6. 㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ື࠾ࡅࡿ᪥ᮏㄒࣟࢩㄒࡢ␗ྠ
6.3 ࠕᥦࠖࡢཷࡅᡭࡳࡽࢀࡿ㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ື
6.3.2 ᥦࡢ㈶ྰࢆ᫂☜♧ࡍ࠸࠺㓄៖
᪥ᮏㄒ␗࡞ࡾࠊࣟࢩㄒࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡣࠊ㏫ᥦࢆཷࡅࡿヰ⪅ࡢ㈶ྰࡀ᫂☜࡛࠶ࡿᛂ ࡢ࠺ࡀከࡗࡓ㸦᪥=45.72%; 㟢=60.12%㸧ࠋ௨ୗࠊࠕཷㅙࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࠕᣄྰࠖࡢㄯヰࢆᣲ ࡆࠊඹྠసᴗ࠾ࡅࡿࣟࢩㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿࠋ
(132)ࡣࠊヰཧຍ⪅ࡀᥦࢆ⥅ࡂ㊊ࡋ୍࡛ᮏࡢࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜࣛࣥࢆసࡾୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࢩ࣮
࡛ࣥ࠶ࡿࠋ
(132) [RF09]
241 ヰ⪅B34 Nu.. o..oni py`tayutsya, ࠓỿ㯲1.45⛊ࠔ oni ne
ZHOO WKH\ WU\ WKH\ QRW
dostayut[↑],,
UHDFK
→242 ヰ⪅C34 Da::, <da, da, prinesti[↓]>{<}.
\HV \HV \HV EULQJ
ࡑ࠺ࡑ࠺ࡑ࠺ࠊᣢࡗ࡚ࡇࡼ࠺ࠋ
243 ヰ⪅B34 <oni py`tayutsya prinesti>{>} <kameshek[↑]>{<},,
WKH\ WU\ EULQJ VWRQH
→244 ヰ⪅A34 <Da>{>}.
\HV
ࡑ࠺ࡔࡡࠋ
245 ヰ⪅C34 <Potom on prixodit>{>} i sprashivaet, chyo ‘chto’ oni
WKHQ KH FRPHV DQG DVNV ZKDW WKH\
[↑]delayut.
GR
ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᙼࡀ᮶࡚ఱࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪺ࡃࠋ
→246 ヰ⪅B34 da, chyo ‘chto’ delayut[↑], on im pomogaet
\HV ZKDW GR KH WKHP KHOSV <nesti[↑]>{<},,
EULQJ
167 247 ヰ⪅C34 <Ugu>{>}.
XKBKXK
࠺ࢇࠋ 248 ヰ⪅B34 e`::m.
KHP
ࡲ࠶ࠊᙼࡽࡀ㡹ᙇࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊᒆࡎࠊ▼ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࡇࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚ࠊ ࡑ࠺ࡔࡡࠊఱࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ [⪺࠸࡚]ࠊᣢࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡢࢆᡭఏࡗ࡚ࠊ
࠼࣮ࠋ
ࣛࣥ 241ࠊ243ࠊ246ࠊ248 ࢃࡓࡿⓎヰ࡛ࡣࠊヰ⪅B34 ࡣ͆oni py`tayutsya,ࠓỿ㯲 1.45 ⛊ࠔoni ne dostayut[Ќ], oni py`tayutsya prinesti kameshek[Ќ], ࠝ୰␎ࠞon im
pomogaet nesti[Ќ]͇㸦ࠕᙼࡽࡀ㡹ᙇࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࠊᒆࡎࠊ▼ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࡇࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚ࠊᙼࡀᣢࡗ
࡚ࡃࡿࡢࢆᡭఏࡗ࡚ࠖ㸧ࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜᒎ㛤ࡘ࠸࡚ᥦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ㏵୰࡛ࠊヰ⪅C34㸦ࣛ
ࣥ242㸧࠾ࡼࡧヰ⪅A34㸦ࣛࣥ244㸧ࡣ͆da͇㸦ࠕࡑ࠺ࡔࡡࠖ㸧ゝࡗ࡚ヰ⪅B34ࡢᥦ
ࢆཷㅙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࣛࣥ245࡛ࡣࠊヰ⪅C34ࡣࡾ㎸ࡳࠊ͆Potom on prixodit i
sprashivaet chyo oni delayut͇㸦ࠕࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᙼࡀ᮶࡚ఱࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⪺ࡃࠖ㸧ࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜ
ࡢ⥆ࡁࢆ㏙ࡿࠋࡑࢀᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡔᥦࢆ⤊࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸ヰ⪅B34ࡣࠊヰ⪅C34ࡢᥦࢆ
͆da, chyo delayut͇㸦ࠕࡑ࠺ࡔࡡࠊఱࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ [⪺࠸࡚]ࠖ㸧ཷㅙࡋࡓୖ࡛ࠊࡉࡽᥦ
ࢆ⥆ࡅࡿ㸦ࣛࣥ246㸧ࠋ
ḟࡢ(133)ࡣࠊヰ⪅A24ࡢᥦᑐࡋ࡚ヰ⪅B24ࡀࠕᣄྰࠖࡢᛂࢆ♧ࡍㄯヰ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
(133) [RM04]
235 ヰ⪅A24 To est` oni, naverno, dumayut tipa “xa,
LQBRWKHUBZRUGV WKH\ SUREDEO\ WKLQN NLQGBRI KDK
shhas ‘sejchas’ my` zaberyomsya”.
