ࢻࢶࡢ་⒪ಖ㝤ไᗘࡢ≉ᚩࡣᬑ㐢ⓗ࡛ໟᣓⓗ࡞་⒪⤥ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ」ᩘࡢ ಖ㝤⪅ࢆ⮬⏤㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾಖ㝤⪅ࡣ➇தⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡶ≉ᚩᣲࡆࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡿࠋࢻࢶ࠾ࡅࡿ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡣබⓗ౪⤥ࡉࢀࡿἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࠊ⚾ⓗ౪⤥ࡉࢀࡿẸ㛫
་⒪ಖ㝤ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢಖ㝤ࡢཎ⌮ཎ๎ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ࡲࡵࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤㸦Statutory Health Insurance; SHI㸧 ἲⓗ࡞せㄳࡼࡗ࡚ᥦ౪ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
ཎ⌮࣭ཎ๎
㐃ᖏཎ⌮㸦Solidarity Principle㸧 ⌧≀⤥㸦Benefit as Kind㸧
ᚲせᛂࡌࡓ⤥㸦Benefit as Necessary㸧 ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢᇶ㔠ࡣ㠀Ⴀ࡞බⓗᶵ㛵
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
⿵
⿵ຓ㔠⥲㢠 62.4 62.6 63.5 65.0 64.6 65.9 ෆヂ
㐃㑥⿵ຓ 38.1 38.2 38.7 39.9 39.6 40.0
㏣ຍⓗ㐃㑥⿵ຓ 17.9 18.2 18.7 19.1 19.2 20.1
䛭䛾⿵ຓ 6.4 6.2 6.1 6.0 5.8 5.8
ἲᐃᖺ㔠ไᗘ䛾⥲ᨭฟ 237.1 240.4 245.8 249.2 251.1 256.2 26.3% 26.0% 25.8% 26.1% 25.7% 25.7%
ἲᐃᖺ㔠ไᗘ䜈䛾䛭䛾䛾ᨭᡶ䛔
a) ಖ㝤ᩱ 12.6 12.5 12.5 12.6 13.2 12.7
ෆヂ
୧ぶಖ㝤 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.6 11.6 11.6
㞀ᐖಖ㝤 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.1
ἲᐃᖺ㔠ไᗘ䛾⥲ᨭฟ 237.1 240.4 245.8 249.2 251.1 256.2
31.6% 31.2% 30.9% 31.1% 31.0% 30.7%
b) 㑏㔠 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.0
ྜィ 78.2 78.2 79.2 80.6 81.0 81.6 ἲᐃᖺ㔠ไᗘ䛾⥲ᨭฟ䛻༨䜑䜛⿵ຓ䛾ྜ
ἲᐃᖺ㔠ไᗘ䛾⥲ᨭฟ䛻༨䜑䜛⿵ຓ䛸䛾ಖ㝤䛛䜙䛾
ධ䛾ྜ
- 35 - Ẹ㛫་⒪ಖ㝤
⚾ⓗ࡞ዎ⣙ࡼࡗ࡚ᥦ౪ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ཎ๎࣭ཎ๎
➼౯ཎ⌮㸦Equivalence Principle㸧
㈝⏝ൾ㑏ཎ⌮㸦Cost Reimbursement Principle㸧 ዎ⣙ᛂࡌࡓ⤥㸦Benefit as Contract㸧 Ẹ㛫ࡢ་⒪ಖ㝤♫ࡼࡗ࡚ᥦ౪
ࢻࢶࡢሙྜࠊ᪥ᮏࡣ␗࡞ࡾ࡚ࡢேࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶබⓗ་⒪ಖ㝤ຍධࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ
ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡸᡤᚓࡀ㧗࠸⿕㞠⏝⪅࡞ࡣබⓗ࡞ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ຍධࡏࡎẸ 㛫ࡢ་⒪ಖ㝤ຍධࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢ㛵ಀࢆᅗ8ࡲࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊ ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᙉไຍධ࡞ࡿࡢࡣࠊ᭶㢠4,237 ࣮ࣘࣟ௨ୗࡢධࡢ⿕㞠⏝⪅ࡸᖺ㔠ཷ⤥
⪅࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢேࠎࡣࠊᅜࡢᥦ౪ࡍࡿἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡀᙉไ㐺⏝࡞ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊἲᐃ
་⒪ಖ㝤ࡀᙉไ㐺⏝࡞ࡿࡢࡣᏛ⏕ᢇ㣴ᐙ᪘࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ┤㏆࠾ࡅࡿἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤 ࡢຍධ⪅ࡣ⣙6500ே࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ᭶㢠4,237࣮ࣘࣟ௨ୖࡢධࡀ࠶ࡿ⿕㞠⏝⪅
ࡸᖺ㔠ཷ⤥⪅ࡣἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ຍධࡍࡿࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣẸ㛫ࡢ་⒪ಖ㝤ຍධࡍࡿࡢ㑅ᢥ ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅බົဨࡶἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤Ẹ㛫ࡢ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢ㑅ᢥࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ
ࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᭶㢠 4,237 ࣮ࣘࣟ௨ୖࡢධࡢ࠶ࡿ⿕㞠⏝⪅ࠊᖺ㔠ཷ⤥⪅ࠊࡉࡽ⮬
Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡸබົဨࡢ୰࡛ࠊἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࢆ㑅ᢥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ┤㏆ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡣ⣙500ே
࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ୰࡛Ẹ㛫་⒪ಖ㝤ࢆ㑅ᢥࡋຍධࡋ࡚࠸ࡿேࡣ⣙
1000ேࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᅗ
8 ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࠊẸ㛫་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢຍධ⪅ฟᡤ㸸ࢻࢶಖ┬㈨ᩱ
᭶㢠 4,237 ࣮ࣘࣟ௨ୗࡢධࡢ⿕㞠⏝⪅
ࡸᖺ㔠ཷ⤥⪅ࠋᏛ⏕ࠊᢇ㣴ᐙ᪘ࠋ
᭶㢠4,237࣮ࣘࣟ௨ୖࡢධࡢ⿕㞠⏝⪅ࡸᖺ 㔠ཷ⤥⪅ࠋ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࠊබົဨࠋ
ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᙉไຍධ
ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤
௵ពຍධ Ẹ㛫་⒪ಖ㝤௵ពຍධ
ᙉไ 㑅ᢥ 㑅ᢥ
⣙6500ே ⣙500ே ⣙1000ே
- 36 -
2-7 ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤
ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊヲࡋࡃࡳࡿࡇࡍࡿࠋࢻࢶ࠾ࡅࡿἲᐃ་⒪ಖ 㝤ࡣ⌧ᅾࠊ146ࡢἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᇶ㔠㸦Statutory Health Insurance Funds: SHI-Funds㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
ேࠎࡣࡑࡢ146 ࡢἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᇶ㔠ࢆ⮬⏤㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋSHI-Funds ࡣ➇தⓗ
࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ2009ᖺࡽࡣ࡚ࡢSHI-Fundsࡀཎ๎ⓗྠࡌಖ㝤ᩱ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊࡶ
ࡋ୍ࡘࡢ SHI-Fund ࡿ㈝⏝ࡀධࢆୖᅇࡿሙྜࡣ㏣ຍⓗ࡞ಖ㝤ᩱࢆㄢࡍࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ2009ᖺࡽࣇࣥࢻຍධ⪅ࡈࡢࣜࢫࢡ㛵ࡍࡿࣜࢫࢡㄪᩚࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡼ
࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢಖ㝤ᩱࡣ15.5㸣࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ7.3㸣ࢆᴗࡀ8.2㸣ࢆປാ
⪅ࡀᨭᡶ࠺ࡇ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ᭶ࡀ3,825 ࣮ࣘࣟࢆ㉸࠼ࡿࠊࡑࢀ௨ୖࡣಖ㝤
ᩱࡣࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ2012ᖺࡢ㈈※ࢆࡳࡿࠊ1720൨࣮ࣘࣟࡀಖ㝤
ᩱࠊ140 ൨࣮ࣘࣟࡀ⛯⿵ຓ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㈈※ࡢከࡃࡣಖ㝤ᩱධ࡛㈥ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿゝ࠼ࡿࠋ࡞
࠾ࠊಶࠎࡢἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᇶ㔠ࡣ㏣ຍⓗ࡞ಖ㝤ᩱࢆᚩࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ㏣
ຍⓗᚩࡉࢀࡿಖ㝤ᩱࡣࠊ⿕ಖ㝤⪅ࡢಖ㝤ᩱࡢࡳ࡛ࣇࢼࣥࢫࡉࢀࠊࡲࡓᡤᚓẚ࡛
ࡣᚩࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㏣ຍⓗ࡞ಖ㝤ᩱࡀಶࠎேࡢධࡢ 2㸣௨ୖ࡞ࡿሙྜࡣࠊࡑࡢಶ
ேࡣ♫ⓗ⿵ൾࡢᶒࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋ
ᅗ9ࡣἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤㛵ࡍࡿ㈈※ࡢὶࢀࢆࡲࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊຍධ⪅ࡢಖ㝤ᩱධ
ᴗ㈇ᢸࠊࡑࢀ㐃㑥ᨻᗓࡽࡢ⛯⿵ຓࡀ୍᪦ࠊ୰ኸ་⒪ᇶ㔠㸦Central Health Fund㸧
㞟ࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ㞟ࡵࡽࢀࡓ㈈※ࡣࠊ༢ྛἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᇶ㔠ࡀᚩࡋࡓಖ㝤ᩱ࡞ࢆࡑࡢ
ࡲࡲἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᇶ㔠ศ㓄ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᇶ㔠ࡢ㛫ࡢຍධ⪅
ࡢࣜࢫࢡ㛵ࡋ࡚ㄪᩚࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᚋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀศ㓄ࡉࢀࡿࠋྛἲᐃ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡣຍධ⪅
ᑐࡋ་⒪㈝ࡢ㑏ࢆ⾜࠺ࡀࠊ௬୰ኸ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡽ㓄ศࡉࢀࡓ㈈※ࡀຍධ⪅ࡢ་⒪㈝ᨭ ฟࢆୖᅇࡗࡓሙྜࡣࠊࡑࡢవ㒊ศࡣຍධ⪅ᡶ࠸ᡠࡉࢀࡿࡢࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㏫
ຍධ⪅ࡢ་⒪㈝ࡀ୰ኸ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡽࡢ㈈※ࢆୖᅇࡿሙྜࡣࠊἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᇶ㔠ࡣ㏣ຍⓗ࡞
་⒪㈝ࢆຍධ⪅ࡽᚩࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋ
- 37 -
ᅗ
9 ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢ㈈※ࡢὶࢀฟᡤ㸸ࢻࢶಖ┬㈨ᩱ
