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環境意識と生活観・自然観 : アジア3国での調査結果から 利用統計を見る

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(1)環境意識と生活観・自然観 : アジア3国での調査結 果から 著者名(日) 雑誌名 号 ページ 発行年 URL. 大島 尚 「エコ・フィロソフィ」研究 2 71-106 2008-03 http://doi.org/10.34428/00003384. Creative Commons : 表示 - 非営利 - 改変禁止 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.ja.

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(6) ;85:47;3:  )$ -1/ *(%$ +-/$ "-,2$,($,0. . . . ‫  ޜ‬Å „ ³ É Á ޭ t(965)=7.161, p<.01 % Û Ȅ ޭ t(979)=2.939 , p <.01% Ϊ ϝ ޭ t(389)=4 .579, p< .01‫ޝ‬.  ǏГX%Ӡџ[ĤŵBqslӞȟĩ‫ٵ‬xōŒFt̩ˊ9%Ӟȟĩ‫ٰ̤[̉رۿ[ٵ‬U‫ܙ‬ ĥ D S 4 t 8 V 5 8 x ٠ d t L k X %Q9 X ɾ F t ǽ թ X Q 4 S+ ‫ ݎ‬ʸ X ‫ ر ۿ‬T 3 t ,8 r + ‫ ر ۿ‬T \ W 4 ,h T X 4 Ҧ 8 r 1 Ҧ x Ƅ s ˡ S S ˳ Ҧ ƚ D %Q8 X ɾ F t ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ǽ թ A U X ˳ Ҧ [ ʻ Ȍ ij x ж ‫ ګ‬D L ֒ ϰ x ‫ آ‬3.2 X ԫ F & @ [ Ȝ Ǎ X l %  Å „ ³ É Á % Û Ȅ % Ϊ ϝ[FdSX74Sϓ̤Wʮ9‫س‬ru%Ӟȟĩ‫ٵ‬xōŒFt̩ˊx͝Qö[Τ9%Ӟȟǭ ‫ݡ‬x+‫رۿ‬T3t,ṲٰDS4tŅǑ93t@U9ԫBuL& 74.

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(8) <96;58<4; !*% .20 +)&% ,.0% #.-3%-)%-1. . . . ‫  ޜ‬Å „ ³ É Á ޭ t(978)=5.605, p<.01 % Û Ȅ ޭ t(993)=5.883 , p <.01% Ϊ ϝ ޭ t(388)=3 .571, p< .01‫ޝ‬.  Ā Ò [ q 5 X %Ӟ ȟ ĩ ‫ ٰ ̤ [ ̉ ر ۿ [ ٵ‬%7 q ` Ӟ ȟ ĩ ‫ [ ٵ‬L k [ Ş Ė Ԁ W ‫ ؜‬Ɠ ̤ Ȃ \ % Ӡџ[ĤŵBxōŒFt8Ӟȟĩ‫ٵ‬xōŒFt8[̩ˊXqPSӯWt@U9ԫBuL& ަ‫ޡަޠ‬Ӟȟĩ‫ٵ‬U֑ѵӼʒ  ֑ѵ9ӼʒFt@UXqsӞȟԣȥ9‫ۑ‬j[T\W48U45Ʈ̠9%‫ڼ‬ʼӀX{{ [Ȅ(XɾDSǑ>ruS4t&ɪܵ%ΪϝX7>třɯǭ‫ݡ‬9%֑ѵ[‫ܓ̴ˊބ‬XUl WPSӠEL@U\‫̳ق‬XΣD<%‫ڼ‬ʼ[ÛȄ[̈‫ۍ‬W֑ѵ̴‫ܓ‬9%ǏГ[ӞȟрϷxl LrDQQ3t@U9D]D]ƿsщфBuS4t&J@T%֑ѵӼʒUӞȟԣȥU[‫ܙ‬ ĥXQ4S[ٰ̤%7q`ɑɛ[LkX֑ѵӼʒUӞȟĩ‫[ٵ‬VNrx‫صرۿ‬Ft8[̩ ˊxʃZL[9ĀÓ[‫ڐ‬ǭT3t&  

(9) Ì- ± ¢ ¬ Š L ‹ J © ‚ ® ƒ Y G S I 1 ,.    Ì- 9 K [ G \ K Î D K “ ¸ K 1 B + / I @ K 3 œ – B L H B U K “ ¸ J À 0 F < 4 ,É [ Ê † K @ R J L + ± ¢ ¬ Š 5 „ ‰ Á X E S + l / W µ ¤ Y F 6 W A 8 š < N 6 A ,É \ Ê † K @ R J L + µ ¤ 5 „ ‰ ® ƒ : X E S + l K ± ¢ Y F 6 W A 8 ¬ Š : > W N 6 A ,. . ֒ ϰ x Ȃ 3.5 U Ȃ 3.6 X ԫ F &Q12-6 X ɾ D S+ ‫ ̴ ڋ‬,U+ V N r 8 U 4 6 ] ‫ ̴ ڋ‬,x Ǎ w H L Ƅ Ǎ \ % Å „ ³ É Á 50.0‫ ޚ‬%Û Ȅ 62.4‫ ޜޚ‬Ò Ѩ 53.2‫ ޚ‬%ϩ ʨ 70.3‫ ޚ‬%73.5‫ޝ ޚ‬%Ϊ ϝ 60.8‫ ޚ‬U W P S 4 t & h L % Q17 T + ֑ ѵ Ӽ ʒ q s ‫ פ‬ҫ x Ю F d : , U ǽ թ D L ö [ Ƅ Ǎ \ %  Å „ ³ É Á 9 67.2‫ ޚ‬% Û Ȅ 9 82.2‫ ޜ ޚ‬Ò Ѩ 82.8‫ ޚ‬% ϩ ʨ 83.0‫ ޚ‬% ؑ ʨ 79.5‫ޝ ޚ‬% Ϊ ϝ 9 94.5‫ ޚ‬T 3 t &. Ȃ 3 .5 ֑ ѵ Ӽ ʒ U Ӟ ȟ ԣ ȥ        Ȃ 3 .6  ‫ פ‬ҫ x Ю F 8 ֑ ѵ x Ӽ ʒ B H t 8 75.