QRZ ZH FOLPE
ࡘࡲࡾࠊᙼࡽࡣࠕ࠺ࠊࡿࡼࠖ⪃࠼ࡓࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ 236 ࠓỿ㯲1.06⛊ࠔ
Ѝ237 ヰ⪅B24 Ne::t, ne “shhas ‘sejchas’ my` zaberyomsya”, a tipa
QR QRW QRZ ZH FOLPE EXW NLQGBRI
168
“sejchas my` podvinem ka::men`”,,
QRZ ZH PRYH VWRQH
࠸ࡸࠊࠕࡿࡼࠖࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠕ▼ࢆືࡍࡼࠖࠋ
ࣛࣥ235࡛ࡣࠊヰ⪅A24ࡣ࢟ࣕࣛࢡࢱ࣮ࡀヰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢭࣜࣇ͆my` zaberyomsya͇㸦ࠕ⚾
ࡓࡕࡀࡿࠖ㸧ࢆᥦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ1.06⛊ࡢỿ㯲ࡢᚋヰ⪅B24ࡣ͆Ne::t, ne “shhas
my` zaberyomsya͇͇㸦ࠕ࠸ࡸࠊ͆⚾ࡓࡕࡀࡿ͇ࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠖ㸧ྰᐃ⾲⌧ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ᫂♧ⓗ
ヰ⪅A24 ࡢᥦࢆᣄྰࡍࡿ㸦ࣛࣥ237㸧ࠋ
୍᪉ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡣྰᐃ⾲⌧ࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡎࠊࠕᣄྰࠖࡣ㛫᥋ⓗ♧ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡀከ
ࡗࡓࠋ
(134) [JF12]
311 ヰ⪅B17 ࡛::, ࡇࢀྲྀࢁ࠺ᛮࡗࡓࡅ͆ᣢ࡚࡞࠸ࢇࡔ͇ࡗ࡚ゝࡗ࡚,
͆ྲྀࡗ࡚࠶ࡆࡿࡼ͇ࡗ࡚ࡺࡗࡓࡅ, ྲྀࢀ࡞࠸ࡽ, 㐠ࡧ⾜ࡗ࡚::,, 312 ヰ⪅A17 ࡚.
313 ヰ⪅B17 ͆ࢇ::͇ࡗ࡚ゝࡗࡓ<➗࠸࡞ࡀࡽ>ࡅ, 2ேࡔࡑࢀ࡛ྲྀࢀࡲࡋࡓ[Ќ]..
࡞[Ў]?.
Ѝ314 ヰ⪅A17 ࡇࡇ㹙࣮࢝ࢻ2࣮࢝ࢻ1㹛, ࡞ࢇ, ᛴ㣕ࢇࡔࡼࡡ.
315 ヰ⪅B17 ☜.
ࣛࣥ311ࠊ313 ࡢⓎヰ࡛ࡣࠊヰ⪅B17 ࡣࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜᒎ㛤ࡘ࠸࡚ᥦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ
ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊヰ⪅A17ࡣࠕࡇࡇ, ࡞ࢇ, ᛴ㣕ࢇࡔࡼࡡࠖ㸦ࣛࣥ314㸧ၥ㢟Ⅼࢆᣦࡋࠊ 㛫᥋ⓗᥦࢆᣄྰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
(135)=(96) [JM04]
300 ヰ⪅B04 ࢇ::, ࡣࡇࡗ..㐠࡞ࡃ࡚::,, 301 ヰ⪅A04 㐠࡞ࡃ࡚[Ќ].
302 ヰ⪅B04 ࠸ࡽࡘ࠸࡚::.
303 ࠓỿ㯲3.63⛊ࠔ
Ѝ304 ヰ⪅A04 [ᜥࢆ྾࠺㡢] ࡛, ࡲࡓᒾࢇࡇࢁᡠࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ.
305 ヰ⪅B04 [ᜥࢆ྾࠺㡢] ࢇ::<➗࠸>, ࠶ࡗ, ࡑࡗ, ࠾ࡋ࠸[Ў].
