ᱧผㇺᏒ㒐ἴ⺰ᢥ㓸Vol.2㧔2008 ᐕ 10 㧕
㒠㔎ᤨᢳ㕙ἴኂ㒐ᱛߩߚߩ㊀ⷐᢥൻ⽷ㄝᢳ㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ
ᄙὐࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣ
Multipoint monitoring method for a slope behind an important cultural asset
to prevent slope disasters during rainfall
ᷓᎹ⦟৻
1㧘㈬൬৻ᚑ
2㧘㉿⍮ᤘ
3㧘⍹↰ఝሶ
4㧘ખ⍫㗅ሶ
5㧘Ꮉ㇚ᄦ
6Ryoichi Fukagawa, Kazunari Sako, Tomoaki Satomi, Yuko Ishida, Junko Nakaya, Ikuo Yasukawa
1┙㙚ᄢቇᢎ ℂᎿቇㇱㇺᏒࠪࠬ࠹ࡓᎿቇ⑼㧔ޥ525-8577 ṑ⾐⋵⨲ᵤᏒ㊁〝᧲ 1-1-1㧕
Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering
2┙㙚ᄢቇࡐࠬ࠼ࠢ⎇ⓥຬ ✚วℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴㧔ޥ525-8577 ṑ⾐⋵⨲ᵤᏒ㊁〝᧲ 1-1-1㧕
Postdoctoral fellow, Ritsumeikan University, Research Organization of Science and Engineering
3┙㙚ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮D2 ℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㧔ޥ525-8577 ṑ⾐⋵⨲ᵤᏒ㊁〝᧲ 1-1-1㧕
Graduate student, Ritsumeikan University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering 4CF ࠪࡆ࡞ઍ㧔ޥ544-0003 ᄢ㒋Ꮢ↢㊁ዊ〝᧲ 1-5-2㧕
Head, CF Civil
5ߣ߽߃⋚ᖱႎቶઍ㧔ᄢᵤᏒർᲧ⦟1275-20㧕
Head, Tomoe Geo Info
6┙㙚ᄢቇ․⎇ⓥຬ ✚วℂᎿቇ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴㧔ޥ525-8577 ṑ⾐⋵⨲ᵤᏒ㊁〝᧲ 1-1-1㧕
Fellow, Ritsumeikan University, Research Organization of Science and Engineering
The purpose of our research is to construct a prevention system in order to defend a lot of lives, infrastructures and heritages from slope disasters due to rainfall. So we have set up a filed monitoring system to measure the pore-water pressure, temperature and rainfall intensity on a slope behind a structure, which is an important cultural asset in Japan, since July 2004. In this paper, the above filed monitoring system is introduced, and in-situ seepage behavior is considered based on the multipoint monitoring data. Results show that the relationship between seepage behavior in unsaturated soil and rainfall intensity can be obtained, and the effectiveness of the filed monitoring system for natural disasters due to slope failures caused by heavy rainfall is examined.
