奈良教育大学学術リポジトリNEAR
Helminth Fauna of Bats in Japan XXVII
著者 SAWADA Isamu
journal or
publication title
奈良教育大学紀要. 自然科学
volume 31
number 2
page range 39‑45
year 1982‑11‑25
URL http://hdl.handle.net/10105/2314
奈良教育大学紀要 第31巻 第2号(自然)昭和57年 Bull. Nara Univ. Educ, Vol. 31, No. 2(Nat.), 1982
Helminth Fauna of Bats in Japan XXVII*
Isamu SAWADA
(Biological Laboratory, Nara University of Education, Nara 630, Japan) (Received April 30, 1982)
Abstract
Twenty‑nine specimens of forest bats were examined for the presence of cestodes, but no bats were infected with cestodes. Out of 144 cave bats belonging to 14 species exam‑
ined, 23 bats were found infected with cestodes. The cestodes, Hymenolepis rashomonensis and H. nishidai were found in Rhinolophus ferrumequinum nippon, H. sp. in R. ferrum‑
equinum nippon and Myotis nattereri bombinus, Vampirolepis isensis in R. cornutus cornutus, and V. hidaensis in Miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus.
Up to the present time, as to cestodes parasitic in forest bats in Japan, only three species, Hymenolepis bacillaris Gieze 1782 from Nyctalus maximus aviator by Yamashita et Mori, 1953, Vampirolepis ozensis Sawada, 1980 from Plecotus auritus sacrimontis and V.
yoshiyukiae Sawada, 1980 from Myotis frater kaguyae were described.
The present studies were carried out to examine the helmith fauna of forest bats in Fukuoka, Iwate and Wakayama Prefectures during the period from November, 1976 to October, 1978 and to report the systematic position of the cestode parasites of the cave bats collected from the various places of Japan during the period from February to December,
1981.
Result and discussion
The data on the forest and cave bats investigated and the cestodes found are given in Tables 1, 2 and 3, and the stations at which the collections of the cave bats were made are shown in the map (Fig. 1).
The rate of infection in the cave bats was 37.5 per cent, but that in the forest bats was zero per cent. The difference in the rate of infection seems to be due tothe difference of hunting activity in the bats of both groups. The cave bat becomes infected with cestodes (Sawada, 1976 and 1979), as it, just before and just after hibernating, hunts the small insects (cysticercoid‑infected intermediate host) swarming on bat's guano in a cave.
* This study is supported by a Grant‑in‑aid for Fundamental Scientific Research from the Minis̲
try of Education.
39
40 工samu Sawada
Table 1. A list of the Japanese bats examined Rhinolophidae
*Rhinolophus ferrumequmum nippon Temminck
*R. cornutus cornutus Temmink Vespertihonidae
Barbastella leucomelas darjelingensis Hodgson
*Miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus Hodgson Myotis hosonoi Imaizumi
M. frater kaguyae Imaizumi M. macrodactylus Temminck
*M. nattereri bombinus Thomas Munna aurata ussuriensis Ognev Nydalus lasiopterus aviator Thomas N. furvus Imaizumi and Yoshiyuki Pipistrellus endoi Imaizumi
Plecotus auritus sacrimontis G. Allen Vespertilio namiyei Kuroda
* The bats from which the cestode parasites have been discovered.
Fig. 1. Sketch map showing the collecting sites of the bats.
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Helminth Fauna of Bats in Japan XXVII 43
On the contrary, the forest bat may not be infected with cestodes, as it mainly hunts the insects flying on the suface of the forest and in the forest, but hardly hunts the cysticer‑
coid‑infected intermediate host.
Hymenolepis Weinland, 1808 Hymenolepis rashomonensis Sawada, 1972 Host : Rhinolophus ferrumequinum nippon
The bats, collected during an active period and in an early stage of hibernation (Lo‑
cality Nos. 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29), were infected with H. rashomonensis, but those collected during an inactive peroid and in an early spring were infected with only immature cestodes which were invisible to the naked eyes, therefore, the identifi‑
cation of species is impossible (Locality Nos. 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10 and ll) (Fig. 2). But from the morphology of scolex, they may be classified into H. rashomonensis peculiar to R.
ferrumequinum throughout Japan.
Fig. 2. Minute cestodes shortly after infection
Hymenolepis nishidai Sawada, 1982 Host : Rhinolophus ferrumequinum柁如on
The present species was first recorded from R. ferrnmequinum collected in the aban‑
doned adit of the copper mine called Fukisaka Mine at Honaトcho, Ehime Prefecture (Sawada, 1982). This time, H nishidai was isolated from R. ferrumequinum collected in the draining at Manno‑cho, Kagawa Prefecture.
Hymenolepis sp.