169
ࣛࣥ304࡛ࡣࠊヰ⪅A04ࡣ3.63⛊ࡢỿ㯲ࡢᚋࠕࡲࡓᒾࢇࡇࢁᡠࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠖヰ
⪅B04ࡀᥦࡋࡓᒎ㛤ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ▩┪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆᣦࡋࠊ㛫᥋ⓗヰ⪅B04ࡢᥦࢆ
ᣄྰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(134)ࠊ(135)ࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡢሙྜ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊᥦ⪅ࡀࠕ☜ࠖ㸦(134), ࣛࣥ
315㸧ࠊࠕ࠶ࡗ, ࡑࡗ, ࠾ࡋ࠸ࠖ㸦(135), ࣛࣥ305㸧ᥦࡀᣄྰࡉࢀࡓࡇࢆㄆ㆑ࡋ
࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ࡣࠕᣄྰࠖࡢᛂࢆྰᐃ⾲⌧࡞ࡼࡗ࡚᫂♧ⓗ⾲⌧ࡋ࡞࠸࠸
࠺㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡀከࡃࡳࡽࢀࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒẚ࡚ࣟࢩㄒࡣࠊ᫂♧ⓗᣄྰࢆ♧ࡍྰᐃ⾲⌧
ࡢ⏝ࡀከ࠸ࡀࠊࡑࢀࢆࡽࡆࡿࠕぢࡏࡅࡢྠពࠖ࠸࠺㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋ
(136) [RF06]
336 ヰ⪅B31 <On im pomogaet, oni>{>} dostayut yabloko.
KH WKHP KHOSV WKH\ JHW DSSOH
ᙼࡀᡭఏࡗ࡚࠶ࡆ࡚ࠊᙼࡽࡀࡾࢇࡈࢆྲྀࡿࠋ
Ѝ337 ヰ⪅C31 [ᜥࢆ㣧ࡴ㡢] Naverno, nu mne vsyo <nravitsya, no>{<},,
SUREDEO\ ZHOO PH DOO OLNH EXW 338 ヰ⪅A31 <Ya..yajcza>{>}.
HJJV
༸ࡓࡕࠋ
Ѝ339 ヰ⪅C31 zdes`, naverno, vsyo ne tak <➗࠸>.
KHUH SUREDEO\ DOO QRW VR
ࡁࡗࠊࡲ࠶ࠊ㠃ⓑ࠸ࡣᛮ࠺ࡅࠊࡁࡗࠊ㒊㐪࠺ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࣛࣥ336࡛ࡣࠊヰ⪅B31ࡣ͆On im pomogaet, oni dostayut yabloko͇㸦ࠕᙼࡀᡭఏࡗ
࡚࠶ࡆ࡚ࠊᙼࡽࡀࡾࢇࡈࢆྲྀࡿࠖ㸧ࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜᒎ㛤ࡘ࠸࡚ᥦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࣛࣥ337࡛ࡣࠊヰ⪅C31ࡣ͆mne vsyo nravitsya͇㸦ࠕ㠃ⓑ࠸ᛮ࠺ࠖ㸧ࠕぢࡏࡅࡢྠ
ពࠖࢆࡋ࡚ࡽࠊ͆naverno, vsyo ne tak͇㸦ࠕࡁࡗ㒊ࡇ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖ㸧᫂♧ⓗ࡞ྰᐃ⾲
⌧ࡼࡗ࡚ᥦࢆᣄྰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
(137) [RF07]
134 ヰ⪅B32 <A.. podozhdite>{>}, a mozhet by`t`,,
DQG ZDLW DQG PD\EH
170 135 ヰ⪅A32 Ugu.
XKBKXK
࠺ࢇࠋ
136 ヰ⪅B32 vot syuda [࣮࢝ࢻ7ࡢᚋ] vot e`tu [࣮࢝ࢻ12] vot, chto
KHUH KHUH KHUH WKLV KHUH WKDW
on tozhe py`taetsya e`tot kamen podnyat`?.
KH WRR WULHV WKLV VWRQH OLIW
ࡕࡻࡗᚅࡗ࡚ࠊᙼࡶ▼ࢆᣢࡕୖࡆࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛ࠊ ࡇࢀ [࣮࢝ࢻ12] ࢆࡇࡇ [࣮࢝ࢻ7ࡢᚋ] ධࢀࡓࡽ࠸࠸ࢇࡌࡷ࡞࠸㸽 137 ࠓỿ㯲1.52⛊ࠔ
138 ヰ⪅A32 A pochemu?=.
EXW ZK\
࡞ࡐ㸽
Ѝ139 ヰ⪅A32 =Net, ya ponimayu, da, prosto smotri, poluchaetsya,
QR , XQGHUVWDQG \HV MXVW ORRN WXUQVBRXW
chto nelogichno=.
WKDW QRWBORJLFDOO\
࠸ࡸࠊࡑ࠺ࡔࡡࠊศࡿࡅࠊࡓࡔㄽ⌮ⓗࡌࡷ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ 140 ヰ⪅A32 =Pochemu on py`taetsya sdelat` bez nix?.
ZK\ KH WULHV GR ZLWKRXW WKHP
࡞ࡐᙼࡀᙼࡽ࡞ࡋ࡛ࡸࢁ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࠋ 141 ヰ⪅A32 Vot e`to stranno nemnogo.
