What's AFIT In 2002, the old AFSIT was reformed to the Asian Forum for Information Technology AFIT. At the beginning of the 1

What's AFIT

In 2002, the old AFSIT was reformed to the Asian Forum for Information Technology AFIT.

At the beginning of the 1^st AFIT, let me explain the objective of the reform.

For 15 years, CICC held the Asian Forum for Standardization of Information Technology AFSIT. Representatives from Asian countries, who are responsible for standardization of ICT, got together at AFSIT for information exchange on the standardization of ICT.

At AFSIT, an Asian region human network was built up and related information exchange was promoted aggressively. As a result, AFSIT activities reflect Asian requirements for the global framework of international standards. For example 21 Asian character related proposals were submitted to ISO/IEC JTC1, and 12 out of the 21 have already published as part of international standards.

In addition, the Special Interest Group (SIG) collected Asian cultural conventions, which was published as a Data Book for worldwide usage.

As a result of 15 years of activities, coded character sets have been published as part of the international standards, constituting an important IT infrastructure for the Asian region.

However, standards only make a real contribution when they are implemented and used for real products.

The Southeast Asian region has expressed a strong desire to have a new framework that is beyond the AFSIT activity of standardization. The region has strong awareness on the digital divide, and the characters are essential factors in bridging the digital divide.

This extends the role of AFSIT to being an Asian Forum for IT, where the standard framework includes implementation or other IT related topics such as human resources developments for implementation. The new AFIT should be a place to promote state-of-the-art computerization.

In the AFSIT era, activities were limited within a framework of standardization; conversion from AFSIT to AFIT removed this limit, now we can tackle much wider issues.

The implementation of the standard that was expressed before is a good example of the extended role of AFIT. While for implementation, it is natural to expect discussion of human resource development or even national IT policy development.

AFIT is not rejecting standard related discussion; the discussion will still include some standard related issues. This is why sudden and full change of the correspondents for AFIT from AFSIT is not practical.

Positive participation of member countries is appreciated. In particular, advice on what role AFIT should play is necessary. I would like to see more Asian country oriented initiatives at AFIT than there were at AFSIT.

AFIT includes 15 members of the AFSIT. China, Hong Kong SAR, India, Indonesia, RO Korea, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam and Japan. In addition to the fifteen countries, including Bangladesh, Cambodia, Lao PDR and Pakistan, AFIT includes 19 countries. This means that AFSIT covers almost all Asian countries east from Pakistan. This is a very significant network. By utilizing this important network, we can use advanced ICT in the Asian region, reflecting regional culture and language. This will minimize the digital divide in the region.

3rd Asian Forum for Information Technology (3rd AFIT) October 5 - 7, 2004, Bangkok, Thailand

Theme: IT MEASUREMENT

Hosted by: National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC) Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization (CICC, Japan)

Supported by: Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO, Japan)

Japan Electronic and Information Technology Industries Association

(JEITA, Japan)

Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ, Japan) Japanese Standards Association (JSA, Japan)

Venue: Sofitel Central Plaza Bangkok

Participating Countries: Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, HK SAR, India, Indonesia, Korea, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam

PROGRAM:

Tuesday, October 5^th

17:00 Steering Committee

18.30 Banquet hosted by National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency,

Ministry of Science and Technology

(At Sala Thai, Sofitel Central Plaza Bangkok)

Wednesday, October 6th / FORUM(Sofitel Central Plaza Hotel) 08:30 Registration

09:00 Opening Address

Mr. Akio Kanaya, Executive Director, Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization (CICC), JAPAN

Dr. Sakarindr Bhumiratana, Director, National Science and Technology Development Agency

09:40 Chairman’s Address ”ICT Measures for Policy Development”

Prof. Dr. Yoshiki Mikami, Management & Information Systems Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, JAPAN

10:10 Break (To take a group picture) 10:30 Keynote Lecture I

“Key Movements of Thailand towards the Information Society – the Need for Indicators”

Dr. Thaweesak Koanantakool,

Director, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC)

11:00 Keynote Lecture II

“Japanese IT Policy -Recent IT International Strategy- ” Mr. Tomohiro INNAMI, Director for International Affairs Director for Telecommunication Network Equipment

Commerce and Information Policy Bureau, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan

11:30 Keynote Lecture III

“Experiences of Open Source Software Activities in AIST”

Prof. Dr. Kazuhito OHMAKI, Research Coordinator, Information Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced industrial Science and Technology, JAPAN

12:00 Lunch

Afternoon Session

13:00 Country Report

" IT MEASUREMENT"

1 Session Chair: Mr. Boon Wah Goh, Senior Manager, Research & Statistics Unit, IDA Singapore r 2 Session Co-Chair: Ms. Nieva Santos Neri, Head, Policy and Standards Development Group., National

Computer Center, Philippines

Bangladesh Mr. Mohammad Safique Rahman, Director (Standards), Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institution (BSTI)

Cambodia Mr. Sorasak PAN, Under Secretary of State, Prime Minister's Office, Offices of the Council of Ministers, National Information & Communication Development Authority (NiDA)

