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JAIST Repository: 日本の博士課程学生による論文生産

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JAIST Repository

https://dspace.jaist.ac.jp/ Title 日本の博士課程学生による論文生産 Author(s) 加藤, 真紀 Citation 年次学術大会講演要旨集, 27: 397-400 Issue Date 2012-10-27

Type Conference Paper Text version publisher

URL http://hdl.handle.net/10119/11047

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本著作物は研究・技術計画学会の許可のもとに掲載す るものです。This material is posted here with permission of the Japan Society for Science Policy and Research Management.

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5 の の の の の 的 の ス の 的 2012 . の の 研究 . 212. 研究 2012 . の の 研究 . 206. 研究 2010 . の . 180. 研究 研究 . 2007 . の 研究 . . 18 22 30 の http://www.mext.go.jp/component/a_menu/education/detail/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2012/08/03/1324282 _01.pdf

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᪥ᮏࡢ༤ኈㄢ⛬Ꮫ⏕࡟ࡼࡿㄽᩥ⏕⏘



ۑຍ⸨ ┿⣖㸦ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ㸧





ጞࡵ࡟ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ ᖺᗘ࡜  ᖺᗘ࡟⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤࡀᡃࡀᅜࡢ༤ኈㄢ⛬ಟ஢⪅➼㸦༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ ⪅࡜‶ᮇ㏥Ꮫ⪅ࢆྵࡴ㸧ࢆᑐ㇟࡟࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝࡋࡓ୰࠿ࡽᙼࡽࡢᢞ✏ㄽᩥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ศᯒࡋࠊ࢝ࢼࢲࡢ ༤ኈᏛ⏕ࡢᢞ✏ㄽᩥ㸦DUWLFOH㸧ࢆศᯒࡋࡓ /DULYLpUH  ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋලయⓗ࡞ၥ࠸ࡣࠊ௨ୗ࡟♧ࡍ࡜࠾ࡾࠋ 54㸸࢝ࢼࢲ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔ࡣேᩥ࣭♫఍⣔ࡼࡾࡶᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘࡀከ࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋ 54 ࢝ࢼࢲ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⪅ࡢㄽᩥᩘࡣ༤ኈྕྲྀᮍྲྀᚓ⪅ࡢㄽᩥᩘࡼࡾከ࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋ 54/DULYLpUH  ࡣᣦᑟᩍဨࡢ◊✲࡬ࡢ༤ኈᏛ⏕ࡢཧຍࢆᥦゝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊㄢ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠋ  ᮏ◊✲ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱฟ඾࡜ /DULYLpUH  ࡜ࡢᕪ␗ ᡃࡀᅜࡢ༤ኈᏛ⏕ࡢᢞ✏ㄽᩥࢹ࣮ࢱࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢẚ㍑ⓗつᶍࡀ኱ࡁ࠸  ኱Ꮫ࡟ᅾ⡠ࡋࡓ༤ኈㄢ⛬ಟ஢ ⪅࡬ࡢ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᅇ཰ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭷ຠᅇ⟅⪅ᩘࡣ ᖺᗘ  ྡ㸦᭷ຠᅇ⟅⋡ ࡣ㸧ࠊ ᖺᗘ  ே㸦ྠ 㸣㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉/DULYLpUH  ࡣࠊ༤ኈᏛ⏕࡟ࡼࡿ࢝ࢼࢲࡢ ▱㆑⏕⏘࡬ࡢ㈉⊩ࢆศᯒࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࠿ࡽࠊࢺ࣒ࢯࣥࣟ࢖ࢱ࣮♫ࡢ:HE RI 6FLHQFH :R6  ୖࡢ  ᖺ࠿ࡽ  ᖺࡢㄽᩥ᝟ሗࡢ୰࠿ࡽࢣ࣋ࢵࢡᕞࡢ༤ኈᏛ⏕ࡀⴭ⪅࡟ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿㄽᩥ᝟ሗࢆࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟୧◊✲㛫ࡢㄽᩥࡢᐃ⩏ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜➼࠿ࡽ ࡘࡢศᯒ⤖ᯝࢆ༢⣧࡟ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ  ࢝ࢼࢲࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⤌⧊࡜◊✲ຊࡢ≉ᚩ 㸦࢝ࢼࢲࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔⤌⧊࡜ホ౯㸧 ኱Ꮫ㝔␃Ꮫ༠఍࡟ࡼࡿ࡜࢝ࢼࢲࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢᩍ⫱ไᗘࡸࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝࡣ⡿ᅜࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔࡟㠀ᖖ࡟ఝ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔ࡢ༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢከࡃࡣ⡿ᅜ࡜ྠᵝ࡟Ꮫ㒊༞ᴗᚋ࡟┤᥋ධᏛࡋᑵᏛᖺᩘࡣ ᖺ࡛࠶ࡿ ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࢝ࢼࢲࡢ኱Ꮫᩘࡣ⣙ ᰯ⛬ᗘ㸦⡿ᅜࡢ⣙ 㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⡿ᅜ࡜ẚ࡭࡚ࠊ኱Ꮫࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ ࡝ࡀᅜ❧኱ᏛࡢࡓࡵᏛ㈝ࡀᏳࡃ➇த⋡ࡀ㧗࠸ࠋࡲࡓ࢝ࢼࢲࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡣ◊✲Ⰽࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ᙉ࠸ࢥ࣮ࢫࡀከ࠸ࠋ ྛᅜࡢ኱ᏛࡢỈ‽ࢆ♧ࡍ⡆౽࡞ᣦᶆࡢ ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚኱Ꮫࡢᅜ㝿ࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕ7LPHV+LJKHU (GXFDWLRQ ࡛ୖ఩  ఩࡟ධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ኱Ꮫᩘࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ  ᰯ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡣ  ᰯ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ࡟ධࡗࡓ ࣨᅜࡢྛ኱Ꮫࡢ⥲ྜᚓⅬࡣṤ࡝ኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ࢝ࢼࢲࡣ᪥ᮏ࡜ẚ࡭࡚ᅜ㝿ᣦ ᶆࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏࡣ◊✲ᣦᶆࡀ㧗ࡃࠊ࢝ࢼࢲࡣ⿕ᘬ⏝ᣦᶆࡀ㧗࠸ࠋ኱Ꮫࡢ㉁࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ࡜ ᪥ᮏࡣẚ㍑ྍ⬟࡞Ỉ‽࡟࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 㸦࢝ࢼࢲࡢ◊✲ຊ㸧  :RUOG'HYHORSPHQW,QGLFDWRUV ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ ᖺࡢ◊✲⪅ᩘࡣࠊேཱྀ  ୓ே࠶ࡓࡾ᪥ᮏ  ேࠊ ࢝ࢼࢲ ே㸦࢝ࢼࢲࡢேཱྀࡣ᪥ᮏࡢ⣙ 㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㜰࣭᱓ཎ  ࡼࡾ୧ᅜࡢㄽᩥᩘࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ ᖺ࠿ࡽ ᖺࡢᩚᩘ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ࢝ࢼࢲࡢㄽᩥᩘࡣ⣙  ୓㸦ୡ⏺ࢩ࢙࢔ 㸣㸧ࠊ᪥ᮏࡣ  ୓ᮏ㸦ྠ 㸣㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋศᩘ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡢᕪࡣࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࠸ࡓࡵ࢝ࢼࢲࡣ᪥ᮏࡼࡾࡶᅜ㝿ඹⴭࡀከ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ௚᪉7RS⿵ṇㄽᩥᩘࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ  ༓ᮏ㸦ྠ 㸣㸧ࡣ᪥ᮏ  ༓ᮏ㸦ྠ 㸣㸧ࢆࡸࡸୖᅇࡿ ࡓࡵ㸦ᩚᩘ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ㸧ࠊ㏆ᖺࠊ㉁ࡢ㧗࠸ㄽᩥࡢୡ⏺ࢩ࢙࢔࡟㛵ࡋ࡚୧ᅜࡣᣕᢠࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ  ศᯒ⤖ᯝ ᪥ᮏࡢ༤ኈㄢ⛬ಟ஢⪅ࡢᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᢞ✏ㄽᩥࡢᰝㄞࡢ᭷↓ࠊⱥㄒࠊ➹㢌ⴭ⪅㸦┦ᙜ㸧ࡢ ู࡟ࢹ࣮ࢱࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋ/DULYLpUH  ࡢศᯒ࡜ᥞ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ:R6 ࡟཰㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿㄽᩥࡢከࡃ ࡀⱥㄒ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᰝㄞ௜ࡁ࠿ࡘⱥㄒࡢㄽᩥࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㐺ษ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ᪥ᮏேᏛ⏕ࡢ  ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺᡭἲ➼ࡢヲ⣽ࡣຍ⸨➼㸦DE㸧ࢆཧ↷ࡢࡇ࡜ࠋ   :R6 ࡟཰㘓ࡉࢀࡓ  ᖺࡢㄽᩥ㸦඲✀㢮㸧 ᮏࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ ᮏ㸦㸣㸧ࡀⱥㄒࠊ ᮏ㸦㸣㸧 ࡀ௖ㄒࠊ ᮏ㸦㸣㸧ࡀ᪥ᮏㄒ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