Key words: filed monitoring system, slope failure, rainfall, pore-water pressure
㧝㧚ߪߓߦ ੩ㇺ⋆ㄝߩጊ⣻ጊ㣽ߦߪޔ⇇ᢥൻㆮ↥ࠍߪߓᢙᄙߊߩ㊀ⷐߥᢥൻ⽷߇㓸Ⓧߒߡ߅ࠅޔߎࠇ߹ߢ ߦἫἴޔ㔡ޔ㒠㔎ޔ㘑ߥߤߦࠃߞߡᐞᐲ߽ⵍኂࠍฃߌߡ߈ߡࠆޕߎࠇࠄߩ㊀ⷐᢥൻ⽷ߪઍᦧᕈ߇ߥߊޔ ߩ␠ળ⚻ᷣ⁁ᴫࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆߣⵍἴᓟߩ㊀ⷐᢥൻ⽷ߩୃᓳࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪޔኈᤃߢߥߎߣ߇੍ᗐߐࠇࠆޕ ߹ߚޔㄭᐕޔᣣᧄฦߢ⇣Ᏹ᳇⽎߇㗫⊒ߒߡ߅ࠅޔߣࠅࠊߌ2004 ᐕߪޔᣣᧄᧄߦ᷹ⷰผᦨᄙߩ 10 ߽ ߩบ㘑߇㒽ߒߚޕߎࠇࠄߩบ㘑ߥߤߦ࿃ߔࠆዪ⊛ߥ㓸ਛ⽕㔎ߦࠃࠅฦߢᢳ㕙፣უ߇↢ߓޔᄙߊߩੱ ߿␠ળ⾗ᧄ߇ᄬࠊࠇߚޕߘߎߢޔᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㒠㔎ߦࠃࠆᢳ㕙፣უ߆ࠄઍᦧᕈߩߥ㊀ⷐᢥൻ⽷߅ࠃ߮ੱ 㧔ⷰశቴޔㄝ᳃ߥߤ㧕ࠍࠆߚߩ㒐ἴࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ⏕┙ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡࠆޕ 㒠㔎ᤨߩᢳ㕙፣უߪ㧘ߔߴࠅෘߐ߇ᢙචcm㨪ᢙ m ⒟ᐲߩጀߔߴࠅဳ፣უ߇ᄙߊ㧘ਥߥⷐ࿃ߪ㧘㧝㧕㔎 ᳓ߩᶐㅘߦ߁႙⥄㊀ߩჇട㧘㧞㧕㘻ᐲߩჇടߦ߁ដߌߩ☼⌕ജߩᷫዋ߅ࠃ߮㧟㧕ਅ᳓ߩ
ߢࠆߣቯᕈ⊛ߦ⸒ࠊࠇߡࠆޕߎߩߎߣࠃࠅ㧘㒠㔎ᤨߩᢳ㕙፣უࠍ੍⍮੍᷹ߔࠆߚߦߪᢳ㕙ౝߩᶐㅘ േࠍᛠីߔࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆޕ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔ2004 ᐕ 7 ߆ࠄ੩ㇺᏒ᧲ጊጊ㣽ߩ㊀ⷐᢥൻ⽷ㄝᢳ㕙ߦ߅ߡ⸘᷹ࠍታᣉߒߡ߈ߚ1)ޕ ߹ߚޔ2006 ᐕ 7 ߆ࠄหኻ⽎ᢳ㕙ߦ߅ߡᄙὐ⸘᷹ࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚޕᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪޔᄙὐ⸘᷹ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩⷐࠍㅀ ߴࠆޕ߹ߚ㧘ᄙὐ⸘᷹⚿ᨐߩ⠨ኤࠍⴕ㧘ᶐㅘ․ᕈߦኻߔࠆ㒠㔎ᒝᐲߩ㆑ߩᓇ㗀ߦߟߡㅀߴࠆޕ 㧞㧚㒠㔎ᤨᢳ㕙ἴኂ㒐ᱛࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔ㒠㔎ᤨߩጀߔߴࠅဳ፣უࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ㒐ἴࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ᭴▽ࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡࠆޕ੍⍮ߪޔޟ႐ ᚲޠޔޟᤨ㑆ޠޔޟⷙᮨޠࠍ೨ߦ⍮ࠆߎߣࠍᗧߒߡࠆ߇ޔᧄࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢ⋡ᜰߒߡࠆ੍⍮ߪߘߩਛߩᤨ㑆 ߣⷙᮨߩߺߢࠅޔ፣უ߇੍ᗐߐࠇࠆෂ㒾ᢳ㕙㧔႐ᚲ㧕ࠍ੍․ቯߒޔ㒠㔎ߦࠃࠅᤨޘೞޘߣᄌൻߔࠆᢳ㕙 ߩቯᕈࠍቯ㊂⊛ߦ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡࠆޕ ߎࠇ߹ߢߦർࠄ ޔ᧻የࠄ ߪޔ㒠㔎ᤨߩᢳ㕙፣უࠍ੍⍮ߒߡἴኂࠍᧂὼߦ㒐ߋߎߣߦ㊀ὐࠍ⟎߈ޔ ᢳ㕙ࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣᢙ୯ࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦࠍᯏ⊛ߦ⚿߮ߟߌࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ᭴▽ߐࠇࠆ㒐ἴࠪࠬ ࠹ࡓࠍឭ᩺ߒߡࠆޕᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔർࠄߩឭ᩺ߔࠆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍࡌࠬߦ㒠㔎ᤨߩㅢⴕⷙㆱ㔍߅ࠃ߮㒠 㔎ᓟߩⷙ⸃㒰ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߩߢ߈ ࠆᢳ㕙፣უ੍⍮ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧔એ㒠ޔ 㒐ἴࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧕ߩ᭴▽ࠍⴕߞߡ ࠆޕᧄࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߪ̌ਇ㘻⋚ ౝߩ㑆㓗᳓ߪޔ⽶ߩജࠍ␜ߒޔ 㘻ᐲ߇㜞߹ࠆߦᓥ㑆㓗᳓߇ Ⴧടߔࠆ̍ߣ߁․ᓽߦ⌕⋡ߒߚ ᢳ㕙ߩቯᕈߩ⹏ଔࠍⴕߞߡࠆޕ ߹ߚޔⷙ⸃㒰ࠍⴕ߁㓙ߩ್ᢿ߇ 㕖Ᏹߦ㔍ߒߎߣ߆ࠄޔ̌㒠㔎⚳ੌ ᓟޔ⫳⊒߅ࠃ߮ᶐㅘߦࠃࠅޔਛ ߩ㑆㓗᳓߇࿁ᓳߔࠆ㧔㘻ᐲ߇ ૐߊߥࠆߦᓥ㑆㓗᳓߇ᷫዋߔ ࠆ㧕̍ߣ߁․ᓽߦ⌕⋡ߒߡࠆޕ ࿑1 ߦᢳ㕙ἴኂ㒐ᱛࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ ࡈࡠࠍ␜ߔޕᧄࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߪޔ ߹ߕޔ⸘᷹ߦࠃࠅ㔎㊂ޔ㑆㓗 ᳓߅ࠃ߮㕙ᄌߩ⸘᷹ࠍⴕ ߁ޕᰴߦޔߎࠇࠄߩ⸘᷹⚿ᨐࠍ↪ ߚ࠺࠲ಽᨆߦࠃࠆᢳ㕙ߩቯ ᕈ⹏ଔ߅ࠃ߮ᢙ୯ࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪ ࡦߦࠃࠆቯᕈ⹏ଔߣ߁2 Ბ㓏 ⹏ଔ߇ታᣉߐࠇࠆޕᢳ㕙ߩෂ㒾ᐲ ߇㜞႐วޔㆱ㔍൘๔߇⊒ߐࠇ ࠆޕ߹ߚޔㆱ㔍൘๔ᓟ߽⸘᷹ ߇⛮⛯ߐࠇޔㆱ㔍⸃㒰ߩ್ᢿࠍⴕ ߁ߚߩቯᕈ⹏ଔ߇ታᣉߐࠇࠆޕ 㧟㧚⸘᷹ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩⷐ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔ2004 ᐕᐲ߆ࠄ㊀ⷐ ᢥൻ⽷ᓟ⢛ᢳ㕙ߦ߅ߡᢳ㕙 ࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣࠍⴕߞߡ߈ߡ߅ࠅޔ ⸘᷹ ⸘᷹ 㔎㊂㧘㑆㓗᳓㧘㕙ᄌߩ⸘᷹ ╙ ╙Ბ㓏Ბ㓏 ࠺࠲ಽᨆ⹏ଔ࠺࠲ಽᨆ⹏ଔ 㔎㊂ߣ㑆㓗᳓㧘㕙ᄌߩ ⋧㑐ᕈߦၮߠߚቯᕈ⹏ଔ ╙ ╙Ბ㓏Ბ㓏 ᢙ୯ࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦᢙ୯ࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦ ߦࠃࠆᢳ㕙ߩቯᕈ⹏ଔ ߦࠃࠆᢳ㕙ߩቯᕈ⹏ଔ ᰴరᶐㅘ⸃ᨆ߅ࠃ߮ᢳ㕙ቯ⸃ᨆࠍ ↪ߚቯ㊂⊛ߥቯᕈ⹏ଔ ෂ㒾 ෂ㒾 ౣ ౣ ⸘ ⸘ ᷹ ᷹ 0Q 0Q ㆱ㔍൘๔ ㆱ㔍൘๔ ⸘᷹ ⸘᷹ ⫳⊒㊂㧘㑆㓗᳓㧘㕙ᄌߩ⸘᷹ ;GU ;GU ╙ ╙Ბ㓏Ბ㓏 ࠺࠲ಽᨆ⹏ଔ࠺࠲ಽᨆ⹏ଔ ╙ ╙Ბ㓏Ბ㓏 ᢙ୯ࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦᢙ୯ࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦ ߦࠃࠆᢳ㕙ߩቯᕈ⹏ଔ ߦࠃࠆᢳ㕙ߩቯᕈ⹏ଔ ో ో ㆱ㔍⛮⛯ ㆱ㔍⛮⛯ ㆱ㔍⸃㒰ㆱ㔍⸃㒰 ౣ⸘᷹ ౣ⸘᷹ 0Q 0Q ;GU;GU ౣ⸘᷹ ౣ⸘᷹ ࿑1 㒠㔎ᤨᢳ㕙ἴኂ㒐ᱛࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ ࿑2 ᄙὐ⸘᷹ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓⷐ 䊥䊝䊷䊃ዪ A 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ D 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ 䊙䉴䉺䊷ዪ B 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ C 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ M 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺5▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ 䋯㔎㊂⸘䋺1▎ᚲ A B M C D 㔚Ḯ䊤䉟䊮 䉶䊮䉰䊶㔚Ḯ䊤䉟䊮 Ⴧ⸳᷹ⷰὐ ᷹ⷰὐ ፣უ⊒↢ (1972ᐕ) ፣უ⊒↢ (1999ᐕ) ㊀ⷐᢥൻ⽷ 䊥䊝䊷䊃ዪ A 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ D 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ 䊙䉴䉺䊷ዪ B 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ C 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ M 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺5▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ 䋯㔎㊂⸘䋺1▎ᚲ 䊥䊝䊷䊃ዪ A 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ D 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ 䊙䉴䉺䊷ዪ B 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ C 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺3▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ M 䊁䊮䉲䉥䊜䊷䉺䋺5▎ᚲ䋯᷷ᐲ⸘䋺3▎ᚲ 䋯㔎㊂⸘䋺1▎ᚲ A B M C D 㔚Ḯ䊤䉟䊮 䉶䊮䉰䊶㔚Ḯ䊤䉟䊮 Ⴧ⸳᷹ⷰὐ ᷹ⷰὐ ፣უ⊒↢ (1972ᐕ) ፣უ⊒↢ (1999ᐕ) ㊀ⷐᢥൻ⽷
2006 ᐕᐲ߆ࠄ⸘᷹ὐߩᄙὐൻࠍታ ᣉߒޔࠃࠅᐢ▸࿐ߢ⚦ߥᢳ㕙ߩ᷹ⷰ ࠍⴕ߁ߚߦ࠺࠲ㅢା㓸ᯏ⢻ࠍ ᒝൻߒߚࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ᭴▽ߒߚޕ࿑2 ߦ ᄙὐ⸘᷹ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⸳⟎⟎ࠍ␜ߔޕ ࿑2 ߦߪޔㆊߩ፣უ▎ᚲ߽␜ߒߡ ࠆޕ߹ߚޔ⸘᷹ᯏེ⸳⟎ߦవ┙ߞߡ᷹ ㊂߅ࠃ߮◲ᤃ⽾⹜㛎ࠍⴕߞߚޕ࿑ 3 ߪ⾰ᢿ㕙࿑߅ࠃ߮⸘᷹ᯏེߩ⸳⟎ ⟎ࠍ␜ߒߡࠆޕ࿁ޔኻ⽎ᢳ㕙ߦ߅ ߡ4 ▎ᚲߢ◲ᤃ⽾⹜㛎ࠍⴕߞߡ߅ ࠅޔߘߩ⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦၮ⋚㕙ࠍផቯߒ ߚޕ⸘᷹⟎ߦ߅ߌࠆ㕙߆ࠄᗐቯ ၮ⋚㕙߹ߢߩᷓߐߪޔ⚂120cm ߢߞ ߚޕ ὐM ߪޔ2004 ᐕᐲߦ⸘᷹ࠍ㐿ᆎ ߒߚὐߢࠆޕ౮⌀ 1 ߦὐ M ߩ ⸘᷹ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ⸳⟎⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߔޕ࠹ࡦࠪ ࠝࡔ࠲㧔20ޔ40ޔ60ޔ80ޔ100cm ߩ ᷓߐߦ⸘5 ᧄ㧕ޔ᷷ᐲ⸘㧔10ޔ20ޔ30cm ߩᷓߐߦ3 ᧄ㧕ޔォୟ߹ߔᑼ㔎㊂⸘߇⸳ ⟎ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅޔ㑆㓗᳓ޔਛ᷷ᐲޔ 10 