China Mr. Chuan Xiang Xu, The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Center of Network

Indonesia

Korea Mr. Tae-Su Han, Director, Korean Agency for Technology and Standards Lao PDR Mr. Phonpasit Phissamay, Information Technology Center,

Science Technology and Environment Agency

Malaysia Mrs. Roshana Alma Mohd Ali, Assistant Director of Secretariat, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Malaysia

14:45 Coffee Break 15:15 Country Report

3 Session Chair: Mr. Mohammad Safique Rahman, Director (Standards), Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institution (BSTI)

4 Session Co-Chair: Mrs. Roshana Alma Mohd Ali, Director of Secretariat, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Malaysia

Mongolia Mr. Badamtseren, Ministry of Infrastructure

Myanmar Mr. TIN Win Aung, Vice- President, Myanmar Computer Federation Nepal Mr. Dambar Bahadur Khadka, Member, High Level Commission for

Information Technology Singhadurba

Pakistan Dr. Muhammad Ali Damani, Director General, Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority

Philippines Ms. Nieva Santos Neri, Head, Policy and Standards Development Group., National Computer Center

Singapore Mr. Boon Wah Goh, Senior Manager, Research & Statistics Unit, IDA Singapore

Sri Lanka Mr. Shakrange Turrance Nandasara, Project Coordination Manager/Senior Lecture, Advanced Digital Media Technology Center, University of Colombo School of Computing, SRI LANKA

Vietnam Mr. Anh Hai Nguyen, Deputy chief, Information Technology Section, Secretary of TCVN/TC 154 Technical Committee

17:15 Closing

18:30 Banquet (at Ladprao Suite, hosted by CICC)

Thursday, October 7th/ FORUM

Chair: Prof. Dr. Yoshiki Mikami, Management & Information Systems Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, JAPAN

Co-Chair: Dr. Kasititorn Pooparadai, Policy Researcher, NECTE

09:00 Opening

09:00 ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION

"IT MEASUREMENT"

11:00 Special Lecture

‘Yet Amount of Digital Information - Another aspect of IT measurement’

Prof. Dr. UEMURA Shunsuke, Dr. Eng., Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology

11:45 Chairman's Summary

11:50 Closing

04 AFIT-3 Participants

BANGLADESH Mr. Mohammad Safique Rahman, Director (Standards),

Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institution (BSTI)

CAMBODIA Mr. Sorasak PAN,

Under Secretary of State, Prime Minister's Office,

Offices of the Council of Ministers, National Information & Communication Development Authority (NiDA)

CHINA Mr. Chuan Xiang Xu,

The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,

Center of Network

INDONESIA Mr. Aizirman Djusan, Director,

Bureau of Planning, Data,

and Foreign Cooperation Ministry of Communication and Information

JAPAN Mr. Tomohiro INNAMI, Director for International Affairs

Director for Telecommunication Network Equipment Commerce and Information Policy Bureau,

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan

KOREA Mr. Tae-Su Han, Director,

Korean Agency for Technology and Standards(KATS)

Ms. Sunhee Chang

Researcher,

Research and Analysis Team,

Korea Institute for Electronic Commerce (KIEC)

LAO PDR Mr. Phonpasit PHISSAMAY Director of IT Center

Science Technology and Environment Agency, Prime Minister’s Office

MALAYSIA Mrs. Roshana Alma Mohd Ali

Assistant Director of Secretariat, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Malaysia

Mr. Roslee Hussien

Assistant Statistical Officer, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Malaysia

MONGOLIA Mr. Badamtsuren Byambaakhuu,

IT officer,

Policy and Coordination Department for ICT, Ministry of Infrastructure

MYANMAR Mr. Tin Win Aung

Vice President

Myanmar Computer Federation

NEPAL Mr. Dambar Bahadur KHADGA

Executive Member

High Level Commission for Information Technology PAKISTAN Dr. Muhammad Ali Damani

Director General

Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority

PHILIPPINES Ms. Nieva S. Neri

Head, Policy and Standards Development Group

National Computer Center(NCC)

Mr. Jose Carlos P. Reyes

Standards Development Division

Bureau of Product Standards, Department of Trade and Industry SINGAPORE Mr. Boon Wah GOH

Research & Statistics Unit

IDC Singapore

SRI LANKA Mr. Shakrange Turrance NANDASARA Project Coordination Manager,

Human Resource Development in Information Technology Institute of Computer TechnologyUniversity of Colombo THAILAND Dr. Kasititorn Pooparadai

Policy Researcher

National Electronics and Computer Technology Center(NECTEC) VIETNAM Mr. Anh Hai Nguyen

Deputy Chief

Information Technology Section

Secretary of TCVN/TC 154 Technical Committee

Japanese Participants:

Dr. Kazuo OHMAKI Research Coordinator for Information and Communication Technology

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Mr. Tomohiro INNAMI Director for International Affairs

Director for Telecommunication Network Equipment Commerce and Information Policy Bureau,