⾲16ࡣἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢ 2012ᖺ2013 ᖺࡢ㈈※ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢண ࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋබ
ⓗ་⒪ᇶ㔠㸦National Health Fund㸧ࡢ2013ᖺࡢ⥲ධࡣ1938൨࣮ࣘࣟࡢணᐃ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑ ࡢ࠺ࡕࡢ1772൨࣮ࣘࣟࡀಖ㝤ᩱධࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⛯⿵ຓࡣ119൨࣮࡛ࣘࣟ࠶ࡿࠋබ
ⓗ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡣ୰ኸ་⒪ᇶ㔠㸦Central Health Fund㸧ࡶࡤࢀࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ୰ኸ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡽ
ྛ㔠ᗜ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᇶ㔠㸧ࡢࣜࢫࢡࡼࡿ㈈※ㄪᩚࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ࠶ࠊ㈈
※ࡀ⛣㌿ࡉࢀࡿࠋ㈈※ࡢ⛣㌿㢠ࡣ2013ᖺ࡛1902൨࣮ࣘࣟࡢணᐃ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡀྛ㔠 ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ຍධ⪅
ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ᇶ㔠
୰ኸ་⒪ᇶ㔠
୰ኸᨻᗓ ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ຍධ⪅ࡢಖ㝤ᩱ 㞠⏝ࡢ㈇ᢸ
⛯⿵ຓ ᡤᚓẚⓗ㈇ᢸ ᡤᚓẚⓗ㈇ᢸ
ࣜࢫࢡ㛵ࡍࡿㄪᩚ
୰ኸ་⒪ᇶ㔠
ࡽࡢ㈈※ࡀ་⒪
㈝ ࢆ ୖ ᅇ ࡿ ሙ
ྜࠊಖ㝤ᩱࡣൾ 㑏ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
ࣜࢫࢡ㛵ࡍࡿㄪ
ᩚࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ་⒪㈝
ࢆ㈥࠼࡞࠸ἲᐃ་
⒪ᇶ㔠ࡣ㏣ຍⓗ࡞
ಖ㝤ᩱࢆㄢࡍࡇ
ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
- 38 -
ᗜࡽಖ㝤ຍධ⪅ࡢ་⒪⤥ࡸ⟶⌮㈝⏝ࡢᨭฟ࠶࡚ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ2012 ᖺࡽ 2013 ᖺࡅ࡚ࡢ་⒪⤥⟶⌮㈝⏝ࡢᨭฟࡢఙࡧ⋡ࡣ 4.7㸣ணࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2011 ᖺࡽ
2012ᖺࡅ࡚ࡢఙࡧ⋡ࡶ 3.5㸣࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢻࢶ࠾ࡅࡿ་⒪㛵ࡍࡿ㈝⏝ࡢఙࡧࡣప࠸
ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇࡀศࡿࠋ
⾲
16 ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢ┤㏆ࡢ㈈※ண2012 2013
10൨࣮ࣘࣟ
ಖ㝤ᩱ 172.2 177.2
⛯⿵ຓ 13.8 11.9 බⓗ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡢ⥲ධ 188.7 193.8
බⓗ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡽ㔠ᗜࡢ⛣㌿ 185.4 190.2
་⒪⤥⟶⌮㈝⏝ࡢᨭฟ 181.6 190.2
๓ᖺኚ⋡㸦㸣㸧 3.5 4.7
㔠ᗜࡢవ/㊊ 3.9 -
㔠ᗜࡢ✚❧㔠 13.5 13.5
බⓗ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡢవ/✚❧ 3.2 1.6 බⓗ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡢ✚❧㔠 12.7 14.3
ฟᡤ㸸ࢻࢶಖ┬㈨ᩱ
2-8 ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢᨭฟᵓ㐀ࡸᨵ㠉
2011ᖺࡢἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢᨭฟᵓ㐀ࡘ࠸࡚♧ࡋࡓࡢࡀᅗ 10࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊᨭฟࡢ୰࡛
᭱ࡶከࡃࢆ༨ࡵࡿࡢࡀධ㝔⒪㈝࡛యࡢ 35.53㸣ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋḟࡁ࠸ࡢࡀ⸆㈝
࡛17.18㸣ࠊࡑࡢḟࡁ࠸ࡢࡀእ᮶⒪㈝࡛16.37㸣࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࢆྜィࡍࡿ
69.08㸣యࡢ⣙7ࢆ༨ࡵࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢ3㡯┠௨እ࡛ྜࡀࡸࡸࡁ࠸ࡢࡣ
ಖ㝤⤥ࡢ5.05㸣ṑ⛉⒪ࡢ5.02㸣࡛࠶ࡿࠋ๓⪅ࡢಖ㝤⤥ࡣࠊ⒪⾜Ⅽ➼㛵ࡍ
ࡿ་⒪㈝࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊẼࡢⅭാࡃࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ᮇ㛫ᨭᡶࢃࢀࡿᡤᚓಖ㞀࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ
ࢀ௨እࡢ㡯┠ࡣయࡢ⣙2⛬ᗘ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦࡞࠾ࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢ㡯┠ࡢ୰ࡣண㜵ⓗ
ᗣデ᩿ࠊࣜࣁࣅࣜ㸦1.39㸣㸧ࠊ᪩ᮇデ᩿㸦1.15㸣㸧ࠊ♫άືࠊண㜵㸦1.03㸣㸧ࠊዷፎ㸦0.62㸣㸧
࡞ࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࠋࢻࢶࡢἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢᨭฟᵓ㐀ࡢ≉ᚩࡋ࡚ࡣࠊಖ㝤⤥ࡶ
ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ୍ࡘᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡶධ㝔ࠊእ᮶ࠊ⸆㈝௨እࡶண㜵ࡸ