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༤ኈㄽᩥࡢ࠺ࡕ⌮Ꮫ⣔࡛ࡣ⣙ ๭ࡀⱥㄒ࡛᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀᕤᏛ⣔࡛ࡣ  ๭࡟␃ࡲࡿ㸦ᯇᒸ➼ࠊ㸧 ࡞࡝ࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔࡛ࡶ᪥ᮏㄒࡀ୍㒊౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀ⌧≧࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢣ࣋ࢵࢡᕞ࡛ࡣ௖ㄒࡀබ⏝ㄒࡔࡀࠊ ࢝ࢼࢲ඲య࡛ࡣⱥㄒࡶබ⏝ㄒࡢࡓࡵ᪥ᮏ࡜ࡣㄽᩥࢆ᭩ࡃゝㄒ≧ἣࡀ␗࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚᪥ᮏࡢ ㄽᩥࡣゝㄒࢆၥࢃࡎᰝㄞ௜ࡁㄽᩥࢆ୺࡞ศᯒᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿࠋ ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔࡜ேᩥ࣭♫఍⣔ࡢᰝㄞ௜ࡁㄽᩥᩘࡢᕪ␗ ᡃࡀᅜࡢ༤ኈᏛ⏕ࡢㄽᩥᩘࢆศ㔝ู࡟ᅗ ᕥᅗ࡟♧ࡍࠋ඲ศ㔝࡛ࡣࠊ ᮏ௨ୖࡀ 㸣࡜᭱ࡶከࡃࠊ  ᮏࡀ 㸣࡜⥆ࡃࠋศ㔝ู࡟ぢࡿ࡜ࠊᕤᏛ࡛ࡣ  ᮏ௨ୖࡀ 㸣࡜௚ศ㔝ࡼࡾㄽᩥᩘࡀከ࠸ࠋ ᮏ࡟ ╔┠ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ♫఍⛉Ꮫࡀ㸣࡛᭱ࡶከࡃಖ೺ࡢ 㸣ࡀ⥆ࡃࠋᅗ ᕥᅗ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔࡜ேᩥ࣭ ♫఍⣔ࡢ㛫࡛ᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ኱ࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ୍᪉࢝ࢼࢲ࡛ࡣಖ೺ศ㔝ࡢ༤ኈᏛ⏕ࡢ㸣ࠊ ⌮Ꮫ࣭ᕤᏛศ㔝 1DWXUDOVFLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ ࡢᏛ⏕ࡢ 㸣ࡀ  ᮏ௨ୖࡢㄽᩥࢆⓎ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ ࡚ࠊ♫఍⛉Ꮫ࡛ࡣ㸣ࠊேᩥ࡛ࡣ 㸣ࡢ⪅ࡢࡳࡀㄽᩥࢆⓎ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚᪥ᮏࡣ࢝ࢼࢲ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࡜࢝ࢼࢲ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘࡢศ㔝㛫ࡢᕪ␗ࡣࠊ༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢಟ஢せ௳ࡢᕪ␗࡟ᇶ࡙ ࡃ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ඲࡚ࡢศ㔝࡛༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢಟ஢せ௳࡟ᢞ✏ㄽᩥࡀྵࡲࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ ᰿ᣐ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ1,67(3㸦E㸧ࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊᅇ⟅⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕ 㸣ࡀᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘࡸᢞ✏ඛᏛ⾡ㄅ➼ࡢಟ஢ せ௳ࢆ▱ࡗࡓ᫬ᮇࢆ⟅࠼㸦▱ࡗࡓ᫬ᮇࢆぬ࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸ 㸣ࢆ㝖ࡃ㸧ศ㔝㛫ࡢᕪ␗ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ぢࡽࢀ࡞ ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡸࠊᯘ࣭ᐩ⃝㸦㸧࡟ࡼࡿ࡜᪥ᮏࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ༤ኈᏛ⏕ᩘ࡜ప⿕ᘬ⏝ㄽᩥᩘ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟ࡣ᫂☜ ࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ࢝ࢼࢲ࡛ศ㔝ู࡟ᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘࡀ␗࡞ࡿ⫼ᬒ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ ⣔࡛ࡣ༤ኈࡢಟ஢せ௳࡜ࡋ࡚ᢞ✏ㄽᩥࡀᚎࠎ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡀࠊேᩥ࣭♫఍⣔࡛ࡣ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ 0RQRJUDSK ࡢᙧែ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ /DULYLpUH ࠋ ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶⱥㄒ࡟ࡼࡿᰝㄞ௜ࡁㄽᩥᩘࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔ࡣ⣙ ๭ࠊேᩥ࣭♫఍⣔࡛ࡣ⣙  ๭ࡢ⪅ࡀ ᢞ✏ㄽᩥࢆⓎ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡞࡝ࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔࡜ேᩥ♫఍⣔࡛ࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢣ࣋ࢵࢡࡢᏛ⏕ࡀᢞ ✏ㄽᩥ࡟⏝࠸ࡿゝㄒࡣᐃ࠿࡛ࡣ↓࠸ࡀࠊಟ஢せ௳࡟ຍ࠼࡚౑⏝ゝㄒࡶᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ  6.3% 5.5% 2.5% 4.3% 11.0% 4.8% 13.2% 8.0% 17.6% 20.9% 8.2% 15.4% 26.4% 14.2% 18.1% 27.9% 19.4% 19.1% 16.9% 26.9% 17.2% 23.5% 23.2% 19.6% 17.4% 17.7% 19.2% 17.2% 12.8% 25.2% 17.6% 15.4% 11.2% 10.8% 14.3% 11.8% 8.8% 11.6% 8.4% 8.0% 28.1% 26.0% 38.9% 24.4% 23.9% 20.6% 19.5% 21.2% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ඲ศ㔝 (N:4,927) ⌮Ꮫ (N:973) ᕤᏛ (N:1,470) ㎰Ꮫ (N:442) ಖ೺ (N:985) ேᩥ (N:310) ♫఍⛉Ꮫ (N:370) 䛭䛾௚ (N:377) 0ᮏ 1ᮏ 2ᮏ 3ᮏ 4ᮏ 5ᮏ௨ୖ 4.7% 13.3% 14.4% 13.9% 71.7% 69.5% 27.4% 23.7% 17.5% 22.2% 32.0% 15.1% 13.4% 33.6% 21.8% 17.6% 23.6% 16.1% 5.3% 7.8% 15.7% 16.1% 15.4% 12.7% 12.4% 2.6% 5.0% 8.8% 10.4% 9.7% 9.2% 7.6% 1.9% 0.3% 3.4% 23.3% 26.5% 17.9% 17.9% 3.4% 4.0% 11.1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ⌮Ꮫ (N:951) ᕤᏛ (N:1,443) ㎰Ꮫ (N:424) ಖ೺ (N:932) ேᩥ (N:265) ♫఍⛉Ꮫ (N:321) 䛭䛾௚ (N:351) 0ᮏ 1ᮏ 2ᮏ 3ᮏ 4ᮏ 5ᮏ௨ୖ ᅗ ᕥ㸸ᰝㄞ௜ࡁㄽᩥᩘ㸦ศ㔝ู㸧ࠊྑ㸸ⱥㄒ࡟ࡼࡿᰝㄞ௜ࡁㄽᩥᩘ㸦ศ㔝ู㸧        ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⪅ࡣ༤ኈྕྲྀᮍྲྀᚓ⪅ࡼࡾࡶᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘࡀከ࠸ࡢ࠿  ࢝ࢼࢲ࡛ࡣ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ⪅ࡼࡾࡶ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⪅ࡢᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘࡀከ࠸ࠋᡃࡀᅜࡢ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓࡢ᭷↓࡜ ኱Ꮫ㝔࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓᰝㄞ௜ࡁㄽᩥᩘࡢ㛵ಀࢆศ㔝ู࡟ᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊ඲࡚ࡢศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢝ࢼ ࢲ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⪅ࡢ᪉ࡀᮍྲྀᚓ⪅㸦‶ᮇ㏥Ꮫ⪅㸧ࡼࡾࡶㄽᩥᩘࡀከ࠸ࠋࡶࡗ࡜ࡶᰝㄞ௜ࡁㄽᩥ ᩘࡀ༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢಟ஢せ௳࡟࡯ࡰྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ⮬᫂࡞⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚ཷࡅṆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࡇࡢࡼ࠺ ࡞ศᯒࡣࠊ༤ኈྕࡢྲྀᚓ⋡ࡀၥ㢟どࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ἣୗ࡛ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣศᯒࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜ၥ㢟 ព㆑࡟╔┠ࡋࠊ୧ᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓࡢព࿡ࡸಟ஢⋡࡟ᑐࡍࡿㄆ㆑࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ  ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ඲࡚ࡢศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ⪅ࡢ࠺ࡕᰝㄞ௜ࡁㄽᩥࢆ  ᮏ௨ୖⓎ⾲ࡋࡓᒙࡀ୍ ᐃつᶍᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋຍ⸨➼ D ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ୍⯡Ꮫ⏕㸦♫఍ே࡜␃Ꮫ⏕௨እࡢᏛ⏕㸧ࡢ࠺ࡕ ‶ᮇ㏥Ꮫࢆࡍࡿ⪅ࡢ⣙༙ᩘࡀࠊࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ᑵ⫋ඛࡢỴᐃࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⮬⏤グ㏙࡛ࡣࠊ‶ᮇ㏥Ꮫᚋ  ู㏵ࠊ➹㢌ⴭ⪅ㄽᩥᩘࢆぢࡿ࡜⌮Ꮫ࣭㎰Ꮫ࣭ಖ೺ศ㔝࡛ࡣࡴࡋࢁேᩥ࣭♫఍⣔ࡼࡾㄽᩥᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࠋ ࢝ࢼࢲ࡛ࡢ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ⪅ࡣㄢ⛬‶ᮇᚋࡢ㏥Ꮫ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ  ู㏵ศᯒࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊᰝㄞ௜ࡁⱥㄒㄽᩥࡸᰝㄞ௜ࡁ➹㢌ⴭ⪅ㄽᩥ࡛ࡶྠᵝࡢഴྥࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