ಽ㑆㔎㊂ߩ⸘᷹ࠍⴕߞߡࠆޕჇ⸳ ߒߚ⸘᷹ὐA㨪D ߦߪޔ࠹ࡦࠪࠝࡔ ࠲㧔40ޔ80ޔ100cm ߩᷓߐߦ⸘ 3 ᧄ㧕ޔ ᷷ᐲ⸘㧔0ޔ20ޔ40cm ߩᷓߐߦ 3 ᧄ㧕 ߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߡࠆޕ࠹ࡦࠪࠝࡔ࠲ߪޔ ࡒ࠶ࠢߩࡐࠬࠞ࠶ࡊࠍਛߦၒ⸳ߒޔࡄࠗࡊ߿࠴ ࡘࡉࠍߒߡജ⸘ࠍߟߥ߉ޔౝㇱࠍ⣕᳇᳓ߢḩߚߒߚ߽ ߩߢࠆ4)ޔ5)ޕࡒ࠶ࠢࡐࠬࠞ࠶ࡊㇱಽߢޔਛߩ 㑆㓗᳓ߣ࠹ࡦࠪࠝࡔ࠲ౝߩ⣕᳇᳓ߩജ߇ᐔⴧߔࠆߎߣ ߦࠃࠅޔജࡦࠨߦࠃߞߡਛߩ㑆㓗᳓ࠍ⸘᷹ߔࠆߎߣ ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕ߹ߚޔ࠹ࡦࠪࠝࡔ࠲ㇱߩ᳓࠲ࡦࠢㇱߪޔ࠹ࡦ ࠪࠝࡔ࠲ߩജࡦࠨ߇㒐᳓ടᎿߐࠇߡߥߎߣߣ᳓࠲ ࡦࠢㇱߦ⋥ᣣశ߇ᒰߚࠆߎߣߦࠃࠆᣣᦼߩᄌേࠍᛥ߃ࠆ ߎߣ߆ࠄᢿᾲࠠࡖ࠶ࡊߢⷒߞߡࠆ㧔౮⌀ 1㧕ޕ߹ߚޔὐ Bޔ MޔC ߦᴪߞߡశࡈࠔࠗࡃࡦࠨ߇ 5 ᧄ㧔1 ᧄ 1m㧕⸳⟎ߐࠇ ߡ߅ࠅޔ⋚㕙ߩᄌࠍ⸘᷹ߒߡࠆޕ ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ㔚Ḯߪޔᢳ㕙ߦᑪ⸳ߐࠇߡࠆᯏ᪾ቶࠃࠅଏ⛎ ߐࠇߡࠆޕ࠺࠲ߪޔ10 ಽ㑆㓒ߢขᓧߒߡ߅ࠅޔ৻ᣤޔᯏ ᪾ቶౝߩ PC ߦሽߐࠇޔߘߩᓟޔኹോᚲ߳ή✢ㅢାߦࠃࠅ ࠺࠲߇ォㅍߐࠇࠆޕᦨ⚳⊛ߦ࠺࠲ߪweb ࠨࠗ࠻ߦ␜ ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅޔ㆙㓒ࠃࠅᢳ㕙ߩ⁁ᴫࠍ⋙ⷞߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ ࠆޕ ࿑4 ߪޔ2006 ᐕ 11 ߩ M ὐߦ߅ߌࠆ㑆㓗᳓߅ࠃ߮ 10 ಽ㑆㔎㊂ߩᤨ♽ᄌൻࠍ␜ߒߡࠆޕਛ᷷ᐲߦߟߡߪޔ ⸘ེ᷹ᒛᎿᦼߦ࠺࠲ߪᓧࠄࠇߡߥޕ࿑ࠃࠅޔ 11 ᣨߪޔ߶ߣࠎߤ㔎߇㒠ߞߡ߅ࠄߕᢳ㕙ߩ⋚ߪੇ῎ߒߡ߅ࠅޔ㑆㓗᳓ߩ୯߽ዊߐ୯ࠍ␜ߒߡࠆޕ ౮⌀ 1 ⸘᷹ᯏེ⸳⟎⁁ᴫ㧔M ὐ㧕 ࠹ࡦࠪࠝࡔ࠲ 㔎㊂⸘ ᷹ቯBOX శࡈࠔࠗࡃࡦࠨ 0F୯ ⽾ᷓᐲ O &. O ὐ㧦- ᷓᐲEO ⽾ᷓᐲ O &. O ὐ㧦- ᷓᐲ EO 0F୯ ᷓᐲ EO ὐ㧦- &. O ⽾ᷓᐲ O 0F୯ 0F୯ ⽾ᷓᐲ O &. O ὐ㧦- ᷓᐲ EO - - - - 0F୯ &. O &. O &. O ၮ⋚ጀ ፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛ ⸘᷹⟎ M B C 㧔 ᐕ㨪㧕 ⸘᷹⟎㧔 ᐕ㨪㧕 ⸘᷹⟎㧔 ᐕ㨪㧕 ⸘᷹⟎㧔 ᐕ㨪㧕 ࿑3 ⾰ᢿ㕙࿑߅ࠃ߮⸘᷹⟎
11 9 ᣣߦߪޔ࠹ࡦࠪࠝࡔ࠲ౝߩ⣕᳇᳓߇ᛮߌߡߚߚޔ⣕᳇᳓ߩ⛎ࠍⴕߞߚޕߘߩߚޔ0kPa ⒟ᐲ ߹ߢ㑆㓗᳓߇ߒߡࠆޕࡔࡦ࠹࠽ࡦࠬ⚳ੌᓟߦߪޔ㑆㓗᳓߇ᕆỗߦૐਅߒޔࡔࡦ࠹࠽ࡦࠬએ೨ߩ୯ ߦᚯࠈ߁ߣߒߡࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆޕ࠺࠲ߦߪޔ1 ࡩ㑆ࠍㅢߒߡࡁࠗ࠭߇ࠄࠇࠆޕߎߩ⽎ߪޔ2006 ᐕ 8 22 ᣣߩ⪭㔗ߦ߁ᯏེߩ㓚ߦޔᯏེߩୃ❲ࠍⴕߞߡ߆ࠄ 2007 ᐕ 1 ߹ߢ↢ߓߚޕ ⸘᷹ὐߦ߅ߡޔ11 11 ᣣޔ19 ᣣޔ26 ᣣߦ㔎߇㒠ߞߡ߅ࠅޔ㔎᳓ߩᶐㅘߦ߁㑆㓗᳓ߩჇട߇ࠄ ࠇࠆޕ㒠㔎⚳ੌᓟߪޔ㔎᳓ߩᶐㅘ߅ࠃ߮⫳⊒ߦ㑆㓗᳓ߩ࿁ᓳ㧔ᷫዋ㧕߇ࠄࠇࠆޕᧄࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߪޔ ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻߦ⌕⋡ߒޔᢳ㕙ߩቯᕈߩ⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁ޕ 㧠㧚㒠㔎ᒝᐲߩᶐㅘ․ᕈߦኻߔࠆᓇ㗀 ㅀߩࠃ߁ߦޔ2004 ᐕ 7 ߆ࠄ M ὐߦ߅ߡ㑆㓗᳓ߩ⸘᷹ࠍⴕߞߡ߈ߡࠆޕߎߩ⸘᷹⚿ᨐ߆ࠄޔ ࿑5 ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦㅪ⛯㔎㊂߇ห⒟ᐲߢߞߡ߽ᤨ㑆㔎㊂ 3.5mm/hour એߩ㔎߇㒠ߞߚ႐วߦᷓߐ 100cm ߩ -10-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -10 