ࣜࣁࣅࣜࠊ᪩ᮇデ᩿➼ࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿண㜵་⒪ࡢศ㔝ࡶ✚ᴟⓗᨭฟࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿⅬࢆᣲࡆ
ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ไᗘࡢቑຍࡍࡿ་⒪㈝ࢆࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝࡋᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ไᗘࢆ☜❧ࡍࡿ
ࡓࡵࡢ㈈※㛵ࡍࡿἲࡀ2011ᖺᡂ❧ࡋࡓࠋἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢಖ㝤ᩱࡣᴗ⿕㞠⏝⪅
࡛15.5㸣ࡲ࡛ᘬࡁୖࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢỈ‽࡛ᅛᐃࡍࡿࠋ௬ᑗ᮶ࡢணࢆୖᅇࡿ་
⒪㈝ࡢቑຍࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᐃ㢠ࡢ㏣ຍⓗ་⒪㈝࡛ࣇࢼࣥࢫࡍࡿࠋἲᐃ་⒪ᇶ㔠ࡢ⮬ᚊᛶ ࡢᙉࡢⅭࠊ㈈ࡼࡿᗈ⠊࡞♫ⓗ⿵ຓࡢࢫ࣮࣒࢟ࢆᑟධࡍࡿࠋ2011ᖺᡂ❧ࡋࡓἲ
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ࡣࡇࢀࡽࢆྲྀࡾỴࡵࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ2012ᖺࡣ་⒪౪⤥యไࢆᨵၿࡍࡿἲࡀᡂ❧
ࡋࡓ㸦GKV-Versorgungsstrukturgesetz㸧ࠋࡇࡢἲࡢ㦵Ꮚࡣᆅ᪉㝔ࡸデ⒪ᡤࢆ㛤タࡍࡿ
ࣥࢭࣥࢸࣈࢆ࠼ࡿࠋ࠼ࡤࠊࡼࡾከࡃࡢ་ᖌࡢᏛᩍ⫱ࠊሗ㓘ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᨵ㠉ࡸ
ᐙᗞࡢ୧❧࠸ࡗࡓ་⒪ᚑ⪅ࡢฎ㐝ᨵၿࠊࡑࡋ࡚་⒪ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࡼࡾ➇தⓗ࡞⎔ቃᩚ
ഛ࠸ࡗࡓࡇࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡶ་⒪ᐦ᥋࡞㛵ಀࡢ࠶ࡿㆤಖ㝤ไᗘࡘ࠸࡚
ࡶ2013ᖺᨵ㠉ࡢἲᡂ❧ࡀணᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢἲࡢ㦵Ꮚࡣࠊㄆ▱ࡢேࡀࡼࡾ㐺ษ
࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆཷࡅࡽࢀࠊㆤಖ㝤ไᗘࡽࡼࡾ㧗࠸⤥ࢆཷࡅࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࠊ ಖ㝤ᩱࢆᡤᚓࡢ 2.05㸣ᘬࡁୖࡆࡿࠊẸ㛫ࡢㆤಖ㝤୍ேᙜࡓࡾᖺ㛫 60 ࣮ࣘࣟࡢ⿵ຓ
ࢆ࠼ࡿࠊㆤᑐ㇟⪅ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣒࣍⿵ຓࢆ࠼ࡿࠊ࠸ࡗࡓෆᐜࡀணᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ་⒪㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᨵ㠉ࡀᚋணᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊ⒴㛵ࡍࡿ᪩ᮇデ᩿
ࡸᅜⓗ࡞⒴㛵ࡍࡿⓏ㘓ไᗘࡢᑟධࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ⒴㛵ࡍࡿⓏ㘓ไᗘࡢᑟධࡣࠊ⒴ᝈ⪅ࡢ
㛵ࡍࡿሗࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾ⒪ࡢຠ⋡ࢆୖࡆࡿࡇࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ⪃࠼
ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᝈ⪅ࡢⅭࡢ⒪➼ࡢ㏱᫂ᛶࡢᙉ㛵ࡍࡿἲⓗᩚഛࠊண㜵ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ ᙉ࡞ࢆ┠ᣦࡍἲ࡞ࡀணᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᅗ
10 ἲᐃ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡢᨭฟᵓ㐀㸦2011ᖺ㸧
ฟᡤ㸸ࢻࢶಖ┬㈨ᩱ
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2-9 ࢻࢶࡢ♫ಖ㝤ᮍ⣡ࡸ㠀ຍධࡘ࠸࡚
ࢻࢶࡢ♫ಖ㞀ไᗘࡣ♫ಖ㝤ࡼࡾ㐠Ⴀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡀከࡃࠊᖺ㔠ಖ㝤ࠊ་⒪ಖ 㝤ࠊປാ⅏ᐖಖ㝤ࠊኻᴗಖ㝤ࠊㆤಖ㝤ࡀ♫ಖ㝤࡛㐠Ⴀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢻࢶࡣ♫ಖ㝤
ࢆタࡋࡓᅜ࠸࠺ࡇࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ♫ಖ㝤ࡢ㐠Ⴀࡣಖ㝤ᩱࢆཎ๎ࡣࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᖺ㔠ไ ᗘࡳࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺ࠊ࡞ࡽࡎࡋࡶಖ㝤ᩱࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ⛯ࡶᢞධࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢻࢶࡢᖺ 㔠ไᗘࡣ๓㏙ࡢࡼ࠺⫋ᴗࡼࡗ࡚ศ❧ࡋࡓไᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⿕㞠⏝⪅࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ⫋ᴗࡼࡗ