(4)

࡟༤ኈྕࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜㏙࡭ࡿ⪅ࡶከ࠸ࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⡿ᅜ࡛ࡣࠊ㏥Ꮫ⪅ࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔࡟࠾࠸࡚ ࡶ㈈ᨻⓗ࡞㈇ᢸ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ༤ኈᏛ⏕ࡢ㏥Ꮫࡀ኱ࡁ࡞♫఍ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦*DUGQHU 㸧ࠋ ⡿ᅜປാ┬࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⪅ࡣᑓ㛛⫋Ꮫ఩ྲྀᚓ⪅࡟ḟ࠸࡛ኻᴗ⋡ࡀపࡃ㐌࠶ࡓࡾ཰ධࡀከ ࠸ࠋࡼࡗ࡚༤ኈྕࢆᮍྲྀᚓࡢࡲࡲㄢ⛬ࢆಟ஢ࡍࡿ㸦㏥Ꮫࡍࡿ㸧ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⡿ᅜ㸦࠾ࡼࡧ࢝ࢼࢲ㸧࡜᪥ᮏ࡛ ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࡜⡿ᅜࡢ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⋡ࡣேᩥศ㔝࡛ࡣ⣙ ே࡟  ே࡜ྠ⛬ᗘ࡛ ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔࡛ࡣ᪥ᮏࡀ ๭⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ  ๭⛬ᗘ࡜ẚ࡭࡚㧗࠸ࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ㏆ᖺࡢ⟅⏦࡟ ࠾࠸࡚༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢಟ஢⋡ࡼࡾࡶᏛ⏕ࡢ㉁ࢆಖドࡍࡿᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࡍࡿゝཬࡀከࡃࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ㉁ࡀၥ㢟どࡉࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿ༳㇟ࢆཷࡅࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢၥ㢟ព㆑ࢆ㚷ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊᩍ⫱࣭◊✲ᡂᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ࡜ᢞ✏ ㄽᩥࡢෆᐜ࠾ࡼࡧ㉁ࢆၥ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࡼࡾ⌧≧ࡢㄢ㢟ゎỴ࡟㏆࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 5.8% 30.6% 3.0% 14.5% 4.8% 21.7% 11.9% 26.9% 2.0% 23.3% 11.4% 18.8% 7.2% 17.6% 37.0% 36.7% 12.6% 19.3% 28.0% 34.8% 45.2% 37.0% 12.7% 23.3% 16.7% 26.1% 40.4% 45.1% 28.1% 19.4% 24.4% 25.3% 36.7% 21.7% 21.5% 15.7% 26.9% 20.5% 25.6% 24.6% 20.2% 19.6% 13.7% 5.1% 25.1% 21.1% 17.8% 8.7% 12.0% 11.1% 23.9% 19.2% 20.3% 17.4% 15.4% 7.8% 6.6% 3.1% 13.6% 10.2% 6.2% 6.5% 4.1% 3.7% 13.2% 6.8% 9.3% 5.8% 6.8% 0.0% 8.8% 5.1% 21.4% 9.6% 6.5% 6.5% 5.3% 5.6% 21.3% 6.8% 16.7% 7.2% 9.9% 9.8% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ (N:808) ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ (N :98) ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ (N:1,227) ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ (N:166) ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ (N:354) ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ (N :46) ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ (N:790) ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ (N:108) ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ (N:197) ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ (N :73) ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ (N:246) ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ (N :69) ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ (N:292) ༤ኈྕᮍྲྀᚓ (N :51) ⌮Ꮫ ᕤᏛ ㎰Ꮫ ಖ೺ ேᩥ ♫఍⛉Ꮫ 䛭䛾௚ 0ᮏ 1ᮏ 2ᮏ 3ᮏ 4ᮏ 5ᮏ௨ୖ ᅗ ༤ኈྕࡢྲྀᚓ࡜ㄽᩥᩘ ศ㔝ู    ᣦᑟᩍဨࡢ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡬ࡢ༤ኈᏛ⏕ࡢཧຍ࡟ࠊㄢ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ /DULYLpUH  ࡣࠊᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘࡀከ࠸⪅ࡣ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸࡜࠸࠺⤖ᯝࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊᏛ⏕ࡀᣦᑟᩍဨࡢ ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟ཧຍࡋᢞ✏ㄽᩥࡢⓎ⾲ࢆಁࡍࡼ࠺ᥦゝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢣ࣮ࢫࡀ᪤࡟ከ࠸ ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊຍ⸨➼㸦E㸧࡛ࡣࠊᩍဨࡀ✚ᴟⓗ࡟Ꮫ⏕ࡢ༤ኈㄽᩥసᡂ࡟㛵ࢃࡿሙྜࡢ㝼 ㊰ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ศᯒࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ༤ኈㄢ⛬࡛◊✲ᣦᑟࢆཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡛㌟࡟ࡘࡅࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠕᑓ㛛ศ 㔝ࡢ㆟ㄽࢆᢈุⓗ࡟⌮ゎࡋ⮬㌟ࡢ௬ㄝࢆ᫂☜࡟⾲⌧ࡍࡿࠖ⬟ຊࡢಟᚓព㆑࡜ࠊ༤ኈㄽᩥࡢࢸ࣮࣐Ỵᐃ࡬ ࡢᣦᑟᩍဨࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ᪉࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆぢࡓ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ ࡟♧ࡍࠋ ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊᣦᑟᩍဨࡀࢸ࣮࣐ࢆᥦ♧ࡋࡓ ሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡀࡑࡢࡲࡲཷࡅධࢀࡿࢣ࣮ࢫ࡜ᣦᑟᩍဨࡀᥦ♧ࡋࡓࢸ࣮࣐࡟Ꮫ⏕ࡢ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣜࢸ࢕ࡸど Ⅼࢆ㏣ຍࡍࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᚋ⪅࡛ࡣᏛ⏕ࡢ࢔࢖ࢹ࢔ࢆᇶ࡟ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆỴᐃࡋࡓሙྜ࡜࡯ࡰኚࢃࡽࡎୖ グ⬟ຊࡢಟᚓព㆑ࡣ ๭⛬ᗘ㸦㸣㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊ๓⪅ࡢಟᚓព㆑ 㸣ࡼࡾࡶ⣙  ๭ከ࠸ࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᩍ ဨࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟Ꮫ⏕ࡀཧຍࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣᩍဨࡀࢸ࣮࣐ࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊࢸ࣮ ࣐Ỵᐃ࡟Ꮫ⏕ࡀ୺యⓗ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡼ࠺ಁࡍࡇ࡜ࡀࠊᏛ⏕ࡢ◊✲⬟ຊࡢಟᚓព㆑࡟ࣉࣛࢫࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜ ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ  ➹⪅ࡀ▱ࡿ㝈ࡾ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⪅ࡢ㈤㔠࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⤫ィࡣᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ   6PDOOZRRG  ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊබᘧ࡞⤫ィࡣ↓࠸ࡀࠊ⡿ᅜࡢேᩥศ㔝࡛ࡣ⣙  ே࡟  ேࡀ༤ኈྕࢆྲྀᚓࡋࠊ ⮬↛⛉Ꮫࡶྵࡴ඲ศ㔝ࡢ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⋡ࡣ㸣࡛࠶ࡿࠋඖࠎࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡣࢥ࣮ࢫ࣮࣡ࢡᚋ࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡿ 4XDOLI\LQJ([DPLQDWLRQ ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ඃ⚽࡞⪅ࢆ㑅ᢤࡍࡿ௙⤌ࡳࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊ㏆ᖺࠊධᏛẁ㝵࡛㑅ᢤ ࡋࠊධᏛᚋࡣ༤ኈㄢ⛬ࢆಟ஢ࡍࡿไᗘタィ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦1,67(3㸧ࠋ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⋡ࡣࠊ࣋ࣝࢠ࣮࡛ ࡶ㢮ఝࡋࡓഴྥ࡟࠶ࡾ㸦*URHQY\QFN㸧ࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ࡛ࡶྠᵝ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦/DULYLpUH ࡜ࡢ఍ヰࡼࡾ㸧ࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ ᪥ᮏࡣࠊேᩥ⣔࡛⣙ ே࡟  ேࠊ♫఍࡛༙ᩘ௨ୗࠊࡑࡋ࡚⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔࡛ࡣ  ๭௨ୖࡀ༤ኈྕࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿ㸦1,67(3 㸧ࠋ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔࡛ࡢᶆ‽ಟᴗᖺ㝈࡛ࡢᏛ఩ᤵ୚⋡ࡣ 㸣ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㸦ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ࠊ㸧ࠋ  ᣦᑟᩍဨࡀ༤ኈㄽᩥࡢࢸ࣮࣐ࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿሙྜࠊ ࠎ࡟ࡋ࡚◊✲ᐊ㸦ᣦᑟᩍဨ㸧ࡀ᪤࡟ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆᣢࡕࠊࡑࡢ ୰࠿ࡽᏛ⏕࡟๭ࡾᙜ࡚ࡿࠊ࠸ࢃࡺࡿᩍဨࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟Ꮫ⏕ࡀཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