KHUH WKLV RGGO\ DBOLWWOH
ࡇࢀࡣࡕࡻࡗ࠾ࡋ࠸ࠋ
ࣛࣥ134ࠊ136ࢃࡓࡿⓎヰ࡛ࡣࠊヰ⪅ B32ࡣ⤮࣮࢝ࢻࡢ㡰␒࠾ࡼࡧࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜᒎ㛤
ࡘ࠸࡚ᥦࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࣛࣥ139࡛ࡣヰ⪅A32ࡣ͆ya ponimayu, da͇㸦ࠕࡑ
࠺ࡔࡡࠊศࡿࠖ㸧ࠕぢࡏࡅࡢྠពࠖࡼࡗ࡚ḟࡃࡿ᫂♧ⓗ࡞ᣄྰ͆nelogichno͇㸦ࠕㄽ
⌮ⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖ㸧ࡼࡿ㈇ᢸᗘࢆ㍍ῶࡋࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ୖグࡢ㉁ⓗศᯒࡽศࡿࡼ࠺ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ␗࡞ࡾࣟࢩㄒ࡛ࡣࠊసᴗࡀࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࠊ
┦ᡭࡢᥦ㈶ᡂ࡛࠶ࡿᑐ࡛࠶ࡿࢆ᫂☜ࡋࡘࡘࠊඹྠసᴗྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔ
171
ࡋࠊࠕᣄྰࠖࡢሙྜࡣ᫂♧ⓗ࡞ྰᐃ⾲⌧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡘࡘࡶࠊ┦ᡭ༠ຊ㛵ಀࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ ࠕᣄྰࠖࡼࡿ㈇ᢸᗘࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿ㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡋ࡚ࠕぢࡏࡅࡢྠពࠖࢆ♧ࡍࡇࡶࡳࡽ
ࢀࡓࠋ
6.4 ➨6❶ࡢࡲࡵ
ᮏ❶࡛ࡣࠊヰ⪅᭰ࠊᥦ࠾ࡼࡧᥦࡢᛂ࠾ࡅࡿ㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡓࠋ
ࡲࡎࠊࠕ⌧ᅾࡢヰࡋᡭࡀḟࡢヰࡋᡭࢆ㑅ᢥࠖࡍࡿⓎヰࡢෆᐜ╔┠ࡋࡓࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ
≉ᚩⓗࡳࡽࢀࡓࡢࡣࠊࠕពぢせồࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࠕྠពせồ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡣࣟࢩㄒẚ
࡚ࠊࠕ⌧ᅾࡢヰࡋᡭࡀḟࡢヰࡋᡭࢆ㑅ᢥࠖࡍࡿ㝿ࠊ┦ᡭពぢ࠾ࡼࡧྠពࢆồࡵࡿࡇ
ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣟࢩㄒࡣࠊࠕ⿵㊊ㄝ᫂ࡢせồࠖࡀ≉ᚩⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋㄯヰ࡛♧ࡋࡓࡼ
࠺ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡶࣟࢩㄒࡶࠊ⿵㊊ㄝ᫂ࢆồࡵࡽࢀࡓヰ⪅ࡀ⟅࠼ᅔࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏㄒ ࡢヰࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢヰࡋᡭࡀ≉ᐃࡢ┦ᡭࢱ࣮ࣥࢆΏࡍ㝿ࠕ⿵㊊ㄝ᫂ࡢせồࠖࢆࡍ
ࡿࡇࡀ㠀ᖖᑡ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠊពぢ࠾ࡼࡧྠពࢆồࡵࡘࡘࠊ┦ᡭⓎヰᶒ
ࢆ࠼ࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࡢཧຍ⪅ࡽᨭᣢࢆᚓࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡇࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࣇ࢛࣮ࣟ
ࢵࣉ࣭ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢᅇ⟅ࡶ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠕ3ேࡢヰࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࠖࢆ
⪃࠼ࠊヰཧຍ⪅࡛ࢱ࣮ࣥࡀᆒ➼࠸ࡃࡼ࠺㓄៖ࡍࡿࡇࡀศࡿࠋ
୍᪉ࠊᮏ◊✲࠾ࡅࡿࣟࢩㄒࡢヰࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡣࠊ┦ᡭࡗ࡚㈇ᢸ࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿࠕ⿵㊊ㄝ
᫂ࡢせồࠖࡀከࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࡣࠊࣟࢩㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠊᑐே㛵ಀ࡛ࡣ┦ᡭࢆṇࡋࡃ
⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇࢆ㔜どࡋࠊඹྠసᴗࡢ㝿ㄢ㢟ゎỴࢆඃඛࡍࡿࡇࡀศࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣇ࢛࣮ࣟ