࡚ࡣไᗘࡢ␗࡞ࡿᖺ㔠ไᗘຍධࡋࠊࡲࡓ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅࡛ࡶ⫋ᴗ➼ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿไᗘຍධ ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋ࠼ࡤࠊ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ་ᖌࡸᘚㆤኈ࡞ࡢᑓ㛛⫋ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢᖺ 㔠ไᗘࡸ⫋ேࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢᖺ㔠ไᗘࠊⱁ⾡ᐙࠊసᐙࠊࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣜࢫࢺ➼ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢᖺ㔠 ไᗘࠊ⤒῭ⓗ⬤ᙅ࡞⫋ᴗࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢᖺ㔠ไᗘࠊࡉࡽ㎰ᴗᚑ⪅ࡢᖺ㔠ไᗘࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࢀࡽࡢ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢᖺ㔠ไᗘࡣᙉไ㐺⏝࠸࠺ᙧ࡛᪥ᮏྠࡌࡃᙉไຍධ࡞ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ ࡑࢀࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉᒓࡉ࡞࠸⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡣ᪥ᮏ␗࡞ࡾ௵ព㐺⏝࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ᖺ㔠ไᗘࡣ௵ព ຍධ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ௵ពຍධࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢ୰࡛ 78.0%ࡁ࡞㒊ศࢆ༨ࡵ
ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢ୰࡛௵ពຍධࡋᖺ㔠ಖ㝤ᩱࢆᡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊ࡞ࡾᑡ࡞࠸
ྜࡢࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ୰ࡣಶேᖺ㔠ຍධࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ࡶ࠸
ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊከࡃࡢேࡣᐇ㝿ࡢࡇࢁẸ㛫ᖺ㔠ࡸබⓗᖺ㔠ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡶຍධࡋ࡚࠸࡞
࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊࢻࢶࡢ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢ㠀ຍධ⋡ࢆ᪥ᮏࡢᅜẸᖺ㔠ᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධ⋡
ࢆྠࡌࡼ࠺ࡳ࡞ࡍࡍࢀࡤࠊࢻࢶ࠾࠸࡚ࡣᖺ㔠ไᗘࡽᢤࡅⴠࡕ࡚࠸ࡿࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ ከࡃ࠸ࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋ
୍᪉ࠊࢻࢶࡢ་⒪ಖ㝤ࡶ♫ಖ㝤᪉ᘧ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㔠ᗜࡤࢀࡿಖ㝤⪅ࡀ≉ᚩⓗ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㔠ᗜࡣ⌧ᅾࡢࡇࢁࢻࢶ࡛146࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⿕㞠⏝⪅࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅࡛
࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡢ㔠ᗜࢆ⮬⏤㑅ࢇ࡛ࡼ࠸ࡇ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ಖ㝤⪅ࢆ⮬⏤
㑅ࡿࡢࡀࡁ࡞≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢ㠀ຍධࡣᖺ㔠ไᗘྠࡌࡼ࠺㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋࢻࢶࡢሙྜࠊᖺ㔠ไᗘ࡛ࡳࡓࡼ࠺ࠊ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅࡛ࡶ་⒪ಖ㝤ไᗘ࡛ࡶ௵ពຍධࡢࢢ
࣮ࣝࣉࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡣ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢከࡃࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௵ពຍධࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࠾ࡅࡿ་⒪ಖ㝤
ࡢ㠀ຍධࡶᐇࡢࡇࢁᑡ࡞ࡽࡎ࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࢻࢶ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢࡼ࠺ࣃ࣮ࢺࢱ࣒ປാ⪅ࡸ㠀ṇつ㞠⏝⪅࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶᴗ
㈇ᢸࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᖺ㔠ࡸ་⒪ไᗘࡋ࡚ࡣ⿕㞠⏝⪅ไᗘ࡛ࡢᯟෆ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㠀ṇつ 㞠⏝ࡢቑຍࡀᖺ㔠ࡸ་⒪ࡢ㠀ຍධࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ୍᪉ࠊࢻࢶࡢᑵປே
ཱྀࡢኚࢆࡳࡿࠊᚑᴗဨ࡞ࡋࡢ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡀ㏆ᖺࠊ㢧ⴭቑຍࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢከ ࡃࡣᖺ㔠ࡸ་⒪ᑐࡋ௵ពຍධࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉヱᙜࡍࡿࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢻࢶ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ ᐇࡣබⓗᖺ㔠ࡸ་⒪ࡢ㠀ຍධࡢၥ㢟ࡀࠊ♫ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ ࡑࡢ⫼ᬒࡣᚑᴗဨ࡞ࡋࡢ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢቑຍࡀ୍ࡘࡢせᅉ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᚑᴗ ဨ࡞ࡋࡢ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡣ୍⯡ⓗᡤᚓỈ‽ࡀప࠸ࠋࢻࢶ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅࠸
࠺ࡢࡣࠊẚ㍑ⓗ⤒῭ⓗᙉ࠸ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵᖺ㔠ࡸ་⒪ࡢ௵ពຍධ࠸࠺ࡢ ࡀ⮬↛࡞⪃࠼࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡼ࠺ᛮ࠼ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ㏆ᖺࡢࢻࢶ࠾ࡅࡿ⤒῭ⓗ⬤ᙅ࡞❧ሙ ࡢ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢቑຍࡣࠊ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡣ⤒῭ⓗᙉ࠸࠸࠺ఏ⤫ⓗ࡞⪃࠼ࡀࠊࢻࢶࡢ♫ໃ
ྜࢃ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊࢻࢶ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢ㠀ຍධ
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ࡢၥ㢟ࡣᚋࡢ㔜せ࡞ᨻ⟇ⓗㄢ㢟ࡔ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᅇࡣ㛫ࡢไ⣙ࡽ࣎ࣥᡤᅾࡍࡿ
ࢻࢶ㐃㑥ィ᳨ᰝ㝔㸦BRH㸧ࢆゼၥࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊ㐃㑥ಖ┬ࡢᢸᙜ⪅
ࡽBRHࡀ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅➼ࡢ㠀ຍධࡢၥ㢟ࢆ㔜どࡋࠊㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢㄝ᫂ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊࢻࢶ࠾ࡅࡿ♫ಖ㝤ࡢᚩࡣࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡣ␗࡞ࡾᅜ⛯ᗇࡀ♫ಖ㝤
⛯ࢆ୍యⓗᚩࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡕࡽ࠸࠺᪥ᮏྠࡌࡼ࠺⛯ࡣᅜ⛯ᗇ ࡀᚩࡋ་⒪ࡸᖺ㔠࡞ࡢ♫ಖ㝤㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㔠ᗜࡀᚩࡋࠊ⛯♫ಖ㝤ࡢᚩࢆ
ูࡢ⤌⧊ࡀ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ13ࠋࢻࢶ࠾࠸࡚ࡶᅜ⛯ᗇ㔠ᗜࡢ㛫࡛ࡢᚩᴗົ㛵ࡍࡿ
ሗࡢࡸࡾࡾࡣ୍ᐃ⛬ᗘ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࢻࢶ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ
⛯♫ಖ㝤ࡢᚩࡢຠ⋡ࡣ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡸࡣࡾࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡢࡼ࠺ᅜ⛯ᗇ ࡀ♫ಖ㝤ࡶᚩࡍࡿሙྜẚࡿࠊᚩᴗົࡢຠ⋡ᛶࡣࡸࡸⴠࡕࡿࡢࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊᨭᡶ࠺ഃࡗ࡚ࡶ⛯ࡢᮍ⣡ᑐࡍࡿ࣌ࢼࣝࢸ࣮♫ಖ㝤ࡢᮍ⣡ᑐࡍࡿᐇ㉁
ⓗ࡞࣌ࢼࣝࢸ࣮ࡢࡁࡉࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠊ♫ಖ㝤ᩱࡼࡾ⛯ࡢᨭᡶ࠸ࢆඃඛࡍࡿࡶࡋࢀ
࡞࠸ࠋ
13࡞࠾ࠊ㔠ᗜࡀ࡚ࡢ♫ಖ㝤ᩱࢆ௦⌮ᚩࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ㔠ᗜࡀ୍␒᪩ࡃタ❧ࡉࢀࡓ࠸࠺Ṕྐⓗ࡞⤒⦋
ࡼࡿࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊࢻࢶ࡛ࡣ⛯㔠ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㐃㑥ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᅜ⛯ᗇࡀ࡞࠸ࡇࡽᕞࡢ⛯ົᙜᒁࡀ㐃㑥⛯ࠊ ᕞ⛯ࡶ௦⌮ᚩࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
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3 ࡲࡵ
᭱ᚋࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࢻࢶࡢ♫ಖ㝤ᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㠀ຍධ㸧ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ
ࡲࡵࡽ᪥ᮏࡢ♧၀ࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋࡲࡎࠊࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹ࡛ࣥࡣᖺ㔠ไᗘ௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿ
♫ಖ㝤ไᗘ࡛ࡢᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධࡣ⌧ᅾࡢࡇࢁ῝้࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠸࠺ࡇࢆ㏙ࡓࠋࢫ࢙࣮࢘
ࢹࣥ࠾ࡅࡿᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධࡀࡑࢀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸せᅉࡣࡘࡢせᅉࡀ࠶ࡿᛮ
ࢃࢀࡿࠋ୍ࡘࡣࠊࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡢ୧ぶಖ㝤௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿᏊ⫱࡚ᨭࡀᡭཌࡃࠊࡉࡽࢫ
࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡢබⓗᖺ㔠ไᗘࡣ⤥㈇ᢸࡢ㛵ಀࡀ᫂☜࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධ㝗ࡾࡸ
ࡍ࠸ⱝᖺᒙࡗ࡚ࡶ♫ಖ㝤ᩱࢆᨭᡶ࠺ࣥࢭࣥࢸࣈࡀ㧗࠸ࡇࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡶ࠺
୍ࡘࡣࠊࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡢᅜ⛯ᗇ࠾ࡅࡿ⛯♫ಖ㝤ᩱࡢ୍యᚩࡸࠊᙉไᚩᗇ࠸࠺