1 20cm 40cm 60cm 80cm 100cm 㑆㓗᳓ (k Pa ) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 5 10 15 20 0 360 720 1080 1440 1800 2160 2520 2880 10ಽ㑆㔎㊂ ㅪ⛯㔎㊂ 10 ಽ㑆㔎 ㊂ (mm/1 0min) ㅪ⛯ 㔎 ㊂ ( mm) 㒠㔎⛮⛯ᤨ㑆(min) -10-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -10 1 20cm 40cm 60cm 80cm 100cm 㑆㓗᳓ (k Pa ) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 5 10 15 20 0 180 360 540 720 900 10ಽ㑆㔎㊂ ㅪ⛯㔎㊂ 10 ಽ㑆㔎 ㊂ (mm/1 0min) ㅪ⛯㔎 ㊂ (mm) 㒠㔎⛮⛯ᤨ㑆(min) (a) 㒠㔎ᒝᐲ߇ዊߐ႐ว㧔2004 ᐕ 11 18 ᣣ㧕 (b) 㒠㔎ᒝᐲ߇ᄢ߈႐ว㧔2004 ᐕ 11 12 ᣣ㧕 ࿑5 㒠㔎ࡄ࠲ࡦߩ㆑ߦࠃࠆ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻߩะ㧔M ὐ㧕 /EO /EO /EO /EO /EO 㑆㓗᳓㧔M2C 㔎㊂㧔OO O KP ᤨ㑆 ࿑4 㑆㓗᳓߅ࠃ߮ 10 ಽ㑆㔎㊂ߩᤨ♽ᄌൻ㧔M ὐ㧦2006 ᐕ 11 㧕
㑆㓗᳓߇ઁߩᵻὐߩ㑆㓗᳓ࠃࠅ߽వߦჇടߔࠆะ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ3)ޕߎߩⷐ࿃ߣߒߡޔ࿑3 ߩጀᢿ 㕙࿑ߦ߅ߡፗ㍙ၸⓍ‛ߩෘߐ߇90㨪200cm ⒟ᐲߢࠆߎߣ߆ࠄޔM ὐㇱ߆ࠄᶐㅘߒߚ㔎᳓߇ၮ⋚ጀߦ ᴪߞߡᵹࠇߡߊࠆᓇ㗀߇ផ᷹ߐࠇߚߚޔ2006 ᐕ 7 ߆ࠄኻ⽎ᢳ㕙ߩ❑ᢿᣇะߦኻߒߡ⸘᷹ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ ᄙὐൻࠍⴕߞߚޕᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪޔᄙὐൻߒߚ⸘᷹⚿ᨐߦၮߠ߈ޔ㒠㔎ࡄ࠲ࡦߩ㆑ߦࠃࠆ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻ ะߦߟߡᬌ⸛߅ࠃ߮⠨ኤߔࠆޕ ࿑6(a)ޔ(b)ߦ 2006 ᐕ 11 26 ᣣߣ 11 ᣣߩᄙὐ⸘᷹⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒߡࠆޕߎࠇࠄߩ࿑ߪޔ✚㔎㊂ߪหߓߢ ࠆ߇ޔ㔎㊂ᒝᐲ㧔ᤨ㑆㔎㊂㧕߇⇣ߥߞߡࠆ⚿ᨐߢࠆޕߎߎߢޔB ὐߩᷓߐ 40cm ߩ࠺࠲ߪޔ࠹ࡦࠪ ࠝࡔ࠲ߩ⣕᳇᳓߇ቢోߦᛮߌߡ߅ࠅޔ⸘᷹߇ߢ߈ߡߥ߆ߞߚߚޔ࿑߆ࠄ㒰ߒߚޕ߹ߚޔή㒠㔎⁁ᘒ ߇3 ᤨ㑆એ⛯ߚ႐วߦޔㅪ⛯㔎㊂ࠍ 0mm ߣ⸳ቯߒߡࠆޕ ࿑ 6(a)ߪޔ㒠㔎ᒝᐲ߇ዊߐ႐วߩ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻะࠍ␜ߒߡࠆޕߎߩߣ߈ߩᦨᄢᤨ㑆㔎㊂ߪ 2.5mm/hour ߢߞߚޕ࿑ࠃࠅޔB ὐߢߪޔ㑆㓗᳓ߩᔕߪࠄࠇߕޔM ὐߪᷓߐ 20ޔ40cm ߢᄢ߈ߥ ᄌൻ߇ࠄࠇߡࠆޕ߹ߚޔ㒠㔎ᓟ⚂540 ಽએ㒠ߦᷓߐ 60ޔ80cm ߩ㑆㓗᳓߇Ⴧടߒᆎߡࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ ߆ࠆޕC ὐߦ߅ߡߪޔᷓ 100cm ߆ࠄ㑆㓗᳓߇ᔕߒߡࠆޕㇱߦ㒠ߞߚ㔎ߩ㕙ᵹ߇㓸߹ߞߚߎ ߣޔC ὐㄝߦߪጤ⍹߇㔺㗡ߒߡࠆㇱಽ߇ࠅޔ᳓ߺߜ߇ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇ࠆߎߣߥߤ߇ේ࿃ߣߒߡ⠨߃ ࠄࠇࠆޕ ৻ᣇߢޔ࿑6(b)ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߥ㔎㊂ᒝᐲ߇ᄢ߈႐วߦ߅ߡߪޔM ὐߩᷓߐ 100cm ߩ㑆㓗᳓߇ޔᷓߐ (b) 㔎㊂ᒝᐲ߇ᄢ߈႐ว㧔2006 ᐕ 11 11 ᣣ㧕 (a) 㔎㊂ᒝᐲ߇ዊߐ႐ว㧔2006 ᐕ 11 