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171

質的心理学研究 第

9

号/2010/No.9/171-185

Literacy, Literature and Mind

1)

Jerome Bruner and the Narrative Turn in Cognition

(文字通りの意味,文学的意味と心― ジェローム・ブルーナーと認知研究におけるナラ ティブ・ターン)

David R. Olson

Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto

Abstract

This paper explores the relation between narrative and rationality. Bruner's positive views about the importance of narrative are defended against the negative appraisal of cognitive theories of Kahneman and Tversky and Stanovich.

It is argued that whereas narrative is a device for capturing nuance of meaning, cognitive theories identify rationality exclusively with the use of strict or narrow meanings of such logical connectives as and and or meanings that took their specialized form only with the rise of modern Western scientific discourse. Narrative remains the dominant form for expressing rich and diverse, contextually sensitive, meanings.

Key words

modes of discourse, modes of thought, paradigmatic, narrative, imagination

要約

本論文は,ナラティブ・アプローチと論理主義との関係を明らかに示すことを目的としている。特に,ブルーナ ーの取ったナラティブ・アプローチの重要性について,カーネマンとトヴァースキー,スタノヴィッチらの認知 理論による(ナラティブに対する)否定的な評価に対抗する形で議論を展開している。ナラティブ・アプローチ が意味の微妙な差異を把握する道具であるのに対して,認知理論は理性的な活動を同定する道具である。後者 は,就 中

なかんずく

,西欧の科学的言説に用いられる特化した形式論理(例えば,「かつ(and)」,「または(or)」で結合さ れる厳密な論理式による表記)に意味を狭く限定してきた。それに対してナラティブ・アプローチは文脈を敏感 に反映する豊かで開かれた意味を表現する優れた形式を維持しているのである。

キーワード

ディスコースの様式,思考の様式,パラディグマティック,ナラティブ,想像力

*

日本語要約・解説は小島康次による。解説は

p.180

参照。

参照

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