ࢵࣉ࣭ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢᅇ⟅ࡽࡶࠊࣟࢩㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠊඹྠసᴗྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ୰࡛ㄢ㢟㐩ᡂ ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࠊࠕ┦ᡭࡢᥦࡸពぢࡢෆᐜࠖࡢㄽ⌮ࢆ㏣࠺ࡇ㓄៖ࡍࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞
ࡗࡓࠋ
ḟࠊࠕ⮬ᕫ㑅ᢥࠖࡼࡿࢱ࣮ࣥྲྀࡾࡢ㝿⏕ࡌࡿⓎヰࡢ㔜࡞ࡾ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊTRP࡛ࡣ࡞
࠸⟠ᡤ࡛⏕ࡌࡿࡶࡢࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋTRP ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⟠ᡤ࠾ࡅࡿⓎヰࡢ㔜࡞ࡾࡣࠊ⮬ᕫ㑅ᢥ
⪅ࡀࡢヰཧຍ⪅ࡼࡾ᪩ࡃヰࡋጞࡵࡿ࠸࠺ࢸࢡࢽࢵࢡࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ⏕ࡌࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࢱ࣮ࣥ⛣⾜㐺ษ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⟠ᡤ࡛ヰࡋጞࡵࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢヰࡋᡭࡢⓎ
ヰᶒࢆᐖࡍࡿ⾜Ⅽ࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇࡽࠊᮏ❶࡛ࡣࠊⓎヰࡢ㔜࡞ࡾࡼࡿ㈇ᢸᗘࢆ㍍
ῶࡍࡿ㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡋ࡚ࠕゝ࠸ࡼࡳࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࠕඹྠⓎヰࠖࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋ
ࠕゝ࠸ࡼࡳࠖࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕᘏఙࠖࠊࠕࡂࢀࠖࠕࣇ࣮ࣛࡢᤄධࠖ࠸࠺3✀㢮ࢆྲྀࡾୖ
ࡆࠊ㔜࡞ࡾࡢᚋ⾜ヰ⪅㸦⮬ᕫ㑅ᢥ⪅㸧ࡀࠕ⮬ศࡢⓎヰࡢ㐍⾜ࢆ㐜ࡽࡏࡿࠖ࠸࠺ᶵ⬟ࢆ᳨ウ
172
ࡋࡓࠋㄯヰ࡛ࡳ࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺ࠊ㔜࡞ࡾࡢᚋ⾜ヰ⪅㸦⮬ᕫ㑅ᢥ⪅㸧ࡀḟࡢࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ☜ಖ࡛ࡁ
ࡿࡼ࠺ࠊࡢヰཧຍ⪅ࡼࡾඛヰࡋጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊࡑࢀྠࠊඛ⾜ヰ⪅㸦⌧ᅾ ࡢヰࡋᡭ㸧ࡢⓎヰᶒࢆᐖࡋ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠕゝ࠸ࡼࡳࠖࡼࡗ࡚⮬ศࡢⓎヰࡢ㐍⾜ࢆ㐜ࡽࡏ
࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
᪥ᮏㄒ࠾ࡅࡿࠕᘏఙࠖࡢゝ࠸ࡼࡳࡣࠊㄒࡢ᭱ᚋࡢ1ᢿ㸦ࠕࡇࢀ::ࠖ➼㸧Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࡢ
ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࣟࢩㄒࡣࠊㄒࡢ᭱ึࡢ㡢㡩㸦͆n::am͇ࠕ⚾ࡓࡕࠖ➼㸧Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊࠕࡂ
ࢀࠖࡢゝ࠸ࡼࡳࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࠊࣟࢩㄒࡶᇶᮏⓗㄒࡢ๓༙⌧ࢀࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࠕࣇ
࣮ࣛࡢᤄධ࡛ࠖࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡣࠕ࡞ࢇࠖࠊࠕࡲ࠶ࠖࠊࠕࢇ::ࠖࠊࠕ࠼::ࠖࠊࣟࢩㄒࡣ͆e`(::)͇ࠊ͆e`(::)m͇,
͆nu(::)͇࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡓࠋศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣࠕࡂࢀࠖ(50.00%)ࡢ ゝ࠸ࡼࡳࡀ᭱ࡶከࡗࡓࡢᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࣟࢩㄒࡣࠕࣇ࣮ࣛࡢᤄධࠖ(47.73%)ࡀ᭱ࡶከ࠸
࠸࠺┦㐪Ⅼࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢヰ࡛ࡣࠊ㔜࡞ࡾࡢᚋ⾜ヰ⪅㸦⮬ᕫ㑅ᢥ⪅㸧ࡣࠕඹྠⓎヰࠖࡼࡗ࡚ඛ⾜
