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Criterion Definition

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a. internal the language ῌs῍ one identifies with b. external the language ῌs῍ ones identified as a native

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Skutnabb-Kangas, T.,,**,,Why should linguistic diversity be maintained and supported in Europe? Some arguments. Guide for the development of language education policies in Europe : from linguistic diversity to plurilingual education., Strasbourg : Council of Eur- ope, Language Policy Division, DG IV.,,pp

Skutnabb-Kangas, T.,+322, “Multilingualism and the Education of Minority Children”, T.

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Skutnabb-Kangas and J. Cummins ῌeds῍,Minority education : from shame to strug- gle, Clevedon, Multilingual Matters ;.*, pp.3ῌ..