26 ᣣ㧕 ࿑6 㒠㔎ࡄ࠲ࡦߩ㆑ߦࠃࠆ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻะ -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -100 10 B-80cm B-100cm 㑆㓗᳓ 䋨㫂 㪧 㪸䋩 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -100 10 M-20cm M-40cm M-60cm M-80cm M-100cm 㑆㓗᳓ 䋨㫂㪧 㪸䋩 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -100 10 C-40cm C-80cm C-100cm 㑆㓗 ᳓ 䋨㫂㪧 㪸䋩 0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 㪈㪇ಽ㑆㔎㊂ ㅪ⛯㔎㊂ 㪈㪇ಽ㑆㔎 ㊂ ( mm/10 m in .) ㅪ⛯㔎 ㊂ ( mm) ᤨ㑆㩷(min.) -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -100 10 B-80cm B-100cm 㑆㓗᳓ 䋨㫂 㪧 㪸䋩 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -100 10 M-20cm M-40cm M-60cm M-80cm M-100cm 㑆㓗᳓ 䋨㫂 㪧 㪸䋩 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -100 10 C-40cm C-80cm C-100cm 㑆㓗᳓ 䋨㫂 㪧 㪸䋩 0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 㪈㪇ಽ㑆㔎㊂ ㅪ⛯㔎㊂ 㪈㪇ಽ㑆㔎 ㊂ 㩷( mm/1 0min. ) ㅪ⛯㔎 ㊂ ( mm) ᤨ㑆䇭㩿㫄㫀㫅㪅㪀
60cmޔ80cm ߩ㑆㓗᳓ࠃࠅ߽వߦᄌൻߒߡࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆޕߎߎߢޔM ὐࠃࠅ߽ㇱߦࠆ B ὐߩ 㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻߦ⌕⋡ߔࠆߣޔM ὐߦᲧߴᷓߐ 80cm ߅ࠃ߮ 100cm ߩ㑆㓗᳓߇ᣧߊᄌൻߒߡࠆޕߎࠇ ߦࠃࠅޔC ὐߩᷓߐ 100cm ߽ᣧᲑ㓏ߢᄌൻߒߡࠆޕߎࠇࠃࠅޔ㔎㊂ᒝᐲ߇ᄢ߈ߣ㕙߆ࠄ㗅ߦᶐ ㅘߔࠆߛߌߢߪߥߊޔᢳ㕙ㇱ߆ࠄߩᶐㅘߦࠃࠆᓇ㗀߇ࠆߩߢߪߥ߆ߣផ᷹ߐࠇࠆޕ ߎߎߢޔB ߅ࠃ߮ C ὐߩᷓߐ 100cm ߩᄌൻะߦ㑐ߒߡㅪ⛯㔎㊂ߣᦨᄢᤨ㑆㔎㊂ࠍ↪ߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ⚿ᨐޔ B ὐߢߪᐔဋߔࠆߣㅪ⛯㔎㊂ 9.5mmޔᦨᄢᤨ㑆㔎㊂ 4.5mm/hourޔC ὐߢߪㅪ⛯㔎㊂ 8.5mmޔᦨᄢᤨ㑆㔎 ㊂3.5mm/hour એߩߣ߈ߦᷓߐ 100cm ߩ㑆㓗᳓߇Ⴧടߔࠆะࠍ␜ߒߚޕߎࠇߪޔM ὐߩᷓߐ 100cm ߇ㅪ⛯㔎㊂ 7mmޔᦨᄢᤨ㑆㔎㊂ 3.5mm/hour એߣߥߞߚߣ߈ߦ㑆㓗᳓ߩჇട߇↢ߓࠆะ3)ߣૃߚ⚿ᨐ ߢߞߚޕߎߩߎߣ߆ࠄޔᧄኻ⽎ᢳ㕙ߦ߅ߡޔ㒠㔎㊂ߣ㑆㓗᳓࠺࠲߆ࠄᢳ㕙ߩ᳓⁁ᘒࠍࠃࠅᱜ⏕ߦ ᛠីߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕ߹ߚޔᓥ᧪ߩ㔎㊂ᜰᮡߩߺߦࠃࠆᢳ㕙▤ℂၮḰߦਛߩ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻะࠍട߃ ࠆߎߣߢޔࠃࠅ♖ᐲߩ㜞㒠㔎ᤨߩᢳ㕙▤ℂࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕ 㧡㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪޔ㒠㔎ᤨߩᢳ㕙፣უߦኻߔࠆ㒐ἴࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩⷐߦߟߡㅀߴޔ੩ㇺᏒ᧲ጊጊ㣽ߩ㊀ⷐᢥൻ⽷ ㄝᢳ㕙ߢታᣉߒߡࠆᄙὐࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣ⚿ᨐߦߟߡ⠨ኤࠍⴕߞߚޕ ᄙὐൻߒߚ⸘᷹⚿ᨐߦၮߠߚ㒠㔎ࡄ࠲ࡦߩ㆑ߦࠃࠆ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻะߦ㑐ߔࠆ⠨ኤߦࠃࠅޔM ὐߦ߅ߌࠆᷓߐ100cm ߩ㑆㓗᳓ߩേ߇ᢳ㕙ㇱ߆ࠄߩᶐㅘߦࠃࠆᓇ㗀ߦࠃࠆ߽ߩߢߪߥ߆ߣ߁ߎߣ ߇ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚޕ߹ߚޔᷓߐ100cm ߩ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻะߣ㔎㊂ᜰᮡ㧔ㅪ⛯㔎㊂߅ࠃ߮ᦨᄢᤨ㑆㔎㊂㧕ߩ 㑐ଥ߇ޔኻ⽎ᢳ㕙ߩ⇣ߥࠆ⸘᷹ὐߦ߅ߡޔ߶߷㘃ૃߒߚะࠍ␜ߒߡࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚޕߎߩߎߣ߆ ࠄޔᧄኻ⽎ᢳ㕙ߦ߅ߡޔ㒠㔎㊂ߣ㑆㓗᳓࠺࠲߆ࠄᢳ㕙ߩ᳓⁁ᘒࠍࠃࠅᱜ⏕ߦᛠីߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ޔ ᓥ᧪ߩ㔎㊂ᜰᮡߩߺߦࠃࠆᢳ㕙▤ℂၮḰߦਛߩ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻะࠍട߃ࠆߎߣߢޔࠃࠅ♖ᐲߩ㜞㒠㔎 ᤨߩᢳ㕙▤ℂࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕߚߛߒޔᧄ⺰ᢥߦ߅ߌࠆ㑆㓗᳓ߩᄌൻะߪޔᧄኻ⽎ᢳ 㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ․⇣ߥᷫዋߢࠆน⢻ᕈ߇㜞ޕࠃࠅ৻⥸ᕈߩࠆ㑆㓗᳓ࠍ↪ߚᢳ㕙▤ℂᚻᴺࠍឭ᩺ߔࠆߚ ߦߪޔ࠺࠲ߩಽᨆ߅ࠃ߮⇣ߥࠆᒻ⾰ࠍᜬߟᢳ㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ⸘᷹ࠍታᣉߒߡߊᔅⷐ߇ࠆޕ ᓟޔᢳ㕙ࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣߣᢙ୯ࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦࠍᯏ⊛ߦ⚿߮ߟߌࠆߎߣߢᷫἴ㒐ἴߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߎߣ ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢߪߥ߆ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕ ෳ⠨ᢥ₂
1) R. Kitamura, K. Sako and K. Matsuo: A research strategy for prediction of slope failures due to heavy rain, Proc. of 12th Asian Regional Conference, pp.1535-1538, 2003.
2) ᧻የ㈬൬৻ᚑർ⦟㧦ᢳ㕙፣უ੍⍮ᚢ⇛-ධᎺࠪࠬᏪࠍߣߒߡ-㧘⥄ὼἴኂ⑼ቇ㧔ᣣᧄ ⥄ὼἴኂቇળ㧕㧘╙21 Ꮞ 1 ภ㧘pp.25-33, 2002㧚 3) ㈬൬৻ᚑᷓᎹ⦟৻ጤፒ⾫৻㉿⍮ᤘᎹ㇚ᄦ㧦㒠㔎ᤨߩᢳ㕙ἴኂ㒐ᱛߩߚߩ㊀ⷐᢥൻ⽷ㄝᢳ 㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆࡕ࠾࠲ࡦࠣ, ⋚Ꮏቇࠫࡖ࠽࡞, Vol.1, No.3, pp.57-69, 2006. 4) ⋚Ꮏቇળ ਇ㘻⋚ߩേߣ⹏ଔ✬㓸ᆔຬળ✬㧦ਇ㘻⋚ߩേߣ⹏ଔ, p.14-17, 2004. 5) ർ⦟Ꮉ↰ታ㒙ㇱᑝผၔᧄ৻⟵ኹථ㧦⍾⾰⋚ߢߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩ⸘᷹ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ㐿⊒㧘ᧁ ቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸, No.652/Υ-51, pp.287-292, 2000.