ヰ⪅㸦⌧ᅾࡢヰࡋᡭ㸧ࢱ࣮ࣥࢆඹ᭷ࡋࠊḟࡢࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ☜ಖࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊࣟࢩࡢヰ࡛ࡣࠊ
Ⓨヰࡢ㔜࡞ࡾ࠾ࡅࡿࠕඹྠⓎヰࠖࡀ㠀ᖖᑡ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡋ࡚ࡢࠕゝ࠸ࡼࡳࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࠕඹྠⓎヰࠖࡢศᯒࡽࠊࣟࢩㄒࡣ᪥ᮏㄒ
ẚࠊ1ࡘࡢࢱ࣮ࣥ1ேࡢヰ⪅ࡀヰࡍ᪉ࡀዲࡲࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ḟࠊᥦ࠾ࡼࡧᥦᑐࡍࡿᛂࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋᥦ࡛ࡣࠊ࣊ࢵࢪࡢ⏝యࢆࡳࡿࠊ
᪥ᮏㄒࡣࣟࢩㄒࡼࡾ࣊ࢵࢪࢆྵࡴⓎヰᩥࡀከࡗࡓ㸦᪥=60.04%; 㟢=45.21%㸧ࠋ Ⓨヰࡢᙧᘧูࡳࡿࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢࠕᖹླྀᆺࠖࡢⓎヰ࡛ࡣ࣊ࢵࢪࢆྵࡴⓎヰᩥࡢ࠺ࡀከ
ࡗࡓ㸦᪥=52.40%; 㟢=38.21%㸧ࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣟࢩㄒࡣ࣊ࢵࢪࢆྵࡲ࡞࠸Ⓨヰᩥࡢ࠺ࡀከ࠸ࡇ
ࡀศࡗࡓ㸦᪥=47.60%; 㟢=61.79%㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊಶูࡢ⾲⌧ࢆࡳࡿࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛᭱
ࡶฟ⌧ᅇᩘࡀከࡗࡓࡢࡣ㢟ෆᐜࡢ┿ഇࢆᕥྑࡍࡿࠕ㏆ఝ⾲⌧ࠖࡢࠕ㹼ࡳࡓ࠸㸦࡞㸭㸧ࠖ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣟࢩㄒ࡛᭱ࡶከࡃࡳࡽࢀࡓ࣊ࢵࢪࡣࠕಖㆤ⾲⌧ࠖࡢ͆(mne) kazhetsya͇
㸦ࠕ㸦⚾ࡣ)㹼ࡼ࠺࡞Ẽࡀࡍࡿࠖ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊࠕᖹླྀᆺࠖࡢⓎヰ࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣ ᥦࡢ㢟⮬యࢆ᭕ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ᥦࡢ㈇ᢸᗘࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡇࡀከ࠸ࠋࡑࢀᑐ ࡋ࡚ࠊࣟࢩㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠊᥦࡢෆᐜࡣ࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶヰࡋᡭࡢほⓗ࡞ぢゎ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ♧
ࡍࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠕᥦࠖࡢ㈇ᢸᗘࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡇࡀከ࠸ࠋ
ࠕၥᆺࠖࡢⓎヰ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊయࡢഴྥ␗࡞ࡾࠊࣟࢩㄒࡣ᪥ᮏㄒࡼࡾ࣊ࢵࢪࢆྵࡴ
Ⓨヰᩥࡀከࡗࡓ㸦᪥㸻69.55㸣; 㟢㸻91.67㸣㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࠊࣟࢩㄒࡶヰࡋᡭࡢ
☜ಙࡢᗘྜ࠸ࢆ⾲ࡍࠕಖㆤ⾲⌧ࠖࡀከࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡓࠋಶูࡢ⾲⌧࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࡣࠊࠕ⮬ၥ㢼ࠖ
ࡢၥࢆ⾲ࡍࠕ㹼࡞ࠖࡢ⏝ࡀ᭱ࡶከࡗࡓࠋ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠊヰࡋᡭࡀᥦࢆ┤᥋┦
173
ᡭྥࡅ࡞࠸ࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᥦࡢ㈇ᢸᗘࢆ㍍ῶࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣟࢩㄒࡣࠊྍ⬟ᛶࢆ⾲
ࡍ͆mozhet (by`t`)͇㸦ࠕ㹼ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠖ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊᥦ⪅ࡢ☜ಙࡢᗘྜ࠸ࢆୗࡆࡿࡇࡼ
ࡗ࡚ࠊࠕᥦࠖࡼࡿ㈇ᢸᗘࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡇࡀከࡗࡓࠋ
ࠕ௧ᆺࠖࡢⓎヰ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࠊࣟࢩㄒࡶࠊᥦ⪅ࡀ⛬ᗘࡢపࡉࢆ⾲ࡍࠕ㏆
ఝ⾲⌧ࠖࢆ⏝࠸ᥦࡢ㈇ᢸᗘࢆ㍍ῶࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
᭱ᚋࠊᥦࡢ㈶ྰࢆ᫂☜♧ࡍࠕཷㅙࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࠕᣄྰࠖࠊࡲࡓᥦࡢ㈶ྰࢆ᫂☜
♧ࡉ࡞࠸ࠕ⿵㊊ࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࠕಖ␃ࠖ࠾ࡅࡿ㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡓࠋ
ᥦࡢ㈶ྰࢆ᫂☜ࡍࡿࠊពぢࡀ␗࡞ࡿヰཧຍ⪅ᑐ❧ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀ
࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣ㈶ྰࢆ᫂☜♧ࡍࡇࢆ㑊ࡅࠊࠕ⿵㊊ࠖࡢᛂࡼࡗ࡚
ᥦ⪅ᑐࡋ࡚㛵ᚰ࠾ࡼࡧ⌮ゎࢆ♧ࡍࡇࡀከࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࠕಖ␃ࠖࡼࡗ࡚ࠕᣄྰࠖࢆ
㑊ࡅࡿࡇࡶࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᥦ⪅㈶ྰࡢ㏉⟅ࢆồࡵࡽࢀࠊࠕᣄྰࠖࢆ♧ࡍሙྜࡣࠊ
᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣᥦࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࢆᣦࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㛫᥋ⓗᥦࢆࠕᣄྰࠖࡍࡿࡇ
ࡀከࡗࡓࠋ
୍᪉ࠊࣟࢩㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠊసᴗࡀࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࠊඛ⾜ࡢᥦᑐࡋ࡚㈶ྰࢆ᫂☜♧ࡋ ࡓୖ࡛ࠊ⮬ศࡢᥦ➼ࢆ㏙ࡿࡇࡀከࡗࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࠕᣄྰࠖ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ᫂♧ⓗ࡞⾲⌧
ࡼࡗ࡚ຍࡉࢀࡿ㈇ᢸᗘࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࠕࡳࡏࡅࡢྠពࠖ࠸࠺㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡀ⾜
ࢃࢀࡓࠋ
174 7㸬࠾ࢃࡾ
ᮏ❶࡛ࡣࠊᮏ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ⥲ྜⓗࡲࡵࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊ7.1࡛ࡣ᪥ᮏㄒࣟࢩㄒࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ
ࡽぢฟࡉࢀࡓࠕㄢ㢟ゎỴྥࡅࡓඹྠసᴗࠖࡢάືࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆグ㏙ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ7.2
࡛ࡣᮏ◊✲ࡢ㈉⊩࠾ࡼࡧᒎᮃࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿࠋ
7.1 యࡢࡲࡵ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊㄢ㢟ゎỴྥࡅࡓ୕⪅㛫ඹྠసᴗ࠾ࡅࡿ᪥ᮏㄒ࠾ࡼࡧࣟࢩㄒࡢゝㄒ⾜
ືࢆヰ⪅᭰ࠊⓎヰ⾜Ⅽࠕᥦࠖࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡢほⅬࡽศᯒࡋࡓࠋᮏ⠇࡛ࡣࠊ1.3
࠶ࡆࡓ◊✲ㄢ㢟ᑐࡍࡿ⤖ㄽࢆ♧ࡍࠋ
௨ୗࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ࠾ࡼࡧࣟࢩㄒ࡛ඹ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡳࡽࢀࡓゝㄒ⾜ືࢆࡲࡵࠊㄢ㢟ゎỴྥࡅࡓඹ
ྠసᴗ࠾ࡅࡿ୕⪅㛫ヰࡢ≉ᚩࢆᅗ 11♧ࡍࠋ
ࡲࡎࠊヰ⪅᭰㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᮏࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ࠾ࡼࡧࣟࢩㄒ࠾ࡅࡿࢱ࣮ࣥྲྀࡾࡣ ᇶᮏⓗࠕ⮬ᕫ㑅ᢥࠖࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊసᴗࡢ┠ⓗࡣㄢ㢟ゎỴ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࠾ࡼ
ࡧ୕⪅㛫ヰ࡛⪺ࡁᡭࡀ 2 ே࠸ࡿࡇࡀ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋㄢ㢟ゎỴࡢࡓࡵࠊヰཧຍ⪅ࡀ ࠕ⮬ᕫ㑅ᢥࠖࢆࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢽࢩࢸࣈ࡛⮬ⓗᥦࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢⓎヰࢆ≉ᐃ ࡢ1ேᐄ࡚ࡎࠊඹྠసᴗ⪅ࡢ 2ேྥࡅࡿࡇࡀከ࠸ࡓࡵࠊᥦᑐᛂࡍࡿ⪅ࡣࠕ⮬ᕫ 㑅ᢥࠖࡼࡗ࡚ࢱ࣮ࣥࢆྲྀࡿࠋ≉ᐃࡢ1ேࡀḟࡢヰࡋᡭࡋ࡚㑅ᢥࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡣࠊࠕಟࢸ ࢡࢽࢵࢡࠖ㸦ࠕ୍ㄒ㉁ၥࠖࠊඛ⾜Ⓨヰࡢ୍㒊ࢆၥࣥࢺࢿ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍࡇ➼㸧࠾ࡼ
