1
Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ㜵⅏ㄽᩥ㞟 Vol. 7㸦2013ᖺ7᭶㸧 ࠙ㄽᩥࠚ
ఏ⤫ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏≀ࡢయᯫᵓࣔࢹࣝ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
Numerical Study on the Whole Structural Model of Traditional Wooden Structure
ྜྷᐩಙኴ
1࣭ᑿᓮカᛂ
2࣭ྥᆓᜤ
3Shinta Yoshitomi, Norio Osaki and Kyosuke Mukaibo
1❧㤋Ꮫᩍᤵ ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊ᘓ⠏㒔ᕷࢹࢨࣥᏛ⛉㸦ࠛ525-8577 ㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧
Associate Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Architecture and Urban Engineering
2ඖ❧㤋ᏛᏛ㝔ಟኈㄢ⛬Ꮫ⏕ ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉⎔ቃ㒔ᕷᑓᨷ㸦ࠛ525-8577 ㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧
Graduate Student, Ritsumeikan University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering
3❧㤋Ꮫຓᩍ ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊ᘓ⠏㒔ᕷࢹࢨࣥᏛ⛉㸦ࠛ525-8577 ㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧
Assistant Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Architecture and Urban Engineering
In this paper, some static and dyanamic response analyses are performed using detailed 3D structural model of traditional wooden structure. Though several models of joints of wooden members have been proposed, characteristics of whole structural model of traditional wooden structure have not been examined sufficiently. Therefore, a model of Amida-do at Higashi Honganji is used as an example of traditional wooden structure with large roof and some response analysis is demonstrated. In the previous investigation on the earthquake-resistant performance of Amida-do, buckling of a column have been reported. A cause of this phenomenon is examined by using of detailed 3D model.
Keywords : traditional wooden structure, buckling of column, whole structural model
㸯㸬ᗎ ㏆ᖺⓎ⏕ࡀᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿᕧᆅ㟈ᑐࡋ࡚㸪Ṕྐⓗ౯್ࢆᣢࡘఏ⤫ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏ࡢ⪏㟈ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡣ㔜せ࡞ㄢ 㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ఏ⤫ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏ࡢᵓ㐀ࡣᶵᵓࡀ」㞧࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪⌧≧࡛ࡣᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏ࡢᵓ㐀≉ᛶࡀ༑ ศゎ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸㸬࠶ࡽࡺࡿᘓ≀ᑐࡋ࡚ㄪᰝࡸᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࡢࡣ⌧ᐇⓗ࡛࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ゎᯒࣔ ࢹࣝࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ࡚ィ⟬ᶵୖ᳨࡛ウࡍࡿࡇࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⢭ᗘࡢⰋ࠸ゎᯒࣔࢹࣝࡢ☜❧ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿ㸬 ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏≀ࡢࣔࢹࣝ㛵ࡋ࡚㸪ᘓ≀ࡢ㒊ศࡢヲ⣽࡞ࣔࢹࣝࡢ◊✲ࡣ┒ࢇ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬యࡢᣲື ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ㝿ࡣ㸪㒊ศࡢヲ⣽ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚ᘓ≀యࢆࣔࢹࣝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠼ࡤ1,2)㸬⡿⏣࣭ᑠ 1)ࡣࠊ ᐇᅾࡢఏ⤫ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚㸪ྛ⪏ຊせ⣲ࢆࣔࢹࣝࡋᅛ᭷್ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸㸪ゎᯒ⤖ᯝᐇ ࡋࡓᅛ᭷࿘ ᮇࡢẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪ᐇㄪᰝゎᯒ⤖ᯝ࡛ᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ࣮ࣔࢻ㛫ࡢẚࡣⰋࡃᑐᛂࡍࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ఏ⤫ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏≀ࡢయᯫᵓࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓ㐀ゎᯒࡢ㐺⏝ࡋ࡚㸪ᅜᐆ၈ᣍᥦᑎ㔠ᇽࡢಟᕤ 3)ࡀ࠶ ࡿ㸬ࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪㐺⏝ࡣࡲࡔᑡ࡞ࡃᘓ≀యࡢࣔࢹࣝࡢ᳨ウࡣ⌧≧࡛ࡣ༑ศ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬 ࡉࡽ㸪ᒇ᰿ࡣ㍈⤌ẚ࡚ᱱ㸪᮰㸪㈏࡞ከࡃࡢ㒊ᮦࡀ」㞧ධࡾ⤌ࢇࡔ๛ᛶࡢ㧗࠸ᵓ㐀య࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᒇ ᰿ᯫᵓ╔┠ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡶ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ࠼ࡤ4-6) 㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣ୍యࡋࡓ㸯㉁Ⅼ⣔ࣔࢹࣝࡋ࡚ᢅࢃࢀࡿ ࡇࡀከ࠸㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᰕస⏝ࡍࡿᑠᒇ⤌➼ࡢᒇ᰿Ⲵ㔜ࢆᰕࡢᨭ㓄ᒇ᰿㠃✚ࡢྜ࡛༢⣧㞟ィࡍࡿࡇࡀከ ࠸㸬ࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ఏ⤫ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏ࡢ」㞧࡞ᑠᒇ⤌➼ࡢᒇ᰿ᯫᵓࡢᆅ㟈ᣲືࡸᒇ᰿ࡢⲴ㔜ఏ㐩㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ㸪ᒇ᰿ᵓ㐀ࡢຊᏛⓗᣲືࡀ᫂ࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡣゝ࠸㞴࠸㸬 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣ㸪つᶍ࡞ᒇ᰿ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿఏ⤫ⓗᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏ࡘ࠸࡚㸪యᯫᵓࣔࢹࣝࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ࡚㸪㟼ⓗ㖄┤ Ⲵ㔜ࡢఏ㐩≉ᛶࡸᆅ㟈ࡢᒇ᰿ᣲືࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࡇ࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ఏ⤫ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏≀ࡢ୰࡛ࡶ −105−
① ② ③ ⑥ ⑤ ④ ࡁ࡞ᒇ᰿ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿᮾᮏ㢪ᑎ㜿ᘺ㝀ᇽࢆᑐ㇟ᘓ≀ࡍࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛⪏㟈ㄪᰝࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㝿ほᐹࡉࢀࡓᰕ ᗙᒅ 7)ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ᐇ≧ἣࢆࣔࢹࣝྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡇ࡛㸪Ⲵ㔜ఏ㐩⤒㊰ࡢ᳨ウࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡉࡽ㸪ᆅ㟈ࡢᘓ≀ యࡢኚᙧᣲືࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ウࢆ⾜࠺㸬 㸰㸬యᯫᵓࣔࢹࣝࡘ࠸࡚ ᵓ㐀ゎᯒࢯࣇࢺ MIDAS Gen ࢆ⏝ࡋ㸪ᮾᮏ㢪ᑎ㜿ᘺ㝀ᇽࡢయᯫᵓࢆࣔࢹࣝࡋࡓᅗ㸯ࡢ 3 ḟඖ❧యࣔ ࢹࣝࢆసᡂࡍࡿ㸬ࣔࢹࣝ᪉㔪ࡘ࠸࡚௨ୗ♧ࡍ㸬 1) ኳ㸪ᗋ㸪ቨ㸪ᒇ᰿ᯈ➼ࡢᯈせ⣲ࡣࣔࢹࣝࡋ࡞࠸㸬 2) ᰕ⬮ࡣ㸪࡚ࣆࣥᨭᣢࡍࡿ㸬 3) ᥋ྜ㒊ࡣ༙๛᥋ࡲࡓࡣࣆࣥ᥋ྜࡍࡿ㸬༙๛᥋࡛ࡣ㸪㒊ᮦ➃㒊ࡢ᭤ࡆ๛ᛶࢆ 50㸣పῶࡍࡿ㸬 4) ➼᪉ᛶᮦᩱࢆ௬ᐃࡋ㸪ᮌᮦࡢᙎᛶᐃᩘࡣ㸪10.5kN/mm2㸪ẚ㔜ࡣ 4.9kN/m3ࡋࡓ㸬 ᮌ㐀ᘓ≀ࡢᛂ⟅ࡢᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞ホ౯ࡣ㸪ᮦᩱࡢ␗᪉ᛶ㸪᥋ྜ㒊ࡢ㠀⥺ᙧ≉ᛶ㸪ቨࡢࣔࢹࣝ㸪ഴᩳඖຊࡢ ⪃៖ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪≉యᯫᵓࣔࢹࣝࡢᒇ᰿ᯫᵓ╔┠ࡋ࡚㸪ᐃᛶⓗ࡞᳨ウࢆ┠ⓗࡋ࡚࠾ ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㡯┠ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ⪃៖ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ᚑࡗ࡚㸪ᮏᵓ㐀ࡢࡓࡿᢠせ⣲ࡣ㈏ࡸཱྀࡢᅇ㌿ᢠࡢࡳ ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪༙๛᥋ࢆ๛᥋ࡋ࡚ࡶゎᯒ⤖ᯝࡢᐃᛶⓗ࡞ഴྥࡣኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ᛂ⟅ゎᯒࡣ㖄┤Ⲵ㔜ᑐࡍࡿ㟼ⓗゎᯒࡼࡾホ౯ࡍࡿ㸬㟼ⓗゎᯒࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᒇ᰿Ⲵ㔜ࡀࡢࡼ࠺ఏ㐩 ࡍࡿࡢࡘ࠸࡚㸪᱖ᮌࡢᙳ㡪㸪ᨭⅬຊ㸪ᰕࡢᛂຊศᕸࡽ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿ㸬ᒇ᰿㠃༢ Ⲵ㔜ࡣ㸪᪤ ࡢㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࡢ್ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬༢Ⲵ㔜ࡢ್ࡣᅗ 2 グࡍ㸬ᒇ᰿㠃ࡣ㸪⎰㸪ⵌᅵ㸪ᱞᮌ㸪ᅵᒃⵌ㸪 㔝ᆅᑠ⯙㸪㔝ᆶᮌࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ㸬㌺ኳࡣ㸪ᆶᮌ㸪ຊᆶᮌ㸪㔝ᆅᯈ㸪ࡑࡢࢆྵࡵࡓᩘ್࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ືⓗゎᯒࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᆅ㟈ࡢᘓ≀యࡢᣲືࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿ㸬≉㸪ᑠᒇ⤌㸪᱖ᮌࡢ ᣲືὀ┠ࡋ࡚⪃ᐹࢆ⾜࠺㸬้Ṕᛂ⟅ゎᯒࡣ El Centro NS 1940 ཎἼ࠾ࡼࡧ JMA ⚄ᡞ NS 1995 ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ㸬 ᅗ 1 ゎᯒࣔࢹࣝ ᅗ 2 ᒇ᰿㠃ศ㢮 㸱㸬㟼ⓗ㖄┤Ⲵ㔜ᑐࡍࡿᣲື 㟼ⓗ࡞ᒇ᰿Ⲵ㔜ᑐࡍࡿ㖄┤᪉ྥࡢᨭⅬຊࢆᅗ 3 ♧ࡍ㸬⥙ࡀࡅࡢእ࿘ᰕຊࡀὶࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศ ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪᱖ᮌඛ➃㌺Ⲵ㔜ࡀస⏝ࡋ㸪᱖ᮌࡢᘓ≀ഃ࡛ୖ㊴ࡡୖࡆࡿຊࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇ࡛㸪ෆഃࡢᰕࡢ ㍈ຊࡀ㍍ῶࡉࢀ㸪㏫ᨭⅬ࡞ࡿእ࿘ᰕ㍈ຊࡀ㞟୰ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡿ㸦ᅗ 4㸧㸬୍⯡ⓗ࡞࣮࣓ࣛࣥᵓ㐀࡛ࡣ ᰕࡢᨭ㓄㠃✚࡛㈇ᢸⲴ㔜ࢆ✚⟬ࡍࡿ⡆᫆ホ౯ἲࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪ఏ⤫ᮌ㐀࡛ࡣ㐺ษ࡛࡞࠸ࡇࡀࢃࡿ㸬 ᅗ 3 ຊ(kN) ᅗ 4 ᱖ᮌࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ ᅗ 5 ㌺ඛ➃㖄┤᪉ྥኚ ㌺Ⲵ㔜 ㍈ຊቑຍ ᨭⅬ ㍈ຊῶᑡ ᱖ᮌ ㊴䛽ୖ䛢ຊ -7 -6 -5 -4 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 㖄┤ኚ (c m) ィ ሙᡤ ࣭ձղ㸸ᒇ᰿㠃Ⲵ㔜 ࣭ճ㹼ն㸸ᒇ᰿㸩㌺ኳⲴ㔜 X Y kN/m2 ᒇ᰿㠃 3.52 ㌺ኳ 1.18 −106−
3 ᅗ 5 㸪㌺ඛ➃⨨ࡢ㖄┤ኚࢆ♧ࡍ㸬᭱ᑠ್ࡣ 4.3cm㸪್᭱ࡣ 6.3cm ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᅄ㝮ࡢ㖄┤ኚࡀࡁ ࠸ࡇࡀศࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪୰ኸ㒊ࡣ㒊ᮦࡀ▷ࡃ๛࡛㸪➃㒊ࡣ㒊ᮦࡀ㛗ࡃᰂ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࡔ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 㸲㸬ᰕᗙᒅⓎ⏕࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウ ᮾᮏ㢪ᑎ㜿ᘺ㝀ᇽ࠾࠸࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓ⪏㟈ㄪᰝ 7)࠾࠸࡚㸪㜿ᘺ㝀ᇽࡢᰕิࡢ୰㸪ෆಽࢀࡢഴᩳ࠾ࡼࡧ᭤ ࡆࡼࡿடࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓᰕࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ 6㸧㸬ᰕᗙᒅࡢ᳨ウ࡛ࡣ㸪ᰕࡢ᩿㠃Ḟᦆࡼࡿ೫ᚰ᭤ࡆࡢᙳ㡪㸪ຊ ᆶᮌ࣭᱖ᮌࡢ᥋ゐࡼࡿᙳ㡪㸪㐣ཤࡢᆅ㟈ࡼࡾ⏕ࡌࡓỈᖹຊࡼࡿ᭤ࡆࡀཎᅉ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡀணࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ຊᆶᮌ࣭᱖ᮌࡢ᥋ゐࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ศᯒࡍࡿ㸬 ᅗ 6 ᰕᗙᒅ7) ᱖ᮌ⤌≀ࡢ᥋ゐࡀཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 ᅗ 1 ࡢ❧యࣔࢹࣝ࠾࠸࡚㸪ᅗ 6 ࡢ⤌≀᱖ᮌࡢ᥋ゐ⟠ᡤࢆ⌧ࡋࡓࣔࢹࣝࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺㸬ẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵ㸪 ⤌≀᱖ᮌࡢ᥋ゐࡢ࡞࠸ࣔࢹࣝࡢゎᯒࡶ⾜࠺㸬᱖ᮌ⤌≀ࡢ᥋ゐࡢ᭷↓ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢࡳ╔┠ࡋ࡚㸪ᠿ㏻ࡾ ࡢ㠀᥋ゐ⤌≀ࡣᰕࡢ᩿㠃Ḟᦆࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚⤌≀ࡣ↓どࡋ㸪㏻ࡾࡢ⤌≀ࡣࢺࣛࢫᮦࡋ㸪㠀᥋ゐࡣ 1 ᮏ㸪᥋ ゐࡣ 3 ᮏࡢࢺࣛࢫᮦ࡛ࣔࢹࣝࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 7,8㸧㸬 ᅗ 7㸪8 ⤌≀ࡢ᥋ゐࡢ࡞࠸ሙྜ࠶ࡿሙྜࡢኚ⤌ྜࢃࡏᛂຊᗘࢆ♧ࡍ㸬᥋ゐࡢษḞࡁᰕࡢỈᖹኚ ࡀ㸪᥋ゐ࡞ࡋࡢሙྜẚ 0.7cm ቑ(ᅗ 8(a))࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ᰕษḞࡁ㒊ࡢᛂຊࡶቑຍࡋࡓ(ᅗ 8(b))㸬᱖ᮌ⤌≀ ࡢ᥋ゐࡼࡾỈᖹⲴ㔜ఏ㐩ࡀ⏕ࡌ㸪ෆಽࢀࡀ⏕ࡌ㸪༙≧ษࡾḞ࠸ࡓᰕࡢᛂຊࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬 ᅗ 3 ࡢຊࡼࡾ㸪⤌≀᱖ᮌࡢ᥋ゐࡢ⏕ࡌࡿእ࿘㒊ᰕࡁ࡞㍈ຊࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡼࡾỈᖹຊࡢఏ㐩ࡀຓ 㛗ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᅗ 5 ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㸪㛗ᮇⲴ㔜ࡼࡾᒇ᰿ࡢ㖄┤ኚࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡓࡵ㸪⤌≀᱖ᮌࡀ᥋ゐࡋࡓ ࡇࡶணࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛㸪㛗ᮇࡢᒇ᰿Ⲵ㔜ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣෆಽࢀ㔞ࡸ㸪ᰕᛂຊࡢቑຍࡣࡑࢀࡁࡃ࡞࠸ ࡓࡵ㸪ᆅ㟈ࡢືࡢᙳ㡪ࡼࡾࡁ࡞ෆಽࢀࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪ḟ⠇࡛ࡣᆅ㟈ࡢᒇ᰿ᣲືࡘ ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿ㸬 (a) ኚᙧ(cm) (b) ⤌ྜࡏᛂຊᗘ(N/mm2 ) (a) ኚᙧ(cm) (b) ⤌ྜࡏᛂຊᗘ(N/mm2 ) ᅗ 7 ⤌≀᥋ゐ࡞ࡋ ᅗ 8 ⤌≀᥋ゐ࠶ࡾ (2) ᆅ㟈ᣲື ᆅ㟈ࡢᒇ᰿ࡢᣲືࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᅗ 9 ♧ࡍࡼ࠺᱖ᮌඛ➃㒊ཬࡧ㌺ඛ➃㒊 1 ࡽ 8 ࡢ␒ྕ ࢆࡘࡅ㸪ࡑࡢ⨨࠾ࡅࡿᆅ㟈ࡢᛂ⟅ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲䢢䢲䢰䢲䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢶䢰䢷 䢢䢲䢰䢲䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢵䢰䢴 䢢䢵䢰䢴䢢䢵䢰䢴 䢢䢲䢰䢴 䢢䢳䢰䢲䢢䢲䢰䢴䢢䢲䢰䢴 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢴 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢴 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢯䢲䢰䢶 䢢䢯䢴䢰䢵䢢 䢢䢯䢳䢰䢳䢢 䢢䢯䢸䢰䢲䢢 䢢䢯䢷䢰䢻䢢 䢯䢳䢰䢹䢢 䢯䢲䢰䢳䢢 䢢䢯䢲䢰䢳䢢 䢯䢲䢰䢲䢢䢯 䢢䢯䢴䢰 䢲䢢 䢢䢯䢲䢰 䢳䢢 䢢䢲䢰䢴䢢 䢢䢯䢲䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢯 䢵䢰䢳䢢 䢢䢯䢶䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢯䢲䢰䢴䢢 䢢䢲䢰䢹䢢 䢲䢰䢶 䢢䢯䢷䢰䢲䢢 䢢䢯䢳䢰䢸䢢 䢢䢯䢺䢰䢻䢢 䢢䢯䢳䢰䢳䢢 䢯䢲䢰䢲䢢 䢢䢯䢲䢰䢸 䢢䢳䢰䢸䢢 䢢䢯䢸䢰 䢷 䢢䢯䢳䢰 䢷 䢢䢯䢢 䢢䢯䢢 䢢䢯䢵䢰䢳䢢 䢢䢯䢴䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢵䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢴䢰䢶䢢 䢲䢰 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢲䢰 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢺 䢢䢲䢰䢺䢢䢲䢰䢺 䢢䢴䢰䢵 䢢䢲䢰䢷 䢢䢲䢰䢷 䢢䢳䢰䢶䢢䢳䢰䢸䢢䢳䢰䢸 䢢䢲䢰䢴 䢢䢲䢰䢴 䢢䢲䢰䢳䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢳䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢲 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢳䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢴 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢲䢰䢳 䢲䢰䢳 䢲䢰䢳 䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢴 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢳 䢢䢲䢰䢺 䢢䢲䢰䢴 䢢䢯䢲 䢢䢯䢳䢰䢳䢢 䢢䢯䢲䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢯䢴䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢶䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢯䢴䢰䢵 䢢 䢢䢯䢲䢰䢴 䢢 䢢䢯䢳䢰䢴䢢 䢯䢳䢰䢻䢢 䢢䢯䢵䢰䢷䢢 䢢䢯䢴䢰䢴䢢 䢢䢯䢳䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢯䢵䢰䢲䢢 䢢䢯䢴䢰 䢳䢢䢢䢯䢴䢰䢳䢢 䢢䢯䢲䢰䢷䢢 䢢䢯䢵䢰䢲䢢 䢢䢲䢰䢶䢢 䢲䢰 䢢䢯䢵䢰䢵䢢 䢢䢯䢳䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢯䢸䢰 䢶 䢢䢯䢲䢰 䢺 䢢䢯䢲 䢢䢳䢰䢳䢢 䢢䢯 䢶 䢢䢯䢳 䢢 䢢 䢯䢳䢰䢳䢢 䢢䢯䢳 䢰䢵䢢 䢢䢯䢲䢰䢲䢢 䢢䢯䢶䢰䢶䢢 䢢䢴䢰䢺䢢 䢢䢴䢰䢶䢢 ᠿ ᮍ ㎮ ଢ଼ Ꮚ ᆅ㟈ຊఏ㐩 ⤌≀᥋ゐ ᰕ᩿㠃 ᠿ −107−
4 ᅗ 9 ㌺࣭᱖ᮌ␒ྕ ᅗ 10 ᭱ຍ㏿ᗘ(gal) ᅗ 11 ᭱ኚ(cm) Ỉᖹᆅ㟈ື㸦EL Centro㸧ࢆ X ㍈᪉ྥධຊࡋࡓࡁࡢ㸪᱖ᮌ࣭㌺ඛ➃㒊ࡢ᭱ࡢ㖄┤᪉ྥᛂ⟅ຍ㏿ᗘࢆ ᅗ 10 㸪᭱ࡢ㖄┤᪉ྥᛂ⟅ኚࢆᅗ 11 ♧ࡍ㸬Ỉᖹ᭱ᆅືຍ㏿ᗘ349.9galᑐࡋ࡚᱖ᮌඛ➃㒊ࡢୖୗ ᪉ྥ࡛᭱ 800gal⛬ᗘࡢᛂ⟅ຍ㏿ᗘࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇࡀศࡗࡓ㸬≉ 1㸪8 ␒࡛ᙳ㡪ࡀࡁࡃ㸪ࡇࢀࡀ๓⠇ ࡢᰕᗙᒅᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᆅ㟈ࡢෆಽࢀ㸦㖄┤Ⲵ㔜ࡢෆಽࢀࢆ㝖ࡃ㸧ࡣ㸪⤌≀᱖ᮌࡢ᥋ゐ࡞ ࡋࡢࡀ 0.3cm ᑐࡋ࡚᥋ゐࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ 0.9cm ቑࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪JMA ⚄ᡞࡢᆅືຍ㏿ᗘᑐࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ྠ ᵝࡢഴྥࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ㸬ᚑࡗ࡚㸪๓⠇ࡢ㖄┤Ⲵ㔜ຍ࠼࡚㸪Ỉᖹ᪉ྥࡢᆅ㟈ືࡼࡗ࡚ᰕࡢෆಽࢀࡀຓ㛗ࡉࢀ ࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ㸪㖄┤ᆅ㟈ືࡢධຊࡼࡗ࡚ࡉࡽෆಽࢀࡀᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡿࡇࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ࡲࡓ㸪ᆅ㟈Ⲵ㔜ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㢼Ⲵ㔜ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶྠᵝ࡞⌧㇟ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇࡀண ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᮏㄽ࡛ࡣᮌ㐀యᯫ ᵓࣔࢹࣝࡢᐃᛶⓗ࡞ᛶ㉁ᢕᥱࢆ┠ⓗࡋ࡚ 2 ⠇࡛㏙ࡓ⡆౽࡞タᐃࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸬⌧≧ࡢᦆയࡢཎᅉ࡞ࡗࡓᆅ 㟈ࡸ㢼Ⲵ㔜ࡢࣞ࣋ࣝࢆᐃ㔞ⓗホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣ㸪ࡼࡾᐇྜࢃࡏࡓ⢭⦓࡞ࣔࢹࣝࡍࡿࡇࡀᚋࡢㄢ 㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 㸴㸬⤖ㄽ (1) ᮾᮏ㢪ᑎ㜿ᘺ㝀ᇽࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓఏ⤫ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏≀ࡢయᯫᵓࣔࢹࣝࢆసᡂࡋ㸪ᛂ⟅≉ᛶࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬 (2) 㟼ⓗᒇ᰿Ⲵ㔜ᑐࡍࡿゎᯒ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ㸪࡚ࡇࡢཎ⌮ࡼࡾᨭⅬ࡞ࡿእ࿘㒊ࡢᰕᒇ᰿Ⲵ㔜ࡀ㞟୰ࡋ㸪ᰕ ᨭ㓄㠃✚ࡼࡿⲴ㔜㞟ィࡣᕪࡀࡁ࠸ࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᐇ㝿ほᐹࡉࢀࡓᰕᗙᒅࡢཎᅉࡋ࡚㸬 ᱖ᮌ⤌≀ࡢ᥋ゐࡼࡿỈᖹⲴ㔜ఏ㐩ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓ㸬 (3) ᆅ㟈ᛂ⟅ゎᯒ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ㸪Ỉᖹᆅ㟈ධຊࡼࡾ㸪ᒇ᰿ࡢୖୗືࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇࡀ♧ࡉࢀ㸪ࡇࢀࡼࡾᰕᗙᒅ ࡀຓ㛗ࡉࢀࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓ㸬 ㅰ㎡㸸᪥ᘓタィࡼࡾゎᯒࣔࢹࣝᵓ⠏ᚲせ࡞㈨ᩱࢆᥦ౪㡬࠸ࡓ㸬ࡇࡇグࡋ࡚ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡍࡿ㸬 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ 1)⡿⏣㞙ே, ᑠⰾᮁ㸸ఏ⤫ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᵓ㐀ࣔࢹࣝ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲, ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏ᏛᏛ⾡ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟, pp.443-444, 2005.9 2)୰ᮧ⛅,⏣⩏ṇ㸸ఏ⤫ⓗᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏≀ࡢ⪏㟈ᛶ⬟㛵ࡍࡿゎᯒⓗ◊✲, ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏ᏛᏛ⾡ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟, pp.443-444, 2005.9 3)ዉⰋ┴ᩍ⫱ጤဨົᒁ ᩥ㈈ಖᏑົᡤ㸸ᅜᐆ၈ᣍᥦᑎ㔠ᇽಟ⌮ᕤሗ࿌᭩[Ⰽᙬㄪᰝ࣭ᵓ㐀⿵ᙉㄪᰝ⦅], ዉⰋ┴ ᩍ⫱ጤဨ, 2009.12 4)ᯇ⏣ᫀὒ, ⰼ㔛୍, ⭜ཎᖿ㞝, ᆏᮏຌ㸸Ỉᖹຊఏ㐩ᶵᵓࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓఏ⤫ⓗᮌ㐀ఫᏯࡢᵓ㐀ゎᯒ, ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏ᏛᏛ⾡ ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟, pp.617-618, 2006.9 5)ᇼ⏣┿ᏹ, すᕝⱥభ, す⃝ⱥ㸸ఏ⤫ⓗ♫ᑎᘓ⠏ࡢᑠᒇ⤌ࡢᵓ㐀≉ᛶ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㹼ศ┴ᅄ᪥ᕷู㝔ᮏᇽࢆ㹼㸪 ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏ᏛᏛ⾡ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟㸪pp. 339-340, 2009.7 6)∦ᒸ㟹ኵ㸪ᑠᕝྖ㸪㝯㸸᱖ᮌࡢᵓ㐀ⓗ⪃ᐹ㸪᪥ᮏᘓ⠏ᏛᏛ⾡ㅮ₇᱾ᴫ㞟㸪pp.255-256㸪2002.8 7)ᮾᮏ㢪ᑎ㜿ᘺ㝀ᇽ⪏㟈ㄪᰝ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩㸦2008~2011 ᖺ㸧㸪ᮾᮏ㢪ᑎ⪏㟈ㄪᰝ➼◊✲ጤဨ㸪2011.8 1 8 4 3 5 6 7 2 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ 㖄┤᪉ྥ᭱ ᛂ ⟅ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ⨨␒ྕ ㌺ඛ➃㒊 ᱖ᮌඛ➃㒊 ᭱ᛂ⟅ኚ ⨨␒ྕ ㌺ඛ➃㒊 ᱖ᮌඛ➃㒊 −108−