ಖ㝤ᩱᚩᑐࡋᶒ㝈ࡢᙉ࠸⾜ᨻᶵ㛵ࡢᏑᅾ࠸ࡗࡓࠊ♫ಖ㝤ᩱ࠾ࡅࡿᚩഃࡢᙺ
ࡸᶒ㝈ࡢᙉࡉࡀప࠸ᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡶࠊᚩഃࡣᅜẸ
␒ྕไ࡞ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᅜẸࡢᡤᚓࡸ㈨⏘࡞ࠊ࡞ࡾࡢ⢭ᗘ࡛ሗ⟶⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚭ ᗏࡉࢀࡓᡤᚓࠊ㈨⏘࡞ࡢሗ⟶⌮ࡣࠊࡔࢀࡀࢀࡔࡅࡢಖ㝤ᩱࢆᡶ࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡈࡲ
ࡋࡀຠ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊᮍ⣡ࡸᮍຍධࢆప࠸ࡶࡢࡍࡿゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋࡉࡽࠊࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ
ࡢሙྜࡣࠊᅜẸࡀᨻᗓࢆಙ㢗ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᚩᴗົࡸᡤᚓ࣭㈨⏘࡞ࡢሗ⟶⌮ẚ㍑ⓗ༠ ຊⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᅜẸࡢᨻᗓᑐࡍࡿಙ㢗ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᚭᗏࡋࡓሗ⟶⌮ࡀྍ⬟
࡞ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊ⤖ᯝⓗ♫ಖ㝤ࡢప࠸ᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධࢆᐇ⌧࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ ୍᪉ࠊࢻࢶ࡛ࡣ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢබⓗᖺ㔠ಖ㝤ไᗘࡸබⓗ་⒪ಖ㝤ไᗘࡢ㠀ຍධࡀ㧗࠸
ྜ࡛Ꮡᅾࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽ㠀ຍධࡢ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࢆ࠺ᖺ㔠ࡸ་⒪ಖ㝤ไᗘຍධࡉࡏࡿࡀၥ㢟
࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋᖺ㔠ไᗘࡸ་⒪ಖ㝤ไᗘࡢ㠀ຍධࡢ⫼ᬒࡣࠊ⤒῭ⓗ⬤ᙅ࡞
⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢቑຍࡀ୍ࡘࡢࡁ࡞せᅉ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊࢻࢶࡶ᪥ᮏྠࡌࡃప࠸
ฟ⏕⋡ࡀᅇࡏࡎࠊᑡᏊ㧗㱋ࡀ῝้࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ㈿ㄢ᪉ᘧᇶ࡙ࡃ♫ಖ㞀ไᗘ ࡀ⏕ࡳฟࡍୡ௦㛫᱁ᕪࡀⱝᖺࡢ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢᖺ㔠ࠊ་⒪ࡢ㠀ຍධࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍ୍ࡘࡢせᅉࡔ
⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᅇࡢㄪᰝุ࡛᫂ࡋࡓࡢࡣࠊᖺ㔠ࡸ་⒪ࡢ㠀ຍධ⪅ࡢከࡃࡣ
⤒῭ⓗ⬤ᙅ࡞⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࢻࢶࡣఏ⤫ⓗ⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡣ⤒῭ⓗᙉ࠸
❧ሙ࠶ࡿ࠸࠺⪃࠼ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ㏆ᖺࡢ♫⤒῭≧ἣࡢኚࡣఏ⤫ⓗ࡞⪃࠼ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ
⤒῭ⓗ⬤ᙅ࡞⮬Ⴀᴗ⪅ࡢᛴ㏿࡞ቑຍࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓࠊ♫ࡢኚ
ࢻࢶࡢᖺ㔠ࠊ་⒪ไᗘࡀᑐᛂ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠸࠺ഃ㠃ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊࢻࢶ࠾ࡅ
ࡿ♫ಖ㝤ࡣࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡢࡼ࠺ᅜ⛯ᗇࡀ⛯୍యⓗᚩࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ⛯
ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᕞ⛯ົ⨫ࡀࠊ♫ಖ㝤㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㔠ᗜࡀᚩࡍࡿᙧ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⛯ົ⨫
㔠ᗜࡢ㛫୍࡛ᐃ⛬ᗘࡢሗࡢࡸࡾࡾࡀ࠶ࡿࡣゝ࠼ࠊᅜẸ␒ྕไ࡞ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓࠊ
ሗࡢࡼࡾຠ⋡ⓗ࡞ඹ᭷ࡣ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓࢻࢶ࠾࠸࡚ࡣᡤᚓࡸ㈨⏘
ࡢሗ⟶⌮ࡀࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥࡢࡼ࠺ᚭᗏࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᅜẸ␒ྕไࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞
⏝ࡸࠊᨻᗓࡢሗ⟶⌮࡞ᑐࡍࡿࢻࢶᅜẸࡢᢠឤࡣᙉࡃࠊ⤖ᯝⓗ♫ಖ㝤ᩱࡢ ᚩᑐࡋ࡚༠ຊⓗ࡛࡞࠸≧ἣࡀࡋࡤࡋࡤ㉳ࡇࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ≧ἣࡣ࠺࠸࠺ࠊࢻࢶࡢ≧ἣఝ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ⛯
♫ಖ㝤ᩱࡢᚩࡣᅜ⛯ᗇ᪥ᮏᖺ㔠ᶵᵓࡸᆅ᪉⮬య࠸࠺ࡼ࠺⤌⧊ࡀศࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ௬ᚩᴗົࡢ⤌⧊ࡀศࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡋ࡚ࡶࠊᅜẸ␒ྕไ࡞ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ㈨⏘ࠊᡤᚓࡢ
- 43 -