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan

Mr. Masanori FUKIWAKE President, Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association

Mr. Yasuhisa ODANI Director General (Asian Region), New Energy and Industrial

Technology Development Organization(NEDO)

Dr. Shogo SAKAKURA Director General, Japanese Standards Association (JSA), Dr. Eisuke NAITO Professor, Toyo University, Faculty of Sociology

Dr. Yoshiki MIKAMI Professor, Nagaoka University of Technology, Department of Management and Information Systems Engineering

Dr. Izumi SUZUKI Assistant Professor, Nagaoka University of Technology, Department of Management and Information Systems Engineering

Mr. Tatsuo KOBAYASHI Cheef Executive Officer, Scholex Co.,Ltd

Mr. Akihiko Ichikawa Director, Hitachi, Ltd., Global Business Promotion Center Dr. Yushi KOMACHI Assistant Senior Councilor, Panasonic Communications Co. ,Ltd

Mr. Tateo KOIKE Senior Engineer, Business Planning Dept., Business Strategy Division, Ricoh Printing Systems, Ltd.

Mr. Keiichiro ISHINO Engineer, Antenna House Inc.

Dr. Shuichi TASHIRO Senior Researcher, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Mr.Takahisa KIMURA Senior Staff Engineer, Japanese Standards Association (JSA), Information Technology Research and Standardization Center

Dr. Shunsuke UEMURA Professor, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Information Science

Dr. Keisuke KAMIMURA Senior Research Fellow,

Center for Global Communications, International University of JAPAN

Mr. Liongmeng Chok Assistant Senior Manager, Business Planning Division Toshiba Asia Pacific Corporation

Mr. Akio KANAYA Executive Director, Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization

Mr. Toru YAMAUCHI Chief Representative, CICC Singapore Office C/O JETRO Singapore

Mr. Takayuki SATO Manager/ Senior Researcher, Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization

Ms. Miki EMURA Researcher/

Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization Ms. Hiroko SHIRAKURA Leader/

Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization

Chairperson’s Summary (10/07/2004) The 3rd Asian Forum for Information Technology

Chairperson Prof. Dr. Yoshiki MIKAMI

Distinguished guests, representatives from Asian countries, and participants here with us today. It is my honor to announce the successful ending of the 3rd Asian Forum for Information Technology. I am sure this success was brought by the active deliberations by the representatives from 17 Asian countries, outstanding keynote lectures, and the efforts by the people from National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC) and also the people from CICC, Japan.

AFIT is a forum started two years ago as a successor of AFSIT that last for 15 years, as an annual meeting of high-level officials representing ICT policy-making bodies from ASIAN countries and regions to develop an Asian regional network of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) related organizations. It aims to exchange information on ICT policies and their implementation in the countries.

At this 3rd AFIT, we have a topic of IT Measurement.

Yesterday morning, we had the honor of having an Opening Address by Dr. Sakarindr Bhumiratana Director, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand. Also we had the opening address by Mr. Akio KANAYA, Executive Director of CICC. It was followed by Chairman’s opening address “ICT Measures for Policy Development”.

As the keynote lecture II, we had Dr. Thaweesak Koanantakool, Director, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC) on “Key Movements of Thailand towards the Information Society – the Need for Indicators”.

The keynote lecture by Mr. Tomohiro INNAMI, Director for International Affairs, Commerce and Information Policy Bureau, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan on

“Japanese IT Policy -Recent IT International Strategy-”.

The keynote lecture III by Prof. Dr. Kazuhito OHMAKI, Research Coordinator, Information Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced industrial Science and Technology (AIST), JAPAN on “Experiences of Open Source Software Activities in AIST”.

Following the keynote lectures, representatives of the 17 Asian countries reported on the topic of “IT Measurement”. From these country reports, we have studied outlines of the current situation of their IT Measurement and issues on an application of those measures for Asian countries.

The progress of ICT technology, however, is so fast that we have to match our positive purpose with such the rapid progress. This is one of the most important points when ICT policies are planned, implemented and reviewed. For this reason, we have to continue to exchange the information about the status of ITC plans of each other and to be aware of coming new ITC situations.

Today, we had the round table discussion on IT Measurement as a reviewing tool for ICT policy implementation. As the result of this discussion, we reached conclusions as follows;

• All members feel urgent need to develop and make use of ICT indicators for national ICT development.

• Members expressed concerns on measurements which are widely used today, and posed questions on applicability and appropriateness of mechanical/uniform application of those indicators to review member countries’ situation.

• All members would like to learn from other members efforts in this field, and will exchange relevant materials to update members knowledge.

• All members expressed hope to have a seminar/workshop to give training on ICT measurement development and its application to policy development.

Also the round table discussed possible themes for the next AFIT meeting. All members agreed to have this forum as an important and unique channel to discuss various topics. It seems necessary to continue the forum. Through these efforts, we can obtain real Asian wide collaboration for ICT promotion.

