OECDにおける「大規模研究施設・分散型研究施設の 多国間による共同整備に伴う課題」の検討状況について
OECD Global Science Forum 永野 博 2014年5月22日 第6回科学技術・学術審議会 国際戦略委員会 資料4 科学技術・学術審議会 国際戦略委員会（第6回） H26.5.22
2 【機密性○（取扱制限）】 OECD科学技術政策委員会（ＣＳＴＰ）の作業部会であるグローバル・ サイエンス・フォーラム（ＧＳＦ）は、特にメガサイエンスや地球規模課題 に関する研究について、加盟国間の科学技術協力を推進し、各国の 取組の情報交換や政策決定に活用可能な国際的な枠組みの構築に 向けた提言等を行うことを目的としている。
Through the Global Science Forum, senior government officials develop findings and action recommendations on high-priority science policy issues.
Since 1992, GSF has been a general-purpose committee, dealing with a wide range of subjects:
Specific scientific domains where something new, noteworthy is happening, e.g., astroparticle physics Policy issues where international consultations are needed, e.g., strategic planning of infrastructures
Issues at the intersection of science/society/government
• A long tradition of investigating research infrastructure issues, related to all scientific domains and policy making
• Not just talks ! GSF activities lead to very concrete outcomes:
• Work on neutron sources contributed to decision making in Europe, Japan etc. (ILL, J-PARC)
• Four international research collaboration developed within the GSF: • The Global Biodiversity Information Facility
(GBIF, HQ=Copenhagen)
• The International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (INCF, HQ=Stockholm)
• The Global Earthquake Foundation (GEM, HQ=Pavia, Italy)
Strategic Visions/Roadmaps Neutron Sources High-Energy Neutrinos Radio Astronomy Proton Accelerators Nuclear Physics Structural Genomics
Condensed Matter Facilities
High-Intensity Lasers
Astronomy and Astrophysics
High-Energy Physics
Grid Computing
Astroparticle Physics
Incubating Research Projects Bioinformatics (GBIF)
Neuroinformatics (INCF)
Earthquake Risk (GEM)
Scientific Collections (SciColl)
Supporting International Cooperation
Scientific advice for policymaking
Mathematics & Industry
Indicators and Models
Research Misconduct
International Years of Science
Complexity Science & Public Policy
Facilitating Clinical Research Trials
Cooperation with Developing Countries
Research Infrastructures
Science & Society Science Education
Dialogues with Civil Society
GSF
• Roadmapping of Large Research Infrastructures (2008) • Establishing Large Research Infrastructures: Issues
and Options (2010)
• Data and Research Infrastructure for the Social
Sciences (2013)
• International Distributed Research Infrastructures
(2014)
• The Impacts of Large Research Infrastructures on
Economic Innovation and on Society (CERN Case Study) (2014)
Outcome of the activity is
a 40-page compendium of
issues and options, based
on past experience.
- Practical
- Nonpresciptive
- Nonexhaustive
- Nonjudgemental
9Establishing Large International Research Infrastructures Issues and Options
における検討事項
Single experiments : ITER, JET, CERN, Pierre Auger Observatory, ILC, SuperB
User facilities for a small number of simultaneous users : ALMA, big optical telescopes, SKA, ELTs User facilities for many simultaneous users : ESRF, ILL, XFEL, FAIR, ESS
[調査対象例]
Increased diversity of RIs types and uses, in all scientific domains Setting up truly global RIs is still a challenge
No real mechanism to involve all stakeholders from initial stages Still very much a « club » of large institutions
Lack of good legal frameworks for global RIs
Sustainable operation of international RIs is a real challenge
Current focus on socio-economic impact of RIs may be misleading Data management and access policies not adapted to current
ICRI 2014
International Conference on Research Infrastructures “Research Infrastructures for Global Challenges”
パネリスト： EC DG Smits, ESFRI Chair Womersley, 豪州科学顧問 Chubb etc.
The OECD Global Science Forum may be the place for such debates！ Q (Smits) : What are still lacking?
A (Nagano) : Global legal framework in place of ERIC, and sustainability of RIs.
[ERIC : European Research Infrastructure Consortium] 14 透明性のある意思決定プロセスの構築
適切な法的枠組みの考案
持続性の担保を目的とした、各国および国際レベルの整合的 なファンディングのあり方の考案
European Research Infrastructure Consortium
(ERIC, 2009年8月28日発効）
“Research infrastructure” means facilities, resources and
related services that are used by the scientific community to conduct top-level research in their respective fields and
covers major scientific equipment or sets of instruments.
An ERIC is a legal entity with legal personality and full legal capacity recognised in all EU Member States.
An ERIC is a recognises by the country hosting its seat as an international body or organisation for the purposes of the directives on value added tax (VAT).
ERICs
SHARE : Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (2011-3-17) CLARIN : Common Language Resources and Technology Infrastructure (2012-2-29)
EATRIS : European Advanced Translational Research Infrastructure in Medicine (2013-11-7)
ESS : European Social Survey (2013-11-22)
BBMRI : Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (2013-11-22)
ECRIN : European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (2013-11-29) Euro-Argo (2014-5-5)
