ࡋࡀࡳࡘࡁ࣭ྠ୍ど

65

***p< .001, **p< .01 *p< .05 GFI= .97 AGFI= .93 CFI= .99 RMSEA= .05 Ȯ²(13)=19.42

㸨㸨㸨p< .001 ^㸨p< .05 .79^㸨㸨㸨

.24^㸨㸨㸨

.38^㸨㸨㸨

.29^㸨㸨㸨

.25^㸨㸨㸨

.24^㸨㸨㸨

.32^㸨㸨㸨

.15^㸨

.19^㸨

R²= .22 R²= .49

ᜏᖖⓗ࡞ぢᤞ࡚ࡽࢀ

࣭Ꮩ⊂

66

ᐃ ᛶ ࢆ ௓ ࡋ ࡚ ⾜ ື ໬ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ᦂ ࢀ ື ࡃ ឤ

᝟ ࡢ ࢺ ࣜ ࢞ ࣮ ࡜ ࡞ ࡾ 㸪 ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࢆ ௓ ࡋ ࡚ ྛ ⾜ ື ໬

࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ௬ ㄝ ࡣ ᴫ ࡡ ᨭ ᣢ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ

➨

➨ ⠇ ◊ ✲ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡍ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ᪉

␎ ࡢ ᳨ ウ

┠ ⓗ

◊ ✲ 3 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ

࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࢆ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚

࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡢ ࠿ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ㉁ ၥ ⣬ ㄪ ᰝ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ㄪ ࡭ ࡓ ࠋ ᙉ ᅛ ࡞ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡣ 㸪 ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡍ

ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࡀ 㸪 ㄆ ▱ ⾜ ື ⓗ ⌮ ㄽ ࡢ ど Ⅼ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ࡀ ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࢆ ᙉ ໬ ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ᅉ ᯝ

ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡀ ᝿ ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ࡑ ࡇ ࡛ 㸪 ◊ ✲ 3 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ Ѝ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡢ ᑐ ฎ Ѝ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ᅉ ᯝ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࢆ ᝿ ᐃ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ᳨ ド ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࠿ ࡽ ㄏ

Ⓨ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ࡣ 㸪 ኱ ࡁ ࡃ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࣭ ⾜ ື ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡟ ศ 㢮

࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࠋ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 ඛ ⾜ ◊ ✲ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 B P D ࡣ ⓑ

࠿ 㯮 ࠿ ᛮ ⪃ ࡀ ᙉ ࡃ 㸦 V e e n & A r n t z , 2 0 0 0㸧㸪 ௚ ⪅ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚

ࢿ ࢞ ࢸ ࢕ ࣈ ࡞ ホ ౯ ࢆ ࡋ ࡸ ࡍ ࠸ 㸦 A r n t z & V e e n , 2 0 0 1 ; D r a p e a u & P e r r y , 2 0 0 4㸧㸪࡜ ࠸ ࡗ ࡓ ሗ ࿌ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋࡑ ࡇ ࡛ 㸪 ࡇ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᛮ ⪃ ᵝ ᘧ ࡀ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࠿ ࡽ ὴ ⏕ ࡋ ࡚

࠸ ࡿ ࠸ ࡿ ࠿ ࡝ ࠺ ࠿ 㸪 ᳨ ウ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ⾜ ື ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪ࢫ ࢺ ࣞ ࢫ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ၥ 㢟 ゎ Ỵ ᆺ ࡢ ᑐ ฎ ࡀ ࡜ ࢀ ࡎ 㸪

⾪ ື ⓗ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ࡸ ᅇ 㑊 ࡜ ࠸ ࡗ ࡓ ᑐ ฎ ࡀ ⾜ ࢃ ࢀ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᣦ ᦬ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸦 R u s s e l l e t a l . , 2 0 0 7 ; Y o u n g e t a l . , 2 0 0 3 ఀ

⸨ ௚ ヂ 2 0 0 8 㸧ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ᑐ ே ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 ឤ ᝟ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࡸ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ⮬ ᕫ ୺ ᙇ ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࡀ ㌟ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ሙ ࡛ ࡢ ⮬ ㌟ ࡢ ឤ ᝟ ࢆ ッ ࠼ ࡓ ࡾ 㸪 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ே ᑐ ฎ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁ ࡞ ࠸ ࡜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸦 L i n e h a n , 1 9 9 3㸧ࠋ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚

67

ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡶ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ㈿ ά ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ

࡜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪 ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ே ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࢆ ౑ ⏝ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ

⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋࡑ ࡇ ࡛ 㸪◊ ✲ 3 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪⾜ ື ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ᑐ ே ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࡶ ྵ ࡵ ࡚ ᳨ ウ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ

࡞ ࠾ 㸪 ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡢ ࠕ ᑐ ฎ ࠖ ࡜ ࠕ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࠖ ࡢ ᐃ ⩏ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪ࠕ ᑐ ฎ ࠖ ࡣ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐

࠿ ࡽ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡢ ᑐ ฎ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ៏ ᛶ ⓗ ࡟

≉ ᐃ ࡢ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ⾜ ࠺ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡀ ᙉ ໬ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ

ࡶ ࡢ 㸪 ࡜ ᐃ ⩏ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ ୍ ᪉ 㸪ࠕ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࠖ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪

D S M - 5 ࡛ ᐃ ⩏ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ B P D ࡢ ⑓ ⌮ ࡜ ྜ ⮴ ࡍ ࡿ

ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ B P D ᵝ ࡢ ᚩ ೃ 㸪 ࡜ ᐃ ⩏ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ

᪉ ᪉ ἲ

1㸬 ᑐ ㇟ ⪅ ࡜ ㄪ ᰝ ᫬ ᮇ 2 0 1 0 ᖺ 1 0 ᭶ 㹼 2 0 1 1 ᖺ 6 ᭶ ࡟ 㸪 㤳 㒔 ᅪ ෆ ࡢ ኱ Ꮫ ⏕ ࢆ ᑐ ㇟ ࡟ ㉁ ၥ ⣬ ㄪ ᰝ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ Ḟ ᦆ ್

ࢆ 㝖 እ ࡋ ࡓ ᭷ ຠ ᅇ ⟅ ⪅ ᩘ ࡣ 㸪 3 5 2 ྡ 㸦 ⏨ ᛶ 1 5 5 ྡ 㸪 ዪ ᛶ 1 8 2 ྡ 㸪 ୙ ᫂ 1 5 ྡ 㸪 ᖹ ᆒ ᖺ 㱋 2 0 . 3 6 ṓ 㸪 S D= 1 . 8 4 㸧 ࡛

࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ⢭ ⚄ ⛉ ࣭ ᚰ ⒪ ෆ ⛉ ࡟ ཷ デ ୰ 㸪 ࠶ ࡿ ࠸ ࡣ ᚰ ⌮ ἞ ⒪

ࢆ ཷ ࡅ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ⪅ ࡣ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ᥍ ࠼ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ

ᡭ ⥆ ࡁ ㅮ ⩏ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ࡢ ୍ ᩧ 㓄 ᕸ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ㉁ ၥ ⣬ ㄪ ᰝ ࢆ ᐇ

᪋ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ㄪ ᰝ ⪅ ࡀ ㉁ ၥ ⣬ ࢆ 㓄 ᕸ ࡋ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ሙ ࡛ ᅇ ཰ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ᮏ ㄪ ᰝ ࡣ ᙉ ไ ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ 㸪 ᅇ ⟅ ෆ ᐜ ࡣ ⤫ ィ ⓗ ࡟ ฎ ⌮ ࡉ

ࢀ 㸪 ಶ ே ᝟ ሗ ࡀ ₃ ὤ ࡍ ࡿ ᚰ 㓄 ࡢ ࡞ ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ ㄪ ᰝ ๓ ࡟ ᩍ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

2㸬 ㄪ ᰝ ᮦ ᩱ㸦 a㸧A B S Q 1 8 㡯 ┠ ࠋ4 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ

◊ ✲ 1 ࡛ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࣭ ጇ ᙜ ᛶ ࡣ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ㸦 b㸧 P D Q - R

ࡢ B P D 㡯 ┠ 㸦 ୖ ཎ ࡽ 㸪 1 9 9 6㸧ࠋ B P D ഴ ྥ ࢆ   ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ⏝

࠸ ࡓ ࠋࠕ ࡣ ࠸ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ࠸ ࠸ ࠼ ࠖ ࡢ 2 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ༑ ศ ࡞ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࣭ ጇ ᙜ ᛶ ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ㸦 c㸧 S D S ࡢ ⮬ ẅ 㡯 ┠ ࢆ 㝖 ࠸ ࡓ 1 9 㡯 ┠ 㸦 ⚟ ⏣ ࣭ ᑠ ᯘ 㸪 1 9 7 3㸧 ࡣ 㸪 ᢚ ࠺ ࡘ ࡢ ⛬ ᗘ ࢆ   ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࠋ 4 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ༑ ศ ࡞ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࣭ ጇ ᙜ ᛶ ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ㸦 d㸧 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ

68

⤒ 㦂 ࡢ ᭷ ↓ ࢆ ၥ ࠺ ༢ 㡯 ┠ ࡣ 㸪 ◊ ✲ ᐇ ᪋ ⪅ ࡀ ⊂ ⮬ ࡟ స ᡂ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋࠕ ࠶ ࡞ ࡓ ࡣ 㸪 ㄡ ࠿ ࠿ ࡽ ࠗ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࠘ ࡜ ᛮ ࠺ 㸪 ࠶ ࡿ

࠸ ࡣ ࠗ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࡢ ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࠸ ࠿ ࠘ ࡜ ୙ Ᏻ ࡟ ឤ ࡌ ࡓ ࡼ ࠺