(10)     .     ϪњȲɚ+€‹È«|Õ«|,ԢՒ  Vol. 2. ſհTƿsÒ?L%Ӡџ[ĤŵBqslӞȟĩ‫ٵ‬xōŒFt̩ˊ9%֑ѵӼʒUӞȟԣ ȥ U [ ‫ ܙ‬ĥ X Q 4 S [ ̤ ٰ U ‫ ܙ‬ĥ D S 4 t 8 V 5 8 x ٠ d t L k X % Q12-6 X ɾ F t ǽ թ X Q 4 S+ ‫ ̴ ڋ‬,8 r+ ƽ ɾ ,h T X 5 Ҧ 8 r 1 Ҧ h T x Ƅ s ˡ S S ˳ Ҧ ƚ D %Q8 X ɾ F t ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ǽ թ A U X ˳ Ҧ [ ʻ Ȍ ij x ж ‫ ګ‬D L ֒ ϰ x ‫ آ‬3.3 X ԫ F &  Å „ ³ É Á U Û Ȅ X 74Sϓ̤Wʮ9‫س‬ruL9%ΪϝT\ϓ̤ʮ9‫س‬ruW8PL&Ϊϝ[ȜǍX\%Å ­ Á Θ 9 n n ʆ W 4 @ U U % Ӟ ȟ ĩ ‫ ٵ‬x ō Œ F t ̩ ˊ x ͝ Q ö [ Ƅ Ǎ 9 ‫ ބ‬4 ‫ ޜ‬89.0‫@ ޝ ޚ‬ Ul%֕‫ؾ‬ԀWʮxlLrBW8PL‫ر‬ǾUDSֽ6rut& ‫ آ‬3 .3 Ӟ ȟ ĩ ‫ ٵ‬8 Ӡ џ [ Ĥ ŵ B 8 [ ̩ ˊ X ɾ F t ֑ ѵ Ӽ ʒ U Ӟ ȟ ԣ ȥ [ ‫ ܙ‬ĥ X Q 4 S [ ̤ ٰ <?;=@> '+%-,.#.  &'+. -+.  : 958749 ,.(&."/,-.,/#!//&#%), )#+1'.,+*#+/. . . . 

(11) :74936:29 (# ,0. )'$# *,.# !,+1#+'#+/. . . . ‫  ޜ‬Å „ ³ É Á ޭ t(970)=5.899, p<.01 % Û Ȅ ޭ t(989)=3.743 , p <.01% Ϊ ϝ ޭ t(388)= .863, n .s.‫ޝ‬.  W 7 % Q17 X ɾ F t ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ǽ թ X Q 4 S % J u K u A U X ֑ ѵ Ӽ ʒ U Ӟ ȟ ԣ ȥ U [ ‫ ܙ‬ĥ X Q 4 S [ ̤ ٰ [ ˳ Ҧ x ж ‫ ګ‬D L U @ v %4 G u [ Ȅ X 7 4 S l ϓ ̤ ʮ \ ‫ س‬r u W 8 P L & h L %Q17 X ɾ F t Q9‫ ޜ‬Ӟ ȟ ǭ ‫ ˳ [ޝ ̉ ر ۿ [ ݡ‬Ҧ [ ʻ Ȍ T \ % Å „ ³ É Á [ i T+ ‫פ‬ ҫxЮFd:,UǽթDLö[Τ9‫ٰ̤[̉رۿ‬9ϓ̤X‫ބ‬8PL9%ÛȄUΪϝT\ϓ ̤ ʮ 9 ‫ س‬r u W 8 P L & Q17 X ɾ F t Q11‫ ޜ‬Ӟ ȟ x ɟ t L k W r ‫ ބ‬4 ǥ Ҿ T l ‫ څ‬5 ‫˳ [ ޝ‬ Ҧ[ʻȌT\%Å„³ÉÁUΪϝT+‫פ‬ҫxЮFd:,UǽթDLö[Τ9‫ބ‬4ǥҾ[ ‫ ̤ څ ڒ‬Ȃ 9 ϓ ̤ X ‫ ބ‬8 P L &֒ ϰ 9 α Ԥ T W 4 Ә Ӥ U D S % + ɑ ɛ [ L k X ,U 4 5 ϧ Ą 9 % Ӟȟǭ‫ٰٕ[ݡ‬UԌͭX֒`Q8W8PLLJ‫̉ז‬9ԫǨBut ަ‫פޡާޠ‬ҫ‫ظ‬UӞȟٰ̤  Ӟȟǭ‫ٳ[ݡ‬٥T\% + ö ‫ ܘ‬9 ԣ ȥ D L ‫ פ‬ҫ \ Ŏ X ̺ r W 4 ,U 4 5 Ü ˞ 9 ‫ ر ۿ‬W Ē ֱ x ƬktȜǍ9ȯ4&D8D%@u\ö‫[ܘ‬ǶiU‫פ‬ҫU[‫ܙ‬ĥXQ4S[ٰٕ%3t4\ ö([‫פ‬ҫ‫ظ‬X‫ܙ‬ĥFt@U9rUlֽ6rut&J@T%ĀÓ[‫ڐ‬ǭXɾFtǽթxЋ ‫ؿ‬DSit@UXFt&   Ì- @ G 2 k Ä J T C E µ ¤ 5 ® ƒ : X @ G ; E S + µ ¤ L µ U K u F }  F 6 W ,. . ܼ ‫ ֒ [ ؾ‬ϰ \ Ȃ 3.7 [ U 7 s T 3 t & + ‫ ̴ ڋ‬,U+ V N r 8 U 4 6 ] ‫ ̴ ڋ‬,[ ǽ թ x Ǎ w H L Ƅ Ǎ x ‫ س‬t U %  Å „ ³ É Á 9 38.8‫ ޚ‬% Û Ȅ 9 29.0‫ ޜ ޚ‬Ò Ѩ 29.6‫ ޚ‬% ϩ ʨ 23.7‫ ޚ‬% ؑ ʨ 35.5‫ޝ ޚ‬%Ϊ ϝ 12.8‫ ޚ‬U W P S 4 t &@ [ ǽ թ \ %Ӟ ȟ ĩ ‫ ˊ ̩ [ ٵ‬X ɾ F t ‫ ݖ ک ۇ‬Ԋ X W P S4tUֽ6rut9%ӀXΪϝT‫[̴ڋ‬ƄǍ9ʆW4@U9ŭ8t& ОX%@uhTUǏГX%Ӡџ[ĤŵBqslӞȟĩ‫ٵ‬xōŒFt̩ˊ9%‫פ‬ҫXɾF t ̤ ٰ U ‫ ܙ‬ĥ F t 8 V 5 8 x ‫ س‬t L k X % Q19-3 [ ǽ թ X Q 4 S + ‫ ̴ ڋ‬, 8 r + ƽ ɾ , h T X 5 Ҧ 8 r 1 Ҧ h T x Ƅ s ˡ S S ˳ Ҧ ƚ D %Q8 X ɾ F t ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ǽ թ A U X ˳ Ҧ [ ʻ Ȍ ij x ж ‫ ګ‬D L ֒ ϰ 9 ‫ آ‬3.4 T 3 t &  Å „ ³ É Á U Û Ȅ X 7 4 S ϓ ̤ ʮ 9 ‫ س‬r u % ŗ Ė X Ӟ 76.

(12)              Ӟȟٰ̤UӠџ‫ظ‬È‫פ‬ҫ‫  {{ظ‬ȄT[٠Ϲ֒ϰ8r            . ȟĩ‫ٵ‬xōŒFt̩ˊx͝Qö[Τ9% ‫פ‬ҫ9‫פ‬rǽ˵FtU45ֽ6XƽɾF tŅǑ93t@U9ԫBuL&  h L % Q17 [ + ɑ ɛ [ L k X \ ‫ פ‬ҫ x ЮFd:8֑ѵxӼʒBHtd:8,[ ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ǽ թ X ɾ F t Q19-3 [ ˳ Ҧ [ ʻ Ȍ ij x ж ‫ ګ‬D L [ 9 ‫ آ‬3.5 T 3 t & @ [ Ȝ Ǎl%Å„³ÉÁUÛȄX74Sϓ̤ ʮ9ٕkru%‫פ‬ҫxЮFd:U45̩ ˊx͝Qö[Τ9%‫פ‬ҫ9‫פ‬rǽ˵Ft U45ֽ6XƽɾFtŅǑ9‫س‬ruL& Ȃ 3 .7 ‫ פ‬ҫ [ ǽ ˵ X Q 4 S [ ̤ ٰ. ‫ آ‬3 .4 Ӟ ȟ ĩ ‫ ٵ‬8 Ӡ џ [ Ĥ ŵ B 8 [ ̩ ˊ X ɾ F t ‫ פ‬ҫ [ ǽ ˵ X Q 4 S [ ̤ ٰ >A=?B@ )-'!/.0%.  ()-!. !/!-.  < ;7:96; .0*(!0$1./0.1%#11(%'+."!+%-3)0.-,%-1. . . . 

(13) <96;58<4; !*% .20 +)&% ,.0% #.-3%-)%-1. . . . ‫  ޜ‬Å „ ³ É Á ޭ t(962)=5.316, p<.01 % Û Ȅ ޭ t(987)=4.046 , p <.01% Ϊ ϝ ޭ t(388)=1 .104, n .s.‫ޝ‬. ‫ آ‬3 .5 ɑ ɛ [ L k X ֑ ѵ x Ӽ ʒ B H t 8 ‫ פ‬ҫ x Ю F 8 [ ̩ ˊ X ɾ F t ‫ פ‬ҫ [ ǽ ˵ X Q 4 S [ ̤ ٰ 9<8:=;  #%$&.   #.  %#. ,6

(14) 705&'&* #()&. . . . 4 73-62. /165*!$% $)& )&&#( $#$"+. . . . ‫  ޜ‬Å „ ³ É Á ޭ t(879)=3.969, p<.01 % Û Ȅ ޭ t(985)=6.909 , p <.01% Ϊ ϝ ޭ t(391)= .214, n .s.‫ޝ‬.  @ur[֒ϰ8r%Ӟȟĩ‫ˊ̩[ٵ‬X\%‫פ‬ҫ9_UL`ԣȥButUʁϨXwLPS ǽ ˵ T : W 4 [ T \ W 4 8 U 4 5 Ʈ Л ̧ 9 ‫ ܙ‬Õ D S 4 t LJ ‫ ̉ ז‬9 ԫ Ǩ B u t &‫ ۇ‬X ‫ ؼ‬6 ] % ‫פ‬ҫ\4Guǽ˵FtU45ٰٕ9%ӞȟqslӠџ[ĤŵBxōŒFt̩ˊxƋ‫ܓ‬DS 4tUlֽ6rut& ަ‫‹ޡިޠ‬µ»¢|UӞȟǭ‫ݡ‬  Ӟȟǭ‫\ٰٕ[ݡ‬%ȊӗӞȟU4PLȲ:W‘‰ÉÁ8r%ĔyT4tȊȓ[‫ڼڣ‬WӞ ȟX4LthT%BhChW¯ÁTUr6t@U9T:t&JDS%‫[҄ډ‬հւnÀ }‡Á‫؜‬ƓU4PLĮö¯Á[Ӟȟĩ‫؜ٵ‬Ɠ\%ȊȓxȖԉUFtļ‫ݏ‬9Ȳ:4Uֽ6 77.

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(137)     . Ըʘ.     ϪњȲɚ+€‹È«|Õ«|,ԢՒ  Vol. 2. 44.3. 8.5. 47.0. 0.0. ޶ 8. Ȋ ӗ Ӟ ȟ U ‫ פ‬ŭ L N [ Ӡ џ U [ ‫ ܙ‬ĥ X Q 4 S %{ U } [ ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ̤ ‫ س‬9 3 s h F &3 W L[7й͝N\VNrX‫ڼ‬4TF8& 1.‫ פ ޝ { ޜ‬ŭ L N [ Ӡ џ 2.‫ פ ޝ } ޜ‬ŭ L N [ Ӡ џ 99.w 8 r W 4 9 ø q s Ô Ĥ X W P S x %q s Ĥ ŵ X F t @ U l %Ȋ ӗ Ӟ ȟ x ɟ t L k x ֽ 6 t d : M X_Us_Us9ƌƇ Ftd:M 71.2 28.8 0.0 ÒѨ 74.3 24.7 0.7 ϩʨ 81.5 18.5 0.0 ؑʨ 74.2 25.5 0.2 ÛȄŗĖ 89.0 8.8 2.0 Ըʘ ޶ 9. Ӟ ȟ [ ĩ ‫ \ ٵ‬% 3 W L X U P S V [ < r 4 ‫ ر ۿ‬W ǭ ‫ ݡ‬T F 8 & 1. ‫ ݎ‬ʸ X ‫ ر ۿ‬2.‫ ر ۿ‬T 3 t 3. 3 h s ‫ ر ۿ‬4. ‫ ر ۿ‬T \ W T3t T\W4 4 74.2 24.8 0.6 0.0 ÒѨ 75.3 24.3 0.0 0.3 ϩʨ 81.5 17.5 1.0 0.0 ؑʨ 76.0 23.2 0.5 0.1 ÛȄŗĖ 44.5 52.5 2.8 0.0 Ըʘ. 99. w 8 r W 4 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3. Ð 10.Ӟ ȟ р Ϸ \ 3 W L ‫ [ ڣ פ‬Ļ ˍ X V [ Մ ˊ ˧ ‫ ݒ‬x ƺ f D S 4 t U ̇ 4 h F 8 & 1. ‫ ݎ‬ʸ X ˧ ‫ ݒ‬2. n n ˧ ‫ ݒ‬9 3. 3 h s ˧ ‫ ݒ‬4. h P L < ˧ 99. w 8 r W 93t 3t \W4 ‫\ݒ‬W4 4 73.6 25.2 0.6 0.6 0.0 ÒѨ 52.3 45.7 2.0 0.0 0.0 ϩʨ 65.5 32.0 2.0 0.5 0.0 ؑʨ 65.6 32.7 1.3 0.4 0.0 ÛȄŗĖ 34.4 46.0 16.8 2.8 0.3 Ըʘ ޶ 11.3 W L \ % ij а [ ‫ ބ‬4 ǥ Ҿ T l Ӟ ȟ x ɟ t L k W r ‫ څ‬7 5 U ̇ 4 h F 8 & 1. F F y T 2. 3 t Մ ˊ 3. V N r U 4. 3 h s ‫ څ‬5. ‫ څ‬4 L < 99. w 8 r ‫ څ‬7 5 U \ ‫ څ‬7 5 l 4 6 W 4 L < W W4 W4 ̇5 U̇5 4 4 8.2 44.6 34.6 9.6 1.4 1.6 ÒѨ 7.0 50.7 30.3 6.3 3.0 1.7 ϩʨ 8.0 65.5 22.5 4.0 0.0 0.0 ؑʨ 7.8 50.6 30.9 7.5 1.6 1.3 ÛȄŗĖ 8.3 57.3 26.0 7.3 1.3 0.0 Ըʘ. 92.

(138)              Ӟȟٰ̤UӠџ‫ظ‬È‫פ‬ҫ‫  {{ظ‬ȄT[٠Ϲ֒ϰ8r            . ޶ 12. @ u 8 r Μ ՜ x 4 < Q 8 ٝ i Ò ? h F & J u K u X Q 4 S 3 W L \ V [ Մ ˊ ‫ ̴ ڋ‬8 7թ6<MB4& ޶ 12-1.ŗ Ė U D S Ӗ þ Խ ɚ \ ‫ ׯ‬4 @ U q s l % j D v ̗ 4 @ U x l L r D S 4 t 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ 99. w 8 r U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] W4 ‫̴ڋ‬ 4 ƽɾ 6.4 24.2 26.4 38.0 3.6 1.4 ÒѨ 1.7 16.7 13.0 46.7 22.0 0.0 ϩʨ 4.0 41.0 30.5 22.5 2.0 0.0 ؑʨ 4.5 25.3 23.2 37.5 8.8 0.7 ÛȄŗĖ 14.5 21.5 49.3 9.8 4.5 0.5 Ըʘ ޶ 12-2.Ի L N \ % Խ ɚ x Ī Ӣ D F ; S 4 S % ɤ Γ c [ Ī Ă 9 Ô ‫ ڙ‬D S 4 t 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] ‫̴ڋ‬ 4 ƽɾ 8.0 53.6 25.0 10.4 0.6 ÒѨ 3.7 20.3 27.7 40.0 7.7 ϩʨ 3.5 47.0 33.5 14.5 0.5 ؑʨ 5.8 42.3 27.5 20.1 2.7 ÛȄŗĖ 5.0 12.8 45.3 15.0 18.3 Ըʘ. 99. w 8 r W4 2.4 0.7 1.0 1.6 3.5. ޶ 12-3.Ի L N 9 Ӡ џ x 3 h s ȫ 6 W < S l %Ӗ þ Խ ɚ 9 Ӟ ȟ ǭ ‫ ݡ‬x ‫ غ‬ц D S < u t M v 5 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ 99. w 8 r U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] W4 ‫̴ڋ‬ 4 ƽɾ 7.8 41.4 19.8 27.8 2.2 1.0 ÒѨ 9.3 49.3 19.0 14.3 7.0 1.0 ϩʨ 1.5 34.5 23.5 39.0 1.5 0.0 ؑʨ 7.0 42.4 20.3 26.0 3.5 0.8 ÛȄŗĖ 0.8 5.8 18.5 29.8 44.0 1.0 Ըʘ Ð 12Ë 4.Ի ‫ ڣ פ‬X l % Ӗ ȉ [ Ӟ ȟ ǭ ‫ ݡ‬x ˘ : ‫ @ ڕ‬D L ‫ ڂ‬ą [ Ì ՟ 9 3 t 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] ‫̴ڋ‬ 4 ƽɾ 15.8 65.2 11.6 6.4 ÒѨ 18.7 66.3 10.3 2.3 ϩʨ 8.5 75.0 11.5 5.0 ؑʨ 15.2 67.5 11.2 4.9 ÛȄŗĖ 34.0 39.0 18.3 5.5 Ըʘ. 93. 99. w 8 r W4 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.7 2.8. 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.5 0.5.

(139)     .     ϪњȲɚ+€‹È«|Õ«|,ԢՒ  Vol. 2. ޶ 12-5.Ի M > 9 Ӟ ȟ [ L k X ė 8 x D S l %ü [ ö l Ǐ E @ U x D W > u ] %3 h s ̤ ǝ 9W4U̇5 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3.V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ 99. w 8 r U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] W4 ‫̴ڋ‬ 4 ƽɾ 21.6 52.2 8.6 16.2 1.4 0.0 ÒѨ 33.3 48.7 9.0 8.0 0.0 1.0 ϩʨ 23.0 55.0 12.0 9.0 1.0 0.0 ؑʨ 25.4 51.7 9.4 12.3 0.9 0.3 ÛȄŗĖ 47.8 22.5 8.8 10.8 9.8 0.3 Ըʘ ޶ 12-6.֑ ѵ Ӽ ʒ \ ʸ X Ӟ ȟ ԣ ȥ x U l W 5 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W ‫̴ڋ‬ 4 12.6 40.6 21.6 ÒѨ 24.3 46.0 22.3 ϩʨ 6.5 67.0 20.5 ؑʨ 14.9 47.5 21.6 ÛȄŗĖ 32.0 28.8 27.5 Ըʘ. 4. V N r 8 U 4 6 ] ƽɾ 21.4 6.3 5.0 13.6 7.8. 5.ƽ ɾ. 99. w 8 r W4 3.0 0.3 0.5 1.7 3.3. 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.8. ޶ 12-7.Ӟ ȟ р Ϸ [ q 5 W ǭ ‫ ݡ‬x ‫ غ‬ц F t L k X \ %Ȅ ܵ Ԁ W Л ‫ ܙ‬X ˟ ŷ Ԁ W З ‫ ܥ‬x ͝ L H td:M 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ 99. w 8 r U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] W4 ‫̴ڋ‬ 4 ƽɾ 24.4 55.6 14.6 2.6 0.0 2.8 ÒѨ 33.3 49.0 16.3 0.7 0.0 0.7 ϩʨ 13.5 72.5 8.5 3.5 1.0 1.0 ؑʨ 24.9 57.0 13.9 2.2 0.2 1.8 ÛȄŗĖ 42.8 29.8 17.5 5.0 2.3 2.3 Ըʘ ޶ 13. T \ % @ u 8 r ٝ i Ò ? t Ӟ ȟ ǭ ‫ ݡ‬X Q 4 S % 3 W L \ V [ Մ ˊ Ѯ ż M U ̇ 4 h F 8&JuKuXQ4S7թ6<MB4& ޶ 13-1. Ȋ ӗ Ѻ τ ƚ X q t й Ѻ [ Ò ί 1. Ѯ ż T 3 2. h 3 Ѯ ż t T3t 63.4 34.0 ÒѨ 47.0 46.7 ϩʨ 63.0 31.5 ؑʨ 58.4 37.3 ÛȄŗĖ 83.5 13.8 Ըʘ. 3. 3 h s Ѯ ż T\W4 2.4 5.7 5.0 3.9 2.0. 94. 4. Ѯ ż T \ W4 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.5. 99. w 8 r W 4 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.3.

(140)              Ӟȟٰ̤UӠџ‫ظ‬È‫פ‬ҫ‫  {{ظ‬ȄT[٠Ϲ֒ϰ8r            . Ð 13-2. Ԡ э n Ԡ ҥ W V % € £ Á † É ‫ [ ҄ ډ‬Ô ‫ڙ‬ 1. Ѯ ż T 3 2. h 3 Ѯ ż 3. 3 h s Ѯ ż t T3t T\W4 44.2 46.8 8.0 ÒѨ 45.3 49.0 5.0 ϩʨ 66.0 31.0 2.5 ؑʨ 48.9 44.3 6.0 ÛȄŗĖ 63.5 29.0 6.0 Ըʘ. 4. Ѯ ż T \ W4 0.4 0.7 0.0 0.4 1.0. 99. w 8 r W 4 0.6 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.3. Ð 13-3. Ȳ й р Ϸ 1. Ѯ ż T 3 t 57.8 ÒѨ 52.7 ϩʨ 74.0 ؑʨ 59.5 ÛȄŗĖ 76.8 Ըʘ. 3. 3 h s Ѯ ż T\W4 11.2 10.0 5.0 9.6 1.5. 4. Ѯ ż T \ W4 2.6 0.7 0.0 1.5 0.0. 99. w 8 r W 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3. 30.2 36.0 30.1 29.4 24.0. 3. 3 h s Ѯ ż T\W4 11.0 13.7 11.1 9.6 2.8. 4. Ѯ ż T \ W4 1.0 2.0 1.1 1.5 0.0. 99. w 8 r W 4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.5. Ð 13-5. ‫ ؎ ڷ‬n ƚ ɚ ‫ ׎‬Ο X q t ‫ ݬ‬Ο [ р Ϸ 1. Ѯ ż T 3 2. h 3 Ѯ ż t T3t 59.6 30.0 ÒѨ 52.7 35.7 ϩʨ 61.5 24.5 ؑʨ 57.9 30.6 ÛȄŗĖ 71.5 24.3 Ըʘ. 3. 3 h s Ѯ ż T\W4 9.8 9.0 12.0 10.0 3.3. 4. Ѯ ż T \ W4 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.3. 99. w 8 r W 4 0.2 1.7 1.0 0.8 0.8. Ð 13-6. ȇ Ȧ [ р Ϸ 1. Ѯ ż t ÒѨ ϩʨ ؑʨ ÛȄŗĖ Ըʘ. 3. 3 h s Ѯ ż T\W4 13.4 19.0 17.5 15.9 5.3. 4. Ѯ ż T \ W4 4.6 7.3 3.0 5.1 0.3. 99. w 8 r W 4 1.6 3.3 4.0 2.6 1.3. 2. h 3 Ѯ ż T3t 28.4 36.7 21.0 29.4 21.5. Ð 13-4. Ѩ n ʧ n ѽ W V [ л [ р Ϸ 1. Ѯ ż T 3 2. h 3 t T3t 57.6 ÒѨ 48.0 ϩʨ 71.5 ؑʨ 57.5 ÛȄŗĖ 72.8 Ըʘ. T3 47.2 40.0 49.0 45.4 66.0. Ѯż. 2. h 3 Ѯ ż T3t 33.2 30.3 26.5 31.0 27.3. 95.

(141)     .     ϪњȲɚ+€‹È«|Õ«|,ԢՒ  Vol. 2. Ð 13-7. Љ Ϯ ԣ ȥ 1. Ѯ ż T 3 t 47.2 ÒѨ 43.3 ϩʨ 50.0 ؑʨ 46.6 ÛȄŗĖ 82.5 Ըʘ. 2. h 3 Ѯ ż T3t 35.4 32.0 25.0 32.3 16.0. 3. 3 h s Ѯ ż T\W4 13.0 18.0 15.5 15.0 1.3. 4. Ѯ ż T \ W4 3.4 4.0 2.5 3.4 0.0. 99. w 8 r W 4 1.0 2.7 7.0 2.7 0.3. @u8rٝiÒ?t@U9rXQ4S%3WL[7ֽ6x7թ6<MB4& ޶ 14. Ì ‫ ׭‬Ԁ X ‫ ؼ‬P S % V y W Ȝ Ǎ T l ѕ X ˲ 5 d : M U ̇ 4 h F 8 & J u U l % ğ Ȯ 9 3 s %Ȝ Ǎ X q P S \ %ѕ ˮ x ԣ t @ U X W P S l ‫ ˻ ׯ‬X ˲ 5 d : M U ̇ 4 h F 8 & 1.V y W Ȝ Ǎ T l % ѕ X 2.Ȝ Ǎ X q P S \ % ‫ ˻ ׯ‬99.w 8 r W 4 ˲5d:M X˲5d:M 71.6 28.2 0.2 ÒѨ 79.0 21.0 0.0 ϩʨ 59.0 40.0 0.5 ؑʨ 71.3 28.4 0.2 ÛȄŗĖ 20.5 74.5 4.8 Ըʘ ޶ 15. @ [ { U } [ ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ̤ ‫ [ س‬5 N % 3 W L [ 7 й ͝ N \ V N r [ ̤ ‫ س‬X ‫ ڼ‬4 T F 8 & 1.‫ ޝ { ޜ‬Į ö [ З ŵ x ɟ 2.‫ ޝ } ޜ‬ř ś [ ŵ ԅ x ɟ 99.w 8 r W 4 t L k X \ %ř ś [ ŵ ԅ t L k X \ %Į ö [ З ŵ 9ȯʆӁҿXWt@U 9ȯʆӁҿXWt@U 93PSlûΤ9W4 93PSlûΤ9W4 15.6 81.8 1.8 ÒѨ 12.0 85.7 2.3 ϩʨ 11.5 87.0 0.5 ؑʨ 13.7 84.0 1.7 ÛȄŗĖ 30.5 60.8 8.3 Ըʘ ޶ 16. @ [ { U } [ ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ̤ ‫ [ س‬5 N % ۣ b U F u ] % 3 W L [ 7 й ͝ N \ V N r [ ̤ ‫س‬ X‫ڼ‬4TF8& 1.‫ޝ { ޜ‬L U 6 Ì ‫ [ ׭‬ö ( 2.‫ޝ } ޜ‬L U 6 Ì ‫ [ ׭‬ö ( 99.w 8 r W 4 9ФD4ۣ͌xFtU 9͝Q‫פ‬rцɦxÓF \ ‫ ܥ‬r W < S l %Ӟ ȟ x З ŵ x ģ ɯ F t U D S V 5 ɟ t 8 X Q 4 S \ % l %Ύ ˉ \ Ì ‫ [ ׭‬ö ( X Ύ ˉ \ ʺ Ѷ H G %Ì ‫ [ ׭‬Ӟ ȟ x ɟ r H t L k [ ö([ųΡXąHtd ѕˮxŷɦFtd:T 3t :T3t 34.0 63.4 2.6 ÒѨ 37.0 61.7 1.3 ϩʨ 47.0 52.5 0.5 ؑʨ 37.5 60.7 1.8 ÛȄŗĖ 19.3 73.5 6.5 Ըʘ. 96.

(142)              Ӟȟٰ̤UӠџ‫ظ‬È‫פ‬ҫ‫  {{ظ‬ȄT[٠Ϲ֒ϰ8r            . ޶ 17. @ [ { U } [ ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ̤ ‫ [ س‬5 N % 3 W L [ 7 й ͝ N \ V N r [ ̤ ‫ س‬X ‫ ڼ‬4 T F 8 & 1.‫ޝ { ޜ‬ɑ ɛ [ L k X \ % 2.‫ޝ } ޜ‬ɑ ɛ [ L k X \ % 99.w 8 r W 4 ֑ѵӼʒ9ȯʆ‫ۓ‬uS ‫פ‬ҫ9ȯʆԣȥBuS l %ø 3 t ‫ פ‬ҫ x T : t l %ø [ ֑ ѵ x T : t M M>ЮFd:M >ӼʒBHtd:M 82.8 16.6 0.6 ÒѨ 83.0 15.3 1.0 ϩʨ 79.5 20.0 0.0 ؑʨ 82.2 16.9 0.6 ÛȄŗĖ 94.5 4.0 1.0 Ըʘ Ð 18. ‫ פ‬ҫ U ö ‫ ܘ‬U [ ‫ ܙ‬ĥ X Q 4 S % @ [ ަ Q [ ̤ ‫ س‬9 3 s h F & 3 W L 9 @ [ Û T ԓ ɪ X‫ڼ‬4U̇5l[x%‫ޤ‬QM>ۣyT<MB4& 1.ö ‫ ܘ‬9 ʽ Ը X W 2.ö ‫ ܘ‬9 ʽ Ը X W 3.ö ‫ ܘ‬9 ʽ Ը X W 99.w 8 r W 4 t L k X \ %‫ פ‬ҫ t L k X \ %‫ פ‬ҫ t L k X \ %‫ פ‬ҫ X˲wW>u] xŵӢDW>u x˫ϔDS48 WrW4 ]WrW4 W>u]WrW 4 31.4 43.8 24.4 0.2 ÒѨ 41.0 47.3 11.7 0.0 ϩʨ 53.0 36.0 9.5 0.5 ؑʨ 38.6 43.3 17.6 0.2 ÛȄŗĖ 42.3 51.8 3.8 2.0 Ըʘ ޶ 19. @ u 8 r ٝ i 3 ? t J u K u [ ̤ ‫ س‬X % 3 W L \ ‫ ̴ ڋ‬8 ƽ ɾ 8 7 թ 6 < M B 4 & ޶ 19-1.ö ‫ ܘ‬9 ‫ פ‬ҫ X ̾ x Ɖ 6 W > u ] % ‫ פ‬ҫ \ ʻ Ս T ٠ ǡ [ 3 t l [ U W t M v 5 99. w 8 r 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ W4 U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] ƽɾ 4 ‫̴ڋ‬ 30.8 58.8 5.0 3.2 2.2 0.0 ÒѨ 32.3 60.7 5.3 1.3 0.0 0.3 ϩʨ 24.0 64.5 8.0 3.5 0.0 0.0 ؑʨ 29.9 60.5 5.7 2.7 1.1 0.1 ÛȄŗĖ 32.3 25.8 27.8 7.8 5.8 0.3 Ըʘ ޶ 19-2.‫ פ‬ҫ \ % ϝ Ϩ % ƶ D 4 Ӡ ɕ ՠ è [ Ȝ T 3 t 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W 4 ‫̴ڋ‬ 14.8 51.4 17.0 ÒѨ 27.7 51.3 14.3 ϩʨ 6.0 49.0 19.5 ؑʨ 16.9 50.9 16.7 ÛȄŗĖ 48.0 32.5 13.0 Ըʘ. 97. 4. V N r 8 U 4 6 ] ƽɾ 14.6 5.0 24.5 13.7 2.5. 5.ƽ ɾ. 99. w 8 r W4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.8. 1.2 0.7 0.0 0.8 2.3.

(143)     .     ϪњȲɚ+€‹È«|Õ«|,ԢՒ  Vol. 2. ޶ 19-3.L U 6 ö ‫ ܘ‬X q P S ‫ פ‬ҫ 9 ԣ ȥ B u L U D S l % ‫ פ‬ҫ \ ‫ פ‬r [ Ƈ T ǽ ˵ T : t 99. w 8 r 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ W4 U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] ƽɾ 4 ‫̴ڋ‬ 8.2 21.4 15.6 49.4 5.0 0.4 ÒѨ 6.0 17.7 16.7 40.7 18.7 0.3 ϩʨ 3.5 32.0 21.0 41.5 1.5 0.5 ؑʨ 6.6 22.4 17.0 45.2 8.4 0.4 ÛȄŗĖ 5.0 7.8 20.3 29.0 37.5 0.5 Ըʘ ޶ 19-4.ö ‫ \ ܘ‬% Ȋ ӗ Ò X ȯ < [ Շ ‫ [ ݨ‬Ɠ Њ Ҿ 9 4 W 4 U Ӡ : S 4 > W 4 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] ƽɾ 4 ‫̴ڋ‬ 38.6 49.2 7.6 3.0 ÒѨ 42.7 50.7 3.0 3.3 ϩʨ 21.5 76.5 1.0 1.0 ؑʨ 36.4 55.1 4.9 2.7 ÛȄŗĖ 75.8 19.8 3.5 0.8 Ըʘ. 99. w 8 r W4 1.4 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.3. ޶ 19-5.‫ פ‬ҫ \ Բ 9 ƅ P L l [ W [ T % ö ‫ פ \ ݨ‬ҫ x ʂ ] W > u ] W r W 4 1.‫̴ ڋ‬ 2. V N r 8 3. V N r U 4. V N r 8 5.ƽ ɾ U 4 6 ] l 4 6 W U 4 6 ] ƽɾ 4 ‫̴ڋ‬ 10.0 38.4 22.0 21.2 8.0 ÒѨ 14.0 30.0 10.7 16.7 26.0 ϩʨ 3.5 41.0 5.5 34.5 15.0 ؑʨ 9.9 36.4 15.3 22.5 14.8 ÛȄŗĖ 38.0 35.5 17.0 4.0 4.5 Ըʘ Ð 20. 3 W L ‫ ڣ פ‬X \ Ī Ă ˻ n Ī ˻ 9 V [ Մ ˊ 3 s h F 8 & 1. U S 2. 8 W 3. h 3 4. V N 5. 3 h lĪĂ sĪĂ ĪĂ˻ rUl sĪĂ 46W ˻9W ˻ 9 3 ˻ 9 3 93t 4 4 t t 2.8 7.6 8.6 55.4 3.2 ÒѨ 4.0 14.0 32.7 31.0 3.0 ϩʨ 1.5 10.0 51.5 31.5 2.0 ؑʨ 2.9 10.0 24.4 43.3 2.9 ÛȄŗĖ 6.3 6.8 30.8 22.8 17.8 Ըʘ. 98. 6. e U yVĪ Ă˻9 W4 6.0 5.0 3.0 5.1 7.5. 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0. 99. w 8 r W4. 7. h P L<Ī Ă˻9 W4 9.6 8.0 0.0 7.2 7.3. 0.4 2.7 0.5 1.1 1.0. 99. w 8 rW4. 2.2 2.3 0.5 1.9 0.3.

(144)              Ӟȟٰ̤UӠџ‫ظ‬È‫פ‬ҫ‫  {{ظ‬ȄT[٠Ϲ֒ϰ8r            . Ð 21. @ u 8 r ٝ i Ò ? t @ U 9 r X Q 4 S % 3 W L \ V [ q 5 X ̇ 4 h F 8 & J u K u XQ4S7թ6<MB4& ޶ 21-1. Ի \ % ԝ r W 4 ö 9 Ȁ P S 4 L r % й ‫ ڪ‬X ̾ Ƌ > x F t Τ M 1. U S l J 5 2. h 3 J 5 ̇ 3. 3 h s J 5 4. J 5 ̇ w W ̇5 5 ̇wW4 4 12.6 64.0 17.0 5.4 ÒѨ 25.3 59.0 11.3 1.7 ϩʨ 36.5 54.5 6.0 1.5 ؑʨ 21.2 60.6 13.1 3.5 ÛȄŗĖ 22.3 65.8 9.8 1.0 Ըʘ. 99. w 8 r W 4 1.0 2.7 0.5 1.4 1.3. ޶ 21-2.× Ө Û [ ö ( \ %и Χ n ɤ Γ [ ۛ 4 x ‫ ږ‬6 S %ì 4 X ė r 8 [ ˢ T Ƌ > Ǎ P S 4 t l[M 1. U S l J 5 2. h 3 J 5 ̇ 3. 3 h s J 5 4. J 5 ̇ w W 99. w 8 r W ̇5 5 ̇wW4 4 4 9.8 48.4 26.6 6.6 8.6 ÒѨ 30.3 42.3 19.3 1.3 6.7 ϩʨ 24.5 55.5 14.5 1.0 4.5 ؑʨ 18.9 48.0 22.0 3.9 7.2 ÛȄŗĖ 23.8 58.0 12.8 4.3 1.0 Ըʘ ޶ 21-3. Ի \ % ‫ פ‬ŭ [ ɑ ɛ 8 r ʂ ] u L 4 1. U S l J 5 2. h 3 J 5 ̇ ̇5 5 50.0 45.6 ÒѨ 46.0 48.3 ϩʨ 64.0 25.5 ؑʨ 51.6 42.4 ÛȄŗĖ 23.0 50.0 Ըʘ. 3. 3 h s J 5 ̇wW4 4.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 21.3. 4. J 5 ̇ w W 4 0.4 0.3 0 0.3 3.8. 99. w 8 r W 4 0.0 3.3 7.0 2.4 1.8. ޶ 22. @ [ { U } [ ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ̤ ‫ [ س‬5 N % 3 W L [ 7 ֽ 6 X ‫ ڼ‬4 [ \ V N r T F 8 & 1.‫ ޝ { ޜ‬ö ‫ ܘ‬X U P S ‫ פ‬2.‫ ޝ } ޜ‬ö ‫ ܘ‬X U P S ‫ פ‬99.w 8 r W 4 ҫ \ Ί ۴ F t d : l [ ҫ \ ٠ ǡ D %ś ɕ F t l [T3t T3t 13.0 86.8 ÒѨ 11.7 88.3 ϩʨ 6.0 94.0 ؑʨ 11.2 88.7 ÛȄŗĖ 1.0 99.0 Ըʘ. 99. 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0.

(145)     .     ϪњȲɚ+€‹È«|Õ«|,ԢՒ  Vol. 2. ޶ 23. 3 W L \ Ì ‫ [ ׭‬ö ( q s l % Œ ԰ x ʂ b Τ M U ̇ 4 h F 8 % J u U l ʂ ] W 4 Τ M U̇4hF8& 1.Ì ‫ [ ׭‬ö ( q s 2.Ì ‫ [ ׭‬ö ( q s 3. Ì ‫ [ ׭‬ö ( U 99.w 8 r W 4 ʂbΤMU̇5 ʂ]W4ΤMU ǏE<r4MU ̇5 ̇5 47.0 4.2 48.8 0.0 ÒѨ 25.3 2.3 71.3 1.0 ϩʨ 36.0 3.5 60.5 0.0 ؑʨ 38.3 3.5 57.9 0.3 ÛȄŗĖ 35.3 7.0 57.0 0.8 Ըʘ ϑ˯X%öӠ[ֽ68LXQ4S75894DhF& ޶ 24. @ [ { U } [ ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ̤ ‫ [ س‬5 N % 3 W L [ 7 ֽ 6 X ‫ ڼ‬4 [ \ V N r T F 8 & 1.‫ ޝ { ޜ‬ö [ ۖ Ǡ \ ц h 2.‫ ޝ } ޜ‬ö Ӡ \ ‫ פ‬ŭ T Ů 99.w 8 r W 4 P S 7 s %ö [ Ƈ T \ ȫ s ‫ ܖ‬4 S 4 < l [ M 6ruW4 18.4 81.2 ÒѨ 9.7 89.7 ϩʨ 10.0 89.5 ؑʨ 14.1 85.4 ÛȄŗĖ 17.8 80.5 Ըʘ. 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 1.8. ޶ 25. T \ % @ [ { U } ‫ ޥ‬Q [ ̤ ‫ [ س‬5 N % 3 W L [ 7 ֽ 6 X ‫ ڼ‬4 [ \ V N r T F 8 & 1.‫ ޝ { ޜ‬ö Ӡ \ ȴ < ԟ < 2.‫ ޝ } ޜ‬ö Ӡ \ ֌ < ‫ < ܓ‬99.w 8 r W 4 4:L4 4:L4 29.8 60.6 6.6 ÒѨ 27.7 61.7 10.3 ϩʨ 59.5 36.0 1.5 ؑʨ 35.1 56.0 6.7 ÛȄŗĖ 36.5 54.8 8.0 Ըʘ. 100.

(146)              Ӟȟٰ̤UӠџ‫ظ‬È‫פ‬ҫ‫  {{ظ‬ȄT[٠Ϲ֒ϰ8r            . ‫ډ‬Ο‫ޡޥ‬Ըʘʲ٠ϹԴ. 101.

(147)     .     ϪњȲɚ+€‹È«|Õ«|,ԢՒ  Vol. 2. 102.

(148)              Ӟȟٰ̤UӠџ‫ظ‬È‫פ‬ҫ‫  {{ظ‬ȄT[٠Ϲ֒ϰ8r            . 103.

(149)     .     ϪњȲɚ+€‹È«|Õ«|,ԢՒ  Vol. 2. 104.

(150)              Ӟȟٰ̤UӠџ‫ظ‬È‫פ‬ҫ‫  {{ظ‬ȄT[٠Ϲ֒ϰ8r            . 105.

(151)     .     ϪњȲɚ+€‹È«|Õ«|,ԢՒ  Vol. 2. 106.

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