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要 旨 視線の注意捕捉における提示位置の効果

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要 旨

視線の注意捕捉における提示位置の効果

村田 祐也

ヒトが他者の視線方向に注意を向けることは非常に重要であると考えられている.たとえ ば,複数人での会話を行っているときは話者の視線方向によって誰に対して話しているのか を推定することや他人とすれ違いをするときに相手の視線方向によっては回避行動をとる必 要性が出てくる場合もある.このように日常生活上の様々なところで他者の視線方向に注意 を向ける必要がある. Friesen & Kingstone1998)は他者の視線方向とターゲット位置が 一致しているときのほうが視線方向とターゲット位置が不一致のときに比べ被験者の平均反 応時間が速くなることを明らかにし,他者の視線方向は観察者の注意を自動的にひきつけ ることを明らかにした.その後,視線の注意捕捉効果について様々な研究が行われているが,

その多くは注視点上に顔刺激を提示するという条件で行われている.視線の注意捕捉効果を 注意操作インタフェースに応用しようとしたとき,見ている場所に顔刺激が提示されるイン タフェースは非常に使い勝手が悪いと考えられる.そこで,本研究では注視点上から離れた 場所に顔刺激を提示し,視線の注意捕捉効果に影響が出るかについて検討した.実験1では,

顔刺激の中心が注視点上にある条件と顔刺激の中心が周辺にある条件で視線の注意捕捉効果 に違いが生じるかを検討した.その結果顔刺激の中心が周辺にある条件でも視線の注意捕捉 効果が生じることが明らかとなった.実験2では顔刺激の中心をより注視点から離した条件 で実験を行い,視線の注意捕捉効果が得られる限界について検討した.その結果,本研究で は少なくとも4.5 deg離れた条件でも視線の注意捕捉効果が得られることが明らかとなった.

キーワード 視線,注意,注意捕捉,周辺視線手がかり

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Abstract

The effect of position on attentional capture by gaze cue

Yuya Murata

It is thought to be very important for humans to pay attention towards the direction in which other person’s eye gaze shifted. For example, we need to estimate to whom the person is talking from his or her gaze direction and to avoid bumping into people based on their gaze direction. Thus, we need to pay attention to other person’s gaze direction in everyday life. Friesen & Kingstone (1998) revealed that the response time for detecting a target position is faster when the other person’s gaze direction and target position are congruent compared to the case they are incongruent and found that the gaze direction automatically captured the viewer’s attention. Although there has been many studies examining the attentional capture by gaze cue after their study, most of the study presented the face on the center of the visual field. To consider using the effect to manipulate the attention as a interface, it is not convenient for the users to show facial stimuli to the center of the visual field. Therefore, in this study, it is investigated whether the effect is affected when the facial stimuli were presented in the periphery. In experiment 1, it is examined whether the effect showed difference between the conditions in which the facial stimuli was presented on the center and presented 1.0 deg away from the center. The results showed that the effect was significant even when the face was not presented on the center. In experiment 2, the position of the face was manipulated from 1.5 deg to 4.5 deg. The results showed that the effect was still significant when the facial stimuli were presented at 4.5 deg away from the center.

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key words gaze, attention, capture of attention, peripheral gaze cue

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