ᢕᥱࡀ⢭ᗘࡢ㧗࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ♫ಖ㝤ࡢᮍ⣡ࡸᮍຍධࡣ⌧ᅾࡼࡾࡣୗࡀࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ
ࡿࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ᪥ᮏࡢሙྜࡶᅜẸ␒ྕไࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞⏝ࡸᨻᗓࡼࡿሗ⟶⌮ࡘ࠸
࡚ࡣᅜẸࡢ㛫࡛ࡢᢠࡀ౫↛ࡋ࡚ᙉ࠸ࠋ⤖ᯝⓗࢃࡀᅜ࠾࠸࡚ࡶ♫ಖ㝤ᩱࡢᚩ
ᑐࡋ㠀༠ຊⓗ࡞≧ἣࡀࡋࡤࡋࡤ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊࢃࡀᅜ࠾ࡅࡿᑡᏊ㧗㱋ࡢᛴ
㏿࡞㐍ᒎࡼࡿⱝᖺᒙࡢ㈇ᢸቑࡸ⤒῭ⓗ⬤ᙅ࡞㠀ṇつ㞠⏝⪅ࡢቑຍࡀ♫ಖ㝤ࡢᮍ⣡࣭
ᮍຍධࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⛯♫ಖ㝤ᩱࡢ୍యᚩࡸࠊᚩᴗົ
ࢆࡼࡾຠ⋡ⓗࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿᅜẸ␒ྕไࡀᮍࡔᑟධࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡞ࡶᑡ࡞ࡽ
ࡎ♫ಖ㝤ࡢᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼࡚࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏ࠾ࡅࡿ♫
ಖ㝤ࡢᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධࡢᨵၿࡢࡓࡵࡣࠊ㠀ṇつ㞠⏝⪅ࡢཌ⏕ᖺ㔠ࡢ㐺⏝⠊ᅖᣑࡢ
ࡶࠊᅜẸ␒ྕไࢆᑟධࡋ♫ಖ㝤ࡢᚩᴗົࡢຠ⋡ࢆᅗࡿࡇࡣ᳨ウ್ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛
࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
- 44 -
࠙ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠚ
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ♫ಖ㝤ᗇ㸦2012㸧͆Social Insurance in Figures 2012͇
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥᅜ⛯ᗇ㸦2008㸧͆Tax Map Gap for Sweden㸫How was it created and how can it be used ? Report 2008: 1B͇, Swedish National Tax Agency
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥᅜ⛯ᗇ㸦2011㸧͆Taxes in Sweden 2011㸫An English Summary of Tax Statistical Yearbook of Sweden͇, Swedish Tax Agency
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥᖺ㔠ᗇ㸦2011㸧͆Orange Report: Annual Report of the Swedish Pension System͇
ᐑ㔛ᑦ୕㸦2013㸧ࠕ♫ಖ㝤ࡢᮍ⣡࣭ᮍຍධ㛵ࡍࡿཌ⏕ศᯒ㸸ࢻࣂ࣮ࢫࢭࣞࢡࢩࣙࣥࡢ どⅬࡽࡢ◊✲ࠖࠗィ᳨ᰝ◊✲࠘➨47ྕࠊ2013ᖺ3᭶
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥᖺ㔠ᗇ㈨ᩱ
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥᙉไᚩᗇ㈨ᩱ
ࢻࢶᖺ㔠ಖ㝤ᒁ㈨ᩱ
ࢻࢶಖ┬㈨ᩱ
ࢻࢶປാ♫┬㈨ᩱ
- 45 -
࠙
㘓 ㄪᰝ᪥⛬ࠚ
ᖹᡂ24ᖺ
11᭶12᪥㸦᭶㸧༗๓
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥィ᳨ᰝ㝔 㸦Riksrevisionen㸧
♫ಖ㝤ᩱࡢᚩ㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ᰝ➼ࡘ࠸࡚
Mr. Peter Rostedt, Director of International Relations Mr. Peter Af Wetterstedt, International Relations Officer Mr. Jimmy Hollen, Audit Director
11᭶12᪥㸦᭶㸧༗ᚋ
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ♫ಖ㝤ᗇ 㸦Försäkringskassa㸧 ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ࠾ࡅࡿ♫ಖ㝤ไᗘࡘ࠸࡚
Ms. Bodhi Pieris, International Relations Officer
11᭶13᪥㸦ⅆ㸧༗๓
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥᖺ㔠ᗇ 㸦Pensionsmyndigheten㸧 ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ࠾ࡅࡿᖺ㔠ไᗘࡘ࠸࡚
Mr. Arne Paulsson, Insurance Specialist Ms. Lena Larsson, International Coordinator
11᭶13᪥㸦ⅆ㸧༗ᚋ
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥᅜ⛯ᗇ 㸦Skatteverket㸧
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥ࠾ࡅࡿᅜ⛯ᗇࡼࡿ♫ಖ㝤ᩱࡢ୍ᣓᚩࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡘ࠸࡚
Mr. Kay Kojer, Tax Expert, Director of Development
11᭶14᪥㸦Ỉ㸧༗๓
ࢫ࢙࣮࢘ࢹࣥᙉไᚩᗇ 㸦Kronofogdemyndigheten㸧 ᙉไᚩᗇࡀ⾜࠺⛯♫ಖ㝤ᩱࡢᙉไᚩᴗົࡘ࠸࡚
Mr. Lars Klint, International Coordinator Mr. Philip Berg, Legal Officer
Mr. Olof Dahnell, Legal Advisor
11᭶15᪥㸦ᮌ㸧༗๓
ࢻࢶᖺ㔠ಖ㝤ᒁ㸦ᖺ㔠ಖ㝤㐃ྜ㸧 㸦Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund㸧 ࢻࢶ࠾ࡅࡿᖺ㔠ಖ㝤ᩱࡢᚩ➼ࡘ࠸࡚
Mr. Markus Sailer, Department of Research, Development and Statistics