(5)

21.7% 10.6% 21.3% 24.9% 31.1% 18.2% 64.4% 60.0% 67.1% 65.5% 58.3% 60.6% 12.4% 25.8% 10.9% 9.0% 7.8% 15.2% 1.1% 3.2% 0.4% 0.6% 1.9% 3.0% 0.3% 0.5% 0.4% 1.0% 3.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ඲య(N:2,474) ᣦᑟᩍဨ䛜ᥦ♧䛧䛯䝔䞊䝬䜢䛭䛾䜎䜎⮬㌟䛾ㄽᩥ䝔䞊䝬䛸 䛧䛯(N:407) ᣦᑟᩍဨ䛜ᥦ♧䛧䛯ㄢ㢟䜔䝔䞊䝬䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䚸⮬㌟䛾䜸䝸䝆 䝘䝸䝔䜱䜔どⅬ䜢㏣ຍ䛧䛯(N:841) ⮬㌟䛜╔᝿䜔⯆࿡䞉㛵ᚰ䜢ᣢ䛳䛯䝔䞊䝬䜢䜒䛸䛻䚸ᣦᑟᩍ ဨ䛾ຓゝ䞉䜰䝗䝞䜲䝇䜔䝠䞁䝖䜢ཷ䛡䛶Ỵᐃ䛧䛯(N:987) ≉䛻ᣦᑟᩍဨ䛛䜙ຓゝ䞉䜰䝗䝞䜲䝇䜢ཷ䛡䜛䛣䛸䛿䛺䛟䚸⮬ ศ⮬㌟䛷Ỵ䜑䛯(N:206) 䛭䛾௚(N:33) ༑ศ䛻㌟䛻䛴䛔䛯 䛒䜛⛬ᗘ䜎䛷䛿㌟䛻䛴䛔䛯 䛒䜎䜚㌟䛻䛴䛛䛺䛛䛳䛯 ㌟䛻䛴䛛䛺䛛䛳䛯 䛭䛾௚  ᅗ ༤ኈㄽᩥࢸ࣮࣐Ỵᐃࡢ⤒⦋࡜ࠕᑓ㛛ศ㔝ࡢ㆟ㄽࢆᢈุⓗ࡟⌮ゎࡋ⮬㌟ࡢ௬ㄝࢆ᫂☜࡟⾲⌧ࡍࡿࠖ⬟ຊ ࡀ㌟࡟ࡘ࠸ࡓᗘྜ࠸ ⤖ㄽ࡜⪃ᐹ ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᡃࡀᅜࡢ༤ኈㄢ⛬ಟ஢⪅➼ࡢᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ศᯒࡋࠊ࢝ࢼࢲࡢ༤ኈᏛ⏕ࡢᢞ✏ㄽᩥ 㸦DUWLFOH㸧ࢆศᯒࡋࡓ /DULYLpUH  ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋศᯒࢆ ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ୧ᅜࡢ༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢಟ஢せ௳࡟ᢞ✏ㄽᩥࡢⓎ⾲ࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡀ⤖ᯝ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚ ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡎ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣゝㄒࢆၥࢃ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟ࠊ࢝ࢼࢲࡢࡼ࠺࡞⮬↛⛉Ꮫ⣔࡜ேᩥ࣭♫఍ ⣔࡜ࡢㄽᩥᩘࡢᕪ␗ࡀ↓࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋḟ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡶ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ⪅ࡢㄽᩥᩘࡣ༤ኈྕྲྀᮍྲྀᚓ⪅ ࡢㄽᩥᩘࡼࡾከ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࡣࠊᢞ✏ㄽᩥࢆⓎ⾲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ༤ኈྕྲྀᚓ࡟ࡣ ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊᏛ⏕ࡀᩍဨࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟ධࡾ◊✲άືࢆ⾜࠺ሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊࢸ࣮࣐Ỵᐃ࡟ Ꮫ⏕ࡀ୺యⓗ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡼ࠺ಁࡍࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ ༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢಟ஢せ௳࡟ᢞ✏ㄽᩥࢆྵࡴࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊಟ஢ᇶ‽ࡢ᫂☜໬ࡢࡼ࠺࡞฼Ⅼ࡜ྠ᫬࡟༤ኈ ㄽᩥࡢ㉁ಖドࡢ㈐௵ࡢᡤᅾࡀ୙᫂☜࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᠱᛕࡶṧࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ%UHLPHU  ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ᪤࡟ࢫ࢖ ࢫࡸⱥᅜࡢ༤ኈㄽᩥࡣᢞ✏ㄽᩥࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ࢫ࢖ࢫ࡛ࡣ௨๓ࡣ ᮏࡔࡗࡓᢞ✏ㄽᩥᩘࡀ㏆ᖺ  ᮏ ⛬ᗘ࡟ῶᑡࡋࠊⱥᅜࡣ  ᮏ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋ໭⡿࡛ࡶ༤ኈㄢ⛬ࡢಟ஢せ௳࡟ᢞ✏ㄽᩥࢆㄢࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ୍⯡ⓗ ࡟࡞ࡾ༤ኈㄽᩥࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᑂᰝࡀᢞ✏ㄽᩥࡢᰝㄞ⪅࡟㈇࠺ሙྜ࡟ࠊゝㄒ➼ࡢၥ㢟ࢆู࡟ࡍࢀࡤࠊ༤ኈㄽ ᩥࡢᇶ‽ࡀᅜ㝿໬ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ௒ᚋࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ/DULYLpUH  ࡀᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡞༤ ኈᏛ⏕࡟ࡼࡿᢞ✏ㄽᩥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ㄽᩥࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢆ⏝࠸࡚ศᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡸᅜ㝿ẚ㍑➼ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ୺せཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㸦グ㍕ࡀ↓࠸ࡶࡢࡣⓎ⾲ᙜ᪥࡟♧ࡍ㸧

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