The discussion was followed by a special lecture on “Amount of Digital Information - Another aspect of IT measurement by Prof. Dr. UEMURA Shunsuke, Dr. Eng., Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology.

In these weeks we have two other meeting here in Bangkok as well as AFIT.

Following this Forum today, Seminar on Enhancement of International Standardization Activities (SEISA-AP/IT) will be held. This seminar aims to get familiar with the international standard development activities such that the participating countries are able to submit acceptable and useful proposals to the international organizations such as ISO/IEC.

Before the AFIT, we had a Symposium for Asian Document Style Information Interchange (DocSII). This symposium aims to amend an Asian requirement on to international standards related with Documentation Style.

Finally I would like to express my profound gratitude to the government of Thailand, Ministry of Science and Technology, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan (METI) and organizations contributed in preparing for this forum.

We are looking forward to meeting each other at the next forum

To close my summary, I would like to ask once again for your further cooperation and support for the ICT activities in the Asian countries.

Thank you very much.

Mr. Akio KANAYA Executive Director

Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization

His Excellency, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sakarindr Bhumiratana, Senior Advisor, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand,

Dr. Thaweesak Koanantakool, Director, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, NECTEC, Thailand,

Dr. Yoshiki Mikami, Professor of Nagaoka University of Technology, Japan, and distinguished representatives from Asian countries, good morning and most welcome to this forum.

I am Mr. Akio KANAYA, Executive Director of Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization, CICC.

I am very happy to be able to invite the representatives from 17 Asian countries and to welcome you to the 3^rd Asian Forum for Information Technology, AFIT, here in Bangkok. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to the staff of NECTEC for their excellent work in organizing this forum.

Before starting the forum, I would like to briefly introduce our organization, CICC.

CICC is a non-profit organization that assists computerization in developing countries, especially in the Asian region. Since its foundation in 1983, CICC has implemented various cooperation programs, such as IT human resource development, IT transfer, joint research and development, and International IT Standardization. And AFIT is the one of the most important cooperation programs of CICC. CICC has held the Asian Forum for the Standardization of Information Technology (AFSIT) for 15 years, from 1987 to 2001, to strengthen the human network of IT Standardization in the Asian region. This forum has produced various fruitful results such as the standardization of the character code set taking into account the needs of the Asian region. To extend this network and it functions, in 2001, CICC organized the Asian Forum for Information Technology (AFIT) as an opportunity for Asian countries to exchange opinions, deepen their understanding on IT and tackle common problems.

We hope the new AFIT will be a good place to discuss computerization in each country, such as much faster, better promotion of computerization.

With this goal, at the first AFIT held in Vientiane, Lao PDR, we talked about e-government,

and the main theme at the second AFIT held in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, was ‘IT Policy and Human Resource Development.’

This year, the theme of the forum is IT Measurement.

To indicate the progress of computerization in each country, various IT measurement methods are utilized, for example, DAI (Digital Access index) of the International Telecommunication Union, ITU, and so on. Through information exchange and discussion on IT measurement, we explore how to evaluate the status of computerization, how to show this status appropriately, and how to promote computerization effectively, based on the recognition of the status of computerization in each country.

Today, we will have several excellent presentations from Thailand and Japan. There will also be country reports from the delegates responsible for IT policy from 17 Asian countries.

Tomorrow, we will discuss IT measurement at the round table, which is the first attempt in AFIT.

I would like to conclude my address by expressing my hope that this forum will provide an occasion for active information exchange and will contribute to enhancing IT activities in the Asian region to correct the digital divide.

Thank you for your attention.

1 Opening Speech

By

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sakarindr Bhumiratana

Director of National Science and Technology Development Agency At

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology (AFIT III) Wednesday 6

October 2004

Vibhavadee Ballroom C, Sofitel Central Hotel, Bangkok

Mr. Akio Kanaya, the Executive Director of CICC Prof. Dr. Yoshiki Mikami, Chairman of AFIT Distinguished Guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

It is my great honour to be invited to give a speech to distinguished audience at this Third Asian Forum for Information Technology. On behalf of the National Science and

Technology Development Agency, I would like to extend my warmest welcome to all delegates who attend this prestigious international event. I would also like to thank the Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization (CICC) and the National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), the host of this event, who made possible the gathering of experts in the field.

And, on behalf of NECTEC, which is one of specialized excellent centers within NSTDA, I wish to thank CICC, who organizes AFIT annually, for entrusting Thailand to host the event this year.

I have learned from Dr. Thaweesak Koanantakool of NECTEC that this is not the first

time NECTEC has worked in partnership with CICC either. Our collaboration has

developed a long way back and strengthened throughout the years. One area, which we

have intensively worked on, is that of “open source software” development. Last year we

held “an Asia Open Source Symposium” at Phuket in March. (Well, a few of you might

wish our conference today take place at that seaside too.) And we just completed the

CICC onsite training on Open Source Software Solution Integration Course last month.

2 So, with the Third AFIT being organized here, our commitment and partnership are further reinforced.

Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,

For this special occasion, let me share my personal thoughts on “IT Measurement”, the subject that we will discuss intensively during the course of today.

In the past decade, we have witnessed and experienced remarkable advances in information technology. The IT revolution has created immense challenges as well as opportunities for every economy in the world. The pervasiveness of IT means that IT penetrates into every social and economic activity. To understand the role of IT, a tool is needed. That’s come in the role of measurement or indicators.

The proper measurement provides us with a better understanding of IT development in the country. Of course, there are different types of indicator to suit diversified purposes.

At fundamental level, there is the need for readiness indicators showing us the pattern of information infrastructure distribution in the country. This group of indicators would help us identify the area where “digital divide”, the unequal access to IT, is most acute.

At a more advanced level, however, to pinpoint the impacts of IT on mankind is rather a challenging task. IT does contribute to the formation of Information Society, but it does not operate in a vacuum. To entangle IT contribution to socio-economic development from other contributing factors would require a complex set of indicators.

In addition to accurate understanding of the country status, IT indicators are often

employed as a tool for international comparison. The Network Readiness Index (NRI)

created by the World Economic Forum and the Digital Access Index (DAI) created by

International Telecommunication Union (ITU) are examples of index widely used in

country ranking on variety of IT dimensions.

3 The issue of “standardization” is, therefore, at the heart of the comparability issues. To come up with well-defined and standardized definition, an international collaboration is in need.

Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,

Allow me to share with you a few words on our own experience. Like many other countries, IT measuring in Thailand is undergoing. The awareness of and the need for IT measurement has been instigated by the first National ICT Master Plan 2002-2006, which targets to level up the nation in 5 main areas; society, industry, education, government, and commerce.

Therefore, NECTEC and the National Statistical Office have teamed up to collect IT- related statistically on an annual basis. Core IT statistics has been collected and reported annually, however, there lies complexity in many aspect of IT development. Therefore, more explorations on methodology and concepts is still needed.

In light of this, the third AFIT will be an important mechanism to promote the collaboration in the Asia Pacific region in its progress in IT measurement. The floor opens up an opportunity for participants from the region in sharing their experiences, information, thoughts and ideas in area of IT measurement.

I wish that all our distinguished guests would benefit from experiences - successes as well as problems - sharing among the participants.

And, once again, on behalf of Thailand, I welcome you all for being in Thailand and hope that you have productive and enjoyable time here in Bangkok, Thailand.

Thank you.

ICT Measures for Policy Development

Yoshiki MIKAMI

3 ^rd AFIT @ Bangkok, Thailand

October 6-7, 2004

Outline

1. P-D-C-A Cycle and Measures

2. Development and Measures

l United Nations: Millennium Development Goals

l World Bank: Knowledge Assessment Matrix

3. ICT Policy and Measures

l Statistical or Questionnaire Based Assessment

l Case Study / Best Practices Award

l Japanese Experience

4. AFIT Discussion Agenda

1. P-D-C-A Cycle and Measures

Action Action

Do Do Check Check

Plan Plan Policy

Evaluation

Policy Goals

=

=

2. Development and Measures

l United Nations: MDG

Millennium Development Goals

l World Bank: KAM

Knowledge Assessment Matrix

l Development Indicators

•United Nations:

Millennium Development Goals

1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 2. Achieve universal primary education

3. Promote gender equality and empower women 4. Reduce child mortality

5. Improve maternal health

6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases 7. Ensure environmental sustainability

8. Develop a global partnership for development

•United Nations:

Goals / Targets / Indicators

Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Target 1. Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the

proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day

Indicators

1. Proportion of population below $1 (PPP) per day (World Bank)

2. Poverty gap ratio [incidence x depth of poverty]

(World Bank)

3. Share of poorest quintile in national consumption

(World Bank)

•World Bank: KAM

Knowledge Assessment Matrix

W1 - W6 Gender Equity

76 Total

T1 - T13 Information Infrastructure

H1 - H16 Education and Training

I 1 - I 2 0 Innovation System

G1 - G7 Governance

E1 - E8 Economic Incentive and Institutional Regime

P1 - P6 Overall Performance of the Economy

Variables Clusters

Source: http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2004/html/userguide.htm

•World Bank: KAM

Interactive Database

Source: http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2004/html/userguide.htm

•Development Indicators

l Well-developed System of Indicators

l Demographic, Educational, Economic, etc.

l National Survey Infrastructure

l International Reporting Mechanism

l Strong Support by International Donors

l UNSD, UNDP, WHO, UNESCO, etc.

l Increasing needs of transparent and concrete

measurements for monitoring

3. ICT Policy and Measures

l Statistical or Questionnaire Based

l ITU: Digital Access Index (DAI)

l UNPAN: e-Government Readiness Index and e- Participation Index

l EIU: e-Readiness Index

l Other Research Institutions / Consulting Firms

l Case Study, Appraisal of Best Practices

l Aid Agencies’ Case Study Reports

l Stockholm Challenge Award

•ITU: Digital Access Index

Fixed telephone subscribers per 100 inhabitants Mobile cellular subscribers per 100 inhabitants Infrastructure

Internet users per 100 inhabitants Usage

International Internet bandwidth (bits) per capita Broadband subscribers per 100 inhabitants

Quality

Adult Literacy

Combined primary, secondary and tertiary school enrolment level

Knowledge

Internet access price as % of per capita GNI Affordability

Variable

Category

•UNPAN: e-Government Readiness Index

l E-Government Readiness Index

l Web Measures

l Telecommunication Index

l Human Capital Index

l E-Participation Index

l E-information

l E-consultation

l E-decision making

•EIU e-Readiness Index

• Supporting e-services

• Social and cultural environment

• Legal and policy

• Consumer and business adoption

• Business environment

• Connectivity

•The World Paper:

Information Society Index

education levels, civil liberties and corruption levels, etc.

Social factors

Wireless subscribers, broadband penetration to household, etc.

Telecoms

Internet users, etc.

Internet and e-commerce

Computer adoption and usage Infrastructure

Indicators

Sub-indexes

l APEC: Electronic Commerce Steering Group

l CIDIF: Centre International pour le Dévelopement de l'Inforoute en Français

l CSPP: Computer Systems Policy Project

l IDC: World Times / IDC's Information Society Index

l MI: McConnell International and the World Information Technology and Services Alliance (WITSA)

l M-N: Metric-Net E-Economy Index

l MQ: The Mosaic Group

l NRI: Center for International Development (CID) at Harvard and the World Economic Forum

Source: E-readiness Assessment: Who is Doing What and Where, 23 March 2002

Statistical or Questionnaire

Based Assessment Reports

•Primary Sources

l ITU

l UNESCO

l World Bank

l Domain Survey by ISC

l Local Marketing Firms

l Local ICT Vendors

•Stockholm Challenge Award

Solar Electrification of Villages (India) Environment

Choroc (Korea), Information Village Research Project (India), TARAhaat (India)

Economic Development

High School Internet Learning Centers (Laos), e-library of the Open University (HK),

Cisco Networking Academies (Malaysia) Education

Policing Disease (HK) Health

Archives Online (Singapore), Drik (Bangladesh) Culture

eCitizen Portal (Singapore), Electronic Service Delivery (HK), Gyandoot (India)

Public

Government

Past Awardees in Asia 1999-2004 Categories

Source: http://www.stockholmchallenge.se/new_tavlande_index.html

ICT Measures

l Available only for selected / tangible aspects

l Mostly in infrastructure

l Innovative evaluation requires a lot of labor input

l Secondary indicators are not independent

l Different combination of the same variables

l Case studies can spotlight diversified efforts

Japanese Experience:

Long-term ICT Indicators

Source: http://www.johotsusintokei.soumu.go.jp/index.html , http://www.isc.org, etc.

1.E+05 1.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+08 1.E+09

1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

Population Number of households Number of daily newspapers Fixed telephone lines

NHK Radio subscriber

BW TV Subscriber Color TV

subscriber

Mobilephone

Internet domains

Japanese Experience:

e-Japan Strategy & Measures

Annual revision

Annual revision

Budget

&

Imple.

Budget

&

Imple.

Check Check

e-Japan Strategy

I, II e-Japan Strategy

I, II

Policy Evaluation

Policy Goals

=

=

Japanese Experience:

e-Japan Strategy & PDCA

Jun. 2004 e-Japan Priority Policy Program – 2004 Feb. 2004 e-Japan Strategy II Acceleration Package Aug. 2003 e-Japan Priority Policy Program – 2003 Jul. 2003 e-Japan Strategy II

Jun. 2002 e-Japan Priority Policy Program – 2002

Nov. 2001 Acceleration and Advancement of e-Japan Priority Policy Program and e-Japan 2002 Program - Structural Reform Schedule of IT-related Policy Areas Jun. 2001 e-Japan 2002 Program

Mar. 2001 e-Japan Priority Policy Program

Jan. 2001 e-Japan Strategy

Japanese Experience:

e-Japan Strategy, Jan. 2001

Source: http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/it/network/0122full_e.html

- Internet diffusion rate 60%

- receive 30,000 outstanding foreign IT experts by 2005 4. Nurturing high-

quality human resources

- (handles electronic information in the same manner as paper-based) 3. Realization of

electronic government

- B2B/B2C market to expand 10- fold from 1998 level by 2003

2. Facilitation of

electronic commerce

- High-speed constant access to 30 million households by 2003

1. Ultra high-speed network infrastructure

Targets with quantitative measures

Priority Policy Areas

Japan in the Asian Ranking

Sri Lanka Malaysia

Malaysia Malaysia

6

Mongolia Brunei

Japan 5

Japan Philippines

Taiwan Singapore

/ Japan 4

Singapore Japan

Korea 3

Korea Korea

HK HK

/ Taiwan 2

Philippines Singapore

Singapore Korea

1

e-participa- tion 2003 UNPAN

2003 EIU

2004 ITU

DAI 2002

4. AFIT Discussion Agenda

l Missing Aspects

l ICT sector as a leading economic/exports sector

l Country-size/development-stage dependency

l Missing Indicators

l ICT Industry statistics (service/software output, exports, employment, etc.)

l ICT expertise potential (including expatriates)

l Language/cultural Localization

l Possible AFIT contribution

1

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Key Movements of Thailand towards the Information Society:

the Need for Indicators

Thaweesak Koanantakool, Ph.D.

National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency

Ministry of Science and Technology, Thailand.

[email protected]

http://www.nectec.or.th/users/htk/

Presented at

”The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology: IT Measurement”

jointly organized by

the National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, Thailand and Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization, Japan

The Sofitel Central Plaza Hotel, Bangkok, 6-7 October 2004

2

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Outline of Presentation

• Thailand Need for Indicators:

– Global: Understanding Information

Society and Analysis on Indicators for WSIS Draft Plan of Action

– National: Monitoring the Progress of Thailand ICT Master Plan 2002-2005

• Making Indicators available: Our Approach

• A Snapshot on Thailand through

Indicators

3

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Global Consideration

WSIS Action Plan and Indicators

4

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

5

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

10 to 12 December 2003, in Geneva,

Switzerland

To address the broad range of themes

To adopt a Declaration of Principles and an Action Plan

16 to 18 November

2005 in Tunis, Tunisia.

To focus on development themes To assess progress made

To review the Action Plan

The summit will take place in two phases:

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Information Society

“…a people-centred, inclusive and development-oriented Information Society, where everyone can create, access, utilize and share information and knowledge, enabling individuals, communities and peoples to achieve their full potential in promoting their sustainable development and

improving their quality of life…”

(From Declaration of Principles, WSIS I – Geneva, 2003)

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

What kind of indicators are we looking for to assess Information Society ?

• Internationally-harmonized views

• Statistical / measurement tools that are

– Simple to use

– Broadly cover diverse environments

– Sufficient (i.e., cover social/economic, supply-side/demand-side)

– Sensitive enough to tell small differences

between societies

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

UNCTAD 2002

1. Basic Telecommunications 2. Basic Access to the Internet 3. Human Capacity Building

4. Affordable Access Devices (PCs, PDA) 5. National ICT Policy and Plan

6. Threat of Liberalization

7. Appropriate Software (Legal, compact, low cost) 8. Local Language enabled on Computers

9. Creation of Local Contents 10. Portal Sites

11. e-Government -- Government Facilitation 12. Standards in manufacturing, safety, health 13. IT-Laws (e-Transaction, e-Signature, Computer

Crime, Data Protection, anti-spam)

14. Security -- Information/System/Network 15. Authentication and Certification, PKI 16. Broadband Access (Corporate, home) 17. IT-Manpower development

18. Regional Networking Collaboration 19. Opportunities from Liberalization and

Regionalization 20. e-Marketplaces

21. e-Payment infrastructure 22. Consumer Protection

23. Cross Border Certification

24. Intellectual Property rights Protection 25. Privacy

Concerns of developing

countries and LDC

Concerns of developed

countries industrial And

leaders

Introducing A Spectrum of 25

e-Strategies

Strategy Divide between Developed and

Developing Countries

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Analyzing WSIS Plan of Action

Putting the issues as

indicators within each group,

and we get this...

10

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

WSIS Plan of Action – Indicators

Basic Telecommunications (4)

- Teledensity

- Number of ICT backbone providers

- Full capacity of backbone system of data transmission - Traffic level (Gbps) at peak times that each Internet

Exchange Points can support

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Basic Access to the Internet (21)

- Number of computer users by gender, age, education, income - Number of Internet users by gender, age, education, income - Number of households with a computer

- Number of households with Internet access - Number of public Internet access

- Number of districts with telecenter - Number of district with Websites

- Number of communities that can apply ICT to their local economy - High-speed Internet access penetration

- Number of PCs in rural areas

- Number of local communities with Websites

- Expenditure on research and development in ICT infrastructure and applications - Number of schools with computer and Internet access

- Number of schools with Websites - Number of students per computer

- Average number of connected computers in each school - Number of schools with ICT implementation plan

- Percentage of a national education budget is allocated for ICT - Number of universities with high-speed Internet connection - Number of household having teleworking

- Investment on ICT infrastructure by government and private sector

WSIS Plan of Action – Indicators

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

WSIS Plan of Action – Indicators

Affordable Access Devices (5)

- Number of locally assembled lower-cost PCs - Ratio of locally assembled PCs usage

- Expenditure on research and development in affordable ICT equipment - Presence of research on non-text based computer interfaces

- Expenditure on research and development in ICT accessibility for

disadvantaged groups

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

WSIS Plan of Action - Indicators

Human Capacity Building (19)

- Number of ICT based lessons in the curriculum relative to the overall curriculum time for the subject - Percentage of educational content covered by ICT based instructional materials

- Number of ICT training courses for teachers

- Number of teachers with IT access and utilizing IT as educationa l tools - Number of ICT related curriculums in universities