ࡧⓎヰࡢ㐃㙐࠾࠸࡚᭱ึࡢ㉁ၥࡢᛂ⟅⪅ᐄ࡚ࡽࢀࡿࠕࣇ࢛࣮ࣟࢵࣉ࣭ࢡ࢚ࢫࢳࣙࣥࠖ
ࢆྵࡴࠕ㐃㙐࠾ࡅࡿ୍⮴ࠖ࠸࠺ࢸࢡࢽࢵࢡࡀ㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
Ⓨヰ⾜Ⅽࠕᥦࠖ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊඹྠసᴗ࠾ࡅࡿㄢ㢟ࡢෆᐜࡀࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜࢆసࡾୖࡆࡿࡇ
࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࠕᥦࠖࡣࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜෆᐜࢆㄒࡿᙧ࡛࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᇶᮏⓗࠕᖹླྀᆺࠖࡢ
Ⓨヰᩥࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࢀᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⿕ᥦ⪅ࡣࠊ᫂☜㈶ྰࢆ♧ࡍࠕཷㅙࠖࠕᣄ
ྰࠖ࠸࠺ᛂࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊࠕ⿵㊊ࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࠕಖ␃ࠖ࠸࠺ᛂࢆ♧ࡍࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ඹྠసᴗ࠾ࡅࡿ㓄៖ゝㄒ⾜ືࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊⓎヰࡢෆᐜࠊⓎヰᶒࡢ㓄៖ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧⓎㄒෆ
ຠຊࡢ㓄៖ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋㄢ㢟ゎỴྥࡅ࡚సᴗࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ୰࡛ࠊ⌧ᅾࡢヰࡋᡭࡣḟࡢヰࡋᡭ
ࡋ࡚㑅ᢥࡍࡿヰཧຍ⪅సᴗ㛵ࡍࡿ☜ㄆࢆࡍࡿࠋࠕ⮬ᕫ㑅ᢥࠖࡼࡿࢱ࣮ࣥྲྀࡾࡢ㝿
㔜࡞ࡾࡀ⏕ࡌࡓሙྜࡣࠊヰࡋᡭࡀゝ࠸ࡼࡳࡼࡗ࡚⮬ศࡢⓎヰࡢ㐍⾜ࢆ㐜ࡽࡏࡓࡾࠊඛ
⾜ヰ⪅ࡢⓎヰࢆᡂࡉࡏࡿࠕඹྠⓎヰࠖࡼࡗ࡚┦ᡭࢱ࣮ࣥࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿ࠸࠺ゝㄒ⾜ື࡛
175
ඛ⾜ヰ⪅ࡢⓎヰᶒ㓄៖ࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊࠕᥦࠖࢆ⾜࠺㝿ࠊᥦ⪅ࡣⓎㄒෆຠຊࡢ㓄៖
ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣊ࢵࢪࢆ⏝࠸ࠕᥦࠖࡼࡿ㈇ᢸࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿࠋ
ᮏࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࣟࢩㄒ࡛ୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞ඹ㏻ᛶࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㡯 ᅗ 11 ㄢ㢟ゎỴྥࡅࡓ୕⪅㛫ඹྠసᴗ࠾ࡅࡿゝㄒ⾜ື
㸦᪥ᮏㄒࣟࢩㄒ࠾ࡅࡿඹ㏻Ⅼࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ㸧 ᥦ⪅: ࢫࢺ࣮࣮ࣜෆᐜࢆㄒࡿ
ᙧ࡛ࠕᖹླྀᆺࠖࡢⓎヰ
ࡼࡗ࡚ᥦࡍࡿ
⿕ᥦ⪅㸸㈶ྰࢆ᫂☜♧ࡍ (ࠕཷㅙ/ᣄྰࠖ)ࠊ
᫂☜♧ࡉ࡞࠸
(ࠕ⿵㊊/ಖ␃ࠖ)
࣭Ⓨヰࡢࠕ㐃㙐࠾ࡅࡿ୍⮴ࠖ
ࡼࡗ࡚ḟࡢヰࡋᡭࢆ
㠀᫂♧ⓗᣦྡ
࣭ࠕ⮬ᕫ㑅ᢥࠖࡼࡿࢱ࣮ࣥ
ྲྀࡾ
TRP࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⟠ᡤ࡛Ⓨヰࡢ 㔜࡞ࡾࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ
Ⓨㄒෆຠຊࡢ㓄៖:
࣊ࢵࢪࡼࡗ࡚㈇ᢸࢆ㍍ῶ
㓄
៖ ゝ ㄒ⾜
ື
ヰ⪅᭰ࡢ᪉ἲ
Ⓨヰ⾜Ⅽ
ㄢ㢟ゎỴ ྥࡅࡓ
ඹྠసᴗ ࠾ࡅࡿ ୕⪅㛫ヰ
࣭Ⓨヰࡢෆᐜࡢ㓄៖:
సᴗ࠾ࡅࡿ☜ㄆ
࣭Ⓨヰᶒࡢ㓄៖:
Ⓨヰࡢ㐍⾜ࢆ㐜ࡽࡏࡿࠕゝ࠸ࡼࡳࠖ
ࠕඹྠⓎヰࠖࡼࡿࢱ࣮ࣥࡢඹ᭷
176
┠࠾ࡅࡿලయⓗ࡞ゝㄒ⾜ືࡣ␗࡞ࡿࠋ┦㐪Ⅼ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᅗ 11ྠᵝࡢࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝
࠸ࠊ7.1.1࡛ࡣ᪥ᮏㄒࠊ7.1.2࡛ࡣࣟࢩㄒࡢゝㄒ⾜ືࡢ≉ᚩࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿࠋ