JAIST Repository: 参加者の双曲志向が組織的意思決定に及ぼす影響 : 改良ゴミ箱モデルによるシミュレーション

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JAIST Repository

https://dspace.jaist.ac.jp/ Title 参加者の双曲志向が組織的意思決定に及ぼす影響 : 改良ゴミ箱モデルによるシミュレーション Author(s) 安藤, 良祐; 永田, 晃也 Citation 年次学術大会講演要旨集, 34: 642-645 Issue Date 2019-10-26

Type Conference Paper Text version publisher

URL http://hdl.handle.net/10119/16646

Rights

本著作物は研究・イノベーション学会の許可のもとに掲載するものです。This material is posted here with permission of the Japan Society for Research Policy and Innovation Management.

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㸰㹃㸯㸵

ཧຍ⪅ࡢ཮᭤ᚿྥࡀ⤌⧊ⓗពᛮỴᐃ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪

㸫ᨵⰋࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡿࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ㸫

ۑᏳ⸨Ⰻ♸㸦ࢥࣥࢧࣝࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࣇ࢓࣮࣒1㸧㸪Ọ⏣᫭ஓ㸦஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ㸧 [email protected]

࣭せ᪨

⤌⧊䛾ពᛮỴᐃ䝥䝻䝉䝇ゎ᫂䛾䛯䜑䚸ពᛮỴᐃ䝰䝕䝹䜢⏝䛔䛶䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹ᮏ䝰䝕䝹䛻䛿䚸 Cohen, March, and Olsen䠄1972䠅䛻䜘䜛䝂䝭⟽䝰䝕䝹䛻ཧຍ⪅䛾ᚿྥ䠄㛗ᮇᚿྥ䞉▷ᮇᚿྥ䞉཮᭤ᚿྥ䠅䚸㛗ᮇ䞉 ▷ᮇ䛾ၥ㢟ゎỴ䝟䝍䞊䞁䜢᪂䛯䛻⤌䜏ධ䜜䚸䜘䜚⌧ᐇ䛻㏆䛔ពᛮỴᐃ䝰䝕䝹䜢ᵓ⠏䛧䛯䚹䛺䛚䚸䝰䝕䝹ᵓ⠏䛷䛿㧗ᶫ䠄1993䠅䛻䜘䜛 Single Garbage Can Program䠄SGCP䠅䜢ᇶᮏ䛸䛧䛯䚹䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷䛿ཧຍ⪅䛾๭ྜ䚸ၥ 㢟㈇Ⲵ䜢ኚ᭦䛧䚸䛒䛔䜎䛔䛺≧ἣୗ䛷䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺ពᛮỴᐃ䛜䜒䛯䜙䛥䜜䜛䛛᳨ド䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹⤖ᯝ䛸䛧䛶䚸཮᭤ᚿ ྥ䛾ཧຍ⪅๭ྜ䛜ቑຍ䛩䜛䜋䛹▷ᮇⓗ䛺ពᛮỴᐃ䝍䜲䝥䛜ᨭ㓄ⓗ䛸䛺䜛䛣䛸䚸ၥ㢟㈇Ⲵ䛾ቑຍ䛻క䛔▷ᮇⓗ 䛺ពᛮỴᐃ䝍䜲䝥䛜ᨭ㓄ⓗ䛸䛺䜛䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䚹䛣䜜䜘䜚䚸⎔ቃ㈇Ⲵ䛾㧗䛔᮲௳ୗ䛷䛿䚸཮᭤ᚿྥ䜢᭷䛩䜛ཧ ຍ⪅䛾Ꮡᅾ䛜⤌⧊䛾ពᛮỴᐃ䜢㛗ᮇⓗ䛺ྜ⌮ᛶ䛛䜙஋㞳䛥䛫䜛䝥䝻䝉䝇䛜ᶍᨃ䛥䜜䛯䚹

㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

⌧௦♫఍ࡣࠊ௻ᴗࡸᅋయ➼ࡢከᵝ࡞⤌⧊࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿࠋே㛫ࡣ⤌⧊➼ࡢ㞟ᅋࢆ⤌ᡂࡋࠊಶࠎே࡛ࡣゎ Ỵࡢᅔ㞴࡞ㅖၥ㢟ࢆ」ᩘேࡢ༠ຊ࣭༠ാ࡟ࡼࡾゎỴ࡟ᑟࡃࡇ࡜࡛ᩥ᫂ࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ ே㛫ࡢㄆ▱⬟ຊࡸ᝟ሗฎ⌮⬟ຊ࡟ࡣ㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡾಶே࡛ゎỴྍ⬟࡞ၥ㢟ࡣ㝈ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ Simon㸦1947㸧ࡣࠊಶேࡀᣢࡘㄆ▱⬟ຊࡢ㝈⏺࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿពᛮỴᐃࡢࠕ㝈ᐃྜ⌮ᛶࠖࢆ⤌⧊ࡢᏑᅾࡍ ࡿ᰿ᣐ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨௜ࡅࡓ_{[1]ࠋ ᐇ㝿࡟ࠕ㝈ᐃྜ⌮ᛶࠖࡢࡓࡵࠊಶேࡢពᛮỴᐃ࡛ࡣࠊỴᐃ⌮ㄽ࡛グ㏙ࡉ} ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ពᛮỴᐃ࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥࠿ࡽྛ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢࡶࡓࡽࡍ⤖ᯝࢆ⢭ᰝࡋ᭱ࡶ㧗࠸ຠ⏝ࡢ 㑅ᢥ⫥ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊே㛫ࡣ⤌⧊➼ࡢ㞟ᅋ࡟ࡼࡿၥ㢟ゎỴࢆᚿྥࡍࡿ ࡀࠊSimon ௨ᚋࡢ◊✲ࡣࠊ⤌⧊ⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃࡶࡲࡓྜ⌮ᛶࡢ㝈⏺࡟┤㠃ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ Cohen, March, and Olsen㸦1972㸧ࡣ࠶࠸ࡲ࠸࡞≧ἣୗ࡛ࡢ⤌⧊ⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃࡀၥ㢟ゎỴ௨እࡢᖐ⤖࡟࠶ ࡓࡿࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆࠕࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝ㸦Garbage Can Model㸧ࠖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ゎ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ[2]ࠋᐇ㝿࡟⤌⧊ࡢពᛮỴ ᐃࡣෆ㒊⎔ቃ࣭እ㒊⎔ቃࡢ࠶࠸ࡲ࠸ᛶ࠿ࡽ኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿࠋෆ㒊⎔ቃ࡛ࡣࠊ㞠⏝ᙧែࡢኚ໬࡟ࡼࡿ ேᮦࡢὶືᛶ࣭ከᵝ໬ࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࠊ⤌⧊࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢ㑅ዲࡢ㐪࠸➼࠿ࡽ࡝ࡢཧຍ⪅ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ุ᩿࡛ពᛮ Ỵᐃࢆ⾜࠺ࡢ࠿ุ᩿ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊእ㒊⎔ቃ࡛ࡣࠊAI࣭ICT ➼ࡢ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡿᢏ⾡㐍Ṍࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬࡟ࡼࡿ௻ᴗ➇தࡢ⃭໬➼࡟ࡼࡾࠊ〇ရࡸࢺࣞࣥࢻࡢ୙☜ᐇᛶࡣ㧗ࡃࠊ〇ရᡓ␎ࡸ㈍ ኎ᡓ␎ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤖ᯝࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡢ࠿ᐇ⾜ࡍࡿࡲ࡛ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡺ࠼ࠊ࠶࠸ࡲ࠸ᛶࡀ⪃៖ࡉࢀࡓ ࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝࡣ⌧௦♫఍ࡢពᛮỴᐃࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆグ㏙ࡍࡿ᭷ຠ࡞ࣔࢹࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ᗈࡃ฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ௚᪉ࠊ㏆ᖺࡢ⾜ື⤒῭Ꮫࡣಶேࡢᣢࡘ㝈ᐃྜ⌮ᛶࡢᴫᛕࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࠊྜ⌮ᛶ࠿ࡽࡢ஋㞳㸦࢔ࣀ࣐ࣜ㸧 ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᵝࠎ࡞⌮ㄽⓗᯟ⤌ࡳࢆᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ௦⾲ⓗ࡞⌮ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚Ainslie㸦1975㸧ࡢࠕ཮ ᭤๭ᘬࠖࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿ_{[3]ࠋ཮᭤๭ᘬ࡜ࡣࠊᙜึࡣ㛗ᮇᚿྥ࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ▷ᮇⓗ࡟ᑠࡉ࡞ຠ⏝ࡀ┠๓࡟㏕} ࡿ࡜▷ᮇᚿྥ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ⾪ືⓗ࡟▷ᮇⓗ࡞ຠ⏝ࢆ㑅ᢥࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺㑅ዲࡢ㏫㌿⌧㇟㸦཮᭤ᚿྥ㸧ࢆᣦࡍࠋAinslie ࡣࠊே㛫ࡢ᫬㛫๭ᘬ⋡ࡀ᫬㛫࡟౫Ꮡࡏࡎ୍ᐃࡢᣦᩘ㛵ᩘ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ᫬㛫࡟౫Ꮡࡋኚ໬ࡍࡿ཮᭤㛵ᩘ࡛࠶ ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㑅ዲࡢ㏫㌿⌧㇟ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ࡜ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ཮᭤๭ᘬ➼ࠊ⾜ື⤒῭Ꮫࡢ⌮ㄽࡣᇶᮏⓗ࡟ಶ ேࡢ⾜ື࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ࢔ࣀ࣐ࣜࡢㄝ᫂࡟Ṇࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡀ⤌⧊ⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࣉࣟࢭࢫ ࡸࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ཮᭤๭ᘬࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⤌⧊ⓗពᛮỴᐃ࡟ 㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᏳ⸨࣭Ọ⏣㸦㸧࡟ࡼࡿຠ⏝ࡢຍ⟬ຠᯝࠊຠ⏝ࡢపῶᅉᏊ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⪃ᐹࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ ◊✲஦౛ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᑡ࡞࠸>@ࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝ࡟ពᛮỴᐃཧຍ⪅ࡢᚿྥᛶ➼ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓᨵⰋࣔࢹࣝࢆ㛤Ⓨ ࡋࠊಶேࡢᣢࡘ཮᭤ᚿྥ➼ࡀ⤌⧊ⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃࡸၥ㢟ゎỴ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡢ࠿ࢆᶍᨃࡍࡿࠋ 1 ࢹࣟ࢖ࢺ ࢺ࣮࣐ࢶ ࢥࣥࢧࣝࢸ࢕ࣥࢢྜྠ఍♫

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2E17.pdf :2

㸰㸬ࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝ

ࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝࡣࠊࠕ⤌⧊໬ࡉࢀࡓ↓ᨻᗓ≧ែࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⤌⧊ෆࡢពᛮỴᐃࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆᥥࡃࣔࢹ࡛ࣝ࠶ ࡿࠋࠕ⤌⧊໬ࡉࢀࡓ↓ᨻᗓ≧ែࠖ࡜ࡣࠊձၥ㢟ࡢ࠶ࡿ㑅ዲࠊղ୙᫂☜࡞ᢏ⾡ࠊճὶືⓗཧຍ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚≉ ᚩ࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓ⤌⧊ࢆ♧ࡍࠋᐇ㝿ࠊே㛫ࡢ㑅ዲ࡟ࡣ཮᭤ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࠊỴᐃ⌮ㄽࡢࡼ࠺࡞୍㈏ᛶࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ ⌧௦♫఍࡛ࡣᢏ⾡ࡢ୙☜ᐇᛶࡀ㧗ࡃ௻ᴗࡣ⏕ࡁṧࡾᡓ␎ࡸ⏕⏘ᡓ␎࡟ヨ⾜㘒ㄗࡍࡿࡀࠊ⤌⧊࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡀ ࡑࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ⌮ゎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⤌⧊࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡣ᫬㛫ኚ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ពᛮỴᐃ௨ እࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟ࡶὀពࢆᡶ࠺ࡓࡵࠊ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚⤌⧊ቃ⏺ࡣ୙☜ᐃ࠿ࡘኚືࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ ࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⤌⧊ⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃࢆグ㏙ࡍࡿせ⣲࡟ࡣၥ㢟ࠊゎࠊཧຍ⪅ࠊ㑅ᢥᶵ఍ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑ ࡢពᛮỴᐃࡣ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ཧຍ⪅ࠊゎࠊၥ㢟ࡀᢞධࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡛അ↛࡟ᑟࡁฟࡉࢀࡿ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚グ㏙ࡉࢀ ࡿࠋྛせ⣲ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟タᐃࡉࢀࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊせ⣲ࡣ᏶඲࡟⊂❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃ ࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊྛせ⣲ࡣ⊂❧࠿ࡘࠊ⤌⧊࡟࡜ࡗ࡚እ⏕ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ぢ࡞ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ձ ၥ㢟㸦problems㸧㸸ၥ㢟ࡣ⤌⧊ෆእࡢேࠎࡢὀពࢆᘬࡃᠱᛕ஦㡯࡛࠶ࡿࠋಶேࡢࣛ࢖ࣇࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡸ ே㢮ࡢ༴ᶵ➼ࠊᖜᗈࡃᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣᮍゎỴࡢၥ㢟ࡣ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ᢞධࡉࢀࠊ㑅 ᢥᶵ఍ෆࡢၥ㢟ᩘ࡜㈇Ⲵಀᩘ࡟ࡼࡾỴᐃ࡟ᚲせ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸦⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸧ࡀỴࡲࡿࠋ ղ ゎ㸦solutions㸧㸸ゎࡣၥ㢟࡜㛵ಀ࡞ࡃㄡ࠿ࡀ⏕ࡳฟࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆᣦࡍࠋゎࢆ▱ࡿࡲ࡛⤌⧊࡛ゎỴࡍ࡭ ࡁၥ㢟ࡀఱ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣゎಀᩘ࡟ࡼࡾཧຍ⪅ ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ๭ࡾᘬ࠿ࢀࠊ㑅ᢥᶵ఍ࢆゎỴࡍࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸦⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸧ࡀỴࡲࡿࠋ ճ ཧຍ⪅㸦participants㸧㸸ཧຍ⪅ࡣᵝࠎ࡞㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ฟධࡾࡍࡿࠋฟධࡾࡣࠊ㑅ᢥᶵ఍ࡢ≉ᛶ࡟౫Ꮡ ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊཧຍ⪅ࡀ௚ࡢ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟᫬㛫ࢆ౑ࢃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ࡶ౫Ꮡࡍࡿࠋࢩ࣑ࣗࣞ ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣཧຍ⪅ࡣ⮬㌟ࡢᣢࡘ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸦᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸧ࢆ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ᢞධࡍࡿࠋ մ 㑅ᢥᶵ఍㸦_{choice opportunities㸧}㸸⤌⧊ࡀỴᐃ࡜࿧࡭ࡿ⾜ືࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿᶵ఍ࢆᣦࡍࠋ ዎ⣙ࡢ⥾⤖ࠊᚑᴗဨࡢ㞠⏝࣭᪼㐍࣭ゎ㞠ࠊ㔠㖹ࡢᨭฟࠊ㈐௵ࡢศᢸࡀᶵ఍࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠋࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞ ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ၥ㢟ࠊゎࠊཧຍ⪅ࡀᢞධ࣭㏥ฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾỴᐃࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡇࡇ࡛㑅ᢥᶵ఍ࡀỴᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊཧຍ⪅ࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀၥ㢟ࡢ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡜➼ࡋࡃ ࡞ࡿ࠿ࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣ㉸࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ពᛮỴᐃࣔࢹࣝࢆᐃᘧ໬ࡋࠊࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ

㸱㸬ᨵⰋࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝ

௒ᅇࡢヨࡳ࡛ࡣࠊ㧗ᶫ㸦1993㸧ࡢ BASIC ࡟ࡼࡿ Single Garbage Can Program㸦SGCP㸧ࢆᇶᮏ࡟ࠊࡼࡾ ⌧ᐇ࡟༶ࡋࡓࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠺[5]ࠋSGCP ࡛ࡣձ୍ࡘࡢ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ࡢࡳὀ┠ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊղཧຍ⪅ ࡢฟ⌧ࠊ㏥ฟࢆཧຍ⪅࠿ࡽࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀṇࠊ㈇ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡛⾲ࡍࡇ࡜ࠊճၥ㢟ࡢฟ⌧ࠊ㏥ฟࢆࡑࢀ ࡒࢀṇࠊ㈇ࡢᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡛⾲ࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊCohen ࡽࡢࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⡆␎໬ࡋࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙ ࣥࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⌧ᐇࡢពᛮỴᐃ࡟ࡣࠊཧຍ⪅ࡢᚿྥࡀពᛮỴᐃ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࠺ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ຍ࠼ࠊၥ㢟ゎỴ࡟ࡶ⌮᝿ⓗ࡞㛗ᮇゎỴࡸ㏆ど║ⓗ࡞▷ᮇゎỴ➼ࡢゎỴࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡺ࠼ࠊ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ SGCP ࡟ཧຍ⪅ࡢᚿྥࠊၥ㢟ゎỴࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࡓࠋ ࠙ཧຍ⪅ࡢᚿྥࠚ 㛗ᮇᚿྥ 㸸ᖖ࡟ၥ㢟ゎỴ࡟᫬㛫ࢆせࡍࡿ㛗ᮇゎỴࢆᚿྥ ▷ᮇᚿྥ_{㸸ᖖ࡟ၥ㢟ゎỴ࡟᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡞࠸▷ᮇゎỴࢆᚿྥ} ཮᭤ᚿྥ 㸸㛗ᮇゎỴࢆᚿྥࡍࡿࡀ▷ᮇゎỴࡀ┠๓࡟㏕ࡿ࡜▷ᮇゎỴࢆᚿྥ ࠙ၥ㢟ゎỴࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࠚ 㛗ᮇゎỴ 㸸⌮᝿ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ゎỴࡀྍ⬟ࡔࡀ㛗ᮇ㛫ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆせࡍၥ㢟ゎỴ ▷ᮇゎỴ 㸸⌮᝿ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ゎỴ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ▷ᮇ㛫ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛῭ࡴၥ㢟ゎỴ ࡇࡇ࡛཮᭤ᚿྥ࡛ࡣࠊ㏻ᖖࡣ⮬㌟ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆၥ㢟ࡢ㛗ᮇゎỴ࡟฼⏝ࡍࡿࡀࠊ⮬㌟ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝ ࢠ࣮࡛▷ᮇⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃࢆྍ⬟࡞ሙྜࠊ⮬㌟ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆၥ㢟ࡢ▷ᮇゎỴ࡟฼⏝ࡍࡿࡼ࠺᮲௳ࢆ ⤌ࡳࠊ཮᭤ᛶࢆᶍᨃࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊពᛮỴᐃࢱ࢖ࣉࡣ㧗ᶫ㸦1993㸧࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿ௨ୗࡢ 3 ࢱ࢖ࣉࢆᇶᮏ࡜ ࡍࡿࡀࠊぢ㐣ࡈࡋ௨እࡣၥ㢟ゎỴࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ㸦㛗ᮇゎỴ࣭▷ᮇゎỴ㸧࡟ྜࢃࡏࡓỴᐃࢱ࢖ࣉࢆศูࡍࡿࠋ ձ ၥ㢟ゎỴ࡟ࡼࡿỴᐃ㸦㛗ᮇ࣭▷ᮇ㸧㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡛ࡣཧຍ⪅࠿ࡽ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀẖᮇᢞධࡉࢀࠊ㛗ᮇၥ㢟ゎỴࡶࡋࡃࡣ▷ᮇၥ㢟ゎỴࡢ࠸ࡎ ࢀ࠿࡟ᚲせ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀᢞධࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾၥ㢟ࡀゎỴࡋỴᐃ࡟⮳ࡿࠋ ղ ぢ㐣ࡈࡋ࡟ࡼࡿỴᐃ ᪂ࡓ࡞㑅ᢥᶵ఍ࡀ⌧ࢀࡓ㝿࡟ࠊࡑࡢ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ၥ㢟ࡀᢞධࡉࢀ࡞࠸࠺ࡕ࡟ࠊཧຍ⪅࡟ࡼࡾ᭷ຠ࢚ ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀᢞධࡉࢀỴᐃ࡟⮳ࡿࠋ

(4)

ճ ࡸࡾ㐣ࡈࡋ࡟ࡼࡿỴᐃ㸦㛗ᮇ࣭▷ᮇ㸧 ၥ㢟ࡢ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡜ࠊ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ၥ㢟ࡀᢞධࡉࢀࡓࡲࡲゎỴࡉࢀ࡞࠸≧ែࡀ⥆ࡃ ࡀࠊၥ㢟ࡀ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࠿ࡽ㏥ฟࡍࡿ࡜⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀῶᑡࡋỴᐃ࡟⮳ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࠊၥ㢟ࡀ㏥ ฟࡋṧࡾࡢၥ㢟ࡀゎỴࡉࢀࡿሙྜࢆࡸࡾ㐣ࡈࡋゎỴࠊၥ㢟ࡢ㏥ฟࡢࡳࡀỴᐃࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍሙྜࢆࡸ ࡾ㐣ࡈࡋᨺ⨨࡜ᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࠋ ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ⾲1 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ௒ᅇࡣࠊពᛮỴᐃᅇᩘ T=1,000ࠊゎಀᩘ SC=1ࠊ▷ᮇゎỴࡢᚲせ࢚ࢿ ࣝࢠ࣮ࡣ㛗ᮇゎỴࡢᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ1/2 ࡜ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊၥ㢟㈇Ⲵࡣ௵ពࡢ㈇Ⲵಀᩘ LC ࡛Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡿࠋ ⾲1 ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࣉࣟࢭࢫ

㸲㸬ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ

ࡣࡌࡵ࡟㛗ᮇᚿྥ࣭▷ᮇᚿྥ࣭཮᭤ᚿྥࡢཧຍ⪅ࡢฟ⌧๭ྜࢆኚ᭦ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ⾲2 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ඲యഴྥ ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ཮᭤ᚿྥࡢ๭ྜࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡜Ỵᐃ1 ᅇ࡟せࡋࡓᖹᆒᮇ㛫ࡣ㛗ᮇ໬ࡋࠊၥ㢟ゎỴ࡛ࡣ▷ᮇゎỴࡀ ᨭ㓄ⓗ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡸࡾ㐣ࡈࡋ࡛ࡣ▷ᮇゎỴ࣭㛗ᮇᨺ⨨࣭▷ᮇᨺ⨨ࡣᴫࡡ୍ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㛗ᮇゎỴࡀ ῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ཮᭤ᚿྥࡢഴྥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊၥ㢟ゎỴ࣭ࡸࡾ㐣ࡈࡋゎỴ࡛ࡣ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ពᛮ Ỵᐃࡼࡾࡶ▷ᮇⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃࡀᑟ࠿ࢀࡸࡍ࠸ࡇ࡜ࠊ≉࡟ၥ㢟ゎỴ࡛ࡣ㛗ᮇゎỴࡀ࡯ࡰ⾜ࢃࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣཧຍ⪅ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡼࡾࡶ▷ᮇゎỴࡢᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ㐣ᑡ࡜࡞ࡿሙྜࡀከࡃࠊ ጞᮇ࡟࠾࠸࡚༶ᗙ࡟ၥ㢟ゎỴࡢ▷ᮇゎỴࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡓࡵ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋ௨ୖ࠿ࡽ⌧ᐇࡢពᛮỴᐃ࡛ࡶཧ ຍ⪅ࡢᚿྥࡀពᛮỴᐃ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࠺ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ཮᭤ᚿྥࡢཧຍ⪅ࡣ▷ᮇⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ゎỴ࡟ᤊࢃࢀࡸࡍࡃ㛗 ᮇⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃࢆ⾜࠸࡟ࡃ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ḟ࡟㛗ᮇᚿྥ࣭▷ᮇᚿྥ࣭཮᭤ᚿྥࡢཧຍ⪅ࡢฟ⌧๭ྜࢆ୍ᐃ࡜ࡋၥ㢟ࡢ㈇Ⲵಀᩘࢆኚ᭦ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ ⾲3 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ඲యⓗ࡞ഴྥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㈇Ⲵಀᩘࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜Ỵᐃ 1 ᅇ࡟せࡋࡓᖹᆒᮇ㛫ࡣ㛗ᮇ໬ࡋࠊၥ 㢟ゎỴࡢ๭ྜࡀῶᑡࡋࡸࡾ㐣ࡈࡋᨺ⨨ࡢ๭ྜࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋၥ㢟ゎỴ࣭ࡸࡾ㐣ࡈࡋᨺ⨨࡛ No ࣉࣟࢭࢫ 1 ึᮇタᐃ ¾ ពᛮỴᐃᅇᩘ T=1000ࠊゎಀᩘ SC=1ࠊ㈇Ⲵಀᩘ LC=௵ព್࡟タᐃ 2 㑅ᢥᶵ఍ࡢึᮇ໬ ¾ ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮(㛗ᮇ࣭▷ᮇ)=0ࠊ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮(㛗ᮇ࣭▷ᮇ㸧=0 ࡟タᐃ 3 ၥ㢟ࡢᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢฎ⌮ ¾ ᢞධ࣭㏥ฟࡋࡓၥ㢟ࡢᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮(㛗ᮇ࣭▷ᮇ)ࢆ㑅ᢥᶵ఍ෆࡢ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮(㛗ᮇ࣭▷ᮇ)࡟ຍῶ⟬ →㛗ᮇゎỴࡢ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸻(๓ᮇ)㛗ᮇゎỴࡢ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸩ၥ㢟ࡢᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮×LC →▷ᮇゎỴࡢ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸻(๓ᮇ)▷ᮇゎỴࡢ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸩ၥ㢟ࡢᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮×LC×1/2 4 ཧຍ⪅ࡢᚿྥࡢỴᐃ ¾ 㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ධࡿཧຍ⪅ࡢᚿྥ(㛗ᮇᚿྥ࣭▷ᮇᚿྥ࣭཮᭤ᚿྥ)ࢆỴᐃ 5 ཧຍ⪅ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢฎ⌮ ¾ ྛᮇ࡟୍ᗘࠊཧຍ⪅ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ㑅ᢥᶵ఍ෆࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮(㛗ᮇ࣭▷ᮇ)࡟ຍῶ⟬ →㛗ᮇᚿྥࡢሙྜ 㛗ᮇࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸻(๓ᮇ)㛗ᮇࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸩᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ →▷ᮇᚿྥࡢሙྜ ▷ᮇࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸻(๓ᮇ)▷ᮇࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸩᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ →཮᭤ᚿྥࡢሙྜࠊ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾሙྜ࡟ࡼࡾ␗࡞ࡿ ձ ▷ᮇゎỴࡢ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮_{㸫 ▷ᮇゎỴࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ 㸼 ⮬㌟ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮} _{→ 㛗ᮇࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸻(๓ᮇ)㛗ᮇࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸩᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮} ղ ▷ᮇゎỴࡢ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮_{㸫 ▷ᮇゎỴࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ ӌ ⮬㌟ࡢ᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮} _{→ ▷ᮇࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸻(๓ᮇ)▷ᮇࡢ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸩᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮} 6 ពᛮỴᐃࡢฎ⌮ ¾ ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸻0ࠊ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸻0 ࡢሙྜࠊ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࡟ၥ㢟ࡶཧຍ⪅ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸦2㸧࡬ ¾ ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸼⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢሙྜࠊ௒ᮇࡢゎỴࡣ࡛ࡁࡎḟᮇ㸦3㸧࡬ ¾ ⥲ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸻0ࠊ⥲᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸼0 ࡢሙྜࠊぢ㐣ࡈࡋ࡟ࡼࡿỴᐃ ¾ ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸺0ࠊᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮+᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸼0 ࡢሙྜࠊࡸࡾ㐣ࡈࡋゎỴ(㛗ᮇ࣭▷ᮇ)࡟ࡼࡿỴᐃ ¾ ᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸺0ࠊᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮+᭷ຠ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ӌ0 ࡢሙྜࠊࡸࡾ㐣ࡈࡋᨺ⨨(㛗ᮇ࣭▷ᮇ)࡟ࡼࡿỴᐃ ¾ ୖグ௨እࡢሙྜࠊၥ㢟ゎỴ࡟ࡼࡿỴᐃ

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2E17.pdf :4 ࡣࠊ㛗ᮇࡼࡾࡶ▷ᮇࡢỴᐃࢱ࢖ࣉࡀᨭ㓄ⓗ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞Ỵᐃࢱ࢖ࣉ࡜▷ᮇⓗ ࡞Ỵᐃࢱ࢖ࣉࡢᩘ㸦ぢ㐣ࡈࡋࢆ㝖ࡃ㸧ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ㈇Ⲵಀᩘࡢቑ኱࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㛗ᮇⓗ࡞Ỵᐃࢱ࢖ࣉࡀῶ ᑡࡋࠊ▷ᮇⓗ࡞Ỵᐃࢱ࢖ࣉࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸦_{LC=0.1 㛗ᮇ㸸▷ᮇ㸻231 ᅇ㸸426 ᅇࠊLC=1.0 㛗} ᮇ㸸▷ᮇ㸻189 ᅇ㸸469 ᅇ㸧ࠋࡇࡢ㝿ࠊ㛗ᮇⓗ࣭▷ᮇⓗ࡞Ỵᐃࢱ࢖ࣉ࡜ࡶ࡟ၥ㢟ゎỴࡢ๭ྜࡀῶᑡࡋࡸࡾ 㐣ࡈࡋᨺ⨨ࡢ๭ྜࡀቑຍࡍࡿࠋ௨ୖࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊእ㒊⎔ቃ࡜㈇Ⲵಀᩘࡢ㛵㐃ᛶ࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ⤒῭≧ἣ ➼ࡢእ㒊⎔ቃࡀཝࡋ࠸࡯࡝ពᛮỴᐃ࡟ಀࡿ᝟ሗฎ⌮ࡢ㈇Ⲵࡀቑຍࡋࠊၥ㢟ࡢᚲせ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀቑ኱ࡍࡿ ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ⌮᝿ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ゎỴࡢ㞴᫆ᗘࡀ㧗ࡲࡾࠊປຊᑡ࡞ࡃỴᐃྍ⬟࡞▷ᮇⓗ࡞ពᛮỴ ᐃࡀቑຍࡋࠊ࠿ࡘၥ㢟ࡀ㑅ᢥᶵ఍࠿ࡽ㏥ฟࡍࡿࡲ࡛Ỵᐃࡀᨺ⨨ࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࠋ ௗغࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ୻غࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ௗغࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ୻غࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ௗغࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ୻غࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ࢂՅंׄ߻ ʤʥ ෝ՛ ܐ਼ /& ݀ఈյ Ͷགྷͪ͢ ฑۋغؔ ݀ఈ͹ν΢ϕ ໲ୌմ݀ ݡգ͟͢ ΏΕգ͟͢ ௗغ ୻غ ૔ۄ ௗغմ݀ ୻غմ݀ ௗغմ݀ ୻غմ݀ ௗغ๎஖ ୻غ๎஖ ⾲2 ཧຍ⪅ࡢฟ⌧๭ྜࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓሙྜ ௗغࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ୻غࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ௗغࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ୻غࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ௗغࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ୻غࢧߡ ૔ۄࢧߡ ࢂՅंׄ߻ ʤʥ ෝ՛ ܐ਼ /& ݀ఈյ Ͷགྷͪ͢ ฑۋغؔ ݀ఈ͹ν΢ϕ ໲ୌմ݀ ݡգ͟͢ ΏΕգ͟͢ ௗغ ୻غ ૔ۄ ௗغմ݀ ୻غմ݀ ௗغմ݀ ୻غմ݀ ௗغ๎஖ ୻غ๎஖ ⾲3 ㈇Ⲵಀᩘࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓሙྜ

㸳㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ

ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊࢦ࣑⟽ࣔࢹࣝ࡟ཧຍ⪅ࡢᚿྥࠊၥ㢟ゎỴࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ⤌ࡳධࢀࠊ࠶࠸ࡲ࠸࡞≧ἣୗࡢ⤌⧊ⓗ ពᛮỴᐃ࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ពᛮỴᐃࡀࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡿ࠿ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⤖ᯝ䛸䛧䛶䚸཮᭤ᚿྥ䛾ཧ ຍ⪅๭ྜ䛜ቑຍ䛩䜛䜋䛹▷ᮇⓗ䛺ពᛮỴᐃ䝍䜲䝥䛜ᨭ㓄ⓗ䛸䛺䜛䛣䛸䚸ၥ㢟㈇Ⲵ䛾ቑຍ䛻క䛔▷ᮇⓗ䛺ពᛮ Ỵᐃ䝍䜲䝥䛜ᨭ㓄ⓗ䛸䛺䜛䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䚹䛣䜜䜘䜚䚸⎔ቃ㈇Ⲵ䛾㧗䛔᮲௳ୗ䛷䛿䚸཮᭤ᚿྥ䜢᭷䛩䜛ཧຍ⪅䛾 Ꮡᅾ䛜⤌⧊䛾ពᛮỴᐃ䜢㛗ᮇⓗ䛺ྜ⌮ᛶ䛛䜙஋㞳䛥䛫䜛䝥䝻䝉䝇䛜ᶍᨃ䛥䜜䛯䚹㈇Ⲵಀᩘ䛿ၥ㢟䛾ᚲせ䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䛾ỴᐃᅉᏊ䛸䛧䛶ᐃ⩏䛥䜜䜛ಀᩘ䛷䛒䜚䚸እ㒊⎔ቃ䛻ಀ䜛ヲ⣽䛺㆟ㄽ䛿䛺䛔䛜䚸እ㒊⎔ቃ䛾ኚ໬䛜⤌⧊ 䛾ၥ㢟㈇Ⲵ䛻ᙳ㡪䜢ཬ䜌䛧䛖䜛䛣䛸䛿༑ศ䛻⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹௒ᚋ䚸㈇Ⲵಀᩘ䛻ຍ䛘䚸ཧຍ⪅䛾᭷ຠ䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䜢 ๭䜚ᘬ䛟ゎಀᩘ䜒ྜ䜟䛫䛶㆟ㄽ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䚸እ㒊⎔ቃ䛸ෆ㒊⎔ቃ䛜ពᛮỴᐃ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ⥅⥆ ࡋ࡚◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵࠊ⤌⧊ⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃ࡟ಀࡿࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢡࢫࡢゎ᫂࡟㈉⊩ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ࣭ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩

㹙_{1㹛H. A. Simon, Administrative Behavior: A study of decision-making processes in administrative organization,} John Wiley & Sons㸦1947㸧

㹙2㹛M. D. Cohen, J. G. March and J. P. Olsen, A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice, Administrative

Science Quarterly, Vol.17, No.1, 1-25㸦1972㸧

㹙3㹛G. Ainslie, Specious reward: A behavioral theory of impulsiveness and impulse control, Psychological

Bulletin, 82(4), 463-496㸦1975㸧

㹙4㹛Ᏻ⸨Ⰻ♸, Ọ⏣᫭ஓ, ຍ⟬཮᭤ᆺ๭ᘬ㛵ᩘ⌮ㄽࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⤌⧊ෆពᛮỴᐃࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢ୍⪃ᐹ, ࠗ◊✲࣭ ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥᏛ఍ ᖺḟ኱఍ㅮ₇せ᪨㞟࠘, 32, 805-808㸦2017㸧