- Percentage of ICT management courses

- Number of schools with Websites produced by students - Number of students who demonstrate only basic ICT skills - Number of students who demonstrate advanced ICT skills - Number of hours per week for ICT-aided instruction

- Number of people receiving ICT training courses from the Ministry of Labor - Number of online courses

- Number of ICT related curriculum for distance learning

- Number of workers who graduated from ICT distance learning programmes

- Number of universities that have ICT programmes link with international educational institutions - Number of ICT training course with international cooperation

- Number of volunteer programmes on ICT training - Number of ICT related Train-the-trainer programmes

- Number of programmes to eradicate illiteracy by using ICTs

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Top indicators in Plan of action

Top strategies in the plan

• Basic Access to the Internet (21)

• Human Capacity Building (19)

• IT Manpower Development (19)

• Security (13)

• Opportunities from Liberalization and

Regionalization (12)

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

UNCTAD 2002

1. Basic Telecommunications 2. Basic Access to the Internet 3. Human Capacity Building

4. Affordable Access Devices (PCs, PDA) 5. National ICT Policy and Plan

6. Threat of Liberalization

7. Appropriate Software (Legal, compact, low cost) 8. Local Language enabled on Computers

9. Creation of Local Contents 10. Portal Sites

11. e-Government -- Government Facilitation 12. Standards in manufacturing, safety, health 13. IT-Laws (e-Transaction, e-Signature, Computer

Crime, Data Protection, anti-spam)

14. Security -- Information/System/Network 15. Authentication and Certification, PKI 16. Broadband Access (Corporate, home) 17. IT-Manpower development

18. Regional Networking Collaboration 19. Opportunities from Liberalization and

Regionalization 20. e-Marketplaces

21. e-Payment infrastructure 22. Consumer Protection 23. Cross Border Certification

24. Intellectual Property rights Protection 25. Privacy

Concerns of developing

countries and LDC

Concerns of developed

countries industrial And

leaders

Strategy Divide between Developed and Developing Countries

21 19

19

13

12

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

A Framework of Unified

Measurement Spectrum

17

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

A fully developed Information Society

0 100

Source: UNCTAD

E-Commerce and Development Report 2003

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

A highly developed I.S.

0 100

Source: UNCTAD

E-Commerce and Development Report 2003

19

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

A developing society

0 100

Source: UNCTAD

E-Commerce and Development Report 2003

20

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

National Needs

Monitoring the

ICT Master Plan

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Vision:

Thailand will be the regional centre of ICT development and business, particularly in software.

ICT Master Plan (2002-2006)

Thailand is to have strong and competitive economy as well as knowledge-based

society, given that entrepreneurs and majority of people can access the

information.

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Strategies in the ICT Master Plan

??????

7. E-

Government

3. Reform ICT Research &

Development 2. ICT for better

Quality of Life

6. ICT for SMEs 1. Promotion

of Thai ICT Industry

5. Develop

entrepreneur ships towards export

expansion 4. Raise potential

infrastructure for future

Competitiveness

23

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Indicators to Assess Overall Success

(1) Index of the ICT contribution to the economy e. g. ICT Growth, Employment

(2) Index of the competitiveness of the country's ICT

industry such as ratio of ICT expenditures to GDP, share of Thai software industry in the world market

(3) Index of role of ICT in community development e.g.

value of local content, amount of local traffic in relation to total Internet access, the increase in Thai-content Web pages

(4) Index of role of ICT in human resource development

such as the use of e-learning, and availability of ICT tools

and experts in both formal and non-formal education

24

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Strategy 1 Promotion of Thai ICT Industry

(Examples – for other strategies, consult chapter 7, ICT Master Plan)

• Number of qualified researchers, software developers, and certified professional developers

• Total value of government IT projects in which Thai entrepreneurs are involved

• Government's IT budget (for both hardware and software)

• Expansion of software market in the country

• Total value of exported software

• Total value of exported ICT products

• Ratio of domestic software development and open-source software systems to total value of software market in each year

• Increase in number of software developers and market capitalization

• Decrease in imported software

• Increasing demand for IT recruitment in newspaper advertisements

• Increase in salaries of IT professionals

• Number of open-source training and service centers

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Making Indicators available

• A working team - partnership between NECTEC, Ministry of Science and

Technology and NSO, Ministry of Information and Communication Technology since August 2003.

• Collaboration with others including -

National Economic and Social Development Board, Ministry of Education, TOT

Corporation, CAT Telecom etc.

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The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Making Indicators available

Staged approach:

1. start with the existing data;

2. add data which can be derived or calculated from existing data;

3. conduct new surveys for the

indicators which we have never collected before.

4. Further research for suitable

indicators and methodology

27

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Thailand Indicators

28

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Telecommunications

29

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Telecommunication

30

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Telecommunication

31

The Third Asian Forum for Information Technology

IT Measurement Thaweesak Koanantakool

NECTEC, Thailand.

Computer Usage