࡞ ⤒ 㦂 ࡣ ࠶ ࡾ ࡲ ࡍ ࠿ 㸽 ࠶ ࡿ 㸭 ࡞ ࠸ ࡝ ࡕ ࡽ ࠿ ࡟ ۑ ࢆ ࡘ ࡅ ࡚ ࡃ ࡔ ࡉ ࠸ ࠖ ࡜ ᩍ ♧ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ࡞ ࠾ 㸪㸦 e㸧 ௨ 㝆 ࡢ ㉁ ၥ 㡯 ┠ ࡣ 㸪㸦 d㸧 ࡟ ࠕ ࠶ ࡿ ࠖ ࡜ ⟅ ࠼ ࡓ ⪅ ࡟ ࡢ ࡳ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ㸦 e 㸧 3 ḟ ඖ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡟ ࡶ ࡜ ࡙ ࡃ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ᑻ ᗘ 㸦 T r i - A x i a l C o p i n g S c a l e : T A C - 2 4㸹 ⚄ ᮧ ࣭ ᾏ ⪁ ཎ ࣭ బ

⸨ ࣭ ᡞ ࣨ ᓮ ࣭ ᆏ 㔝 㸪 1 9 9 5㸧 ࡣ 㸪 ᚰ ⌮ ⓗ ࢫ ࢺ ࣞ ࢫ ࢆ ⤒ 㦂 ࡋ ࡓ ಶ ே ࡀ 㸪 ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ࣭ ⾜ ື ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ࡜ ࡿ ഴ ྥ ࡟

࠶ ࡿ ࠿ ࢆ   ᐃ ࡍ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡢ ᑻ ᗘ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋࠕ ᝟ ሗ ཰ 㞟 ࠖ㸪ࠕ ᨺ Რ 㸪 ㅉ ࡵ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࠖ㸪ࠕ ィ ⏬ ❧ ᱌ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ᅇ 㑊 ⓗ ᛮ ⪃ ࠖ㸪ࠕ Ẽ ᬕ ࡽ ࡋ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ࢝ ࢱ ࣝ ࢩ ࢫ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ㈐ ௵ ㌿ ᎑ ࠖ ࡢ 8 ࡘ ࡢ ୗ ఩ ᑻ ᗘ 2 4 㡯 ┠ ࠿ ࡽ ᡂ ࡾ 㸪͆ 1㸬 ࡑ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ 㸦 ⪃ ࠼ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ 㸧 ࡣ ࡇ ࢀ ࡲ ࡛ ࡟ ࡞ ࠸ ࠋ ௒ ᚋ ࡶ Ỵ ࡋ ࡚ ࡞ ࠸ ࡔ ࢁ ࠺ ࠋ͇㸪͆ 2㸬 ࡈ ࡃ ࡲ ࢀ ࡟ ࡑ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ 㸦 ⪃ ࠼ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ 㸧 ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ ௒ ᚋ ࡶ ࠶ ࡲ ࡾ ࡞ ࠸ ࡔ ࢁ ࠺ ࠋ͇㸪͆ 3㸬 ఱ ᗘ ࠿ ࡑ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ

࡜㸦 ⪃ ࠼ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ 㸧ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ௒ ᚋ ࡶ ᫬ ࠎ ࡣ ࡑ ࠺ ࡍ ࡿ ࡔ ࢁ ࠺ ࠋ͇㸪

͆ 4㸬 ࡋ ࡤ ࡋ ࡤ ࡑ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ 㸦 ⪃ ࠼ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ 㸧 ࡀ ࠶

ࡿ ࠋ ௒ ᚋ ࡶ ࡓ ࡧ ࡓ ࡧ ࡑ ࠺ ࡍ ࡿ ࡔ ࢁ ࠺ ࠋ͇㸪͆ 5㸬 ࠸ ࡘ ࡶ ࡑ ࠺ ࡋ ࡚ ࡁ ࡓ 㸦 ⪃ ࠼ ࡚ ࡁ ࡓ 㸧ࠋ ௒ ᚋ ࡶ ࡑ ࠺ ࡍ ࡿ ࡔ ࢁ ࠺ ࠋ͇ ࡢ 5

௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ T A C - 2 4 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 ༑ ศ ࡞ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࣭ ጇ ᙜ ᛶ ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ ඲ ⯡ ⓗ ࡞ ࢫ ࢺ ࣞ ࢵ ࢧ ࣮ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࢆ   ᐃ ࡍ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ᗈ ࡃ ⏝ ࠸ ࡽ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ᑻ ᗘ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪 ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࢆ 㸪 ㄆ ▱

ⓗ ഃ 㠃 ࣭ ⾜ ື ⓗ ഃ 㠃 ࡜ ࡶ ࡟   ࡿ ୖ ࡛ 㸪 ᭷ ⏝ ࡞ ᣦ ᶆ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ

࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡛ ࡣ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࡢ ഴ ྥ ࢆ ㄪ ࡭ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ 㸪 ᩍ ♧ 㒊 ศ ࡢ ࠕ ⢭ ⚄ ⓗ ࡟ ࡘ ࡽ

࠸ ≧ ἣ ࡟ 㐼 㐝 ࡋ ࡓ ࡜ ࡁ ࠖ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ 㒊 ศ ࢆ 㸪ࠕ ௚ ே ࠿ ࡽ ぢ ᤞ ࡚

ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࡜ ឤ ࡌ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ≧ ἣ ࡟ 㐼 㐝 ࡋ ࡓ ࡜ ࡁ ࠖ࡜ ኚ ᭦ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

㸦 f㸧 E N D C O R E㸦 ⡆ ᫆ ∧ 㸧 6 㡯 ┠ 㸦 ⸨ ᮏ ࣭ ኱ ᆓ 㸪 2 0 0 7㸧

ࡣ 㸪 ୍ ⯡ ⓗ ࡞ ᑐ ே 㛵 ಀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࢆ   ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡢ ᑻ ᗘ 㸦 ౛ 㸪 ⮬

69

ศ ࡢ ⾪ ື ࡸ ḧ ồ ࢆ ᢚ ࠼ ࡿ 㸧 ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ͆ 1㸬 ࠿ ࡞ ࡾ ⱞ ᡭ ͇ 㹼

͆ ࠿ ࡞ ࡾ ᚓ ព ͇ ࡢ 7 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ E N D C O R E ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 ༑ ศ ࡞ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࣭ ጇ ᙜ ᛶ ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ ᮏ

◊ ✲ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ࡢ ᑐ ே 㛵 ಀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࢆ  

ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ 㸪 ᩍ ♧ ᩥ ࢆ ୍ 㒊 ኚ ᭦ ࡋ 㸪ࠕ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࡜ ឤ ࡌ ࡓ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ᑐ ே 㛵 ಀ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ᑐ ฎ ࡍ ࡿ ࠿ ࠖ

࡜ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ㸦 g㸧 D B T ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ᪥ ᮏ ㄒ ∧ ࣐ ࢖ ࣥ ࢻ ࣇ ࣝ ࢿ ࢫ ᑻ ᗘ ࡢ ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ᑐ ே ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ 㸦 e f f e c t i v e i n t e r p e r s o n a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n : D B T - C㸧 5 㡯 ┠ 㸦 ᩧ ⸨ ࣭ Ᏺ ㇂ 㸪 2 0 0 9㸧 ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࠋ B P D ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ἞ ⒪ ࡢ ຠ ᯝ ࡀ ᐇ ド ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ D B T ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪௓ ධ ࡢ ↔ Ⅼ ࡜ ࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᑐ ே 㛵 ಀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࢆ   ᐃ ࡍ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡢ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡛

࠶ ࡿ ࠋࠕ ௚ ே ࡢ ព ぢ ࡜ ẚ ࡭ ࡚ ࡋ ࡲ ࠸ 㸪 ⮬ ศ ࡢ ព ぢ ࢆ ୺ ᙇ ࡍ

ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ⮬ ಙ ࡀ ࡞ ࠸ ࠖ ࡞ ࡝ 㸪 ୺ ࡟ ⮬ ᕫ ୺ ᙇ ࡢ ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࢆ  

ࡿ ෆ ᐜ ࠿ ࡽ ᵓ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠾ ࡾ 㸪͆ 1㸬 ࠸ ࡘ ࡶ ࡑ ࠺ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ

㹼 ͆ 5㸬 ࠸ ࡘ ࡶ 㐪 ࠺ ͇ ࡢ 5 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ D B T - C

࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 ༑ ศ ࡞ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ 㸪

D B T - C 5 㡯 ┠ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡜ D B T ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࣭ ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ

ᑻ ᗘ ࡸ ࣑ ࣟ ࣥ ⮫ ᗋ ከ ㍈ ┠ 㘓 㸫 ϩ ࡢ ቃ ⏺ ᛶ ࢫ ࢣ ࣮ ࣝ ࡢ ᪥ ᮏ ㄒ ▷ ⦰ ∧ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡜ ࡢ ᭷ ព ࡞ 㛵 㐃 ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ࡞ ࠾ 㸪 ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࠖ ࡣ ඲ 㡯 ┠ ࡀ ㏫ ㌿ 㡯 ┠ ࡛

࠶ ࡿ ࠋ

㸬 ೔ ⌮ ⓗ 㓄 ៖ ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡣ 㸪 ᪩ ✄ ⏣ ኱ Ꮫ ࠕ ே ࢆ ᑐ ㇟ ࡜ ࡍ

ࡿ ◊ ✲ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ೔ ⌮ ጤ ဨ ఍ ࠖ ࡢ ᢎ ㄆ ࢆ ᚓ ࡚ ᐇ ᪋ ࡋ ࡓ (ᢎ ㄆ ␒ ྕ 㸸 2 0 1 0 - 2 1 0 )ࠋ

⤖ ᯝ ࡜ ⪃ ᐹ

ྛ ᑻ ᗘ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡢ ᖹ ᆒ ್ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ᶆ ‽ ೫ ᕪ ࢆ T a b l e 6 - 3 ࡟

♧ ࡍ ࠋ

70

M SD M SD M SD

ABSQ

䚷䚷All 36.39 8.17 39.83 8.16 34.70 7.73

䚷䚷F1 ^{13.04 3.89 15.04 3.94 12.04 3.47}

䚷䚷F2 ^{16.82 4.26 17.5 4.30 16.51 4.27}

䚷䚷F3 ^{6.53 1.83 7.30 1.89 6.15 1.70}

PDQ-R 3.72 2.35 4.65 2.52 3.23 2.10

SDS 40.45 7.8 42.82 8.58 39.16 6.97

ABSQ= the Abandonment Schema Questionnaire

F1㸻ᜏᖖⓗ࡞ぢᤞ࡚ࡽࢀ࣭Ꮩ⊂ SDS=the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale

F2㸻ぶᐦ࡞㛵ಀ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࡋࡀࡳࡘࡁ࣭ྠ୍ど PDQ-R=the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised F3㸻௚⪅࠿ࡽࡢዲព࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࠶ࡁࡽࡵ

Table6-3 ABSQ, PDQ-R, SDS䛾ᖹᆒ್䛸ᶆ‽೫ᕪ

඲䛶 ぢᤞ䛶䜙䜜⤒㦂䛒䜚 (n =107) ぢᤞ䛶䜙䜜⤒㦂䛺䛧(n =237)

㸬 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ⤒ 㦂 ࡢ ᭷ ↓ ㄪ ᰝ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ⤒ 㦂 ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࡜ ⟅ ࠼ ࡓ ⪅ ࡣ 1 0 7 ྡ 㸪 ࡞ ࡋ ࡜ ⟅ ࠼ ࡓ ⪅ ࡣ 2 3 7 ྡ

࡛ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ኱ Ꮫ ⏕ ࡢ ⣙ 3 ๭ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ⤒ 㦂

ࢆ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ

ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ⤒ 㦂 ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ⪅ ࡜ ࡞ ࠸ ⪅ ࡜ ࡛ 㸪 A B S Q

࠾ ࡼ ࡧ P D Q - R ᚓ Ⅼ ࡢ ᕪ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠿ ࡝ ࠺ ࠿ ㄪ ࡭ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ 㸪 t

᳨ ᐃ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪 A B S Q ྜ ィ ᚓ Ⅼ 㸪 P D Q - R ᚓ Ⅼ

࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡜ ࡶ ࡟ ᭷ ព ᕪ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ୧ ᑻ ᗘ ࡜ ࡶ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚

ࡽ ࢀ ⤒ 㦂 ࠕ ࠶ ࡾ ࠖ ࡜ ⟅ ࠼ ࡓ ⪅ ࡢ ᪉ ࡀ 㸪 ᭷ ព ࡟ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ 㧗 ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ 㸦 A B S Q : t㸦 3 4 2㸧 = 5 . 6 0 , p < . 0 0 1 ; P D Q - R : t㸦 3 4 2㸧

= 5 . 4 5 , p < . 0 0 1 㸧ࠋࡉ ࡽ ࡟ 㸪P D Q - R ᚓ Ⅼ ࡢ ᖹ ᆒ ್ ࢆ ᇶ ‽ ࡟ 㸪 4 Ⅼ ௨ ୖ ࢆ B P D ഴ ྥ 㧗 ⩌ 㸦 P D Q - R ᚓ Ⅼ ᖹ ᆒ ್ 5 . 6 5 ,

S D= 1 . 6 5㸧㸪 3 Ⅼ ᮍ ‶ ࢆ B P D ഴ ྥ ప ⩌ 㸦 P D Q - R ᚓ Ⅼ ᖹ ᆒ

್ 1 . 7 6 , S D= 1 . 0 5㸧 ࡟ ศ ࡅ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡢ ⤒ 㦂 ࡟ ᕪ

ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠿ ࡝ ࠺ ࠿ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪Ȯ ^㸰 ᳨ ᐃ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋࡑ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪

P D Q - R ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ 㧗 ࠸ ⩌ ࡢ ᪉ ࡀ 㸪 ప ࠸ ⩌ ࡼ ࡾ ࡶ ᭷ ព ࡟ ぢ ᤞ

࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࢆ ከ ࡃ ⤒ 㦂 ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ 㸦 Ȯ ^㸰 㸦 1㸧 㸻 1 7 . 2 1㸪 p< . 0 0 1㸧ࠋ ࡇ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ ࡀ 㧗 ࠸ ⪅ ࡢ

71

᪉ ࡀ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࢆ ከ ࡃ ⤒ 㦂 ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ

㸬 ᛶ ᕪ A B S Q ྜ ィ ᚓ Ⅼ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ P D Q - R ᚓ Ⅼ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ᛶ ᕪ ࢆ ㄪ ࡭ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ t ᳨ ᐃ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪 ୧ ᑻ ᗘ

࡜ ࡶ 㸪ᛶ ᕪ ࡣ ᭷ ព ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ㸦 A B S Q :⏨ ᛶ ᖹ ᆒ ್ 3 6 . 4 1 , ዪ ᛶ ᖹ ᆒ ್ 3 5 . 4 4 , t㸦 3 3 3㸧 = . 8 7 , n . s . ; P D Q - R : ⏨ ᛶ ᖹ ᆒ ್ 3 . 8 0 , ዪ ᛶ ᖹ ᆒ ್ 3 . 5 7 , t㸦 3 3 3㸧= . 9 6 , n . s .㸧ࠋ

ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ◊ ✲ 3 ࡛ ࡣ ᛶ ู ࢆ ศ ࡅ ࡎ ࡟ ศ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࠺ ࡇ ࡜ ࡜ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

㸬 ┦ 㛵 ศ ᯒ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ⤒ 㦂 ࠕ ࠶ ࡾ ࠖ ࡜ ⟅ ࠼ ࡓ ⪅ ࡛ 㸪 Ḟ ᦆ ್ ࢆ 㝖 እ ࡋ ࡓ 1 0 2 ྡ ࡢ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ┦ 㛵 ศ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࢆ T a b l e 6 - 4 ࡟ ♧ ࡍ ࠋ

72

DD B T -C E N D C O R E P D Q -R 䜹䝍䝹䝅䝇 ᨺᲠ䞉䛒䛝䜙 䜑 ᝟ሗ཰㞟 Ẽᬕ䜙 䛧 ᅇ㑊ⓗᛮ⪃ ⫯ᐃⓗゎ㔘 ィ⏬❧᱌ ㈐௵㌿᎑ ABSQ 䚷䚷 All .01 䚷 .34

䠆䠆䠆

-.13 -.11 -.07 䚷 -.38

䠆䠆䠆

䚷 -.26

䠆䠆

䚷 .24

䠆

䚷 -.46

䠆䠆䠆

䚷 .22

䠆

.55

䠆䠆䠆

䚷䚷 F1 䚷 -.27

䠆䠆

.27

䠆䠆

䚷 -.24

䠆䠆

䚷䚷 -.33

䠆䠆䠆

-.18 䚷 -.42

䠆䠆䠆

-.21

䠆

.19 䚷 -.46

䠆䠆䠆

.16 .51

䠆䠆䠆

䚷䚷 F2 䚷䚷 .32

䠆䠆䠆

.28

䠆䠆

.06 .16 .08 -.24

䠆

䚷 -.26

䠆䠆

䚷 .23

䠆

-.25

䠆

䚷 .22

䠆

.35

䠆䠆䠆

䚷䚷 F3 䚷䚷䚷 -.11 䚷䚷䚷䚷 .25

䠆

-.12 -.13 -.09 -.23

䠆

-.07 .11 䚷 -.44

䠆䠆䠆

.12 .52

䠆䠆䠆 䠆䠆䠆 p< .001䚷䠆䠆 p< .01 䠆 p< .05 ABSQ= the Abandonment Schema Questionnaire F1㸻ᜏᖖⓗ࡞ぢᤞ࡚ࡽࢀ࣭Ꮩ⊂DBT-C=DBT䛻䛚䛡䜛᪥ᮏㄒ∧䝬䜲䞁䝗䝣䝹䝛䝇ᑻᗘ䛂ຠᯝⓗ䛺䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛃ᅉᏊ F2㸻ぶᐦ࡞㛵ಀ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࡋࡀࡳࡘࡁ࣭ྠ୍どPDQ-R=the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised F3㸻௚⪅࠿ࡽࡢዲព࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࠶ࡁࡽࡵ

Table6-4 ABSQ 䛸 TAC- 24 䠈 DB T -C 䠈 E N DC OR E 䠈 P DQ-R 䛸䛾┦㛵ಀᩘ TT A C -2 4

TAC-24=the Tri-Axial Coping Scale

73

┦ 㛵 ศ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪 D B T - C ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡜ 㸪 A B S Q ࡢ ྛ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ 㛫 ࡟ ࡣ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ᭷ ព ࡞ ㈇ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ୍ ᪉ 㸪

E N D C O R E ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡣ 㸪 A B S Q ྜ ィ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡜ ࡣ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᙅ ࠸ ┦

㛵 ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ ࡶ ࡢ ࡢ 㸪 ప ࠸ ್ ࡛ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ 㸦 r= . 2 2 , p < . 0 5㸧ࠋ ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ 㸪 T A C - 2 4 ࡢ ྛ ୗ ఩ ᑻ ᗘ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡣ 㸪ࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭ ࠶ ࡁ ࡽ

ࡵ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࠖ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡜ A B S Q ࡢ ඲ ࡚ ࡢ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ 㛫 ࡟ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᙅ ࠸ ┦ 㛵 ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ

㸬 㔜 ᅇ ᖐ ศ ᯒ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡟ 㛵 㐃 ࡢ ࠶ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࢆ ㄪ

