᣂࠍឝߍ

ߡ޿ߚ࠙ࠖ࡞࠰ࡦ᡽ᮭᤨߦ޽ߚࠅޔࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭߇ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߛߌߢߥߊޔ਎⇇೙ⷓࠍᚑߒㆀ ߍߚᤨᦼߣ৻⥌ߒߡ޿ࠆޕഭ௛ౄ᡽ᮭߩ⺀↢ߣഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩ⧷㓶ߩ⺀↢ߪޔ㓏⚖⊛Ⴚ⇇✢

ߩំࠄ߉ࠍ૕⃻ߒߡ޿ࠆ੐⽎ߢ޽ࠅޔഭ௛⠪㓏⚖ߩ᡽ᴦ⊛࡮ᢥൻ⊛べㅴߦઁߥࠄߥ޿ޕޟࡉ

࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠߦࠃߞߡޔ࡙࠾ࠝࡦ࡮ࠫࡖ࠶ࠢ߇ޟࠬ࠙ࠖࡦࠡࡦ࡮ࡠ ࡦ࠼ࡦޠߩ⽎ᓽߦߥߞߚߎߣߪޔᄢ⧷Ꮲ࿖ߩ⚳Ὣߣ⧯⠪ᢥൻߩบ㗡߇㗼⪺ߦ⃻ࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ

޿߁ᜰ៰ߪታߦᱜ㡿ࠍ኿ߡ޿ࠆ(Breward, Gilbert and Lister 20)ޕߘࠇߪ࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡝࠭ࡓߩ㜞឴

ߥߤߢߪߥߊޔᣂᤨઍߩ೔᧪ࠍ๔ߍࠆޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘࡀࠬޠߣ޿߁ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩ࠽࡚ࠪ࠽

࡞࡮ࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖߩౣ᭴▽ࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆޕ 㧝㧝㧚߻ߔ߮

એ਄ߩࠃ߁ߦޔޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߒߡ߈ߚ߇ޔ⚿⺰ࠍ 3ὐߦⷐ⚂ߒߚ޿ޕ1ὐ⋡ߪޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߦ߅ߌࠆਛ↥㓏⚖ߩᢥൻ⊛ⷓᮭࠍ⣕᭴▽ߒޔഭ௛⠪

㓏⚖ߩ␠ળᢥൻ⊛ㅴ಴ࠍଦㅴߒߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆޕ2ὐ⋡ߪޔߘߩ㖸ᭉ⊛࡞࡯࠷ߢ޽ࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ

ߩ㤥ੱ㖸ᭉࠍᧄ࿖ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦ߅޿ߡౣ⹏ଔߐߖߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆޕ3ὐ⋡ߪޔࡐࡇࡘ࡜࡯㖸ᭉߦ ߅޿ߡࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ᦛߦࠃࠆ⥄↱ߢഃㅧ⊛ߥ⥄Ꮖ⴫⃻ߣ޿߁ࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ࠍ⏕┙ߒޔࡐࡇࡘ࡜࡯

㖸ᭉࠪ࡯ࡦߦ㕟ᣂࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆޕ

ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߩࠕࠗ࠼࡞ൻߣ໡ᬺ⊛ᚑഞ߇଀⸽ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦޔࡐࡇࡘ࡜࡯㖸ᭉߩᢥൻ⃻⽎ߢ

޽ࠆޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠߪޟᢥൻߩ໡ຠൻޠߣ޿߁⾗ᧄਥ⟵⊛ᶖ⾌␠

ળߩ↥‛ߦઁߥࠄߥ޿ޕߚߛޔߘࠇએ਄ߦ㊀ⷐߥߎߣߪޔ⧷☨㑆ߩᢥൻࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡝࠯࡯ࠪ

࡚ࡦߦ߅޿ߡᢥൻฃኈ࡮ᢥൻᄌኈߣ޿߁ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ⚻ߚࠣࡠ࡯ࠞ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃߞߡޔ

ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ߇ഃㅧ⊛㕟ᣂᕈࠍ₪ᓧߒߚߣ޿߁੐ታߢ޽ࠆޕߘߎߦߪ⧷☨ᢥൻ߇ᄢ⷏ᵗࠍ㗫❥

ߦᓔ᧪ߒޔᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ว޿ޔ⋧੕⵬ቢ⊛ߦ޽ࠆ޿ߪ౒㡆࡮౒ᝄߒޔჇ᏷ࠍ➅ࠅ㄰ߔ࠻࡜ࡦ

ࠬ࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡞ߥᢥൻᮮᢿᕈࠍ⏕⹺ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕߘߒߡޔޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠗࡦࡧࠚ

࡚ࠗࠫࡦޠ߇ਛᔃ⊛ᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒߚޟࠬ࠙ࠖࡦࠡࡦ࡮ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦޠߪޔ㐽Ⴇߔࠆࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ␠

ળߦᣂߚߥޟࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘࡀࠬޠߩ⪚⧘ࠍ᠋߈ޔ࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡞࡮ࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖߩౣ᭴

63

▽ࠍታ⃻ߐߖߚޕߎ߁ߒߡޔޟࠬ࠙ࠖࡦࠡࡦ࡮ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦޠߪޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩޟࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲࡯࡮ࠞ

࡞࠴ࡖ࡯ޠߣ߽౒㡆ߒޔޟࠬ࠙ࠖࡦࠡࡦ࡮ࠪ࠶ࠢࠬ࠹ࠖ࡯࠭ޠߣ޿߁ࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ߥ᜛ᒛࠍㆀ ߍޔ60ᐕઍߩో਎⇇⊛ߥ␠ળᢥൻ⁁ᴫߩᄌ㕟߳ߣዉ޿ߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕ

㧝 ᧄ⺰ߦ߅ߌࠆࡅ࠶࠻࠴ࡖ࡯࠻ߪޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩޡࡔࡠ࠺ࠖ࡯࡮ࡔࠗࠞ࡯ޢ⹹ޔࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩ ޡࡆ࡞ࡏ࡯࠼ޢ⹹ߩ⸥㍳ߣߔࠆޕ

㧞 ࡠ࠶ࠢࡦࡠ࡯࡞ߩᱧผߦߟ޿ߡߪޔ(Friedlander 1996)ޔ(Gillett 1996)ࠍෳᾖޕ

㧟 ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࠪࡦࠟ࡯࠰ࡦࠣ࡜ࠗ࠲࡯ߩ࠼ࡦ࡮ࡑࠢ࡝࡯ࡦ(Don McLean, 1945-)߇ߎߩᖤ഍

ࠍ㗴᧚ߦ೙૞ߒޔ71ᐕߦ⊒⴫ߒߚࠪࡦࠣ࡞ޟࠕࡔ࡝ࠞࡦ࡮ࡄࠗޠ(“American Pie”, 1971) ߩ᱌⹖ߩ৻▵ޕ

㧠 ࡆ࡯࠻࡞࠭ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⥄વ⊛੐ታߪޔ(H. Davies 1968)ޔ(Spitz 2005)ࠍෳᾖޕ

㧡 50ᐕઍᓟඨ߆ࠄ60ᐕઍᓟඨߦ߆ߌߡࡠࡦ࠼ࡦࠍਛᔃߦ಴⃻ߒߚ↵ᕈࠨࡉࠞ࡞࠴ࡖ࡯ޕ

⹦ߒߊߪ╙6┨ߢ⸒෸ߔࠆޕ

㧢 ࡕ࠶࠭ߣหᤨᦼߦࡠࡦ࠼ࡦࠍਛᔃߦ಴⃻ߒߚᅚᕈࠨࡉࠞ࡞࠴ࡖ࡯ޕ⹦ߒߊߪ╙6┨ߢ⸒

෸ߔࠆޕ

㧣 69ᐕ11᦬ߦ࡚ࠫࡦߪޔࠗࠡ࡝ࠬ᡽ᐭߩ᡽╷ޟࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩ࠽ࠗࠫࠚ࡝ࠕ㧛ࡆࠕࡈ࡜ߢߩ

ౝᚢ߳ߩ㑐ਈޠߣޟࡌ࠻࠽ࡓᚢ੎ߦ߅ߌࠆࠕࡔ࡝ࠞ߳ߩᡰេޠߦ᛫⼏ߒޔMBEൟ┨ࠍ㄰ㆶ ߒߡ޿ࠆޕ

㧤 63ᐕޔࡂࡠ࡞࠼࡮ࡑࠢࡒ࡜ࡦ଻቞ౄ᡽ᮭߩ㒽ァ⋧࡚ࠫࡦ࡮ࡊࡠࡈࡘ࡯ࡕ(John Profumo, 1915-2006)߇ࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߩ઒ᗐᢜ࿖ߢ޽ࠆ࠰ㅪߩ㚢⧷࠰ㅪᄢ૶㙚ઃᶏァᱞቭࠛࡈࠥ࠾࡯࡮ࠗ

ࡢࡁࡈ(Yevgeny Ivanov, 1926-94)ߣ߽㑐ଥࠍᜬߞߡ޿ߚ㜞⚖ᄁᤐᇚࠢ࡝ࠬ࠹ࠖࡦ࡮ࠠ࡜࡯

(Christine Keeler, 1942-)ࠍ⾈ᤐߒߡ޿ߚ੐ታ߇⊒ⷡߒߚޕ಄ᚢਅߦ߅޿ߡ࿖ኅᯏኒࠍṳᵨ ߒߚ⇼ᖺ߆ࠄ⧯⠪ߩ਄ᵹ㓏⚖߳ߩ෻⊒߇ౣΆߒޔ଻቞ౄߪା㗬ᗵࠍᄬ޿ޔ᡽ᮭ፣უߦߟߥ ߇ߞߚޕ

64

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