Host: Myotis nattereri bombinus
On November 10, 1976, two Myotis nattereri bombinus were collected in Akiyoshトd6, Yamaguti Prefecture. One out of two bats harbored 53 minute larval cestodes. These specimens were larvae shortly after infection, so, the mature proglottides are not found.
44 Isamu Sawada
However, from the morphology of scolex, the present specimen may be regarded as a species belonging to the genus Ilymenolepis. Measurements are given millimetres.
Diagnosis: Total length 0.78‑0.97. Scolex, 0.140‑0.175 long and 0.140‑0.182 wide.
Unarmed suckers 0.056‑0.070 in diameter. Rostellum absent. Neck 0.105‑0.119 wide.
The author (1972) described a minute larval form of Hymenolepis grisea parasitic in Myotis nattereri bombinus from Akiyoshi‑do, Yamaguti Prefecture. The present specimen differs from the larval form of II. grisea in the shape and size of suckers.
Vampirolepis Spassky, 1954 Vampirolepis isensis Sawada, 1966 Host : Rhinolophus cornutus cornutus
Three specimens of the present species were obtained from the intestine of one out of three R. cornutus cornntus collected in Koya‑no‑komori‑ana, Mie Prefecture. In Mie Prefecture, V. ise?isis was isolated from R. cornutus cornutus collected in Sh也rei‑n0‑
mizuana, Daitsudo‑ko and Koya‑no‑komon‑ana (Sawada, 1982).
Vampirolepis o群7ど7isis Sawada, 1974
Host: ∫?. fen′umeqiiinum nippon
Two out of seven R. ferrumequiniim n如on, collected from Nikoi‑do at Miyagawa‑
mura, Gifu Prefecture, were mix‑infected with //. rashomonensis and V. ogaensis.
In Gifu Prefecture, it was known that R. ferrumequinum from Nojiri B‑do at Wara一一
mura was found infected with V. ogaensis (Sawada, 1977). From the standpoint of bat' cestode fauna, the result reveals that R. ferrumequinum in Nikoトdo seems to be closely connecte､d with that in Nojin B‑d6.
Vatnpirolepis hidaensis Sawada, 1967 Host : Miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus
The present species was first recorded from E. ferrumeqiiinum collected in a basalt cave at Hidaosaka, Gifu Prefecture (Sawada, 1967). After then, V. hidaensis was isolated
chiefly from Miniopter′us schreibersii fuligmosus collected at the various places in Japan
(Sawada 1978, 1980 and 1982).
Two out of eleven M. schreibersii fuliginosus from Hokusei‑cho, Mie Prefecture and one out of eleven from Manno‑cho, Kagawa Prefecture, were infected with the present
species peculiar to M. schreibersii juliginosiノfs throughout Japan. This is the first report
from Shikoku.
Acknowledgment
The author wishes to express his gratitude to Messrs. T. Saito, K. Machida, Y. Tomida, M. Amagasu, H. Ichihashi, M. Yamamoto, A. Sano, R. Morii, S. Tabata, S. Honma and
Helminth Fauna of Bats in Japan XXVII 45
T. Sawada, for collecting bats in caves, and to Mr. M. Harada, Osaka City University Medical School, for supplying with intestines of forest bats.
References
Sawada, I., 1972 Helminth fauna of bats in Japan X. Annot zool. Japon. 45 : 22‑28.
ll‑‑‑‑1976. Endoparasites of the cave bat just before the end of the hibernation. BulL Nara Univ.
Educ. 25: 5‑12. (in Japanese with English summary).
‑1976. Notes on the distribution of Japanese Rhinolophidae bats from the standpoint of their tapeworm fauna. Zool. Mag. 85 : 140‑155. (in Japanese with English summary)
1978. Helminth fauna of bats in Japan XIX. Annot. zool. Japon. 51: 155‑163
‑1979. On the life history of the tapeworm, Hymenolepis rashomonensis parasitic in the cave
bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum n如on. Bull. Nara Univ. Educ. 28: 61‑67. (in Japanese with
English summary)
̲ノー一一一1‑1980. Helminth fauna of bats in Japan XXII. Annot. zool. Japon. 53 :194‑201.
̲̲ 1982. Helminth fauna of bats in Japan XXV. Annot zool. Japon. 54:43‑48.
̲T̲ 1982. Helminth fauna of cave bats in Mie Prefecture. Proc Jap. Soc. Syst. Zool. 24: 47‑57 (in Japanese with English summary)
sawada, I. et K. Kajiura. 1977. Notes on the distribution of Rhinolophidae bats in the southern part of Gife Prefecture from the standpoint of their cestode fauna. Proc. Jap. Soc. Syst. Zool. 13 : 92‑98. (in Japanese with English summary)
Yamashita, J. et H. Mori, 1953. 0n some species of the endoparasites of bats, Nyctalus maximus aviator Thomas. Mem. Fac. Agr. Hokkaido Univ. 1 : 499‑503. (in Japanese with English summary)