࡭ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ⤒ 㦂 ࠕ ࠶ ࡾ ࠖ ࡜ ⟅ ࠼ ࡓ ⪅ ࡢ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪T A C - 2 4 ࡛   ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࡢ ྛ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡜ 㸪

D B T - C ࡛   ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࠖ㸪

E N D O C O R E ࡛   ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ᑐ ே ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࢆ ⊂ ❧ ኚ ᩘ 㸪P D Q - R

ࡢ ඲ య ᚓ Ⅼ 㸪 ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ࠕ ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࠖ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ 3 㡯 ┠

࡜ ࠕ ⾜ ື ໬ ࠖ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ 5 㡯 ┠ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࢆ ᚑ ᒓ ኚ ᩘ ࡜ ࡍ ࡿ ᙉ ไ ᢞ ධ ἲ ࡢ 㔜 ᅇ ᖐ ศ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࢆ T a b l e 6 - 5

࡟ ♧ ࡍ ࠋ

74

ᚑᒓኚᩘR(R㸰 ) DDBT-CENDCORE

࢝ࢱࣝࢩࢫ ᨺᲠ࣭࠶ࡁࡽࡵ ᝟ሗ཰㞟 Ẽᬕࡽࡋ ᅇ㑊ⓗᛮ⪃ ⫯ᐃⓗゎ㔘 ィ⏬❧᱌ ㈐௵㌿᎑

PDQ-R All

50(.24 )

㸨㸨㸨

.09 .19

†

-.03 -.07 -.08 -.29

㸨㸨

-.13 .01 -.21

㸨㸨

.03

ឤ᝟୙Ᏻᐃᛶ

.42(.17 )

㸨㸨

-.00 .21

†

.06 -.03 .00 -.06 -.23

䠆

-.00 -.38

㸨㸨㸨

.06

⾜ື໬

.38(.14 )

㸨

.09

†

.05 -.07 -.02 -.06 -.12

䠆

-.02 -.01 -.21

䠆

-.12

㸨㸨㸨

p < .001,

㸨㸨

p < .01,

㸨

p < .05, ࠉ p †< .1 0

ᚑᒓኚᩘ⊂❧ኚᩘ PDQ-R=the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised DBT-C=DBT䛻䛚䛡䜛᪥ᮏㄒ∧䝬䜲䞁䝗䝣䝹䝛䝇ᑻᗘ䛂ຠᯝⓗ䛺䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛃ᅉᏊ

TAC-24=the Tri-Axial Coping Scale

Table6-5 TAC-24 㸪 DB T -C 㸪 E N DC OR E ࢆ⊂❧ኚᩘ㸪 P DQ-R ࢆᚑᒓኚᩘ࡜ࡍࡿ㔜ᅇᖐศ

⊂❧ኚᩘ (Standardized β coefficients) TTAC-24

75

㔜 ᅇ ᖐ ศ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࢆ   ᐃ ࡍ ࡿ P D Q㸫 R ࡢ

඲ య ᚓ Ⅼ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 T A C - 2 4 ࡢ ࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭ ࠶ ࡁ ࡽ ࡵ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡢ ᶆ ‽ ೫ ᅇ ᖐ ಀ ᩘ ࡀ ᭷ ព ഴ ྥ ࡛ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ 㸦 ș = . 1 9 ,

p< . 1 0㸧ࠋ ୍ ᪉ 㸪 ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ

ᚓ Ⅼ ࡜ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࢆ   ᐃ ࡍ ࡿ D B T - C ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡣ 㸪 ᭷ ព ࡞ ㈇ ࡢ ᶆ ‽ ೫ ᅇ ᖐ ಀ ᩘ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸦 㡰 ࡟ 㸪 ș = - . 2 9 , p< . 0 1 , ș = - . 2 1 , p< . 0 1㸧ࠋ P D Q - R ࡢ ࠕ ឤ ᝟ ࡢ

୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࠖ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ 㡯 ┠ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 T A C - 2 4 ࡢ ࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭

࠶ ࡁ ࡽ ࡵ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡜ ࠕ ィ ⏬ ❧ ᱌ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ 㸪 ᑐ ே ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ ᭷ ព ഴ ྥ

ࡲ ࡓ ࡣ ᭷ ព ࡞ ᶆ ‽ ೫ ᅇ ᖐ ಀ ᩘ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸦 㡰 ࡟ 㸪 ș = . 2 1 , p< . 1 0 , ș = 2 3 . , p< . 0 5 , ș = - . 3 8 , p< . 0 0 1㸧ࠋ P D Q - R ࡢ ࠕ ⾜ ື ໬ ࠖ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ 㡯 ┠ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 T A C - 2 4 ࡢ ࠕ ࢝ ࢱ

ࣝ ࢩ ࢫ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡜ ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ ᭷ ព ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ

᭷ ព ഴ ྥ ࡢ ᶆ ‽ ೫ ᅇ ᖐ ಀ ᩘ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸦 㡰 ࡟ 㸪 ș = . 0 9 , p< . 1 0 , ș = - . 1 2 , p< . 0 5 , ș = - . 2 1 , p< . 0 5㸧ࠋ

ࣃ ࢫ ゎ ᯒ

ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ≉ ᐃ ࡢ ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ᑐ ฎ ࡀ ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࢆ ᙉ ࡵ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ᅉ ᯝ ࣔ ࢹ

ࣝ ࡀ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ࡑ ࡇ ࡛ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ Ѝ ᑐ ฎ ⾜

ື 㸦 ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ྵ ࡴ 㸧 → B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ᅉ ᯝ 㛵 ಀ ࢆ

᝿ ᐃ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ࣃ ࢫ ゎ ᯒ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ᵝ ࠎ ࡞ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࢆ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ

⤖ ᯝ 㸪 ᭱ ⤊ ⓗ ࡟ F i g u r e 6 - 2 ࡢ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡀ ᥇ ᢥ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ

76 ᨺᲠ࣭࠶ࡁࡽࡵ

ຠᯝⓗ࡞ࢥ࣑ࣗ

ࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ

⫯ᐃⓗゎ㔘 ぢᤞ࡚ࡽࢀ

ࢫ࣮࣐࢟

.34^䠆䠆䠆

-.38^䠆䠆䠆

-.36^䠆䠆䠆

.27^䠆䠆 R²䠙.11

R²䠙.15

R²䠙.27 GFI= .99 AGFI= .95 CFI= 1.00

RMSEA= .00

Ȯ²䠄2䠅= 1.88 p= .39

䠆䠆䠆p< .001 ^䠆䠆p< .01

䠆p< .05 ^†p< .10

%3'ࡢᚩೃ

̺.20^䠆 .08^†

̺.20^䠆

.37^䠆䠆䠆 R²䠙.39

F i g u r e 6 - 2 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ

࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪

ࣃ ࢫ ゎ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪 A B S Q ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ 㸪 ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭ ࠶ ࡁ ࡽ ࡵ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ᭷ ព ࡞ ṇ ࡢ ࣃ ࢫ ಀ ᩘ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ 㸦 ș = . 3 4 , p < . 0 0 1㸧㸪ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࠖ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ

࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ᭷ ព ࡞ ㈇ ࡢ ࣃ ࢫ ಀ ᩘ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸦 ș = - . 3 8 , p < . 0 0 1 㸧ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 A B S Q ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡣ 㸪 ᑐ ே ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ᭷ ព ࡞

㈇ ࡢ ࣃ ࢫ ಀ ᩘ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸦 ș = - . 3 6 , p < . 0 0 1 㸧ࠋ ࡑ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡜ ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡣ P D Q - R ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ᭷ ព ࡞ ㈇ ࡢ ࣃ ࢫ ಀ ᩘ ࢆ

♧ ࡋ 㸦 ࡜ ࡶ ࡟ ș = - . 2 0 , p < . 0 5㸧㸪ࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭ ࠶ ࡁ ࡽ ࡵ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡣ P D Q - R ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ᭷ ព ഴ ྥ ࡢ ṇ ࡢ ࣃ ࢫ ಀ

ᩘ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ 㸦 ș = . 0 8 , p < . 1 0㸧ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 A B S Q ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࠿ ࡽ

P D Q - R ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡟ ┤ ᥋ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ᭷ ព ࡞ ṇ ࡢ ࣃ ࢫ ಀ ᩘ

ࡶ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ 㸦 ș = . 3 7 , p < . 0 0 1㸧ࠋ ࣃ ࢫ ゎ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ Ѝ ᑐ ฎ ⾜ ື Ѝ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ᅉ

ὀ 㸧 ᭷ ព ࡞ ࣃ ࢫ ಀ ᩘ ࡢ ࡳ グ ㍕

77

ᯝ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡣ ᴫ ࡡ ᨭ ᣢ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡇ ࡢ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ 㸪ࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭ ࠶ ࡁ ࡽ ࡵ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࡢ ୙ ㊊ ࠖ ࡜

࠸ ࡗ ࡓ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࡢ

୙ ㊊ ࠖ ࡜ ࠸ ࡗ ࡓ ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ே ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ᑐ ฎ ࡀ ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ᅉ ᯝ ࣔ ࢹ

ࣝ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ┤ ᥋ ⓗ ࡟

B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ⤒ ㊰ ࡶ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪B P D

ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡢ ᨵ ၿ ࢆ ಁ 㐍 ࡉ ࡏ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮

࣐ ࡢ ෆ ᐜ ࡑ ࡢ ࡶ ࡢ ࡢ ኚ ᐜ ࢆ ಁ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ຍ ࠼ ࡚ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ

ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡍ ࡿ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࣭ ᑐ ே ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚

ࡶ 㸪 ኚ ᐜ ࢆ ಁ ࡍ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᭷ ຠ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ

➨

➨ 4 ⠇ ᮏ ❶ ࡢ ⪃ ᐹ

ᮏ ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ㉁ ၥ ⣬ ㄪ ᰝ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ స ⏝ ᶵ ᗎ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ࣓ ࢝ ࢽ ࢬ ࣒ ࢆ ゎ ᫂ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ ┠ ⓗ ࡜ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

ࡲ ࡎ 㸪 ◊ ✲ 2 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ

࡟ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ᙳ 㡪 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ┦ 㛵 ศ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪

A B S Q ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ୙ Ᏻ 㡯 ┠ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡢ ࡳ ࡞ ࡽ ࡎ

A L S ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ 㸪 P D Q - R ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ 㸪 S C I D ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡜ ࡶ ᭷ ព ࡞ ┦

㛵 ಀ ᩘ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ

࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ୙ Ᏻ ࡔ ࡅ ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࡃ 㸪 ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ ࡸ

⾜ ື ໬ ࡞ ࡝ 㸪ᵝ ࠎ ࡞ B P D ࡢ ≉ ᚩ ࡜ ࡶ 㛵 㐃 ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᫂

ࡽ ࠿ ࡜ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ≉ ࡟ 㸪 A B S Q ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡜ A L S ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡣ 㧗 ࠸

┦ 㛵 ಀ ᩘ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ (r= . 7 3 , p< . 0 0 1 )㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ

ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡜ ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࡣ 㧗 ࠸ 㛵 㐃 ᛶ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ

♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ࣃ ࢫ ゎ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ

࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࢆ ᘬ ࡁ ㉳ ࡇ ࡋ 㸪B P D ࡟ ≉ ᚩ ⓗ ࡞

⾜ ື ໬ ࡟ ⮳ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 B P D ࡢ

୰ ᰾ ⑕ ≧ ࡜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࢆ ᨵ ၿ ࡋ 㸪 ⾜ ື ໬

ࢆ 㜵 ࡄ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡟ ௓ ධ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ

᭷ ຠ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࡜ ࠸ ࠼ ࡿ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡣ 㸪 ㄆ ▱

78

⾜ ື ⌮ ㄽ ࢆ ᨭ ᣢ ࡍ ࡿ ⤖ ᯝ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ 㸪B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡢ ᨵ ၿ ࡟ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ௓ ධ ࡢ ຠ ᯝ ࡀ ᮇ ᚅ ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ࡇ ࡜ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ

ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ◊ ✲ 2 ࡢ ┦ 㛵 ศ ᯒ ࡜ ࣃ ࢫ ゎ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ≉ ࡟

A B S Q ࡢ ࠕ ᜏ ᖖ ⓗ ࡞ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࣭ Ꮩ ⊂ ࠖ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡀ 㸪 ⾜ ື ໬

ࢆ ୰ ᚰ ࡜ ࡍ ࡿ B P D ഴ ྥ ࡟ ᙉ ࡃ 㛵 㐃 ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ 㸪 㔜 ᅇ ᖐ ศ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪 A L S ࡢ ྛ ୗ ఩ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ᙉ ࡃ 㛵 㐃 ࡍ ࡿ A B S Q ࡢ ୗ ఩ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ

࡜ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ௨ ୖ ࡢ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 A B S Q ࡢ ྛ ୗ ఩ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡟

ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ᙉ ࡃ 㛵 㐃 ࡍ ࡿ B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡸ ᙳ 㡪 ຊ ࡀ ␗ ࡞

ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࢆ ヲ

⣽ ࡟ ᳨ ウ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ ┠ ⓗ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 㛤 Ⓨ ࡋ ࡓ A B S Q ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࡛ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ 㸪 ᪂ ࡋ ࠸ ▱ ぢ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠼ ࡿ ࠋ

◊ ✲ 2 ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡣ 㸪 ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࡸ ⾜ ື ໬ ࡜ ࠸ ࡗ ࡓ B P D ࡟ ≉ ᚩ ⓗ ࡞ ⑓ ⌮ ࡢ ࢺ ࣜ ࢞

࣮ ࡜ ࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡜ ゎ 㔘 ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࠋ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟

࣮ ࣐ ࡣ B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡢ ୰ ᰾ 㒊 ศ ࡟ ఩ ⨨ ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼

ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡢ ◊ ✲ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࢆ ᳨ ウ ࡍ ࡿ 㔜 せ ᛶ ࢆ ᨭ ᣢ ࡍ ࡿ ⤖ ᯝ ࡀ ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࡜

࠸ ࠼ ࡿ ࠋ ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ 㸪 ᮏ ❶ ࡛ ᑐ ㇟ ࡜ ࡋ ࡓ ኱ Ꮫ ⏕ ࡢ B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅

࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࡶ 㸪ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࡸ ⾜ ື ໬ ࡞ ࡝ ࡢ B P D ࡢ ≉ ᚩ

ࢆ ᭷ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋB P D ࡢ ≉ ᚩ ࢆ ᭷ ࡍ ࡿ B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡣ 㸪 ᵝ ࠎ ࡞ ᶵ ⬟ ୙ ඲ ࡟ 㝗 ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᣦ ᦬ ࡉ ࢀ

࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸦 T r u l l , 1 9 9 5 ; T r u l l e t a l . , 1 9 9 7㸧㸪 ᮏ 㑥 ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࡶ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡣ ᶵ ⬟ ୙ ඲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪 ♫ ఍ ⏕ ά

࡟ ఱ ࡽ ࠿ ࡢ ᨭ 㞀 ࢆ ࡁ ࡓ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡢ ᝏ ໬ ࢆ 㜵 ࡄ ࡜

࠸ ࠺ ண 㜵 ⓗ ほ Ⅼ ࡣ 㔜 せ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᨵ ࡵ ࡚ ☜ ࠿ ࡵ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ

࡜ ࠸ ࠼ ࡿ ࠋ

◊ ✲ 3 ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 ࡲ ࡎ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࢆ ⤒ 㦂 ࡋ ࡓ

⪅ ࡣ ⤒ 㦂 ࡋ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ⪅ ࡼ ࡾ ࡶ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ 㧗 ࠸ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡢ ㄆ ▱ 㸦 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ࡜ ᛮ ࠺ ࡇ ࡜ 㸧 ࡟ 㛵 ࢃ

79

ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࢆ ♧ ၀ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ

ࡲ ࡓ 㸪 ࣃ ࢫ ゎ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭ ࠶ ࡁ ࡽ ࡵ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࡢ ୙ ㊊ ࠖ ࡜ ࠸ ࡗ ࡓ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡸ 㸪ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࡢ ୙ ㊊ ࠖ ࡜ ࠸ ࡗ ࡓ ᑐ ே ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ᑐ

ฎ ࡀ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࢆ ᙉ ໬ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋぢ

ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࠿ ࡽ ┤ ᥋ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡟ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ᙳ 㡪 ࡢ

⤒ ㊰ ࡶ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࢆ ᨵ ၿ ࡍ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ ෆ ᐜ ࡑ ࡢ ࡶ ࡢ ࢆ ኚ ᐜ ࡍ ࡿ ௚ ࡟

ࡶ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡍ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡶ ኚ ᐜ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᭷ ຠ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ 㸪 㔜 ᅇ ᖐ ศ ᯒ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࡜ ే ࡏ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭ ࠶ ࡁ ࡽ ࡵ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࡢ ୙ ㊊ ࠖ

࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪 B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡢ ୰ ࡛ ࡶ

≉ ࡟ ࠕ ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࠖ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ

ࡿ ࠋ ୍ ᪉ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࡢ ୙ ㊊ ࠖ

࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ 㸪 B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡢ ୰ ࡛ ࡶ

≉ ࡟ ࠕ ⾜ ື ໬ ࠖ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ◊

✲ 2 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ ྛ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡀ 㸪 ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࡸ ⾜ ື ໬ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿

ࡽ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ ྛ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡟ 㛵 㐃 ࡍ ࡿ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࡀ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ B P D ࡢ ᚩ

ೃ ࡀ ␗ ࡞ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ

ḟ ࡟ 㸪 ◊ ✲ 3 ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡜ 㛵 㐃 ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ⪃ ᐹ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ ᑐ ே ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡛ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ

࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࠖ ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࡣ 㸪 D B T ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ἞ ⒪ ࢱ

࣮ ࢤ ࢵ ࢺ ࡢ ࡦ ࡜ ࡘ ࡜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ⮬ ᕫ ୺ ᙇ ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࢆ   ᐃ ࡋ

࡚ ࠸ ࡿ 㸦 ᩪ ⸨ ࣭ Ᏺ ㇂ 㸪 2 0 0 9㸧ࠋ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 D B T ࡛ カ ⦎ ࡉ ࢀ

࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᑐ ே ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࢆ ㌟ ࡟ ࡘ ࡅ ࡚ 㸪 㐺 ษ ࡟ ⮬ ㌟ ࡢ ឤ

᝟ ࡸ せ ồ ࢆ ⾲ ⌧ ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ⬟ ຊ ࢆ ྥ ୖ ࡉ ࡏ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࠿ ࡽ ࡢ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ኚ ᐜ ࡋ 㸪 B P D ࡢ ᚩ

80

ೃ ࢆ ᨵ ၿ ࡉ ࡏ ࡿ ୖ ࡛ ᭷ ຠ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ

ࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭ ࠶ ࡁ ࡽ ࡵ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࡢ ୙ ㊊ ࠖ ➼ ࡢ せ ᅉ ࡣ 㸪

͆ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ͇ ࡜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡣ 㸪 ᑐ ே 㛵 ಀ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ

ࡿ ࢿ ࢞ ࢸ ࢕ ࣈ ࡞ ホ ౯ ࡸ 㸪 ⓑ ࠿ 㯮 ࠿ ᛮ ⪃ ࡀ ᙉ ࠸ ࡜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ

B P D ࡢ ㄆ ▱ ᵝ ᘧ ࡢ ඛ ⾜ ◊ ✲ ࡜ ୍ ⮴ ࡍ ࡿ ⤖ ᯝ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ 㸦 e . g . ,

