ᝨᫍẼ✺ධ㣕⾜క࠺ᴟ㉸㡢㏿ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
ᒣ⏣ ๛
㫽ྲྀᏛᏛ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ᶵᲔᏱᐂᕤᏛᑓᨷ
Study on Hypersonic Plasma Flows associated with Planetary Entry Flights
Gouji YAMADA
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8552 Japan
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: This paper introduces the study on hypersonic plasma flows associated with planetary entry flights. The study is aiming at improving the prediction accuracy of planetary entry flight environments by investigating the characteristics of hypersonic plasma flows behind shock waves generated in entry flight conditions. In the first part of this paper, one of the ground testing facility to simulate entry flight conditions is described. Then, a measurement technique for hypersonic plasma flows is described by introducing the measurement system developed at the test section of a shock tube. After that, spectroscopic data of CO2-N2 plasma flows in an entry flight condition are shown to
describe the thermochemical state in the plasma flows. Finally, the summary of this paper is presented.
Key Words: Planetary entry flight, CO2-N2 plasma, Shock tube, Spectroscopy, Nonequilibrium thermochemistry
㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ ㏆ᖺ㸪ࡣࡸࡪࡉ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢᡂຌࢆዎᶵࡋ࡚ ᵝࠎ࡞ᝨᫍ᥈ᰝィ⏬ࡀᥦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬≉㓟 Ⅳ⣲ࢆᡂศࡍࡿⅆᫍࡸ㔠ᫍࡢᝨᫍ᥈ᰝࡀ ὀ┠ࡉࢀୡ⏺ྛᅜ࡛◊✲㛤ⓎࡀάⓎ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿ>@㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢᝨᫍ᥈ᰝ࣑ࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣ࢚ࣟ ࢟ࣕࣉࢳࣕࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᝨᫍ㌶㐨ᢞධࡸ࢚ࣟࣈ࣮ࣞ ࢟ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㌶㐨㑄⛣࡞㧗ᗘ࡞Ẽ✺ධ㣕⾜ᢏ⾡ ࡢ㐺⏝ࡀィ⏬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᑗ᮶ィ⏬ࡉࢀࡿ ⅆ࣭ᫍ㔠ᫍ᥈ᰝ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ㔜せ ᢏ⾡ㄢ㢟ࡋ࡚Ẽ✺ධ㣕⾜ᢏ⾡ࡢྥୖࡀᚲせ ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛Ẽ✺ධ㣕⾜ࡢ㣕⾜⎔ቃࡘ࠸࡚ ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ㸬᥈ᰝᶵࡀᝨᫍẼ✺ධ㣕⾜ࡍࡿ㝿 ࡣ㸪ᶵయ๓᪉㞳⬺⾪ᧁἼࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵཝ ࡋ࠸⇕✵ຊ⎔ቃࡉࡽࡉࢀࡿ㸬≉⾪ᧁᒙෆࡣᴟ ࡵ࡚㧗 ࡞ࡾ㸪ືບ㉳㸪ゎ㞳㸪㟁㞳㸪⤖ྜ ᛂ࡞ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚ẼయศᏊࡣ㧗 ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ≧ែ ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛᥈ᰝᶵ࿘ࡾࡢὶࢀࡢ㏿ᗘࡀࣉࣛࢬ ࣐ὶ୰࡛⏕ࡌࡿ⇕ⓗ⦆ࡸᏛᛂࡢ㏿ᗘࡼࡾࡶ ⴭࡋࡃ㧗࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ὶࢀࡣᙉ࠸⇕Ꮫⓗ㠀ᖹ⾮≧ ែ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ⇕Ꮫⓗ㠀ᖹ⾮≧ែࡣ㸪᥈ᰝᶵࡢ ⇕✵ຊ⎔ቃࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡓࡵ㸪ᶵయࡢ ✵ຊタィཬࡧ⇕㜵ᚚᮦᩱࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣ㧗⢭ ᗘண ࡛ࡁࡿࡇࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿ㸬⌧ᅾ㸪ᩘ್ὶ యຊᏛ㸦CFD㸧ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓὶࢀሙࡢᩘ್ゎᯒࡼ ࡾ㸪᥈ᰝᶵࡢ⇕✵ຊ≉ᛶࡢホ౯ࡀᗈࡃ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲ࡽᴟ㉸㡢㏿ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶ୰࡛ ⏕ࡌࡿ⇕Ꮫⓗ㠀ᖹ⾮㐣⛬ࢆண ࡍࡿࡓࡵᵝࠎ ࡞ゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀᩘ್ゎᯒᗈࡃ㐺⏝ࡉࢀ ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᩘ್ゎᯒࡼࡿண ⤖ᯝࡢ ⢭ᗘࡣ㸪㐺⏝ࡍࡿゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࡁࡃ౫Ꮡࡍࡿࡓ ࡵ㸪༑ศ࡞᳨ドࢆ⾜࠸ࣔࢹࣝࡢ⢭ᗘࢆྥୖࡉࡏ ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪ᝨᫍẼ✺ධ㣕 ⾜⎔ቃࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓᆅୖヨ㦂ࡼࡾ㸪CFD ࡼࡿᩘ ್ゎᯒ⤖ᯝࢆከ᪉㠃ࡽ᳨ドࡍࡿࡇ࡛ゎᯒࣔࢹ ࣝࡢண ⢭ᗘྥୖࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬௨ୗ࡛ࡣ㸪 ➹⪅ࡀ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ◊✲ᡂᯝࡢ୍ࢆ⤂ࡍࡿ㸬 㸰㸬Ẽ✺ධ㣕⾜⎔ቃࢆ⌧ࡍࡿᆅୖタഛ ᝨᫍẼ✺ධ㣕⾜ࡢ㧗 ⾪ᧁᒙ⎔ቃࡣ㸪⾪ᧁ Ἴ⟶ࡼࡾᶍᨃࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪ᅜෆእ࠾࠸࡚ 㥑ື᪉ᘧ࡞ࡼࡾᵝࠎ࡞ࡶࡢࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ>@㸬ᮏ ✏࡛ࡣ㸪Ẽ✺ධ㣕⾜⎔ቃࢆ⌧ࡍࡿ⾪ᧁἼ⟶ࡢ ୍ࡋ࡚㸪㫽ྲྀᏛ࡛㛤Ⓨࡋࡓᴟ㉸㡢㏿⾪ᧁἼ ⟶>@ࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ1ᴟ㉸㡢㏿⾪ᧁἼ⟶ࡢ ᴫせᅗࢆ㸪ᅗ2⨨ࡢ┿ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᮏ⨨ࡣ㛗
⣙7mࡢ⮬⏤ࣆࢫࢺࣥ㥑ືᆺࡢ⾪ᧁἼ⟶࡛࠶ࡾ㸪㧗 ᅽ✵Ẽ㈓Ẽᵴ㸪ᅽ⦰⟶㸪పᅽ⟶㸪┿✵ࢱࣥࢡཬࡧ ⮬⏤ࣆࢫࢺࣥࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿ㸬⾲1ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ ᵝࢆ♧ࡍ㸬┿✵ࢱࣥࢡࢆ㝖ࡃ⨨ྛ㒊ࡣࠊࣆࢫࢺ ࣥ㥑ື⏕ࡌࡿ⾪ᧁࡽᏲࡿࡓࡵྍືᘧࡢྎ タ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㈓Ẽᵴࡣࠊ㧗ᅽ❅⣲ࡀሸ ࡉࢀ㸪ᛴ㛤ᘚࢆ㛤ࡃࡇࡼࡾࣆࢫࢺࣥ⫼㠃స ⏝ࡋ㸪ࣆࢫࢺࣥࢆ㥑ືࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ࣆࢫࢺࣥࡣ㸪 ᅽ⦰⟶ሸࡉࢀࡓ࣒࣊ࣜ࢘ࢆ᩿⇕ⓗᅽ⦰ࡋࠊ 㧗 ࣭㧗ᅽࡢ≧ែࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᅗ3⮬⏤ࣆࢫࢺ ࣥࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࣆࢫࢺࣥࡣ㸪Ẽᐦᛶࡢ☜ಖᅽ⦰⟶ ෆቨࡢᦶ᧿ಀᩘࢆపῶࡍࡿࡓࡵࢸࣇࣟࣥ〇ࡢ ࣆࢫࢺࣥࣜࣥࢢࡀྲྀࡾࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅽ⦰⟶ పᅽ⟶ࡢ㛫ࡣ㕲〇ࡢ㝸⭷ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ㸪ᅽ⦰ࡉࢀ ࡓ࣒࣊ࣜ࢘ࡼࡾ◚⭷ࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ4◚⭷๓◚⭷ᚋ ࡢ㝸⭷ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬㝸⭷⾲㠃ࡣ༑Ꮠᆺࡢ⁁ࡀタࡅࡽ ࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪యࡢཌࡳ⁁῝ࡉࡼࡾ◚⭷ᅽຊࡀ ㄪᩚࡉࢀࡿ㸬పᅽ⟶ࡣ44mmࡢ▴ᙧ᩿㠃ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠾ ࡾ㸪⣧≀ࡽࡢⓎගࢆపῶࡍࡿࡓࡵ࣑ࣝࢽ ࢘ ࣒ ྜ 㔠 〇 ࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ>@㸬 ほ 㒊 ࡣ 㝸 ⭷ ࡽ 2300mmୗὶタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢ⨨ࡣᖹ㠃⾪ ᧁἼࡢᙧᡂ㊥㞳ࡀほ 㒊┤ᚄࡢ⣙40ಸ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ ࡇࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚Ỵᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓほ 㒊ቨ㠃ࡣ㸪 ศගィ ⏝▼ⱥ〇ほ ❆ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅽ ⦰⟶పᅽ⟶ࡣ㸪࣓࢝ࢽ࢝ࣝࣈ࣮ࢫࢱ࣮࣏ࣥࣉ Ἔᅇ㌿࣏ࣥࣉࢆ⏝࠸࡚3.0Pa⛬ᗘࡲ࡛Ẽࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ᅽ⦰⟶➃ࡣ㸪ᅽ⦰࣒࣊ࣜ࢘ࡢᅽຊᒚṔࢆィ ࡍ ࡿࡓࡵᅽຊࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡀྲྀࡅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ほ 㒊࠾ࡅࡿ⾪ᧁἼ㏿ᗘࡢィ ࢆᐇࡋ࡚ࠊ 㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ⾪ᧁἼ⟶ࡢᛶ⬟ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ5 ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ୰ࡣẚ㍑ᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ࠊ㐣ཤᐇࡉ ࢀࡓⅆᫍ᥈ᰝ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢPathfinderPhenixࡢ Ẽ✺ධ㣕⾜⎔ቃࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ> @㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ㸪ィ ࡋ ࡓ⾪ᧁἼ㏿ᗘࡣ㸪PathfinderPhenixࡢ✺ධ㏿ᗘࡼ ࡾࡶࡁ࡞್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀࢃࡿ㸬ࡼࡗ࡚㸪 ᮏ⨨ࡣᆺⓗ࡞ⅆᫍẼ✺ධ㣕⾜ࡢ⾪ᧁᒙ⎔ ቃࢆᶍᨃ࡛ࡁࡿᛶ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ᅗ㸯 ᴟ㉸㡢㏿⾪ᧁἼ⟶ࡢᴫせᅗ ⾲㸯 ⨨ྛ㒊ࡢᑍἲ ྡ⛠ ᩿㠃 ࢧࢬ ᮦ㉁ ㈓Ẽᵴ ᙧ Volume 0.0158 m3 SUS304 ᅽ⦰⟶ ᙧ I50 × 2350 mm STKM13A పᅽ⟶ ▴ᙧ 40 × 40 × 2500 mm A6063 ┿✵ࢱࣥࢡ ᙧ Volume 2 m3 SUS304 ࣆࢫࢺࣥ ᙧ I49.7 × 80 mm SUS304 ᅗ㸰 ⨨యࡢ┿ ᅗ㸱 ⮬⏤ࣆࢫࢺࣥ ᅗ㸲 㝸⭷㸦ᕥ㸸◚⭷๓㸪ྑ㸸◚⭷ᚋ㸧
ᅗ㸳 ⾪ᧁἼ⟶ࡢᛶ⬟ 㸱㸬ᴟ㉸㡢㏿ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶࡢィ ᡭἲ ⾪ᧁἼ⟶ࡣ㸪Ẽ✺ධ㣕⾜ࡢ⾪ᧁᒙ⎔ቃࢆᶍ ᨃ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ㠃⌧㇟ࡀ㠀ᖖ㏿࠸ࡓࡵᐇ 㦂ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡇࡀᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛⾪ ᧁἼ⟶ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㧗⢭ᗘ࡞ᐇ㦂ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡓ ࡵࡣ㸪㧗ᗘ࡞ィ ᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿ㸬ᮏ ◊✲ࡢィ ᑐ㇟ࡣ㸪⾪ᧁἼ⫼ᚋࡢࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶࡽ ࡢⓎග⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢⓎග⌧㇟ࡣ㸪Ẽ✺ධ㣕 ⾜᥈ᰝᶵ࿘ࡾ࡛⏕ࡌ㸪᥈ᰝᶵࡢ✵ຊ≉ᛶࡸຍ ⇕⋡ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡓࡵ㸪≉ᛶゎ᫂ࡀᮃࡲࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ6 ᴟ㉸㡢㏿ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶࢆィ ࡍࡿࡓࡵ ࡢගᏛィ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせᅗࢆ♧ࡍ㸬2 ᮏࡢ࣊ࣜ ࣒࢘ࢿ࣮࢜ࣥࣞࢨ࣮ࡣ㸪ὶࢀ᪉ྥ㓄⨨ࡉࢀほ 㒊ୖ᪉ࡽᆶ┤㏻㐣ࡉࡏࡿ㸬ほ 㒊㏻㐣ᚋࡣ㸪 ࡑࢀࡒࢀูࡢග᳨ฟჾධᑕࡋ࡚㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගᙉ ᗘࢆࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡍࡿ㸬⾪ᧁἼࡀほ 㒊฿㐩ࡍࡿ㸪 ⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࡢᐦᗘ໙㓄ࡼࡾ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡀᒅᢡࡍࡿ ࡓࡵ㸪ග᳨ฟჾࡢฟຊ್ࡀኚࡍࡿ㸬ࡼࡗ࡚ほ 㒊ࢆ㏻㐣ࡍࡿ⾪ᧁἼࡢ㏿ᗘࡣ㸪2 ᮏࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ 㛫㊥㞳ฟຊኚࡢ㛫ᕪࡼࡾྲྀᚓ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ḟศගィ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ㸬ᮏィ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ㸪ⴭ⪅ࡀ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓᴟ▷㛫ከⅬศග ィ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡾ㸪㞟ගࣞࣥࢬ㸪ࣇࣂࣞ 㸪࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢศගჾ㸪ཬࡧICCD ࣓࢝ࣛࡽ ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ7 ࣇࣂࣞほ 㒊 ィ ⨨ࡢヲ⣽ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ほ 㒊୰ᚰ㍈ୖࡢ㍽ᑕග ࡣࣇࣂࣞࡢ᳨ฟ㠃㞟ගࡉࢀࡿ㸬᳨ฟ㠃 ࡣ㸪10 ᮏࡢࣇࣂ⣲Ꮚࡀ 1.0mm 㛫㝸࡛┤⥺ ࣂࣥࢻࣝࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡼࡗ࡚㸪➼ಸ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ 㞟ගࣞࣥࢬࢆ㓄⨨ࡋࡓሙྜ㸪୍ᗘࡢィ ࡛ほ 㒊 ୰ᚰ㍈ୖ࠾ࡅࡿ㍽ᑕගࢆ 1.0mm 㛫㝸࡛ྲྀᚓ࡛ ࡁࡿ㸬ࣇࣂ᳨࡛ࣞฟࡋࡓ㍽ᑕගࡣ㸪ศග ჾࡼࡾࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝᡂศศᩓࡉࢀ㸪Ἴ㛗✵㛫 ⨨ࡢḟඖࡢ࣓࣮ࢪࡋ࡚ICCD ࣓࢝ࣛࡼ ࡾྲྀᚓ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ᅗ8 ICCD ࣓࢝ࣛࡼࡾྲྀᚓࡋ ࡓḟඖࡢ࣓࣮ࢪࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᶓ㍈ࡣἼ㛗㸪 ⦪㍈ࡣὶࢀ᪉ྥࡢ✵㛫⨨࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝᙉ ᗘࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࢥࣥࢱ࣮⾲♧࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ ㍽ᑕᙉᗘࡣ㸪ศගჾࡢᑐഃࡢほ 㒊タ⨨ࡉ ࢀࡓ㸪ࣂࣛࣥࢩ࢙࣭ࣇ࢛ࢺࢲ࣮࢜ࢻ㸦APD㸧 ࡼࡾィ ࡉࢀ㸪ฟຊಙྕࡣ㸪ICCD ࣓࢝ࣛࡢࢺ ࣮ࣜ࢞ࢱ࣑ࣥࢢࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡿ㸬 ᭱ᚋ㸪ィ ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࡽࡢ⨨ ࡢỴᐃ᪉ἲࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ9 ほ 㒊࠾ࡅ ࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⨨㸪ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝィ Ⅼཬࡧ⾪ᧁἼ㠃 㛫ࡢ⨨㛵ಀࡢヲ⣽ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝィ ࡣ⾪ ᧁἼ㠃ࡀୖὶഃࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ㏻㐣ᚋ㛤ጞࡍࡿ㸬 ࡇࡇ࡛⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࡢ฿㐩ࡣୖὶഃࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡽࡢ ฟຊኚࡼࡾ᳨ฟࡍࡿ㸬ICCD ࣓࢝ࣛࡢࢺࣜ࢞ ࣮ࢱ࣑ࣥࢢࡣ㸪ࡇࡢฟຊኚࢆࢮࣟⅬࡋ࡚㐜 ᘏࣃࣝࢫⓎ⏕⨨ࡼࡾ㐜ࢀ㛫ࢆኚࡉࡏࡿࡇ ࡛ไᚚࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ9 ࡼࡾ⾪ᧁἼ㠃ୖὶഃࡢ࣮ࣞ ࢨ࣮ࡢ┦ᑐ⨨ࡣL1+L2㸪⾪ᧁἼ㏿ᗘ9sh㐜ࢀ 㛫'T ࡼࡾ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ồࡲࡿ㸬 L1+L2=9sh ×'T (1) ࡼࡗ࡚㸪୍␒ୖὶഃࡢィ Ⅼࡢ⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࡽࡢ ┦ᑐ⨨/1ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ㸬 L1 =9sh ×'T- L2 (2) ௨ୖࡽ 10 Ⅼࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝィ ⨨ࡣ 1.0mm 㛫㝸࡛㓄⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛㸪᭱⤊ⓗࡍ࡚ࡢィ ⨨ࡢ⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࡽࡢ⨨ࡀྲྀᚓ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 ᅗ㸴 ගᏛィ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせᅗ
ᅗ㸵 ᴟ▷㛫ከⅬศගィ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ ᅗ㸶 ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝḟඖ࣓࣮ࢪ ᅗ㸷 ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㸪ィ Ⅼཬࡧ⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࡢ⨨㛵ಀ ᅗ㸯㸮 ⾪ᧁἼ⫼ᚋࡢⓎගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ ᅗ㸯㸯 ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ✵㛫ศᕸ≉ᛶ 㸲㸬ᴟ㉸㡢㏿ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶࡢᨺᑕ≉ᛶ ⅆᫍẼࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓ70%CO2-30%N2ΰྜẼయࢆ ヨ㦂Ẽయࡋ࡚⏝࠸㸪⾪ᧁἼ⫼ᚋࡢ㍽ᑕගࢆィ ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ10 ⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࡽ 3mm ᚋ᪉⨨࡛ほ ࡉࢀࡓィ ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ♧ ࡍ㸬⾪ᧁἼ㏿ᗘࡣ 5.26km/s, ほ 㒊ᅽຊࡣ 100Pa ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗࡼࡾ㸪CN ศᏊࡢ㟁Ꮚ㑄⛣ CN Violet ࡢ せ࡞ࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢫ'v=-1, 0, 1 ࡀほ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ≉'v=0 ࡢⓎගࡀ᭱ࡶᨭ㓄ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀศ ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢἼ㛗⠊ᅖ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪CN ศᏊ௨እࡢศ ᏊࡸཎᏊࡽࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸㸬ᅗ 11 Ⓨගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ✵㛫ศᕸ≉ᛶࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ୰ࡢ ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ✵㛫⨨ࡣ⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࡽࡢ㊥㞳࡞ࡗ ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Ⓨගᙉᗘࡣ㸪⾪ᧁἼ㠃┤ᚋࡽᛴ⃭ቑ ຍࡋ࡚ 2mm ㏆࡛ࣆ࣮ࢡ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡼࡗ࡚