A r n t z & V e e n , 2 0 0 1㸧ࠋ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ ෆ ᐜ ࡟ ↔ Ⅼ ࢆ ᙜ ࡚ ࡓ ௓ ධ ࡜ ࡜ ࡶ ࡟ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ࡢ ゎ 㔘 ࡢ ௙ ᪉ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ࡞ ゎ 㔘 ࡢ ど Ⅼ ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟

ಁ ࡍ ➼ 㸪 ⮬ ື ᛮ ⪃ ࣞ ࣋ ࣝ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ௓ ධ ࢆ ྲྀ ࡾ ධ ࢀ

ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡛ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ᩿ ࡕ ษ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ

࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ

◊ ✲ 2 ࡜ 3 ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ࣓ ࢝ ࢽ ࢬ ࣒ ࢆ ໟ ᣓ ⓗ ࡟ ᳨ ウ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ

࡜ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁ ࡓ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ

ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡣ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ୰ ᰾ ⓗ ࡞ せ ᅉ

࡜ ࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡉ ࡽ ࡟ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ≉ ᐃ ࡢ ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡀ ᙉ ໬ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ

ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡣ 㸪 ᚑ ᮶ S T ࡸ ࣃ ࣮ ࢯ ࢼ ࣜ ࢸ ࢕ 㞀 ᐖ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ㄆ ▱ ⒪ ἲ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ᣦ ᦬ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࡁ ࡓ 㸪 ㄆ ▱ ⾜ ື ⌮ ㄽ ࢆ ᨭ ᣢ ࡍ ࡿ ▱ ぢ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠼ ࡿ ࠋ

ࡋ ࡓ ࡀ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࢆ ᨵ ၿ ࡍ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚

ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ ෆ ᐜ ࡑ ࡢ ࡶ ࡢ ࡟ ௓ ධ ࡍ ࡿ ࡜ ྠ ᫬ ࡟ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ

࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ࣭ ⾜ ື ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ࢱ

࣮ ࢤ ࢵ ࢺ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ௓ ධ ࢆ ⾜ ࠺ ࡇ ࡜ ࡛ 㸪 B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡢ ᨵ ၿ ࢆ

ࡼ ࡾ ಁ 㐍 ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ

࡞ ࠾ 㸪 ◊ ✲ 3 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 B P D ⮫ ᗋ ⩌ ࡢ ἞ ⒪ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࢱ ࣮ ࢤ

ࢵ ࢺ ࡜ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᑐ ே ࢫ ࢟ ࣝ ࡀ 㸪B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡛ ࡶ

୙ ㊊ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡣ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡜

B P D ⮫ ᗋ ⩌ ࡢ 㐃 ⥆ ᛶ ࢆ ᨭ ᣢ ࡍ ࡿ ⤖ ᯝ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠼ ࡿ ࠋ

◊ ✲ 2࣭ 3 ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡢ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮

࣐ ࡟ 㛵 㐃 ࡍ ࡿ ୍ 㐃 ࡢ ≉ ᚩ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ࡼ ࡾ 㸪 B P D ഴ

81

ྥ ⪅ ࡟ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ࣓ ࢝ ࢽ ࢬ ࣒ ◊ ✲ ࡢ ᇶ ♏ ⓗ ▱ ぢ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ᭷ ┈

࡞ ♧ ၀ ࢆ ᥦ ౪ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁ ࡓ ࡜ ࠸ ࠼ ࡿ ࠋ ࡓ ࡔ ࡋ 㸪 ᮏ ❶ ࡢ ◊ ✲ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࡣ 㸪 ㉁ ၥ ⣬ ㄪ ᰝ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ 㔞 ⓗ ศ ᯒ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ࡶ ࡢ

࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ௒ ᚋ ࡣ 㸪B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ 㸪 ᐇ 㝿 ࡟ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ㈿ ά ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡢ ࠿ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ

࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ᛮ ⪃ ࡸ ⾜ ື ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ࡢ ࠿ 㸪 ࡑ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ᐇ 㝿 ࡟ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࢆ ᙉ ໬ ࡍ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ

ࢆ ࡜ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡢ ࠿ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ᐇ 㦂 ⓗ ࡞ ᡭ ἲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ᳨ ウ ࡀ ồ ࡵ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ

82

➨

➨ 7 ❶ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡜ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡢ 㛵 㐃

➨ 1 ⠇ ᮏ ❶ ࡢ ┠ ⓗ

➨ 6 ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ స ⏝ ᶵ ᗎ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ

࣓ ࢝ ࢽ ࢬ ࣒ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㔞 ⓗ ࡟ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ◊ ✲ 2 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ

࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ឤ ᝟ ࡸ ⾜ ື ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ 㸪 ࣃ ࢫ ゎ ᯒ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡋ ࠿ ࡋ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ල య ⓗ ࡟ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡟ 㛵 㐃 ࡍ ࡿ ᛮ ⪃ ࡀ ᾋ ࠿ ࡧ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ᛮ ⪃ ࡀ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ឤ ᝟ ࡸ ⾜ ື ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼

ࡿ ࡢ ࠿ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 ヲ ⣽ ࡟ ᳨ ウ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ ࠋ ◊ ✲ 3 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡍ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࡢ ࣓ ࢝ ࢽ ࢬ ࣒ ࢆ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡀ ᐇ 㝿 ࡟ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࢆ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡢ ࠿ ࡣ ヲ ⣽ ࡟ ᳨ ウ ࡛ ࡁ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ ࠋ ࡑ ࡇ ࡛ 㸪 ᮏ ❶ ࡛ ࡣ 㸪B P D ഴ ྥ 㧗 ⩌ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ B P D ഴ ྥ ప ⩌ ࢆ ᑐ ㇟ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪᪥ ᖖ ⓗ ࡟ ⤒ 㦂 ࡍ ࡿ ࡉ ࡉ ࠸ ࡞ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 (኱ ࡁ ࡞ ⱞ ③ ࢆ క ࠺ ࢺ ࣛ

࢘ ࣐ ࢸ ࢕ ࢵ ࢡ ࡞ ฟ ᮶ ஦ ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࡃ 㸪 ᪥ ᖖ ⓗ ࡟ ⤒ 㦂 ࡍ ࡿ ぢ ᤞ

࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ឤ ࢆ క ࠺ ሙ 㠃 )ࢆ ᢳ ฟ ࡋ 㸪ࡑ ࡢ ሙ 㠃 ࢆ ᝿ ㉳ ࡍ ࡿ ࢖ ࣓

࣮ ࢪ ᝿ ㉳ ᐇ 㦂 ࢆ ⾜ ࠸ 㸪 ୧ ⩌ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࢆ ẚ ㍑ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪

B P D ഴ ྥ 㧗 ⩌ ࡢ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ࡢ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮

࣐ ࡢ ㈿ ά ࡢ ⛬ ᗘ ࡜ ᛮ ⪃ ࣭ ឤ ᝟ ࣭ ⾜ ື ࡜ ࡢ 㛵 㐃 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪

Ⓨ ヰ ᛮ ⪃ ἲ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ᛮ ⪃ ෆ ᐜ ࢆ ᢳ ฟ ࡋ 㸪 ឤ ᝟ ᣦ ᶆ ࣭ ༙ ᵓ 㐀 ໬ 㠃 ᥋ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࢆ ࠶ ࢃ ࡏ ࡚ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ᛮ ⪃ ࡀ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ឤ ᝟

ࡸ ⾜ ື ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠿ ࢆ 㔞 ⓗ ࣭ ㉁ ⓗ ࡟ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

࡞ ࠾ 㸪 B P D ࡢ ≉ ᚩ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ぶ ᐦ ࡞ 㛵 ಀ ࡟ ࡞ ࡿ ࡯ ࡝ 㸪 ឤ

᝟ ⓗ ཯ ᛂ ࡀ 㢧 ⴭ ࡟ ࡞ ࡿ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ▱ ぢ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ 㸦 M a s o n &

K r e g r , 1 9 9 8 Ⲩ ஭ ௚ ヂ 2 0 0 3 㸧ࠋ ࡑ ࡇ ࡛ 㸪 ࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ᝿ ㉳ ࡢ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ᑐ ㇟ ࡢ ぶ ᐦ ᗘ ࡀ 㧗 ࠸ ሙ 㠃 ࡜ ప

࠸ ሙ 㠃 ࢆ タ ᐃ ࡋ 㸪 ᑐ ㇟ ࡢ ぶ ᐦ ᗘ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚

ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ࡢ ཯ ᛂ ࡟ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ ࡳ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠿ ࡝ ࠺ ࠿ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡶ

᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

83

➨

➨ ⠇ ◊ ✲ 4 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ

࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡜ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡢ 㛵 㐃 ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ᐇ 㦂 ⓗ ᳨ ウ

┠ ⓗ

➨ 6 ❶ ࡢ ◊ ✲ 2㸪 ◊ ✲ 3 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ

B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡟ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ 㡪 㸪 ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ

⥔ ᣢ ࣭ ᙉ ໬ せ ᅉ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪㉁ ၥ ⣬ ㄪ ᰝ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸪 ◊ ✲ 2 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ┤ ᥋ ⓗ 㸪

࠶ ࡿ ࠸ ࡣ ឤ ᝟ ࡢ ୙ Ᏻ ᐃ ᛶ ࢆ ௓ ࡋ ࡚ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ⾜

ື ໬ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ◊ ✲ 3 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࠿ ࡽ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ᑐ ฎ ᪉ ␎ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪ࠕ ᨺ Რ ࣭ ࠶ ࡁ ࡽ ࡵ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ⫯ ᐃ ⓗ ゎ 㔘 ࡢ ୙ ㊊ ࠖ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ㄆ ▱ ⓗ ᑐ ฎ

࡜ 㸪ࠕ ຠ ᯝ ⓗ ࡞ ࢥ ࣑ ࣗ ࢽ ࢣ ࣮ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ࡢ ୙ ㊊ ࠖ ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ ᑐ ே ⓗ ᑐ ฎ ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࠋ ࡋ ࠿ ࡋ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚

ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ᐇ 㝿 ࡟ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡀ ㈿ ά ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࡟ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ୚ ࠼ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡢ ࠿ ࡝ ࠺ ࠿ 㸪ࡲ ࡓ B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ

ࢆ ᙉ ໬ ࡍ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ୙ 㐺 ษ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ㄏ Ⓨ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠿ ࡝ ࠺ ࠿

࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ᳨ ウ ࡀ ࡞ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ ࠋ

ࡑ ࡇ ࡛ ◊ ✲ 4 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࢆ ࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ᝿ ㉳ ࡍ

ࡿ ᐇ 㦂 ࢆ ⾜ ࠸ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ 㧗 ⩌ ࡜ B P D ഴ ྥ ప ⩌ ࡢ ཯ ᛂ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࢆ ẚ ㍑ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡢ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ ㈿ ά ࡢ ⛬ ᗘ ࡜ 㸪 ឤ ᝟ ࣭ ⾜ ື ཯ ᛂ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ◊ ✲ 4 ࡢ ௬ ㄝ ࡣ 㸪 ௨ ୗ ࡢ ㏻ ࡾ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ

௬ ㄝ 1㸧 A B S Q ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡣ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ 㧗 ⩌ ࡢ ᪉ ࡀ B P D ഴ ྥ

ప ⩌ ࡼ ࡾ ࡶ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ᝿ ㉳ ᚋ ࡟ ᭷ ព ࡟ ቑ ຍ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ

௬ ㄝ 2㸧 B P D ഴ ྥ 㧗 ⩌ ࡢ ᪉ ࡀ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ ప ⩌ ࡼ ࡾ ࡶ 㢧 ⴭ

࡟ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡟ 㛵 㐃 ࡍ ࡿ Ⓨ ヰ㸦 Ⓨ ヰ ᛮ ⪃ ἲ 㸧࡜ 㸪 ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡟ 㛵 㐃 ࡍ ࡿ ឤ ᝟ ࣭ ⾜ ື ཯ ᛂ 㸦 ឤ ᝟ ᣦ ᶆ ࣭ ༙ ᵓ 㐀

໬ 㠃 ᥋ ࡢ ཯ ᛂ 㸧 ࡀ ♧ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ

84

௬ ㄝ 3㸧 B P D ഴ ྥ 㧗 ⩌ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ぶ ᐦ ᗘ ࡀ 㧗 ࠸ ሙ 㠃 ࡜ ప

࠸ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 㛵 㐃 ࡍ ࡿ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ ᅉ Ꮚ ࡀ ␗ ࡞

ࡿ ࠋ

௨ ୖ ࡢ 3 ࡘ ࡢ ௬ ㄝ ࢆ ᳨ ド ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࢆ 㸪 ◊ ✲ 4 ࡢ ࢚ ࣥ ࢻ ࣏

࢖ ࣥ ࢺ ࡜ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

᪉ ᪉ ἲ

㸬 ᐇ 㦂 ཧ ຍ ⪅ 2 0 1 0 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 㹼 2 0 1 3 ᖺ 4 ᭶ ࡟ 㸪 㤳 㒔 ᅪ ෆ ࡢ ኱ Ꮫ ⏕ ࢆ ᑐ ㇟ ࡟ ࢫ ࢡ ࣜ ࣮ ࢽ ࣥ ࢢ ㄪ ᰝ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ Ḟ ᦆ ್

ࢆ 㝖 እ ࡋ ࡓ ᭷ ຠ ᅇ ⟅ ⪅ ᩘ ࡣ 㸪 6 0 4 ྡ 㸦 ⏨ ᛶ 2 7 8 ྡ 㸪 ዪ ᛶ 3 0 6 ྡ 㸪 ୙ ᫂ 2 0 ྡ 㸪 ᖹ ᆒ ᖺ 㱋 1 9 . 8 7 ṓ 㸪 S D= 1 . 3 9㸧 ࡛

࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ A B S Q ࡢ ᖹ ᆒ ್ ࡣ 3 5 . 9 6㸦 S D= 8 . 7 5㸧㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ

ࢆ   ᐃ ࡍ ࡿ P D Q - R ᚓ Ⅼ ࡢ ᖹ ᆒ ್ ࡣ 3 . 7 9 㸦 S D= 2 . 2 2㸧 ࡛

࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ P D Q - R ࡢ ᖹ ᆒ ್ 㸩 1 / 2 S D ௨ ୖ ࡛ 㸪 ࠿ ࡘ A B S Q ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ ᖹ ᆒ ್ ௨ ୖ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ⏨ ዪ 9 ྡ㸦 ⏨ ᛶ 4 ྡ 㸪ዪ ᛶ 5 ྡ 㸪 ᖹ ᆒ ᖺ 㱋 1 9 . 2 2㸪 S D= 1 . 3 0㸧 ࢆ B P D ഴ ྥ 㧗 ⩌ 㸪 B P D ഴ ྥ ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ ᖹ ᆒ - 1 / 2 S D ௨ ୗ ࡛ 㸪࠿ ࡘ A B S Q ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ ᖹ ᆒ ್ ௨ ୗ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ⏨ ዪ 7 ྡ㸦 ⏨ ᛶ 3 ྡ 㸪ዪ ᛶ 4 ྡ 㸪ᖹ ᆒ ᖺ 㱋 2 0 . 4 3㸪

S D= 2 . 3 7㸧 ࢆ B P D ഴ ྥ ప ⩌ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ᐇ 㦂 ࡢ ᑐ ㇟ ࡜ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

P D Q - R ᚓ Ⅼ ࡣ ṇ つ ศ ᕸ ࢆ ♧ ࡋ ࡚ ࠾ ࡾ 㸪P D Q - R ࡢ ᚓ Ⅼ ࡀ ᖹ

ᆒ 㸩 1 / 2 S D ௨ ୖ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ⪅ ࡣ 㸪 B P D ࡢ ᚩ ೃ ࢆ ᭷ ࡋ ࡚ ࠾ ࡾ 㸪

B P D ഴ ྥ ⪅ ࡟ ࠶ ࡓ ࡿ ࡜ ุ ᩿ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

࡞ ࠾ 㸪 ᐇ 㦂 ᐇ ᪋ ๓ ࡟ ೺ ᗣ ࢔ ࣥ ࢣ ࣮ ࢺ ࢆ ᐇ ᪋ ࡋ 㸪 ⌧ ᅾ ་

⒪ ࡸ ᚰ ⌮ ⓗ ἞ ⒪ ࢆ ཷ ࡅ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ⪅ 㸪 ᴟ ᗘ ࡢ ⑂ ປ ࡸ ᢚ ࠺ ࡘ ≧

ែ 㸪 ⮬ ẅ ᛕ ៖ ࣭ ⃭ ࡋ ࠸ ⮬ യ ⾜ Ⅽ ➼ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ⪅ ࡣ ᐇ 㦂 ࠿ ࡽ 㝖 እ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡜ ࡋ ࡓ ࡀ 㸪 ヱ ᙜ ⪅ ࡣ ࠸ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ

㸬 ᐇ 㦂 ⪅ ⮫ ᗋ ᚰ ⌮ ኈ ᭷ ㈨ ᱁ ⪅ ࡢ ኱ Ꮫ 㝔 ⏕ ዪ ᛶ 㸦 3 0 ௦ 㸧

1 ྡ

㸬 ᐇ 㦂 ሙ ᡤ 㟼 ࠿ ࡞ ⎔ ቃ ࡢ ᐇ 㦂 ᐊ ࡟ ࡚ 㸪 ᐇ 㦂 ⪅ ࡜ ᐇ 㦂 ༠ ຊ ⪅ ࡀ 1 ᑐ 1 ࡛ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ᐇ 㦂 ⪅ ࡣ ᐇ 㦂 ༠ ຊ ⪅ ࡢ ྑ ᩳ ࡵ ᚋ ࢁ ࡟ ᗙ ࡾ 㸪 ᐇ 㦂 ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ

85

㸬 ᐇ 㦂 ᮦ ᩱ 㸦 a㸧 A B S Q 1 8 㡯 ┠ ࠋ 4 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ◊ ✲ 1 ࡛ ༑ ศ ࡞ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࣭ ጇ ᙜ ᛶ ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ

࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ᝿ ㉳ ๓ ᚋ ࡢ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࢫ ࢟ ࣮ ࣐ ࡢ ά ᛶ ໬ ࡢ ⛬ ᗘ

ࢆ ㄪ ࡭ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࠋ㸦 b㸧 S D S ࡢ 㸪 ⮬ ẅ 㡯 ┠ ࢆ 㝖 ࠸ ࡓ 1 9 㡯 ┠ 㸦 ⚟ ⏣ ࣭ ᑠ ᯘ 㸪 1 9 7 3㸧ࠋ ᙜ ᪥ ࡢ ᢚ ࠺ ࡘ Ẽ ศ ≧ ែ ࢆ   ᐃ ࡍ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࠋ 4 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ༑ ศ ࡞ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࣭ ጇ ᙜ ᛶ ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ㸦 c 㸧 P O M S㸦 ᶓ ᒣ ࣭ Ⲩ グ 㸪 1 9 9 4㸧 ࠿ ࡽ 㸪ࠕ ⥭ ᙇ -୙ Ᏻ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ᢚ ࠺ ࡘ - ⴠ ࡕ ㎸ ࡳ ࠖ㸪 ࠕ ΰ ஘ ࠖ㸪ࠕ ᛣ ࡾ 㸫 ᩛ ព ࠖ ࡢ 4 ࡘ ࡢ ୗ ఩ ᑻ ᗘ 4 2 㡯 ┠ ࢆ ᢤ

⢋ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ᝿ ㉳ ๓ ᚋ ࡢ Ẽ ศ ≧ ែ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࡢ   ᐃ ࡢ ࡓ

ࡵ ࡟ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࠋ͆ 1㸬 ࡲ ࡗ ࡓ ࡃ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ͇ 㹼 ͆ 㠀 ᖖ ࡟ ከ ࡃ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ͇ ࡢ 5 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ༑ ศ ࡞ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࣭ ጇ ᙜ ᛶ ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ㸦 d 㸧 Ẽ ศ ㄪ ᰝ ⚊ 㸦 ᆏ 㔝 ࣭ ⚟ ஭ ࣭ ⇃ 㔝 ࣭ ᇼ Ụ ࣭ ᕝ ཎ ࣭ ᒣ ᮏ ࣭ 㔝 ᮧ ࣭ ᮎ ᯇ 㸪 1 9 9 4㸧 ࡢ ࠕ ࣜ ࣇ ࣞ ࢵ ࢩ

ࣗ ࠖ 8 㡯 ┠ ࠋ ࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ᝿ ㉳ ๓ ᚋ ࡢ Ẽ ศ ≧ ែ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࡢ   ᐃ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࠋ͆ 1㸬 ඲ ࡃ ᙜ ࡚ ࡣ ࡲ ࡽ ࡞ ࠸ ͇ 㹼 ͆ 4㸬 㠀 ᖖ ࡟ ᙜ ࡚ ࡣ ࡲ ࡿ ͇ ࡢ 4 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ༑ ศ ࡞ ಙ 㢗 ᛶ ࣭ ጇ ᙜ ᛶ ࡀ ☜ ㄆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ㸦 e㸧 ◊ ✲ ᐇ ᪋ ⪅ ࡀ స ᡂ ࡋ ࡓ 㸪 ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡢ ࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ 㩭 ᫂ ᗘ 㸪 ᑐ ㇟ ࡢ ぶ ᐦ ᗘ ࢆ ၥ ࠺ 㡯 ┠ ࠋ ᧯ స ࢳ ࢙ ࢵ ࢡ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ ࡟ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ 7 ௳ ἲ ࡛ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ

༙ ᵓ 㐀 ໬ 㠃 ᥋ ᐇ 㦂 ཧ ຍ ⪅ ࠿ ࡽ ᢳ ฟ ࡋ ࡓ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ 㛵 ࡋ ࡚ 㸪㸦 a㸧 ࡑ ࡢ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ୺ ほ ⓗ ࡞ ឤ ᝟ ࣭ ⪃

࠼ 㸪㸦 b㸧 ᐇ 㝿 ࡟ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ᑐ ฎ ࢆ ࡜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠿ 㸪㸦 c㸧 ᬑ ẁ ࡢ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ࡢ ⾜ ື ഴ ྥ 㸪㸦 d㸧 ┦ ᡭ ࡢ ぶ ᐦ ᗘ ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ

࡚ 㸪 ཯ ᛂ ࡟ ᕪ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠿ ࡝ ࠺ ࠿ 㸪 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ༙ ᵓ 㐀 ໬ 㠃 ᥋ ࢆ

⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ㉁ ၥ ෆ ᐜ ࡣ 㸪 ◊ ✲ ᐇ ᪋ ⪅ ࡀ ⊂ ⮬ ࡟ స ᡂ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ 㸬 ᡭ ⥆ ࡁ ᐇ 㦂 ࡢ ᡭ ⥆ ࡁ ࢆ F i g u r e 7 - 1 ࡟ ♧ ࡍ ࠋ ᐇ 㦂 ༠ ຊ ᕼ ᮃ ⪅ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ஦ ๓ ࡟ ᐇ 㦂 ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ࢖ ࣥ ࣇ ࢛ ࣮ ࣒ ࢻ ࣭ ࢥ

ࣥ ࢭ ࣥ ࢺ ࢆ ᚓ ࡓ ࠋ ஢ ᢎ ࢆ ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ᐇ 㦂 ༠ ຊ ⪅ ࡟ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 ᢎ ㅙ ᭩ ࡬ ࡢ ࢧ ࢖ ࣥ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ᐇ 㦂 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 ࡲ ࡎ ᙜ ᪥ ࡢ ᢚ ࠺ ࡘ Ẽ ศ ≧ ែ ࡢ   ᐃ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ 㸪 S D S ࡟ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ḟ ࡟ ࣉ

86

ࣜ ࢸ ࢫ ࢺ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 P O M S 㸪 Ẽ ศ ㄪ ᰝ ⚊ ࡢ ࣜ ࣇ ࣞ ࢵ ࢩ ࣗ 㡯

┠ 㸪 A B S Q ࡟ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࡢ ᚋ 㸪ࠕ ᮏ ᐇ 㦂 ࡣ 㸪 ࠶ ࡞ ࡓ

ࡀ ᬑ ẁ ㄡ ࠿ ࡟ ͆ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ͇㸪 ࠶ ࡿ ࠸ ࡣ ͆ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࡢ ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࠸ ࠿ ͇ ࡜ ឤ ࡌ ࡿ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࠾ ⪺ ࡁ ࡍ ࡿ ࡶ ࡢ ࡛ ࡍ ࠋ ኱ ࡁ ࡞ ⱞ ③ ࢆ క ࠺ ࢺ ࣛ ࢘ ࣐ ࢸ ࢕ ࢵ ࢡ ࡞ ฟ ᮶ ஦ ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࡃ 㸪 ᬑ ẁ ࠶ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ࡉ ࡉ ࠸ ࡞ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ 㸪 ࠶ ࡞ ࡓ ࡀ ͆ ぢ ᤞ ࡚

ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ͇ ࡜ ឤ ࡌ ࡿ ࡢ ࡣ ࡝ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡞ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ ࡍ ࠿ 㸽 ͆ ぢ ᤞ ࡚

ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ͇ ࡜ ឤ ࡌ ࡓ ሙ 㠃 ࢆ ୍ ࡘ ᛮ ࠸ ฟ ࡋ ࡚ ୗ ࡉ ࠸ ࠖ ࡜ ᩍ ♧

ࢆ ⾜ ࠸ 㸪 ཧ ຍ ⪅ ࡢ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ⤒ 㦂 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ぶ ᐦ ᗘ 㧗 㸭 ప ࠸ ࡎ ࢀ ࠿ ࡢ ሙ 㠃 ࢆ ᝿ ㉳ ࡋ ࡚ ࡶ ࡽ ࠸ 㸪 1 ศ 㛫 ࡑ ࡢ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ࡍ ࡿ ᫬ 㛫 ࢆ タ ࡅ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࡢ ᚋ 㸪ࠕ ࡇ ࢀ ࠿ ࡽ 㸪 ඛ ࡯ ࡝ ᛮ ࠸ ᾋ ࠿ ࡭ ࡚ ࠸ ࡓ ࡔ ࠸ ࡓ ͆ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ͇ ࡜ ឤ ࡌ ࡓ ሙ 㠃 ࡛ 㸪 ⮬ ↛ ࡟ 㢌 ࡟ ᾋ ࠿ ࢇ ࡛ ࡁ ࡚ ࠸ ࡓ ⪃ ࠼ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 ࡑ ࡢ ࡲ ࡲ ኌ ࡟ ฟ ࡋ ࡚ ヰ ࡋ ࡚ ࡃ ࡔ ࡉ ࠸ ࠖ ࡜ ᩍ ♧ ࡋ ࡚ 㸪 5 ศ 㛫 ࡢ Ⓨ ヰ ᛮ ⪃ ἲ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋḟ ࡟ 㸪࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ሙ 㠃 ࡢ 㩭 ᫂ ᗘ 㸪 ᑐ ㇟ ࡢ ぶ ᐦ ᗘ ࡢ ⛬ ᗘ ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ㉁ ၥ ⣬ ࡟ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ᚋ 㸪

࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ឤ ᝟ ࡸ ᛮ ⪃ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 P O M S 㸪 Ẽ ศ ㄪ ᰝ ⚊ ࡢ ࣜ ࣇ ࣞ ࢵ ࢩ ࣗ 㡯 ┠ 㸪 A B S Q ࡟ ᅇ ⟅ ࢆ ồ ࡵ ࡓ ࠋ ࡑ ࡢ ᚋ 㸪 ࢖ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ᝿ ㉳ ࡋ ࡓ ぢ ᤞ ࡚ ࡽ ࢀ ሙ 㠃 ࡟ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ༙ ᵓ 㐀 ໬ 㠃 ᥋ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ 2 ᅇ ┠ ࡢ ᐇ 㦂 ࡛ ࡣ 㸪 1 ᅇ ┠ ࡜ ྠ ᵝ ࡢ ᡭ ⥆ ࡁ ࢆ 㸪 ぶ ᐦ ᗘ ࡢ 㧗 㸭 ప ࠸ ࡎ ࢀ ࠿ ࡢ ሙ 㠃 㸦 ᐇ 㦂 ཧ ຍ ⪅ ࡀ 1 ᅇ ┠ ࡛ ᐇ ᪋ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ ሙ 㠃 㸧 ࡛ ᐇ ᪋ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ሙ 㠃 ᥦ ♧ ࡢ 㡰 ᗎ ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ 㸪 ࢝ ࢘ ࣥ ࢱ ࣮ ࣂ ࣛ ࣥ ࢫ ࢆ ࡜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ

87

䝥䝸䝔䝇䝖

䛆㻭㻮㻿㻽䞉㻼㻻㻹㻿䞉Ẽศㄪᰝ⚊䛇

ぢᤞ䛶䜙䜜ሙ㠃䛾᝿㉳

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䛆㻭㻮㻿㻽䞉㻼㻻㻹㻿䞉Ẽศㄪᰝ⚊䛇

ドキュメント内 7KH5HODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQWKH$EDQGRQPHQW 6FKHPDVDQG%RUGHUOLQH3HUVRQDOLW\ (ページ 66-88)