ࡇࡢ㡿ᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪CO2ཬࡧN2ศᏊࡢゎ㞳ᛂ ࡑࢀ⥆ࡃ CO ศᏊࡢゎ㞳ᛂࡀ㐍⾜ࡋ㸪CN ศᏊࡢ⏕ᡂᛂࡀάⓎ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ୍᪉࡛Ἴ㠃ࡽ 2mm ᚋ᪉㡿ᇦ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪Ⓨග ᙉᗘࡣ⦆ࡸῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡼࡗ࡚ࡇࡢ㡿ᇦ ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓከᩘࡢ CN ศᏊࡢศゎᛂ ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⬺ບ㉳ᛂࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 㸳㸬 ᴟ㉸㡢㏿ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶࡢ⇕Ꮫ≉ᛶ Ⓨගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢᙧ≧ࡣ㸪ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰Ꮡᅾࡍ ࡿᏛ✀ࡢෆ㒊࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮≧ែࢆᫎࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡼࡗ࡚Ⓨගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡛㸪 ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰ࡢᏛ✀ཬࡧෆ㒊࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮≧ែࡀ᫂ ࡽ ࡞ ࡿ 㸬 ࡑ ࡇ ࡛ ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡛ ࡣ ⾪ ᧁ Ἴ ⫼ ᚋ ࡢ CO2-N2 ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ὶࡢ⇕Ꮫ≉ᛶࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵ 㸪㍽ᑕゎᯒࢥ࣮ࢻ SPRADIAN2[10]ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢫ࣌ ࢡࢺࣝࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢἲࢆ㐺⏝ࡋ࡚ᅇ㌿࣭ື ᗘࡢ✵㛫ศᕸ≉ᛶࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ ࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢἲࡢᡭ㡰ࢆ⡆༢ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ㸬᭱ึ ィ ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡽࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢᑐ㇟࡞ࡿ Ꮫ✀㑅ᐃࡍࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪CN ศᏊࢆᏛ ✀ࡋ࡚㑅ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ḟ㸪㑅ᐃࡋࡓᏛ✀ࡘ࠸ ࡚㸪 ᗘ㸦୪㐍 ᗘ㸪ᅇ㌿ ᗘ㸪ື ᗘ㸪㟁Ꮚ ບ㉳ ᗘ㸪㟁Ꮚ ᗘ㸧࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᩘᐦᗘࢆࣃ࣓࣮ࣛ ࢱࡋ࡚SPRADIAN2 ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⌮ㄽࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ ィ⟬ࡋ࡚ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆసᡂࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪ᅇ ㌿ ᗘື ᗘࢆࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡋ࡚ィ⟬ࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓ㸬᭱ᚋ㸪ィ ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢṧᕪࡀ᭱ࡶᑡ࡞ ࠸⌮ㄽࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡽ᥈ࡍࡇ࡛㸪 ィ ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ ᗘཬࡧᩘᐦᗘࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ 12 ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢἲࡼࡿ⤖ᯝࢆ ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗࡼࡾ SPRADIAN2 ࡼࡾィ⟬ࡋࡓ⌮ㄽࢫ ࣌ࢡࢺࣝィ ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡣ㠀ᖖⰋࡃ୍⮴ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ㸪ᅇ㌿ ᗘື ᗘࡣ➼ࡋࡃ 7500K ࡞ࡿ㸬ᅗ 13 ᅇ㌿࣭ື ᗘࡢ✵㛫ศᕸ≉ᛶࢆ ♧ࡍ㸬ᅗ୰ࡢᐇ⥺◚⥺ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ CFD ゎᯒࡼ ࡾồࡵࡓᅇ㌿ ᗘື ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡼࡾ⾪ ᧁἼ㠃ࡽ1mm 2mm ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ື ᗘࡀ ᅇ㌿ ᗘࡼࡾࡶపࡃື㠀ᖹ⾮≧ែ࠶ࡿࡢࡀศ ࡿ㸬୍᪉⾪ᧁἼ㠃ࡽ 3mm ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᅇ㌿ ᗘື ᗘࡀ7500K ➼ࡋࡃ࡞ࡾ⇕ⓗᖹ⾮≧ ែ㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀศࡿ㸬CFD ゎᯒ⤖ᯝࡶྠᵝ ⾪ᧁἼ┤ᚋ࡛ື㠀ᖹ⾮≧ែ࠶ࡾ㸪⣙ 3mm ࠾࠸࡚⇕ⓗᖹ⾮≧ែ㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀศࡿ㸬 ࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪⾪ᧁἼ┤ᚋࡢ 1mm ࠾࠸࡚ࡣᐇ 㦂ィ⟬ࡢ┦㐪ࡀࡁࡃ㸪⇕ⓗ㠀ᖹ⾮㡿ᇦ࠾࠸ ࡚ࡣᚋヲ⣽࡞ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 㸴㸬 ࡲࡵ ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ㸪⏦ㄳ⪅ࡀ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᴟ㉸㡢㏿ࣉࣛࢬ ࣐ὶ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡘ࠸࡚⤂ࡋࡓ㸬ᚋᮏ◊✲ ࢆ⢭ຊⓗ㐙⾜ࡋ㸪ᝨᫍẼ✺ධ㣕⾜⎔ቃࡢண ᢏ⾡ࢆ㣕㌍ⓗྥୖࡉࡏ㸪᥈ᰝᶵࡢᏳᛶࡸಙ㢗 ᛶࡢྥୖཬࡧᖜ࡞ࢥࢫࢺࢲ࢘ࣥࢆᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚㸪ᑗ ᮶ࡢⅆᫍ᥈ᰝ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ㈉⊩ࡋࡓ࠸⪃࠼࡚࠸ ࡿ㸬 ᅗ㸯㸰 ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࣇࢵࢸࣥࢢ⤖ᯝ ᅗ㸯㸱 ⾪ᧁἼ⫼ᚋࡢ ᗘศᕸ≉ᛶ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
>@Vaughn, D., Miller, H. C., Griffin, B., James, B. F., and Munk, M. M. : A Comparative Study of Aerocapture Missions with a Mars Destination, AIAA-2005-4110, 2005.
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>@ Sharma, S. P., Park, C. : Operating Characteristics of a 60- and 10-cm Electric Arc-Driven Shock Tube – Part I: The Driver, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat transfer, Vol. 4, pp.259-265, 1990.
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(ཷ⌮ ᖹᡂ 26 ᖺ 11 ᭶ 7 ᪥)
